a iC) et i and eine INSTRUCTORS SOLUTION MANUAL BUC Beh bat US Ure Er Sey UT -e THOMAS J. OVERBYE THOMSON Seger ENGINEERINGTHOMSON 4 ENGINEERING COPYRIGHT © 2008 by Thomson Engineering, a division of Thomson Leaming Inc ‘Thomson Engineering isa registered trademark used herein under license. For more information contact Nelson, 1120 Birchmount Road, Scarborouga, Ontario MIK 5G4, Or you can visit our Internet site at www.engineering thomsonlearning,com ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, web distribution or information storage and retrieval systems—without the written permission of the publisher.Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Table of Contents Fundamentals Power Transformers Transmission-Line Parameters ‘Transmission Lines: Steady-State Operation Power Flows Symmetrical Faults Symmetrical Components Unsymmetrical Faults System Protection Power-System Controls Transmission Lines: Transient Operation Transient Stability 119 298CHAPTER Bee () Rye 8 Lge" = 5 Len ad aj ames] a asad 4-93 Wey Bye -a-gae Jato (tax! S$ es Asa ce Saasa3” Se Bays Rye ha 2(2-54 94-33) 4 (Ha gas ns adoadzosan/iacs” > Bag e Ay Re -G Loo") (5 223208") 228 fated aa) 422.99 drags ce Ag eB [Bae sled [5 famerd 21 [200-08 a Ve (oo ET goofsse 2 346.4~j200 thy A Cbs S Am Cook #18") 2S an(ot i890" )2 Sex (cok 75") Los (8/ay Lets 23.506 L758" = 00st -4 3.415 CS) Le Gay L236 +5 L275" = Gang ibaa) + (e294 54-83) = Bs -§6.244 2 728 /- 59,06" i jo ce, Neen =GIG8V 5 TL = 200A Ch) Ns 6788/2 AROV 5 Ls 200/iP 14a d «> Ve sao fos vy 5 Tz Wa 1-8 A Bs Beja-jac cede: 5 (Se 2 co Ee oo fo") /(5 (584°) = 20 f-sad an TUE CORREMT LAGS TE souRcE veLTAGE BY BSBA Powee Factoe + Ces SB =z 0-6 LAGaING Ziq s SCI Caee we) 2d Were ee Bas JCary Gxwr>s 4 ses Bo a5 : 2-4 rear GCaawe > Low v fz TME cigcuir TRANSFORMED To PUASER Doman 1% va ie Shown BELow: Baema JuSae mewwe: 129 Zet 2 (Ge Le") Coin josd + Views eV a taeZe* = Co Lod Cote 4o-3) se Wat edteo = WALT Ne Kann, 240 Cay pds WOEDACE = [678-8 conCeat -105" TL 200 en Cat Sd], P * & 78-8) (200) [Larrea Cat ~ nor) 4 zw Ta nto 4 G88 x tot aos C2mt— ne) ws (ey Ps Va aa(S-p) = 4sox tara en (-108"4 8") F —WI9 xto* fy ARsonaes = + tsa kw aeuiverD CP Qe VE Am ($B) « 480» 1Abd Aca (—t00") FECES xI0T VAR ABsoRBED a + 66-85 kvaR meLWEerD (A> MME Pwason cuneenr (£9 > tana Las mise = tana Zevest a LEAVES "MME ToSITIVE TERMWAL OF MIS GENERATOR, nHE Genenang Pees ACTER 16 mes On Gies'ei95") = 6 I73G LARaingQuy con PED = BLE) ACE» BAN 419-58 eet Cutest) mw eTGEd nie* CE) [iwan Cat eer] BABA RIO” & BBRant” an Comte) W Ps VE cn C&-p> = avis 385 Gro’ 3.826 kw Qe VE Aw CEPI = 8 var SOURCE FUER ERCTR : CoCS-BIs Gn Cad-ad) x bo SC PCED UCR) ACR) 2 Bane wu 08-4 Gen Cookaad Cos Cost Go") x beet wet C4) Lan ae w on C2ek- 209] 5 20h wo" Ge Caab-a0 DW Pe VE an (S-6> 2 2114 13:46 Om Cads6T) 20 w Qe VE Aim CEB = BVT 73846 A 2 20.35 kvar FS 4 en Ci-pd = 0 Lagan ed PCED = WCE) ACEI BAT * 15-67 Cor Casku se?) Coo (cot acl) = Gps nto? CL) (om Cad) wen Creat iso%)] z B.064 wi? Go Cr2ak sis ) W Pr VI GnCS-B) = 277% Wos On Cac-z8) 20 Ww Qs ViAw (SB. 21H hee Arm Cae Dd = B06 kvar Aeseneen = + 3.064 kvAR Danvers PS = em CEB) = om (qe) ze Leaping 232 Co back): GIBB worse ca Cok+as?y Acot «io CL) [1 con Crest adr] 2-200 x10" «2.304, 210% Gn (20k a0") W SeQAR conte {b> bcers [e788 en Cot +4870) Larcn Cat easton] 2 BAS KIO” Ca Coke 4b?) Om Cork in8") a baa KO* (Ly Low CRO) + cm Caer 180d) 2 2d x to a6 Cock aise" > . e421 RAO Ate 2k Ww Ce Pe VI/R = (67 BARY /to = 2.s0ar10" W AbsotseD (a> G2 VI/x e Corte aS [25 = a2 0 van Derwvener eo Cpe8) > ta C@/PD = bag! (EBA sae PS = Om CSB) eG C= 208") 20.9285 Leasing 246 (eo Bs Redx, 2 tenjess 260 (68d a ACky= (6782/26.93) an Cakvase ond) a BS 2ven Cake us) A Pa Ck d= [ae-21 co Cat + wae] Lasant an Cesk + 3.279] = GBS5 xt” Garé Cork + 3-2) e BNIS KI Brie mie Ge ( ack + 226047) We 98 J) (b> BCe) = [25.2 em Cab + Wee? YL 60-2 Co lbatts.a = 7:944 wo? Aw [a Cokensae>] w cer Be T4R = Casa) Cod « ste kw Assersen @ @Q: xx (250/ 2Y Cas) s 444 kvar Deuvesen @ ps = ca ben (aes) = cn [ tas! (1-944 / any) 2 GBA Leaping “6-254 @ E:ale ka Ge 22 .@ Las) (aut). 8 f-astky CED: BY en Cotas) ky Peers wees LCtys (BF on Cat~a5'y] Lara coat} = GA CA) [ clas) + on Cacmt-as yy B 22GB + B2 er (2mt-as°> Mw (9 Pe view Cd-pys 84 a (-45' 0°) = anes MW Detivered w Qe VLAWC d-Bos 8x4 Aw (-48to"D 2 2 = 22.63 MAR DELUVERED x 422.63 MVAR ABSORBED (ar PS = Gn CIB) = em Caso) 2 0.707 Leaning ans @> ts (Klay ee] (elas) = WB deta ACk} 2 2WGO Cok ee) A wim Ge ATT nadls pe) = wCED ACL) = ALomad 4 on Crabs a>] 2 BAG © han Cat 4a) Ww CB) WEED, ACEY, amd CE) ane plated below: (see wexk baged (> The bantantemcews pouter Mar an average valse of 3.46 bi, anh the Sreyaeney vo Lucee prak of Mus vealkage & curnent , ~7-2G conta, (0.000 01003 0065 COGS Hors Sais GOVE oat om Caz oso (09 Be lov jizem ocd sow dt tee (88a on pS 2 OR S6.0" 2 0 S58 LAcang Ga wna fey UML CURRENT SUPPLIED BY HE SeuRCE 15 Tx Gao Le 1) Gas (864°) 2 cca Lasea 4 SME REAL PoweR ABSORBED GY THA LeAD IS awveN BY P tae x 6.63% On 56 > Adow wren cam Be cwecKen BY TR GEST 10 2 dae Ww THE REACTIVE feWER ABSOERAD BY ME LOAD IS Qe WOK SES * Am S64" 2 GOB VAR (er PEAK WAGHENC EMReGY a Ws Lite ca (6.63% 2 eT Qe QWe FIX L162 CoB VAR 15 SATISFIED,& ms z\ay geo. t* Sle err 4 (> = —J2 wur A» (ot+o) PU d= wh)-AlEds -2eL ssw Cak se) en Cotagd Be WhI Aw Mokye) «— = - QAM aCubAB) = CC) Avewrce rem PoweR P SurrHED TENE WHDUETR =O a IstastaNcous Powse sureiieD ( Te SUSTAIN THE CUAwaINA ENERGY IW me MagHEnc FIELD HAS A MAKIMUM VALUE OF GQ. <—b> © SB. 9". Zt. Ree] «4 lev) = P+5Q Peete ei ten/ ee iqicea tens faeces Cuong £Cb) = RT eet, men UCkd= (2 Zr eo(ot+ /Z> He pCeys VAMC = ZT coCate Le). cnet > at [enle + carats lad] + ax [oole tenreton/a~ Amauk rndz) = PP Ciremtwk)—@ Amweat 4 2. Rasols 2 soc From famcay ps Ra ore Qe A+ Qa Where Ql = wT bud Qa When ARE THE REACTWE PERS ImTD L AND C ResrecrWELy, THs bCb) = PC 14 cma) ~ @ rcarut —@_Am2ul a ER ce*hezy, @.+@, 2 Quo ee Tuan bCty = PCleenzak) \ -10~289 ano SoavA, 5250 a wan f= Soon ae * Cay 82 VB" Cisco fw) CS dese) = 750 Lee = BIS +4 CaaS Re ReC Sd = B15 W apseeser, Qe In (3): 649-5 VaR assoneen ThE PowED TRIAWELE 18 Gives Berens a: Se TBONA 7 | canis VAR A Pete OB LNGenG ” ce Gg = Pken Oy = B15 baw Com 7-8) 5 1eh.62 vam, @g > Ay Be = CAV -181-62 = 467.88 VAR Weise +0108 [nad 2 0 043% —je.025 = 4. Roles B 7 . a 2 ooter Jaf s 008 440-05 2G, +48, | ee aa 5 BookL =ASSABED 2 VIB, sGooos + B00 VAR DELNERED Voz hah > SSW et |tetes TOW @,= S00 96S.AVR =2S0VAR Waa DEUWERED Mea ae f ao: colors asst . Bz Peed, = tooo ban (anet ) eae = 1020-2. kvar Re toon bey i bet Cotes 2B.Be Agr Pkang, = toes ten (aaa) = 484-3 van Baer AiG = eRe — 484-2 BAS kvak Set QQ e BBS,.4 kya sx StwcwRoweus MoTeR ABEERES PL a Nove RO TAG ek @,, 20 kvar a ee on Wag Pye Pe Ro tone + 828.4 = \sag-a kw 2873 LA Gang 2.22 cm Ye 1 . sae aaees = ais (254-04 Bai / 54.04" bs = 60882443 otant = zo Ss 3 ay; v- fF iat Be0o . (arran> oBB24 0-1), s ee Pe ve Cae = 103.08 ¥ P= VEG, = Cleseay Cocsezed= 937.60 PVG, = (ledseey Cond: le62-6w Cy Vey = Yet = olesr-joant «ease /-38a" Te = Vey = (199-08) (o-2284) = 24.63A tae228 or * 5 Gao Le") Cas L=36") = sooo /- 307 2 2896.1—4 \Beo Pe ReCS) + 2598.1 w Dewvered Qe Inn CB) = = 1h0G VAR DEUVERED = + IBOOVAR ABsoRBED B+ Rada, stesso 5 &, 5 Bas 10 Lose. = Fe he. 354 we Oe "0:98 2 4.286 Lait s BIg 2.885 Se 5+ Ble 5, s ata rdvata = 2792/2008 Pg + Re C Sq) = 27-78 kw yt InCS,) = tara kvan S, a \ S| = 27-82 ka : 2 tte kes Qe HATakvAR aku sate < Gey 3 > 1200 +40 = 4B Go} + e+ 4az00 Bae Vet" ChEneni*s axe i? = -j4 (2002 0-4 loo COMPLE POWER ABSRECD OY TM -wTAL Lond 5, oas* Bar Bp 5, + 2o0e L304 20.00 VA Power TRIANGLE: Wooo var, COMPLER POUER DELWERED RY TUE SouRCE IS. LA i WaeoH Saovter = VT" = Coo de (20 LoBa0Y 2 2000 (83° THE COMPLEN PoURE DELIVERED BY THE SeuecE 1S EQUAL TO THE TOTAL comtien Foeg ARSEROED OH THE LeAD, nigeCOD THE PROBLER 4S MODELED AS Suoum In FIGURE Beem: joa 5 ero Pi = 0-85 LAgaina G+ Cat oes= aina® POWER TRIANGLE FoR THE LeADS s eet bee Gawd é - - = ped kam Sus Pedars vans farina’ kva 4 eee Be Su[V = taryiso/aso y 294.18 A REAL Poune Lose imme Lue 1s ZERO. REACTIVE POWER LES WME LW IS ive = EK iue 2 Qader 1 = Ge.si2 WAR Os Bye Cg ed@y = 20 4 C14 sea 86512) = 2007/5226 kya THE IneUT WETAGE IS GiveR BY Vez Sy [t= 682-4V (mad TUE POWER FACTOR AT THE PET LS Ged SB-28 = OG LAGAING > Arena KVL, Gos Ate fo + bte C2aans /-a9") = GaS5+jaseo 2 Gara Jas” V Cray (RE), = co Causta aieia) =o Lagawa “tq27 TRE CaReUIT DIAGRAM 18 Sheen SeLow: orp = BEETS Qagge Pars ben Ca), avs Kyvar Pug eSoku, Cn"ogs acer’, @ 1. Bigg e Sesce J ats00 Gwe Cotags arena , Si. 2 Sqc00 +5 Bocce baw Ciaia’) = Sepee #416480 wence Soap > Saar — Sa = -d2tero vA ayete cs SS KE a (rt) G20 7 AS-228 Sys s24 56-667 Biz 4€0-46) ~34 [Aon Cod e968.) = 3.84 4112 Sy: 1ssho Sree = StS, +5, = (Bo 844 45-541) kva Cy Ler 2 be THE TMPEDANCE eae COMBINATION oF Rand X Since B+ UE" vay AT Fottous THAT 2 3) ena SEE MEEEEEEe east : 09 -jov325a) a, = "ae 4495 -S41) 40) 80% 440-3254) 2 — Qi) Ler Se me imcevance of A PARALLEL ComBiNA TION CF R ANDY, 2 mer RR. (240) sot etl (30-84) 10 2. x= G4or elo BBBB VW (B41) 107 © (tert || Geren) a 224 Since Complex PMERS Bansey KEL AT EACH EUS, IT FeLLowS THAT Spa = 4d = i259 = Co 4 4402) = org 4b am Bye-Bye oaedys ae SAMIEARLYT | Re = (OB Ho 5) =a grd = (Hog ror )= Ort ahoT a Ba Bi obese ae av ous 3, By, = Sat Sy, = Giaedea d+ Ga -for Sag ae aeseet (028) = TTA LAGONG B= i258 (aa 2 95 44120 $= 1o-jao @) FoR LOAD AY Beas Sora = Sit 52+ 5z > GOrj BO = too (5aF kvA = PSO .. = Gokw 5 aso ve Rogen 2 SOK 5 Que BORVAR skVARg Ee Spent WORYA. surrer eg 2 Ga (snus) = 0G Laces <— eae: : = seer to® L283 tog /esats A eran —\e0e Ze" AT THE REN PF oF 0B Lacing, B,., oF Gokw Resuurs I TE NEw RERCTIVE Powe Qi, SUCH THAT ‘ ° Oo = Cor Cosy: S687’ Ane Q's Go tonC3687) = Askvar Fe THE RE@URED CAPACIBR'S KVAR IS = 80-452 a5kvar 4— Ge an fe . 2 aw fouows men XQ 2 Mo 2 Goo). jy ag-57 a BSo00 boo cs te BALES MF Bw (eoy CaaS) : z THE NEW CORREKT IS Ef Sinaa eee = Go-gas ~*~ ie00 7e? ae = 75 (2 Beata “THE SURPLY CURRENT, I MAGI URE, 1S RERLCED FROM WDA T ISA, 4 —@m F,- WH-wde o(y ie v x Lad -(% 4s ot) ~ % a Bee ie e = Nu fag. Complex Powers Goa Ti = Yds + (98-8, = +88, MW fad . Vive Jae. ML dad ~ Ae des CLOTHE REAL AnD REACKWE ROWER AT ME SewOmG ee ARE 7 o Fa YW cas’ _ _ en (ad +8,-&) ye AM (S82) ee Sate “ Aw Cad 8-529 My ax = V2.8 (8-9 | ee mores SF Uy Lanos Ga, 5.5.83 restos Aa Me REAL CEE, Bigs Fon MIDE Lenn, REG LACS o, , Fis wacnnue, AnD Pugh Verws Pham noe. 2 TF NODE A ve Qe = (b> Maximurs Fewer TRAWSFER occurs wen Fz ad == S a MY: Caceeeaoee ous -18-Problem 2.32 Qeap= 5 Mvar minimizes the real power line losses (0.25 MW). {If Quap has a value of 5.5 Mvar, the MVA power flow is minimized with a value of 10.25 “MVA. Problem 2.33 Problem 2.34 Quap = 7.5 Mvar -19-2.35 =< : quant A PSE] Fb (Admittance valves are Ghoton) v, = GAs -1 4480) Pa Ter. 950) 8 (O~1ead 146i ETM? One +itnay | -o.#9G¢04)4AaS0! a 146) [E4867° -osnsoeiiaso] o-sneeisaan} Lo 166) [78.67 BE, HEME} oAar-qascy —~ C440 ~] pel [etic Lee? Vin NOTE THAT THERE ARE Twe BUSES PLUS THE REFERENCE BUS Awp ONG LINE FoR THIS PROBLEM, APTER ConvERTING THE VOLTAGE SOURCES IN FIG.2.23 To CURRERT SOURCES, THE EQUIVALENT Sounes IMPEDANCES ARE? gy = Bea = (On + S08) // (-t0.1) = Cations) (40.4) Ot+I10,6 -10-4 = (0.5089 [18:69°)(0.1 /-205) ee Mew Sanne oniagy [2 SeeP = o,0068¢a-Jongse OL TWE REST 1S LEFT AS AN EXERCISE To TNE STUDENT. -20-237 Agter Converting immpectance valves m Figure 2-29 te adrmrvtay Valves, tre bus adimitieue matrix 15 ' “1 ° 5 Yue fe Oreebre bh) -G@-) = Ga ° -(g-hy (4 -hieigeiy) -(i. eo ta “G4 Ges y-tg) writms nodal eguations by “Inspection? 1 -1 ° ° Mie | | 120° =1 Qos-Fi) Cosssthi) -o.s Mo [2] 0 © (ro.sass4i1) (o.33¢3-Joas) ~ Jos Fae ° O ~o.as —fo.urs (oas-Jo,08)|] Vio) [2132] OhoLeWe RDOOTTANCE DIAGRAM [oR THE SYSTEM 15 Shown Stew: 4 Xa Ge Sis Vim H85 25 BO ° Sen Maa Yaw Sea ae 81s 50 ® Yoav “Yae Yas You so Bo HIS IS Fa Yad San Van ° 2 1B IBS, BeBe whe 2 San Bae atts 5 Sent Fhia wy Van Yat te = Bas Vine Ment he 5 Yan Mee e bas nwo Sous Yas > bee 2.39 o> Yo Ya ay ~% “te | Tine = Seta ate Xe % | lize - ie Tae oe | |e -% ~% © Senkys%all S| 1Ey BR2:34 conto, ae tas BS A os a ° 8 “1k 5 a es a eee eaeeereeces we" | dene a hd coe la 0062 Lovee VeusV¥ = i 5 Your Your V = Yeu t 181 os GBB OBBOT OCIA 5 flocs oteas oncnan 0.6288 WERE Pee Neus * Favs* Gael T0450 GBD 0 BECO eiG194 a GBSB 618660 0. GEde Ny imeme Gc] Su) el hee! ° vy Me oe win seve for dg s zon Lo V Cassunen as REFERENCED Tee + ee Lavv, Enero dere Yon, tretLe” 2 yp.o1 fae 2 (ow dot) 1 E30" > Fnet A Des AS Levens = see Loo & 3 vi Zoe Wet. aon Ce | oe pee ree Gora Le 2 36.02 90s (O¥gBs.02) wort: Zye Ba (3 ~23~Sag = VB Wir, LestCes) = IE zea nae /cavtoe a Tacs nto? LER 2 5.Ted nid oj A828 aioe eae Cas fas 3 Be Cana) = stg ku 1 Qgge terCSng)e 4.929 kevan “pariweee> Ss Tes POWER TRIARGLE Qe 4-s2a var Fe anea ku 2.42 B62, (Qa wim Vay AS Reseeence . Fs Van, on foad Galsd 5 (ear lon, ” viet 2449325 (2087 R = 24-02 (cata gt Blow dos BCi20n (226) Caaccz (x66-87") = 8654 /aceT" = GAZS+S BIND = GAZE W , Gags SIAL VAR ; Bom ABSCEBED BY ME LoAD sO (BERT) 20-B LAgna; Sag | Sae\s BE54V5 Vee Va te pero ler v FE, = 24.02 (66-87% —1S.87/234-87" ABAB CO) TRAUB FORMING THE Aq CanmneTeD teAD Into AN EQUIVALENT xv, WE IMPEDANCE PER PUASE of TH E@oivALEUT Y 15 3 Go-4s5 i Zi» Sas? .@o-jisy a vy = BSB Lio TaKen AS A Rerceener, WITH THE PHASE VOLTAGE TE PERAPUASE EQuIvAteuT CIRCUT Is Buewe BEL + an San TOTAL \WREDANER VIEWED FROIN THR INPUT TRRMINALS 1S Ba naa ao CROrdho C88) oy ke eel Geoxhaed + (26-515) - Seely. 120 Lo* rs oe sis A THE TURGE-Puben contian Pune suPPtICD © 3233, 2" 1e00W Pa Boo ond Q2O VAR DELVERED BT TE StupWicenD SouRce Gh> PHAgE VouTAGE AT Leap Teammate V,2 Ine Zo" (24da) Ca ler v = to-dz0 x Weg Loto. THE LINE VOLTAGE Acar TUDE AT THe LomD TERMINAL 15 (Viens Qu, = YB we = lasca ¥ G]) Tee cugnent Par PHASE IN THE Y~COnMECTED Lea AUD IN THE RaWV.Y of me Asneap; Ty2 Me = qa >22062-63.4° A = Aehus 4.472 L2650°A THE PHASE CURRENT MAGHITODE In THR ORIGIWAL A-ComvecTED LOAD cz ~ 2, 2 SAT 2 2sern Gea 5 a 25 ~RAB comm, THE THREA-PUASE GOMPLEN PoUkR ABSORBED Bx EACH LOAD 18 ky ee e Se ash. asow ~« dace var Bas BU EL 2 i200 - 4 a0 ver THE TWREE-PHASE COMeLEN PowER ABSORBED BY ME Lint iS ci . a a Sle BCR waxy 272 3 (ax3 AVY a Sots joee van, TE GUM OF LeAD POWERS AND Line Losses 18 EQUAL TO ms. powER DEUVERED FROM THE SePPLY » SB. + BL S. 2 50+ 4600 4 1200-5400) +(i80 “jee0) > \@oow + jo vag -26-(AD THE PER PHASE ROUIVALENT CiRcurt FoR THE PROBLEM 18 Shown Beloy EF osm dag 2008. sro0y Tawa AS REF, TOTAL COMPLEX ReER AT THE LOAD END om RECRWING Ku 1S. PUASE VOLTAGE AT THE Loa TERMINALS 1S Vy = Sggagy t 86010107 + gorse) 41h2 = $28 4y396 2660 /36.07° Ss vas var PWAsE VorTAgE UV, AB REFERENeE , =* 5 Gée,e00 L-30.81" roe B Cae) i too /- 36.87" A aoe. oes ae % Cazes lo") & “PHASE VOLTAGE AT Skumia EMD 1S GivAN BY Vy, = 2200 fo* » Co-aagaa ico (6.27) = 2e01/ase'y TWH PAGHICUDE of THE LINE To LINE VoLIAGE AT THE SEnmine wD of ma Lintis ue = EBM = SB (ee) = 4160 ¥ (by THE THRLE-PHASE COMPLEX PoWRE LeBS IN THE Link Is divin BY Sengy = BRIT A ama? 2 a Coad ed BC) Ge = vakw + jer kvar (E> THE TUREE-PuASE SEmDING FoweR 1s Sacagy = Bi E%= 8 Casein Za-se*) Co L36-87°) + Saokn + dant kvar Nore mT Secaas * Saesey + Sica) “2bB45 cay Qs 75 01 eva, tolew eee yr 1.265 2 Pye Pe evag hear 2 28kw S: 2004 wie” s 2 > Ahestnel 2 ac0Tk Wu JB case) (bh) THE AMHUTER READS ZERO, BECAUSE IN A BALANCED THREE . PHASE SYSTEM | THERE 18 No NeUTRAL CURRENT. 2:46 cao : a nos . 2 ° 9 Noms tg 4a 5 6.067 L608 ff ee < Bala : sing Veutaat owision, T= Sa, Ah Go. 208 Sat Lest au’ Sacra (eeegesy * Leap veurnae Vag = SB 10S «ey Cage 228 2y a5 Gee int 28 le ©) i 4 cae Vow os Van —_—_— = 1288 2 (228 pay va38 [mst : ls) kG Ss THE USAD Ling Wine voltage Is Yo C28 120% une tesa / aac" Vv \S26V CLD Bey =Gcer Le" || C-deeer> 8" on See : ja88 ee od a] Naa [nasty + Baas wey= 2 cor Eqs TE fnawton : oR = 2B.8b 6-81 TB (AG0) Cord? & 7 Ge Vor - Fumes Far = 2 [es = Com ave) Gaa-se Lea?) S 216-4 Letts Vine te NEUTRAL Loam veurage Viz AB aca e SITY Line Live I 2 (b> Ele _Bexro cand wodlee 2 57.63 /-39-67A JB Cans DOS) Fqut Eun Bars D163 Lene’ zee Lace” 2 tata Lratav’ & Vor = Wor Bomeg Ege = 2-0 L278 Comedy Gara Lavad) = asaq L-esey f @sand = ABNEY Gewemare 2 Letting vortace Veo fe ac. E2 > Sgn = 2B Vga Eqh + 3 Casa Loss?) (aate [Atar’) > Betz xw 4 y itanie ¥, an} 2ONLNM 5 Ag, + V1 4 KvaR 5 bem pauveren “29°QF QQ 2tAkvae Fate 2akee (o> PSs cm Bae a e854 LAaGinG c ss _Se = 2GAS Hee a 4B Yu TR Gee) 2 CO gs AL = Venre™ vak =z BLY [xs 2 Kaz O48" gain vax oe (2) Tet Maley > Asef/anar es aah . Die eee = 2766A Wa Mu fi aso 2.49 ca ter By = Bye Bye Be FoR A BALANCED Y_LeAD By = Bane Zee = Bean HR ABALANCED A-LonD USING GQvATIONS Ww FLQ, 2.27 a ge 3 By +B ~ Bye 4x * ye Moe see By zs Au a re _ Gio) C~325> Gece eee Ege Gurls 2 jaca 5 2. Gercias = a glee 35 35 “To.REPLACE DELTA BY Me E@UVALENT WE : &, 2 2 Bs -sh 0 ol PER. PURSE EQUIVALENT GiReuT 1G Shown BELsW: toll 55) = 42, OF vouracepuipen Law, = Glee Cte0 Ze") = 108 Lo” “jeagen wonne mar \y WCE I= WSF on Cat tot): ABB emok v4 Women Te Fine A,CED Is HE GRLAWAL ciRCUIT, LET US CALcuLAnE V, , iy aa ef i: oF sey : Vee = Va ~Vew = fo SP Va 2 3.2/3 Mew Low, = See. peg Zc Re aie fe Ag CY 2 B66 LR cm Cob v120°) = 122-5 On (ate) A eeON A PERAPHASE Basis = Spe (isorjue) «Gorsao) kva SEs Goriacd w® 2 (2s-42oya ane aeecais Nove: fF Lncewa LoAD 21 Conveat A wre AN BRuWALENT Baye 4C 180-448) = (SO-fiey eB, 2 208". sen Lita’ Bera agucida Nove: PF LEADING 120 x06) (Up Jaeng = 2800 Lo" [Gran Loe3-4" Coa 4d] = 2A00 (07 ~ 22415 (24 = 2179.2 -4 38-54 = ain Are Yo ae oe -% Ves YT Won uch aries (-24)00 Y cs Bf danse =e Deoap Ba = 85) CBT) = 467 ahve TOTAL APPARENT Pewee DISSIPATED IM ALL THREE PHASES IW ME LoaD : AeTAAY = 1a9%-82 kvA aH (Sela, 2¢ 5 Acrive fewer Drssenten PER PHASE WW LOAD a(R eg), daw = i148) C2147) os (62-39) = 216-87 ew ae o Reel. REACIVE FUER DISSIPATED PER PHASE IN LAD =@y), aoe 2 BIAS CZ TDA (62-24) = 414-65 kwAR ae 7 i = C4465) = 1243-05 kag JQse dine Cay a 7 2 (A Line Losses Per PHASE G Ve cess = AD 0-3 = 3 Caieary= 6506 kw a Sask a TetaL LINE Loss, (eq) use 2 (BBanb= Avarkwae -33-CHAPTER 3 Bil @ ek zy b> yes @ ves Bz. > BEe_ (lose fo") s 280Z0'V Bao : a 20 L=28 A 4 230 ce" * Bose las L2e a fa) Gee fat) (ame). 200 (30 2 4 a Hceticoy/ Gye aes /aruiate -34-ay i eyes Be egy = 33 VOO voits, wy Oe zelt) toofe, &(s + =“! ' a -1 ’ , ‘ 7 taa= Coles _ 3 de, Wels Be Les Ly * et oe Ba ou Ee = : + inal &, K Eye wae Av BAeo: 240 a @ bs = : Rese (2x0) = 2300V = i a & 5: ifs i. (): torre? Loni tent Leroy" 2 347-8 7-36.87" zee Zo Be Se pee gers Jacana Ih Save 36-87 cs o82%ejeoaqy @ 2s (5 2,2 loo@, = G6us Zde.87" 1 ie Gy Px Ps BOOB) GAkw Q 2 @, + Gh kan Bows’): ARkvaR272 yO a ah ° =) fo ae Eye 2s esucypeacey? an 1BO9S Las: eyo S46 [-25084? so [-ctlea) = so]-28-24° gua Si HShw- dad Overs delivered te primary 37-( Rys Bo FoR MAXIMUM PoWER TRAMSERA To THE LOAD PRL aks oe saa" Stoo ok At Ga Nhe ©) ax veutace Division, UL = BB ateak v CO ens 2 5 Y Pay = LOND an Te88 Vp= (nm weld [2s Apiewk v Bacmwk v EM + Same v Vag CEY =: ~2%, = —S owt v -3e-(oy ae Nifty 2. Reee/seo 24 2 2 Reap 2 2 ONBSCST = Ay Hey e BAG SDA = 16 Bl = wy = are TAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT REFERRED, TD PRIMARY (5 Bhoun BELow! ec 1000 Lo". gos foastt"A u 192+ 44 IG i tooo wend ot, oN Ve C808 C46) 2 1154 (467 V > A = ence Aran oitete uate lan amrecpaaeveivice a CO Va = Mle = tove/4 = 250¥ Vorrace REcuaToN 2 % 8072495 2g sa og Tre fe Blo RATED CURRENT MAGNITUDE on THE GE-KV SIDE IS Given ay x 2 \Begee. = 2273 A 2 2 a z = = loo; T Rog, G27dd Reg, = loorte : PO Reyg 2 IQ 2 eee Cesena are eat LIS Tens eye aaws-ORay Baran 4Juans RANG =O Sify, 2 66/ins e844 WIT WaNeveLInge Sime DESANATED ASL, Ano LeVSiEE AS 2, 2 on 2 Gvsxie® ) of Gyy = 6Sxt0! Bases on O-c TEST. NOE: To TRANSFER SHUNT ADMITTANCE Fem HaV SIDE To L-v SiDE, WE NEED Te MuLTIELYT BY OF. Sxl xe eee ITE SS Gus xw?)* tay a ioeasete wea? Garay 2 Petree tia tree Bey = 18° Iona Guay ag Kiel S TeTAL Less UNDER RATED ComDinens 1S APPREXIMATELY THE DUM oF ShoRT-Ciwwcuiy AND OfEN-cIRcUIT TEST Losses. 19,000 J. Bt ricer eae . Prentiss lan etinet aia yeeoys Cleo 4 G5) 4 -40-P= 2Sw Periz OSTA ge oe 4 24D Neglectg The Series Lmagedance + : z= HR: . eM = = =) ayoJo°s awo0le? ~ bh, s {ate Rez. (28 338) (S7)= 0.897 A -5 6.= Rfet = 23 / Aud) = 3.098 x10% Nee Gea) fey = 0-697/s4o0 = ayers xis 's m= VE- 6 =fQsensuist)"~ (3.098 0158)* Bm = 16460 x16 15 Yee Cer MBat BCE KIB J aytox 18 2 aeuengao [eg 1t6?s— Pr Biden. Ty a i =; ee Re cae aT io a) “ ‘ ore [ a il aig Se ey Lior 24D Regy = BR] GF Se] (acs*) = 4 Zen, = Miz, = 60 [@eo.)s 2-88 R Keay = V Bei - Rig, = GREY (ay = 2.306 Togs = Regy + Axegy? LNRM SUSE = 2.8es [SOE (a HE, Regijz meg fd Xegifa OQ WeISBR Regi [2 Gee BATHLIBS Aba e i 1etgoxid ts Equivalext T cireoit rejerred to High Voltare Side 5, " *, < ee a a saete (B Biewn CH oe Jane 2ao USING VOLTAGE DiviBton ¢ > deec0 Zev 2 (2a00 fe) Sa = BEIGE By @ > 4(Goo04) Nee Eat @) Ex zsavae lev ~42-= at wth Te (ros.3 [3687 = 20283 [238A Nis 10 (ayo seh) = aweJe? Ni Vis Eye (Reg tikes), x ayoo)? + (1 +dars) (ro-gs J-S407° ) = 140d + 56,075 /312327° = ADA + 294.1 eb nye. [0268 Vv al = E+ (Ramet Krom Regit Xegs) Ey DHE Joe & (2-0 +) 4.8) (20-83 Leb 2) = Woot 102.57 (27.168? Lo36:87 = 2487-6 +) S0.00 = ado, LieIsos? ow SSeS (\ 3.2 Bre = (2490 L1:1808°)(x0. a = SISTS,/38.02 = 4O.87 x 10° +d a1A8KI0” Ps > RelEe) = 10.87 Ow i Qs = Ln (Sejz 3109S Avars | senting ent of peeler, AS-SAS @ 20.¢3 |? ayoo Jo? + (V+ 423) (20,83 Lo") yoo + 64,078 [68114 = 420.8 iSa-08 2 ryr{Lerd2 ay 2 roe Lb + (204548) (20-88 io") = Yoo + 102659 [66.0% 2 a4 +iaRTy 2443. Lael? vy = XQEF = (outs Last) (x0. 83/E) = So 076. [40197 = $0,867, #41983. Py t so.a7 Owe | detverea Qs = e452 vars (ce) E,= 208s Lze8? A R= whoo jo? + (1+d2-8) (20-85 1See87") = thom + $6,098 L1DS:07° = uzee [12321 v Vez 2Hee foe + (2.0444.8) (20683 L3e-t7? ) ahoot 10x87 Houde = BSE7F. LRetOV? -~v RES = Qs, [2.040% 2\ (re.es a3. 7°) = 44sco6,lesueuee = ogee > iigo4, R= toe iw delwered QF ~HS-og Mvars delivered = +2804 Avars : hy a Abvsorhet by perce Peeder Source VEES.Y Hisyny azn.) +4 100.0 Note; Real and reachwe lectes, oO. 87 MW anol WAS Avars , absorbent by tre feeder aay transformer, gre tee cane in all cases. Hiqhest eepelencn oeesrs for out PF (errs Pour( Pe Klos Bejso.en)Kiom = 1% 27 Fo wAdsBANG wo a: Bac f2ao ao 1 ze, 2 (2a00y eae R= @R 2gee) eoo7S 8 O75 Xie ax, x (oy oor 2 ve w REFERRED To THE WV-S1DE , THE EnciTinG BRANCH GensUcrAWEE AND SUSCEPTANCE ARE GWEN BY G[a®) o.cea (fico) e008 2 o-03x1d* 8 Auv Qfar) 9% 2 Gad oer +s o2n®s TE EQUWALENT CiReurT REFERRED To THE BIGH-VOLTAGE SIDE 1S SHoun aeLows OSM As Si Ri sewsa dxgsdin ASB engonnd es See TE /Cd bm 2ao0: 240 IDEAL TRAD RORNER Gan oe omerreD) b> ' Ry = Rifot «eco a *L = fas cern THE EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT REFERRED TO THE Low-VOLTAGE SIDE 1S Suewe Bete 1001SA Jx(cdorotn ys O07SA Dx,= 4 B-o1n, 2aoo: 2a0 DEAL TRAacoRMeR (GaN BE OMMTTEDD -45-Bz (Oy NEGLECTING Twe ExcitHNG CURRENT OF THE TRANSTERMER, THe EquIvaLEuT qimeat of THLTRANSFORRER, REFEREED Te Tat WIGH-VOLTAGE CfemaeyD BIDE tS SrowN BE LOM. Ey208 /-26-0°s Reg eh SR Axed 2h 2400Lo* THE RATED (FULL) LoAD CURRENT, REF To HY. SIDE, 1S GIVEN OY (Sox te? ) [race + 208A Wma Lagaing Fouts pre REF ee, FE, = 26.8 (coeds 20-8 [369s vena KVL, U2 2400 fo" (210-8/= 36-4") (US442> 2 2450 L038 Vv (by TRE CoRRESPonDING PRATER DIAGRAM 1G Sten Beton: ye 2480 feat y (i Exegis ancy Using KVL, Ve 2acole’ + (20-4 /-me%) (2544) = 2aanglere’y PE av me stnome cup 18 cos (36.474 0:9) 20.79 LAgaIg7 3 55.6806 py U8. 6206xID pu oe 7 iseoes po Vpy Stacey = SolvA Stay,® SokVH Veager = 00 Veaer> 210-w Esaser = Qrocf sonic Rpe jeg CHO) Psoxies HS.r FI IS 2ow veg volteye divisions a ee a 52085 = 0.9798 Ba : Mires (vole ) I (e2083+8-600 4x15%) ler ¥, Steve o Fa oO Vi = Vigo Viewer = (0.9998 Jef) (aye) = 230-4818 V Bot gosxio re erstsee — Fapy = ted (seer 7> Baa 7 BEI KIO: a : Re ae [] Ve, 2 1-0 22 Vape ae hw Bone} i Rone tenes cove | veayae OY Meas = HOO Ww a Fhaser = (2100) /soxict = Saw @ Mt vole + (.6803x1634 3 aertonnd®) (1-0 234-67" } : ° = ho + O-OL3BIZ LBZ" = 1.019974 4 0.01187 = 1,020 LO.683? py Mipp Veose™ (Wore Le-t62°) (24 08) = 2498./ 006632 -4T-BAG con. (bY Vepy= bole + Crmser xi +d 4.1068 x16") (1 od=seeef] = WO+ On C1274 7 £25168" = LOSTER 4 10-02083I = 1-037 S Litso8? Ve ‘spo “eases ® (I 01S [1-1805°) (2400) = nfo. uses (CL Bepu* 8 Oepe Meru Espo = (. DES / |-1828 eV. © L382 ) = 1087S {3@.02° = O.¢118+J 0.6310 fer ua Bo = (0.81718)(so) = 40.87 a ee Qs = (CO.6370)(S2) = 31.18 Qvars $0 doomsapy Jo.itopy 10-10 py ce = + Zreatpy = ee VeSGI+ 1 O.80rS, OAs [er Po Zone l : 1 24 Moeser™ 282) bo i =130V | 1 i Teaser = RE: MRA Broadus SAtion - 13g) 4 Fo,aos 1 oGes hd Xt poe 0-10 pv Kumery = qegg = C2181 Pe u xovpu= (b-r0)( 482) (35 + 0.07189 PUees > 2 Bz dems. Vepy = wo = O.tS 65 PO Ls0 Fopo Foad py = P iCempot Spaph Mune) + Zreatpe 2+ 7156s Lee J (01284 F184 DF ot) F (LBS O28) = 0.4565 10% wedi tJ o-Gett ©-9588 12° 1-S1Y {26-010 06316 Lorber? py Broa? Exscayy Eecses = (o-esie f-mee") (193.4) = 10908 /-26-019 A Taro Dupe = Ong [ES° pv Frey = ant | 40° pu a Rase= Gol. 3g ee leoxios oe baat as = ge apy * = = = o,ung 185° pe Fyep = tone = 219g / 0° pu Be Zag MENS puto’ = ong [ose” po CoeNe Le3e ~adeB24 eee eeoeeyest aeg ae apo ewe = ©. [-30' ALpot Berg % O- Unk 188° + LTE YO” = 30° Zapp = OER 0-8 | ~t0° j LE AISA +) 1,062, 21807 Lag ete® Tap = Onnegy [-309" py —— Bee Fay Tune? (©-ree4 mn?) (223) Ee = 25.83 /- 7270 4 Bordo 1S.34G 2 MASS + 40-6522 2061/5 4s-525 AS=928 2 OATS J 0.543 = Ve 20.08" PU Bid. BAG Ola yee Zeveo || Zavev | 2 (C854) 062) 4 @TTISNJO SA = V2T4 arta’ po Zoey Suave = e274 fata’) (18-05) = 22.98 Ji21a” A “BoeSELECT A Common BASE of loo MVA AND 22ky Cnet aaky PRINRED WIRMOLT ON THE GENERATER SIDE, ws mates) BASE VeLtAGE AT Bus 4 is azkvy THIS Fees THE VoLTAGE BASES FoR THE REMAINING BUSES In ACCORDANCE WITH THE TRANSFORMER TURWS RATIOS, USING UG. BRA, CER UNIT RERCTANELS on HE SELECTED BABE ARE Given BY Gi meena CB )ji er My s ee e0GC BS ty Kronen CUEJrONe 5 Ths KeS CE Mixa ots CBRL YC a For bint 1 | Benge aed = ABER AND KE Je one 5 Te Ks cee CR 2 45) =: AE) pens 38h FoR LINE, Zoggs We trim Awe x2 SAP cone eo ‘ TWe LOAD coments oueR ar ac Lagging PF 1S 3, 0.4.5 59 (sai wa = 2 2 So THE LOAD imPEDANCE wHooKMS 18 By = Qe4s) Vi see seat Si sae ~ Re honed 5 MAAS aj USszeT 2. TWe BASE IMPEDANCE GR THE LOAD 18 GUY /leo = Lar vf. ROAD iMeEDANcE iw Pus NIS8S +5 V53267 2 ots 44 tect wa TE CRR-vMIT LauwaLane ciseuy 15 SHAWN BELOW: PER-unT WATEDANCE DIAGRAM -Si-TWE PER.UNUT VOLTAGE AT BUS 4, TAKEN AS REFERENCE, cay Sys SUSE Lot a 0.08 Lot AT 0.8 LEADING PF, THE RotHR APPARENT FoNER Se CES /-36.87° x . ences (3687 S-5 LS 56 & jean Ga. 235. Ms bet soneaje-a8 Curntnr Dean OX THE HOR US Ee a oasagvaedT = wy CURRENT DRAWN OF THe LAD 1s TL TOTAL CURRENT DRAWN FROM BUSA Is Ta # Eps o.a2—jo06 EQUIVALENT REACTANCE OF THE TWo LINES tn PARALLEL 18 SABRON og Keg = oa rrr GENERATOR TERMWIAL VeLTRAE Is THEN Vs 095 Lor Jo-3 (0-42-3006) G = erncnegeanes vo Lipar’ pus 22 Ligar ky G) THE GeneRATOR INTERNAL EMF Ls Given @Y Bg = Wt Fy Es once rjoare saea(onae vesag Jase eu: 23-82 fz. ky 6) THE MeToR TERMINAL EME 1S Given BY en Fuge OAS a GO = 40-28 Corse +eand t+ Var 2 wees forse’ pus wnt /-7.56" ky ~Sa-x Soom x Xz veetae wee es Base "ee ta pase Cawend YY ome tareky \SWVA take \ Gale teen | shew TTA : WRBABE INFEDANCE cee ASR eineunt Z ts Be 2] iat Tex PER-Umt IMPEDANCE OF LEAD Iw EUREUITH - Bee, 4.515 aa AME IMtE DANCE BIA GRAM IW PUTS SHOWN BELoH: jon jooe \.s15 BNSC \MCEDANCE On THE LoWAVELTAGE, BBIKY= SBE 15 . Gan 2 onevan 4e Here: THE RATIWe OF THE TRAVSRRMER AS A B-PHASE BAOk 1s Bxp02AemvaA, SB(se1): Ba = ee 28s lev Ww A BASE OF GEKV ON Tee H-V SIDG, BASE ou Lv sings B-8Iky So, om by sp@ RE = Ls G2be ores ae a jetawee REFERRED T HVS = 1 CSE= 300 ResistANcE REFERRED oy PER-UNIT VALUE ShoULD OE THE SARE AS GZ pL. 2. Cure: BASE IReDance ow BV. Sipe COL Agar So Aue 22 6.2 pu ABA -“5S+B27 TRANSFORMER REACTANCE ON 11S ON BASE 15 en ~ 2 ONOB pe GI/ 500 On THE CHOSEN BASE, REACTANCE BECOMES a ones ( 220 too 2019 buy Ta0/ Bee S28 ha. 33 oF ME TERT APPLIES. 2 . oe (Ease Cs 2 j2pu Baee x jon (tees (e)= Sey ee To. Bs fon (22)(3) = jo28 pm The Bx jou w2. (182) + Jort86 pu 6 TRAM S MISSION-LIVE ZonE, BASE \MPEDANCE 2 Acooy eRe For ms Se Zauyue = Gorgroed eerie O84. jo 2A) pr ners Gea 3 ‘) Ms kvas ZB seas; ahve A. 2 0 833 pu 10 AB 1s Shown Beton: THe IMEEDANCE DIAGRAM FoR THE Stsrem esq Jearr joe ae @® ¢ joas A eva enspe Go Be reaps -84-ay Ble Vana GLY = G Now (zal@t}+ 3:39 FoR A BEGATWE SFQuENCE wueae Co ee eee eg eee eee wy Nore: TAKING THE commer o TRAN SFoRMS A fosrlive SEQuENCce SET Iw A NEGATIVE Sequence ser Hangs este ay J sea, Ser ao Ey = EF paws wecatwe Sequence ser cD Conpeex power Gas ECA gin By Slax, = Veo /é = Be ea By wuraceala\, -55-mor xet el = = Ha ae i tN ABE HBr oe MAL et oS ave Seguena? foster Drage wut Fer positwe sequence, Vu leads Wa, bg AP, and Vy, lage Vey by 0% For negate fepoence, Vy, lags Vi by 6% and Vy, leads Vy by ~86-3-32 conta, © al we! BA 61 ue \ ne “él L a HAL for xb xen a ’ wai sy hel MB st__ ma “1 = . “ Sx \ mal For pestwe sequence Vai leads Ver by T0% and Var is in phase tatty Viqp e For negatwe sequence Var fags Vix by 20° and Vig iss fase With Ving © Note thet GQ An tiq/tag transformer Con te used to obtuin the aclvantages of A Bo ctranspormer without phase shipt. rc) wy HA HB He Het HBr porte sequence, Vay lags Fay by 4% HAL For negative sequence , Via leads Var by 2e4e. ~57-Standen? a c Sia Co") 7 74 { peace eel) a ee oc a (8) © cl) ys LX Le) a") & pees A Aperinay334 (or Jer vast poste ‘sequence o) Per vat Positive Seqvence Fy Sena pe Bu + Vue 54(4) Three-phase ratings 2.1 AVA mee av fratva Simqle- phase rategs ls oy nya lee 3 We BS = DAW Oey @) three-pase rating? ar nvA 138% Afas Ov Smmgle-prase meting ¢ O61 vA s6€ [38 = raegfin dv ©) Three -prace takmngt ae) HVA Iew av Y fas avy Single -Phese resting? De VA Wet | 1-83 WY (A) “Three- phase patings el MVA Ieee AY A /ashva Simple — phase mating® Os7 HVA The faz av A 336 Gq ae Bg Sena meus Vo Ate Rone: NO VRS Reactive OPEN A “TRANSFDANER (Q Ve ant Vag remain me some arter one, Single ~phase transpormer (6 Teoved.s Therefore, Tat - ict Ven) Temans the came. he lead voltages are then balanced, Positve-Segue te, Selecting Van ac reverence: fon 328 prs DaeT [O° Or Hs 7 67 /= Py a -60-B36 Vans 7767 [+e Gv “SOND, ne =. $ i ie . & Be Qo Fas Sse for = BB x Le jo La VEVin NE (13.808 ) Dt tekra J-20" an Bes lekl2 ene? Qa ©) Wye Meek Lense = re Leh Transformer bo delwers $= UL Ee Bue (13-8 a0" (er lew) = as. ce va Bee (avestdia.syxict Trangpormer ac delivers where W.e- Ve Sac = (13.8 f-w\(n eine?) = as. f-8? pve See = (2165-41265. xio® Sac* Vacte 136 /rapezoP = 12-8 1230 be is not over loadedl, The ofan A +trancpormer delivers 1245 Hvars hote thet transformer be And “ransenrmer Ge absorbs 14S nvars. The fal reactive power Aelivered by the oper-& transformer to the reactive load tt therefore tet, ~Gi-337 Noting THAT SH Coad = Go, Me RATING OF THE Zo punsE TRANSFORMER BANK Is TEMVA, GoY/ aad kV. BASE IMPEDANCE HATE Lau-vouTAcE aime is GAY Og agg un 18 om ME Low-veerace sing, RL 2S. gk ou anes ie DASE IMPEDANCE oN Hichs VontAGS Sipe is seer 2 5etn THE REDISTANCE REF To We siDE 1s 6 ($6. Y's ison Bat ‘ on Rye WO. aneu sat 338 (a THE SINGLE- LINE DIAGRAM AND THE PER-THASE ERUIVALENT CiRCUIT , WT ALU PARAMETERS IN PER UNIT, ARE GIVEN Beto: > Sunent sueriies to we Loan ie 249%! . Gongs SB 230 BASE cuneent AT THE LeAD 1S 100,000/( [Bx ase) 2 251024 THE PomeR-FacteR ANGLE OF THE LoAD CURRENT IS 92 Gn''o4x 25.80 LaG, wait Up ato def AS REFERENCE , THE LIME CURREWTS DRAUN BY ME LOAD ARE LT, . 62:48 “Faron [-2ea8 = 24 fossa tenure -62~3.38 contD, Ege 2:4 (nasagand 2 2.4 [1458-28 venue Tes aa fmapadervd 2 24 (416° Perumr e) Low-VoLTAGE Sipe CURRENTS FURTHER LAG BY Bo” Because oF PHASE Suit an za {o58ae 5 FLo2a (sae , TQ: 2 lean s THE TRANSFIRMER REACTANCE MODIF/ED Fe THE CueseW BASE 13 Xs an» Cuore) 2, re TIME TERMINAL VONTAGE of HE GENERATOR IS THEN GiveH BY Nee Vn Lead ind, = v0 Cede 4 4 Cilae) Qf 88-34) = O22 nh o-4551 = Loma (= 26-02" eu TERMWWAL VOLTAGE OF THE GENERATOR 15 23x OST 2 23.86 ky TUE REOL POUER SUPPLIED BC THE GENERATOR 15 Re Lu FS] 2 vost «24 en (26-02 455-84 aac PE WWIEM CORRESPONDS TS BIG MW) ABSERBED BY THELOAD | Since THERE ARs No I?R Losses. CAD St omrtisg ME PRASE StiFT oF ME TRANSFORMER, Avrocemer, Recarevanna Vy tam me reactance 41) on me WIGM-VOLTAGE SIRE , THE STUDENT WiLL FIND THE Same VALUE FoR VE ae (Ul. ~G5-3:39 40.09 pe fe LS Bao X renew? (2008) ( BEY $82)= 0.02755 tes. ‘oa Jo.o278¢ @© 3-4 S.o1333 Se ore Sonn © aral feor 4.01823 Seong eel ny Ey ¥ Tee Per Unit Poutive Seprene Reartance Dita men See ® 100 HVA View y = Bookv in trancmiauien line zed. Vossen = 20 Ov tv reotor [generator Bue s. ~Gh-oie Ms x = (ona) ( 22/2 7 re SA Mat eg AL EY (BR) = cree re ese Xms = (6.2) (ee 2) = OsOVSTE per vvit © Xpye Xai t Xwy t Xay = (Ot0)( 0.01333 (38) = (o-10)( 2) = 0.006666 per onit cs tue? EO. aso rn vee Kune eo = 6/2806 = 9,016 pervart Xie 28 = 28 /aSG0 = 0.01 ferone eee BA2 Vas id OP = O64 LO? per var Fy = _jroo z) = 48.1) 126087? Day (V3 } (18)(O28) ey = loo, base x = = 1ekS TRA Vi @o) Fy e N&M13e-87° 2 tape Sp OF ebm [Bb 8RP per onee Bes Mat Varut Faye Claeys) t = it, tree! 1X3.) O64 [04 teebn Laer? (S)(sooecce+ “on #20038 a Sod + 0.30555] 126. 87° = 0.767 +5 062444 = 0o6157. Lig. 83° po ” (2-182) (2o)= sh aw ~65 -i Spare ag BOMNA | Veena 266-403 2USky | Eu zi = cE SE aaa /290 Po >) Tyan = 30 s o-1806kA 5 V. 128822168 bane w TPR TT OCRA 5 Vinwen Be2.esky Lienex Be. 32, wo BA Rese Ty = (8d38d Colsogy s Lass ka Ty = (9-3030 CoB y= 6.66GKA Ch Ayame * ONSOT KA 5 Ve tasky Rese = Laseka ere TS Ty + (B-233) ois06 = tzss kA iy t 2 CQBBBY 1386 = \Ww5ska =66-w= OePLNSLO® per vat + Nay * 1.0167 Par vact 0.008 + Joe10 Yuen = US Ow Stase® HOMVA Veasex = Mea Qv fed %g, = {v2} e = WBZ: per Lath (er = } ise Ey Voto Ey , eos Z y lv 2° (eam & = Oe4oig do? La x trea i i: Lasen ie = 066522 Qa Ey Sore poh = oonansle? yer oat 2 SSL Vg = 10 J? + (0.00845 0-10) (o-7 2931) = t60036 © 3 0.07273 = 1.0063 LEME? ger wert vu = (10063) (13.2) = reas bv tole + Core ef baz) Co127S Zo") = vaaen f311eeu a.arky same le) [sass gos /4 145 MVA By Eg 2 eae Cis25 2 0, 46x = Vain = Gooss Zanes’) O conrerafaouas' gy @7218C 8) Mut 4g S848 MVAR = 80.2% OrAAT LAGGING PE Gon C4148") = ~67"SAS TWREE-PMASE RATING OF TRANAFRMEE T, IS Suloe © BGOMVA ANOS Unt-To-Line wetmece Rane 16 (ECardi ree of g2otiaaky, EhOoBING A Common BASE OF BOOMVA POR THE SYSTEM, AND SELECTING A Base of 2okY w THE GeneRareR arAcurt, WE VOLTAGE BASE In HE TRANSMISSION LINE Is atoky AWD THE VOLTAGE BASE In THE Mores CReuT 18 230 (tz faachetaBky TRANSFORMER REACTANCES ConVERTED zo TE PROPER DASE ARE Give BY Wi Xeon 302 paccast 5 Tes ot Js cous Ecc e 2 BASE ImPEDAWCE FoR ME TRANSHIESION Lise 15 (280) /Beo = 116.3. THE REACTANCE of TWE Line Iw PER UMrT (Ss THEW OLEXSA . o.18 15 ree . 2. REACTANCE Xj, OF MTR. My one ( a3 e214 Raneranee 3 OF MTR ML oun (Bee) (mun) s 0 544 ee NEGLECTING TRAMSFeRMER PHASE SHIPS, THE Positive -SEQvENce REACTANCE DIAGRAM Is SHeuH iat FIGURE BELEK doogssy g doves, dooms ~68-3:46 TWE MoTRT ToREtHER DRAW Teo MW, oe 82 Yes og Pe With PHASE-Q VOLTAGE AY THE Mero TERMINALS AS REFERENCE , Ye 2 2 eases Lov te 6 cases 4S = 06273 /9" eu REFERRING To THE REACTANCE DIAGRAM Ik THE SaLuTION of PR. B-5S, PHASE PER-UMT VOLTAGES AT oTHER PolMtS OF THE SYSTEM ARE atm: Va 88684 06273 (joes): o-asee (3-aBa’ tu ath. Fe 0-4B65 + 016273C do-oais + Joes) 20-417 fensa? ru Aa6/ 1.207 on AT ker Ya 0-986540-6295(jo-ot5 + fangis44fo.0asT)= TWE VOLTAGE REGULATION oF THE LIME IS TeEW 20-9826 — oO ASBR o-aS 8 = 00285 THE Macirups oF THE VOLTAGE AT THE GeNe@areR TERMIWALS 1S 29826 %20 s a-65rky Nove TMAT [HE TRANSFORMER PHASE SHIFTS HAVE BEEN NEGLECTED HERE, -6q-“(Ad FoR Positive SEQUENCE OPERATION AND STANDARD A-Y Connsenu, THE TER- PHASE DAGKAN IS SHOWN BELOW: : \s tos Gewenaren | TRANS FoRHER [Bes Go = 232 sot ky , chorswe mat As A REFERENCE. als! = 6 Bl. loonte' . : Siz CON fowts.g 2 4061/3687 MA \We.27 £8298 ma <— uase suas (THE SeconpamY PHASE LEADS Ts PRIMARY By 19.48"5 myeparnoes To Lwe-- WRUTRAL (Punse) AE HELLAS Lingero- Ling VoUTAGES -70-(Od FoR tesitwe SEQUENCE OPERAMeN AND STANDARD Any & Y-O Gounmenous, ME PER-PARSE DIAGRAM 1s DRAWN BELOW? 5, Joona F bto0.n. jo.08.n. aes le th 34-88. Beye sf peri + a oe fe 220 iad, a E Mw 2 s [ ei * \st « : vege LST i ray | Geacenne | roamseanee sy frmguse | TRAMSRRMERT, | Loam A CSTER-URD ue} CSTEP-Dewe) (> VY: aoe, Choosing THAT AS & REFERENCE Zaye Boo 4doe8=Ge {toa 0 at jie +Qo BY & = (Soe ej azar z,:[z [oat |+joots Sajvanaa = saz Leer rE Gf 8, = secos/Garlieest) z esan Accs” GEMERATER CURRENT MAQMITUDE Eee 2 8g. ase (337A wi TRAws issn Ee CORREMT MACHU TOD: i 2 Ty 2 6ST A = AS8 ha eae © i et wie oo gs tasa.s Leteco’a Lead CuRRent paannre = IGSAA y= ioe Tx > (54819 C (e503 (2648) 2 8462-4 [25:32 Mac minvoe, Liwe-m-Line VoLTAGEZAT LOAD TERMMALS= 14-66KV a~ THREG PHASE COMPLEX POWER DELIVERED To THE LoADIS oe _ Sag = 324,534, = 3 @acna eas Ts n8-32 )(lesaa (416-63") 2 Arias (3 MyA wee “7B49 BASE KY i TRAWSMISSion -LIME CLReUIT = Va2\ky BAsEWY In ME Geweaame G, Ciecurt o5éky ies Base ky In mie Gamewatme G, crete 192% SB. reaky e2g7 jiate Ves Jonas Jordana j jonacte 5 Siana joss IMPEDANCE DInGeAM oF THE S¥StER lim PU VALUES ON THE Common BASE OF loo MVA FR ME ERMRE S¥sreM, Zz dotsy te ae (Se j = jo-Ac82 bu a 2 sgonsx 8 of BN 2 dine pa jones 3 (Cs) «deme : 2 Trt Bs Gorn Sy (BEV: joinssys oe eos Tei Bejorx soo ox (23 = Jo: Dae hu, wed BASE IMPEDANCE In TRANSHISSt ON-LINE CIRCUIT IS, QR na nat Ted z = BOSCO. gaze ag bate be Tete aEea ¥ 2 a 25a3O 2 oes ofo.S739 bu Tawee 2 aes, 4 Ee Lew: SoCeesge) 2 Go+d 30) Wa 3 1s R 2 G50) 35625 2 38h ma BAB bY boas = “Zo Hata ® ¥ » CBO Las0n 2 780 yas Aston tobe 2 way ye 2 rors® Crore Scone) TheB50 Per Lait postwe (or negative) Sequewe weoork CPhese Shipt Mot chen) Po Presary S— Secondary to tectiany “43~(Ql xy = OeOR fer omit BD Xyy = Onto per emit Xa = 0.09 (32\= Oeld pee vat T KX, $(0.0% +010 - O01) = 0.03 eee cae Kit + (0-08 +0-12~ Orie) = S705 per unit Kg EO Core eos) O-O7 per vant ‘ Ix) x fu R= 1-667 Usiag Pgges 3Nty R s [ost 1 = 2)? = fae Bese = Ga = BNR Uy aay. Oo2b45 & 2 Rye ee » = 1.065 16667 per Repo Oe Leys : 14,5" = Rare = aa ce = Yo pet velit “I4.-NOTE PRINTING ERROR 5 FIG.3.30 SMOULD BE REPLACED BY Fla. 3-Bl. Co otto Segvence X\= Xa = Xy=-h (Or +001 = On1) = O20 per vxit &) sia! (e" 1) Per Unit Positie Segusuce © Jo. eee, feel (ere ay) Per Unit Posie Segv ence IS -WIM A BABE OF ISTVA AnD Gaky WW TE PRIRARY ciRewie, THE BASE FoR BkeouDAEL cinco Is ISIVA AUD \BeZkV, Aue TWE BASE FoR TERTIARY crecuit IS IS MVA Awa 2-akv, Nore MAT Kye Aue Koy NEED NIT GE GuauceD . Xgq 1S MODIELED To THE NEM BASE AS FeLtowey st Rar 2 reba 2 Bote Wim THE BASES SPECIFIED , THE PER-UNIT REACTANCES OF THE PER PHASE EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT ARE GIVEN BH Xp r & Cheer sgerea jose) = goo Xs 4d Xp =A Choved agone = geetd= dood yt joa joa): Joes Te Consrawt VOLTAGE SouRce Is REPRESENTED BY A GENERATOR HAVING No WTAEWAL IMPEDANCE. ON A BASE OF SMYA, 2-BKV in THE TERTIARY, THE RESISTANCE OF THE LOAD 1S 10 PU. EXPRESSED OW A ISMVA, 2-3kV is Base, me load Resisrance 18 Rx vax IS = ao pu GN ABasE of ISMVA 1a.2ky , THE REACTANCE OF THE Moree IS. TRE IMPEDAKCE DIAGRAM IS Given BELOW! NOTE THAT THE PHASE SwET Thar occuRs, Between mE Y= Conpeereo PRimaRy up THE A-coumscren TeaTionyB85 @ : Exe 6B.75A () a= G@xoo) (61S) = 165. Rua Sy t @éto)(éa-8) = 16s, Avas Sx ISQVA is transqormed by mragnetic mdoetions (So. hve is tremagoreet electtrealig Cl At rata vettaye t Core lowes = 105 W RE Full leak corrent 2 Winding lotseg = S30 W Tot lessees 5 163+ 3%o = YEE W = On43S Bow Pour = Gbroj(62-8)(o.8) = '3a- aw Dat Boor + Posec 2 (Baedss Cw Plo eee LeLeuey = Gs Xloo = (ABE \ciws = 19067 % Pu NZ 2643E Rascereeeracess Het 13264 A HO wt A le) As a normal, simgie—phate, too windtina ~transporner, rated 2 3 AWA, 220 fno vy Zesetoa= Gre) /zeco = 16-1332 Xeg7 Onto gar pat, -T7-(ed As a smgle~ phase avtetransgormer rates: Bso(1vex) = 4 SO QrA ‘i R3efnie vi, Forcetines = Gso)"/4so0 5 AHer eq = (010) ( ee On06667 per cart i -_ o 1 0.06667 = orssesi BLT? per | % = Lolo inti q Stas ag = 13-5iva ! ease = UY 3 = all = I3-3%ID7 _ y Maney = TS : F bese TERE = vo-eea Loree = (3:3 410 44.5 VE = ease A oe tooo Laces = 34.36 [53687° A (ew) (.2) Hy = SRS pew = O.ssssf-36e87° per oat "=k Zy = Dye = O,SSSS fer var =ye (6-S8Ss) (Ie-256] = Teo3Rl A Vat SxcgEx = 1018 + (30. 04667) (5555, Va = VO + Os08704 | S82° = Lorarsioome Fu = loare [teee? fer Unie orr.6)\(4975) = 490.3 V ~1e-RATED CURRENTS OF TE Twe-UINDING TRANSFORMER ARE te O% Os BOA Vee Zy+ S828 2 280K ano 246 TMG AUTOTRANSFRENER Comusetion IS Shou BELOW Yason 3,2 500A taaoy (oy WE AUTOTRANSHeRMEE StconDARY CURRENT 18 TL = BOoA WTR WINDINGS COBRYING RATED CUReENTS, THE AUTOTEANSEORHEE = 3e0kva RATING 1S (1208) CBee} us" Ch? OPERATED AS A TwentsINDIng TRAMBFORMER AT FULL-LOAD, 0/8 PF 6oxek OAS ESfeeteney Ve - Cove Bt Prise 2 480-096) oy, Brom water mE TorAL TRANSKoRMER Loss PL... o 46 TWE TOTAL AUTOTRANSFORMER LoSS 18 SANE AS THE Two WINDING TRANSFORMER, SINCE THE WINDINGS ARE SUBTECTED 1 THE SAME RATED VOLTAGES AND CURRENTS AS TE Twe- WinDING TRANS FORMER, Seo noB see Ge ere eet te anes Aste Te, Ceeone.B a2 1%We tokv 5 Mt R64 Be = 200 ky X,, 2 25 4750 218758 Coy watur kVA is catectaren AS Box 1875 = IBocookva wien 18 Same aS ovreuy kvA = 200%780 = 180,000 Parmissiere va RANNG OF THE AUTOTRANSFORMEE 15 159.000, THE KVA TRANSFEREED BY THE MAGKETIC IDUEHION IS SAME as THE RATING OF THE THo- WINDING TRANSFORMER, LMIch IS Fo,000kva. -80-| b Jone 2 Gu v cst Eybas =(ro1et\( 01387 Proad #4 Goat * 018° 0.866 + 1e.SO Per uate (a) No yequlating transformer » % Lo Auvisiss g Using current E23 (Xe) Dumg = 228.01: $) = osesh/-30" Fut GRRL) Puna (Soe ]toeae) ot Pi tig, = VEE = O-sssGdeso"= Oust iors Est at 1a! (Proes + SQ. oat)- CetdQu) = (o-866r10.8)— Cuan tlormre) = O-St44+ lori per vat en tb) Voiteqe magartude requlatiig transformer, C= O-1S2Y Using the admittance parameters from Exangle Yet @) = [2% Jif % RI] S|. [Ato ise | v = hole ~Evcod} LY Ya JY!) [Seti ~ieeae] | Low’ Solving “the second equation above for vv ~bolre = Gs.se)y aU rere) (ote®) We Ebrelge—teodse” i scotinas . joys Jena per ——Syetio Tea oar rol! Leu’ ~ 10/08 opoxeit ion ets. ozans/-agt To.ue Tone Prous cutis douse he Patios +1 O00 QeSN4S + lossiag 2+ 1 = (Proatt! @.ead) “CPiti@uje eS 14s ESS3-54. conta. “The vettaqe ymaqnitude pequlatiug -traaspormer increases “the Teactive power delivered by line ish 49 To (From Osta to oes ITE) Wit a relatively small change im the real power debvered by hae Lae (©) Phase angle regulating trantpormer , C= 1.0 [-3” eds Yar = “On0as+ iett4s ant Yas -l4o per DALE prom Example 4.14 (6) & 0 30 I 44S = Teksgo+ ISO aste fase 8 1,060 [3087 PEL Kor2oVS +FTTIS garry Ae33e te Vi _ 12060 [R14 — 1.010 OSE +10. 0117 Eu = = Tra Tost nt FOeLo Oo4eoo/- 38-82% per oat Patd@ys VIER = osysob/+se.ey= 63586 + oerego Paras (Prone *1@.s0a)—(Per $n) 068074 +i orto Evoed Gao} Ct-010") OAs y 2 Yad The phase-augle requlatiig “transformer fncreates the real power delivered by Ime be BiG Go (From OHBEYF to OF EOT4) oth a relatively Small Change im the reactive power delwered by fee La- -B2-Problem 3.60 ‘A phase shift angle of 0° minimizes the system losses. tReet Problem 3.61 An LTC tap setting of 1.0 minimizes the real power losses to 13.489MW. Problem 3.61 285-B62. Gsimg (3-851) and 3-8-2) faites i Og F a tO ORBLE bs 128. 4, oss (et) HBS = ono Gs QE 0 03636 ]o.04 = 0.90907 From Figure 3.25 Ca) * C Ye, = (0.90909) ( shgg ) a ~Sie-1e per one 00S (b=) feg = ©-0909)( ee -G eeie per vdrt (tel ¢ ag = (0-82045- 0.70107) (sh53)= +4 eg bait the per-vart posite -Seguence network Is 7 ~Sieere Eu i a V1-6527 Ven Lier Unie aclmnrttances Qre shows)3-63 A RADIAL Lime Uintk TAR= CHANGING TRANSFORMERS AT Som RDS AS Bown BEL, = -- w 3 Na sean “ e258 Les 3 C500) THE CownuctoR Cfess-SeeTiIONAL AREA IG Given OY 8 Baxi 8) Coane > cena A eas O14 8G dn 2 5SG000 cwih we Ae 84 Om -8a-4a THE HANMUM ALLOWABLE Ling Loss = 17R = CloohR = forte, FoR wort R 6 8 es x8 = Re Gan ke wg 1 Rae ora d? at ry 2 2 HA SONAR» oT cw OR Ae Berm ge CO) From €e.(4 AA0) Lise Gas? \ecom) 0-05 mH kw “=) | PER conductor (b) FRom €@.(4.5-2) x= ky = axe Ly (=) & De OG mrs (208) = BEM KISS a a 2x10 Li 2 10% . Ses (pee ESS) (1280 ean = On BEA foe ee per conctoetor - 7 Ft per circuit wo Laks 60s re PER Conpuc ror 1% = 68535 WH/ kim Le sly sane R( 23 Wax ROL Ie PER Compucron La bye Ly > Wot wtf ka, fee erReur (Lag bas bys 2x7 be (2:8 ___) tos onanqe mul lin AN 1 PER CowdUcroR La by thy see we ko ree erreur. Lae 1S INDGPEmpEur oF couDuereR DIAMETER, 0105 wal kom Pee conpueroe TUE TOTAL Inductance Decneases 4:1 % Cincneases 57) AS TUR ComDucroR DIAMETER weREasEs 20% ( Decreases 20%),AO bis ae Ba. (4.5.10) be 2xic7? La (2) a D=4 Fe rs e% 8) se ) Lys ani? (4 Tae) ence (A “Teens xe Tis 16622816 py bea > y= leon xip® X= WL MO) (4.201018 5)( 1000) = ONS 7] On AL 1 4 a @ Lys axw An( 43 — ) ee Virsa 0? afm 16225 wigt® {= COL, = 2H C60) Crvaen 15%) Crooed = 0+4292 fk & Lys ano Thy (2% = 1.057 215° Wm V-G2.2.5 41e* XK, + aM (60) Cvostn 18%) Creo) = 03986 -0/ km Ly AnD X, \wenease BY 3.357% Cmecrense By 4-027, ) AS THE PUASE SthcING Iwonenses BY 20% (DacAeases By 20%). -A-AR FoR Tus CONDUCTOR | TABLE Ard LISTS Ge Ts BE 9-02)7 Fk. - ; 2 J. FoR One conpueroR Ls anid” Am 22 “ * port The woucrive ReAerance is men [ae Coo) Lc] tm eR Rozen Ceo? An 2S fami 288 = 01828 2 fmt Bln FoR THe Since -PHASE Lint, Bee Babe G56 SL fmi te + (Amie Le BY wma = wwie® Rn BS COmmTRED (e025) = 010204 “nif Oey TRE ToTAL LINE REACTANCE 19 Gwen BT Ky = 2M (Eod ani* de B A = ets08 An Bn / bw i er 0242 dy Bo fmi 77 Pe Kee eat flew 08 266 fmt oo) Ly, = axwt ky bd 3.7488 (0.025) » 0.02368 mem DOUSLING THE SEPARATION BETHREN THE CONDUCTORS CAUBED ones AeeuT a IBZ Ruse ww iwouerance. +e@ Rasa, Los ante) Lo P ule ter enase Ks ol 2 ATF wet by Ew) Hof] eure HSA w wid (1609-84) £4 @[n) R/ mele > fram Cieoaead C2-2026) 107 fog (D[n') Afri, A657 x1? S Rag @[n) fom fpr = 02994 Roy Cdfa') Dfmt{ ph Arf 6o ha oka kk fo (2) =k Ly D Leg (,) wnsecks S601 a Re a a. 06677 (07788) = ovs52 SE. () Mes Ke +Riog Ls eae Lag) s0-35075 Xq > k hey 20-2744 fog (10) = 02794 Ke Kat mg = OG B85 A/mm] Ph. =— 012.226 foi Yo. a WEA SehEMG Is BORED, X,=o-8c25\ AVE x -a3-Dy = 4 For tre inner condvetor ¢ te Dye Tee or on = On, Dag = Dyy = bags 206 sar 44 des Graz \/ (e*ertenteilf [EPané] YY Disiawes oon sig Distances for outer comeed 8 Inner erly Conductor . OT st) (a Ye eae ag = énas r\/ EHO Fae PO ece™ ya J 49 vez ene = FV (ER GMany (a) = ae ANG oO 7 De = (On O° fe Pina) = (aude? Sage Dy= De Dyy= AA six [ ome rr ne Ugyere Ny Bei = {dg pasingt Ms sGz] PG} -b . Joessh amAAG Conte, Using THe triqgonometrie identity , 1 oo fren) Se 6. = De (a Ne whieh i te strech resolt , ate ee bundle | NY =a MM © @) a4 v= [Pe (41) = \[b<4 Bg (6.19) Three -condvetor Lendle, Np= 3 xe ; & ON “iF ebay] = \o.d* Be, (46420) Foor -cowdwetor hondle, Ny O : D O a ae ¢ Bot [Ds (ayaq = Vo ES) 7 1.0908) das Ba (4-6.21) ABAT 4 a onass Viet aman} zrV act = NEOs F 16 ens AEF Gawler) Letrenencsy —————— Dislawes For Geach Ristences For etal borer condodor mner condeitor — adn (E 8)! tee (F) = assy r © em EG Fo Tesi onen Te See Eero Pee ES Bae For each emer Compe tor Ce NOP (ey ox) rely Distances FOr Src eutsice now corner condveror “(eden Dittances PEE toe Center eoadoctor 2 ones Jf ER Ys) ey EMR a.¢3ndr 6-4:18 Dag = S/ensrie = locotam awn Fiiom TARLE Ai, = ©0403 ft) Taape toa Lis ee ante Lon (Sa x =6 2 B42 KIS oles . Im 12 2H Cod by = 2 C60) Vag e nIE2= 5 0. 506 -./ lem ‘a - 10.079 xs i coy Lis 2m? hy (Aen Vea6in euler o.eVas X= An God Bet xe Crooe) = 0. B13 —U/ ew Ge Lye 2x Tk (METAR), az on t0 Fla A Olt X_x VM Co) t-s2rx 18% Creoo) = 0-498 [lew The PeBiTIVE SEQUENCE INDUCTANEE LL AuD INDUGTIVE REACTANCE %, inceease 14, ( peceease .6%) AS THE PuASE StAcING weatases 10% ( necanases 10%), Deg = Sflenton20 2 126m FRom TABLE AA, Ds > G@reaasgt) aah * Ks GL, = 2m Coy ae a6 = OBS [kom + O-01BB leoowm, a kw 47%A2t (a) From “Table ALY ¢ (o-0478)( size) 20.0146 mm Ss = Veoratean = OFTYS tm = (260) fiers” Ln( Bake y]x woo = () Dg = (O,034(g,J= Ocotta m coe Bsh= Vosoua)(ousnYeysy) = 613d wm ia rk 14660 _ - aa = a —— Xi= (2Wee)[2x18" La 162) koe = oes. Ze 49+AL22 APPLICATION of E.CA-G-G) YigLDS THE GEOMETRIC MAG Distance TWAT SEPERATED THe THe BanoLes: Bag 2 Of Grd Coad C639 66-087 C648) (628) FG r1500 TWR GeoetRe MEAN RADIUS OF THR EQUILATERAL ARRANGEME MT of Link A 18 GALCULATED USING Ea. GeO) Rat Sf Grose? Corr? = 0.0838™ AN. WMNEM TWE FIRST TERM BENEATH THE RADICAL WH OBTAINED FROM Als o-TTBBA 2 0778s (o-e2)s o-ols SIEM Wt GEOMETRIC MEAN RADIUS of THK LINE BH 1S CALCULATED BELOW AB, PER ITS Contiquaanen : Ret 9/ @ersercy” Coy Gory TUL ACTUAL CONFIQURAMON CAN Now BEREPLACED BY TAL THO 210628 EQUWALENT WoLLom CousucToRS EACH WITH ITS On GeeMeTaic MEAM RADIUS AND SEPARATED BY THE GeoKETRC MEAN DISTANCE AS Shown BeLew. Rat 0.08386 Ras 00628 GO hac -9GeTHE GEOMETRIC MEAN RADIUS Of EACH THASE [5 CALCULATED AS Re S/ GT Cat warae As ocrisene. 001% 5 we OAIew™ ME GEOMETRIC MEAN DISTANCE GETUEEN THE ContDucTaRs of PUASES A Aud BE Das * &/ G Gear(sD = 5886 BGw Dac? Afa® cer Cs) = 6AM eEm Ane Dea + 1S Qwan Ov Simuaaer , Af yh (iadCwr) ewan & lew TE GMD BEXUTEN PVASES 1g GWEN BX THE CUBE Root OF THE tRoDUEr OF THE THRER- PUASE SPrcinas. Dea t B/ Gx Gx 12 = 756m THE INDUCTANCE TER PHASE IS FrumD AS Lz om Ry TSE Seat WGo% x Load 1.0.41 we Kon ok be Leet vat [tet (e UWE Line REACTANCE FoR Encw PUASE THEM BEConeS Ke VEL = 2m CG) VE HW = 0-65) [mi PER PuNoe, 00"424 From Tac ACSR TAGLE Aa OF TAL TEXT, ConmueTeR GMR: 6.0244 ft. Conca Diane R= o720in; since [Gasca Give cesuees eaves! [ervey Caodcaseas}s S2.asin G) 1 Xe ea Bx ona beg (82 SBI 5 0: 6807 FL fmt a Gd Ls ame ky P(ezashe, S52 _ \oaas xia? Alm oenae He GLa 2K CGo) 10.395 KT fens 26S) roars His (60a) Me 42.08, Bieteseq ayant Resistance PraPuAsEs CNR Loon Rw —_— 7 — Qua = [erierCeor carrey” , vane J acleie = aine, = 5\a7 $k 47% GMa feR TE BunoLe: vem|Co-0403) Greet)” oy 89.6219 Cotrore: From vaste ig, coms. diass lanedns Dh 1 coreane st) AMO Cowo GR = 0040S Sk. GMR FoR THE Ascend, BunDLE = O-TITE SE we Ke 0274 deg (BEET) 2 Orgs fet oe +a) | RATED CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY FORERCH CoMDUETR In THE BUNOLE, AS PER TABLEAA, 1S lolOA, SINCE LTS A A -comm. BUMDLE, RATED CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY OF THE QVERWEAD Line 1S, \elox4 = 4040K 4 =10l=A326 BOMPLE RamGs A is carcurancD BY Or 45812 = ZA AMmCW/B) om As 0. 5914™ GMD= Iw Suacenouens's GMR Is al = o-77e8( SS? et) «apes nic hy Le anid! Ly Se = 2! a ava AneaaeROT" a Ween sierds Le Tesxie blr ae aka @ Drea + (Borze neonsne]"* » 50-45 St oe Epon sence ntaey*e 50-45 5% a Pree > [Gexcenibox 20} encase Guo ~ Go45x50:45%6%a4) 2 54-AG SE EQUIVALENT GMA = {@-osesy oy J*. 2-3 ok foe ane Ry Gest). 2633 wie ow a (b> Iwouctance OF OnE GuRcuT Is CALCULATED BELOW: Deg = [Boxdexcey®. ares sn’ 0: 0588 & as anid da (228 129.3 315% hoy cer) i InducrAaNce of THe Duvere cancurt a UEIENE” 9646 xi ERROR Percent < ie 633 = 82646 wiew a 2087 — OCS i -102-4:28 Wim N23, Sar gl Ss — . Fhe 0168 Se ZA Go" 2 xe BEE ComnuctR GMMR eo C485 Bunoue Gua. (oeassy c creas] osaacte , Y: Pe [GrHRO@ as] (215 SET Y* siosge Re Gre, Pow) (©.52960 96)" t5 54 , i Xe = Grae, (e-82% [BEE Y F 5.0894 Ovenace PunsE GNR s(n) ng REY? 2 cry Ye eeiiie eend. Ge Be + Gay Caes\*: 51-88 a i 2 = va Pocey + [Car [Ema og. sate ae? |. sie gt Then Pacey « Tee caarcaey cans} rene at Smo = [Buses svsnxas.aay!, 45-04 be soe A504) asin : THEN ye Giedeg Goes TOBEIS Rai brane 428 Ry s Tessa (aay 2 arg ha = sete (sayy. ast Re = fe-sese Car. anaes THEY GMA eg 5 actin 2 a M4, Prbey (Fess. 2h ac. om race |= ane ge u Pee = [Ga Caercrarceay] 9. Base 4 Pe V4. Pacey [torte aary fee ee Gal 7 44ne i Men Geb 2 Gatex sagen Aare) XL o-mag feg( 2283) * 3097-2 /oni brant = S2as oy ~los-a= Te 8296 Caer) saa ge eae Ya © = Loser Cony. acres From wwiew Gun, c. vant xg unnaayl " = AA Pate 2 G2 Gansancgy . Asa fe Peay = [ee yfCant y Ooo. averse D, * Ye rcey = [Carts acty Gare acy]. saga ge TEN GMD > GS28naLcensagr)? 48-25 = 48.0 aes = orRT8a Lag (480 was ORIEL A oth Pevcaey = 2 Ta An Dee wont [her FoR PeSttive SkGvemce, wins T, AS REFERENCE te Sut oe te (a De 26) Leaad ) fa Bea), Ta Ge 20:2 BS hn raifoa) 4 G Lr2ad) SS (6 ra/rasj] seat my alert Jnae Nem: Dye Dys (A +8 = Gam wwise/ em L Dor > Paz [@Sxeh)s Tam J Wits TAS REE RENCE, INSTAN TAURUS FLUX LINKAGE 15 dun) = JB w Co Cote) Se \waves> Voutaed Im THE TELE PHowe Lind Pen km is Vz ora L&W = Jeon = A@encod¢ 10-31 = 389 (60 Y a “104-4:32 Gn Wéo 208.989 x10 '*) — = \.'32! n( 2) ~¥n( ey \s'3S246 Xlo 4 0.015 fa. 1 wweorm | Wx dw, = J (ate) (1-3 24¢ x16") Sx 00 few orm pa ° “mb Yo = LNA 10" FS to nevtnal ™ 4:33 2 Od Gye ZUG BARD aes ie! Elam te eureAL » Co) yy - e z God Voesxio Crooe) = 4 5” 22) no ® [lew cae i 3 To WevrnaL, pie, a ee a (aes am) pase Wl gla ve eeurane (aa aoe tn * ae 1" Croce) s $4142 15° S/he To NEUTRAL, BoTW THE CAPACITONCE AnD ADMITTAUCE -To- NEUTRAL Iwentase 4.57% ( pecrease BZ) AS Twe Conductor DIAMETER INCREAS 20/, ( PAcREASES 20/)- los -ee 3! ba( 2) La 7 = LOSEXID e.28) i}. % Sis fwd, = i(emee)(1.088 xD" }reee) Baron 4<35 : = Z (oo Ge arCassanc' ) _ \o2ant0 fl a8 Am (Susp) : = 2m Coo) 0230 Creoo) = § 3-887 106 [kom m2, (> Qe an (8854x052) pz Wt0Sx to E [ Be - a a Xs A 2 Ceo) Wes x to Creed = 4 Net Rte sew TRE PoSITIVE SEAvENCE SveHT CAPACITANCE AND ShUNT ADMITTANCE Be DECREASE 3.3% Cimcrense ABZ, ) AS TAR PuASE SPACING INCREASES Br 20% Crecetases @Y 207%, )+ ~10e =Parry Salt TL GMD 1s Gwin by Dey =z B/exGnie 2 756 WEHCe THE Link-te- NEUTRAL GAeKcitAMce IS Given SY c ame an ? F lw AoC Pay! Pse’ 55-63 EEE Pee Fen (4-50 [0-080 Quits € 6) OR ge OS 2 UGE Ef (o> Twa capacitive RaAcTANCE AT GOUE Ie CALCULATED AS Mea 2 24.68 2? Rn POY erent 26am Bsc = 2a-6ame fy 75% 5 150,500 nmi Eeren on W8OrB00 SS + BS BG ahem >) WITH THA LINE LaN@TH OF loomt , THE CAPACITIVE REACTANCE \S FouND AD Wsese0 1505 nr] Purse lot37 CO EQ CA-ANSY 2 CAtACiTANGE Te NEUTRAL = El Ino ly te AD cae te eo anda @rgy ne) a warm $2 Goa, © 2 BRAT Elm, L . 6 OR Kee k fog (Diary, woese = TIM demile ve \ a ; Neoraan ak hgo ak! og (4), woene Ke 205830 x10 at $= Gow. ané Kee Ch KL kW hg a a 2: cea ne! Lag Code 68:38 xt tts 0-068 >%x 10° fog Ss 80-3218 1 t 3 Ce Ke = Xt Bt 14BGS X10 SU. Ah Te MeUTRAL we \ WHEN SPRING Is DOUBLED, XY > 0-06B3Bxi0 og (20D 3 = BRAK TEN KS VSO AIS ewe To NEUTRAL, a— 2 : eee s 2 AAT BEG KI Shem ae ” Gy teoy eevee? -108-4:39 Deg = Bfansxte 2 torotdv From TALE Aa, Le BIAS dnl? 5 0 O1SI9 wm at 2G, am (ease xt 12 ¢ = > = BSESK Ely TA vee “Re” ARC Sz dee, = 4 2n (eo) 8568 % Ww" rose) = J 32291 F 8h FoR A lookw Link LENGTH Zeng = Vin > (Birza ww eu soo (2v0/JB) = Aes xis? \ea/ PURSE A 40 @ Dey = A wanwSartG = Wosam 12 Fl aoe aw Cassar) 2 giagrnie : wees al Occ) Y, = 4 aw Coo 8-4q2% 10" Cov) = J B18 % 16 3] ky 5% ka G6 ae A-223%10 BABB won tooo (2B0/ Js) = Piast Ler = (b> Deg = O/taxtentara = WGI vesania'® - Cy: 2m (2-854n10'F) = BOT xi FE] fon (064 Ga este 7 j ai (gory BIT x 1S" (tooo) = 4 B 284016) slim 21284 0 15e moo (20/2 4-ein io A Pune Y., AMD Log Decrease us7, Ciwceaase 1% ) AS THE PHASE sfacing ncRenses (67 (DECREASES \07,), ioeAN Poy = Bfwxer2ze = a FRom TALE A, As don BO.O1GA2™ Yak ae ee 8 AG me 20 854% tote Mu ; 0 = 2788546 Daas ato™ Flim Dev Ame &) 2 fesd, 2 damCced 215m io" Cioce) = a: 207% 15% S/ kv 2 Qe VEY C009" ates a 2 MVAR/ Kan AtAz COD From TABLE A, Az ‘484(0.0284)2 0-018 1m Dgg > O/ eres (orsyt 2 0-1654™ mas . ey ane S5ARIT*) 2 2B Kio” Elm An (BE) ees FY 2G am CeodCy- 28g.» io!) Goce) = §4.842.010 s/h Q 1 BooS arsaawie ea b20 var] kon (by re MCE (orga) = eolatems De 23/esiane GonayProasacry FE . ol a: Ww CRss4 x ie?) = 265 x10" Fon SUG An (BES 2AsaS Ye = 4 21 C609 1.265% 10" Coco) 2 11x 19% Silene Q, = (Soo art Kes rar, raven | bse GY, Awa @, iwernease o-8% Concesase o-1% ) Fon me cancer 13st kewsl coupuctors (smauer tookenil conpuctors), Noepar Cod FoR DRAKE | TABLE Acd LISTS "ThE GUTSIDE DIAMETER AS 1-108 in oe Ae Nee eo omee St ee Peg 2 faontorse 24-6 St =. Bre 888% es 84 ee nie Ton Cart fovoners ~ AGERE” Chom ae 6 es ee gi : 2n Ceo) B-BAES w leo Seen Cb> Fou A Lematy of ViSmi ‘ AREA RI capacrive eeacrance = *18) = 1065 “me ‘To aahuTRAL r Brome? oa chg 2 SOA = a6 at Alwe TE Xe | x eneee ok O-GEINITS = WAAR FoR THE Ling TOTAL THEME PHASE REACTIVE POWER SUPPLIED BY THE Live CAPACITANCE \e Given BY JB xr20% wax we? 2 ABS MVAR ~Ueforhede Cc: ovonas / fag( BNET) = e.c2\2 MF/mi] yh e756) — ABU OF A AW COND. BUMBLE IS Given BY = Gon ocaaay cer YS ont 6h fk note at iC aan ae (25.122 %10" GLiant Rene ooipoee 4:45 ke dD H=10 Mm a Hxy= V@STHO-S® = 20,006 m Fron Exanple 48 ; ae _ = (e.2sixio™) Ln( 2e5 9s) Ln(22:080) 7 whieh is 02014 larger “nn Gyn = 1e3a49K 10 = 3 tan in Probleng 4632 HeeAAG @ Dea = ofarnne BABII = o-epag|z= oaicam A % ——— Pe ORF Sam ait ease elt oS Fon Cast fo oeny WBE ye to Le BME = B25 an im eo Sieh wusee Gon erect aer a B25axio 12S x Wooo 2603 Fae \2skw , Bet {aye tet wo FM Pm Om Hye Bae Wy = dom Bow BART PLANE, Wat tese Jaca a TS B ANTCIS Boon [wines evanees oO Way = Jadead + AG .c48m @ @ Ve, — Ale Deg TEStawm Any Lz 0 ONG 226 OT ky Pew 4 Re Rtastar] nm Prete Mewar 6o ae a [s Beta L Qa AUER AeT St x 46,643) eee “goed > Aoxaenao BB x te Bom 2 BBO ee 2814 2B x to For aske , Xe MSsNz 006617 Sk (SCE Fle. 2Q ot tents Ligesw-ime @aracetance C dey * C Ses EX Bot merear) -2 eo. 3 (a asqnw) = S555K10 Fhm a meres er) Sigad s3'? wecsteme Seem aren, Cys MCtsens®> = An = S85 38xi07 elem Chaae Baron —tencentace - SiS8S- 5953.5, v.36 S855 . LINEA ME PHASE SEPARATION 1g DeUvBLED, De 20% w Piece ad + Wor2as ay tf oe 2d as W(e-854 xie'*) leu gerzer oF camm, Cy \eizae In Sap ~ ao OS® a2 = 4.885 KIO Film TW (eesaxa'?> Nesicenne EARN ERreET, Cue ee seas avs + ABIES Ely, A BAS 4.878 A285 ERROR PERCENTAGE 00 2 143%, ado@ Hy = Mas tgs 2x50 2 1005 Min = Maas | asta io” = 103-08 9 Rig fsohe toot 2 WB Sk Deg = 2/CsyC2sdcsod = BUS Gt Pos ASS co onan Se ot i Coy + ERG BRa me 2 areas tS ef ee ~ ae (aay ~ Aledy renee) v3) i Vag = (osioa xios.oae nity” = 196 pe Mg = 100 fe Qe) NEGLECHNG THs EFFECT OF Ground, 2n Ce-354 x") 12, eee ¢ = SB ATSERIS Flim EFPRCY of SRD GWWES A WiGhER VALUE ERQOR Percent = UIE eee woo = ae AnGas GMD: (GoxGoxi20) = 75-65 riz LE so.casa gk 5 Nay Ss 2Aam E Tee on AE 48 = 0608 St (2 Am SR ney 27% Gua = [rn ']™ = [e CABS xa x Groaead | = 0:693 Se 1854 xil®> a2 Seb eee taortat 2 1886 908 Fg a am hea (12s Sets Nexy Kp 5 20683. hog (75S) 50-1283 KL 2 00683 Lo 6-010, ae ee END Kot KL XL = oreae Bm emt te seutaat, ” ONDALKIO® Re mito NEUTRAL 4 — ~NS=ASO Frou Problew 4°46 -n : Cage tC? EC xia )= C6235 x10 Wie Vig = RO Ow x= Cay Vig# (Geasser6™ )(20x18)= sata” Tre From Eq (Ain) The conductor Svrgace electric fielol strenats ts & ie=4:50 ContD, cou Lesaaxie” oe ee 5 = 31780xp “Vx \GE mw a LOO CH, = 3.575 Gres CHR Uewig Ga(4i2-4) ye arvana level electric 1s 45! (a) Cx aS Field strength Alrectly Under tre conductor e, = kst4xe” [erred @. Ge) Da aee 7a) = een (aor) (2.88089) oy Gof +(O-sy> el ™M av oy ae i ao 0.001188 Ax Fron Problew Aso , he i Sn Geese cn) = isqaixie E ous - 0,006 ae &S 5.) un( Le ) ea af = ah te. 6.9975 x10 7 £ Cxq Vag = 6.995 x15) faoxie®) = 1.874xi8 a L399 xis? Gr) (8, 584x158 4)(o.004375) * (eco) (Te 2682 AVins om “TH40 SE ContD- pute anaxiol, @Cey _ ane | (am)(a.esy0s™) | Gey” Gove lesy = basy x as.)= orooiasy By dv ) L Gey oy +lo.8)~, peal e Veneer wT ton \omv olin hy mn The Conductor Sorpace @leetrie flea Strengt Ee Clecreases 1865% Cinereases 408%) a8 re Conlvctr dianeter Twreases 25% (clecreases 28h), The Aroond level eleete veld Stren th & inereates seb 40 (desneared Ge4%e)0 % B=CHAPTER 5S (a) Az B= \0fe py 5 Gso08 2(O\A ayo Ba Cao> = NGRS 160.8 (b> : : | ds = \4.05 - oie ‘| Be ee Fr [ers 2 oitso (25-247 ka Vs 2 AVg+ BEg= HoCse8) (635 L608") @r15 Lo 28.84") = 19.054 2045/3496 = zone (2.22 ky, oe eg WIAD 5 Ng = 2016 236-96 ky, je Ty = outs [25-84 ka ls = = vo(in.o8) +(w6as 2e0-8") (e115 /25-84° ) z (NOS 4 2044 / 8664" lata 4 2-04 = 1U28 At? ky Ng = 10-282 3aaakvy, ~ 1gtw Ve vz = let (3.83010 x 1S0l)(oend. 43) (180) = 1+ 4 (raped! jana L828) TV 6.01923 [170.81° = 0.9820+3 0.002497 0,1820 LOWS per ove = E = 72099 | Bo08? 2 = ¥(ie TE); 4.495 x15" /20" ({+ ,007118/n0.8) & = (ntasxis! fae?) (0.441 + § 0.00150) = (414s x6"AS)(0.94) Jo.0867°) = yeAsoxio [20.07 «oon “i 8 e uw Vee Bele = pore hig it x, = Pa L-cos (pF) ~ 280 lecoi! a1 a geil LO Baryon ~oeoreet Ge AV BEge (eeA820 Jozins9) han.or s+ (a-ltos1") 5 a x(-eeryaeit) Ve = 124,73 /OovmS? 4 4g.37 /12243° Ve = 88 +S ea = 146.4 LS? vy, HEINE ESM Sev Tt BD Te | a /io.o9° (21 rey (Atak da 2.06297 /70.07° + Oe6S508 £-7-T38° Fy = 0644s -Jo,02677 = 0, enS0/-23" A a ~120-A os B:Dcomp. Vegi = — RSL eee aoa (O: “ 064220 Fe Vers = VRne= VRE yipp = 28412 22S x0 = 118% Naew BLO See 2 Mas ary pee tg ae ete Stase, wi 10o Yeose * ! [Beane = beB40 x1OF Tr @) 3, 064820 Oems? per onrt net LEE 9 yygo/ 8O6SY per wart su 960x158" jao,07 = 0.1614 [40007 fer, eons s = Stace 3b We) Vero * SRE LE = 0ntseg 10 re \ Tees Se = 2 066624 /-8.1° nga? per\ = 22-2 2510 *Rre” grazie ate orit\ RG@e) ha =AeVagt Betnet (aera sist} (1a80L80:%) 6 -eveL=81") 1.04941 0.3501 On T3713 [OHS + 0, 2643 LTT” = Mpg = tebos IBors? per onic Meo * BpsT ap = 2419 Lton07 9 (a568)-+ 6982 o19S°) (aver (etal = eds 1.592 (2? = 2,567 -J 061075 Eypy = 22864 (22-848 per vwiie (©) Vawry 2 Wt any = WO6/O4S2 = 1 1AG3 Per ume Vewcpo 7 Varupe mt too Mb EEE noo = 87 Oy VR, = Narepe 2AS6S ot2te[Sle] Ee] RIE | - [AR +e) | A+B) [z GAL+ BS) | (eB BOL Ee iF % welt FoF Eq + (¥. + BER) YVa (SEQ EL is, at (14¥3,) =e ) = = C4 YE) Var (B+8 + FRR)En +3, at 2 Za Natrin format ¢ a) - fOr RL Greta) 7/ % | | ¥ C\rTE) IE a122-a Vy YS vaRtu as Referee, Es Fhe Faah Tek, Fog h Va Conomed; Tag LOCleasined; Ur TR4 dre a Vy Golt; Gg 1E Ng PURSOR DINGRAM Bde), EL Genome R Ax - £ s( he a 5 Va \S TAKEN AS REFERENCE Eye ne PRASOR DIAGRAM =e FoR NomAL T~ciRenr Reie$ SE aD FoR NOMINAL T—ciRCUVT OF PARTCAD, As Bo \eA YE 5 Be By F-¥ O04 ve) “123-Brdoo o S3 . . LaBe 2 0 S(6G4d08) =o Aadork x, Goolsrie _ B15x10" OB x Va (908-3 V Cincom neurnae) A Ve FRom THE FRASER DIAGRAM DRAWN Below wirn F As REFEREWcE 2 2. 2 Nez (vg Cry + IR) 4 CMA a + EX) ee 2 18x10" 0°" a1 04 Gossy 2 (8\g+ Venez) + (6% Sn x *) Va, Ve Fron wich ome Gers Vea isos V > Line-re-Line votTASE Ar RECEWING END = 1805 (B 2 MwY ae = 3126 kV (b> LINE CURRENT Is Gwen BY Le BISme! BOTT A a PHASER DIAGRAM -teanCad FROM PHASOR DIAGRAM OF PR. 5/7 SoLUNON Vg, CP by + ER = \808( 0-8) + (207-76 xo-3) = 1SOG-3SV Sensingenn ee = ‘59633 . So cee Vs T9053 = OPTS Lacing Gb) Senpiig-cup -thase Power = Fs SB Ci05-3) CRoM7E) O79 2 Qsskw a (© —-Daree-Twase Line Loss : ABB -Ae0 = BBkW a on 3 (20176 yera x a8kw ALSél (0) From TARE Ag, Re ots (MEL De e001 2 [hem ° ai. Givgornborn From PROG. % ‘i . ae Jas ee anit flown 5 He B22AME ‘Lac slew Feon Pot Bee Lh 2144 (o-20nn Sie LE) stan Larnt)eoama/ovorny Pee eT Ae Be Ba Hk = osmnten aw’ = Sut Lge we VE) « GaaanstZov [re renee oe) 2 BarGnw* L983 S Vge BE fo = Os alg ky x co Jecedton = otg4s Lo asad ka 2G o 994 (125-0) + 544/82 = 15a Lnad kv Vg = 18-3 (B= 2ez kv Vv, = Vala: 262z/oanes 264.2kv ae YVR os Va wi= Ye ek xo 2 264228 ave’ Vere me 6 fe (be) Tps 01845 /o' ka Vy z orate leroans’ (25.4) + sii Lez (0 1945 20") 2 136-6 /172 ku y 5 Vg Moe JB: 2accky, Ve wie Vs[A = 236G/egay2 = 2aa-Glevyy Yn s ABB 6A 28 ieo 2 1-437, ane Ce) Ege ota 2s.ad ka Vs = iea.afocaae + 40.6 [07 95" Ng = 8.9 SB x 2086 AL PLR 2 205S-2MB vp 2 56% Za snea fa ky, 3 f26-B10 Aad = TABLE AY 2 a : fn From TABLE Aid, Re Co.onca) Coke) 2 oF few Frat PROD. AQT KA AI, Fe 6.020 4OS352 0.336/ 86.6 ef Be torn Fe £90" Siw \e 4 (oanenito/ see") (4.8071 aoe v0 40) = 0.anae Jo0a2? pu 3h = 6 B36 (iso) /R66* = Go 48/866" ) s (@-arine tess Lae) Cie oosylitec') = 8.54axte 4/9005" § Vas “e Io's 274.24 Lo ky, Fy = eR coo Latons oo ogy Jina kA Baas © SEAMS (a8) Tig. Bg: (2-739 [2 002) (274.28) + Gores Lae )(z0an rand) = reea lever ky 5 Vex 26aaBs AsTak\, Tq + Sani “90.0814 -26) 4G: a73afo.ond) a ) = 20714 [2482 ka > H+ Bu TsCh8) = IR 489-4 (arg Jon (2702 = 2.4.42") 2 leat PS = cor (20% — 24-42) = 0-499 Lagaing GD FULL~LoAD Ling Losses = Fa = 1641-1600 = 47 Mi i Kad: 14 t2 s @ A=zD: «Ge Sa 45 Eeecewer = (Pa/ Pier = (IGoo/igqer) too = 9A1 7, > Vaya = Ve/A = 4879 /oatsq = Ato-2 ky 8 N —Ve ee » Ze VR & RET NREL tag a ATOR AN Ls 17 aq5 i EL ZtSth (a> “tue semes imvenance ree pune 2. (na jou) 2 (0t8 +4 21 Coe) area qio®) 40 = G4j20 220. Jo’ = ands? kv ve TW Recens EAD veLTAGE PER PHASE Ve e BRL oe ng MVA Coa) Te sea R42 Youn THe cuetent Pes puase is awen ey Besa / 30e «(281 £36.81" ) 10? Bx tat Ze THE Studied ED VOLTAGE , AB Pee KYL, IS Givew BY eS See e : eee: Vaz Vat % Fp = 2 110% (6as20) Crore 23687") 8 = 144-33 74-43 kv Complex rewte Ar me Receive exo S 2 \oce /-3687" A THE Senorme ewD Line-re- Lime VeLTAGE MAGNITUDE (8 THEN Vacuey + JB Gaacasy= asoky THE SEuDING EAD PWR 1S ae = BVgES = 3(ia4:332499)(to0e acer) is? = 3228 Mw 4 4288-6 MAR = 430 /408" MA 250-220 | oing 76 Ye 0 AY TRANSMsseN Line EFFicieHEr Is Me REED . Beare isCsq@y BRB VOLTAGE REGULATION IS, Tok : (by With 0-8 LEADING paweR FACTOR, Eye tooo /aeavra THE Seupincenp vourace rs Vy Vw ZF, = v2t-aa (4.297 kv THE Seupte EU Lindt Lies Vourace MAGMTUDE Vs QZiyl3 § 139 i fa = 210-26 kV We seupucens rower Ss SUES eats a tey Ch iscsi). ware oa ee aaa doze C1 27 ) 228 -31GRS oe = eta /-29-58"hva Be TRawsmissioN Link EFFIOLENCY = VOLTAGE REGULATION = = OAS Patse> .Besk _ oad Fycze) Bene 7128S312 (OS THE Homma, TH ocigeutT 13 stewe Be Low: 3a THE TOTAL LIME imeepAWee Bs ©1826 44 TBA) WO 2 18.264578-4 THE LANE ADMITTANCE FoR Wows 15 = 80.5 £76882. /p,, ys 4. Lad: see, Geant 186. osaainw® fad 3/bb. ee carlos Cb) Va = 280 fo’ = iga.a (oO kv He cc > to Tg = 209 [et = 50210 A (+r Unire pomenractor> YB C2805 Sas Ege Up CZ) + 502 Len (ansec eC -2108* fast) Se2+y 35-26 = 503-3 (4.097 A THE SENDING END VoLTAGE Vg = (32-8 10" +(e-S0aa /4-09°) (20.5 / 76.89" fe 1BA182 4J dots 1aaetg [16-047 ky THE LAWE-TO-LINE VOLTAGE MAGWTUDE AT mE sewdina EwD Is JB Caan) = = = 250.784 ky Ig Ty + U(¥) = 902 4438-46 saan Lea’) Coan dae = AM245AB.4G = 48GT (BSA Senping en fewer Seragys BCAA IAI Carer) L1G 2a" -Bss = QVR-BB ad 28-81 MVA so P, sag) T RIBBE MM 5 Aycag. = 28 BI MAR © Requearion 2 VS~YR | 1AM TA ta28 aoe 20.0 ve2-8 7 Ve 124 =513 ¥Q= O-4S LET = 0.023951 ti O4413E3 we et eOL3SS1 LO4¥ISES r ehh 2 eOOrSSS! 80 = 1,0U3831 fon4naxesd = 06422190 + Foe 444763 Te 5 O-d*85S! Lo. 4yases : eae é = 0.9767 234 [=0. 413 radians = 0.89975 -§ 0. 4042167 Se -¥e . ie cost (¥2)= eee o (6922180 +5,444 763) + (8797S — 104242787 > ~ cost (¥2) = 0.400965 + J 0,0/0232 = a.r010 10.6507? Per bare Alkernatwe ly 4 cost (+ OL3sSi+s, 4448e3) = cost (0238S!) cos 444883) * radians eos . 2 + Usinst (go185S!) sim (0449383) cash($2) = (Ie 0002") (4400"S2) +5 (4673683) (4844 (0) = o4009ES +H40O.010U3L = 0.49010 10.4507" : per One ic x . . sise(B) = = ES _ (.gacuwo ti o1t763)~(627975-J,4ay907) = ca E of o2inis + J.434S30" = on43sof 87.20° Tann(Bd/s) = SoshC¥e)- 1 _ (4900765+520/0232) — | Sinet(xa) 64380 J 87.26% = 7020979035 tia01023, 05099 Sex LMS Oa#SS0/ 87.209 = ales eva Littes TroGC%ala) = 022.289 1 86%? per uKit 2130-Saisie JB. . forosrias * @ _ = 43513 [850° J tet xo" vaxis’ 240° Bex f178S7. [-4.899° = 2eu.6 /nr.yso” Oe () ¥e=V3q “Ws VGasrsiaseie (4 xis? (ae (S08) YQ = 006216 BLSS? = 0,0265744 0. 6210S ( R= Be cost (Fa) = cost 0216814 J £2108) radians = (1.000383) (0, yiszez) +4 (20265731) 581841) = OeS1RSSS $40,015 463 = Oe F137 Lteoed? per park slac%e) = sin (ores 5.62108) : rections | SUI (+0266) COS (+g2.106) +) COS (-01EST)S In (e62108) COSH (602657) COS (262105) +4 51Ng (602687) sIN(e62105) it (e2657)(.81 327) +4 (1eo0e3s3)(+S8/ 589) B ororiedtt+ J o.S82014 = 0.5825 / 80-972 = Ee smmc¥e) = Aeres La20480°)( seas Le427°) B= 1646 LBSoH2° 2 = BT? ae (ae) a) = ors eis LSet aTreG Lo BeHS 0% c= a ogix io / 40-32% s ——___ ~iSteSMS ye AB. amass kv, Tar Pe Le", t000 /o* ceaa eas FB Ve CRED VB AR OD & (ay Ver AT + Bigs omsay /towa Covad 164-6/85-42 (62025 2 BALE KY 5 Vg2 Mes Baakyy, CD Fy EG a BE es 2icaine§ /ge.s2’ Cran Je otisr/i 04a" C..202) svpa/mitka 5 ras weaka “> (es), F Ce (30-4 Buia) = cats) 2 0-4E84 Laoag CO Ree Bou Teolbsya B Baas Cuisa)oaneg = 1OGt-T Mw FULL. LoAD Line Losses = Fy Ppt lediet—tooe = GUT MW EEN pines ta Va/ ace S44-5/eears 664.2 ky Zvesr Yaw ~Veew Vere (BaeBAG TAME AA TWREE ACER Finn conDuctORS PER PHASE re 0269 Awe is o,02 [hem a ek bo km fo-s26/ B66" ° @ 2: (Hy = [RES eg 2 264A LAT ow th iSeF L _ fomenaennist[aetond [eaduad Cao0) = Owlisegewer FO Bz CoanFR) = cook Coors +4 B89 @ &K 5 Coah 0nd Crro.ag + j Athoowds At o-B8t ede 4 Pads 5 OA285 eJe-oodre 2 0.9285 (2-258 PU Arar CK = ai (o0us ago -sevd Arak OU Cos 881 +4 Comhoous Atwo-Se nad. 2 OOWAS AJ OSUS < 0-316 (88.307 Be Bonenyh s 26a fava (care (82-39) 2 ag-25 /86.69°.n, Ez pawrh / a. = arsine Leese [lacs (aia) = Laosxi® £9009" 5 “15dVae Gto/ie) lo sari lot ky, Coy: Tas 182 cdo s weog /-25-84° KA Vaz AUgx Bigs oazesle2se’ (ants) 498-25 /a6.69"( 80a 258d) cara L2sad bys Vys e4 Bs essay Vaw = Ve[A 2 663t/onegs Tom kay TVR = News ONE io x CARAS? too 2 46-77% Vege (b> Va= ores /e25¢ Caria + 48-25/86-69'C 1-804 (o*) = Bav-A (BEG ky 5 Vy = 348: SECT Ve ue = Vs [A= 8867/oa285 = 599.5 bY 5AVS~ 480 ABO %NR = xloo = 24-8 /, ceo Vyz 287-3 /e.258' » 2a Ls = 2502 Lavost ky, se 282 = assa ky, Vem > Ve /A = aasa/oazes 2 4686 ky, 68.6 ~ 4% 2, evel nase eee aty, ~iBba-eee & [GE = 200 (fosamrns.ves are y / Grea ead d/2 2 ania £8482 20.0486 4501415 = (MgB R Zo. [2 , [esas agen ad )f2 = 406-4 fn Sak? tL t Bes xe aoea Le Comb Ths 5 OAS Joqadat & eh eh es GPRS yanaat_ gh eeSO) aad 2 o.a5er (84.48 Aivh hs E86 poratg Ene Jared = o-aset 1 Vg = Ug cml Ey. ahd = 2 Goats x eases [122 )s (@-a967 x 406-4 Last x onsen /84-93°) = lat.se Z27-77° ky LINE -Te- LiMe VoLTA GS MAGHIUpE AT THR Seabing End Is [8137862 2ageky a Seay, : o\¢ BAe 2 Ege Tho TR AGKTA =(a2sxoaea (rad er SOAR! woasaT/ aa ig: i, a G Lae) coca yiaiae: = Bb2-a) (26-337 SENDING END LiWe CURRENT MAGuituDEe 18 SB2-B1A Pycagy + V3 (238-8) Gaza) en (27-977 26-08) = 187,433 kw Qrcse> * TS (238-8) (332-31) ain (27:97 26-338) = 3454 kvar NLOAS ated Goore Tar At Mo toaD , Foro; Ges Uy [eoahvh) since Bs 0-418] 220 + 0-002068 nad/me The WAveLenary Woz 2H 2 _2R 2 BOAD wi B 7 aeeeaees * BO4 ABD THE VELOCITY of PRIRAGATION 2 Lh 2 Gox Bedd 2 \aa 520 i/o +1356Bud Choosing ABASE OF IZSMVA And 21SkKY | 2 2 Base tmeeoances IE) 2 aon; ersecuntente rem saas1A 128 Baas so Be. AAAS AN Logg / 5-48 CU, Yr tle we Twe Leap eaina Ar Umty PF, Ege he Le ey 2. Ug s Tyan Che Te Be AGhYR = eG fe vasaea Lyd) aC lex voas L500 aaa (84-93) kwon 222-78" PE Eos Ege tha ‘g Ain eh = Ci Le’ x 0-80 Lea!) +( me" o-4sar (24-93 ) = 0:94 £26.98" PU AT ME StwaiuG END LAME-TO- LIME VoutAGe MaAgmituDE 2 \-Mo2x 215, = 2aa-Tky LANE CURRENT MAGMTORE = OMA 338-7 = BBaRA 136+(> Ler Tue Cb) REFER te TABLE S.A OF THE TERT. FoR NomMAL =H CtRcurT Fon EQUWALEWT =~ CAREWT + -(37- wit » + amen 1s Coat VAL. =A) wmien os Be Auk Th dys +ate) pis ol mhBezt BO-Bavy Svesnrenna Now ADB hence Now = 3 SUEETTONG TE ABovE REsuLy For Rone gS a. & hus on, 5-22 AK wm K se Ae on Fey suesmtned, Fax edn, ane Re AysjAa , ome cers KPa wE + 2g Ake 2D Arn baXaed Carmi Ae sts6 eta ICIS AMELIE, ¥U- a= 2] Ax - Arn} ciao Wwiew Inecies oe 2L a} Aw X= Cham, FAX) 20 -138-S523 cauvatenr TT cimewr: 2B a Ba 164-6 /a5.a2 = argagreney 5 WEA Re ge Awe Aueewarvenys E ‘i 05825 [87.87 = onsia/ssa' (See) wane Pen as a 164-6 /as.at 0. VA (CE\E gaa nich sen Lae? baw Alz) %>G)R- - teas 2 = Gv xe? 196) (eee ‘| A TA Athy TA Ath VY) Gx? LO D7 @. aras65 44 15463) = so Bins se O-G2G /g.58°(0.5828 [2 22626 / an.ss°(o.5e28 1B a wate? Lae L yeosar /- ae se! ie ah ~ GIs AB oy san3/ ga. eats SARs a GUIDING fa Ne 35 2 Zo won isa Ee epN es ¥. Vp iM, ee xu -~ Nomanal W Cirewir Egeuvalent TW Crest Rie td Is Fo Smaller than R= 15.0 XE WHR S 662% Smaller tren X= 15,0 Wa = ABT KwWSS ys 3.44 Jammer teen VRS 11 Kid? Gla = BlSx16''S is {atroduced two the eguivalear yr cercvi te s <139-= 918-25 /86-69"_9 2 5.6734 4as-or oe 861 sy*/-4 « 508) a wh Hh Wek AAD? 1286 4 jocoase = = (1482 118 /ae) e saat fees (eon a rains (ag Cc B08 ajo. se) e008 /196.7° Gane ae Gadd x to” 45 ic etait i Bs 6a. Suen a ty Ve Ro 4x %. ol as 7 sOatawts Ve Fie 8 Paramets 7a : EQWVALENT TT circur NomiwaL TT ciReurr ReSCiZn is B57 SMALLER Man R= 6-2 ‘ wie FB OVR is 24 SMALLER THAN X= tooS SL Be. 724d xd” S16 2% Lancer maw Y[2 Glas 6-atxies Tanniet § AS WwTReDUCED INTO THE EQUIVALENT TT cIReWIT, “i4o-TUE Lene Kink Wa G@UVALENT CiREULT IF SHOWN BE Lows Bin B eave [vr : Hs th + § oT BAY | ms ten enAne t* \ eee : a Saainic® Lact spud pen ua: soisae TEER tS LaF Shot ter ase Mia SPE 5 Be Bk x to0-09 Le sctn, Fa ke borenw” Zoe's Boe Ge ER IGA = 0-872 Leary Ee Een? ang Loual vile : . . Ato Th 6.40 (a7 20 eh i YEE beh GAD. osangaie? J 298i s z+ rere rele ye & a a ¥ = 502 Les (a32,800 /et)(0-3476 mio /aaan”) = Bots 1.240 A Vo = Ver Tyr B's veasee lets 5078 (8.247 (186-48 £9726") = \eoaas 22-48 y @) setDing BwD Ling-Te-LiNe VouTAge MAcwiruse = JB 16/8352 27a-cky > a: w+ C¥9 = 507-5 [8.244 1Go-Rd5 (9-476) (24.484 Ba.01 aanas [18-08 A 5 Lge a82-aaa 5, a e* . ©) Seeagnt BUs EF = B Ceorsssy G-asraay [22-457 —18-04" 2 22841 Mw + fact myer Cd) PERCEenT vourace REquiarion = 10-835 — N88 woo = 204 haaee * awd,$26 wo 2. (ER. (8838s ata z Jasnrs Ce CR 2 [REL wfosar (i 45x) (B20)+ 50-3958 eu “) © he jpr 5 phe 08088 to = B= Comph © cose-sass rains) 26 9227/0" Pu 2 9 BL Aw ph 24 @144) Av(oraase@ nedions) = flores a oom Es (LY awph = | eno B nadion, i iGae Bos pacaion eae 2 sf vaanc?s ps Bh/k = o-3988/ B00 = 1.319 «10? padtann/ bene 2 2m/p = 4766 km 2 > ssi. Wacken (g00)" = Fo 4A Mw (3d) ae 274-4S27 Be B sje ern AuTEaMarivecy s PL Chosg naan) BEEBE aetened B58 glee Coqrar) = g tesa ce Eas Chey ECP) 25 Fone be Gras natians’) = PATE aconea gta = dranie® Cuossy . §72asxie* 5 * iy jies-4a.0 y Ny Setar a EQUIVALENT Tl CiReunT 5-25 @ Ve =\e/A = Scofearet 2 sata ky tb) Vaz Vz = Sooky cer Vy = compl Ty + 5 Ze Ann Bh (a/c 2e)\ = [conph +42 sonpl | Ty |ceopl 442 aenpd| Ve Boo = 522s arekv [emeagge da amegaga| vee os Ro Vs, tH) Prax ao 7 ove _ 590%$00 = = 2259 Mw x esa Abe