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INTRODUCTION
‘Taro’ is the common name of genus Colocasia, often
described as ‘Elephant’s ear’ is an evergreen,
perennial plant that produces a cluster of leaves with a
long, erect petioles, growing from 40 – 200cm tall
from a large, tuberous rootstock. This species is
considered as a very important, staple food crop in
many parts of the tropics, with a long history of
Figure 1: Colacassiaesculenta
cultivation. It prefers humid, lowland tropical regions.
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
Medicinal values
➢ The plant possess antibacterial properties
➢ The extract of leaves is drunk to promote
menstruation
➢ The extract is taken to relieve stomach problems
and to treat cysts
➢ The sap of the leaf stalk is used in treating
conjunctivitis
➢ The plant is used to treat wounds.
➢ The leaves are rich in nutrients such as Calcium,
Phosphorous and Iron; minerals and vitamins like
C, Riboflavin, Thiamine, Niacin.
➢ Fresh edible leaves of the selected plant are rich
source of protein, ascorbic acid, fibres.
With all the above medicinal properties, the plant also
contains calcium oxalate crystals which are
`
responsible for causing an extremely unpleasant
sensation similar to needles being stuck into the
Figure 2: PLANT AUTHENTICATION
mouth and tongue if they are eaten, hence, the leaves
can be neutralized by drying or cooking thoroughly or
by steeping it in water.
PHYTOACTIVES:
Pharmocological importance of plants has been
gaining attention due to zero toxicity and less
expense. Potential components from various parts of
th plants have been identified and their extract is used
for the formulation of drugs. Modern clinical drugs
includes the use of natural extract’s origin which
possess the presence of phytoactives such as
Alkaloids, Glycosides, Proteins, Carbohydrates,
Lipids, Fats and Oils because of which they are
known for the lower incidence of the adverse effects
Figure 3: COLLECTEDPLANT SPECIES
caused by the drugs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS PLANT EXTRACTION:
Specimen collection: The leaves were subjected to extraction using water
The plant samples were collected from Shettyhalli and ethanol as solvents at room temperature using
village, SakleshpuraTaluk, Hassan district, Soxhlet apparatus where in the collected extracts were
Karnatakaand authenticated in Regional Ayurveda stored at 4 °C until use.
Institute for Metabolic Disorders, Govt. of India in
order to confirm the plant species. The leaves as the QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF
sample were excised from the collected plant. PHYTOACTIVE:
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
added .The formation of reddish brown precipitate yellow color precipitate indicates the presence of
indicated the presence of alkaloids. tannins and Phenolic compounds.
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
it to stand for 10 min. Then 0.5 ml of Folin-Ciocalteau S%Antioxidant activity = (Control Absorbance
reagent was added and incubated in dark for 30 min. Sample Absorbance) x100
The intensity of the colour developed was read at 660 Control Absorbance
nm .
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL REDUCING
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PHENOLICS POWER
Ten micro litre aliquots of the extracts (2 mg/2 ml) 1ml of the extract (1mg/ml) was mixed with 1ml of
was taken in test tubes and made up to the volume of 200mM of sodium phosphate buffer (рH- 6.6) and1ml
1 ml with distilled water. Then 0.5 ml of Folin- of 1% potassium ferricyanide. The mixture was
Ciocalteu phenol reagent (1:1 with water) and 2.5 ml incubated at 50°C for 20 min and 1ml of 10%
of sodium carbonate solution (20%) were added trichloroacetic acid (w/v) was added. The mixture was
sequentially in each tube. Soon after vortexing the centrifuged at 2000rpm for 10min. The upper layer
reaction mixture, the test tubes were placed in dark for solution (2.5ml) was mixed with 2.5ml of double
40 min and the absorbance was recorded at 725 nm deionised water and 1ml of fresh ferric chloride
against the reagent blank. The analysis was performed solution (0.1%). The absorbance was measured at
in triplicate and the results were expressed as tannic 700nm. A higher absorbance indicated a higher
acid equivalents. reducing power.
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
On the whole, the Colocasia esculenta extracts From the graph, the total flavonoids were estimated in
showed positive results in the analysis of both the extracts and found to be 30.6 mg/ml in
phytochemicals where the saponins and oils were ethanol and 28.7 mg/ml in water extract.
absent in the extract and tannins were absent; all the
other phytochemicals showed their presence in both REDUCING POWER ASSAY:
the extracts which proved the ability of the plant It is a measure of antioxidant activity to reduce other
extracts to perform wide range of defense substances, or the environment. and reduce to other
mechanisms. substances means addition of hydrogen and removal
of oxygen and also gain of electron.
Graph 1: Graph showing the Total Flavonoids Graph 3: Graph showing the Total Phenolics
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
From the graph, total phenolics was estimated in both From the graph, total proteins were estimated in both
the extracts and found to be almost the same of about the extracts as 199mg/ml in ethanol and 182 mg/ml in
26mg/ml in ethanol and 25 mg/ml in water extract. water extract.
PROTEIN ESTIMATION:
Proteins are the most complex and abundant of the
macro molecules. Within cells, many proteins Graph 6: Graph showing the Total Carbohydrates
function as enzymes in the catalysis of metabolic
reactions From the graph, total proteins were estimated in both
the extracts as 155.7 mg/ml in ethanol and 134.6
mg/ml in water extract.
CONCLUSION:
In the selected plant, the antioxidant and
phytochemicals were found to be maximum, which
paves way for the antioxidant enzymes activity in
order to prove the therapeutic importance. This leaves
extract was found to possess inhibitory effect against
three microbes. Further investigations on this leaves
extract can reveal various biological mechanisms
present in them.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors record their sincere thanks to Chairman
Graph 5: Graph showing the Total Proteins
and Faculties of Department of Biotechnology and
Microbiology. Many thanks to Shri. Gopala Krishna
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International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
Bhat, Retd. Prof. Udupi, Mrs. PrasannaBhat, Udupi, 3. Prasan R. Bhandari, Mohammad
Dr. Rama Rao, Regional Ayurveda Research Institute AmeeruddinKamdod, “Emblicaofficinalis(Amla):
for Metabolic Disorders, Bengaluru for their timely A review of potential therapeutic applications”,
support. A special thanks to Dr. V. Palani, Managing Ind. J. Green Pharm., 2012, 257-269
Director, Founder and Managing Director of Genewin 4. Bhattacharya A, Chatterjee A, Ghosal S,
Biotech, Hosur and Ms. Parvathy. S, R and D Bhattacharya SK, “Antioxidant activity of active
Manager for their support throughout the work. tannoid principles of Emblicaofficinalis (amla)”,
Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 37 (7), 1999, 676 – 680.
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