A.

Wall Properties

Materials Characteristics of the material

in the Wall
Type of Material Thermal Thickness, t, m

Conductivity, k, W/m-

Concrete Exterior 0.7786 0.154

Wallboard Insulation 0.04902 0.070

Asbestos – Sheathing 0.1247 0.013

cement

White pine Interior .1514 0.013

According to: Thermodynamics by V.M. Faires and C.M.Simmang, 6th Edition, Chapter 19,
Heat

Computation

A. Total Resistance

For the wall Composition:

Outside Air Film (moving air, cooling season)

𝑚2 −𝐾
𝑅1 = 0.044 𝑊
Concrete Block

𝑡
𝑅2 = 𝑘

0.154𝑚
𝑅2 = 𝑊
.7786
𝑚−𝐾

𝑚2 −𝐾
𝑅2 = 0.1978 𝑊

Wallboard

𝑡
𝑅3 = 𝑘

0.070𝑚
𝑅3 = 𝑊
0.04902
𝑚−𝐾

𝑚2 −𝐾
𝑅3 = 1.4280 𝑊

Asbestos – cement

𝑡
𝑅4 = 𝑘

0.013𝑚
𝑅4 = 𝑊
.1247
𝑚−𝐾

𝑚2 −𝐾
𝑅4 = 0.1043 𝑊
White pine

𝑡
𝑅5 = 𝑘

0.013𝑚
𝑅5 = 𝑊
.1514
𝑚−𝐾

𝑚2 −𝐾
𝑅5 = 0.08587 𝑊

Inside Air Film (Vertical, heat flow horizontal)

𝑚2 −𝐾
𝑅6 = 0.12 𝑊

Total Resistance, 𝑅𝑇 = 𝑅1 + 𝑅2 + 𝑅3 + 𝑅4 + 𝑅5 + 𝑅6

𝑚2 −𝐾
𝑅𝑇 = (0.044 + 0.1978 + 1.4280 + 0.1043 + 0.08587 + 0.12) 𝑊

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
𝑹𝑻 = 1.97997 𝑾
B. Floor Composition

Assumption Temperature of the Ground, T= 31℃

Materials Thickness Thermal Conductivity

Concrete, medium 100 mm 𝑊
0.4𝑚−𝐾

Floorboard 20 mm 𝑊
0.021𝑚−𝐾

Floor tiles 10 mm 𝑊
0.017𝑚−𝐾

Source: http://www.homestyler.com/designprofile/028a3fc3-56a3-4353-8181-
992b14d95e24

For floor composition:

Concrete

𝐿 0.10 𝑚 𝑚2 −𝐾
R1 = 𝐾 = 𝑊 = 0.25
0.4 𝑊
𝑚−𝐾

Floorboard

𝐿 0.020 𝑚 𝑚2 −𝐾
R2 = 𝐾 = 𝑊 = 0.9524
0.021 𝑊
𝑚−𝐾
Floor tiles

𝐿 0.010 𝑚 𝑚2 −𝐾
R3 = 𝐾 = 𝑊 = 0.588
0.017 𝑊
𝑚−𝐾

Inside Air Film

𝑚2 −𝐾
R4=0.12
𝑊

Total Thermal Resistance:

RT = R1+ R2+ R3+ R4

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
= 0.25 +0.9524 +0.588 +0.12
𝑊 𝑊 𝑊 𝑊

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 1.9104 𝑾
C. Ceiling Composition, T=40℃

Materials Thickness Thermal Thermal resistance

Conductivity
Concrete, 100 mm 𝑊 -
0.4𝑚−𝐾
medium
Built- up 10 mm - 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.06 𝑊
Roofing
Source: http://www.homestyler.com/designprofile/028a3fc3-56a3-4353-8181-992b14d95e24

For ceiling composition:

Concrete, medium

𝐿 0.15 𝑚 𝑚2 −𝐾
R1 = 𝐾 = 𝑊 = 0.375
0.4 𝑊
𝑚−𝐾

Built- up Roofing

𝑚2 −𝐾
R2=0.6 𝑊

Outside Air Film (moving air, cooling)

𝑚2 −𝐾
R5= 0.044 𝑊
Inside Air Film

𝑚2 −𝐾
R6=0.12 𝑊

Total Thermal Resistance:

RT= R1+ R2+ R3+ R4+ R5+ R6

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
=0.375 + 0.06 + 0.044 +0.12
𝑊 𝑊 𝑊 𝑊

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 0.599 𝑾
A. Partition A ( Office @ 24℃)
For walls using conduction:
WallA1

𝐴∆𝑇
QA1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallA1=Area of Wall-[2(Area of windows)] – (Area wall of CR)

=36m2-[2(1x1.2m)] – (3m x 4m)

Area of WallA1=21.6m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QA1 = 𝑅𝑇

21.6𝑚2 (45−24)𝐾
= 𝑚2 −𝐾
1.97997
𝑊

QA1 =230W

Area of WallA2=Area of Wall-[(Area of doors) –( Area wall of CR)

=36m2-[3.690m2] – (4m x 3m)

Area of WallA2 =20.31 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QA2 = 𝑅𝑇

20.31𝑚2 (45−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QA2 =215W
For walls:

WallA3

𝐴∆𝑇
QA3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallA3.1= 4x4.5m

Area of WallA3.1 = 18m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QA3.1 = 𝑅𝑇

18𝑚2 (27−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QA3 =27.27W

Area of WallA3.2 = 4x4.5m

Area of WallA3.2 = 18m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QA3.2 = 𝑅𝑇

18𝑚2 (25−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QA3.2 =9.09W
WallA4

𝐴∆𝑇
QA4 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallA4= Area of wall – [2(Area of Window)]

= 36m2 – [2(1x1.2m2]

Area of WallA4= 33.6m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QA4 = 𝑅𝑇

33.6𝑚2 (45−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QA4 =27.27W

For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−24)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 296.36W
For Windows using conduction:

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 x 1.2 m2 x (45-24)
𝑊

= 594.72W x 4 windows

QW =2378.88W

For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

Asoil=(9m x 9m) = 81m2

81𝑚2 (31−24)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=296.8W

For ceiling@ 40C using conduction:

A=(9m x 9m) =81m2

81𝑚2 (40−24)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =2160W
For appliances:

Material Heat load (W) No. of items Total

TV 220 1 220
Computer 220 8 1760
Water dispenser 350 1 350
Electric fan 50 4 200
Photocopy machine 300 1 300
Source:2001 ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook (SI)
Total heat load of appliances = 2830W

Total Heat load for Partition A:

QWA1+ QWA2+ QWA3.1+ QW3.2+ QWA4+ QD+ Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil +Qappliances

215+230+27.27+9.09+27.27+296.36+296.8+2160+2830+2378.88

QTA=8470.76W
B. Partition B ( Canteen @ 27℃)

For walls using conduction:

WallB1

𝐴∆𝑇
QB1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallB1 = (4m x 4.5)

Area of WallB1 =18m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QB1 = 𝑅𝑇

18𝑚2 (27−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QB1=27.27W

Area of WallB2=Area of Wall-[(Area of double doors + Area of windows)]

=32m2-[1.2m2+3.7m2]

=27.1 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QB2 = 𝑅𝑇

27.1𝑚2 (45−27)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QB2 =246.37W
WallB3

𝐴∆𝑇
QB3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallB3= Area wall-(Area window + Area door)

Area of WallB3=28.955m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QB3 =
𝑅𝑇

28.955𝑚2 (45−27)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QB3 =136W

Area of WallB4 = (4m x 8m )

Area of WallB4 =32m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QB4= 𝑅𝑇

32𝑚2 (27−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QB4=32.32W
For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−27)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 254W

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (45−27)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 127W

For Windows using conduction:

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 x 1.2 m2 x(45-27)
𝑊

= 127.44 x 2 windows

QW =254.88W

For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A= (8m x 4.5) = 36m2

36𝑚2 (31−27)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Qs=75.38W
1.9104
𝑾
For ceiling@ 40C using conduction:

A = (8m x 4.5) = 36m2

36𝑚2 (40−27)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =780W

For appliances:
Material Heat load (W) No. of items Total
Refrigerator 310 1 310
Stove 1930 2 3860
Water dispenser 350 1 350
Toaster 1600 1 1600
Blender 300 1 300
Coffee Maker 450 1 450
Oven 400 1 400
Food Warmer 950 1 950
Source:2001 ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook (SI)
Total heat load of appliances = 8220W

Total Heat load for Partition B:

QWB1+ QWB2+ QWB3+ QWB4+ QDD+QD+ Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qappliances

27.27+246.37+136+32.32+254+127+254.8+75.38+780+8220

QTB=10153.14W
C. Partition C ( Store @ 25℃)

For walls using conduction:

WallC1

𝐴∆𝑇
QC1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallC1 = ( 4m x 4.5m)

Area of WallC1 =18m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QC1 = 𝑅𝑇

18𝑚2 (25−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QC1=9.09W

Area of WallC2 = (8m x 4m)

Area of WallC2 =32 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QC2 = 𝑅𝑇

32𝑚2 (27−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QC2=32.32W
For walls:

WallC3

𝐴∆𝑇
QC3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallC3= Area wall-(Area window)

Area of WallC3=16.8m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QC3 = 𝑅𝑇

16.8𝑚2 (45−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QC3=170W

Area of WallC4= Area of wall- (Area of door + Area of Window)

Area of WallC4 =27.11m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QC4= 𝑅𝑇

27.11𝑚2 (45−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QC4=273.8W
For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−25)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 282.25W

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (45−25)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 141.12W

For Windows using conduction:

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 x 1.2 m2 x (45-25)
𝑊

=141.6W x 2 windows

QW =283.2W

For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A=(8m x 4.5m) = 36m2

36(31−25)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=113W
For ceiling@ 40C using conduction:

A= (8m x 4.5m) = 36m2

36𝑚2 (40−25)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =900W

For appliances:
Material Heat load (W) No. of items Total
Refrigerator 310 1 310
Electric fan 50 2 100
Water dispenser 350 1 350
TV 220 1 220
Cash Register 48 2 96
Source:2001 ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook (SI)
Total heat load of appliances = 1076W

Total Heat load for Partition C:

QWC1+ QWC2+ QWC3+ QWC4+ QDD+QD+ Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qappliances

9.09+32.32+170+273.8+282.25+141.12+283.2+113+900+1076

QTC=3280.78W
D. Partition D( Store @ 20℃)

For walls using conduction:

WallD1

𝐴∆𝑇
QD1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallD1 = (4m x 6m)

Area of WallD1 =24m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QD1 = 𝑅𝑇

24𝑚2 (45−20)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QD1 =303.03W

Area of WallD2= Area of wall – Area of Double Door

Area of WallD2 =16.31 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QD2 = 𝑅𝑇

16.31𝑚2 (45−20)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QD2 =205.9W
For walls:

WallD3

𝐴∆𝑇
QD3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallD3 = (6m x 4m)

Area of WallD3 =24m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QD3 = 𝑅𝑇

24𝑚2 (20−18)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QD3 =24.24W

Area of WallD4= Area of wall- (Area of door)

Area of WallD4 =22.155m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QD4= 𝑅𝑇

22.155𝑚2 (45−20)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QD4=280W
For Doors:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−20)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 352.8W

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (45−20)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 176.4W

For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A=36m2

36𝑚2 (31−20)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=172.7W

For ceiling@ 40C using conduction:

A=36m2

36𝑚2 (40−20)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =1000W
For appliances:
Material Heat load (W) No. of items Total (W)
Tissue culture 1146 1 1146
Centrifuge 730 3 2190
Electrochemical 84 1 84
analyzer
Chiller 310 1 310
Incubator 264 3 792
Oscilloscope 97 2 97
Source:2001 ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook (SI)
Total heat load of appliances = 4619W

Total Heat load for Partition D:

QWD1+ QWD2+ QWD3+ QWD4+ QDD+QD+ Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qappliances

303.03+205.9+24.24+280+352.8+176.4+172.2+1000+4619

QTD=7133.57W
E. Partition E( Store @ 18℃)

For walls using conduction:

WallE1

𝐴∆𝑇
QE1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallE1 = (4m x 6m)

Area of WallE1 = 24m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QE1 = 𝑅𝑇

24𝑚2 (20−18)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QE1 =24.24W

Area of WallD2= Area of wall – Area of Double Door

Area of WallD2 =16.31 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QE2 = 𝑅𝑇

16.31𝑚2 (45−18)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QE2 =222.4W
WallE3

𝐴∆𝑇
QE3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallD3 = (6m x 4m)

Area of WallD3 =24m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QE3 =
𝑅𝑇

24𝑚2 (22−18)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QE3 =48.5W

Area of WallE4= Area of wall- (Area of door + Area of window)

Area of WallE4 =3.045m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QE4= 𝑅𝑇

3.045𝑚2 (45−18)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QE4=41.52W
For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−18)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 380.61W

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (45−18)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 190W

For flooring @ 25C using conduction:

A= (5m x 6m) = 30m2

30𝑚2 (25−18)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=110W

For ceiling@ 34C using conduction:

A= (5m x 6m) =30m2

30𝑚2 (34−18)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =800W
For Windows using conduction:

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 x 1.2 m2 x (45-18)
𝑊

QW = 191.16W

For appliances:
Material Heat load (W) No. of items Total (W)
Packaging machine 1000 2 2000
Chiller 350 3 1050
Electric Fan 250 3 750
Source:2001 ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook (SI)
Total heat load of appliances = 3800W

Total Heat load for Partition E:

QWE1+ QWE2+ QWE3+ QWE4+ QDD+QD+ Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qappliances

24.24+222.4+48.5+41.52+380.61+190+110+800+3800

QTE=5808.43W
F. Partition F( Store @ 22℃)

For walls using conduction:

WallF1

𝐴∆𝑇
QF1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallE1 = (6m x 4m)

Area of WallE1 =24m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QF1 = 𝑅𝑇

24𝑚2 (22−18)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QF1 =48.48W

Area of WallF2= Area of wall – Area of Double Door

Area of WallF2=16.31 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QF2 = 𝑅𝑇

16.31𝑚2 (45−22)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QF2 =190W
For walls:

WallF3

𝐴∆𝑇
QF3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallF3 = (6m x 4m)

Area of WallF3 =24m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QF3 = 𝑅𝑇

24𝑚2 (45−22)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QF3 =278.8W

Area of WallF4= Area of wall- (Area of door)

Area of WallF4=18.155m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QF4= 𝑅𝑇

18.155𝑚2 (45−22)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QF4=210.9W
For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−22)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 324.6W

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (45−22)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 162.3W

For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A = (5m x 6m) = 30m2

30𝑚2 (31−22)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=141.33W

For ceiling@ 40C using conduction:

A = (5m x 6m) = 30m2

30𝑚2 (40−22)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =900W
For Windows using conduction:

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 (1.2m2)(45-22)
𝑊

QW = 162.44W

For appliances:
Material Heat load (W) No. of items Total (W)
Incubator 479 6 2874
Electric Fan 250 3 750
Source:2001 ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook (SI)
Total heat load of appliances = 3624W

Total Heat load for Partition F:

QWF1+ QWF2+ QWF3+ QWF4+ QDD+QD+ Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qappliances

48.48+190+278.8+210.9+324.6+162.3+141.3+900+162.44+3624

QTF=5808.43W
G. Partition G( Employee’s Quarter for Girls @ 24℃)

For walls using conduction:

WallG1

𝐴∆𝑇
QG1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallG1 = (6m x 4m) – (3m x 4m)

Area of WallG1 =12m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QG1 = 𝑅𝑇

12𝑚2 (45−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QG1 =127.27W

Area of WallG2= Area of wall – Area of window – Area of CR

Area of WallG2=10.155 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QG2 = 𝑅𝑇

10.155𝑚2 (45−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QG2 =107.7W
For walls:

WallG3

𝐴∆𝑇
QG3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallG3 = (6m x 4m)

Area of WallG3 =24m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QG3 = 𝑅𝑇

24𝑚2 (27−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QG3 =36.36W

Area of WallG4= Area of wall- (Area of door + Area of double door)

Area of WallG4=15.11m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QG4= 𝑅𝑇

15.11𝑚2 (45−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QG4=160.26W
For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−24)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 296.03W

For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A= (6m x 5m) =30m2

30𝑚2 (31−24)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=157W

For ceiling@ 40C using conduction:

A=(6m x 5m) = 30m2

30𝑚2 (40−24)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =800W

For Windows using conduction:

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 (1.2m2)(45-24)
𝑊

QW = 148.68W
For appliances:
Material Heat load (W) No. of items Total (W)
Heater 1200 1 1200
Electric Fan 250 3 750
Rice cooker 350 1 350
Toaster 1050 1 1050
Coffee maker 1050 1 1050
TV 420 1 420
Source:2001 ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook (SI)
Total heat load of appliances = 4820W

Total Heat load for Partition G:

QWG1+ QWG2+ QWG3+ QWG4+ QDD+QD+ Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qappliances

107.27+127.27+36.36+160.2+296.03+157+800+4820+(148.68x2)

QTG=6801.92W
H. Partition H( Employee’s Quarter for Boys @ 27℃)

For walls using conduction:

WallH1

𝐴∆𝑇
QH1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallH1 = (6m x 4m)

Area of WallH1 =24m2 – Area of CR

𝐴∆𝑇
QH1 = 𝑅𝑇

12𝑚2 (27−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QH1 =18.18W

Area of WallH2= Area of wall – Area of window – Area of CR

Area of WallH2 = 10.2 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QH2 = 𝑅𝑇

10.2𝑚2 (45−27)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QH2 =92.73W
For walls:

WallH3

𝐴∆𝑇
QH3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallH3 = (6m x 4m)

Area of WallH3 = 24m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QH3 = 𝑅𝑇

24𝑚2 (28−27)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QH3 =12.12W

Area of WallH4= Area of wall- (Area of door + Area of double door)

Area of WallH4=15.11m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QH4= 𝑅𝑇

15.11𝑚2 (45−27)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QH4=137.36W
For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−27)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 254W

For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A= (5m x 6m) = 30m2

30𝑚2 (31−27)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=63W

For ceiling@ 40C using conduction:

A= (5m x 6m) = 30m2

30𝑚2 (40−27)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =650W

For Windows using conduction:

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 (1.2m2)(45-27)
𝑊

QW = 127.44W
For appliances:
Material Heat load (W) No. of items Total (W)
Heater 1200 1 1200
Electric Fan 250 3 750
Rice cooker 350 1 350
Toaster 1050 1 1050
Coffee maker 1050 1 1050
TV 420 1 420
Source:2001 ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook (SI)
Total heat load of appliances = 4820W

Total Heat load for Partition H:

QWH1+ QWH2+ QWH3+ QWH4+ QDD + Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qappliances

18.18+92.73+12.12+137.36+254+63+650+127.44+4820

QTH=6174.83W
I. Partition I( Garage for Forklift @ 30℃)

For walls using conduction:

WallI1

𝐴∆𝑇
QI1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallH1 = (6m x 4m)

Area of WallH1 = 24m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QI1 = 𝑅𝑇

24𝑚2 (28−27)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QI1 =36.36W

Area of WallI2= Area of wall – [2xArea of window]

Area of WallI2 =17.6 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QI2 = 𝑅𝑇

17.6(45−30)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QI2 =181.11W
For walls:

WallH3

𝐴∆𝑇
QI3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallI3 = (6m x 4m) – [2x Area of Windows]

Area of WallI3 =21.6m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QI3 = 𝑅𝑇

21.6𝑚2 (45−30)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QI3 =163.36W

Area of WallI4= Area of wall- (Area of opening)

= 20m2- [ 4m x 3m ]

Area of WallI4 = 8m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QI4= 𝑅𝑇

8(45−30)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QI4=60.60W
For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A= (5m x 6m) = 30m2

30𝑚2 (31−30)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=15.7W

For ceiling@ 40C using conduction:

A=(6m x 5m) = 30m2

30𝑚2 (40−30)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =500W

For Windows using conduction:

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 (1.2m2)(45-30)
𝑊

QW = 212.4W x 4 windows

QW = 850 W
For Forklift:
Area of forklift = (2.5m x 1.150m)
Area of forklift = 2.875m2
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝐺𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒
Number of Forklift = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑡
30𝑚2
Number of Forklift = 2.875𝑚2 = 10.43

Use 6 for allowance and enough space for forklift

For appliances:
Material Heat load (W) No. of items Total (W)
Forklift 1300* 6 7800
*Assuming that the forklift is parked right after operation
Source: https://www.scribd.com/doc/16676089/Heat-Load-Calculation-Cold-Storage-Plant
Total heat load of appliances = 7800W

Total Heat load for Partition I:

QWI1+ QWI2+ QWI3+ QWI4+ QForklift + Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil

36.36+181.11+163.36+60.60+15.7+500+850+7800

QTI=9607W
J. Partition J( Storage of Raw Materials @ 28℃)

For walls using conduction:

WallJ1

𝐴∆𝑇
QJ1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallJ1 = (7m x 4m) – Area of door

Area of WallJ1 =26.155m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QJ1 = 𝑅𝑇

26.155𝑚2 (45−28)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QJ1 =224.56W

Area of WallJ2= Area of wall – [(2 x Area of window) – Area of Double Door)

Area of WallJ2 = 29.91 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QJ2 = 𝑅𝑇

29.91𝑚2 (45−28)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QJ2 =256.806W
For walls:

WallJ3

𝐴∆𝑇
QJ3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallJ3 = (Area of wall)- Area of door

Area of WallJ3 =26.155 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QJ3 = 𝑅𝑇

26.155𝑚2 (45−28)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QJ3 =224.56W

WallJ4

Area of WallJ4= ( 9m x 4m )

Area of WallJ4=36m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QJ4= 𝑅𝑇

36𝑚2 (45−28)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QJ4=309.09W
For Double Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−28)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 240W

For Single Door using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (45−28)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 120W X 2 DOORS = 240W

For Windows using conduction:

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 𝑊
(1.2m2)(45-28)

QW = 120.36W x 2 windows

QW = 240 W
For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A= (9m x 7m) = 63m2

63𝑚2 (31−28)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=99W

For ceiling @ 40C using conduction:

A= (9m x 7m) = 63m2

63𝑚2 (40−28)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
0.6
𝑾

Qc =1260W

Total Heat load for Partition J:

QWI1+ QWI2+ QWI3+ QWI4+ Qstraw + Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil + Qdoor + Qdoubledoor

(224.56+256.806+224.56+309.09+240+240+240+17203)W

QTJ=20300W
Properties of Wheat Straw according to “Heat and Mass Transfer Study During Wheat Straw
Solid Substrate Fermentation with P.ostreatus by C.I. Koncsag and K. Kirwan”

Each bag of wheat straw: 0.2m x 0.3m = 0.06m2

Temperature of Wheat Straw: 20C

Q=Hc(A)(T2-T1)

𝑊
Q=51.22 𝑚2 −𝐾 x (0.06𝑚2 ) 𝑥 (28-20)C

Q= 24.6W

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚
Number of bags = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑎𝑔

63𝑚2
Number of bags = 0.06𝑚2 = 1050 bags

Assuming that there are 700 bags for convenience and allowance in the building.

Total heat of the straw = 24.6W x 700

Total heat of the straw = 17203W

K. Partition K( Incubation Room @ 25C)

For walls using conduction:

WallK1

𝐴∆𝑇
QK1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallK1 = (9m x 4m) – Area of door

Area of WallK1 =34.155m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QK1 = 𝑅𝑇

34.155𝑚2 (45−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QK1 =345W

WallK2

Area of WallK2 = (4.5m x 4m) = 18 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QK2 = 𝑅𝑇

18𝑚2 (25− −1 )
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
3.9
𝑾

QK2 =120W
WallK3

𝐴∆𝑇
QK3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallK3 = 9m x 4m

Area of WallK3 =36 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QK3 =
𝑅𝑇

36𝑚2 (30−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QK3 =91W

WallK4

Area of WallK4= ( 4.5m x 4m ) – 3.690 m2

Area of WallK4=14.31m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QK4= 𝑅𝑇

14.31𝑚2 (45−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QK4=144.5W
For Double Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−25)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 282.25W

For Single Door using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (45−25)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 141.12 W

For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A= (9m x 4.5m) = 40.5m2

40.5𝑚2 (31−25)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=127.2W

For ceiling @ 40C using conduction:

A= (9m x 4.5m) = 40.5m2

40.5𝑚2 (40−28)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Qc =1012.5W
0.6
𝑾
Properties of Wheat Straw according to “Heat and Mass Transfer Study During Wheat Straw
Solid Substrate Fermentation with P.ostreatus by C.I. Koncsag and K. Kirwan”

Each bag of wheat straw: 0.2m x 0.3m = 0.06m2

Temperature of Wheat Straw: 20C

Q=Hc(A)(T2-T1)

𝑊
Q=51.22 𝑚2 −𝐾 x (0.06𝑚2 ) 𝑥 (25-20)C

Q= 15.366W

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚
Number of bags = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑎𝑔

40.5𝑚2
Number of bags = 0.06𝑚2 = 675 bags

Assuming that there are 350 bags for convenience and allowance in the building.

Total heat of the straw = 15.366W x 350

Total heat of the straw = 5378W

For humidifier:

Using a steam humidifier with 2.75kW and 0.90 efficient. According to

“http://www.arpis.com/sites/default/files/equipment_warranty_manuals/Basic%20Humidification
%20Information.pdf”

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦

3.7𝐻𝑝
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
0.9

Q = 10,458W

For Fan

Using a fan with 0.5Hp and 0.8 efficient

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦

0.5𝐻𝑝
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
0.8

Q = 1589.9W x 2Fans = 3180W

Total Heat load for Partition K:

QWI1+ QWI2+ QWI3+ QWI4+ Qstraw + Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qhumidifier + Qfan

345W+120W+91W+144.5+282.25+141.12W+127.2W+1012.5W+5388W+10458W+3180W

QTK=21279.57W
L. Partition L( Incubation Room @ 30C)

For walls using conduction:

WallL1

𝐴∆𝑇
QL1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallL1 = (9m x 4m)

Area of WallL1 =36m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QL1 = 𝑅𝑇

36𝑚2 (30−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QL1 =91W

WallL2

Area of WallL2 = (4.5m x 4m) = 18 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QL2 = 𝑅𝑇

18𝑚2 (30− −1 )
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
3.9
𝑾

QL2 =143.07W
WallL3

𝐴∆𝑇
QL3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallL3 = (9m x 4m) - 1.845m2

Area of WallL3 =34.155 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
Ql3 =
𝑅𝑇

34.155𝑚2 (45−30)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QK3 =258.754W

WallL4

Area of WallL4= (4.5m x 4m ) – 3.690 m2

Area of WallL4=14.31m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QL4= 𝑅𝑇

14.31𝑚2 (45−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QK4=144.5W
For Double Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−30)
= 0.04445
0.17

QDD = 211.68W

For Single Door using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (45−30)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 105.84 W

For flooring @ 31C using conduction:

A= (9m x 4.5m) = 40.5m2

40.5𝑚2 (31−30)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=21.2W

For ceiling @ 40C using conduction:

A= (9m x 4.5m) = 40.5m2

40.5𝑚2 (40−30)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Qc =675W
0.6
𝑾
Properties of Wheat Straw according to “Heat and Mass Transfer Study During Wheat Straw
Solid Substrate Fermentation with P.ostreatus by C.I. Koncsag and K. Kirwan”

Each bag of wheat straw: (𝜋)(0.5𝑚)(1𝑚) = 1.57m2

Temperature of Wheat Straw: 25C

Q=Hc(A)(T2-T1)

𝑊
Q=51.22 𝑚2 −𝐾 x (1.57𝑚2 ) 𝑥 (30-25)C

Q= 402W

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚
Number of bags = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑎𝑔

40.5𝑚2
Number of bags = 1.57𝑚2 = 25.8 bags

Assuming that there are 13 bags for convenience and allowance in the building.

Total heat of the straw = 402W x 13

Total heat of the straw = 5226W

Image from http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380281604_Kurtzman.pdf

For Steam Pasteurization:

Computing for the mass flow rate of steam:

Qburner=1930W T2=82C

𝐽
CpSteam = 1996𝐾𝑔−𝐾 T1=20C

𝑸 = 𝒎𝑪𝒑∆𝑻

𝑸
𝒎=
𝑪𝒑∆𝑻

𝟏𝟗𝟑𝟎𝑾
𝒎=
𝐽
1996 𝐾𝑔 − 𝐾 (𝟖𝟐 − 𝟐𝟎)

m = 0.0156 kg/s
Computing for the heat released by the steam:

m = 0.0156 kg/s T2=82C (Steam Temperature)

𝐽
CpSteam = 1996𝐾𝑔−𝐾 T1=30C (Room Temperature)

𝑸 = 𝒎𝑪𝒑∆𝑻

𝐽
𝑸 =(0.0156 kg/s) (1996𝐾𝑔−𝐾)(82-30)C

Q = 1619W

Total Heat load for Partition L:

QWL1+ QWL2+ QWL3+ QWL4+ Qstraw + Qwind+ Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qburner + QSteam + Q doubledoor+ Q door

91W+143.07W+258.754W+144.5+211.7+106W+21.2W+675W+5226W+1619W

QTL=8500W
M. Partition M (Greenhouse @ 15C)

Greenhouse Wall composition

Material Thermal Resistance

Polyethylene double film 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.3 𝑊

Fiber Insulation 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.14 𝑊

Greenhouse Thin thermal Curtains 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.44 𝑊

Source: http://bwgreenhouse.ca/R-valueU-value.html

Since polyethylene is double layered, multiply it by 2.

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
Rpolyethylene= 2 x 0.3 𝑊
= 0.6
𝑊

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
RT=0.14 𝑊
+ 0.6
𝑊
+ 0.44
𝑊

Greenhouse Flooring Composition

Materials Thickness Thermal Conductivity

Concrete, medium 100 mm 𝑊
0.4𝑚−𝐾

Floorboard 20 mm 𝑊
0.021𝑚−𝐾

White Plastic Film 5mm 𝑊

0.33
𝑚−𝐾

Source: http://www.homestyler.com/designprofile/028a3fc3-56a3-4353-8181-992b14d95e24

0.1𝑚
Resistance of Concrete = 𝑊
0.4
𝑚−𝐾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Resistance of Concrete = 0.25 𝑾
 0.02𝑚
Resistance of Floorboard = 𝑊
0.021
𝑚−𝐾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Resistance of Floorboard = 0.95 𝑾

0.005𝑚
Resistance of White plastic film = 𝑊
0.33
𝑚−𝐾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Resistance of White Plastic Film = 0.015 𝑾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 0.25 + = 0.95 + 0.015
𝑾 𝑾 𝑾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 1.215 𝑾

Greenhouse Ceiling Composition

Material Thermal Resistance

Polyethylene double film 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.3 𝑊

Fiber Insulation 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.14 𝑊

Reflective Foil 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.625 𝑊

According to: Heat Transfer by Frank Kreith et.al. 7th edition

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
RT= (0.3 X 2) + 0.14 + 0.625
𝑊 𝑊 𝑊

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 1.365 𝑾
For walls using conduction

For walls using conduction:

WallM1

𝐴∆𝑇
QM1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallM1 = (8.33m x 4m) – 3.690m2

Area of WallM1 =29.63m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QM1 = 𝑅𝑇

29.63𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QM1 =953.5W

WallM2

Area of WallL2 = (10m x 4m) = 40 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QM2 = 𝑅𝑇

40𝑚2 (45− 15 )
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QM2 =1016.95W
WallM3

𝐴∆𝑇
QM3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallM3 = (8.33m x 4m)

Area of WallM3 =33.32 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QM3 = 𝑅𝑇

33.32𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QM3 =847.12W

WallM4

Area of WallM4= (10m x 4m )

Area of WallM4=40m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QM4= 𝑅𝑇

40𝑚2 (15−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QM4=0W
For Double Doors using conduction:

Using double door with polycarbonate 16mm panels,

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 0.564 , According to “http://greenhousegab.com/consider-the-r-value/”
𝑾

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
𝟎.𝟓𝟔𝟒
𝑾

QDD = 196.2W

For flooring @ 28C using conduction:

A= (10m x 8.33m) = 83.3m2

83.3(28−15)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.2
𝑾

Qs=902.24W

For ceiling @ 40C using conduction:

A= (10m x 8.33m) = 83.3m2

83.3𝑚2 (40−15)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.365
𝑾

Qc =1525.64W
Properties of Wheat Straw according to “Heat and Mass Transfer Study During Wheat Straw
Solid Substrate Fermentation with P.ostreatus by C.I. Koncsag and K. Kirwan”

Each bag of wheat straw: 0.2m x 0.3m = 0.06m2

Temperature of Wheat Straw: 20C

Q=Hc(A)(T2-T1)

𝑊
Q=51.22 𝑚2 −𝐾 x (0.06𝑚2 ) 𝑥 (20-15)C

Q= 15.366W

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚
Number of bags = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑎𝑔

83.3𝑚2
Number of bags = 0.06𝑚2 = 1390 bags

Assuming that there are 750 bags for convenience and allowance in the building.

Total heat of the straw = 15.366W x 750

Total heat of the straw = 11524W

For humidifier:

Using a steam humidifier with 2.75kW and 0.90 efficient. According to

“http://www.arpis.com/sites/default/files/equipment_warranty_manuals/Basic%20Humidification
%20Information.pdf”

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦

3.7𝐻𝑝
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
0.9

Q = 10,458W

For Fan

Using a fan with 0.5Hp and 0.8 efficient

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦

0.5𝐻𝑝
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
0.8

Q = 1589.9W x 2Fans = 3180W

Total Heat load for Partition M:

QWM1+ QWM2+ QWM3+ QWM4+ Qstraw + Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qhumidifier + Qfan

953.5W+1016.95W+847.12W+0W+196.2W+902.24W+1525.64W+1152W+10458W+3180W

QTM=20231.65W
N. Partition N(Greenhouse @ 15C)

Greenhouse Wall composition

Material Thermal Resistance

Polyethylene double film 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.3 𝑊

Fiber Insulation 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.14 𝑊

Greenhouse Thin thermal Curtains 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.44 𝑊

Source: http://bwgreenhouse.ca/R-valueU-value.html

Since polyethylene is double layered, multiply it by 2.

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
Rpolyethylene= 2 x 0.3 𝑊
= 0.6
𝑊

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
RT=0.14 𝑊
+ 0.6
𝑊
+ 0.44
𝑊

Greenhouse Flooring Composition

Materials Thickness Thermal Conductivity

Concrete, medium 100 mm 𝑊
0.4𝑚−𝐾

Floorboard 20 mm 𝑊
0.021𝑚−𝐾

White Plastic Film 5mm 𝑊

0.33
𝑚−𝐾

Source: http://www.homestyler.com/designprofile/028a3fc3-56a3-4353-8181-992b14d95e24

0.1𝑚
Resistance of Concrete = 𝑊
0.4
𝑚−𝐾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Resistance of Concrete = 0.25 𝑾
 0.02𝑚
Resistance of Floorboard = 𝑊
0.021
𝑚−𝐾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Resistance of Floorboard = 0.95 𝑾

0.005𝑚
Resistance of White plastic film = 𝑊
0.33
𝑚−𝐾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Resistance of White Plastic Film = 0.015 𝑾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 0.25 + = 0.95 + 0.015
𝑾 𝑾 𝑾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 1.215 𝑾

Greenhouse Ceiling Composition

Material Thermal Resistance

Polyethylene double film 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.3 𝑊

Fiber Insulation 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.14 𝑊

Reflective Foil 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.625 𝑊

According to: Heat Transfer by Frank Kreith et.al. 7th edition

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
RT= (0.3 X 2) + 0.14 + 0.625
𝑊 𝑊 𝑊

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 1.365 𝑾
For walls using conduction

For walls using conduction:

WallN1

𝐴∆𝑇
QN1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallN1 = (8.33m x 4m) – 3.690m2

Area of WallN1 =29.63m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QN1 = 𝑅𝑇

29.63𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QN1 =953.5W

WallN2

Area of WallN2 = (10m x 4m) = 40 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QN2 = 𝑅𝑇

40𝑚2 (15− 15 )
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QN2 =0W
WallN3

𝐴∆𝑇
QN3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallN3 = (8.33m x 4m)

Area of WallN3 =33.32 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QN3 =
𝑅𝑇

33.32𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QN3 =847.12W

WallN4

Area of WallN4= (10m x 4m )

Area of WallN4=40m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QN4= 𝑅𝑇

40𝑚2 (15−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QN4=0W
For Double Doors using conduction:

Using double door with polycarbonate 16mm panels,

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 0.564 , According to “http://greenhousegab.com/consider-the-r-value/”
𝑾

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
𝟎.𝟓𝟔𝟒
𝑾

QDD = 196.2W

For flooring @ 28C using conduction:

A= (10m x 8.33m) = 83.3m2

83.3(28−15)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.2
𝑾

Qs=902.24W

For ceiling @ 40C using conduction:

A= (10m x 8.33m) = 83.3m2

83.3𝑚2 (40−15)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.365
𝑾

Qc =1525.64W
Properties of Wheat Straw according to “Heat and Mass Transfer Study During Wheat Straw
Solid Substrate Fermentation with P.ostreatus by C.I. Koncsag and K. Kirwan”

Each bag of wheat straw: 0.2m x 0.3m = 0.06m2

Temperature of Wheat Straw: 20C

Q=Hc(A)(T2-T1)

𝑊
Q=51.22 𝑚2 −𝐾 x (0.06𝑚2 ) 𝑥 (20-15)C

Q= 15.366W

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚
Number of bags = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑎𝑔

83.3𝑚2
Number of bags = 0.06𝑚2 = 1390 bags

Assuming that there are 750 bags for convenience and allowance in the building.

Total heat of the straw = 15.366W x 750

Total heat of the straw = 11524W

For humidifier:

Using a steam humidifier with 2.75kW and 0.90 efficient. According to

“http://www.arpis.com/sites/default/files/equipment_warranty_manuals/Basic%20Humidification
%20Information.pdf”

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦

3.7𝐻𝑝
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
0.9

Q = 10,458W

For Fan

Using a fan with 0.5Hp and 0.8 efficient

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦

0.5𝐻𝑝
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
0.8

Q = 1589.9W x 2Fans = 3180W

Total Heat load for Partition N:

QWM1+ QWM2+ QWM3+ QWM4+ Qstraw + Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qhumidifier + Qfan

953.5W+0W+847.12W+0W+196.2W+902.24W+1525.64W+1152W+10458W+3180W

QTN=19214.7W
O. Partition O (Greenhouse @ 15C)

Greenhouse Wall composition

Material Thermal Resistance

Polyethylene double film 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.3 𝑊

Fiber Insulation 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.14 𝑊

Greenhouse Thin thermal Curtains 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.44 𝑊

Source: http://bwgreenhouse.ca/R-valueU-value.html

Since polyethylene is double layered, multiply it by 2.

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
Rpolyethylene= 2 x 0.3 𝑊
= 0.6
𝑊

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
RT=0.14 𝑊
+ 0.6
𝑊
+ 0.44
𝑊

Greenhouse Flooring Composition

Materials Thickness Thermal Conductivity

Concrete, medium 100 mm 𝑊
0.4𝑚−𝐾

Floorboard 20 mm 𝑊
0.021𝑚−𝐾

White Plastic Film 5mm 𝑊

0.33
𝑚−𝐾

Source: http://www.homestyler.com/designprofile/028a3fc3-56a3-4353-8181-992b14d95e24

0.1𝑚
Resistance of Concrete = 𝑊
0.4
𝑚−𝐾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Resistance of Concrete = 0.25 𝑾
 0.02𝑚
Resistance of Floorboard = 𝑊
0.021
𝑚−𝐾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Resistance of Floorboard = 0.95 𝑾

0.005𝑚
Resistance of White plastic film = 𝑊
0.33
𝑚−𝐾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
Resistance of White Plastic Film = 0.015 𝑾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 0.25 + = 0.95 + 0.015
𝑾 𝑾 𝑾

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 1.215 𝑾

Greenhouse Ceiling Composition

Material Thermal Resistance

Polyethylene double film 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.3 𝑊

Fiber Insulation 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.14 𝑊

Reflective Foil 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.625 𝑊

According to: Heat Transfer by Frank Kreith et.al. 7th edition

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
RT= (0.3 X 2) + 0.14 + 0.625
𝑊 𝑊 𝑊

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 1.365 𝑾
For walls using conduction

For walls using conduction:

WallO1

𝐴∆𝑇
QO1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallO1 = (8.33m x 4m) – 3.690m2

Area of WallO1 =29.63m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QO1 = 𝑅𝑇

29.63𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QO1 =953.5W

WallO2

Area of WallL2 = (10m x 4m) = 40 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QO2 = 𝑅𝑇

40𝑚2 (15− 15 )
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QO2 =0W
WallO3

𝐴∆𝑇
QO3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallO3 = (8.33m x 4m)

Area of WallO3 =33.32 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QO3 = 𝑅𝑇

33.32𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QO3 =847.12W

WallO4

Area of WallO4= (10m x 4m )

Area of WallO4=40m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QO4= 𝑅𝑇

40𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.18
𝑾

QO4=1016.9W
For Double Doors using conduction:

Using double door with polycarbonate 16mm panels,

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 0.564 , According to “http://greenhousegab.com/consider-the-r-value/”
𝑾

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

3,690𝑚2 (45−15)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
𝟎.𝟓𝟔𝟒
𝑾

QDD = 196.2W

For flooring @ 28C using conduction:

A= (10m x 8.33m) = 83.3m2

83.3(28−15)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.2
𝑾

Qs=902.24W

For ceiling @ 40C using conduction:

A= (10m x 8.33m) = 83.3m2

83.3𝑚2 (40−15)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.365
𝑾

Qc =1525.64W
Properties of Wheat Straw according to “Heat and Mass Transfer Study During Wheat Straw
Solid Substrate Fermentation with P.ostreatus by C.I. Koncsag and K. Kirwan”

Each bag of wheat straw: 0.2m x 0.3m = 0.06m2

Temperature of Wheat Straw: 20C

Q=Hc(A)(T2-T1)

𝑊
Q=51.22 𝑚2 −𝐾 x (0.06𝑚2 ) 𝑥 (20-15)C

Q= 15.366W

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚
Number of bags = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑏𝑎𝑔

83.3𝑚2
Number of bags = 0.06𝑚2 = 1390 bags

Assuming that there are 750 bags for convenience and allowance in the building.

Total heat of the straw = 15.366W x 750

Total heat of the straw = 11524W

For humidifier:

Using a steam humidifier with 2.75kW and 0.90 efficient. According to

“http://www.arpis.com/sites/default/files/equipment_warranty_manuals/Basic%20Humidification
%20Information.pdf”

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦

3.7𝐻𝑝
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
0.9

Q = 10,458W

For Fan

Using a fan with 0.5Hp and 0.8 efficient

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦

0.5𝐻𝑝
𝑄= 𝑥 746 𝑥 3.41
0.8

Q = 1589.9W x 2Fans = 3180W

Total Heat load for Partition O:

QWO1+ QWO2+ QWO3+ QWO4+ Qstraw + Qsoil+ Qceil+ Qhumidifier + Qfan

953.5W+1016.95W+847.12W+0W+196.2W+902.24W+1525.64W+1152W+10458W+3180W

QTO=20231.65W
P. Partition P (Cold Storage @ -1C)

Image from“https://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/Ag.%20Ext.%202007-Chelsie/PDF/e1914-ND.pdf”

Cold Storage Wall Composition

Materials Thermal Resistance
Outside Air Film 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.044 𝑊

Concrete Block 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.195 𝑊

Polyutherane 𝑚2 −𝐾
3.3 𝑊

Gypsum 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.058 𝑊

Inside Air film 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.3 𝑊

https://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/Ag.%20Ext.%202007-Chelsie/PDF/e1914-ND.pdf

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
R T= 0.044 𝑊
+ 0.195𝑊
+ 3.3 𝑊
+ 0.058 𝑊
+ 0.3𝑊
𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 3.9 𝑾
Image from “https://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/Ag.%20Ext.%202007-Chelsie/PDF/e1914-ND.pdf”

Cold Storage Flooring Composition

Material Thermal Resistance

Inside Air film 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.3 𝑊

Concrete Block 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.1016 𝑊

Subfloor Insulation 𝑚2 −𝐾
1.76 𝑊

Polyethylene 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.3 𝑊

https://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/Ag.%20Ext.%202007-Chelsie/PDF/e1914-ND.pdf

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
RT= 0.3 𝑊
+ 0.1016 𝑊
+ 1.76 𝑊
+ 0.3 𝑊

𝑚2 −𝐾
RT = 2.4616 𝑊
Cold Storage Ceiling Composition

Materials Thermal Resistance

Outside Air Film 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.044 𝑊

Concrete Block 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.195 𝑊

Polyutherane 𝑚2 −𝐾
3.3 𝑊

Gypsum 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.058 𝑊

Inside Air film 𝑚2 −𝐾

0.3 𝑊

Polyethylene 𝑚2 −𝐾
0.3 𝑊

https://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/Ag.%20Ext.%202007-Chelsie/PDF/e1914-ND.pdf

𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾 𝑚2 −𝐾
RT = 0.044 𝑊
+ 0.195 + 3.3 + 0.058 + 0.3 + 0.3
𝑊 𝑊 𝑊 𝑊 𝑊

𝑚2 −𝐾
RT = 4.2 𝑊
For walls using conduction

For walls using conduction:

WallP1

𝐴∆𝑇
QP1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallP1 = (6m x 4m) - (2.5m x 4 m )

Area of WallP1 =14m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QP1 = 𝑅𝑇

14𝑚2 (45−−1)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
3.9
𝑾

QP1 =165W

WallP2

Area of WallP2 = (9mx 4m) = 36 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QP2 = 𝑅𝑇

36𝑚2 (45− −1 )
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
3.9
𝑾

QP2 =424.6W
WallP3

𝐴∆𝑇
QP3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallP3 = (6m x 4m) – (2.5m x 4m)

Area of WallP3 =14 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QP3 =
𝑅𝑇

14𝑚2 (45−−1)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
3.9
𝑾

QP3 =165.13W

WallP4.1

Area of WallP4.1= (4.5m x 4m )

Area of WallP4.1=18m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QP4= 𝑅𝑇

18𝑚2 (30−−1)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
3.9
𝑾

QP4.1=143W
WallP4.2

Area of WallP4.2= (4.5m x 4m )

Area of WallP4.2=18m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QP4.2= 𝑅𝑇

18𝑚2 (25−−1)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
3.9
𝑾

QP4.2=120W

For Double Doors using conduction:

Using double door Mark IV™ Bi-Parting Horizontal Sliding Manually Operated

Door R-28,

𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
RT = 28 , According to “http://greenhousegab.com/consider-the-r-value/”
𝑾

𝐴∆𝑇
QDD= 𝑅𝑇

10𝑚2 (45−−1)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
𝟓
𝑾

QDD = 92W
For flooring @ 20C using conduction:

A= (9m x 6m) = 54m2

54𝑚2 (20−−1)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
2.4616
𝑾

Qs=460.68W

For ceiling @ 30C using conduction:

A= (9m x 6m) = 54m2

54𝑚2 (30−−1)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
4.2
𝑾

Qc =400W

Total Heat Load for building composition

165W+424.6W+165.13W+143W+120W+92W+460.68W+400W

Total heat load for building composition = 1970.41W

 Condition Value

Storage size 9m x 6m x 4m

Storage volume 216m3

Ambient temperature @ harvest 45C

Fruit temperature @ harvest 20C

Fruit temperature @ storage -1C

Storage Capacity 500 bins, 20kg/bin, 10,000 kg of mushroom

Cooling rate for 1st day 20C to 5C

Cooling rate for 2nd day 5C to -1C

Air changes from door opening during 6 per day

cooling

Air changes from door during storage 1.8 per day

Specific heat of Mushroom 𝑘𝐽

3.89 𝑘𝑔−𝐾

Specific heat of Bins 𝑘𝐽

0.5𝑘𝑔−𝐾

Heat load to lower air 45C to -1C 80 kJ/m3

Heat load to lower air 7.2C to -1C 15.3 kJ/m3

Loading weight and time 200 bins, 4000 kg of mushroom

Bin weight = 10.5kg/bin
A. Load during cooling and filling storage: temperature difference (TD) from 45 ºC to
-1ºC = 46 ºC, assuming 46 ºC TD on all surfaces:

1. Heat load for building = 1970.41 W

Heat load should be converted to kJ/24 hrs

𝐽 1𝑘𝐽
1970.41 x 𝑥 3600s x 24
𝑠 1000𝐽

Heat load for building = 170243.4 kJ/24hrs

2. Air changes from door opening

Air changes x volume x heat load
6 x 216m3 x 80kJ/m3
= 103680 kJ/24hrs

3. Product cooling (field heat removal)

During first day (Temperature Difference (TD) = 20C-5C)
Fruit weight during loading x Specific heat of mushroom x TD x kJ factor for 24hrs
Fruit weight = (200 bins) (20kg/bin)
𝑘𝐽
(4000kg) x (3.89 𝑘𝑔−𝐾) 𝑥 (20C-5C) x (4.186)

=977012.4kJ/24hrs
Bin weight during loading x Specific heat of bin x TD x kJ factor for 24hrs
Bin weight (200 bins)(10.5kg/bin)
𝑘𝐽
(2100 kg) x (0.5𝑘𝑔−𝐾) x (20-5) x (4.186)

= 65929.5 kJ/24hr
 During Second day [Temperature Difference (TD) = 5C-(-1C)]
Fruit weight during loading x Specific heat of mushroom x TD x kJ factor for 24hrs
Fruit weight = (200 bins) (20kg/bin)
𝑘𝐽
(4000kg) x (3.89 𝑘𝑔−𝐾) 𝑥 (5C--1C) x (4.186)

=390804.96kJ/24hrs
Bin weight during loading x Specific heat of bin x TD x kJ factor for 24hrs
Bin weight (200 bins)(10.5kg/bin)
𝑘𝐽
(2100 kg) x (0.5𝑘𝑔−𝐾) x (5C- -1C) x (4.186)

= 26371.8kJ/24hrs

4. Heat Respiration During Cooling (Vital Heat of Mushroom)

First Day
20+5
Average temperature = = 13C
2
𝑘𝐽
Respiration rate at 13C is 12206 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒−24ℎ𝑟𝑠

Heat respiration = Respiration rate x Weight in Tons

𝑘𝐽
12206 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒−24ℎ𝑟𝑠 x (4 tons)

Heat respiration = 48824 kJ/24hrs

Second day
5+ −1
Average temperature = = 2 C or use 1.7C
2
𝑘𝐽
Respiration rate at 1.7C is 1741 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒−24ℎ𝑟𝑠

Heat respiration = Respiration rate x Weight in Tons

𝑘𝐽
1741 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒−24ℎ𝑟𝑠 x (4 tons)

Heat respiration = 6964 kJ/24hrs

Maximum heat accumulated in storage before cooling completed:
𝑘𝐽
Respiration rate at -1C is 812 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒−24ℎ𝑟𝑠
𝑘𝐽
1741 𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒−24ℎ𝑟𝑠 x 4 tons = 2964 kJ/24hrs
 5. Miscellaneous loads
Lights – (2,400W) x (3.6 kJ per W) x 8 hrs = 69120 kJ
Fans - (3 HP) x (3,112 kJ per HP) x (24 hrs) = 224064 kJ
Forklifts - 2 x 36,920 kJ per forklift for 8 hrs = 73840kJ
Labor - (2 workers) x (1,000 kJ per h) x (8hrs) = 16000kJ
Total = 383042 kJ/24 hrs

Heat load in kJ/24hrs Total

Heat load for building 170243.4 kJ/24hrs

Heat load for Door openings 103680 kJ/24hrs

Product cooling 1460118.66 kJ/24hrs

Heat respiration 58752 kJ/24hrs

Miscellaneous loads 383024 kJ/24hrs

Subtotal heat load = 2175818.06 kJ/24hrs

10% to be cautious= 217581.806 kJ/24hrs
Total heat load = 2393400 kJ/24hrs
Total heat load = 27701.4W
Converting to Watts:
1 𝑑𝑎𝑦 1000𝐽 1ℎ𝑟
2393400kJ/day x 24 ℎ𝑟𝑠 x x 3600𝑠
1 𝑘𝐽

Total heat load= 27701.4W

Reference: https://www.scribd.com/doc/16676089/Heat-Load-Calculation-Cold-Storage-Plant
Q. Comfort Rooms
For Comfort Room A @ 25C
For walls using conduction:
WallA1

𝐴∆𝑇
QA1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallA1=Area of Wall-(Area of windows)

Area of WallA1 = (3m x 4m) – (0.6m x 0.4m)

Area of WallA1=11.76m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QA1 = 𝑅𝑇

11.76𝑚2 (45−25)𝐾
= 𝑚2 −𝐾
1.97997
𝑊

QA1 =118.78W

Area of WallA2= 3m x 3m

Area of WallA2 =12 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QA2 = 𝑅𝑇

12𝑚2 (45−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QA2 =121.21W
For walls:

WallA3

𝐴∆𝑇
QA3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallA3.1= 4m x 3m

Area of WallA3 = 12m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QA3 = 𝑅𝑇

12𝑚2 (25−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QA3 =6.06W

WallA4

𝐴∆𝑇
QA4 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallA4= Area of wall – [(Area of door)]

= 12m2 – [1.854m2]

Area of WallA4= 10.155m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QA4 = 𝑅𝑇

10.155𝑚2 (25−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QA4 =5.13W
For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (25−24)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 7.05W

For Windows using conduction:

Area of Window = ( 0.6m x 0.4m)= 0.24m2

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 x 0.24 m2 x (45-25)
𝑊

QW =28.32W

For flooring @ 28C using conduction:

Asoil=(3m x 3m) =9m2

9𝑚2 (28−25)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=14.133W

For ceiling@ 35C using conduction:

A=(3m x 3m) =9m2

9𝑚2 (35−25)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
= 150W
0.6
𝑾
For Comfort Room G @ 25C
For walls using conduction:
WallG1

𝐴∆𝑇
QG1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallG1=Area of Wall-(Area of windows)

Area of WallG1 = (3m x 4m) – (0.6m x 0.4m)

Area of WallG1=11.76m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QG1 = 𝑅𝑇

11.76𝑚2 (45−25)𝐾
= 𝑚2 −𝐾
1.97997
𝑊

QG1 =118.79W

Area of WallG2= 4m x 2m

Area of WallG2 =8 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QG2 = 𝑅𝑇

8𝑚2 (45−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QG2 =80.80W
For walls:

WallG3

𝐴∆𝑇
QG3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallG3= 4m x 3m

Area of WallG3 = 12m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QG3 = 𝑅𝑇

12𝑚2 (25−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QG3 =6.06W

WallG4

𝐴∆𝑇
QG4 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallG4= Area of wall – [(Area of door)]

= 8m2 – [1.854m2]

Area of WallG4= 6. 155m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QG4 = 𝑅𝑇

6.155𝑚2 (25−24)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QG4 =3.13W
For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (25−24)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 7.05W

For Windows using conduction:

Area of Window = ( 0.6m x 0.4m)= 0.24m2

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 x 0.24 m2 x (45-25)
𝑊

QW =28.32W

For flooring@ 28C using conduction:

Asoil=(3m x 3m) =9m2

9𝑚2 (28−25)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=14.133W

For ceiling@ 35C using conduction:

A=(3m x 3m) =9m2

9𝑚2 (35−25)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
= 150W
0.6
𝑾
For Comfort Room H@ 25C
For walls using conduction:
WallH1

𝐴∆𝑇
QH1 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallH1=Area of Wall-(Area of windows)

Area of WallH1 = (3m x 4m) – (0.6m x 0.4m)

Area of WallH1=11.76m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QH1 = 𝑅𝑇

11.76𝑚2 (45−25)𝐾
= 𝑚2 −𝐾
1.97997
𝑊

QH1 =118.79W

Area of WallH2= 4m x 2m

Area of WallH2 =8 m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QH2 = 𝑅𝑇

8𝑚2 (45−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QH2 =80.80W
For walls:

WallH3

𝐴∆𝑇
QH3 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallH3= 4m x 3m

Area of WallH3 = 12m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QH3 = 𝑅𝑇

12𝑚2 (27−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QH3 =12.12W

WallH4

𝐴∆𝑇
QH4 = 𝑅𝑇

Area of WallH4= Area of wall – [(Area of door)]

= 8m2 – [1.854m2]

Area of WallH4= 6. 155m2

𝐴∆𝑇
QH4 = 𝑅𝑇

6.155𝑚2 (27−25)
= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.97997
𝑾

QH4 =6.2W
For Doors using conduction:

𝐴∆𝑇
QD= 𝑅𝑇

1.845𝑚2 (27−25)
= 0.04445
0.17

QD = 14.11W

For Windows using conduction:

Area of Window = ( 0.6m x 0.4m)= 0.24m2

QW=UA(T2-T1)

𝑚2 −𝑘
=5.9 x 0.24 m2 x (45-25)
𝑊

QW =28.32W

For flooring @ 28C using conduction:

Asoil=(3m x 3m) =9m2

9𝑚2 (28−25)
QS= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
1.9104
𝑾

Qs=14.133W

For ceiling@ 35C using conduction:

A=(3m x 3m) =9m2

9𝑚2 (35−25)
Qc= 𝒎𝟐 −𝑲
= 150W
0.6
𝑾
Total Heat Load for Comfort Rooms:

Room Total Heat Load

Comfort Room A 450.683W
Comfort Room G 408.283W
Comfort Room H 424.473W

Total Heat Load for Comfort Rooms: 1283.44W

R. Lighting

Computing for the total heat load of lighting in the building:

𝑸 = 𝑳𝒂𝒎𝒑 𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒊𝒏 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒔 𝒙 𝑭𝒖 𝒙 𝑭𝒃 𝒙 𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔

Where: Fu = utilization factor of installed lamps in use (1.0)

Fb = ballast factor for fluorescent lamps (1.2)

CLF = cooling load factor from Table 4-6 from Refrigeration and Air-conditioning by
Stoecker and Jones.

For the whole building, use 32W T8 fluorescent lamp

Computation for the number of lights needed for each room.

Lumens = Lux x Area

A standard light has 100 lumens per watt

𝐿𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚

Number of lights = 32𝑊
 Room Area Lux
2
Partition A 81 m 250
Partition B 36 m2 500
Partition C 36 m2 250
Partition D 30 m2 1000
Partition E 30 m2 500
Partition F 30 m2 500
Partition G 30 m2 250
Partition H 30 m2 250
Partition I 30 m2 250
Partition J 63 m2 150
Partition K 40.5 m2 500
Partition L 40.5 m2 500
Partition M 83.3 m2 150
Partition N 83.3 m2 150
Partition O 83.3 m2 150
Partition P 54 m2 150
https://www.archtoolbox.com/materials-systems/electrical/recommended-lighting-levels-in-buildings.html

For Room A

Lumens = 250 x 81 m2

A standard light has 100 lumens per watt

20250
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

202.5𝑊
Number of lights = = 6 lights
32𝑊

For Room B

Lumens = 500 x 36 m2

A standard light has 100 lumens per watt

18000𝑊
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

180𝑊
Number of lights = = 6 lights
32𝑊
For Room C

Lumens = 250 x 36 m2

A standard light has 100 lumens per watt

9000
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

90𝑊
Number of lights = 32𝑊 = 3 lights

For Room D

Lumens = 1000 x 30 m2

A standard light has 100 lumens per watt

30000
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

300𝑊
Number of lights = = 9 lights
32𝑊

For Room E and F

Lumens = 500 x 30 m2

A standard light has 100 lumens per watt

150000
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

150𝑊
Number of lights = = 5 lights x 2 = 10 lights
32𝑊

For Room G to I

Lumens = 250 x 30 m2

7500
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

75𝑊
Number of lights = 32𝑊 = 2 lights x 3= 6 lights
For Room J

Lumens = 150 x 63 m2

A standard light has 100 lumens per watt

9450
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

94.5𝑊
Number of lights = = 3 lights
32𝑊

For Room K and L

Lumens = 500 x 40.5 m2

A standard light has 100 lumens per watt

20250
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

202.5𝑊
Number of lights = = 6 lights x 2 = 12 lights
32𝑊

For Room M to O

Lumens = 150 x 83.3 m2

12500
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

125𝑊
Number of lights = = 4 lights x 3 = 12 lights
32𝑊

For Room P

Lumens = 150 x 54 m2

A standard light has 100 lumens per watt

8100
Total Watt per Room =100 𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡

81𝑊
Number of lights = 32𝑊 = 3 lights
Total Number of lights = 6+6+3+9+10+6+3+12+12+3 = 70 lights

𝑸 = 𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒍𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝒙 𝑳𝒂𝒎𝒑 𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒊𝒏 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒕𝒔 𝒙 𝑭𝒖 𝒙 𝑭𝒃

𝑸 = 𝟑𝟐𝑾 𝒙 𝟏. 𝟎 𝒙 𝟏. 𝟐 𝒙 𝟕𝟎

Qlights= 2688W

Where: Fu = utilization factor of installed lamps in use (1.0)

Fb = ballast factor for fluorescent lamps (1.2)

S. Occupancy

1000𝑚2
Total number of person: 15 𝑚2

Total number of person: 65 person

Assuming that every person work and each occupies 15m2 and industrial working that has
450W of heat gain and 35% sensible heat gain Refrigeration and Air-conditioning by
Stoecker and Jones.

From Table 4-7 (Stoecker)

Heat Gain per person = (heat gain)(1-sensible heat gain)

Heat Gain per person = (450W) (1-0.35)

Heat Gain per person = 292.5W per person

Therefore, Q = (292.5W/person)(65 persons) = 19012.5W

Total Heat Load for the 1000 m2 Oyster Mushroom Farm

Partition Heat Load

A 8470.76 W
B 10153.14 W
C 3280.78 W
D 7133.57 W
E 5808.43 W
F 6042.82 W
G 6801.92 W
H 6174.83 W
I 9607 W
J 20300 W
K 21279.57 W
L 8500 W
M 20231.65 W
N 19214.7 W
O 20231.65 W
P 27701.4W
Q 1283.44 W
R 2688 W
S 19012.5 W

Total Heat Load for the 1000 m2 Oyster Mushroom Farm: 223,916.16W