And A is incorrectly labeled.

What's shown is a plane joint, which permits gliding,

and not a pivot joint, which would allow rotation.
We'll be spending most of the rest of this module on ball-and-socket joints
because they're the most mobile of the synovial joints,
and any motion that occurs at any joint occurs at a ball-and-socket joint.
So examples of ball-and-socket joints would
be the shoulder joint and the hip joint.
Bone socket joints permit motion in all three axes,
and the axes will be flexion and extension, abduction adduction,
internal rotation and external rotation.
Here is a skeleton, and the skeleton is demonstrating
for you flexion at the shoulder joint.
Flexion occurs when the angle between the bones meeting at a joint decreases.
The angle between them becomes more acute.
So this is an example of shoulder flexion.
By contrast, extension occurs when the angle between the bones
meeting at the joint increases or becomes more obtuse.
And here, the skeleton is demonstrating shoulder extension for you.
At the shoulder, the angles between the bones
actually don't seem all that different.
It's a little arbitrary at the shoulder.
The angulation between the bones is not all that conspicuous.
Looking at the skeleton from the interior aspect,
abduction occurs when a limb or limb segment moves away
from the body midline.
And abduction occurs when a limb or limb segment moves toward the body midline.
So abduction, away from midline.
Adduction, toward the midline.
Internal rotation occurs when a limb or limb
segment turns around the longitudinal axis toward the midline.
So in this case, the upper lamb is turning around at the shoulder joint
so that the hand-- instead of facing the palm, instead of facing anteriorly--
will now face posteriorly.
So internal rotation is occurring at the shoulder joint.

External rotation occurs when a limb or limb segment turns around

the long axis away from the midline.
So in this case, it would be returning to standard anatomical position.
So the shoulder joint, in an example of a ball-and-socket joint,
allows motion in three axes-- flexion and extension, abduction and adduction,
internal rotation and external rotation.
A hinged joint permits motion in only one axis.
So at a hinge joint, like the elbow joint or the knee,
the only motions allowed are flexion and extension.
Here, the skeleton is demonstrating flexion at the elbow.
And again, flexion occurs when the angle between the bones meeting at the joint
decreases or becomes more acute.
Again, extension occurs when the angle between the bones meeting at the joint
increases or becomes more obtuse.
Flexion and extension are the only motions possible at hinge joints,
like the elbow and like the knee.
So your quiz question is-- so based on what you just
learned about the shoulder joint, which statement best
describes the motion occurring at the hip joint?