COMPACT NOTES TO QUESTIONS FREQUENTLY ASKED IN MATHEMATICS PAPER 2

1 SETS
a) Label every region with a number
b) List numbers involved for sets
c) Do operations on sets by following this priority
- Complement in bracket
- � or � in bracket
- Complement for bracket
- � or � outside bracket
d) Shade

2 GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS
a) Make sure all straight lines for inequalities given have been drawn
b) For y = k, draw horizontal straight line
For x = k, draw vertical straight line
For y = mx + c, draw inclined straight line
c) Draw FULL line for �or �while DOTTED line for < or >
d) Shade

3 QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS AND EQUATIONS

a) Expand and rearrange equation to general form
b) Factorise
c) Find solutions to the quadratic equation

4 SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS
a) Decide on which unknown to eliminate first
b) Try to make the coefficient of the unknown to be eliminated identical
c) Perform SUBTRACTION to both equations if the sign of the unknown to be eliminated are the SAME
Perform ADDITION to both equations if the sign of the unknown to be eliminated are DIFFERENT
d) Find value for the unknowns

5 CIRCLES
q
a) Length of arc = �2p r
360
q
b) Area of sectors = �p r 2
360

6 MATHEMATICAL REASONINGS
a) Statements
b) Quantifiers “All” and “Some”
c) Truth value of compound statement “or” and “and”
d) Implications (If p, then q)
(p = Antecedent, q = Consequent) (Converse of If p, then q is If q, then p) (p if and only if q)
e) Arguments
Type 1 P1: All A are B P2: C is A C: C is B
Type 2 P1: If p, then q P2: p is true C: q is true
Type 3 P1: If p, then q P2: p is not true C: q is not true
f) Conclusions by Deduction and Induction
Deduction => Given GENERAL, find SPECIFIC
Induction => Given SPECIFIC, find GENERAL

7 LINES AND PLANES IN 3 DIMENSIONS

a) The angle between line and plane is the angle between the line and the orthogonal projection of the line
on the plane
b) The angle between planes is the angle between the normal of the planes with the line of intersection
between the planes

8 THE STRAIGHT LINE

y2 - y1 / - Positive gradient
a) Gradient of straight line = (Used when involves coordinates of 2 points) \ - Negative gradient
x2 - x1
– - Zero gradient
y -intercept
Gradient of straight line = - (Used when involves intercepts) | - Undefined gradient
x -intercept
b) To find from equation of straight line given the x intercept, sub y with 0
To find from equation of straight line given the y intercept, sub x with 0
c) Finding equation of straight line:
- Horizontal straight line: y = k
- Vertical straight line: x = k
- Inclined straight line: y = mx + c
d) To find the point of intersection between straight lines:
- Draw the straight lines to identify the point of intersection
- Solve the equations of the straight lines simultaneously
e) Two straight lines are parallel when their gradients are equal

9 MATRICES

10 SOLIDS OF GEOMETRY

11 GRADIENT AND AREA UNDER GRAPH

12 PROBABILITY

13 GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS

14 TRANSFORMATIONS

15 STATISTICS

16 PLANS AND ELEVATIONS

17 EARTH AS A SPHERE