21ST CENTURY LITERARY GENRES

HYPERPOETRY
– This genre, also called
cyberpoetry as well as
other names, has many
definitions and, like
hyperfiction, is difficult
to categorize.
– refers to works of verse
(although not necessarily
in lines and stanzas)
which could not be
presented without the
computer.
– includes verse with links
to sub-poems or
footnotes, poetry
“generators,” poetry with
movement or images.
– is usually highly steeped
in the visual and
sometimes involves parts
that are read in varying
orders
– Holopoetry refers to 3-
DIMENSIONAL VISUAL ART that combines words with images using HOLOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE.
– Some readers of HP relate hyperpoetry to concrete poetry (in which meaning is conveyed partly by the
shape formed by the letters and words), prose, poetry, hip-hop, performance art, and other types of
“hybrid” arts.
– E.g. Thom Swiss poems http://bailiwick.lib.uiowa.edu/swiss/directory.htm

TEXTULA
– Mobile phone poetry, using short traditional formal verses like tanaga which has a 7777 syllable count with
rhyme scheme aabb, abab, abba.
– a poetry genre mastered by FRANK RIVERA.
– Entire poems are written and read on mobile phones.
ILLUSTRATED OR GRAPHIC NOVELS
– Textual portions are presented in traditional form
– Some illustrated novels may contain no text at all.
– a longer work or collection of works presented in 'comics' style.
– A graphic novel is a narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using comic form.
– The term is employed in a broad manner, encompassing non-fiction works and thematically linked short
stories as well as fictional stories across a number of genres.

DIFFERENCES GRAPHIC NOVEL COMIC BOOK

Length There is no set length but usually 50 pages and Usually 20 to 24 pages or less
above
Advertisements Do not have advertising Have several pages of ads usually found at the
end or the back covers of the book
Serial vs. They can also Most are serialized. They appear in pieces over
Anthology be anthologies, or collections, of these former a period of time that must be read in sequence
serials, and these are sometimes called 'trade in order to get the full story.
paperbacks' or
simply 'trades.'
DIGI-FICTION
– Is a literary experience
that combines three
media: book,
movie/video, and
internet website.
– In order to get the full
story, students must
engage in navigation,
reading, viewing, in all
three formats.
– Digital fictions are
different from e-books
because they do not just
exist as a digital version
of a print novel, rather,
they are known as “born
digital” – that is, they
would lose something
of their aesthetic and/or structural form and meaning if they were removed from the digital medium.
(https://readingdigitalfiction.com/about/what-is-digital-fiction/)
– they may contain hyperlinks, moving images, mini-
– games or sound effects.
– Unlike e-books in which the reader moves from one page to another in a linear fashion, in many digital
fictions, the reader has a role in constructing the narrative, either by selecting hyperlinks or by controlling
a character’s journey through the storyworld.
– Digital fictions therefore require that the reader interacts with the narrative throughout the reading
experience and include texts such as hypertext fictions, Flash fictions and some video games.
https://readingdigitalfiction.com/about/what-is-digital-fiction/

DOODLE FICTION
– A literary
presentation where
the author
incorporates doodle
drawings and hand
written graphics in
place of traditional
font.
– Drawing enhances
the story, often
adding humorous
elements that would be missing if the illustrations were omitted.

MANGA
– Manga is the Japanese word for comics
– It is used in the English-speaking world as a generic term for all comic books and graphic novels
originally published in Japan.
– Manga is considered an artistic and storytelling style.
– The term “Ameri-Manga” is sometimes used to refer to comics created by American artists in
manga style.
BLOGS, E-MAIL, INSTANT MESSAGING NOVELS
– Stories told almost completely in dialogue simulating social network exchanges

FLASH FICTION
– Fictional literature or fiction of extreme brevity.
– Sometimes called “six-word” short stories
– NEIL GAIMAN – a proponent of flash fiction in the 21st century.
I„m dead. I„ve missed you. Kiss …?
– MARGARET ATWOOD
Longed for him. Got him. Shit.
– ERNEST HEMINGWAY
For sale baby socks, never worn
CHICK LIT
– Addresses issues of modern womanhood, often humorously and light-heartedly

CREATIVE NON-FICTION
– Literary non-fiction or narrative non-fiction

BASIC ELEMENTS OF PROSE (FICTION)

BASIC ELEMENTS OF POETRY