S.

O REFERENCES

1. Davis, C.V. and Sorensen/ K,E. h a n d b o o k of A p p l i e d H y d r a u l i c s , Tnird

Edition. JSA: McGraw-Hill, 1969.

2. Henderson, t.M. O p e n C h a n n e l Flo w, USA: Macmillan, 1966.

3. U n i t e d St ate s D e p a r t m e n t of the In te ri or, B u r e a u of R e c l a m a t i o n ,

D e s i g n of S m a l l Dams, S e c o n d Edition. USA: U n i t e d S t at es G o v e r n m e n t
Printing office, 1973

4. Ven Te Chow. O p e n fh<*-’

nel H y d r a u l i c s , International student edition.
Tokyo: McGraw-Hill Kogakusha Ltd, 1959.

5. We bber, N.B. Fluid Mechanics for C i v i l E n g i n e e r s , S.I. Ed iti on.

London: Chapman and Hall, 1971.

6. W i l s o n , E.M. Engineering Hydrology, Second Edition. London:

Macmillan, 1975.

7. Nicol, S.M. Efficient Flood Control of Dams Equipped with Crest Gates,
The Civil Engineer in South Africa, July 1973, pp. 186-189.

8. S t e di ng er , J . R . , Su' e , B.F., and L ouc ks, D.P. S t o c h a s t i c D y n a m i c

P r o g r a m m i n g M o d e l s for R e s e r v o i r O p e r a t i o n O p t i m i z a t i o n , Water
Resources Research, Vol. 20, No. 11, Nov. 1984, pp. 1499-1505

9. Orlovski, S., Rinaldi, S., and S^ncini - Sessa, R. A M i n - m a x A p p r o a c h

to Reservoir M a n a g e m e n t . Wat er R e s o u r c e s Re se ar ch , Vol. 20, No. 11,
Nov. 1984, pp. 15U6 - 1514.

10. Furstenburg, L. Emmarentia Dam: Proposed Alterations to the Existing

S p i l l w a y . D e s i g n Branch. City E n g i n e e r s De pa rt me nt . J o h a n n e s b u r g .
Internal report no. DR 0099-01-00-0763, July 1983.

11. Green, I.M.A. Opt imum D e s i g n of D e t e n t i o n S t o r a g e f o r an U r b a n

C a t c h m e n t . W a t e r S y s t e m s R e s e a r c h Prog ram me. U n i v e r s i t y of the
Witwatersrand. Report 3/1982, Sept. 1982.

12. Binnie and Partners, London. In house Reservoir Routing Program.

13. Tombs, S.GJIvumase Da m S p i l l w a y G a t e s and B o t t o m O u t l e t M e c h a n i c a l

Works. Confidential report to Department of Water affairs. Binnie «nd
Partners, Dec. 1985.

14. D e p ar tm e nt of E n v i r o n m e n t A f fa ir s, D i r e c t o r a t e of Wa t e r Aff ai rs.

G u i d e l i n e s for F q u i p p i n g a n d O p e r a t i n g D a m s w i t h F l o o d g a t e s .
Pretoria, 1983.

15. Hube r et al. Storm Water Management Model. D e p a r t m e n t of

E n v i r o n m e n t a l E n g i n e e r i n g St i er : es, U n i v e r s i t y of F l o r i o a ,
Gainesville, Florida 32611. 1982.

52
 Appendix

Users Manual
 Appendix A

A.1 OVERVIEW

The c o m p r e h e n s i v e R e s e r v o i r S i m u l a t i o n M o d e l , R E S I M O , u se s an
Olivetti M 24, with 256K RAM and iONB hard disk, desktop digital
computer or equivalent to route floods through reservoirs on the
basis of inflow (hydrograph) inputs and system (reservoir basin
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , s p i l l w a y s , f l o o d status) characterization to
pr e di ct o u t c o m e s in the form of an o u t f l o w h y d r o g r a p h from the
r e s e r v o i r and a s s o c i a t e d wat er l e v e l s a n d s t o r a g e s in the
reservoi r.

An o v e r v i e w nf the mo d e l s t r u c t u r e is sh o w n in F ig ur e A- . In
simplest terms the program is constructed i the form of "blocks"
as f o l lows:

i. LATA olock

This b l o c k is us ed to g e n e r a t e new dat a files , u p d a t e

data files, view data files, delete files and display
disk d i r e c t o r i e s . No c o m p u t a t i o n s are done in this
block.

ii. CALC block

This block performs all the calculations required to

s i m u l a t e t h e p r o g r t s s i o n of a f l o o d t h r o u g h a
reservoir. An opticn calculates an operating rule for
manual gates to optimize the use of a v ai la bl e storage
in the r e s e r v o i r and m i n i m i z e the o u t f l o w h y d r o g r a p h
peak.

H i . PRES block

This b l o c k p r e s e n t s c a l c u l a t i o n r e s u l t s , fr om CALC,
• e i t h e r on s c r e e n or line p r i n t e r as required. No
calculations are done.

As i n d i c a t e d in F i g u r e A-1 a 1.*, datj are e nt e r e d , e d i t e d an d

u p d a t e d in the DAT A block. C a l c u l a t i o n s , u s i n g data from D A T A
b l o c k , are don e in the C A L C b l o c k and r e s u l t s from C A L C are
presented by the P R ES block.

This s t r u c t u r e has a n u m b e r of a d v a n t a g e s . The most i m p o r t a n t

are:

i. O n l y one b l o c k nee ds to be e n t e r e d into the p r o c e s s o r

ot a time. This has the a d v a n t a g e of a l l o w i n g m o r e
p r o c e s s o r space for data and c a l c u l a t i o n p u r p o s e s ,
i.e. Larger data sots can be run on the same ma ch i ne .

ii. Onl y one operation is done at a time and results stored

p r o g r e s s i v e l y i.e. The user m ay g e n e r a t e a n u m b e r of
d a ta f i l e s first, run tlifm a f t e r w a r d s and v i e w the
r e s u l t s wi t ho ut l o si ng any of the e n t e r e d data or
calc ula ted result files.

A-1
 USER DATA

II _ _ :' -

DATA CALC
•

OVERVIEW OF THE RESIM O MODEL STRUCTURE, INDICATING

LINKAGES AMONG THE THREE PROGRAM BLOCKS

FIGURE A -1
A -2
 Appendix A

A.2 SERVICE BLOCKS

A.2.1 DATA Block

D A TA forms a freestanding, separate program which allows the user

to m a n i p u l a t e data as he requires. The p r o g r a m is me nu d r i v e n
and p-ovides the following options:

i. Create a new data file,

ii. Revise or view an existing data file,
iii. Dv'ete old data files.
iv. Diiu-.ay disk directory.
v. Ch.^7 ‘‘ »ALC.
vi. Chain to r'AtS.
vii. Finish using proy-'ai.

Option 1: Create a new data file

This option al lo w s a new data x i L e to be entereo. The data

input is i n t e r a c t i v e ana the j^er is g u i d e d by a s e r ie s of
q u e s t i o n s and pr omp ts. A set of data co din g for ms are
p r o v i d e d in A p p e n d i x B. These forms s h o u l d be u se d to
ensure that the data set is prepared correctly.

A n u m b e r of data ch ec ks are p r o v i d e d to e n a b l e the user to

co rre ct e r r o r s w i t h ou t r e - e n t e r i n g the e n ti re dat a set.
When a data set is complete it will automatically be stored
on disk, unaer a filename provided by the user, in a format
acceptable to the CALC block.

Data input is a r r a n g e d into fi ve categories un d e r the

following sub-headings:

i. Titles,
ii. Reservoir basin characteristics,
iii. Spillway data,
iv. Flood data,
v. Reservoir flood status.

Titles

This data s ub -s et s e r v e s to i d e n t i f y the data set and

the filename under which it will ultimately by stored.
The data file name is entered first and it is suggested
that a d i r e c t o r y na me is p r e f i x e d to the f i l e n a m e to
e n s u r e that the dat a are s t o r e d on the c or rec t dis k
d r i v e i.e. If a data f i le is to be s t o r e d on d r i v e A,
under the filename "FRED" the filename entered should
be "A:FR£D". If the d i r e c t o r y n a m e is o m i t t e d d at a
w i l l be s t o r e d in the d i r e c t o r y in use at the t im e
(usually this means on the pror,. am disk).

A-3
 Appendix A

In a d d i t i o n to the f i l e name the user is a l l o w e d two

t it le s. T h e s e t i t l e s s e r v ? to i de n t i f y the d at a set
and w i l l be i n c o r p o r a t e d , as h ea di n g s , in the fi na l
results. The first title should identify the reservoir
and its f l o o d s ta tu s w h i l e the s e c o n d t i t l e s h o u l d
describe the flood event.

Reservoir basin characteristics

This data su b-set d e s c r i b e s the r e s e r v o i r b a s i n by

mea n s of a n u mb er of st or a g e - e l e v a t i o n point s. The
p r o g r a m w i l l i n t e r p o l a t e l i n e a r l y b e t w e e n p o i n t s in
order to calculate storages at intermediate elevations.
The e l e v a t i o n st^p size s s h o u l d t h e r e f o r e be c h o s e n
such that the a s s u m p t i o n inh erent in i n t e r p o l a t i o n ,
i.e. that the c ha n ge in e l e v a t i o n and s t o r a g e b e t w e e n
two p o i n t s can be a p p r o x i m a t e d by s t r a i g h t lines,
yields acceptable results. The step size need not be
c o n s t a n t t h r o u g ho ut . i.e. The user can i n c r e a s e or
d e c r e a s e step sizes as re q u i r e d in or d e r to d e s c r i b e
the storage - ele vat io n curve adequately.

Spillway data

The program allows seven different spillway components.

They are:-

i. Box culverts
i i. Ogee cr?st
iii. Automatically controlled gates.
iv. Manually controlled gates.
V. Manually controlled high pressure outlet
vi. Fuseplug.
vi i. User defined.

Any one of these components can be used ind iv id ua ll y or

in c o m b i n a t i o n with one or more others. O n l y one
r e s t r i c t i o n a p p l i e s when a m a n ua ll y controlled
c o m p o n e n t is o p e r a t e d by the program: Any on e m a n u a l
component can be operated b" the program on its own or
in c o m b i n a t i o n w i t h a n y n u m b e r of n o n - m a n u a l
components, but not in combination with another manual
component.

Each of th e se s p i l l w a y c o m p o n e n t s is d e s c r i b e d by
specific equations with specitic limitations. The user
s h o u l d refer to C h a p t e r 2 of the m ai n re por t for a
description of these equations before he decides how to
describe a specific spillway.

The sizes, p a r a m e t e r s and c o e f f i c i e n t s r e q u i r e d to

describe each spi llway type are as shown on the coding
forms in Appendix B.

A-4
 Appendix A

Flood data

This data sub-set d e s c r i b e s the i n f l o w h y d r o g r a p h by

m e a n s of a n u m b e r of i n f l o w p o i n t s s p a c e d at e q u a l
timesteps from the start of the simulation. The input
t i m e s t e p n ee d not be the same as the t i m e s t e p u s e d in
c o m p u t a t i o n s . If the input t i m e s t e p d i f f e r s from the
c o m p u t a t i o n a l t i m e s t e p i n t e r m e d i a t e v a l u e s w i l l be
o b t a i n e d by mean s of i n t e r p o l a t i o n . The user s h o u l d
t h e r e f o r e e n s u r e that the c h os en input t i m e s t e p is
sufficiently small for interpolation to yield results
which are adequate.

Reservoir flood status

This data sup-set describes the reservoir flood status

i.e. the wate r l e v e l i~ the r e s e r v o i r at the start of
the s i m u l a t i o n / the m a x i m u m wat er l e v e l a l l o w a b l e
d u r i n g the s i m u l a t i o n and the fin al wat er l e v e l
required after simulation.

One data item requires further description: The tern

"analysis sensitivity" denotes a significant step siz.®
(in metres) that the user r eq u i r e s on the s t o r a g e -
i n d i c a t i o n curve, i.e. As the v a l u e of the a n a l y s i s
s e n s i t i v i t y v a r i a b l e d e c re as es / the n u m b e p cf the
points on the storage indicatior curve will increase.
This f a c i l i t y e n a b l e s the u to c a l c u l a t e the
storage-indicat ion curve in steps small enough to make
i n t e r m e d i a t e v a l u e s , o b t a i n e d by i n t e r p o l a t i o n ,
acceptably accurate. T h i s is a n i m p o r t a n t
c o n s i d e r a t i o n for a u t o m a t i c a l l y c o n t r o l l e d gates /
especially if they open over a small range of reservoir
levels.

Option 2: Revise or view an existing data file

This option allo ws the user to view the whole or part of an

e x i s t i n g data file. The data f i l e or part th er e o f can
e i t h e r be d i s p l a y e d on the screen or p r i n t e d on a line
printer. The option also allo ws the user to revise the data
f i le or pa rt s thereof. Dat a are v i e w e d and e d i t e d in four
blocks. They are:-

i. Reservoir basin characteristics

ii. Spillway data
iii. Floor' data
iv. Reservoir flood status

No te that the re is no s e p a r a t e b l o c k for c h a n g i n g ti tl e s .

The user is given the opportunity to change title one if the
reservoir flood status block is edited and to change title
two if the flood data block is edited.

A-5
 Appendix A

Data are edited in blocks. This means that an entire block

s h o u l d be r e - e n t e r e d if that b l o c k is to be edited. The
p r o g r a m uses the same s u b - r o u t i n e s to ente r r e v i s e d d at a
blocks as is used to enter j new data file. The revision is
thus also done interactively and all ow s several data checks
to enable the user to correct input errors.

Once editing is complete the new data file is stored on disk

under a . .lename provided by the user.

Option 3: Delete old data files

This o p t i o n a l l o w s the user to d e l e t e o l d data f i l e s tl'at

are no longer required. The user should note that a results
file is not deleted together with its associated data file.
Simulation results are stored on disk by CALC under a file
name derived from the data filename by adding ".RES” at the
end of the f i lename. If, for e x a m p l e , the run "FRED" is to
be d e l e t e d c o m p l e t e l y the user must d e l e t e the d a ta f i l e
"FRED" as well as the results file "FRFD.RES".

Option 4: Display disk directory

This o p t i o n a l l o w s the user to d i s p l a y any d i r e c t o r y

available. This is useful for locating ol d data files and
also for checking space av ai la ble on a device.

Options 5&6: Chain to CALC or PRES.

These o p t i o n s a l l o w the user to ch ai n d i r e c t l y to the

required block without physically reloading.

Option 7: Finish using progran

• This option allows the user to exit from the program.

A . 2.2 CALC block

CAL C forms a s ep a r a t e p r o g r a m whi ch c o n t a i n s al I the e q u a t i o n s

and algorithms required to simulate a flood through a reservoir.
The b l o c k o p e r a t e s i n d e p e n d e n t l y reading its data, prepared by
DATA, from disk and writing its results to disk, fur PRES.

The b l o c k w i l l f o l l o w one of a n u m b e r of p o s s i b l e c a l c u l a t i o n
p r o c e d u r e s to suit the p a r t i c u l a r s p i l l w a y c o n f i g u r a t i o n
s e l e ct ed . An o v e r v i e w of the d e c i s i o n tree is g i v e n in F i g u r e
A-2. Two basi c a l g o r i t h m s are a v a i l a b l e to s o l v e the v o l u m e
balance. They are:

- The storagc-indication method and

- An iterative search technique using a decreasing increment.

A-6
 APF THE
JSER ^ ^ M A N U A L COMPONENT PROGRAM
^ USER OR PROGRAM
CONTROLLED
?

USER STORAGE USE ITERATIVE

I INDICATION METHOO SEARCH TECHNIQUE
Of VOLUME BALANCE FOR VOLUME BALANCE

USE PROGRAM GATE

CALCULATION ROUTINE BASED
ON AN ITERATIVE SEARCH
TECHNIQUE OF VOLUME BALANCEJ

' USE PROGRAM GATE

USE MOOIFIED
CALCULATION ROUTINE
STORAGE INDICATION
BASEO ON MODIFIED
STORAGE INDICATION METHOO OF VOLUME
METHOD OF VOLUMt BALANCE
V BALANCE
J
OVERVIEW OF DECISION TREE FOLLOWED BY CALC. BLOCK
TO DETERMINE THE ALGORITHM TO BE USED

FIGURE A-2
A-7
 Appendix A

Bo th the se t e c h n i q u e s are f u l l y d e s c r i b e d in C ha p t e r 2 of the

main report.

The program selects between the algorithms as follows:

- If the spillway co nta iis one or more components that are not
m a n u a l l y c o n t r o l l e d the p r o g r a m w i l l use a s t o r a g e -
indication method of > .lume balance.

- If the s p i l l w a y contains only manual components an iterative

search technique is used to calculate the volume balance.

In Hdition, when the sp'llway contains manual components, two

metK. s of gate o p e r a t i o r are a v a i l a b l e . The first is for the
user to o p e r a t e the gate s th ro u g h a m a tr ix d e s c r i b i n g g a te
p o s i t i o n s with respect 1 0 time, and the s e co nd is for the
program to calculate the _ >te operation.

When the gates are user controlled the program allows two methods
of d e s c r i b i n g gate o p e r a t i o n . The first m e t h o d s p e c i f i e s a
percentage gate opening for eatfi gat? at each time interval and
the se con d m e t h o d s p e c i f i e s the n um be r of gates ope n at a
p a r t i c u l a r time step end. The first m e t h o d is u s e f u l for a
s p i l l w a y c o n s i s t i n g of a few ver y large gates, or of d i f f e r e n t
sizes, which can be opened partially, while the second method is
more convenient if the spillway consists of a number of small er
identical gates which can either be open or closed.

W h e n t h e g a t e s a rc p r o g r a n c o n t r o l l e d gate o p e r a t i o n is
calculated, subject to user set constraints, in order to achieve
an "optimal" discharge curve. The program optimization routine
is d e s c r i b e d in C h a p t e r 2 of the m a i n report. D i r i n q the
optimization run partial gate openings are not allowed, i.e. The
gates are e i t h e r op en or close. The o p t i m i z a t i o n ro ut i n e car
• also only be run if all the gates are identical.

A.2.3 PRES block

P R E S forms a f r e e s t a n d i n g , s e pa ra t e p r o g r a m whic h p r e s e n t s the

results obtained from CALC. The pr^v’ * reads the r«»cults from
disk and then p r e s e n t s them on a or line printe'* as
required. In addition PRES calculatt rno prints a short summary
at the end of the re sul ts. The s umm ary lists the peak i n f l o w
rate, peak o u t f l o w rate, lag time and p e r c e n t a g e a t t e n u a t i o n
achieved.

A-8
 Appendix B

Data Coding For«s

 Appendix B

Arrangement of program input

This ap p e n d i x c o n t a i n s a set of data c o di ng forms to be u s ed in the

preparation of a new data set. The coding forms have oeen generalized to
a l l o w for all conditions. Items marked with an asterix are optional and
should only b° completed if they are relevant.

B-1
 fPATA COOING FOKMSl

I. TITLES TITLE I : Describes reservoir and its flood

status.
NAME OF NEW DATA FILE
TITLE 2 : Describes flood event.

TITLE I

TITLE 2

i-i-.l- L. l i
2. RESERVOIR BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
NUMBER / STORAGE - ELEVATION POINTS Mi l I
STORAGE CONVERSION FACTOR , SCF Mi l
STORACE ~ ELEVATION POINTS____________

£ LE\'AT 10 S (m) sri)RA GE (mJ xS F) 1 ’ AT ION (m) STORAGE (m’xSJF)

1 1
1 ’
2 ! ?:

3 _

4 J4
r
5 25

6 26

7 ;>7

8 !28
i
9 29

10 •)
JJ i ;|
I 1
12 . 17 <

13 i l

14 •
j 5
15 >
Ih 36

1/ 37

IH IH

39

20 40
FORM 1
 1. Box Culverts
2. Op.ee Crest
3. Automatically controlled weir
4. Manually controlled weir
'J. SPILLWAY DATA 5. Manua.lv controlled hip.h nressure outlet
6. Fuseplup,
7. User snillway

NUMBER OF SPILLWAY COMPONENTS Q

SPILLWAY o p t i o n s r e q u i r e d □ □ □ □ □ □ □

*3.1 OPTION [7 ]: BOX CULVERTS

NUMBER OF CULVERTS

CULVERT WIDTH HEIGHT INVERT Y\ su BME"CEn S JBMERGED

NO LEVEL I)! sc KARCE D ISCHARCE
(ra) (m) (m) FF r T C I K N T n K.FFICIFNT
i
1

... 2

3
4

5
1
6

. ±. ..

10

Ji
12

13

14

15

16

17

IS

19

20
* OPTIONAL FORM 2
 * OPTION □ OGEE CREST

LENGTH (m) nxm

INVERT LEVEL (m) n nn
DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT ij-ii i i: r

OPTION Q ] : AUToMAT I CALI.N < W

)NTROLL
TRO I.LFP U'E I R

M ’
MBI R OF GATES

WEIR DISCHARGE GATE GATF GATE W/ITER ELEV. W .n. a t

INVERT COEFFICIENT WIDTH HEIGHT TRAVEL A'I START FIJLL
i< (m) (m) (m) (ra) OPENING 01>r.NING
m)
illn)
i

/
■4

b
h |
7

H
9

10

11

1J

1<

1\

1')

1b

1/
IH

l l)

JO

» OPTIONAL FORM 3
* 3.4 OPTION [T] . MANUALLY CONTROLLED WEIR

NUMBER OF GATES

! GATE rfF.IR DISCHARGE SPILL GATE GATE GATE

No INVERT :OEFFICIENT COKFFI ClKNI WIDTH HEIGHT TRAVEL
(m) (m) (m) (m)
1

3
t-
4

!>

6
-- p—
7
»
8
L
9
-
r~ “
10
—
t1

12

13
—r-
14
'*1
15

16
,

17

18

•
19

20

OPERATION MODE (U/P)

* PROGRAM MOD •
DELAY TIME TO FI RST OPERATION (hours)
U T JTT
MAXIMUM NUMBEiv OF GATES OPERABLE AT ONE TIME
m
MAXIMUM DESIR/BLE OUTFLOW RATE (u»/s)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE OUTFLOW RATE INCREASE (mJ /s) TT'T I I I I I

*OPTIONAL

FORM 4
 1. % OPENING FOR EACH INDIVIDUAL CATE AT EACH STEP
2. NO. OF CATES OPEN AT EACH TIME STL*’
.

USER MODE

METHOD OF tISKR OPERATION

* [T] Z OPENING FOR EACH GATE / OUTLET \T VAf'H TIME STEP

* OPTIONAL
USER MODE

( 0 NO. OF CATES / OUTLETS OPEN AT EACH TIME STEP

TIME NO. Oh TIME NO. OF TIME NO. OF TIME N0. OF T [ME N0. OF
STEP CATES STEP CATES STEP CATES STEP C ATI:s STEP C AT r;s

1 21 41 61 81

2 22 42 62 82

3 23 43 63 83

4 24 44 64 84

5 25 45 65

6 2b 66 ...

7 27 47 67 87

3 48 68 88

9 29 49 89

m 30 50 90

11 31 11 7•

12 32 52

1) 53 73 93

14 34 54 74 94

15 35 55 75 95

16 36 56 76 96

17 37 57 77 97

18 38 58 78 98

' 39 59 79 jj

20 40 60 100
FORM 6

OPTIONAL
 3.5 OPTION [T] : MANUALLY CONTROLLED HIGH PRESSURE OUTI.ET

NUMBER OF OUTLETS

OUTLET OUTLET DISCHARGE OUTLET OUTLET

i NO INVERT COEFFICIENT WIDTH HEIGHT
(m) (m) (m)
1
1 1
2

8 .
1
9 L i
1
10

11 1

12

13

14

. .

16

17

'8

19

20

OPERATION MODE (U/P) O

PROGRAM MODE :

DELAY TIME TO FIRST OPERATION (hours) I.I I 1 I Li I I I

MAXIMUM NUMBER OF GATES OPERABLE AT ONE
TIME P T TXT M i l
MAXIMUM DESIRABLE OUTFLOW RATE (">*/s)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE OUTFLOW RATE INCREASE r1 1 1 1 1 1 1 m

(m1 /s)
OPTIONAL FORM 7
 * 3.6 OPTION [T] : FUSEPLUG

ELEVATION OF START OF WASH (m )

ELEVATION OF SPILLWAY CREST (in)

LENGTH OF SPILLWAY (m ) C

WEIR DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT

*3.7 OPTION [TJ : USKR SPILLWAY

NUMBER OF DISCHARGE-ELEVATION POINTS

POINT PO INI
; NO F.LEVATION (m) DISCHARCE(ra»/s) NO ELEVATION (m) DISCHARGEfm1 /s)

I 21

2 22

3 23

25

6 26

7 27

8
00
-1

9 29

10 JO

11 31

12 32

J 33

__Li 34

15 35

16 36

17 37

IH 38

19

-20— 40

* OPTIONAL FORM 8
4. FLOOD DATA
NUMBER OF INFLOW HYDROGRAPH POINTS I I 1 1 1

INPUT TIME STEP (HOURS) 1 1 1 I 1

INFLOW AT START OF SIMULATION < /s) I 11 1 1 j

PT PT PT INFLOW (m, / s )
INFLOW Cm*/s) INFLOW (m ’/s)
NO NO

1 21 41 1

2 22 42

3 23 4?

4 24 44

5 25 45

6 26 46

7 27 47

8 28 48

10 30 50

Ii 31 51

12 32 52

13 33 53

14 34 54

15 35 55

16 36 56

37 57

- 38 58

• 34 59

5. RESERVOIR FLOOD STATUS

WATER LEVEL IN RESERVOIR AT START (m ) CTTTTTT T T T I

WATER LEVEL REQUIRED AFTER FLOOD ('n>r ...............
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WATE1 LEVEL DURING ELOO ■m~r t i i i r n
(m)
ANALYSIS SENSITIVITY REQUIRED (m)

TIME AT START OF ANALYSIS (hours)

COMPUTATIONAL TIME STEP (hours)

NUMBER OF TIMESTEPS TO BE ANALYSED

FORM 9
 Appendix

Program Flow Charts

 Appendix C

Flow charts

This a p p en di x c o n t a i n s a logic f l o w chart for a ll thre e b l o c k s of the

program. The flow chart contains none of the equations or theory used in
the calculations. For a detailed description of the theory see Chapter 2
of the main report.

C-1
 FLOW CHART FOR
DATA PROGRAM BLOCK

INITIALIZE
)

PRINT OATA MENU

1 CREATE NEW DATA FILE
2 REVISE /VIEW EXISTING DATA FILE
B DELETE OLD DATA FILE
U DISPLAY DISC DIRECTORY
5 CHAIN TO CALC
6 CHAIN TO PRES
7 FINISH USING PROGR AM
 OBTAIN RESERVOIR
BASIN CHARACTERISTICS/

PRINT DATA
DATA CHECK POINTS IN ARF THESE
REQUIRED GROUPS OF 20 POINTS CORRE

^HAVE \
REVISE OATA ALL DATA
POINTS SELECTIVELY ‘
OINTS BEEN
^PRINTED/

ENTER SPILLWAY
CONFIGURATION

/ !S\
PRINT SELECTED ^SPILLWAY X
SPILLWAY CONFIGURATION CONFIGURATION
. CORRECT ^

lYES

SELECTIVELY ENTER DATA FOR:

1 BOX CULVERTS V MANUALLY CONTROLLED HIGH
2 FREE UVERFLOW WEIR PRESSURE OUTLET
5 FUSE PLUG
3 AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLED
WEIR 6 USER SPILLWAY
Author Furstenburg Leon
Name o f thesis Optimum Reservoir Operation During Floods. 1985

PUBLISHER:
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
©2013

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