Proposed Project Page:

Address of Project Project No.: 15-0001

Architect Designed: b
Piered Beam PB16
PIERED BEAM V5.00 Demo User

Piers: (Piered Beam PB16) 450mm diameter piers at 2500mm cts

2 Span: Moment ratios - Internal = 0.29, End = 0.17, Shear ratio = 0.70 OK (0.70)
3 Span: Moment ratios - Internal = 0.23, End = 0.20, Shear ratio = 0.59 OK (0.59)
Serv: ds req'd =157mm < 430mm ratio=0.37 OK (0.37)
Min Reinf't: OK (0.75)
Pier capacity:Reaction=68.6kN > Capacity=47.7kN No Good (1.44)

Geometry

Concrete strength (f'c) = 25 MPa

Internal or External = E (i)nternal,(E)xternal
Beam depth (d) = 500 mm
Beam width (w) = 400 mm
Slab thickness (th) = 130 mm (for calculation of minimum steel, use 0 for no slab ie. strip)

Reinforcement
Bottom Reinf't (Ast) = 445 mm² Bottom reinf. cover = 60 mm
Top Reinf't (Asc) = 445 mm² Depth to comp. steel (dc) = 60 mm from top
Slab Reinf't (Ass) = 227 mm² (for calculation of minimum steel)
Steel strength (fsy) = 500 MPa
Reinf't ductility class = L (N)ormal,(L)ow

Piers Clear spacing between piers = 2050 mm

Shape = C (R)ect,(C)ircular,(S)crew Pier area (Pa) = 0.16 m²
Pier diameter (pier) = 450 mm Pier perimeter (Pp) = 1.41 m²
Pier centres (cts) = 2500 mm Pier span (L= cts-0.7*pier) = 2185 mm

Depth below edge beam = 1200 mm Reo Ast Units

Pier density = 18 kN/m³ SL82 227 mm²/m
SL92 290 mm²/m
Foundation 3-L11TM 270 mm²
Allowable bearing pressure = 300 kPa 4-L11TM 360 mm²
Skin friction = 0 kPa 3-L12TM 334 mm²
Pier depth with skin friction = 0 mm 4-L12TM 445 mm²
Loading

Uniform Dead Loads

Roof dead load (wdl) = 0.90 kPa * 3000 mm + kN/m = 2.70 kN/m
Floor dead load (wdl) = 3.00 kPa * 2000 mm + kN/m = 6.00 kN/m
 Wall dead load (wdl) = 2.60 kPa * 2400 mm + kN/m = 6.24 kN/m
Other dead load (wdl) = kPa * mm + kN/m = 0.00 kN/m
Include S.Wt = Y (Y)es,(N)o S.Wt = 5.00 kN/m
Σwdl = 19.94 kN/m
Uniform Live Loads
Roof live load (wll) = 0.25 kPa * 3000 mm + kN/m = 0.75 kN/m
Floor live load (wll) = 1.50 kPa * 2000 mm + kN/m = 3.00 kN/m
Other live load (wll) = kPa * mm + kN/m = 0.00 kN/m
Σwll = 3.75 kN/m
Pier weight (SWp) = 3.44 kN/pier

wdl* = 1.2*wdl = 23.93 kN/m

wll* = 1.5*wll = 5.63 kN/m
w* = 1.2*wdl+1.5*wll = 29.55 kN/m

Moments (pattern loading applied)

2 Spans 3 Spans
M+*(first span) = 10.6 kNm (0.17) 11.9 kNm (0.20)
M-*(first internal) = 17.6 kNm (0.29) 14.1 kNm (0.23)

R*(external) = 25.0 kN 26.4 kN

R*(internal) = 80.7 kN 71.0 kN

V*(first internal LHS) = -39.6 kN -38.1 kN

V*(first internal RHS) = 41.1 kN 32.9 kN
V*(d from face of support) = 21.8 kN (0.70) 18.5 kN (0.59)

Capacity of Footing Beam - Cl 8.1 & 8.2

Positive bending (midspan) Negative bending (over pier)

Depth to tensile reinf't (ds) = 430 mm dc = 440 mm
bef = bf + 0.1*a = 618.5 mm bef = 618.5 mm Cl 8.8.2
Web tens. (αb) = 0.22 Web comp. (αb) = 0.27
Ast.min = αb*(D/ds)²*f'ct.f/fsy*ds*b = 311 mm² Ast.min = 373 mm² T & L (web in comp.) (αb) =
Ast = 445 mm² Asc = 495 mm²
Ratio = (0.70) Ratio = (0.75)

alpha (α2 = 1.00-0.003*f'c) = 0.850 (0.67 ≤ α2 ≤ 0.85) Eq 8.1.3(1)

gamma (γ = 1.05-0.007*f'c) = 0.850 (0.67 ≤ γ ≤ 0.85) Eq 8.1.3(2)
kuo = fsy*Ast/(α2*f'c*γ*ds*bw) = 0.029 kuo = 0.031
ø = 1.19-13*kuo/12 = 0.640 (0.60 ≤ ø ≤ 0.64) Table 2.2.2 for L Class
Design capacity (øMuo) = 60.5 kNm 68.7 kNm Cl 8.1

β1 = 1.1*(1.6-do/1000) ≥ 0.8 = 1.287 Cl 8.2.7.1 1.276 Cl 8.2.7.1

 fcv = f'c¹′³ ≤ 4MPa = 2.92 MPa
Strength reduction factor ø = 0.70 Table 2.2.2
Shear capacity (øVu) = 62.2 kN 62.6 kN
0.5*øVuc = 31.1 kN 31.3 kN
Pier bearing

Continuity factor = 1.10 (1.25 for double span, 1.1 for 3 spans, 1.15 for 4 spans)
Reduce the imposed actions to 50% = N (Y)es/(N)o AS 2870 Cl 1.4.2
Rp = 1.10*(wdl+wll)*cts+SWp = 68.6 kN (1.10 for continuity)

End bearing capacity = 47.7 kN

Side friction capacity = 0.0 kN No Good (1.44)
Total capacity = 47.7 kN
Serviceability - Cl 8.5.4
Warning - Compression steel in tension, Asc ignored for kcs
kcs = 2.00 Cl 8.5.3.2 p = Ast/(bef*ds) = 0.00167
Short term LL (Ψs) = 0.7 AS1170.0 - Table 4.1 pc = Asc/(bef*ds) = 0.00186
Long term LL (Ψl) = 0.4 AS1170.0 - Table 4.1 dc/ds = 0.13953
n = Es / Ec = 7.91
Effective design load (Fd.ef) = 65.45 kN/m NA = 0.149
d. of elasticity (Ec = p¹·⁵*0.043*√fcmi) = 25279 MPa ± 20% Cl 3.1.2 Cracked NA = 64.2 mm

β = bef/bw ≥ 1 = 1.55
k1 = 0.0366 Cl 8.5.4
k2 = 0.0130 5/384 Simple (assumed)
D/Lef = 1/ 250 Table 2.3.2
d> 157 mm Eq 8.5.4 Ratio = (0.37)
Notes:

Top reinforcement:
Total top reinforcement = Asc + (bef-w) * Ass

Pier depth with skin friction:

Care should be taken with the effective
depth of pier taking friction. Refer AS2870 and geotechnical advice.
(Below Hs depth)

Dead load descriptions:

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Live load descriptions:

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Moments, Shears and Reactions:

Using pattern loading tables

Ast.min - Cl 8.1.6.1
Ast ≥ [αb * (D/d)² * f'ct.f / fsy]*(bw*d)
Rectangular (αb) = 0.20
T & L (web in tens.) (αb) = 0.20+(bef/bw-1)*(0.4*Ds/D-0.18) ≥ 0.20*(bef/bw)¹′⁴
T & L (web in comp.) (αb) = 0.20+(bef/bw-1)*(0.25*Ds/D-0.08) ≥ 0.20*(bef/bw)²′³

Moment resisting width - Cl 9.6:

bef = LW+2.4*a*(1-a/L)

Shear capacity- Cl 8.2.7.1

β2 = 1.00
β3 = 1.00
kcs:
Care should be taken in considering any
compression steel as the NA for slabs
generally small.

NA = √[(n*p+(n-1)*pc)²+2*(n*p+(n-1)*pc*dc/ds)]-(n*p+(n-1)*pc) Warner et al

Modulus of elasticity Ec:

Using ρ = 2400kg/m³ (Cl 3.1.3)
and; fcmi = f'c = 25MPa