Menoufia University Year: Second Year

Faculty of Engineering Department: Electrical Engineering

Shebin El-Kom Course Code: MPE 227A
Academic Year: 2017-2018 Course Title: Elective Course (1)
[Heat Engines]

Sheet #7
Steam Properties and Steam Processes
1. Determine the properties of steam in the following cases:
i. Dry saturated steam at 5 bar.
ii. Saturated water at 1 bar.
iii. Dry saturated steam at 240 C.
iv. Dry saturated steam at 101.4 bar.
v. Wet steam at 3 bar and 0.8 dryness.
vi. Wet steam at 310.5 C and 0.75 dryness.
vii. Superheated steam at 1.5 bar and 200 C.
viii. Superheated steam at 6 bar and enthalpy 3010 kJ/kg.

2. Complete the following tables for water:

T (ºC) P (kPa) V (m3/kg) Phase description
50 4.16
200 Saturated vapor
250 400
110 600

T (ºC) P (kPa) h (kJ/kg) X Phase description

200 0.7
140 1800
950 0.0
80 500
800 3161.7

3. A rigid vessel having a volume of 0.55 m3 is filled with steam at 7 bar and 260 ºC. Heat is
transferred from the steam until it exists at saturated vapor. Calculate the final pressure and
temperature.

4. A rigid tank with a volume of 3.5 m3 contains 7.5 kg of saturated liquid-vapor mixture of water
at 65 ºC. Now the water is slowly heated. Determine the temperature at which the liquid in the
tank is completely vaporized. Also, show the process on a T-v diagram with respect the
saturation lines.

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5. A cylinder is fitted with a piston contains 1.5 kg of dry saturated at a pressure of 7 bar. The
steam is heated until the temperature is 260 ºC. During this process, the pressure remains
constant. Calculate the work done, heat transfer and change in entropy of the steam.

6. Water is boiled at 100 °C electrically by a 3 kW resistance wire. Determine the rate of

evaporation of water.

7. Saturated steam at 1 atm condenses on a vertical plate that is maintained at 90 °C by circulating

cooling water through the other side. If the rate of heat transfer by condensation to the plate is
180 kJ/s, determine the rate at which the condensate drips off the plate at the bottom.

8. A piston-cylinder device contains 0.1 m3 of liquid water and 0.9 m3 of water vapor in
equilibrium at 800 kPa. Heat is transferred at constant pressure until the temperature reaches
350 ºC.
a) What is the initial temperature of the water?
b) Determine the total mass of the water,
c) Calculate the final volume, and
d) Show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to saturation line.

9. A piston-cylinder device contains 50 kg of water at 150 kPa and 25 ºC as Fig. (1). The cross-
section area of the piston is 0.1 m2. Heat is now transferred to the water, causing part of it to
evaporate and expand. When the volume reaches 0.2 m3, the piston reaches a linear spring
whose spring constant is 100 kN/m. More heat is transferred to the water until the piston rises
20 cm more. Determine:
a) The final pressure and temperature, and
b) The work done during this process. Also, show the process on a P-V
diagram.

Fig.(1)

10. A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.5 m3 of saturated water vapor at 200 kPa. At this
state, the piston is resting on a set of stops, and the mass of the piston is such that a pressure of
300 kPa is required to move it. Heat is now slowly transferred to the steam until the volume
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 doubles. Show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to saturation lines and determine (a)
the final temperature, (b) the work done during this process, and the total heat transfer.

11. An insulated piston–cylinder device contains 5 L of saturated liquid water at a constant pressure
of 175 kPa. Water is stirred by a paddle wheel while a current of 8 A flows for 45 min through
a resistor placed in the water. If one-half of the liquid is evaporated during this constant
pressure process and the paddle-wheel work amounts to 400 kJ, determine the voltage of the
source. Also, show the process on a P-v diagram with respect to saturation lines.

12. Two tanks (Tank A and Tank B) are separated by a partition. Initially Tank A contains 2 kg

steam at 1 MPa and 300 °C while Tank B contains 3 kg saturated liquid–vapor mixture with a
vapor mass fraction of 50 percent at 150 °C. Now the partition is removed and the two sides are
allowed to mix until the mechanical and thermal equilibrium are established. If the pressure at
the final state is 300 kPa, determine:
a) The temperature and quality of the steam (if mixture) at the final state,
and
b) The amount of heat lost from the tanks.

13. A rigid tank is divided into two equal parts by a partition. One part of the tank contains 1.5 kg
of compressed liquid water at 300 kPa and 60 °C while the other part is evacuated. The partition
is now removed, and the water expands to fill the entire tank. Determine the entropy change of
water during this process, if the final pressure in the tank is 15 kPa.

14. A superheated water vapor is throttled from 8 MPa and 500 C to 6 MPa. Determine the final
temperature of steam.

15. Steam at 5 MPa and 500 C enters a nozzle steadily with a velocity of 80 m/s, and it leaves at 2
MPa and 400 C. The inlet area of the nozzle is 50 cm2, and heat is being lost at a rate of 90
kJ/s. Determine:
a) The mass flow rate of the steam,
b) The exit velocity of the steam, and
c) The exit area of the nozzle.

16. Steam flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine. The inlet conditions of the steam are 10
MPa, 450 C, and 80 m/s, and the exit conditions are 10 kPa, 90 percent quality, and 50 m/s.
The mass flow rate of the steam is 12 kg/s. Determine:
a) The change in kinetic energy,
b) The power output and
c) The turbine inlet area.
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 17. In a certain industrial process it is necessary to compress 250 kg/h of steam from an initial state
of 1.2 bar and 110 C to a pressure of 5 bar and 240 C. Heat transfer from the compressor is 25
kW. The kinetic and potential energy changes may be neglected. Find the power required to
derive the compressor.

18. Liquid water at 300 kPa and 20 C is heated in a chamber by mixing with superheated steam at
300 kPa and 300 C. Cold water enters the chamber at a rate of 1.8 kg/s. If the mixture leaves
the mixing chamber at 60 C, determine the mass flow rate of the superheated steam required.

19. 150 kg/h of steam at 7 bar and 320 C are mixed with water at 7 bar and 27 C in a steady flow
adiabatic process. Calculate the rate of water flow if the mixture leaves as dry steam at 6.5 bar.

20. 8 kg of steam at 6 bar and 220 C expands in a steam turbine to 1.8 bar then the steam is cooled
in a closed vessel till the pressure become 0.5 bar. Determine:
a) The amount of heat added or rejected,
b) The work done, and
c) The final condition of steam.

21. Wet steam at 50 bar and 85% dryness passes through the following processes:
i) Removing steam humidity by expansion to 5 bar, both isothermally.
ii) Heat rejection at constant pressure to the original dryness fraction.
Find the change in internal energy and work done for the processes.

22. 5 kg of steam at pressure of 100 bar and a temperature of 440 ºC is throttled until the pressure
becomes 20 bar. Then 3200 kJ of heat is rejected from steam at constant pressure. The steam
then expands in steam turbine to 1 bar. Find the steam final conditions and calculate the work
done for each process.