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Just wage is defined as that remuneration which is enough to support the wage-earner in reasonable and frugal comfort. Catholic Church teaches us
that a "Just wage is legitimate fruit of labor" the teachings of Catholic Church.
RERUM NOVARUM NO. 46 - command of Pope Leo XIII also known as "Capital Labor". One of the most impassioned treatises written by a Pope
on the sacredness of work and the dignity of the working person.
QUARDRAGESIMO ANNO NO. 71 - (Pope Pius XI) An encyclical that advocated the minimum wage. Pope Pius XI introduce Profit sharing and
giving workers a say in a company's management. Pope Pius XII develop the concept of family wage as one sufficient wage for a single wage-earner
to support his family
MATER ET MAGISTRA - Pope John XXIII and Paul VI advanced the church's teachings on economic justice. Pope John XXIII called on
governments to reign in business abuses and to press full employment policies. It also focused the world's attention to the worldwide problem of the
widening gap between the rich and the poor, the arms race and the plight of the farmers.
LABOREM EXERCENS (Pope John Paul II; Human Work) - An encyclical letter that discussed the modern perspectives and problems of human
work and the duties of the members of the church towards it. Pope John Paul II offered a detailed assessment of constitutes just compensation,
declaring that workers have "fundamental rights" to health-care insurance, suitable working conditions and rest periods. Pope also argued that
wages should be sufficient so that women with children aren't forced to worked so that "it should be possible for a mother to devote herself entirely to
her children.
CENTESIMUS ANNUS (John Paul II) - On the 100th anniversary of Rerum Novarum on Mary 1, 1991, Pope John II stated that "society and state
must ensure wages levels adequate for the maintenance if the worker and his family, including a certain amount of savings". The issue of just wage
has also been discussed by other agencies.
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS - "The right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable conditions of work, and
to protection against unemployment and the right to equal pay for equal work".
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS - "The Right to fair wages and equal remuneration for equal
value"
THE INTERNATIONAL LABOR OFFICE CONVENTION HAS ADOPTED ILO CONVENTIONS NO. 100 - "Equal Pay for men and women workers"
PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION AND REPUBLIC ACT 6727 - The wage Rationalization Act declared that policy of the state to rationalize the fixing of
minimum wages and promote productivity-improvement and gin-sharing scheme to ensure a decent standard of living for the workers and their
families.
Bribery is a white collar crime in which money, a favor or something else of value is promised to, given to, or taken from
an individual or corporation in an attempt to sway his or its views, opinions, or decisions. For example, if an electoral
candidate offered bottles of liquor in exchange for votes, it would be considered a bribe, and therefore, a crime. Bribery
and other kinds of financial rebates, or “kickbacks,” occur in business and public domains. Public servants, owners or
managers of commercial enterprises, and bankers face bribery charges. If convicted of bribery, the offender faces
significant financial penalties and incarceration.
Referees found guilty of receiving or accepting bribes may face significant fines and up to five years in prison.
1) Bribery and Kickbacks
Bribery involves the transfer of money or favors in exchange for some form of beneficial decision or treatment. Paying a
public official for a decision or vote is one obvious example of public corruption. Bribery has many nuances, however, so
bribery and kickback laws are regularly updated by state and federal officials.
3) Bribery of or by a Witness
Offering a bribe to a public official is punishable by up to two years in prison. Similarly, any witness that accepts, receives
or demands a bribe in exchange for providing altered testimony can be fined up to three times the amount of the bribe
and a prison sentence of up to 15 years.
5) Banking Bribery
The solicitation of a banking official is prohibited by the Bank Bribery Amendments Act of 1985. Even the acceptance of
meals or entertainment is outlawed. Acceptance of any bribe in excess of $1,000 by a banking official will result in a fine
of three times the bribe that was received and up to 30 years in prison. Banking officials are also required to report all
attempted bribes.
6) Sporting Bribes
It is illegal for a sporting official to accept a bribe in exchange for influencing the outcome of a sporting event. A referee
found guilty of receiving a bribe can be fined and sentenced to prison for as many as five years.