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CHAPTERS
platinum under a pressure of 1.013 × 105 ∴ 1 light year = 1ly = 9.467 × 1015m
The two supplementary SI units are defined mean distance of the earth from the sum.
Radian of planets.
It is the SI unit of plane angle. It is defined as 1 astronomical unit = 1AU = 1.496 × 1011m
the plane angle subtended at the centre of a Parsec (Parallactic Second): It is the
circle by an arc equal in length to the radius largest practical unit of distance used in
The physical quantity that is expressed in dimension formula of force is MLT-2. The two
terms of different dimension powers of base versions given below are equivalent:
quantity now can be written by using the (a) The dimension formula of force is MLT-2.
respective symbol of base quantity, along (b) The dimensions of force are 1 in mass, 1
with enclosing outer square brackets. Such in length and -2 in time.
an expression for a physical quantity is called
formula of that derived quantity. Thus, the
Mechanical Quantities
1. Area length × breadth L×L=L2=[M0L2T0] m2
2. Volume length × breadth × height L×L×L =L3=[M0L3T0] m3
mass
3. Density M
= [ML-3T0] kgm-3
volume L3
quantities. If one knows the quantities on Although dimensional analysis is very useful
and if one guesses that this dependence is lead us too far. First of all, we have to know
of product type, method of dimension may the quantities on which a particular physical
be helpful in the derivation of the relation. quantity depends. Even then the method
derive the expression for the time period of product type. For example, the distance
under the action of the force of gravity. depends on the initial velocity 𝑢, the
Thus, the time period may depend on the acceleration 𝑎 and the time 𝑡. But the
length of the string, the mass of the bob and method of dimensions cannot lead us to
the acceleration due to gravity. We assume correct expression for 𝑠 because the
that the dependence of time period on these expression is not of product type. It is equal
Since the dimensions on both sides must be (1.3). One has to know from somewhere else