S O L U T I O N S

SAMPLE
QUESTION PAPER - 8
Self Assessment__________________________________
CHEMISTRY Oswaal CBSE Class -11, Examination Sample Question Paper

Time : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 90

1. R = 8.314 Joule kg–1 K–1. 1

2. The given radiations in increasing order of frequency cosmic rays <X-rays <amber colour
<microwave <FM radio. 1
12
3. 1 atom of C12 weighs =
6.023 × 1023 g
= 1.99265 × 10–23 g 1
4. Oceans which dissolve it and plants which use it for photosynthesis. 1
n(n – 1) 6(6 – 1)
5. Maximum number of emission lines = = = 15 1
2 2

6.
Element Percentage Atomic maas Relative number simple ratio
of atoms of atoms
K 31.84 39 31.84 0.816
= 0.816 =1
39 0.814
Cl 28.98 35.5 28.98 0.814
= 0.814 =1
35.5 0.814
O 39.18 16 39.18 2.449
= 2.449 =3
16 0.814

Empirical formula = KClO3 2

7. Since x-axis, is being considered as the internuclear axis, and y-axis is perpendicular to
x-axis, therefore 2py and 2py atomic orbitals can overlap only sidewise. 2
Snice overlapping of p-orbitals sidewise results in the formation of pi (p) bond, therefore 2py
and 2py will not form a sigma bond.
8. As we move down the group atomic size increases.
1
We know I.E. ∝ , hence it is expected that on moving down the group I.E.
Atomic size

should decrease. 1
The deviation is due to weak screening or shielding effect of d-orbital due to which atomic
size decreases and Ionisation energy increases. 1
 Solutions | 15

OR
(a) Gain of electron : When a neutral atom gains one electron to form an anion, its radius
increases. ½
The reason being that the number of electrons in the anion increases while its nuclear charge
remains the same as the parent atom. ½
(b) Loss of electrons : When a neutral atom loses one electron to form a cation, its atomic radius
decreases. ½
Reason being that the number of electrons in the cation decreases while its nuclear charge
remains the same as the parent atom. ½
9. 2 SO2(g) + O2(g)  2SO3(g)
[SO3 ]2 (1.9)2
KC = = = 12.229 mol/L 2
[SO2 ]2 [O2 ] (0.60)2 (0.82)

The process of producing ‘syn-gas’ from coal is called ‘coal gasification’. The mixture of CO and H2
10.
is called syngas.
1270K
C(s) + H2O(g) → CO(g) + H2(g) 1

The production of dihydrogen can be increased by reacting CO of syngas mixtures with steam in the

presence of iron chromate as catalyst.
673K
CO(g) + H2O(g)  Catalyst
→ CO2(g) + H2(g)


This reaction is called as water-gas shift reaction.
Carbon dioxide is removed by scrubbing it with a
solution of sodium arsenite. 1
11. (i) 1 mole of Argon (Ar) contain 6.023 × 1023 atoms
52 moles of Ar contains 6.023 × 1023 × 52 atoms
= 3.13 × 1025 atoms 1
(ii) 4 u of Helium (He) = 1 atom of He
1
52 u of He = × 52 = 13 atoms 1
4
(iii) 4 g of He contains = 6.023 × 1023 atoms
6.023 × 1023 × 52

52 g of He contains = = 78.299 × 1023 atoms 1
4
12. (i) Two important uses of caustic soda :
(a) It is used in paper, soap, rayon and textile industries. 1
(b) It is used in refining of petroleum.
(ii) Two important uses of sodium carbonate :
(a) It is used in manufacturing of glass, borax and caustic soda. 1
(b) It is used in water softening, laundering and cleaning.
(iii) Two important uses of limestone :
(a) It is used as building material and road aggregate. 1
(b) It is used in the manufacturing of quiklime.
13 ∆
13. (i) C4H10(g) + O2 ( g )  → 4CO2(g) + 5H2O(g) 1
2
Butane

15 ∆
(ii) C5H10(g) + O2 ( g )  → 5CO2(g) + 5H2O(g) 1
Pentene 2

17 ∆
(iii) C6H10(g) = O2 ( g )  → 6CO2(g) = 5H2O(g) 1
2
Hexyne

16 | OSWAAL CBSE, Sample Question Papers Chemistry, Class – 11

14. 2–
Cl O
H2S = S SiCl4 = Si 2– C
CO3 =
H H
Cl Cl Cl O O
1+1+1
2– 2 –

15. The average O.N. of S in S 2 O3 is + 2 while in S 4 O6 it is + 2.5. The O.N. of S in SO2–
4
is +6. Since
Br2 is a stronger oxidation agent than I2 , it oxidizes S of S 2 O23 – to a higher oxidation state of +6 and
hence forms SO2– 2–
4 ion. I2, however, being a weaker oxidizing agent oxidizes S of S 2 O3 ion to a

lower oxidation of +2.5 in S 4 O26 – ion. It is because of this reason that thiosulphate reacts differently
with Br2 and I2. 3
16. T1 = 27 + 273 = 300 K
T2 = 477 + 273 = 750 K 1
By Charle’s Law,
V1 V
= 2
T1 T2
1
V1 300 2
or = = or V2 = 2.5 V
V2 750 5


Volume of air expelled = 2.5 V–V = 1.5 V 1
1.5 3
Fraction of air expelled = = = 0·6.
2.5 5
17. (a) 5-chloro, 3-ethyl pent-2en-1-ol. 1
– –
(b) O2N—CH2—CHO is expected to be more stable than CH3—CH2O .
In O2N—CH2—CH2O–, due to the –I effect exerted by –NO2 group, there occurs a dispersal of
the negative charge, wheras in CH3—CH2O– due to +I effect exerted by CH3, there occurs an
intensification of the negative charge. Dispersal of the charge leads to more stability of the ion.
2
O H H
Zn/H2O
18. (i) CH3CH = CH2 + O3 CH3—CH CH2 CH3—C = O + H—C = O
– ZnO
Ethanol Methanol
O O 1
95%H 2 SO 4
(ii) CH3CH2OH CH2=CH2 + H2O
1 433 – 443K
Ethanol Ethene

OH

1
(iii) + Zn + ZnO

Benzene
19. Pesticides : (i) They are basically synthetic toxic chemicals with ecological repercussion.
(ii) Earlier DDT was used to control insect borne diseases in crops later, as insect resistance of DDT
was increased other organic toxins such as Aldrin and Dieldrin were used as pesticides. 1½
Herbicides : (i) These are sodium chlorate and sodium arsenite.
(ii) Most are toxic to mammals but are not as persistent as organo chlorides. 1½
(iii) These chemicals decompose in few months.
(iv) Some herbicides cause birth defects.
 Solutions | 17

20. (a) Dipole moment may be defined as a product of charge and distance between two opposite
charges. 1
+q r –q
 = qr
(b) Because of electronegativity difference between B and Cl. B-Cl has a dipole moment. However,
the overall dipole moment of a compound depends on its geometry. BCl3 is planar molecule in
which the three B-Cl bonds are situated at an angle or 120°. 2
Therefore, the resultant of two B-Cl bond gets cancelled by equal and opposite dipole moment
of the third B-Cl bond. Hence, B-Cl3 molecule has in zero dipole moment.
Cl
Cl B 120° Resultant
Cl
=0
OR
The important features of Maxwell's distribution of velocities are :
(i) The fraction of molecules with very low or high velocities is very small. 1
(ii) The fraction of molecules processing higher velocities goes increasing till it reaches the peak
and further it starts decreasing. 1
(iii) The maximum fraction of molecules possesses a velocity, corresponding to the peak in the
curve. This velocity is referred to as most probable velocity. 1
21. (a) For n, the values of l are 0, 1, ......... (n – 1)
∴ For n = 5 ; the values of l are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
For l = 4, g subshell can exist. Hence, lowest value of n = 5 1
(b) When n = 3, l = 2 (Since it is in 3d subshell)
ml = – 2, – 1, 0, + 1, + 2 1
(c) Pauli Exclusion Principle 1
10 × 68 10
22. Normality of 10 volumes of H2O2 = = N 1
22.4 × 17 5.6
Applying normality equation N1V1 = N2V2

(H2O2) (KMnO4)
10
× V1 = 2 × 200 1
5.6
V1 = 224 cm3 1
23. (a) The following assumptions are made in the derivation of the gas equation :
(i) there is no force of attraction between the molecules of the gas.
(ii) Actual volume of the gas mdecules is negligible compared to the volume of the gas. These
conditions are not always satisfied, hence, PV is not alwyas equal to KT. 2
(b) Equation for a real gas for n mole is
 an2 
 p + 2  (V – nb) = nRT where, a and b are van der Waal's constants. 1½
 V 

(c) Jyoti is helping, caring and intellectually smart. ½
24. (a) Saytzeff rule : Whenever two alkanes are theoretically possible during a dehydro halogenation
reaction, it is always the more highly substituted alkene which predominates.
Br
alc. KOH
CH3—CH2—CH—CH3 CH3—CH = CH—CH3 + CH3—CH2—CH = CH2 2
2-Bromobutane But-2-ene (80%) But-1-ene (20%)
(More highly substituted (Less highly substituted
alkane : more stable) alkane : less stable)
18 | OSWAAL CBSE, Sample Question Papers Chemistry, Class – 11

CH3 CH3 CH3

(b)
CH2 = C—CH2—CH3 CH3—C = CH—CH3 CH3—CH—CH = CH2 3
2-Methyl but-1-ene 2-Methyl but-2-ene 2-Methyl but-1-ene
OR
(a) (i) Chlorobenzene > p-nitrochlorobenzene > 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene.
(ii) Toluene > Para—CH3—C6H4—NO2 > Para—O2N—C6H4—NO2 1+1
CH3 NO2

NO2 NO2
(b) Nitration of benzene is an electrophilic substitution reaction
NO2
H2SO4
+ HNO3 + H2O

NO2+ (nitronium) ion is attacking electrophile. In toluene, one H of the ring is substituted

by – CH3 group which is an electron releasing group and makes the electrons more readily
available to electrophile, whereas in m-nitrobenzene, the Two –NO2 group which are electron
withdrawing in nature makes the availability of electrons of ring difficult to the electrophile. 3
That is why nitration of toluene easier than others.
25. (a) Hydrolysis of alkyl trichlorosilanes gives cross-linked silicones.
R R
– 3HCl
Cl—Si—Cl + 3H2O HO—Si—OH 1

Cl OH
R R O.....

R .....O—Si—O—Si—O—Si—R
Polymerization
n OH—Si—OH O O O 1
– (n – 1)H2O
OH .....O—Si—O—Si—O—Si—R

R R O.....
(b) CO2 is produced during combustion reactions. It is released into the atmosphere. However, if
the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere increases beyond a certain limit due to excessive
combustion, some CO2 will always remain unutilized, The excess CO2 absorbs heat radiated by
the earth. Some of it is dissipated into the atmosphere while the remaining part is redirected
back towards earth's surface which heat up the atmosphere. As a result, temperature of the
earth and other bodies on the earth increases. This is called as green house effect. But when this
greenhouse effect causes a large rise in temperature of the Earth, it is called global warming. It
has serious consequences. 3
OR
2
(a) BF3 is a planar molecule in which B is sp hybridized.It has an empty 2p-orbital. F-atom has three
lone pairs of electrons in the 2p-orbitals. Because of similar sizes, pp – pp back bonding occurs
in which a lone pair of electrons is transferred from F to B. As a result of this back bonding, B–F
bond acquires some double bond character. In contrast, in [BF4]– ion, B is sp hybridized and
hence does not have an empty p-orbital available to accept the electons donated by the F atom.
 Solutions | 19

Consequently, in [BF4]–, B–F is a purely single bond. Since double bonds are shorter than single
bonds, therefore, the B–F bond length in BF3 is shorter (130 pm) than B–F bond length (143 pm)
in [BF4]–. 2

F
B F
F

(b) Structure of diborane : In diborane, the four terminal hydrogen atoms and the two boron atoms
lie in one plane. Above and below this plane, there are two bridging hydrogen atoms. The four
terminal B–H bonds are regular bonds while the two bridge (B—H—B) bonds are different and
known as banana bonds (3-centre-2-electron bridge bonds).
H
H B

97° 120°
B B
119 pm H
134 pm
H
H
1½
Structure of boric acid : Boric acid has a layer structure in which H3BO3 units are joined by
hydrogen bonds.
Carbon H
bond

H B

Hydrogen O O
bond H H
O O
1½
H B H H
O O
O
H H H B
B
O O O
O
H H
26. (i) The free energy change of a reaction is given DG = DH – TDS For a reaction to be spontaneous,
DG should be –ve 1
Such reactions are therefore, called entropy driven. This can happen in either of the following
Two ways :
(a) DS should be so large that even it T is low, TDS should be greater than DH. 1
(b) If DS is small, T should be so large that TDS > DH. 1
(ii) In an ideal gas, there are no intermolecular forces of attraction. Hence, no energy is required
to overcome these forces. Moreover, when a gas expands against vacuum, work done is
zero (because Pext = 0). Hence, internal energy of the system does not change, i.e., there is no
absorption or evolution of heat. 2
OR
(i) (a) Exothermic reactions are generally thermodynamically spontaneous because even if it is
accompanied by decrease randomness (e.g., in the condensation of a gas or solidification
of a liquid), the heat released is absorbed by the surroundings so that the entropy of the
surroundings increases to such an extent that DStotal is positive. 1
20 | OSWAAL CBSE, Sample Question Papers Chemistry, Class – 11

(b) The molecules in the vapour state have greater freedom of movement and hence greater
randomness than those in the liquid state. Hence, entropy increases in going from liquid to
vapour state. 2
(ii) A substance has a perfectly ordered arrangement of its constituent particles only at absolute
zero. Hence, entropy is zero only at absolute zero. Enthalpy of formations is the heat change
involved in the formation of one mole of the substance from its element. An element formed
from itself means no heat change, i.e., DH0 = 0. 2
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