The Riva Group uses two different technological processes for its production of raw steel: the integral

cycle
and the electro metal- lurgical cycle.

• It’s the most used and it consists of a plant and work complex which starts form raw materials to
obtained metallurgical products.

• The iron mineral is taken from the deposites and it’s preparated to obtained a chemical
composition suitable for loading into the blast furnace

• The fossil carbons, appropri-ately drawn from deposits and blended, are distilled in the cokery –
made up of a series of furnaces grouped in batteries – to produce metallurgical coke, a materi-al
that constitutes the chemi-cal reducing agent in the manufacturing process of liquid iron in a blast
furnace.

• The iron mineral, taken from the deposits, is processed in the preparation plant which, through
crushing, riddling and blending of the different types of minerals available, enables a material to be
ob- tained that has the chemical composition and granulome- try suitable for loading into the blast
furnace.

• The iron minerals are processed in the agglomeration plant, where they are transformed at high
temperature to create a resistant structure. A variant of this process consists in a realization of balls
that are baked to give them adequate mechanical strenght.

• The product is worked by special railway trucks, called torpedo wagons because of their form

• In the integral cycle LD process is realized. It consist in oxygen blowing through launching and this
permits to refine liquid iron. So it is deprived of carbon and transformed into steel.

• Then, to achieve thermal balancing, a specific quantity of scrap iron is added. This provides to
safeguard the refractory lining and the metallurgy of the process.

• The liquid steel is poured into a ladle with iron alloys to reach the desired chemical composition.

• The solidification of the steel takes place by casting in machines, in which are included the ingot
moulds, constituted of copper moulds chilled by water, with a section equal to that of the product
to be manufactured. Inside this the process of solidifying the steel begins, which will be completed
on exiting from the ingot moulds, by water sprays along the subsequent sections of the continuous
casting machines.
The solidified semi-product, cut to the desired length by means of oxygen-lance shears, is transferred by
rollers to the evacuation cooling bed. The semi-finished products are then heated in special furnaces and
rolled in normally specialised rolling mills, for transformation into finished products.

PRODUCTS

TINPLATE AND
CHROME PLATE COILS AND SHEETS

Tinplate is the most commonly used material for making steel-based containers for the food
industry and other sectors.

It consists of a thin sheet of mild steel (low carbon content <0.12%), known as basic steel, electrolytically
coated with a thin layer of tin and protected against atmospheric oxidation by passivation treatment and a
film of natural oil. The tin coating, thanks to its high protective properties, withstands corrosion and
preserves unaltered the organoleptic
characteristics of the substances it comes into contact with.

Tinplate is used mainly for making cans and other containers of various sizes for food or industrial
products in solid, liquid or gaseous form.

HOT-DIP ZINC AND ALUMINIUM COATED

COILS

The coils, normally cold rolled and

pickled, are sent to the hot-dip coating lines where they are first annealed and then, after thorough surface
preparation, coated.
 Coating is obtained by continuous hot- dip in zinc or aluminium-silicon alloy

and guarantees lasting protection, making the product suitable for a vast range of applications .

Zinc coating protects steel against corrosion by both a barrier effect and sacrificial action (cathodic protection) at
the same time, which guarantees

protection of the underlying steel even in the case of damage and on trimmed edges.

Thanks to these characteristics, together with the high drawability and formability typical of cold rolled
steel, hot-dip coated coils lend themselves for use in the automotive sector, industrial and civil
metalwork, the building industry and structural applications in general.

ELECTRO-GALVANIZED COILS

Electro-galvanized products have a zinc coating applied electrochemically to both or only one of
the surfaces. The key feature of these products is that they can be coated on one side only and with lower
coating thicknesses.

The electro galvanizing process makes it possible to obtain a zinc coating of high chemical purity and
perfectly

controlled thickness both longitudinally and transversely.

Being cold rolled and annealed before being coated, the product can boast

drawing characteristics similar to those of cold rolled steel, as well as good versatility in high strength applications.

ILVA also supplies plates obtained by coil transversal cutting.