O Cálculo com Geometria Analítica - Vol I - 3ª Edição

Louis Leithold

Capítulo III
A derivada e a derivação
Exercícios 3.6

A derivada de uma função composta e a regra da cadeia

Resolvido por Nelson Poerschke

De 1 a 12 ache a derivada da função dada.

01. 𝑓(𝑥) = (2𝑥 + 1)3

𝑓′(𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (2𝑥 + 1)3 = 3(2𝑥 + 1)2 𝐷𝑥 (2𝑥 + 1) = 3(2𝑥 + 1)2 (2) = 6(2𝑥 + 1)2

02. 𝑓(𝑥) = (10 − 5𝑥)4

𝑓′(𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (10 − 5𝑥)4 = 4(10 − 5𝑥)3 𝐷𝑥 (10 − 5𝑥) = 4(10 − 5𝑥)3 (−5) = −20(10 − 5𝑥)3

03. 𝐹(𝑥) = (𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5)4

𝐹′(𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5)4 = 4(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5)3 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5) =

= 4(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5)3 (2𝑥 + 4) = (8𝑥 + 16)(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5)3 = 2(4𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5)3

04. 𝑔(𝑟) = (2𝑟 4 + 8𝑟 2 + 1)5

𝑔′(𝑟) = 𝐷𝑥 (2𝑟 4 + 8𝑟 2 + 1)5 = 5(2𝑟 4 + 8𝑟 2 + 1)4 𝐷𝑥 (2𝑟 4 + 8𝑟 2 + 1)

= 5(2𝑟 4 + 8𝑟 2 + 1)4 (8𝑟 3 + 16𝑟) = 5(8𝑟 3 + 16𝑟)(2𝑟 4 + 8𝑟 2 + 1)4

= 40𝑟(𝑟 + 2)(2𝑟 4 + 8𝑟 2 + 1)4

05. 𝑔(𝑡) = (2𝑡 4 − 7𝑡 3 + 2𝑡 − 1)2

𝑔′(𝑡) = 𝐷𝑥 (2𝑡 4 − 7𝑡 3 + 2𝑡 − 1)2 = 2(2𝑡 4 − 7𝑡 3 + 2𝑡 − 1)𝐷𝑥 (2𝑡 4 − 7𝑡 3 + 2𝑡 − 1) =

= 2(2𝑡 4 − 7𝑡 3 + 2𝑡 − 1)(8𝑡 3 − 21𝑡 2 + 2)

06. 𝐻(𝑧) = (𝑧 3 − 3𝑧 2 + 1)−3

𝐻′(𝑧) = 𝐷𝑥 (𝑧 3 − 3𝑧 2 + 1)−3 = −3(𝑧 3 − 3𝑧 2 + 1)−4 𝐷𝑧 (𝑧 3 − 3𝑧 2 + 1)

−9(𝑧 2 −2𝑧)
= −3(𝑧 3 − 3𝑧 2 + 1)−4 (3𝑧 2 − 6𝑧) =
(𝑧 3 −3𝑧 2 +1)4
07. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 2 + 4)−2

𝑓′(𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 4)−2 = −2(𝑥 2 + 4)−3 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 4) = −2(𝑥 2 + 4)−3 (2𝑥) =

−4𝑥
= −2(𝑥 2 + 4)−3 (2𝑥) = (𝑥 2 +4)3

08. 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 2

𝑔′(𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 2 ) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 2 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 ) = cos 𝑥 2 (2𝑥) = 2𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 2

09. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3𝑥 − 3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 4𝑥

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3𝑥 − 3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 4𝑥)

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 4(−𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥)𝐷𝑥 (3𝑥) − 3(𝑐𝑜𝑠 4𝑥)𝐷𝑥 (4𝑥) = −4(𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥)(3) − 3(𝑐𝑜𝑠 4𝑥)(4)

= −12(𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥) − 12(𝑐𝑜𝑠 4𝑥) = −12(𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥 + cos 4𝑥)

10. 𝐺(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥

𝐺 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥) = 2 sec 𝑥 𝐷𝑥 (sec 𝑥) = 2 sec 𝑥 (sec 𝑥 𝑡𝑔 𝑥) = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑡𝑔 𝑥

1
11. ℎ(𝑡) = 3 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 2𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2𝑡

1
ℎ′(𝑡) = 𝐷𝑡 (3 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 2𝑡 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2𝑡) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 2𝑡 𝐷𝑥 (sec 2𝑡) − 𝐷𝑥 (sec 2𝑡) =

= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 2𝑡 sec 2𝑡 𝑡𝑔 2𝑡 − sec 2𝑡 𝑡𝑔 2𝑡 = (𝑠𝑒𝑐2 2𝑡 − 1)(sec 2𝑡 𝑡𝑔 2𝑡)(2) =

= (𝑡𝑔2 2𝑡)(2 sec 2𝑡 𝑡𝑔 2𝑡) = 2 sec 2𝑡 𝑡𝑔3 2𝑡

12. 𝑓(𝑥) = cos(3𝑥 2 + 1)

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 [cos(3𝑥 2 + 1)] = −𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑥 2 + 1)𝐷𝑥 (3𝑥 2 + 1) = −𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑥 2 + 1)(6𝑥) =

= −6 𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑥 2 + 1)

Nos exercícios de 13 a 24, calcule a derivada indicada.

𝑑
13. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑡𝑔2 𝑥)

𝑑
(𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑡𝑔2 𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥) 𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 + sec 2 𝑥 𝐷𝑥 (𝑡𝑔2 𝑥) =
𝑑𝑥

2 sec 𝑥 (sec 𝑥 𝑡𝑔 𝑥)𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 + sec 2 𝑥 (2 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥) =

2 sec 2 𝑥 𝑡𝑔3 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 4 𝑥 2𝑡𝑔 𝑥 = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥𝑡𝑔 𝑥(𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥)

𝑑
14. 𝑑𝑡 (2 𝑠𝑒𝑛3 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡)

𝑑
(2 𝑠𝑒𝑛3 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡) = 2[𝐷𝑡 (𝑠𝑒𝑛3 𝑡)(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡) + (𝑠𝑒𝑛3 𝑡)𝐷𝑡 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡)] =
𝑑𝑡

= 2[(3 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡)(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡) + (𝑠𝑒𝑛3 𝑡)2 cos 𝑡(−𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑡)] =

= 2[(3 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡)𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 + (−𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝑡)2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑡] = 6 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝑡 − 4𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝑡 cos 𝑡
 𝑑
15. 𝑑𝑡 (𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔4 𝑡 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 4 𝑡)

𝑑
(𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔4 𝑡 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 4 𝑡) = [4 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔3 𝑡(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡)] − [4 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 𝑡(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔 𝑡)] =
𝑑𝑡

= [4 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔3 𝑡(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡)] − [4 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 𝑡(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔 𝑡)] =

= −4 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡(𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔2 𝑡 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡) = −4 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡(−1) = 4 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡

𝑑
16. 𝑑𝑥 [(4𝑥 2 + 7)2 (2𝑥 3 + 1)4 ]

𝑑
[(4𝑥 2 + 7)2 (2𝑥 3 + 1)4 ] = (4𝑥 2 + 7)2 𝐷𝑥 (2𝑥 3 + 1)4 +(2𝑥 3 + 1)4 𝐷𝑥 (4𝑥 2 + 7)2
𝑑𝑥

= (4𝑥 2 + 7)2 4(2𝑥 3 + 1)3 𝐷𝑥 (2𝑥 3 + 1) + (2𝑥 3 + 1)4 2(4𝑥 2 + 7)𝐷𝑥 (4𝑥 2 + 7)

= (4𝑥 2 + 7)2 4(2𝑥 3 + 1)3 (6𝑥 2 ) + (2𝑥 3 + 1)4 2(4𝑥 2 + 7)(8𝑥)

= 24𝑥 2 (4𝑥 2 + 7)2 (2𝑥 3 + 1)3 + 16𝑥(4𝑥 2 + 7)(2𝑥 3 + 1)4

= 8𝑥(4𝑥 2 + 7)(2𝑥 3 + 1)3 [3𝑥(4𝑥 2 + 7) + 2(2𝑥 3 + 1)]

= 8𝑥(4𝑥 2 + 7)(2𝑥 3 + 1)3 (16𝑥 3 + 21𝑥 + 2)

17. 𝐷𝑢 [(3𝑢2 + 5)3 (3𝑢 − 1)2 ]

𝐷𝑢 [(3𝑢2 + 5)3 (3𝑢 − 1)2 ] = 𝐷𝑢 (3𝑢2 + 5)3 (3𝑢 − 1)2 + (3𝑢2 + 5)3 𝐷𝑢 (3𝑢 − 1)2 =

= 3(3𝑢2 + 5)2 (6𝑢)(3𝑢 − 1)2 + (3𝑢2 + 5)3 2(3𝑢 − 1)(3) =

= 18(3𝑢2 + 5)2 (3𝑢 − 1)2 + 6(3𝑢2 + 5)3 (3𝑢 − 1) =

= 6(3𝑢2 + 5)2 (3𝑢 − 1)[3𝑢(3𝑢 − 1) + (3𝑢2 + 5)] =

= 6(3𝑢2 + 5)2 (3𝑢 − 1)(12𝑢2 − 3𝑢 + 5)

******18. 𝐷𝑥 [(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )2 (𝑥 2 + 1)−1 ]

𝐷𝑥 [(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )2 (𝑥 2 + 1)−1 ] = 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )2 (𝑥 2 + 1)−1 + (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )2 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 1)−1 =

= 2(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )(𝑥 2 + 1)−1 + (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )2 − (𝑥 2 + 1)𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 + 1) =

= 2(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )(2𝑥 + 8𝑥 −3 )(𝑥 2 + 1)−1 + (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )2 (−𝑥 2 − 1)(2𝑥) =

= 4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )[(2𝑥 + 8𝑥 −3 )(𝑥 2 + 1)−1 + (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )(−𝑥 2 − 1) =

= 4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 −2 )[(2𝑥 + 8𝑥 −3 )(𝑥 2 + 1)−1 + (−𝑥 4 + 𝑥 2 + 4)

19. 𝐷𝑥 [(2𝑥 − 5)−1 (4𝑥 + 3)−2 ]

𝐷𝑥 [(2𝑥 − 5)−1 (4𝑥 + 3)−2 ] = 𝐷𝑥 (2𝑥 − 5)−1 (4𝑥 + 3)−2 + (2𝑥 − 5)−1 𝐷𝑥 (4𝑥 + 3)−2 =

= −(2𝑥 − 5)−2 𝐷𝑥 (2𝑥 − 5)(4𝑥 + 3)−2 + (2𝑥 − 5)−1 − 2(4𝑥 + 3)−3 𝐷𝑥 (4𝑥 + 3) =

= −(2𝑥 − 5)−2 (2)(4𝑥 + 3)−2 + (2𝑥 − 5)−1 (−2)(4𝑥 + 3)−3 (4) =

= −2(2𝑥 − 5)−2 (4𝑥 + 3)−3 [(4𝑥 + 3) + 4(2𝑥 − 5)] = −2(2𝑥 − 5)−2 (4𝑥 + 3)−3 (12𝑥 − 17)
 𝑑 𝑦−7 2
23. 𝑑𝑦 [(𝑦+2) ]

𝑑 𝑦−7 2 𝑦−7 𝑦−7 𝑦−7 (𝑦+2)𝐷𝑦 (𝑦−7)−(𝑦−7)𝐷𝑦 (𝑦+2)

[( ) ] = 2 (𝑦+2) 𝐷𝑦 (𝑦+2) = 2 (𝑦+2) ( )=
𝑑𝑦 𝑦+2 (𝑦+2)2

𝑦−7 (𝑦+2)(1)−(𝑦−7)(1) 𝑦−7 (𝑦+2)−(𝑦−7) 𝑦−7 9 2(𝑦−7)9 18(𝑦−7)

= 2 (𝑦+2) ( ) = 2 (𝑦+2) = 2 (𝑦+2) (𝑦+2)2 = =
(𝑦+2)2 (𝑦+2)2 (𝑦+2)3 (𝑦+2)3

2
𝑑 2𝑡 2 +1
24. 𝑑𝑡 [(3𝑡 3 +1) ]

2 (3𝑡 3 +1)𝐷𝑡 (2𝑡 2 +1)−(2𝑡 2 +1)𝐷𝑡 (3𝑡 3 +1)

𝑑 2𝑡 2 +1 2𝑡 2 +1 2𝑡 2 +1 2𝑡 2 +1
[( ) ] = 2 (3𝑡 3 +1) 𝐷𝑡 (3𝑡 3 +1) = 2 (3𝑡 3 +1) ( )=
𝑑𝑡 3𝑡 3 +1 (3𝑡 3 +1)2

2𝑡 2 +1 (3𝑡 3 +1)(4𝑡)−(2𝑡 2 +1)(9𝑡 2 ) 2𝑡 2 +1 −6𝑡 4 −9𝑡 2 +4𝑡 2(2𝑡 2 +1)(−6𝑡 4 −9𝑡 2 +4𝑡)
= 2 (3𝑡 3 +1) ( (3𝑡 3 +1)2
) = 2 (3𝑡 3 +1) (3𝑡 3 +1)2
= (3𝑡 3 +1)3
=

2(2𝑡 2 +1)(−6𝑡 4 −9𝑡 2 +4𝑡) (4𝑡 2 +2)(−6𝑡 4 −9𝑡 2 +4𝑡)

= (3𝑡 3 +1)3
= (3𝑡 3 +1)3

Nos exercícios de 25 a 36, calcule a derivada da função dada.

2𝑥−1 3
25. 𝑓(𝑥) = (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)

2𝑥−1 3 2𝑥−1 2 2𝑥−1

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2) = 3 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2) 𝐷𝑥 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2) =

2𝑥−1 2 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)𝐷 (2𝑥−1)−(2𝑥−1)𝐷 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)

𝑥 𝑥
= 3( ) ( )=
3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)2

2𝑥−1 2 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)(2)−(2𝑥−1)(6𝑥+1) (2𝑥−1)2 (6𝑥 2 +2𝑥−4)−(12𝑥 2 +2𝑥−6𝑥+1)

= 3 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2) ( (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)2
) = 3 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)2 ( (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)2
)=

3(2𝑥−1)2 (6𝑥 2 +2𝑥−4)−(12𝑥 2 −4𝑥+1) (6𝑥−3)2 (−6𝑥2 +6𝑥−3)

= (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)2 (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)2
= (3𝑥 2 +𝑥−2)4

3
(𝑥 2 +3)
26. 𝑓(𝑥) = (5𝑥−8)2

3 3 3
(𝑥 2 +3) (5𝑥−8)2 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 +3) −(𝑥 2 +3) 𝐷𝑥 (5𝑥−8)2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (5𝑥−8)2 = [(5𝑥−8)2 ]2
=

2 3 2 3
(5𝑥−8)2 3(𝑥 2 +3) 𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 +3)−(𝑥2 +3) 2(5𝑥−8)2 𝐷𝑥 (5𝑥−8) (5𝑥−8)2 [3(𝑥 2 +3) (2𝑥)]−(𝑥 2 +3) [2(5𝑥−8)2 (5)]
= (5𝑥−8)4
= (5𝑥−8)4
=

2 3
(5𝑥−8)2 [6𝑥(𝑥 2 +3) ]−(𝑥 2 +3) [10(5𝑥−8)2 ]
= (5𝑥−8)4

3
(𝑧 2 −5)
27. 𝑓(𝑧) = (𝑧 2 +4)2

3 2 3 3 2
(𝑧 2 −5) (𝑧 2 +4) 𝐷𝑧 (𝑧 2 −5) −(𝑧 2 −5) 𝐷𝑧 (𝑧 2 +4)
𝑓′(𝑧) = (𝑧 2 +4)2
= [(𝑧 2 +4)2 ]2

2 2 3
(𝑧 2 +4) 3(𝑧 2 −5) 𝐷𝑧 (𝑧 2 −5)−(𝑧 2 −5) 2(𝑧 2 +4)𝐷𝑧 (𝑧 2 +4)
= [(𝑧 2 +4)2 ]2
=
 2 2 3 2
(𝑧 2 +4) [3(𝑧 2 −5) (2𝑧)]−(𝑧 2 −5) 2[(𝑧 2 +4)(2𝑧)] (𝑧 2 +4)(𝑧 2 −5) [(𝑧 2 +4)(6𝑧)−(𝑧 2 −5)(4𝑧)]
= (𝑧 2 +4)4
= (𝑧 2 +4)4
=

2 2 2
(𝑧 2 −5) (6𝑧 3 +24𝑧−4𝑧 3 +20𝑧) (𝑧 2 −5) (2𝑧 3 +44𝑧) 2𝑧(𝑧 2 −5) (𝑧 2 +22)
= (𝑧 2 +4)3
= (𝑧 2 +4)3
= (𝑧 2 +4)3

29. 𝑔(𝑡) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (3𝑡 2 − 1)

𝑔′ (𝑡) = 𝐷𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 (3𝑡 2 − 1) = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑡 2 − 1)𝐷𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑡 2 − 1) =

= 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑡 2 − 1)𝑐𝑜𝑠(3𝑡 2 − 1)𝐷𝑡 (3𝑡 2 − 1) = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑡 2 − 1)𝑐𝑜𝑠(3𝑡 2 − 1)(6𝑡) =

= 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑡 2 − 1)𝑐𝑜𝑠(3𝑡 2 − 1)(6𝑡) = 6𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛(6𝑡 2 − 2)

30. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 2

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 2 = 2 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 2 𝐷𝑥 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 2 = 2 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝐷𝑥 𝑥 2 = 2 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 2 2𝑥 = 4𝑥 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 2

31. 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )3

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )3 = 3(𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )2 𝐷𝑥 𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 3(𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )2 2 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 𝐷𝑥 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 =

= 3(𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )2 2 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 − 𝐷𝑥 𝑥 2 = 3(𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )2 2 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 − 2𝑥 =

= 3(𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )2 [2 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥) − 2𝑥] = 6(𝑡𝑔2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 )2 (𝑡𝑔 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 − 𝑥)

32. 𝐺(𝑥) = (2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 − 3 cos 𝑥)3

𝐺 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 (2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 − 3 cos 𝑥)3 = 3(2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 − 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥)2 𝐷𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 − 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 =

= 3(2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 − 3 cos 𝑥)2 (2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥)

3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦
33. 𝐺(𝑦) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1

3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦 (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)𝐷𝑦 (3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)−(3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)𝐷𝑦 (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)

𝐺 ′ (𝑦) = 𝐷𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1 = (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)2
=

(𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)𝐷𝑦 (3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)−(3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)𝐷𝑦 (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)

= (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)2
=

(𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)[𝐷𝑦 (3)(𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)+(3 )𝐷𝑦 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)]−(3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)[(2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑦+1)𝐷𝑦 (2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑦+1)
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)2
=

(𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)[(3 )𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑦]−(3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)[(2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑦)(−2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)2
=

(𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)[3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑦]−(3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦)[(2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑦)(−2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 2𝑦) 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑦(𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1+2 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 2𝑦)
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)2
= (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)2
=

3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑦(2+ 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 2𝑦)

= (𝑐𝑜𝑠2 2𝑦+1)2

𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔2 2𝑥
34. 𝑔(𝑥) = 1+𝑥 2

𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔2 2𝑥 (1+𝑥 2 )𝐷𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔2 2𝑥)−(𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔2 2𝑥)𝐷𝑥 (1+𝑥 2 )

𝑔′(𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 = =
1+𝑥 2 (1+𝑥 2 )2
 (1+𝑥 2 )[2 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔 2𝑥𝐷𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔 2𝑥)]−(𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔2 2𝑥)(2𝑥) (1+𝑥 2 )[2 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔 2𝑥(− 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 2𝑥)]−(2𝑥)[(𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔2 2𝑥)]
= (1+𝑥 2 )2
= (1+𝑥 2 )2
=

2(1+𝑥 2 ) (𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔 2𝑥− 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 2𝑥)−(2𝑥)[(𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑔2 2𝑥)]

= (1+𝑥 2 )2

35. 𝐹(𝑥) = 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥)

𝐹 ′ (𝑥) = 𝐷𝑥 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥) = −4 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥)𝐷𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥) = −4 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥) cos 3𝑥 𝐷𝑥 (3𝑥) =

= −4 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥) cos 3𝑥 (3) = −12 cos 3𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥)

37. Ache uma equação da reta tangente à curva 𝑦 = (𝑥 2 − 1)2 em cada um dos
pontos(−2, 9); (−1, 0); (0, 1); (1, 0) 𝑒 (2, 9);e faça um esboço do gráfico e desenhe segmentos das
retas tangentes nos pontos dados. Sendo 𝑓(𝑦) = (𝑥 2 − 1)2
𝑓 ′ (𝑦) = (𝑥 2 − 1)2 = 2(𝑥 2 − 1)𝐷𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 1) = 2(𝑥 2 − 1)(2𝑥) = 4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 1)
(−2, 9)
𝑓 ′ (−2) = 4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 1) = 4(−2)(22 − 1) = 4(−2)3 = −24
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) → 𝑦 − 9 = −24(𝑥 + 2) → 24𝑥 + 𝑦 + 39 = 0
(−1, 0)
𝑓 ′ (−1) = 4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 1) = 4(−1)(−12 − 1) = 4(−1)0 = 0
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) → 𝑦 − 0 = 0(𝑥 + 1) → 𝑦=0
(0, 1)
𝑓 ′ (0) = 4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 1) = 4(0)(02 − 1) = 0(0) − 1 = 0
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) → 𝑦 − 1 = 0(𝑥 − 0) → 𝑦=1
(1, 0)
𝑓 ′ (1) = 4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 1) = 4(1)(12 − 1) = 4(1)0 = 0
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) → 𝑦 − 0 = 0(𝑥 − 1) → 𝑦=0
(2, 9)
𝑓 ′ (2) = 4𝑥(𝑥 2 − 1) = 4(2)(22 − 1) = 4(2)3 = 24
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) → 𝑦 − 9 = 24(𝑥 − 2) → 24𝑥 − 𝑦 − 39 = 0
Nos exercícios de 39 a 42, uma partícula move-se ao longo de uma reta de acordo com a equação dada,
onde 𝑠 cm é a distância orientada da partícula até a origem, em 𝑡 s.
2
(𝑡 2 −1)
39. 𝑠 = (𝑡 2 +1)2
; 𝑡 ≥ 0; 𝑡1 = 1, 𝑒 𝑡1 = 2

a) Qual será a velocidade da partícula em 𝑡 s?

2 2
𝑑𝑠 (𝑡 2 −1) (𝑡 2 −1) (𝑡 2 −1) (𝑡 2 +1)𝐷𝑡 (𝑡 2 −1)−(𝑡 2 −1)𝐷𝑡 (𝑡 2 +1)
𝑣(𝑡) = 𝑑𝑡 ((𝑡 2 +1)2 ) = ( (𝑡 2 +1)) = 2 (𝑡 2 +1) 𝐷𝑡 (𝑡 2 +1)2
=

(𝑡 2 −1) (𝑡 2 +1)(2𝑡)−(𝑡 2 −1)(2𝑡) (𝑡 2 −1) (2𝑡)(𝑡 2 +1)−(𝑡 2 −1) (8𝑡)(𝑡 2 −1)

= 2 (𝑡 2 +1) (𝑡 2 +1)2
= 2 (𝑡 2 +1) (𝑡 2 +1)2
= (𝑡 2 +1)3

(8𝑡)(𝑡 2 −1)
Portanto, em 𝑡 s, a velocidade instantânea é (𝑡 2 +1)3
cm/s.

b) Ache a velocidade instantânea da partícula em 𝑡 s para cada valor dado em 𝑡1 .

(8𝑡)(𝑡 2 −1)
𝑣(𝑡) = (𝑡 2 +1)3

8(1)(02 −1) 0
𝑣(1) = (𝑡 2 +1)3
= (𝑡 2 +1)3 = 0

Em 𝑡 = 1 a velocidade instantânea é 0.

8(2)(22 −1) 48
𝑣(2) = (22 +1)3
= 125 = 0,384 𝑐𝑚/𝑠

Em 𝑡 = 2 a velocidade instantânea é 0,384 𝑐𝑚/𝑠.

1 3
42. 𝑠 = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜋(𝑡 + 1); 𝑡 ≥ 0; 𝑡1 = 4 , 𝑒 𝑡1 = 2

a) Qual será a velocidade da partícula em 𝑡 s?

𝑑𝑠
𝑣= [2 cos 𝜋 (𝑡 + 1)] = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜋(𝑡 + 1) + 2 cos 𝜋 𝐷𝑡 (𝑡 + 1) = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜋(𝑡 + 1) + 2 cos 𝜋
𝑑𝑡
Portanto, em 𝑡 s, a velocidade instantânea é 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜋(𝑡 + 1) + 2 cos 𝜋 cm/s.

b) Ache a velocidade instantânea da partícula em 𝑡 s para cada valor dado em 𝑡1 .

𝑣(𝑡) = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜋(𝑡 + 1) + 2 cos 𝜋

1 1
𝑣 (4) = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜋 (4 + 1) + 2 cos 𝜋 = −2 𝑐𝑚/𝑠

𝑣(𝑡) = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜋(𝑡 + 1) + 2 cos 𝜋

3 3
𝑣 (2) = 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝜋 (2 + 1) + 2 cos 𝜋 = −2 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
43. A força eletromotriz de um circuito elétrico com um gerador simplificado é 𝐸(𝑡) volts em 𝑡 s, onde
𝐸(𝑡) = 50 𝑠𝑒𝑛 120 𝜋 𝑡. Ache a taxa de variação instantânea de 𝐸(𝑡) em relação a 𝑡 EM:

a) 0,02 s

𝐸(𝑡) = 50 𝑠𝑒𝑛 120 𝜋 𝑡

𝐸 ′ (𝑡) = 𝐷𝑡 50 𝑠𝑒𝑛 120 𝜋 𝑡 = 50 cos 120 𝜋𝑡𝐷𝑡 (120 𝜋𝑡) = 50 cos 120 𝜋𝑡(120 𝜋) =

= 6000𝜋𝑐𝑜𝑠120𝜋𝑡

𝐸 ′ (0,02𝑠) = 6000𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠120𝜋 (0,02) = 6000𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠2,4𝜋 = 6000𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠432° ≅ 5824,8 𝑉/𝑠

b) 0, 2 s

𝐸 ′ (0,2𝑠) = 6000𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠120𝜋 (0,2) = 6000𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠24𝜋 = 6000𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠4320° ≅ 18850 𝑉/𝑠