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1. (C) We have
2 − 4 + 6 − 8 + 10 − 12 + 14 2(1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + 5 − 6 + 7) 2
= = .
3 − 6 + 9 − 12 + 15 − 18 + 21 3(1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + 5 − 6 + 7) 3
2. (D) The cost of each day’s pills is 546/14 = 39 dollars. If x denotes the cost of
one green pill, then x + (x − 1) = 39, so x = 20.
3. (A) To minimize the cost, Rose should place the most expensive flowers in the
smallest region, the next most expensive in the second smallest, etc. The areas
of the regions are shown in the figure, so the minimal total cost, in dollars, is
4 7
21 3
5 20
4
15 3
1 6
6 5
Moe cuts about two square feet for each foot he pushes the mower forward, so
he cuts 2(5000) = 10,000 ft2 per hour. Therefore, it takes about 13,500
10,000 = 1.35
hours.
5. (D) The height, length, and diagonal are in the ratio 3 : 4 : 5. The length of the
diagonal is 27, so the horizontal length is
4
(27) = 21.6 inches.
5
67 dimes and 33 nickels indeed produces $8.35. On the other hand, d cannot
be 0, 1, or 2 because then q would not be an integer. Thus the smallest d can
be is 3, leaving q = 16. We check that 16 quarters, 3 dimes, and 81 nickels
also produces $8.35. Thus the largest d can be is 67, the smallest is 3, and the
difference is 64.
8. (E) Let y = ♣(x). Since x ≤ 99, we have y ≤ 18. Thus if ♣(y) = 3, then y = 3
or y = 12. The 3 values of x for which ♣(x) = 3 are 12, 21, and 30, and the 7
values of x for which ♣(x) = 12 are 39, 48, 57, 66, 75, 84, and 93. There are 10
values in all.
f (6) − f (2) 12
= = 3.
6−2 4
Therefore f (12) − f (2) = 3(12 − 2) = 30.
OR
If f (x) = mx + b, then
so m = 3. Hence
10. (B) We may assume that one of the triangles is attached to side AB. The second
triangle can be attached to BC or CD to obtain two non-congruent figures. If
the second triangle is attached to AE or to DE, the figure can be reflected about
the vertical axis of symmetry of the pentagon to obtain one of the two already
counted. Thus the total is two.
11. (C) When it is 1:00 PM it is 60 minutes after noon, but Cassandra’s watch has
recorded only 57 minutes and 36 seconds, that is, 57.6 minutes. Thus when her
watch has recorded t minutes since noon, the actual number of minutes passed
is
60 25
t= t.
57.6 24
Solutions 2003 54th AMC 12 B 4
In particular, when her watch reads 10:00 PM it has recorded 600 minutes past
noon, so the actual number of minutes past noon is
25
(600) = 625,
24
or 10 hours and 25 minutes. Therefore the actual time is 10:25 PM.
12. (D) Among five consecutive odd numbers, at least one is divisible by 3 and
exactly one is divisible by 5, so the product is always divisible by 15. The
cases n = 2, n = 10, and n = 12 demonstrate that no larger common divisor is
possible, since 15 is the greatest common divisor of 3·5·7·9·11, 11·13·15·17·19,
and 13 · 15 · 17 · 19 · 21.
13. (B) Let r be the radius of the sphere and cone, and let h be the height of the
cone. Then the conditions of the problem imply that
µ ¶
3 4 3 1
πr = πr2 h, so h = 3r.
4 3 3
Therefore, the ratio of h to r is 3 : 1.
14. (D) Let H be the foot of the perpendicular from E to DC. Since CD = AB = 5,
F G = 2, and 4F EG is similar to 4AEB, we have
EH 2
= , so 5EH = 2EH + 6,
EH + 3 5
and EH = 2. Hence
1 25
Area(4AEB) = (2 + 3) · 5 = .
2 2
E
D 1 2 C
F H G
3 3
A 5 B
OR
Let I be the foot of the perpendicular from E to AB. Since
we have
AI 1 5 − AI 2
= and = .
EI 3 EI 3
E
D 1 2 C
F G
3 3
AI 5 2AI
A B
I
1 25
Adding gives 5/EI = 1, so EI = 5. The area of the triangle is ·5·5= .
2 2
15. (D) Let O be the intersection of the diagonals of ABEF . Since the octagon
is regular, 4AOB has area 1/8. Since O is the midpoint of AE, 4OAB and
4BOE have the same area. Thus 4ABE has area 1/4, so ABEF has area 1/2.
A B
H C
O
G D
F E
OR
A B
I J C
H
O
G D
L K
F E
1 1 1 1
3
log(xy) = log x + log y = .
5
OR
Solutions 2003 54th AMC 12 B 7
A N B
P Q
O
D C
23. (A) The intercepts occur where sin(1/x) = 0, that is, where x = 1/(kπ) and k
is a nonzero integer. Solving
1
0.0001 < < 0.001
kπ
yields
1000 10, 000
<k< .
π π
Thus the number of x intercepts in (0.0001, 0.001) is
¹ º ¹ º
10, 000 1000
− = 3183 − 318 = 2865,
π π
24. (C) Since the system has exactly one solution, the graphs of the two equations
must intersect at exactly one point. If x < a, the equation y = |x − a| + |x − b| +
|x − c| is equivalent to y = −3x + (a + b + c). By similar calculations we obtain
−3x + (a + b + c), if x < a
−x + (−a + b + c), if a ≤ x < b
y=
x + (−a − b + c), if b ≤ x < c
3x + (−a − b − c), if c ≤ x.
Thus the graph consists of four lines with slopes −3, −1, 1, and 3, and it has
corners at (a, b + c − 2a), (b, c − a), and (c, 2c − a − b).
On the other hand, the graph of 2x + y = 2003 is a line whose slope is −2. If
the graphs intersect at exactly one point, that point must be (a, b + c − 2a).
Therefore
2003 = 2a + (b + c − 2a) = b + c.
Since b < c, the minimum value of c is 1002.
25. (D) We can assume that the circle has its center at (0, 0) and a radius of 1.
Call the three points A, B, and C, and let a, b, and c denote the length of
the counterclockwise arc from (1, 0) to A, B, and C, respectively. Rotating the
circle if necessary, we can also assume that a = π/3. Since b and c are chosen at
random from [0, 2π), the ordered pair (b, c) is chosen at random from a square
with area 4π 2 in the bc-plane. The condition of the problem is met if and only
if
2π 2π π
0<b< , 0<c< , and |b − c| < .
3 3 3
π π
This last inequality is equivalent to b − < c < b + 3 .
3
c
2p
2p
3
2p 2p b
3
The graph of the common solution to these inequalities is the shaded region
shown. The area of this region is
µ ¶ µ ¶2
6 2π
= π 2 /3,
8 3
so the requested probability is
π 2 /3 1
= .
4π 2 12