experiment-1

Voltage Source and Voltage Measuring Instruments

1,Purpose
1. Grasp the functions, technical indicators and usage methods of DC stabilized power
supply;
2. Grasp the functions, technical indicators and usage methods of arbitrary wave function
signal generator;
3, to master the functions, technical indicators and usage methods of the four and a half
digital multimeters;
4, learn to use voltmeter correctly to measure DC and AC voltage

Second, the experimental principle

(-)GPD-3303 DC Power Supply
1, the main features of DC power supply
(1) Three fully independent floating outputs (CH1, CH2, FIXED)
The fixed power supply can select output voltage values of 2.5V.3, 3V and 5V, which are
suitable for the fixed power required by common chips.

(2) Two-way (main road CHI button, from the road CH2 button) adjustable DC power supply,
both can work in the regulator (green light C.V.), steady flow (red light с. с.) work, the
voltage regulator is 0~32v continuously adjustable, steady flow value is 0~3 2 A continuous
adjustable.

(3) Two adjustable DC regulated power supplies can be set to work in combination (tracking)
mode. In the combined (tracking) mode of operation,

1 Series combination method (panel SER/INDEP button): By adjusting the main circuit CHI
voltage, current, from the road CH2 voltage The current automatically follows the main
circuit CHI and the output voltage is up to the sum of the two voltage ratings (the terminals
are connected to CHI+ and CH2-
2 parallel combination mode (panel PARA/INDEP key); by adjusting the main circuit CH1
voltage, the voltage from the road CH2 is automatically Following the change of the main
circuit CHI, the two currents can be individually adjusted and the output current can reach
the sum of the two current setting values.

(4) Four groups of commonly used voltage storage function (panel MEMORY! ~ 4 keys):
Commonly used voltage and current of CHI and CH2 After the voltage and current of the
series and parallel combination are adjusted to the required setting value, the group can be
powered by pressing the number key (1~4) for a long time. The voltage and current values
are stored. When they need to be called, simply press the corresponding number key to get
the original set storage voltage and power, Flow value.

(5) Locking function: In order to avoid mistaken adjustment of voltage or current value
during power supply use, the instrument also sets lock function (face Board LOCK button)
When the button is pressed, the voltage and current adjustment knobs do not work. To
release the function, press and hold the key.

(6) Output protection function: After adjusting the voltage and current, you need to press
the panel OUTPUT key to adjust the power. Pressure and current output from output hole

(7) Buzzer function: The buzzer can be controlled by long press CH2 button

3, functional keys and knob role description

(1) Power switch: press the power switch, turn on the power;

(2) From the road CH2 constant pressure, constant current indicator (C.V./С.C.): When the
slave road is in constant pressure (green), constant current (red) C. V./C. C. indicator lights;

(3) Slave (CH2) output port: Slave output port (+ is the positive terminal of the power supply,
and 1 is the negative terminal of the power supply);

(4) Main road CHI constant pressure, constant current indicator (C. V./C. C.): When the main
road is in constant pressure (green), constant current (red)C. V./С. C. indicator lights;

(5) Grounding port: Connect the instrument shell and connect the ground wire through the
power cable.

(6) Main channel (CHI) output port: Main channel output port (+ is the positive terminal of
the power supply, and 1 is the negative terminal of the power supply);

(7) OVER LOAD indicator, fixed power overload indicator;

(8) fixed power adjustment switch: adjust 2.5V, 3. 3V and 5V;

(9) Fixed output (FIXED) output port juice is the positive end of the power supply, and one is
the negative end of the power supply;

(10) Current adjustment knob: Adjust CH1/CH2 output current, press input current to fine
tune, corresponding indicator (FINE) is on

(11)Voltage adjustment knob: Adjust the CH1/CH2 output voltage, press it into the voltage
fine adjustment, the corresponding indicator (FINE) is bright

(12) Voltage fine-adjustment indicator: FINE light when fine adjustment;

(13) Current fine-adjustment indicator: FINE lamp is on when fine adjustment;

(14) Series control key: when the key is on (key light is on), the power supply
automatically connects CH1 and CH2 in series (CH1+ is the total power supply +,
C2- For the total power supply, CHI- and CH2+ are automatically connected), the
sum of the total voltage is 2 times the set value;
(15) CH1 control key: When typing (key light is on), CH1 works, can adjust voltage
and current and prepare output;
(16) CH2 control key: When typing (the key light is on), CH2 works, can adjust the
voltage, current and prepare output; long press the feather Change buzzer switch;
(17) Parallel control key: When the key person (key light is on), the power supply will
automatically connect CHI.CH2 in parallel (CHI+ and CH2+, CHI- With C112- automatic
connection, the total current can reach the sum of two paths;

(18) OUTPUT, control key: when typing (key light), control CH1, CH2 voltage, current output;

(19) storage, call selection keys (1~4): four groups (1~4 keys storage control keys;

(20) Lock key: lock or release the front panel setting: press this key (the key light is on), the
front panel knob is locked; long press this key,The button light goes out and the front panel
knob is unlocked;

(21) CH1 voltage digital display (three digits);

(22) CH1 current digital display (three digits);

(23) Digital display of CH2 voltage (three digits);

(24) CH2 current digital display (three digits).

4, use method
(1) Before turning on the power, adjust the "current adjustment knob" to the maximum
value and the "voltage adjustment knob" to the minimum value. Turn on the power after
starting Press the knob to adjust to the desired voltage
(2) When the power supply is used as a constant current source, after the power is turned
on, adjust to the required steady current value through the “current adjustment” knob.
(3) When the power supply is used as a regulated voltage source, the current knob can be
adjusted to set the "current limiting" protection point as required.
(4) Warm-up time: 30 seconds.

5. Attention matter
(1) Avoid short circuit of the port output line;
(2) Avoid overloading the power supply;
(3) To prevent the output from appearing positive or negative polarity
(B) RIGOL DG1022 Dual Channel Function/Arbitrary Wave Function Signal Generator state
l. Main Features of DG1022 Dual Channel Function/Arbitrary Waveform Generator

(1) Dual-channel output can realize channel coupling and channel replication;

(2) Output 5 basic (sine, square, sawtooth, pulse, white noise) waveforms, and 48 built-in
arbitrary waveforms;

(3) User-defined arbitrary waveforms that can be edited to output 14-bit, 4k points;
(4) 100 MSa/s sampling rate;

(5) Frequency characteristics:

1 sine wave 1 Hz~20 MHz;
2 square wave pHz~5 MHz;
3 sawtooth wave 1,1 Hz~150 kHz;
4 pulse wave 500 pcHz~ 3 MHz;
5 white noise 5 MHz bandwidth (-3 dB);
6 arbitrary waveform 1 μHz--5 MHz,

(6) Amplitude range 2mVp-p~10Vp-p (50 Ω), 4mVp-p -20Vp-p (high resistance);

(7) High-precision, wide-band frequency meter,

1Measurement parameters: frequency, period, duty cycle and positive/negative pulse width;
2 frequency range: 100 mHz ~ 200 MHz (single channel).

(8) Rich modulation function, output various modulation waveforms: amplitude modulation
(AM), frequency modulation (FM), phase modulation (PM), binary frequency shift Keying
(FSK), linear and log sweep (Sweep) and Burst modes;

(9) Rich input and output: External modulation source, external reference 10 MHz clock
source, external trigger input, waveform output and number Word sync signal output.

(10) Supports plug-and-play USB storage devices, and stores and reads waveform
configuration parameters through USB storage devices and Custom arbitrary waveform

2, DG1022 Series Dual Channel Function/Arbitrary Waveform Generator Front Panel and
Features

3, function keys and knob role description

(1) Power switch: The main power switch is used on the back of the instrument for the main
power switch, power auxiliary switch: control power switch;
(2) parameter setting, view switching: used for parameter setting and observation of the
signal shape on the LCD to switch;
(3) Waveform selection: Select the shape of the signal generated by the signal generator
(sine, square wave, sawtooth, pulse, noise, etc.);
(4) Menu key: According to the selected waveform, set the signal parameters according to
the menu displayed on the LCD;
(5) Channel switching key: CH1, CH2 channel switching, in order to set the output channel
signal parameters;
(6) Numeric keys: set the size of the parameters;
(7) CH1 enable: Control CH1 channel signal output;
(8) CH2 enable: Control CH2 channel signal output;
(9) USB port external USB device;
(10) LCD display mode: used to display the signal status, output configuration, output
channels, signal shape, signal parameters.
Parameter menus, etc.
(11) Mode/Function keys: Implementing storage and recall, auxiliary system functions, help
functions and other 48 arbitrary waveforms
(12) Left arrow key: The control parameter's numerical value position shifts to the left, and
the arbitrary wave file/setting file storage location;

(13) Knob: adjust the value of the value, in 0-9, clockwise one-digit number plus 1,
counterclockwise turn one-digit number minus 1;
(14) Right direction key: the right position of control parameter value right position and the
storage location of arbitrary wave file/setting file;
(15) CH1 signal output port;
(16) CH2 signal output port or frequency meter signal input port.

4, DG1022 Series Dual Channel Function/Arbitrary Waveform Generator Usage

(1) Turn on the power switch on the signal generator rear panel and front panel in turn;
(2) Press the channel switch button to switch the signal output channel (default is CHI);

(3) Press the waveform selection key to select the desired waveform;
(4) Press the corresponding parameter setting key on the menu key in sequence, and use the
numeric keypad or direction keys and knob to set the corresponding parameter value.
After that, select the corresponding parameter unit;
(5) Check the menu key, the remaining unused parameter setting keys, whether there is a
wrong setting value or the previous setting and this time
Unnecessary setting value;
(6) According to the channel selected in step (2), press the corresponding channel enable
key so that the set signal can be from the correct end Port output

5. Notes
(1) Avoid short circuit of the port output line;
(2) Avoid overloading the function signal generator;
(3) Avoid output signal terminal and common terminal error
(III) GDM-8145 Digital Multimeter
i. Main Specifications of GDM-8145 Digital Multimeter
The GDM-8145 is a 4-1/2 digit digital LED display with a digital desktop meter. - Four and a
half digital multimeters Multimeter performance is better, there is a "four and a half" digital
display, that is: when the measured value starts with 1, then five significant figures are
displayed. The measured value begins with other digits and four significant digits are
displayed
(1) AC and DC voltage measurement, can measure 10 mV~1000 V sinusoidal AC signal or 10
μV~1200 V DC signal number

1 Range 200 mV, 2 V, 20 V, 200 V, 1000 V (1200 V DC);

2 input impedance: 10 MN:
3 frequency response, below 200 V range: 40 Hz to 50 kHz.

(2) AC and DC current measurements: Measure 10 IA-20 A sinusoidal AC signals or 10 nA~20

A DC signals.

1 range: 200μ, 20 mA, 200 mA, 2 A, 20 A;

2 frequency response: 40 Hz~50 kHz;
3 The maximum test pressure drop is 200 mV.

(3) TRUE RMS measurement: Measure the rms DC value of the AC sine wave superimposed
voltage;

(4) Resistance measurement: Measured impedance of 10 ma--20 ΜΩ can be measured.

1 range, 200 Ω, 2 K, 20 K, 200 K, 2 M, 20 M;

2 The open circuit voltage is less than 700 mV.

(5) PN junction measurement

1PN junction is positive: DC current is about 1 mA, showing a positive voltage drop;
2PN junction is reversed: DC voltage is about 2.8V, indicating (over-range).

(6) Over-range display: When the measured value is out of range, the overflow display (four
0000) flashes.

2. GDM-8145 digital multimeter panel and function keys

3, function key description
(1) Power switch: control power switch;
(2) Range key: Select the range of the measurement parameter. The measured value is not
allowed to exceed the specified range value; otherwise, the over-range display is displayed;
(3) resistance measurement: select the measuring resistor function; measurement should be
connected to the red table pen V / Ω jack;

(4) Current measurement: Select the measurement current function. When measuring,
connect the red meter to a 2 A or 20 A jack;
(5) Voltage measurement: Select the measurement voltage function. When measuring,
connect the red meter to the V/Ω jack;
(6) AC and DC measurements: Select AC (key) or DC (bounce);
(7) Mean square root measurement; selection of root mean square measurement (key man)
for measuring alternating current signals with superimposed DC components;
(8) 20A current jack: used to measure more than 2A, less than 20A current;
(9) 2 A current jack: used to measure current less than 2 A;
(10) public end jack, used to connect the black table pen;
(11) Voltage and resistance jacks: used to measure voltage and resistance;
(12) Digital display: Displays the measurement parameter value.

4, How to use GDM-8145 digital multimeter

(1) AC and DC voltage measurement:
1 function switch selects the v key person, chooses AC (key person), IC (not to press)
according to AC and DC;
2 Black pen inserted into COM jack, red pen inserted into V / Ω jack;
3 Select the appropriate range, the range value should be greater than the measured value,
or there will be an overflow display;
4 test pen and connected at both ends of the load under test
(2) AC and DC current measurement:
1 Function switch selects mA input, AC (DC), DC (NO)
2 Black pen inserted into the COM jack, red pen into the mA or 20A jack;
3 Select the appropriate range, the range value should be greater than the measured value,
or there will be an overflow display;
4 test pen string people measured branch;
5 The voltage cannot be measured. Otherwise, the instrument will be burned out.
(3) Resistance measurement:
Function switch set Ω file;
2 Black pen inserted into COM jack, red pen inserted into V / Ω jack;
3 Select the appropriate range, the range value should be greater than the measured value,
or there will be an overflow display:
4 test pen and connected at the ends of the measured resistance;
5 When testing on-line resistance, be sure to turn off the power in the circuit under test and
disconnect it from the circuit

(4) PN junction test.

1 function keys and range keys, a key person;
2 Black meter pen is inserted into COM jack, red meter pen is inserted into V/Ω jack (red pen
is the positive pole of built-in power supply). IN junction is positive
When the digital tube shows the forward voltage drop (V) of the PN junction: When the PN
junction is reversed, the digital tube displays an overrange

5. Notes
(1) Select the function key reasonably according to the required measurement parameters,
and measure according to the correct method (voltage parallel connection, current series
connection),
(2) When the amplitude of the signal to be measured is not known in advance, the range key
should be placed at the highest level
(3) When the display shows "0000" flashing (overload), the range key should be immediately
switched to a higher range so that the overload display disappears.
Avoid damage due to long-term overload of the instrument. Otherwise, input lines should be
dialed immediately to check whether the selected function keys are wrong or there are
Other faults (such as excessive input voltage or internal fault, etc.)
(4) The maximum input voltage (DC 1200 v. AC 1000 V) should not be exceeded when
measuring voltage.
(5) When measuring current, do not insert the wrong input line, no more than 2A input line
plugged in the 2A terminal, not more than 20A inserted in
20A terminal.

(IV) Introduction to Multi-function Circuit Test Box

1·The multifunctional laboratory box is shown in Figure 4. It contains AC and DC power

supplies; AC and DC signal sources; Potentiometers, logic levels
Switch; single pulse source; logic level indicator, 7-segment common cathode digital tube,
with 8421 decoder digital tube; horn and overlap circuit Porous experimental socket board;
2. DC power supply provides ±5V, LI2V and 8V triple output and 9V independent DC power
supply. AC power supply 12 V output, when the main power switch is turned on, all power
supplies are in working condition;
3, AC signal source provides sinusoidal signal, its frequency, amplitude can be adjusted;
4, two DC signal source adjustment range: -1 v~ +1 v;
5. Potentiometer group consists of four multi-turn potentiometers of 470 Ω, I kn. 10 kn.100
ks2;
6. 12-bit logic level switch: When Ki is dialed up, Ki corresponds to D output logic "1" (+5 V),
D output logic "0" (0 v), Similarly, when Ki is dialed down, Si corresponds to D output logic
"0" (0 V), D output logic "1" (+5 V);

7. A-way single-pulse signal (A, B) output, normal A output logic "i", A output logic -0"; when
pressing A button A
Output a falling edge (t), A output a rising edge (f), after the release to restore normal;
8, with two digital displays with 8421 decoder and two common cathode seven-segment
digital display;
9, 12 logic level indicators (LED with driver) and 4 LEDs (without driver);
10. Two porous test sockets (commonly known as breadboards), each consisting of two rows
of 64 columns of resilient contact reeds; each reed There are 5 jacks, which are electrically
interconnected, and the jacks and reeds are all dual-inline integrated circuits. Standard
spacing; therefore, suitable for inserting a variety of dual inline standard integrated circuits,
can also insert the pin diameter go. 5~0.6 Any component of mm, when the IC is inserted
between two rows of reeds, the spare jacks can be used to input the pins of the IC. Output
or interconnection, two rows of parallel jacks above and below are mainly used to access the
power line and ground, each hole in the 25 holes Interconnected. This provides great
convenience for line experiments that require multiple power supplies. This experiment box
has two 128 line treasures Hole test socket board, Eight 14-pin or 16-pin dual inline
components per socket board

Third, experimental equipment

1, DC power supply
2, digital function signal generator
3, digital multimeter
4, Electronic Technology Comprehensive Experiment Box

Fourth, the experimental content

1·DC voltage measurement
Using a digital multimeter to measure DC voltage.
Measurement method: determine that the measuring instrument is set in the DC voltage
measurement state; the measuring instrument (COM) and the measured electricity
When the (COM) terminal is connected, then the voltage at this point can be measured by
measuring the pen touched point. If the measured voltage is known, it should be based on
The voltage size, select the appropriate range, so that the measurement data to achieve the
highest accuracy; if the unknown voltage is measured, the measurement instrument range
should be At the maximum, gradually reduce the range, so that the most valid number of
measurement data
(1)Fixed power measurement: Measure the fixed voltage of the regulated power supply 2.5
V, 3.3 V, 5 Vi
(2) Fixed voltage measurement and measurement The fixed voltage of the test box is ±5V =
12V, and _8Vi fills in the measured value.
(3) Variable power measurement: Adjust the output of any channel stable power supply
according to Table 3 and measure it.
(4) Positive and Negative Symmetrical Power Supplies
Measurement, GPD-3303 DC power supply works in series combination mode, adjust CHI
power During pressure, the CH2 track changes; in this way, the grass can form a positive and
negative symmetric power supply for the road independent power supply and the digital
multimeter The black meter (COM) is connected to the common terminal of the positive and
negative symmetric power supplies (main- and slave-way +), and the red probes measure
CHİE" CH12 negative electrode, as shown in Figure 5, adjust the output of the regulated
power supply according to Table 4 and measure it.

2. Measurement of sinusoidal voltage (effective value)

(1) The function signal generator outputs a sine wave. Signal frequency fs = 1 kHz. Output
amplitude is adjusted according to the attack. Digital universal Table is measured according
to Table 5
Measurement method: determine the measurement instrument set in the AC voltage
measurement state; the rest with the DC voltage measurement method.
Note: The general measuring instrument can only measure the sine signal, and the
measured value is the effective value (RMS); the oscilloscope measures the peak-to-peak
value.
The following relationship exists between (Vp-p) and the effective value: VER.-Vp-p /2/T
(2) Change the frequency of the signal generator to fs=100 kHz, repeat the above
measurements, and note the table 5.
Note: In the above table, since the 100 kHz has exceeded the monkey range of the DMM,
when using a digital multimeter to measure, there will be each liter The wrong value of the
class, just write down one of the error values

3, experimental box adjustable DC signal resistance measurement

Press 6 to connect the circuit. Adjust the DC signal to +1 v. Use the digital voltage to press
7 Measure and calculate Ro Kset to 1, digital multimeter measurement value is Voo; when K
is set to 2", digital multimeter measurement value is vol;

4. Function signal generator internal resistance (output resistance) measurement:

117 lap circuit, function signal generator set fs-1kHz sine wave. Use a digital voltmeter to
measure and calculate according to Table 8. Calculate Rof, when K is set to "1", the digital
multimeter measures Vooo: When K is set to "2", the digital multimeter measures Vo(V)
5. Prerequisites
1, read the contents of the lab lectures carefully to understand the technical performance
and use of each instrument;
2. Pay attention to the range of use and accuracy of various measuring instruments

Six, experimental report requirements

1, according to the format of the experiment report, fill out the purpose of the experiment
and a brief principle;
2, a simple explanation of the instrument principle and use of methods (class content);
3, list the measurement results and conduct error analysis;
4, after completing the class thinking

Seventh, question
i, using a digital multimeter to measure a sine wave, the meter shows what value of the sine
voltage and what voltage measurement method should be used?
- "2. Can I use a digital multimeter to measure triangle waves, ramps, and sawtooth waves?
Why?