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As agreed please find attached the Final Term Exam, you should:
1. Answer ALL questions, Part1 & Part2
2. Use your text book, extra text book, the internet, and other references.
3. DON'T discuss or share, by any means of communication, with any other class students (even for those who are
4. It is NOT ACCEPTED to just copy and paste from any source, your interpretation and write-up is a MUST to g
5. Reply with your file .xls, of your answer to ME ONLY, to ashraf@ashrafelsafty.com .
6. MUST include your first name and family name WITHIN the file name (ex.: DrAshrafElsafty-E-RM-42E-Final
7. Use BLUE color for your text answers, or just fill in the shaded blocks.
8. Email directly to ME ONLY no later than agreed deadline day and time 25th Jan. 2014, 10:00 pm) otherw
As I mentioned before for the mid-term and during our classes, we are studying to learn, and we are now leveragin
So please focus on your time and answers to learn while filling the exam.
I hope I did met your expectations, and now you as a researcher, you will be responsible for what you have learned
country and your people.
Hope you gained the ultimate scientific benefit from the course and me as well.
Kind Regards,
6 Why is the ratio scale the most powerful of the four scales? (1
paragraph, use example)
7 Below are three scenarios. For each, indicate how the
researcher should proceed with the following, giving reasons
covering:
The purpose of the study
The type of investigation
The extent of researcher interference
The study setting
The time horizon for the study
The unit of analysis.
Scenario A: Ms. Joyce Lynn, the owner of a small business (a
woman’s dress boutique), has invited a consultant to tell her how she
is different from similar small businesses within a 60-mile radius, in
regard to her usage of the most modern computer technology, sales
volume, profit margin, and staff training.
Variable
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Moderating variable
9 Exercise 4.7
Situation 1
Situation 2
Situation 3
10 Exercise 4.8
Variable
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Intervening variable
Moderating variable
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Dr. Ashraf Elsafty
Research Methods
ESLSCA 42E
Final Exam
Part TWO
a. Exploratory research.
b. Descriptive research.
c. Causal research.
d. Experimental research.
If a bank manager wants to analyze the relationship between interest rates and
bank deposit patterns of clients, a ‘field study’ is the most suitable method of
investigation.
A. true
B. false
A. true
B. false
Studies, when data on the dependent variable are gathered at two or more
points in time to answer the research question, are called:
a. Cross-sectional studies.
b. Longitudinal studies.
c. Exploratory studies.
d. Case studies.
Which of the following studies is a causal study? The researcher tries to find
out:
a. What percentage of the population thinks commercials are annoying
compared to 10 years ago.
b. Why unemployment in Europe is higher than in Asia.
c. If smoking is related to cancer.
d. All the above answers are correct.
a. A field study.
b. A field experiment.
c. A lab experiment.
d. None of the above.
____________ studies are also necessary when some facts are known, but more
information is needed for developing a viable theoretical framework.
a. Exploratory.
b. Descriptive.
c. Causal.
d. Experimental.
The extent of interference by the researcher with the normal flow of work at the
workplace has a direct bearing on whether the study undertaken is causal or
correlational.
A. true
B. false
A. true
B. false
A. true
B. false
A. true
B. false
The unit of analysis refers to the level of aggregation of the data collected
during the subsequent data analysis stage.
A. true
B. false
A study can be done in which data are gathered just once, perhaps over a
period of days or weeks or months, in order to answer a research question. Such
studies are called:
a. Cross-sectional studies.
b. Longitudinal studies.
c. Exploratory studies.
d. Case studies.
Objects include:
a. Persons, strategic business units, and companies.
b. Countries, cars, and arousal seeking tendency.
c. Elephants, kitchen appliances, and shopping enjoyment.
d. Restaurants, shampoo, and service quality.
Operationalizing is:
a. Designing questionnaires.
b. Translating a problem definition into a research question.
c. Making an abstract concept measurable.
d. Defining difficult concepts in the research proposal.
A. true
B. false
What is the type of scale of the variable ‘age’ if it is measured in the following
way?
“What is your age? ____ years.”
a. Nominal.
b. Ordinal.
c. Interval.
d. Ratio.
a. A nominal scale.
b. An ordinal scale.
c. An interval scale.
d. A ratio scale.
The difference between an ordinal and a ratio scale is that a ratio scale has an
arbitrary zero point.
A. true
B. false
Army rank (such as lieutenant, captain, major, colonel, general, etc.) is ordinal
in nature.
A. true
B. false
A lady stands on a pair of scales three times in a row. The first time she weighs
69 kilo, the second time 69 kilo, and the third time 69 kilo. Her real weight is 51
kilo. What is the matter with the scales?
a. The pair of scales is not reliable and not valid.
b. The pair of scales is reliable but is not valid.
c. The pair of scales is not reliable but is valid.
d. The pair of scales is reliable and valid.
Whereas panels meet for a one-time group session, focus groups meet more
than once.
A. true
B. false
A. true
B. false
The advantage of seeking secondary data sources is savings in time and costs
of acquiring information.
A. true
B. false
Unstructured interviews are so labeled because the interviewer does not enter
the interview setting with a planned sequence of questions to be asked of the
respondent.
A. true
B. false
Structured interviews are those conducted when it is known at the outset what
information is needed.
A. true
B. false
The way questions are sequenced could also introduce certain biases,
frequently referred to as the ordering effects.
A. true
B. false
A. true
B. false
“Do you think there is a good market for the product and that it will sell well?”
“Don’t you think that in these days of escalating costs of living, employees
should be given good pay raises?”
a. Leading.
b. Loaded.
c. Double-barreled.
d. Ambiguous.
The sequence of questions in the questionnaire should be such that you end
with questions that respondents refuse to answer.
A. true
B. false
A. true
B. false
Convenience sampling and quota sampling are examples of probability
sampling.
A. true
B. false
a. Convenience sampling.
b. Simple random sampling.
c. Stratified sampling.
d. Quota sampling.
A. true
B. false
The results of probability sampling are less generalizable than the results of
non-probability sampling.
A. true
B. false
The payroll of an organization would serve as the sampling frame if its members
are to be studied.
A. true
B. false
Thanks
Dr Ashraf Elsafty
Answer, ONLY using A or B or C or D or E
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