Programmable Logic

Controllers

PLC Addressing and Basic

Instructions

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-1

Basic addressing
• For the Allen-Bradley PLCs and the simulator
used, the input and output image areas (in
addition to other data) are held in “data files”
• Each “data file” holds information such as
– Discrete input values
– Discrete output values
– Values associated with timers
– Values associated with counters
– Status information
– Etc.

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-2

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 PLC data files

Simulator data files AB PLC data files

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-3

I/O memory mapping

• Basic AB PLC addressing

Data file type Slot number (not used with the simulator)
I – input
O – output
S – status
B – binary
T- timer X1:x.0/0 Bit number
C-counter

Data file number Word number: selects

(can be omitted for the a specific word in
basic data files) a data file

I/O located on the controller (embedded I/O) is slot 0.

I/O added to the controller (expansion I/O) begins with slot 1.
Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-4

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Example Addressing

Digital Digital
CPU Input Output
Module Module Module
(slot 0) (slot 1) (slot 2)
16 inputs 8 outputs

Would occupy Would occupy

addresses addresses
I1:1.0/0 O0:2.0/0
through through
I1:1.0/15 O0:2.0/7

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-5

Basic instructions
• Examine If Closed (XIC)
• Examine If Open (XIO)
• Output Energize (OTE)
• Output Latch (OTL)
• Output Unlatch (OTU)
• One-shot Rising (OSR)

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 Examine if closed (XIC)
• Alternate name: Normally open contact
• Use the XIC instruction in your ladder program to
determine if a bit is on.
– When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is on
(1), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE.
– When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is off
(0), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE.

Instruction symbol
Switch is open

Switch is closed

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-7

Examine if open (XIO)

• Alternate name: Normally closed contact
• Use the XIO instruction in your ladder program to
determine if a bit is off.
– When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is on
(1), then the instruction is evaluated as FALSE.
– When the instruction is executed, if the bit addressed is off
(0), then the instruction is evaluated as TRUE.

Instruction symbol
Switch is open

Switch is closed

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-8

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 Output energize (OTE)
• Alternate name: coil
• This instruction is usually used in conjunction with
XIC or XIO or any other input instruction.
• If the logic preceding the OTE instruction is true (1),
the OTE instruction will be energized
Not energized

Instruction symbol

Energized

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-9

Output latch (OTL)

• The OTL instruction is used only to turn
a bit on and latch it on

Initially not
energized

Instruction symbol
Energized
L
Latched

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-10

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 Output unlatch (OTU)
• The OTU instruction is used only to turn
a bit off and latch it off
• OTL and OTU are generally used in pairs

Instruction symbol

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-11

One-shot rising (OSR)

• When the rung conditions preceding the OSR
go from false-to-true, the OSR instruction
goes true also but for only one scan

Instruction symbol

OSR I:1/0

B3:0/0
One PLC scan
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Branches
• Branches can be inserted in ladder logic programs to
create parallel combinations of various ladder logic
elements

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-13

Multiple Series/Parallel Branches

• Multiple series/parallel branches can be utilized with

multiple inputs and also affecting multiple outputs in
parallel

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-14

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PLC simulator usage
• Ladder logic elements (instructions) can be dragged
and dropped onto the ladder window to create a
ladder logic program
• The ladder logic program is executed by going
online, ‘downloading’ the PLC program, and
switching to run mode

OFFLINE/ONLINE control Download PLC run mode

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-15

ProSim simulations
• The Logixpro simulator provides a set of built-in simulations
• The I/O simulation initially will be of most use since it provides
access to simulated discrete inputs (switches) and outputs
(lamps)

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Other Prosim simulations
• Available simulators
– Door simulator
– Silo simulator
– Traffic simulator
– Batch simulator
– Dual Compressor simulator
– Bottle line simulator
– Four floor elevator simulator
• Most projects will involve designing ladder
logic programs to control these simulations

Electrical & Computer Engineering Dr. D. J. Jackson Lecture 3-17

Batch simulator showing example I/O

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