ANSWERING QUESTION

1. Write down the mechanism of the reaction of formation of n-butyl acetate!

CH3-COOH + CH3(CH2)3OH CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3 + H2O

2. Includes the reaction of the above reaction?

The esterification reaction is a reaction derived from the formation of an alcohol (-OH)
and a carboxylic acid (-COOH) producing ester (-COO) which is a reversible reaction.

3. What is the function of sulfuric acid, and can the sulfuric acid be replaced by other acids?
Explain!
As a catalyst to decrease the activation energy so a faster reaction equilibrium occurs. It
may be provided that the catalyst is prepared from strong acids such as hydrochloric acid
(HCL)

4. Explain the function of adding saturated NaHCO3 solution and anhydrous MgSO4!
• The function of NaHCO3 is to bind excessive reconstitution and neutralize the acidic
solution remaining in the organic phase.
• The MgSO4 function is to bind or remove any water left in the ester.

5. Mention other chemicals that can be used instead of MgSO4!

CaSO4. XH2O, CaCl2. X H2O, or NaSO4. XH2O

 ATTACHMENT
CALCULATION

1. Calculation the concentration o H2SO4 98%

Known

𝑔
𝜌 = 1,84 𝑐𝑚3

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 = 98

𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 98%

Asking : Concentration of H2SO4

10 × 𝜌 × %
𝑀 = 𝑀𝑟

10 × 1,84 × 98
𝑀 = 98

𝑀 = 18,4

2. Calculate percentage of rendement

Known :
Mass of rendement = 5,6 gram
𝜌𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 = 1,05 𝑔𝑟/𝑐𝑚3

𝜌𝐶4 𝐻5 𝑂𝐻 = 0,81 𝑔𝑟/𝑐𝑚3

Mr CH3COOH = 60
Mr C4H5OH = 74
V CH3COOH = 30 cm3
V C4H5OH = 10 cm3
Asking :
% rendement

Answer :
Mass of CH3COOH = 𝜌𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻 × 𝑉𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻
𝑔𝑟
= 1,05 𝑐𝑚3 × 30 cm3

= 31,5 gr
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝐻3 𝐶𝑂𝑂𝐻
Mole of CH3COOH = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
31,5𝑔𝑟
= = 0,525 mole
60

Mass of C4H5OH = 𝜌𝐶4 𝐻5 𝑂𝐻 × 𝑉𝐶4 𝐻5 𝑂𝐻

𝑔𝑟
= 0,81 𝑐𝑚3 × 10 cm3

= 8,1 gr

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐶4 𝐻5 𝑂𝐻
Mole of C4H5OH = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
8,1𝑔𝑟
= = 0,1094 mole
74

C4H5OH (aq) + CH3COOH (aq)  C4H10COH3 (aq) + H2O(l)

M 0,1094 mole 0,525 mole - -
R 0,1094 mole 0,1094 mole 0,1094 mole 0,1094 mole
S - 0,4156 mole 0,1094 mole 0,1094 mole

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐶4 𝐻10 𝐶𝑂𝐻3

Mole of C4H10COH3 = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐶4 𝐻10 𝐶𝑂𝐻3
0,1094 = 116

Mass of C4H10COH3 = 12,697 gr

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
% Rendement = × 100%
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒
5,6 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
= × 100%
12,697 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚

= 44,1 %
 ATTACHMENT

No. Photo Explanation

1.

Prepare the equipment and materials of

this experiment

2.

Put 10 mL of n-butanol to graduated

cylinder and move it to round bottom flask
3.

Add one boiling stone into round bottom

flask and then add 3 drops of sulfuric acid
concentrated into it.
The solution still colorless.

4.

Add 30 mL of glacial acetic acid into round

bottom flask.
5.

Install the reflux cooling circuit, and heated the

mixed solution to a temperature of 90-100 ° C
for 2 hours

6.

After heating process about 2 hours, let

solution until the temperature is down
7.

The result after heating process using reflux

is blackish yellow solution

8.

Move the solution into separating funnel and

add 30 mL of water
9.

Shaking the separating funnel, wait until the

solution become 2 layer

Lower layer = colorless

Upper layer = yellow

10.

Remove lower layer (water) from separating

funnel and put into Erlenmeyer

The solution in separating funnel only ester

(yellow solution)
11. Add 25 mL water into ester solution in
separating funnel and add 7 mL saturated
NaHCO3

Shaken the separating funnel and wait until

forming 2 layer.

12. The solution separate into 2 layer again

Lower layer = colorless
Upper layer = yellow

Remove lower layer (water) from separating

funnel and put into Erlenmeyer
13. 5 gram of Na2SO4 oven it for a while until
the water content in that powder is loss

14. Add 5 gram anhydrous Na2SO4 into ester

solution
15. After stirring evenly, separated by Na2SO4
decantation process

16. Calculate the mass of ester (n-butyl acetate)