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Dimension:
Lx = 20 m. tw = 0.4 m.
Ly = 10 m. tr = 0 m.
Hw = 5.3 m.
HL= 5 m.
Weight and Mass Density:
ρc = 2.5 kN‐s2/m4 mass density of concrete
ρL = 0.98 kN‐s2/m4 mass density of liquid
1 Compute masses of walls and roof
Ww = 3264.80 kN
Wr = 0.00 kN
Effective mass coefficient, e along x along y
dimension along seismic load L 20.00 10.00 m.
length to height of liquid ration L/HL 4.00 2.00
e= [0.0151(L/HL)2 ‐ 0.1908(L/HL)+1.021] = ε 0.50 0.70
Effective Mass, We = eWw + Wr We 1630.44 2284.71 kN
2 Equivalent masses of accelerating liquid
WL = 9810.00 kN
Wi = WL tanh [0.866(L/HL)]/0.866 (L/HL) = 2826 5320 kN
Wc = WL 0.264 (L/HL) tanh[(3.16 (HL/L)] = 6821 4758 kN
3 Height to centers of gravity (exclubing base pressure, EBP)
hi = 1.88 1.88 m.
hc = [1‐(cosh(3.16HL/L)‐1)/(3.16(HL/L)sinh(3.16HL/L))]HL = 2.62 2.92 m.
4 Dynamic properties
mw = Hw tw ρc = 5.3 kN‐s2/m2
mi = (Wi/WL)(L/2)HLρL = mi 14.13 13.30 kN‐s2/m2
m = mw + mi = m 19.43 18.60 kN‐s2/m2
hw = 0.50Hw = 2.65 m.
calculate parameters for input to structural model
h = (hwmw + himi)/m = h 2.09 2.10 m.
dimension perpendicular to seismic force, B 10.00 20 m.
q = (mw+mi)/HL g= q 38.13 36.49 kPa
deflection from structural model d 4.05 1.5 mm
wall stiffness, k k = q/d 9413.82 24329.20 kN/m3
ωi = (k/m)1/2 = ωi 22.01 36.17 hz
Ti = 2π/ωi = Ti 0.29 0.17 secs
λ = (3.16g tanh (3.16(HL/L))1/2 = λ 4.517789 5.336318
ωc = λ/(L)1/2 = ωc 1.010208 1.687492 hz
Tc = 2π/ωc = Tc 6.22 3.72 secs
5 Seismic parameters
Importance factor
I = 1.25 Tanks that are part of lifeline system
Soil profile coefficient, S
type S
B 1.2 medium dense to dense or medium stiff to stiff
Response modification factors, Rw
Type of structure
Fixed or hinged‐base along x along y
Rwi (on or above grade )= 2.75 Ci 2.291667 2.291667
Rw (buried) = 4 Cc 0.155101 0.432788
Rwc = 1
7 Dynamic vertical forces
Cv = 1.0 for rectangular tanks
u = ZSCvIb/Rwi = 0.15 b = 2/3 = 0.666667
phy = u qhy qhy = γL (HL‐y)
8 Dynamic force distribution above base
a) Earthquake along x‐axis
Walls parallel to seismic force
qw = 2.50 kPa
Wall perpendicular to seismic force
Trailing Wall
Level Pc(kN) qc (kPa)
5.3 0.00 0
5 72.80 12.13
4.375 70.47 11.46
3.75 68.13 11.09
3.125 65.80 10.72
2.5 63.47 10.34
1.875 61.14 9.97
1.25 58.81 9.60
0.625 56.48 9.22
0 54.15 8.85
Hydrodynamic pressure at bottom of tank
qv = 49.05 kPa
b) Earthquake along y‐axis
Walls parallel to seismic force
qw = 3.50 kPa
Wall perpendicular to seismic force
Trailing Wall
Level Pc(kN) qc (kPa)
5.3 0.00 0
5 185.30 15.44
4.375 169.86 14.21
3.75 154.42 12.97
3.125 138.99 11.74
2.5 123.55 10.50
1.875 108.12 9.27
1.25 92.68 8.03
0.625 77.25 6.80
0 61.81 5.56
Hydrodynamic pressure at bottom of tank
qv = 49.05 kPa