Industrial Psychology

Introduction

Fathurohman, ST, MM – STT Karawang, 2016

OUTLINE

About Psychology

Basic Concept of
Industrial Psychology

Scope of Industrial
Psychology
Learning Outcome

 Define Psychology
 Describe the various fields and subfields
of psychology
 Describe the origins of psychology and
identify those who made significant
contributions to the field.
Learning Outcome

 Define Industrial Psychology

 Describe the scope and framework of
Industrial Psychology
Myth or Fact?

 Most people use only about 10% of their

brain capacity
 In general, it’s better to express anger
that to hold it in.
 The lie detector (polygraph) test is 90-95
% accurate at detecting falsehoods.
True or Fiction?

 People tend to be romantically attracted

to individuals who are opposite to them in
personality and attitude
 The main factor of weak mentality
problem is low self-esteem.
 Hypnosis is special condition unconscious
mind
Copyright: Dewi Hardiningtyas
Copyright: Dewi Hardiningtyas
PSYCHOLOGY AS A SCIENCE
What is Psychology?

 Psychology is the scientific study of

behavior and mental processes
 Psychology is an Empirical Science:
Psychological science relies on empirical
evidence as a way of knowing about how
we think, feel, and behave
Theory is...

 a general set of principles proposed to

explain how a number of separate facts
are related
 A theory allows you to
 propose reasons for relationships
 derive explanations
 make predictions
Goals of Psychology

 Psychology seeks to
 describe

 explain

 predict, and
 influence behavior and mental
processes
What Psychologist Do?
What Psychologist Do?

 Research
 Pure research, or basic
 Applied research
 Practice (clinical, counseling)
 Teaching
Fields of Psychology

 Clinical  Experimental
 Counseling  Industrial
 School  Organizational
 Educational  Human Factors
 Developmental  Consumer
 Personality  Health
 Social  Sport
 Environmental  Forensic
Where Psychology Comes
From: A History
1. Ancient Contributors to
Psychology
 Greek- Aristotle & Plato; Hippocrates,
 Roman- Galen
 Socrates
 Introspection
 China- Confucius (551-479)
 Muslim scholars
- Al Kindi (801-866)
Alquwwah alaqliyah, alquwwah asy syahwaniyyah, alquwwah al ghadlabiyyah

- Al- Tabari (838-870)

Pioneer ilmu kesehatan anak dan bidang pertumbuhan anak
2. Psychology as Laboratory
Science
 John Stuart Mill
-- A System of Logic
(1843)
 Wilhelm Wundt –
founded modern
experimental
psychology
 First psychology
laboratory (1879)
3. Experimantal psychology
begins with Structuralism
 Edward Titchener, Wundt’s student
 Structuralism breaks conscious
experiences into
 objective sensations (sight or taste),
and
 subjectivefeelings (emotions,
memories, dreams)
 Mind functions by combining objective
and subjective elements of experience
4. Functionalism

 William James
 Functionalism focused on behavior in
addition to mind and consciousness
 Used direct observations to supplement
introspection
 Influenced by Darwin’s theory of
evolution or natural selection
5. Behaviorism

 John Broadus Watson

 Behaviorism focuses on learning observable
(measurable) behavior
 B.F. Skinner
 Learned behavior is behavior that is
reinforced
 Beyond Freedom and Dignity (1971)
6. Gestalt Psychology
 Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Köhler (1920s)
 Gestalt focused on perception and its
influence on thinking and problem solving
 Perception are more than sum of their
parts
 Active and purposeful
 Insight learning
The Importance of Context
Some insight into insight
7. Psychoanalysist

 Sigmund Freud
 Psychoanalysis
 Influence of
unconscious
motives and
conflicts
 Theory of
personality
 Therapy
8. Cognition affects
behaviour
 Tolman- animals could learn by observation (behavioral
approach could not make sense any more)
 Research on memory
 1957- George Miller launched the cognitive revolution
in psychology.
 Ulric Neisser - Cognitive Psychology (1967)
 C. Ps. is concerned with higher-order mental functions
such as intelligence, thinking, language, memory, and
decision making
 Computers-information processing theories
INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY
WHAT IS INDUSTRIAL
PSYCHOLOGY?
 Psychology is the science of human
behavior
 Industrial psychology applies psychology
at the work with the goal of improving
performance and well-being of
employees
SCOPE OF INDUSTRIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
 Help employers treat employees fairly
 Help to make jobs more interesting ‘n
satisfying
 Help workers be more productive
SCOPE OF INDUSTRIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
 Treat employees  Select people for jobs
fairly  Provide training
 Reward, promotion or
raises
 Address harrasment
SCOPE OF INDUSTRIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
 Make jobs more  Design jobs that people
will find satisfying
intersting and
 Motivate employees to
satisfying perform
 Create team that work
well together
SCOPE OF INDUSTRIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
 Be more  Design work patterns
that enhance efficiency
productive
 Provide skills training
and development
 Help to meet the
challanges of
competition
 Move past downsizing
Copyright: Dewi Hardiningtyas
AGENDA

 Introducing Industrial Psychology (L1)

 Psychology: an overview (L1)
 Personality (L2)
 Learning & Intelligence (L3)
 UTS
 Emotions & Motivation (L4)
 Job Satisfaction (L5)
 Defining Psychological Disorder: Stress (L6)
 UAS