Arthur, Donald C.

"Negative Portrayal of Vaccines by Commercial Websites: Tortious

Misrepresentation." UMass Law Review, vol. 11, no. 2, 2016, p. 122-191. Opposing
Viewpoints In Context,
http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A517626365/OVIC?u=lincclin_sjrcc&sid=OVIC&xi
d=5016ec40. Accessed 22 July 2018.
This article acknowledges commercial websites and how they deceive the public with
disingenuous information on vaccinations. Which leads the public to distrust and doubt the
claim that vaccinations are beneficial to growth and development. Commercial websites are
often used for entertainment and pop culture news, so any scientific information posted on
these sites should be researched and analyzed heavily before taking their word for merit.
Commercial websites have made claims that vaccines are ineffective and the chemicals
within them have the potential to cause Autism spectrum disorder. This source argues
commercial websites responsibility for misinforming the public and intentionally harming
them by falsifying the scientific research that vaccines do not cause Autism. Commercial
websites seem to have a motive, being that they denounce the benefit of vaccinations and in
return commercial websites provide alternative products listed for sale on their site. This
article discusses a lawsuit that dealt with this controversial issue, legal documentation listed
can give me an advantage when discussing the federal mandates on vaccines and why the
government implements this medical matter into the law.
This article has provided me with another contributing source for this major controversy. I
was unaware that commercial websites played a role in this debate. This source offers me
vast amount of information pertaining to vaccines and Autism alone and to why we vaccinate
children in the first place. All of the information this source has provided will be very useful
in my essay. I consider this source to be credible because it’s a law review from Dartmouth,
which is a very renowned and prestigious law school that is highly credible in the academic
field.
I may utilize this article to portray another contributing factor that has caused distrust and
doubt with vaccinations. By explaining why commercial websites denounce vaccinations to
sell their alternative products. I also would like to use the information on why we vaccinate
children and why it is so important that we continue to do so.

Berg, Rebecca. “AUTISM--AN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ISSUE AFTER ALL?” Journal

of Environmental Health; Vol. 71 Issue 10, June2009 p14-18.http://www.neha.org/JEH/.
Accessed 23 2018.
This article elaborates on Autism spectrum disorder and how you can observe the social
and behavioral characteristics that attribute to the disorder. Factors that include,
compromised communication skills, repetitive behavior, and anxiety are all signs that an
individual may be Autistic. By acknowledging these behavioral swings and cognitive
delays the public can become more aware of the disorder. This source also defines
Autism, distinguishes the link within genetics and reviews the possibility of
environmental factors. Also discusses the chemicals within vaccinations and their
 purpose to protect the individual from bacteria outside the vaccination vial. By
recognizing that vaccinations rates are dropping, hopefully individuals will take on the
responsivity of asking their medical provider for information if unaware and researching
information themselves.
I consider this source to be credible because the source was published by the journal of
environmental health which I can deduce to only offer precise and substantial analysis on
the controversial topic I appreciate how in depth the article goes in regards to defining
autism, the controversial causes the argument entails, and the intent of why we vaccinate.
I will utilize this article when introducing the reader to the topic, by explaining why we
vaccinate, defining the Disorder-Autism and how local health departments carry out
protocol when vaccinating. I would also like to continue my research by accessing the
sources the document provided and retaining new information about the claim.

“Debate over vaccines divides autism community.” USA Today. 02/19/2010. Section: News, Pg.
06a.
This is a newspaper article that gives insight to the Autism community and how this
debate over vaccines and autism have caused tension between them. Though the
newspaper does not give the journalist name, I can only assume that they know or have
relations to someone with autism. The article covers all the aspects about the controversy
such as physician persistence, alternative methods and parental paranoia. It is a brief
excerpt, but the personal connection to the topic is prevalent throughout the whole article
which I believe to be substantial information. Especially since this article is talking about
the Autism community and how this debate has become divided due to differences in
personal beliefs. After the article, there seems to be a comment section and a woman left
a message thanking the publication for writing about the topic and she also gave some
new information that wasn’t in the initial article but would be additional facts about
vaccines and her personal experience. Just the fact that the USA Today wrote specifically
on the matter intrigues me because the newspaper reaches a wild demographic of readers
and by bringing light to the public and creating a space for discussion would trigger a
“snowball” effect and spark curiosity in those who are unaware of the debate.
The USA Today is a newspaper, which can be biased based on the targeted audience they
usually seek out and the publication’s political view. Being aware of that, I must be
careful in how I interpret the information given to me. Although the article gives no name
of the journalist and no sources I will have to do more research specifically on the autism
community.
I will use this source as a social construct on how the autism community has been
affected by this debate and how they react to criticism from those who don’t agree with
vaccinating children and vice versa.
Deisher, Theresa A. “Findings from Pharmaceutical Institute Broaden Understanding of Autism
(Epidemiologic and Molecular Relationship Between Vaccine Manufacture and Autism
Spectrum Disorder Prevalence.)” Issues in Law & Medicine. Vol. 30 Issue 1, Spring
2015 p47-70. (24p). ILW, doi:
http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.db23.linccweb.org/ehost/detail/detail?vid=12&sid=d6e97085-
f951-447f-a979-a56115006455%40pdc-v-
sessmgr02&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=103161271&db=a9h.
Accessed 22 July 2018.
This article provides a completely scientific viewpoint, discussing the human genome,
vaccines and Autism disorder. All three of these aspects correlate with the controversy,
which adds three other subpoints I can discuss within my essay. By decoding the human
genome, we can grasp a better understanding on inherited genes, mutated genes and
genes that turn “on/off” due to environmental factors. Not only does this source include
scientific knowledge on data within the United States, but as well as Sweden, the UK and
Norway have contributed their research. This article mainly focuses on the human
genome, which is advantageous because Autism primary develops while the child is
developing in the womb. The first few months while the embryo is developing, the genes
a child inherits from their parents will affect the child’s growth and development in
regard to physical characteristics and inheritance of mutated or cancerous genes. By
assessing the public health and its sudden decline in vaccinations, this article provides
another outlook on how Autism can develop and what contributes to its development.
Clarifying this hazardous claim can potentially save individuals and families from
contracting preventable diseases that can be avoided through vaccinations.
I would distinguish this source as highly credible, since it is an article from the “Issues in
Law & Medicine” I can regard this post to have substantial, accurate, updated data. Also,
the data given is not only shown in the article, but as well as in nine graphs and seven
diagrams. A visual interpretation of the data would be a great source to use in my essay.
Since there is a surplus of visual data in the article, I may have to reformat the
charts/graphs or paraphrase them in a way the reader can visual imagine or in a written
academic manor.
I will utilize this source by paraphrasing the charts and graphs. I may also discuss the
human genome within my introduction, so the reader can get a precedent of how Autism
is caused and that this would show no possible link between vaccines and Autism. By
informing the reader on the human genome, vaccines and autism in distinct separate
paragraphs I can tie up my conclusion by overlapping the subjects and deducing that the
primary cause of Autism happens before we are ever vaccinated, which will discredit the
claim.
"Evidence Shows Vaccines Unrelated to Autism." Vaccines ,2015, p117
link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/EJ3010938206/OVIC? u=lincclin_sjrcc&xid=89822cf1.
Accessed 10 July 2018.
Do clinical vaccines correlate to Autism? This source provides substantial research
gathered by the Immunization Action Committee, whom support the claim that vaccines
are not the cause of autism. Although the real cause is not known. Many medical experts
and educated parents have gone on the record to denounce the false claims that
individuals may be diagnosed with autism from annual vaccinations. Other well-
renowned organizations have conducted experiments and provided credible data
disproving negative claims, such as the World Health Organization, European Medicines
Agency, Health Canada and many other prestigious medical groups. This source also
elaborates the importance of vaccinating infants and toddlers and clarifies on how a
child’s immune system is capable of being introduced to foreign bodies and vaccines.
This Affirmative article helped me grasp a more profound medical understanding on
autism. I also regard this source to be highly credible considering the amount of medical
organizations that contributed their data/findings. I don’t believe this source to hold any
bias because when presenting scientific studies, all that is considered is facts pertaining to
the experiment. In which would deduce all the information needed to conclude whether
Autism can be contracted from annual vaccines.
I can utilize this article, specifically the passages discussing the importance of
vaccinations at an early age and using the medical groups as credible, scholarly sources.
Also implementing the sources into my essay.

Pluviano, Sara. “Misinformation lingers in memory: Failure of three pro-vaccination strategies.”

Public Library of Science, Vol. 12 Issue 7, 7/28/2017, p1-15. 15p. PLoS ONE,
10.1371/journal.pone.0181640 http://www.plosone.org/home.action Accessed 24 July
2018.
This article is an abstract from the author’s point of view, which I personally find helpful to
hear for the creator of the article firsthand. The authors acknowledge how the public has
failed or merely ignore the obligation to continuously be proactive when it comes to
personal health and wellness. The author conducted a study to compare three possible ways
to inform the public on vaccination and the difference in health risk/ benefits from those who
do not vaccinate. Kind of following a “myth buster” protocol by trying to debunk any
falsified information that pertains to vaccinations in relation to autism. The study also
evaluated potential side effects 7 days after getting vaccinated. The results deduced that
predominantly most of the information about vaccinations is misunderstood or
misinterpreted by uninformed individuals who usually weren’t vaccinated themselves or use
alternative methods. The author urges everyone to “update” their memories when it pertains
to collective information’s, specifically the importance of getting vaccinated to maintain a
health prosperous life. I would induce that the author’s experiment as useful information
 because she mainly focused on the social response to vaccinations rather than the scientific
purpose like many other studies have implicated.
I also regard this author as highly credible because she affiliates with the Department of
Psychology at the University of Edinburg in England. Which is a very prestigious University
known for extraordinary breakthrough in science, medicine and technology. Since this
article in an abstract from the author’s point of view its imperative that her professional
credentials prove to be substantial or else everything she has said I would be skeptical.
I plan to utilize this article as a social approach rather than scientific. If I keep harping on the
scientific reasoning for vaccination in my essay, the reader might become bored and view
paper as a science lab report rather than a research paper. I will credit the author first, then
move on to state her findings on the social regard to vaccines.

Ragan, Patti, and Diane M. Duffy. "Vaccines in childhood: strategies to address the concerns of
parents: the decline in vaccine-preventable diseases--a consequence of successful
immunization campaigns--may have convinced some parents that these diseases are no
longer a threat." JAAPA-Journal of the American Academy of Physicians Assistants,
Vol. 26, no. 3, 1 March 2013, p. 22. Academic OneFile,
http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A317604794/AONE?u=lincclin_sjrcc&sid=AONE&
xid=a0170082. Accessed 30 July 2018.

This article gives background information on why vaccinations are vital for healthy
growth and development. By giving dates and the year of when vaccines were first
enacted into society and when certain vaccinations were created. This helpful timeline
can give me a time period of how many generations have been effected by vaccinations.
It also gives “vaccination strategies” which describes immunization methods if one
chooses not to vaccinate do to medical conditions. Discusses the public opinion
pertaining to vaccines and the fear of contracting Autism. Elaborated on health care
protocol when vaccinating your family and what to expect. This article encompasses
many outlets that I plan on emphasizing in my essay.
I consider this source credible because the source referenced many health and wellness
agencies along with medical professionals that provided academic opinions on the matter
and disclosed their research. Also this article was published from the Journal of American
Academy of Physicians Assistants which means the authors and sources used are all
composed of accurate, unbiased knowledge pertaining to vaccines and whether there is a
link to autism.
I plan on utilizing this source in my essay when I discuss the background information
about vaccines and why it is important for our personal health and the well-being of
others.
Snyder, Michael. "Vaccines Cause Autism." Behavioral Disorders, Vol.26, no.5, pp.226, 2014,
http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/EJ3010640239/OVIC?u=lincclin_sjrcc&sid=OVIC&
xid=71ade3ea. Accessed 10 July 2018.
Is Autism a direct effect from annual vaccines? This source provides evidences that
supports the controversial claim that vaccines have the potential of causing Autism. The
Center for Disease Control and Prevention display statistics of the number of children
diagnosed with Autism in the past decade. This data provides academic support to the
claim. This sources describes the rise in Autism as an “epidemic” and blames the Mass
Media for broadcasting propaganda that dismisses the correlation between Autism and
Vaccinations. Also, mercury is a contributing factor because thimerosal is a chemical
within vaccinations that contain mercury and mercury could be potential detrimental to
the developing brains of the youth.
This Opposing article gives great insight to the negative repercussions that vaccines can
impose on development. I regard this source as credible due to the Medical agencies that
provided scientific data, which I can induce that the writer, Michael Snyder, as a credible
source. This source does not hold bias due to the writer’s profession. He is an attorney
and commentates on issues regarding the United States, so that means he is redisposed to
analyze any controversial topic in America with honest and factual information.
I may utilize this source when providing data from Medical organizations whom support
the claim that vaccines cause Autism. Also, I can list the other contributing factors that
create doubt when making a connection to vaccines and autism such as propaganda from
Mass Media & the pharmaceutical industry, mercury intake, and the epidemic of Autism
arising from vaccinations.

Stokstad, Erik. "Vaccine-autism link dealt blow." American Association for the Advancement of
Science, vol. 301, no. 5639, 2003, p. 1454+. Opposing Viewpoints In Context,
http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A109355082/OVIC?u=lincclin_sjrcc&sid=OVIC&xi
d=5f5b0d7e. Accessed 22 July 2018.
This peer reviewed journal discusses two studies on mercury within vaccines and their
potential cause on growth and development. By explaining the chemicals within the
vaccines and their purpose, the article goes on to debunk the misleading claims and
preserve the truth that vaccines do not cause Autism. This source list organizations,
Academic Universities, and medical physicians who elaborate the scientific and medical
findings from the two studies. The article does coincide with the positive and negative
possibilities of vaccines, which is beneficial to have in my essay. So that I may be
unbiased to both sides of the argument, but from the research and data collected I am
confident that my analysis will be unbiased, accurate, and valuable to the reader.
Although this is a small source in size of text, the amount of information given is more
than substantial to defend my analysis for the topic.
 I consider this source to be credible. Being that it is subjected a “Science and
Technology” peer reviewed journal, I am assured that the information and sources are
credible and accurate. Although brief, the in-depth article provides outside, professional
and scholarly data that I can contribute within my thesis.
I will utilize this source by acknowledging the medical physicians who spoke out to
confirm that the data collected are often inconclusive and a possible link between autism
and vaccines is hard to find. I may also credit the universities who were listed within the
source and how their findings differ from the others.

"The necessity of vaccines: recent controversies have decreased the uptake of vaccines, which
has led to preventable suffering and deaths. The current skepticism towards vaccines
should be countered with a clear and open education campaign." Nature Reviews
Microbiology, vol. 8, no. 8, 1 May 2018, p. 532. Academic OneFile,
http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A232392393/AONE?u=lincclin_sjrcc&sid=AONE&
xid=e57c4817. Accessed 30 July 2018.

This article acknowledges the recent decline in child vaccinations which results in
preventable illnesses and deaths. Statistics show the rise in “pediatric non- medical
exemptions” with vaccines which results in more cases of preventable illnesses such as
whooping cough, polio and even measles has made a comeback. The modern man has
taken vaccinations for granted and we should remind ourselves of a time when diseases
such as these lead to global epidemics and reduced populations. This article tries to
inform the reader on the possible cause/effect of choosing to not get vaccinated. Many
developing countries still aren’t as advanced as the united states and have yet to provide
its inhabitants with substantial health care commodities that would prolong an
individual’s wellbeing. This article ends with a call to action by encouraging the reader to
educate themselves on vaccines and to become proactive and vaccinate their family.
I regard this article as credible and beneficial for the purpose of my essay. This article
was published by the Nature Reviews Microbiology. This article was also published
earlier this year so I can deduce this information as up-to-date and accurate. It gives me a
different perspective of how long vaccines have been protecting individuals and by what
circumstances should individuals not undergo getting vaccinated if they have conflicting
medical conditions.
I plan on using the research gathered in this article to enhance my knowledge on
vaccinations. Also I will compare the statistics in this article to my other sources and see
which source provided the most dramatic and legible data concluded so that the reader
will recognize the importance of vaccinations and how they came to be.