WATER SUPPLY

1. WATER MAIN refers to the public water system laid underground

along the streets where the house service is connected.

2. GOOSENECK. One end is 0.30M and the other end is 0.90M long.

This prevents the pipe from snapping when the soil settles. [Ushaped?]

3. CORPORATION COCK. A stop valve in a service pipe close to its

connection with a water main.

4. BUSHING . A kind of G.I. fitting used as a reducer from a bigger

diameter to a lesser diameter.

5. UNION. A G.I. fitting which is used when a pipe has already been

installed but dismantling is difficult.

6. Excessive pressure produces a rumbling sound called the WATER

HAMMER . This occurs when a valve is suddenly turned off and causes

the water to stop, forcing the pipes to shake and to reduce this, an

additional 0.30m to 0.90m length of pipe is added to the riser to give

air pressure which absorb it.

7. STREET ELBOW or TEE . A kind of G.I. fitting that has one end

external threads, while the other end has internal threads.

8. To insure no leakage, a G.I. pipe when threaded has to use lead

liquid or TEFLON tape around the thread before tightening the

fittings.

9. uPVC means: UNPLASTICIZED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE pipe .

10. GATE VALVES . This consists of a wedge-shaped plug which is

screwed down to seat between two brass rings surrounding the inlet

pipe so that a double seal is obtained. The inlet and outlet are in a

straight line. This valve is used when a normal fully open or closed

position is desired. Either end may be used as inlet.

11. CHECK VALVES . These valves are used when it is desired that

the flow through a pipe be always in one direction and there is a

possibility of a flow taking place in the opposite direction. One type

has a pivoted flap which is readily pushed open by the pressure of

water from one side but is tightly closed by the force of a reverse

flow.

12. CASING . A material used as a covering, such as a pipe bigger

than the main pipe of a deep well so that the main pipe can be pulled

out for repair.

13. OVERHEAD HEIGHT. This is the vertical distance from the higher

source of water or overhead tank to the outlet (faucets, shower head)

and is distributed by gravity.

14. WATER TABLE. Subsurface conditions of ground water and rock

must be known. Sites with subsurface which are about 1.80m to

2.40m below grade can cause problems with excavations,

foundations, utility placement and landscaping. This is described as

a level underground in which the soil is situated with water.

15. PIPE CHASE. An opening or space to accommodate a group of

pipes.

16. When the water supply of a very tall building is designed as a

unit, the required capacities or tanks, pumps and pipings become

unduly large and excessive pressures are developed in lower portions

of the downfeed risers. The buildings therefore are divided into

horizontal sections or GROUPING, and to design the hot and cold

water supply systems separately for each.