DIVISION 3 : CONCRETE

SECTION 03100 : CONCRETE FORM WORK

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Work of this Section, as shown or specified, shall be in accordance with the requirements of the
whole set of the Contract Documents.

B. All concrete Formwork shall be accordance with ACI 347

C. The design and engineering of the formwork, as well as its construction, number and locations
of form ties, shoring, reshoring, and removal of forms, and provisions for a safe structure, and
insuring safety life and property shall be the sole responsibility of the Main Contractor.

1.2. SCOPE OF WORK

A. Work Included
This section shall includes of design, construction, erection, and removal of all concretes form
work and shoring for all Cast-in-place concrete as required and specified herein after.

B. Work Not Included

Concrete lintels and stiffener use for reinforcing masonry work.

C. Related Work

1. Cast-in-Place concrete, refer to Section 03300

1.3. REFERENCES

A. The work described in this section, unless otherwise noted on the. Drawings or herein specified,
shall confirm to the latest editions of the following Codes, standards or Specifications :
1. ACI 301, Specification for Structural Concrete of Building
2. ACI 318, Building Code requirements for Reinforced Concrete Building
3. ACI 347, Recommended Practice for Concrete Formwork

1.4. SUBMITTALS

The following submittals shall be performed by the Contractor in accordance with the agreed
schedule for submission and with such promptness as to cause no delay in his own work nor in
that of any other contractor or subcontractor.

A. Manufacturer's Data :
Manufacturer's product data on materials should be submitted by the contractor.

B. Shop Drawing : Indicate form work system as bracing and shoring arrangements, methods of
aligning forms, grades of all forming materials, form work circulation.
The shop drawing shall be submitted to the Engineer four weeks before execution for their
review. Only shop drawing of form work for exposed concrete need approval from the architect.

C. Sample : Form ties with cone.

PT AIRMAS ASRI S03100 - 1 TILAL PHASE 3, MUSCAT - OMAN

PART 2 MATERIALS & PRODUCTS

Materials and accessories shall be provided as required to form and support the work, and to
produce the type of concrete surface finishes, as shown and specified.

2.1. DESIGN OF FORMS

A. Engineer :
Design of formwork shall be by a licensed professional engineer employed by the Main
Contractor.

B. Design :

Forms shall be designed to withstand applicable hydrostatic pressure of concrete plus dead
weight, construction loads and vibrations from vibration equipment. Maximum deflection of form
facing material between studs as well as deflection of studs and walers shall be limited to 1/240
of the span length at the mid-point between supports. Adequate supports for external vibrators,
if used, shall be built into the forms and so designed and attached so as to properly distribute
the vibrations throughout the form without excessive conceptrations.

C. Earthcuts :
Do not use earthcuts for forms of vertical surface, unless approved by the Architect/Engineer or
unless shown on the drawings.

2.2. FORMS FOR EXPOSED CONCRETE FINISH

A. Plastic-Faced Plywood Forms (Smooth Finish and Painted Finish).

Use full size sheets. Joint pattern and tie pattern shall be uniform and symmetrical. Mitre edges
of forms at changes in plane of contract surface so as not to expose form and grain. Facenail
contract material to support in material pattern with ring shank, flat head nails, in pattern
approved by the Architect/Engineer.

B. Form Panel Joints for Exposed Concrete - Joint between form panels shall be tightly butted to
prevent leakage of grout or fines and shall be strengthened with back-up framing to maintain
contract faces of adjacent panels in the same plane. Use form gaskets at joints in the same
plane. Place form gaskets at the contract edge of the joint, but do not project into the form
where necessary cut off any projection prior to placement of concrete. Use form gaskets
between hardened exposed concrete and form panels to prevent leakage of grout of fines from
new concrete four into surface of previous concrete pour. Patching forms will not be allowed.

C. For Exposed Concrete Locate Form-Ties Symmetrically in level horizontal rows and plumbed
vertically. The Main Contractor shall be responsible for exact location and number of form ties,
but coordinate variations of form ties shall be maintained free of rust and damage. Holes for
form ties in contract faces of forms shall be undersized to assure watertight condition around tie.
Drill for tie holes from contact side of form. Reinforce form corners with steel angle and bolt
clamps at each horizontal water

2.3. BOARD FORM CONCRETE FINISH

A. This form shall be constructed from kiln dried boards, with 8 cm nominal with and 3 mm beveled
edges. All boards shall be free of large or loose knots, checks, shakes, holes and other similar
items.

B. Basic layout of board shall be vertical as indicated on the Drawings. The form boards shall be
full height of columns, walls and surfaces in the same plane without horizontal joints of splices,
with end joints occuring only at recesses, corners and changes in plane.

PT AIRMAS ASRI S03100 - 2 TILAL PHASE 3, MUSCAT - OMAN

 C. Provide plywood backer over board form for stability and to prevent loose of mortar. Board form
shall be secured to plywood backer with finish nails driven flush. Nailing patern shall be uniform
and consistent as approved by the Engineer.

2.4. FORMS FOR UNEXPOSED CONCRETE

A. Forms for unexposed concrete shall be metal, plywood or other approved material, free from
holes or large knots. Lumber shall be dressed at least one side and two edges.

B. Provide a sufficiently rough surface to obtain bond where concrete is indicated to receive full
thickness plaster or mortar set veneer materials.

2.5. STUDS, WALES AND SUPPORTS

The contractor shall be responsible, that the studs, wales and supports are stabil and sufficient
to resist all imposed and construction loads.

2.6. WOOD STRIPS

Wood strips shall be needed for forming joint strip and chamfer.

2.7. FORM COATING

A. Form coating for smooth finish concrete shall be non grain raising and non staining type, that
will not leave residual matter on surface of concrete or adversely affect proper bonding of paint,
plaster, mortar or other finish material applied to concrete surfaces.

B. Provide a form oil (concrete release agent) specifically manufactured for metal forms, when
these are used. Apply coating in conformity with manufacturer's specifications, before
reinforcing steel is placed or before forms are in place.

2.8. FORM TIES

A. Form ties shall be prefabricated rod or flat band type, or threaded internal disconnecting type, of
sufficient tensile capacity to resist all imposed loads of freshly placed concrete, and having
external holding devices of adequate bearing areas.

B. Ties for used in general concrete locate at contractor's option.

C. Ties for use in exposed concrete surfaces shall be the cone snap off type, cone shape shall be
2.5 cm maximum diameter at concrete face with 3.8 cm depth to snap joint. Ties shall be
aligned both horizontally and vertically in the forms, as shown on the Drawings or otherwise
approved by the Engineer.

2.9. METAL INSERTS

Metal inserts for anchorage of other materials or equipment to concrete construction shall be
provided as required in the work.

A. Threaded Inserts
This inserts shall be eastor meleable iron, furnished complete with full depth bolts, as approved
by the Engineer.

PT AIRMAS ASRI S03100 - 3 TILAL PHASE 3, MUSCAT - OMAN

 B. Ceiling Inserts
Ceiling inserts for anchoring hangers supporting suspended ceiling construction hangers shall
be galvanized, of a type acceptable to the Engineer.

C. Dovetail Slots
Dovetail slots shall be of heavier galvanized steel, formed to accept steel dovetail anchor
specified under Masonry work. Slots shall be filled with an easily removed filler material to
exclude intrusion of mortar.

D. Reglets
Reglets shall be formed of sheet metal of the same type and gauge as the flashing to be built
into the reglet, except, where aluminium flashing of bituminous membranes are terminated in
reglets.

2.10. EMBEDDED PIPING AND ROUGH HARDWARE :

A. All trades which require openings for the passage of pipes, conduits, ducts and other inserts
shall be consulted, The installation of all the necessary pipe sleeves, anchors or other required
inserts is the Contractor's responsibility. Openings in the floors and walls required by other
trades shall be reinforced as required. Install accessories per applicable manufacturer's
instructions, level and plumb. Ensure items are not disturbed during concrete placement.

B. Conduits and/or pipes

Conduits and/or pipes shall be located so as to reduce the strength of the construction, and in
no case shall pipes Conduit and/or pipes buried in a concrete slab shall not have an outside
diameter greater than 1/3 of the thickness of the slab nor be placed below bottom reinforcing
steel, nor over top reinforcing steel, and shall be in the center 1/3 of the slab. Clear spacing
between adjacent conduits and/or pipes shall be as large possible but not less than four
diameters of 10 cm minimum.

C. Pipe sleeves
Pipe sleeves may pass through slabs or walls, provided that they are not exposed to rusting or
other deterioration and are of uncoated or galvanized iron or steel. Sleeves shall be large
enough to pass any hub or coupling on the pipe line. Spacing of sleeves shall be not less than 4
sleeve diameters center to center.

E. Conduits
Conduits may be embedded in walls provided they are not larger in outside diameter than 1/3
the thickness of the wall, are not spaced closer than four diameters on center or 10 cm
minimum and do not impair the strength of the structure.

2.11. MATERIAL DELIVERY AND STORAGE

Form material shall be delivered to job site as far in advance of its use as is practical, and shall
be carefully stacked clear of this ground in such manner as to facilitate air drying.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1. GENERAL REQUIREMENT

A. Formwork shall be observed continuously while concrete is being placed to see that there are
no changes of elevation, plumbness, or cember. If during construction, any weakness develops
and falsework shows settlement of distortion, the work shall be stopped, the affected
construction removed if permanently damaged, and the falsework strengthened as necessary to
eliminate further settlement or distortion.

PT AIRMAS ASRI S03100 - 4 TILAL PHASE 3, MUSCAT - OMAN

 B. Design forms for easy removal to eliminate damage to concrete when form are removed.

C Arrange forms to allow stripping without removing principal shores required to remain in place.

3.2. INSTALLATION

A. Forms shall conform to the lines, dimension, and shapes of concrete indicated on the Drawings;
providing for openings, drips, keys, slots, beam pockets, recesses, chamfers, and projections as
required.

B. Forms shall be constructed of low moisture content material, watertight, and properly tied
together and braced to maintain position and shape and to prevent bulging, deflections and
pillowing between form supports.

C. Accurately locate by means of surveying instruments.

D. Lay out work in strict accordance with the Drawings and be responsible for correct location of
same. Offsets in any least two pre-established benchmarks and axis lines and individually
correct for length and width.

E. Align and correspond all exposed concrete joints, vertically and horizontally, including
construction joints, unless otherwise shown.

F. Tolerances for General Concrete - Conform ACI-347.2.4.1. "Tolerances for Reinforced Concrete
Buildings".

G. Forms shall provide a uniform texture in the exposed concrete surface.

H. Assemble forms in such a manner so as to facilitate ease of form removal not damage exposed
finishes.

I. Columns may be formed and poured (only up to the bottom of beams above) as soon as the
supporting floor slab has attained its initial set. However, no floor beams or slabs are to be
formed or poured until the floor beams below have been tensioned completely.

J. In the erection of the reinforced concrete frame construction, the Main Contractor shall ensure
that no part of the Vertical members is out of plumb more than plus or minus 10 mm.

3.3. FORM TIES

Form ties shall be in such places and at such intervals as to securely hold the forms in position
during the placing of concrete, and to withstand the weight and pressure of the wet concrete.

3.4. WOOD STRIPS, BLOCKING AND MOULDINGS

Place in the forms wood strips, blocking, mouldings, nailers, etc. as required to produce the
finished profiles and surfaces shown on the Drawings and to provide nailing for wood members
of other features required to be attached to concrete surfaces in such manner. Coat wood strips,
blocking. and moulding with release agent.

3.5. CHAMFERS

Chamfer strips shall be where shown on the Architectural Drawings only.

PT AIRMAS ASRI S03100 - 5 TILAL PHASE 3, MUSCAT - OMAN

3.6. RELEASE AGENT

Treat forms with release agent before reinforcing steel is placed. Wipe excess off to leave
surface of forms just oily to touch. Assure that release agent is not applied to reinforcing steel
nor allowed to contact hardened concrete against which fresh concrete will be placed. Do not
apply release agent where concrete surfaces are scheduled to receive special finishes and/or
applied coverings which may be affected by agent.

3.7. JOINT TREATMENT

Gasket, plug, tape or caulk joints, gaps and apertures in exposed concrete forms to positively
prevent leakage. Form joints allowed only where indicated on shop drawings. Where possible,
locate joints behind rustications. Apply joint treatment within 24 hours of scheduled pour.

3.8. CLEANOUTS

A. For General Concrete (including forms for unexposed surfaces of painted concrete). Provide
sufficient cleanout openings at the base of column forms and all forms and at other point where
necessary to facilitate cleaning and observation of interior of forms prior to placing of concrete.
Location of cleanout opening subject to the Architect's / Engineer's approval.

B. For Exposed Concrete same as for General Concrete, except that no cleanout openings will be
permitted in exposed concrete forms for exposed surfaces without the Architect's / Engineer's
approval where forms enclose an exposed concrete section with exposed surfaces on both
sides, full-height removable form sections shall be provided as approved by the Architect /
Engineer.

3.9. INSERT AND ACCESSORIES

A. Make provisions for required installation or accessories, bolts, hangers, sleeves, anchor slots
and insert cast in concrete.

B. Obtain templates or instructions for installation of items.

C. Place expansion joint fillers where detailed.

3.10. WALLS

Construct concrete walls to the heights, thickness and profiles shown on the Drawings. Provide
temporary openings at the bottom of all wall forms to facilitate cleaning and inspection. Close
such openings securely, immediately in advance of pouring concrete in the wall forms. Provide
appropriate keys and haunches in walls to receive edges of concrete floors.

3.11. WATERSTOPS

Provide continuous water stops joints exposed to soil or water below grade and where shown
on the Drawings. Position water stops accurately and support against displacement. Splice
section watertight in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations.

3.12. COLUMNS

Columns shall be of the sizes and shapes shown on the Drawings. Provide temporary openings
at the bottom of all column forms to facilitate cleaning and inspection, and close the same
securely before pouring concrete.

PT AIRMAS ASRI S03100 - 6 TILAL PHASE 3, MUSCAT - OMAN

3.13. SLABS AND BEAMS

A. Form all openings in concrete slabs as required for the vertical passage of ducts, pipes,
conduits, etc.

B. Camber soffits as shown on drawings. Provide suitable jacks, wedges or similar means to
induce camber and to take any settlement in formwork, either before or during placing of
concrete.

3.14. FORM REMOVAL AND RESHORING

A. Carefully loosten complete sections of form which can be removed without exerting pressure or
stresses against corners, offsets or reveals. Carefully remove form ties. Prying against
architectural or exposed concrete surface with tools of any description is not permitted. Protect
all sharp edges of concrete and in general maintain integrity.

B. Clean exposed concrete forms immediately upon removal in a manner which does not damage
the contact surface.

C. Reshoring - Immediately after removal of forms, fully reshore all slabs and beams to at least
three floors below. Reshores shall remain in place until the concrete has reached its specified
28 days compressive strength, Verify strength with test cubes at the Main Contractor expense.

3.15. RE-USE

A. Plywood : Before re-use of plywood forms, thoroughly clean, sand and recoat with form coating.
Do not re-use plywood that has torn grain, patches, worn edges, damaged phenolic resin
covered surfaces or other defects which would impair texture of finished surface.

B. Other Wood Forms : Prepare for re-use by thorough cleaning and recoat with form coating.
Repair damaged forms and replace loose or damaged boards.

C. In order that re-used forms will not contain patches resulting from alterations, forms for concrete
exposed-to-view shall be re-used only on identical sections. Forms shall not be reused if there
is any evidence of surface wear or tear which would impair the quality of the exposed-to-view
concrete.

3.16. MISCELLANEOUS

A. Construct forms for any and all items of concrete work required for or in connection with the
satisfactory completion of the project, whether each such item is specifically shown or referred
to or not.

B. Do not sleeve any column or beams unless such sleeves are indicated on the Structural
Drawings or the Concrete Skeleton Drawings.

- END OF SECTION -

PT AIRMAS ASRI S03100 - 7 TILAL PHASE 3, MUSCAT - OMAN