Mapúa Institute of Technology

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering

ME153P/B1
CONTROL SYSTEM ENGINEERING

WRITTEN REPORT ON
PNEUMATICS

EXERCISES 11 TO 15

SUBMITTED BY:
CALIWLIW, JANTZEN BRIX P.
2014100354

SUBMITTED TO:

ENGR. PAULO RAFAEL V. MERIS

April 30, 2017

i
ABSTRACT:
Exercises 11 to 15 is mainly concerned with Pneumatics using a computer software
called: Festo Fluidsm. The 11th exercise talks about a pushing device wherein a system is needed
for pushing items to machining station. The students created a pneumatic system of that pushing
device using Festo itself. The learnings that the students gained would be beneficial for the
upcoming several exercises. In the 12th exercise, a one-way control valve is connected to the
single acting to slower its forward movement compared to its retraction movement. In the 13th
exercise, a quick exhaust valve is added to the system to make its retraction movement be faster.
In the 14th exercise, a double acting cylinder is needed to to use the force of air to move as it
extends and retracts, and as well as the use of 2 one-way control valve. In the last exercise,
which is the 15th exercise, AND valve, two buttons should be pressed simultaneously with the
ctrl button so that the two air supply will connect to the 3 ports thus producing single output of
their pressure.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
1. To be familiar with the basic components of pneumatic systems

2. To construct pneumatic systems to perform specific functions related in

mechanical and manufacturing processes

3. To know the purpose of different valves used in pneumatics

ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i
ABSTRACT ii
GENERAL OBJECTIVES ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
EXERCISE NO. 11: 5
Problem Statement 5
Objective 5
Solution 5
Discussion 6
Conclusion 6
EXERCISE NO. 12: 7
Problem Statement 7
Objective 7
Solution 8
Discussion 8
Conclusion 8
EXERCISE NO. 13: 9
Problem Statement 9
Objective 9
Solution 9
Discussion 10
Conclusion 10
EXERCISE NO. 14: 10
Problem Statement 10
Objective 10
Solution 11
iii
 Discussion 11
Conclusion 11
EXERCISE NO. 15: 12
Problem Statement 12
Objective 12
Solution 12
Discussion 13
Conclusion 13
REFERENCES 12

iv
EXERCISE NO. 11: PUSHING DEVICE

Problem Statement

Several pushing devices are found in the fields of manufacturing and construction areas,
which are designed for machining stations alone. Thus, a system is needed to made. The figure
below shows an example of a pushing device.

Figure 1. Pushing Device

Objective:
This exercise wanted the students to create a pneumatic system of a pushing device that
can transfer different loads.
Solution

Figure 2. Pneumatic System Control Valve

5
Discussion:
This exercise involves Pneumatic Systems: the use of Actuators that creates
motion, which can be applied on computer software called Fluidsm. The professor
instructed his students about the different components symbol inside in this software. In
solving the problem stated above, the students add the air supply first, which has a symbol
of triangle. Second, the students added an air service unit. It has three parts namely: air
filter (used for preventing air contamination), Pressure regulator (used for pressure
regulation), and Gage or Manometer (used for displaying air pressure). The valve used is
a three over two way valve, in which the numerator and the denominator correspond to
the number of ports and the number of positions respectively. Next is the students
considered the reciprocating cylinders that will be used. The working fluid will act on one
side of the piston if a single-acting cylinder is used; otherwise, it is a double-acting
cylinder. Lastly, the students started the simulation process

Conclusion:
The student concludes that each component in the Festo Fluidsim corresponds
to every role in building a pushing device. It is presented and discussed in order to build
the system properly and simulate it as well. Lastly, the student concludes that it would be
essential to simulate it first in the software before building it in the field so that it will
much safer and to save resources.

6
EXERCISE NO. 12: SORTING DEVICE
Problem Statement
Sorting devices are vital in businesses producing goods and offering services
especially those in the manufacturing areas. Sortation, on the other hand, Sortation is an
effective solution for separating products from the conveyor. To catch it effectiveness,
sorting system must push the goods slower as compared to its retraction period. An
example of a sorting device is shown below

Figure 3. Sorting Illustration

Objective
The objective of this exercise is to create a pneumatic system of a sorting
device that would separate products from the conveyor with several modifications:
slower movement rate, faster retraction period.

7
Solution

Figure 4. The Pneumatic System for sorting device

Discussion:
This exercise involves the usage of one-way control valve. It is used for controlling one
flow alone, and to make the movement slower. The components presented were completely
closed throttle valve, partially open-partially closed throttle valve, and completely open throttle
valve; and the check valve that only allows a uniform (one) directional flow. The students
proceed with the simulation of the pneumatic system after ensuring its connection.

Conclusion
The student concludes that to make the movement of the cylinder slower, adjusting the
opening level of the valve will do the trick. At the end, the students achieved to construct a
pneumatic system for sorting devices successfully and efficiently provided that the instructor
effectively taught his students on how to do such.

8
EXERCISE NO. 13: TRANSFERRING DEVICE
Problem Statement
In a manufacturing process, there is a need for transferring devices at a slower rate, but
at a faster retraction rate. This concept is seen on several manufacturing plants. The figure below
shows how a unit is being transferred.

Figure 5. Transferring Device

Objective
To be able to create a pneumatic system for a transferring device having a slower
movement rate, but having a faster retraction movement, with the aid of different tools in
Fluidsm.

Solution

9
 Figure 6. Pneumatic System of Transferring Device

Discussion
This exercise involves pushing a device at a slower rate but at a faster retraction period.
In doing such, same schematic will be used from the previous exercise, but a quick exhaust valve
will be added to make the retraction movement faster. Once again, the one-way control valve
controls the rate of transferring period. After connecting all the components, the students
proceeded with the simulation of the pneumatic system.

Conclusion
The objectives of this exercise were successfully achieved (e.g. the design and the
construction of the pneumatic system). This exercise is essential in manufacturing industries for
ensuring safety of the workers and as well as the efficiency of that manufacturing plant.

EXERCISE NO. 14: Separating Device

Problem Statement
Separating devices are commonly found and used in several manufacturing areas. The
students are tasked to create a pneumatic system wherein to separate materials by having a
slower upward movement rate than its downward movement rate. The figure below shows an
illustration of separating device.

10
 Figure 7. Illustration of separating device
Objective
The objective of this exercise is to create a pneumatic system of a separating device
having a slower upward movement rate, but a faster downward movement rate.

Solution

Figure 8. Pneumatic System of separating device

11
Discussion
This exercise involves an upward and downward movement in which the upward
movement rate is slower than the downward movement rate. In this exercise, the students used
two different valves which are three-over-two-way valve and a five-over-two-way valve and
each valve has different opening levels. The reason behind is in the ideal system and each
direction has different speeds. The cylinder used is change. The arrow direction must be pointed
downward. The students then connected the components and proceeded with the simulation of
the pneumatic system.

Conclusion
The students successfully achieved the objectives of this exercise. The system will run
accordingly with proper movement and speed. This exercise would also be helpful in the
manufacturing field that involves manufacturing processes (delivering goods)

EXERCISE NO. 15: Folding Device

The students were able to see the process of flattening a sheet of metal during their
Machine Shop 2 course. In this exercise, the students are tasked to create a device that can fold a
flat sheet metal having a fast downward motion, but a slower retraction motion. This device will
also be needing a two-push buttons. An example of an illustration of a folding device is shown
below.

Figure 9. Folding Device illustration

12
Objective
The objective of this exercise is to create a pneumatic system of a folding device that
can fold a flat sheet metal having a fast downward motion, but a slow retraction period. This is
essential in manufacturing areas rendering metals.

Solution

Figure 10. Pneumatic System of a folding device

Discussion
The folding device must have a fast-downward motion which will be needing a quick
exhaust valve and smooth exhaust for retraction which will be using one way control valve. The
or & and logic is presented. The two-pressure valve and logic presented that two buttons should
be pressed simultaneously for safety purposes. Thus, pressing the control button will do the trick.
The shuttle which is the “or” logic is any of the two buttons can be pressed for the alternative
purposes if one button is damaged. The students then connected the components and proceeded
with the simulation.

Conclusion
The objectives of this exercise were achieved successfully. This exercises would be
beneficial for future references because pressing the two buttons, a folding device will
immediately work without worrying if this would fail or not.

13
REFERENCES
Lopena, Jerome D. (n.d). Control Systems Engineering Laboratory Manual.

14