PROJECT REPORT

ON
L-BEAMS

Submitted To:- Submitted By:-

Dr.HS Rai Jagmeet Singh Sidhu
HOD Civil Depertment D3Ce,6040.
 L - Beams
The end beams which have slabs on one side only,acts as L-beams.
In most of the reinforced concrete structures,concrete slabs are cast
monolithic. In a floor consisting of several beams cast monolithically with
the slab,the intermediate beams act as T-beams whereas the beams at
top of the corners of the walls or beams around the staircase or lift
openings are called L-beams.Thus,T-beams and L-beams forms a part
of the floor system together with slab. L-beams are typical floor beams
because of the reduced overall structural depth,the beams are in
prestressed or reinforced concrete.
Analysis of Flanged Section

Slab acts as a top

flange to the beam. T-
beams and Inverted L
Beams are shown.
Type of stress in L-beams:-

In bending the beams take tension forces and slabs takes

compression forces. Since the L-beams receive their loads from one side
only,they are subjected to considerable amount of torsional
moments.So L-beams are subjected to bending moment,shear force
and torsional moment.
Combination of T and L-beams
Moment carried by flange of L-beams.
The moment M1 causes
torsion in the beam and is
known as the torsion
moment which is restricted
by the rectangular portion
only and the flange does
not contribute to torsional
moment of resistance.
Moment carried by flange of L-beams and
the slab.
The central load W
causes bending
moment in the beam
which is joined
restricted by the
rectangular portion
of the beam as well
as the flange.
Changes in floor level may be accommodated by either an L-
beam or by building up one side of an inverted T-beam, as
shown in the figure.
Code recommends that effective width of the
flange of beams may be taken as follows:-
1. For L-beams,lesser of:-
[a] bf = lo/12 + bw + 3Df
[b] bf = X1 + bw

2. For Isolated L-beams,lessor of:-

[a] bf = 0.5lo/(lo+b)+4 + bw
[b] bf = b

Where,bf = effective width of flange

bw = breath of rib or web
b = actual width of flange
lo = distance between points of zero moment in abeam.
X1 and X2 = half of clear distance between two adjacent beams.
 The design principles to be followed
while designing L-beam.
Given:-
1. Type of mix
2. Thickness of slab
3. Bending and shear force

Step-1:- Determine width of flange bf.

Step-2:- Fix up a suitable depth arbitery.
Step-3:- Calculate moment of resistance of the section assuming
the failure of concrete to occur.If the moment of resistance
is greater than bending moment assumed depth is
ok,otherwise either increase the depth of the section or
provide additional reinforcement in compression side in
addition to the tension side.
Step 4:- Calculate the amount of tension steel for actual bending
moment treating it as a balanced section.
Step 5:- Check for the shear and provide shear reinforcement.
Step 6:- Check of Deflection.
Step 7:- Check for end anchoring and development length.
THANK YOU.