Icyegeranyo cy'Ibyemezo by'Inkiko

ICYEGERANYO CY’IBYEMEZO BY’INKIKO Igitabo cya gatatu , nº 6
URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
B.P. 2197 KIGALI
www.supremecourt.gov.rw
ICYEGERANYO CY’IBYEMEZO
BY’INKIKO
Imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’inshinjabyaha, iz’ubucuruzi,
iz’umurimo, iz’ubutegetsi, izireba amategeko anyuranyije
n’Itegeko Nshinga
Igitabo cya gatatu, nº 6
Nyakanga, 2010
Abagize komite y’ubwanditsi
bw’icyegeranyo cy’ibyemezo by'inkiko
MUGENZI Louis-Marie : Perezida wa Komite,

Umucamanza mu Rukiko
rw’Ikirenga
NYIRINKWAYA Immaculée : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

Umucamanza mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga
KALIWABO Charles : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

Umugenzuzi w’Inkiko
BWIZA Marie- Blanche : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

Umucamanza mu Rukiko Rukuru
KIBUKA Jean luc : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

rw’Ubucuruzi
YARAMBA Athanase : Umwe mu bagize komite,

Umucamanza mu Rukiko
Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga
KABERUKA Claude : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

rwa Gisirikare
BAZIHANA Fidèle : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

Umucamanza mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze
rwa Nyamirambo
NKUBITO William : Umwanditsi wa Komite,

Umushakashatsi mu by’amategeko
mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga
KABASHA Védaste : Umwanditsi wa Komite,

Umushakashatsi mu by’amategeko
mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga
Urwego ruhagarariye icyegeranyo: URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
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Icyegeranyo cy’imanza zaciwe ni igitabo gikusanya imanza
zatoranijwe mu manza zaciwe n’inkiko. Iryo toranya
rikorwa harebwa imanza zaba zifite icyo zigisha kandi zaba
icyitegererezo mu gukemura ibibazo bisa. Gifasha kandi
uwaba ashaka kubona urubanza mu ngeri runaka z’amategeko
atabanje gusoma urupapuro ku rundi rw’urubanza abonye.
Gitangazwa buri gihembwe n’Urwego rw’Ubutabera rurangajwe
imbere n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga. Gitegurwa na Komite igizwe
n’abahagarariye inkiko zose z’ u Rwanda, Ubugenzuzi
bw’Inkiko na serivisi y’ubushakashatsi mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga.
Gitanganzwa ku nkunga y’umushinga w’Igihugu cy’Ubuholandi
ukorera mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, ugamije gutera inkunga ibikorwa
by’inkiko z’u Rwanda.
Aho icyegeranyo kibarizwa:

Repubulika y’ u Rwanda
Urukiko rw’Ikirenga
B.P: 2197 - Kacyiru/Kigali
Fax: (250) 517649
Tél gratuit: (+250) 3670
Tél:(250)582276
Email: info@supremecourt.gov.rw
Site Web: : www.supremecourt.gov.rw
Icyitonderwa
Icyegeranyo ntikigurishwa, gitangirwa ubuntu. Cyandikwa ku nkunga
y’umushinga w’Igihugu cy’Ubuholandi ukorera mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga
(PACT), ugamije gutera inkunga ibikorwa by’inkiko z’u Rwanda.
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Uburyo icyegeranyo gikoreshwa
Muri iki cyegeranyo, buri rubanza rubanzirizwa n’imirimo

yarukozweho, igaragaza urukiko rwaciye urubanza bwa nyuma,
ababuranyi, ikiburanwa, numero z’urubanza, itariki urubanza
rwasomeweho, amagambo mpine, ibyerekezo by’urukiko.
Hanyuma hagakurikiraho urubanza uko rwakabaye. Icyo
twasobanura ni amagambo mpine n’ibyerekezo by’urukiko.
Amagambo mpine:
Ni amagambo agaragaza mu buryo buhinnye ingeri y’amategeko
urubanza rubarizwamo n’ibibazo by’ibyenzi byakemuwe
n’umucamanza muri urwo rubanza. Ni indorerwamo itanga
igitekerezo ku ishusho y’urubanza cyangwa ku bibazo by’ingenzi
biruvugwamo bitabaye ngombwa ko rusomwa ijambo ku rindi.
Ibyerekezo by’urukiko:
Mu gukemura ikibazo runaka kigaragara mu rubanza, icyemezo
cy’umucamanza gifatwa nk’icyerekezo urukiko rufashe ku
kibazo rukemuye no ku bindi bibazo bisa ruzongera kuregerwa
cyangwa bizaregerwa inkiko ziri ku rwego rumwe cyangwa ku
nzego zo hasi. Akaba ari nayo mpamvu bivugwa ko imanza
zaciwe ari kimwe mu byifashishwa mu gukemura ibibazo
by’amategeko, nk’uko hifashishwa amategeko, ibitekerezo
byatangajwe n’impuguke mu mategeko, amahame rusange
y’amategeko, umuco n’ibindi.
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IRIBURIRO
Iyi nomero y’Icyegeranyo cy’Ibyemezo by’Inkiko ni iya

gatandatu kuva mu mwaka wa 2005 Urukiko rw’Ikirenga
rutangiye gahunda yo gutangaza imanza zatoranyijwe
kubera inyigisho zihatse; akaba kandi ari igitabo cya gatatu
gitangajwe muri uyu mwaka wa 2010.
Abacamanza ku nzego zitandukanye, abahagararira

n’abunganira abandi mu nkiko, abashinjacyaha n’
abanyamategeko mu nzego zitandukanye z’igihugu ndetse
n’abandi bantu bajya bifashisha amategeko, bakomeje
kutugaragariza ko iki cyegeranyo kibafasha mu mirimo
yabo cyangwa mu gukemura ibibazo by’amategeko bahura
nabyo.
Izindi nkiko zitari Urukiko rw’Ikirenga zatangiye kwitabira

birushijeho kohereza imanza zibona ubwazo zifite icyo
zakungura abifashisha ibyegeranyo by’imanza mu mirimo
yabo. Tukaba dokomeje gushishikariza inkiko zose
kohereza imanza zibona ko zifite inyigisho runaka yaba
icyitegererezo mu gukemura ibibazo bisa n’ibyo zakemuye.
Turasaba abasomyi b’iki cyegeranyo gutanga

ibitekerezo ku cyakorwa kugira ngo imanza zaciwe
zirusheho kuba igikoresho cyakwifashishwa mu buryo
burushijeho mu gukemura ibibazo by’amategeko. Bityo,
bagatangaza inyandiko zabo mu Kanyamakuru k’Urwego
rw’Ubucamanza.
Ku byerekeye iyi numero, turasangamo muri rusange imanza

11 zisaranganyijwe mu ngeri y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha
(imanza 2), iz’imbonezamubano (imanza 4 ), iz’ubucuruzi(
imanza 4 ) , no mu ngeri y’imanza z’umurimo (urubanza 1 ).
CYANZAYIRE Aloysie
Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga akaba na
Perezida w’Inama Nkuru y’Ubucamanza.
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ISHAKIRO
Amagambo mpine Urupapuro
1.IMANZA Z’INSHINJABYAHA - IMPAMVU NYOROSHYACYAHA - UBUSEMBURE
•IMPAMVU ZIKURAHO ICYAHA - UKWITABARA .....................................................1
2.IMANZA Z’INSHINJABYAHA - KUDAHINDURA IKIREGO KURWEGO

RW’UBUJURIRE
•AGACIRO K’IGIKORWA CYANGWA INYANDIKO YAKOZWE N’UTABIFITIYE

UBUBASHA MU RWEGO RW’IPEREREZA
•UKWIHA NO GUKORESHA IGIKORESHO CY’AKAZI MU NYUNGU BWITE
Z’UMUKOZI NTA RUHUSHYA RW’UMUKORESHA UBIFITIYE UBUBASHA
•UKUDASHOBOKA K’UBUFATANYACYAHA IGIHE ICYAHA BWARI
GUSHINGIRAHO KITEMEJWE N’URUKIKO...............................................................13
3.IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO – KUREKA IKIREGO NO KUREKA URUBANZA

(ITANDUKANIRO KU RUHARE RW’UREGWA)
•KUTAGENERWA INDISHYI K’UREGWA IYO UREGA ARETSE - IKIREGO ........29
4. IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO
•KUGURISHA IKINTU CY’UNDI NTA HESHABUBASHA
(PROCURATION)
•KUTABAHO K’UBUZIME BW’UBURENGANZIRA
BW’UWAZIMIYE KU MUTUNGO WE, HAGATI Y’ABO BASANGIYE
UMURYANGO...................................................................................................................37
5.IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO - GUSABA UBUTANE BISHINGIYE
KU MPAMVU Y' UBURWAYI BWO MU MUTWE BW’UMWE MU BASHAKANYE
IGIHE BIGARAGAYE KO ATAZAKIRA KUBERA KUTIVUZA..................................43
6.IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO - URUBANZA RUBANZIRIZA URUNDI -

KUTARUJURIRIRA RWONYINE
•KUBURANISHA BWA MBERE URUBANZA RUBANZIRIZA - URUNDI MU
RUKIKO RUKURU
•KUTABA IMPAMVU Y’UBUJURIRE MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA..........................47
7.IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI - KUTUBAHIRIZA IMINSI Y’UBUJURIRE

• UMUNSI FATIZO W’IBARA RY’IBIHE BY’UBUJURIRE
•KUTABANGOMBWA KUMENYESHWA IMIKIRIZE
Y’URUBANZA K’UMUBURANYI WITABIRIYE IBURANISHA
RYA NYUMA AKANARIMENYESHWAMO UMUNSI W’ISOMWA............................59
.
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8.IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI - UBURIGANYA MU GUTANGA UMUTUNGO
ABASHYINGIRANYWE BAHURIYEHO
•INGARUKA IYO UMUTUNGO ABASHYINGIRANYWE
BAHURIYEHO UTANZWE UMWE ADAHARI KANDI ATABIZI
•UMWENDA UFASHWE N’UMWE MU BASHAKANYE
UNDI ATABIZI ATARI KU MPAMVU ZO GUTEZA IMBERE URUGO .....................71
9.IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI - AMASEZERANO Y’UBWIKOREZI
• UBUBASHA BW’INKIKO BUSHINGIYE KU IFASI MU MANZA ZEREKEYE
AMASOSIYETE Y’UBUCURUZI N’AMATEGEKO AKURIKIZWA
• UBUZIME BW’UBURENGANZIRA BWO KUREGA BUSHINGIYE KU
MASEZERANO Y’UBWIKOREZI
• UBURENGANZIRA (MU BIREBANA N’IGIHE) BW’UWISHYURIYE NYIRI
AMAKOSA INDISHYI Y’UBWISHINGIRE KUGIRANGO NAWE YISHYURWE.
• INGARUKA ZO KWISHYUZA MU BIREBANA NO GUHAGARIKA UBUZIME
BW’IKIREGO...................................................................................................................87
10.IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI - AMASEZERANO Y’UBUGURE BW’IKINTU KIZWI
MU BWOKO BWACYO GUSA
• KUMVIKANA KU GICIRO CY’IKIGURISHWA KIZWI MU BWOKO BWACYO
GUSA - GUTAKARA KWACYO CYAMAZE KUMENYEKANA
• UKUDASAZA KW’IKIREGO GUTURUTSE KU GUTINDA KWANDIKA
URUBANZA BITEWE N’IMPAMVU ITIGOBOTORWA
• GUTANGA NO KWISHINGIRA ICYAGURISHIJWE NKA ZIMWE MU
NSHINGANO Z’UGURISHA
• GUKURURWA MU MPANZA NTA MPAMVU............................................................105
11.IMANZA Z’UMURIMO - UKUDASUBIRA INYUMA K’UMUSHAHARA UMUKOZI

YARI AGEZEHO
• IBIRARANE BIKOMOKA KU GUHEMBWA UMUSHAHARA BASUBIJE
INYUMA
• KUBARA IMPEREKEZA (igihe zirenze izo umuburanyi asaba).
• KUTITIRANYA NO KUTABANGIKANYA INDISHYI ZIGENERWA USEZEREWE
KU KAZI, N’IMPEREKEZA ZIGENERWA USHYIZWE MU KIRUHUKO
CY’IZABUKURU.
• GUKERERWA GUTANGA IMPEREKEZA (INDISHYI ZAKWA).
• ISHIMWE RISHINGIYE KU MUSARURO W’IKIGO NO KU MANOTA
Y’UMUKOZI (ibisabwa kugira ngo ritangwe)..................................................................129
IMANZA Z’INSHINJABYAHA
N° Y’URUBANZA: RPA 0263/08/CS IMANZA Z’INSHINJABYAHA
1. URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
N° Y’URUBANZA: RPA 0263/08/CS
ITARIKI Y’URUBANZA: 05/03/2010
HABURANA: UBUSHINJACYAHA / NDAGIJIMANA Viateur
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’INSHINJABYAHA– IMPAMVU NYOROSHYACYAHA
– UBUSEMBURE
IMPAMVU ZIKURAHO ICYAHA - UKWITABARA
IBIBAZO BY’AMATEGEKO BYAGARAGAJWE

- Ibyaha by’ubugome n’ibyaha bikomeye bitubywa gusa iyo ababikoze
basembuwe bakorerwa urugomo, bakubitwa, cyangwa bahutazwa
bikomeye kandi ako kanya.
- Byitwa kwitabara kandi nta cyaha kiba kiriho, cyaba icy’ubugome

cyangwa igikomeye, mu gihe bibaye ngombwa kwica umuntu,
kumukomeretsa cyangwa kumukubita muri ako kanya ugira ngo
urokore ubuzima bwawe cyangwa ubw’undi. Ntibiba bikiri ukwitabara
iyo uburyo cyangwa imbaraga bikoreshejwe ugira ngo urokore
ubuzima bwawe cyangwa ubw’undi, birengeje kure ubwakoreshejwe
n’uwahohotewe, cyangwa iyo uwitabara yagize umwanya wo
gutekereza ku cyo yakoraga.
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URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA, RURI I KIGALI,

RUHABURANISHIRIZA MU RUHAME IMANZA Z’INSHINJA-
BYAHA, RUHAKIRIJE URUBANZA RPA 0263/08/CS NONE
KUWA 05/03/2010 MU BURYO BUKURIKIRA:
HABURANA :UBUSHINJACYAHA
NA
• UREGWA : NDAGIJIMANA Viateur (wajuriye): mwene
Ngirababyeyi na Ushizimpumu , wavutse mu w’1981,
utuye Ruhunde – Mpembe – Rusenyi - Kibuye muri
Repubulika y’u Rwanda, ni umunyarwanda, ingaragu,
umuhinzi, nta kindi cyaha yigeze akurikiranwaho,
ubu afungiye by’agateganyo muri Gereza Nkuru ya
Cyangugu.
• ICYAHA GIKURIKIRANYWE
Kuba ari ahantu havuzwe haruguru , ku itariki 16/08/2004

hagati ya saa moya n’igice , yarateye grenade yica umwana
witwa NIYOGISUBIZO Emerence ndetse akomeretsa abantu
bane aribo NYIRANSENGIMANA Sophie, NYIRANEZA Yuliya,
KAREMANGINGO na NTIFASHWE, ibyaha biteganywa kandi
bigahanishwa ingingo ya 310, 312 CPLII n’iya 16 al.1 de la Loi
du 21/11/1964 portant régime des armes à feu.
IKIREGERWA MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA

Kujuririra urubanza N° RP 0133/06/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko
Rukuru, Urugereko rwa RUSIZI kuwa 29/09/2008.
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URUKIKO :
I. IMITERERE Y’ URUBANZA
(1). Kuwa 16/8/2004 Ngendandumwe yashyikirije

Ubugenzacyaha ikirego arega Ndagijimana Viateur ko
yari amwishe akoresheje grenade, ngo intandaro ikaba
ari uko yatiye Nyandwi Thatien isitimu, ayimwimye
amukubita inshyi ebyiri, imirwano itangirira aho,
ahita atera grenade, ahusha abo yashakaga kwica,
ahubwo hapfa umwana witwa Niyogisubizo Emerence,
hakomereka abantu bane, aribo Nyiransengimana
Sophie (umugore wa Ngendandumwe) Nyiraneza Yuliya,
Karemangingo na Ntifashwa. Ndagijimana ngo yari
yarasezerewe mu ngabo z’igihugu ariko asigarana iyo
grenade.
II. IMIGENDEKERE Y‘URUBANZA

a. Mu Rukiko Rukuru
(2). Nyuma y’iperereza ry’ibanze , Ubushinjacyaha bwareze
NDAGIJIMANA mu Rukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Rusizi,
urubanza ruburanishwa mu ruhame kuwa 28/8/2008 ,
Ndagijimana Viateur aburana yemera icyaha agisabira
imbabazi, asobanurira Urukiko ko koko mu ijoro ryo
kuwa 15/8/2004 yishe umwana witwa Niyogisubizo
Emerence, akomeretsa n’abantu bane akoresheje
grenade.
(3). Yasobanuye ariko ko atabishakaga ngo kuko
yirwanagaho bitewe n’uko yarwanye n’uwitwa Vianney
mu kabari n’abandi bari kumwe banywa inzoga; avuga
ko iyo grenade yari yarayibagiriwe mu rugo igihe yari
akiri umusirikare muri Brigade ya 301 mu mwaka wa
2003, ngo asezerewe ntiyahita ayisubiza kuko yari
amaze amezi atatu asezerewe, ko yayiteye agira ngo
abantu nibayumva bahunge kuko bari bamumereye
nabi;
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(4). Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza n° RP 0133/06/

HC/RSZ kuwa 29/09/2008, rwemeza ko Ndagijimana
Viateur ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi n’icyo gutunga
intwaro mu buryo butemewe, rumuhanisha igihano
cy’igifungo cya burundu.
b. Mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga
(5). Ndagijimana ntiyishimiye imikirize y’Urubanza,

ayijuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, ubujurire bwe
bukaba bwarakorewe ibanzirizasuzuma, umucamanza
ubishinzwe yemeza ko ubwo bujurire bwakozwe
mu buryo n’inzira bikurikije amategeko, rero bukaba
bugomba kwakirwa bugasuzumwa.
(6). Itegeko n°0076/09/RP rya Perezida w‘Urukiko rw`Ikirenga

ryo kuwa 23/09/2009 ryashyize umunsi w`iburanisha
ry‘urubanza kuwa 26/10/2009, uwo munsi ugeze,
NDAGIJIMANA aritaba yiburanira, Ubushinjacyaha
buhagarariwe na MUTAYOBA Alphonse. Uwo munsi ariko
urubanza ntirwaburanishijwe bitewe n’urundi rubanza
rwaburanishijwe kuva mu gitondo kugeza nimugoroba,
bituma iburanisha ryimurirwa kuwa 20/01/2010. Uwo
munsi warageze, NDAGIJIMANA aritaba yiburanira,
Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na NGARAMBE Raphaël.
i. Ingingo z’ubujurire za NDAGIJIMANA
(7). NDAGIJIMANA yasobanuye ko hari umwanzuro

wanditse yari yashyikirije Urukiko, ariko akaba yifuza ko
hakurikizwa ibyo avugira mu Rukiko, bitewe n’uko yasaga
n’utemera icyaha, ubu akaba yifuza kuburana yemera
icyaha kugirango asabe imbabazi, igihano cya burundu
yahawe kigabanywe, akaba yibaza impamvu yahawe
icyo icyo gihano kandi yaremeraga icyaha nta gahato,
ndetse n’Ubushinjacyaha.bukaba bwari bwamusabiye
kugabanyirizwa ibihano.
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(8). Ku bijyanye n’uko ibintu byagenze, yavuze ko yagiye mu

kabari k‘umudamu witwa Nyirabugingo Sophie ajyanye
n’uwitwa MUHIRWA Manassé, banywa inzoga, bigeze
nka saa moya cyangwa saa mbiri, atira itoroshi uwitwa
Nyandwi kugirango ajye kuri W.C, uyu arayinyima,
bimutera umujinya, amukubita inshyi 2, noneho uwitwa
Vianney aba amusingiriye mu ijosi amugarika hasi, haza
n’abandi bantu baramufasha bamukuramo 60.000 Frw.
(9). Ngo yabonye bamumereye nabi, arataka abantu

baratabara, ashobora gucika abamukubitaga, ajya
kwihisha mu nzu yabagamo bakomeza gutera amabuye
ku mabati yayo, banahonda urugi bashaka kuruca,
abona ko nibamusangamo baramugirira nabi, afata
grenade yari afite, arayitera kugira ngo bagende. Amaze
kuyitera, ngo babandi barirukanse, ariko grenade ifata
umwana witwa Emerance arapfa ikomeretsa n’uwo
mudamu Nyirabugingo Sophie.
(10). NDAGIJIMANA yasobanuye kandi ko impamvu yari

atunze iriya grenade ari uko yari amaze amezi atatu
avuye mu gisirikare, akaba yararwanaga muri Congo,
icyo gihe iyo batahaga batahanaga intwaro babaga
bafite ; ko ariko yagombaga kuzayisubiza, akaba
yarabibujijwe n’uko yari ahugiye mu bwubatsi.
ii. Icyo Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ku ngingo

z‘ubujurire
(11). Umushinjacyaha yavuze ko NDAGIJIMANA yakoze

icyaha yakigambiriye nk’umuntu wabaye umusirikare,
akaba yarateye grenade kandi azi neza ingaruka zayo.
Yakomeje avuga ko NDAGIJIMANA ashaka kuburanisha
ko yitabaraga, nyamara bigaragara ko atariko byagenze,
kuko yakoresheje ingufu zirenze izo abandi bakoresheje.
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(12). Umushinjacyaha yavuze ariko nanone ko, akurikije

ubuhamya bwa Muhirwa Vianney n’ubwa Nyiraneza
Julie, asanga harabayeho ubusembure (provocation),
akaba asaba Urukiko ko, mu kugabanyirizwa ibihano
uregwa rwakurikiza ingingo ya 79 y’Igitabo cy’amategeko
ahana, ariko rukanareba ko hakozwe ibyaha bibiri: icyo
kuba NDAGIJIMANA yari atunze intwaro binyuranyije
n’amategeko n’icyo kwica
(13). Iburanisha ryarasojwe, urukiko rutangaza ko isomwa

ry’urubanza rizaba kuwa 12/02/2010, ariko uwo munsi
ntirwasomwa kubera ko hari hakiri ibikigibwaho impaka,
isomwa ryimurirwa kuwa 05/03/2010, nyuma ruriherera
ruruca mu buryo bukurikira :
III. IBIGOMBA GUSUZUMWA
(14). Ikibazo kigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni

ukumenya niba NDAGIJIMANA yarateye grenade akica
umwana witwa NIYOGISUBIZO Emerence ndetse
agakomeretsa n’abandi bantu agamije kwitabara nk’uko
abiburanisha, cyangwa se niba yarasembuwe nk’uko
bivugwa n’Ubushinjacyaha, kugirango harebwe niba
yagabanyirizwa ibihano.
• Ku bijyanye no kwitabara
(15). Ku bijyanye no kwitabara, ingingo ya 337 y’igitabo

cy’amategeko ahana iteganya ibikurikira: „Nta cyaha kiba
kiriho, ari icy’ubugome cyangwa gikomeye, mu gihe bibaye
ngombwa muri ako kanya kwica umuntu, kumukomeretsa
no kumukubita ugirango urokore ubuzima bwawe cyangwa
ubw’undi”.
(16). Hakurikijwe uko ibintu byagenze nk’uko NDAGIJIMANA

yabisobanuye imbere y’Umugenzacyaha, imbere
y’Umushinja-cyaha ndetse n’imbere y’Urukiko rubanza,
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amaze kurwana n’uwitwa Vianney na bene wabo wa

NYANDWI, yagiye iwe mu nzu, azana grenade, arayibatera,
gusa ngo ifata abandi bantu atari yarwanye nabo. Ibyo kandi
ni nako bisobanurwa n’abatangabuhamya babajijwe muri
iyi dosiye barimo MUHIRWA Vianney na NYIRANEZA Julie.
(17). Mu buhamya bwatanzwe na MUHIRWA Vianney,

uyu yasobanuye ko intandaro yo gutera grenade ari
uko NDAGIJIMANA yatiye isitimu uwitwa NYANDWI,
ayimwimye atangira kumukubita, bahita babakiranura,
ariko umudamu witwa Sophie ajya guhuruza benewabo
wa Nyandwi, ari bwo bazaga bagakubita NDAGIJIMANA
bamuhuriyeho bose. Ngo yirukiye iwe, bagumya kumutera
amabuye ndetse bashaka no kumusenyera inzu.
Byatumye rero ngo afata grenade ahita ayitera, ari bwo
yakomeretsaga abantu.
(18). Uwitwa NYIRANEZA Julie wakomerekejwe na grenade,

nawe igihe yatangaga ikirego imbere y’umushinjacyaha,
yasobanuye ko NDAGIJIMANA yarimo kurwana n’abandi
basore bari basinze, baterana amabuye, noneho ngo
ajya mu rugo, atora grenade, arayitera ibasanga mu nzu
irabakomeretsa.
(19). Hakurikijwe imiburanire ya NDAGIJIMANA muri uru

Rukiko, n’ubuhamya bumaze kuvugwa, Urukiko rurasanga
bigaragara ko uregwa yafashe umwanya wo gutekereza
bihagije ku gikorwa yari agiye gukora cyo kwica abantu
akoresheje intwaro yica (grenade), akaba atarabikoze muri
ako kanya yakubitwaga nk’uko bivugwa mu ngingo ya 337
y’igitabo cy’amategeko ahana yavuzwe haruguru, bityo
rero ibyo kwitabara aburanisha bikaba nta shingiro bifite.
(20). Ikindi, nk’uko bisobanurwa n‘umuhanga mu mategeko

witwa Annie BEZIZ-AYACHE iyo witabara, ni ngombwa ko
uburyo bwakoreshejwe buba mu rugero rumwe n’ubwo
uwaguhohoteye yakoresheje. Uwo muhanga akavuga ko
8
iyo wakoresheje uburyo burengeje kure ubwakoreshejwe

n’uwaguhohoteye, icyo gihe ntiwaba ukivuga ko witabara
(l’exigence de la proportionnalité entre le moyen de
défense utilisé et la gravité de l’atteinte est une condition
fondamentale: la réaction à l’attaque doit être mesurée et
si elle est excessive, la justification est exclue“1.
(21). Ibi rero nabyo byongera kwerekana ko NDAGIJIMANA

adashobora kuburanisha ko yitabaraga mu gihe yakoresheje
imbaraga ziruta kure cyane iz’abamukubitaga, cyangwa
iz’abateraga amabuye ku nzu, agakoresha intwaro yica
(grenade), mu gihe abandi nta n’inkoni bari bafite.
• Ku bijyanye n‘ubusembure
(22). Umushinjacyaha yasabye ko, akurikije ubuhamya

bwa Muhirwa Vianney n’ubwa Nyiraneza Julie, asanga
NDAGIJIMANA yarasembuwe (provocation), asaba
Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano, hitabwa
ariko ko hakozwe n‘ibyaha bibiri: icyo kuba yari atunze
intwaro binyuranyije n’amategeko n’icyo kwica.
(23). Ku bijyanye n’ubwo busembure (provocation), ingingo

ya 79 y’Igitabo cy’amategeko ahana iteganya ko „ibyaha
by’ubugome n’ibikomeye bitubwa, iyo ababikoze
basembuwe bakubitwa cyangwa bahutazwa bikomeye“.
Naho ingingo ya 333 y’Igitabo cy’amategeko ahana
igateganya ko kwica umuntu, kumukomeretsa no
kumukubita bitubwa gusa iyo byasembuwe ako kanya
(immédiatement) n’urugomo rukomeye rugiriwe abantu
(violences graves).
1
Annie BEZIZ-AYACHE, Dictionnaire de droit pénal général et procédure
pénale, 3èdition enrichie et mise à jour, Editions Ellipses, 2005, p.163.
9
(24). Hasesenguwe ibiteganywa n’izo ngingo zombi, cyane

cyane ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 333, biragaragara ko igihe
abantu bari bamukurikiye aho yari yahungiye mu nzu ye,
bagatera amabuye, ndetse bagakubitagura ku rugi bashaka
kumwinjirana, ari ho NDAGIJIMANA yahise atera grenade
ako kanya ayerekeza aho abo avuga barimo kumugirira
urugomo bari baherereye.
(25). Ibi rero birerekana ko NDAGIJIMANA mu by’ukuri

yasembuwe, bikaba byamubera impamvu yo
kugabanyirizwa ibihano, nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 81
y’Igitabo cy’amategeko ahana iteganya ibikurikira
:« Iyo hagaragajwe impamvu zitubya ububi bw’icyaha:

- ku cyaha cyubugome gikwiranye n’igihano cyo kwicwa
cyangwa cyo gufungwa bunmdu, igihano kiragabanuka
kikaba igifungo kuva ku mwaka umwe kugeza kuli itanu;
- ku bindi byaha by».’bugome, igihano kiragabanuka kikaba
igifungo kuva ku mzei atandatu kugeza ku myaka ibili ;
- ku bindi byaha byubugome, igihano kiragabanuka, kikaba
igifungo kuva ku minsi umunana kugeza ku mezi atandatu ».

IV. UMWANZURO:
(26). Urukiko rurasanga hakurikijwe ibisobanuro byatanzwe

haruguru, nta kwitabara kwabayeho kuri NDAGIJIMANA,
ariko bikaba bigaragara ko habayeho ubusembure, bityo
rero uregwa akaba afite impamvu yatuma agabanyirizwa
ibihano.
V. ICYEMEZO CY‘URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA:
(27). RWEMEYE kwakira no gusuzuma ubujurire bwa

NDAGIJIMANA kuko bwaje mu buryo no mu nzira zubahirije
amategeko.
10
(28). RWEMEJE ko ubujurire bwe bufite ishingiro ku bijyanye

n’ubusembure.
(29). Rumuhanishije igifungo cy’imyaka itanu (5).
(30). RUVUZE ko urubanza yajuririye ruhindutse kuri bimwe.
(31). RUTEGETSE NDAGIJIMANA gutanga kimwe cya kabiri

cy’amagarama yose y’urubanza angana na 37.700 Frw
abariwemo 26.300 Frw yategetswe mu rubanza rwajuririwe,
ni ukuvuga ko agomba gutanga 18.850 Frw, atayatanga mu
gihe gitegetswe, agafungwa iminsi 10 y’ubugwatira-mubiri,
ayo mafaranga akava mu bye ku ngufu za Leta.
(32). RUTEGETSE ko ikindi cya kabiri cy’amagarama kingana

na 18.850 frw giherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.
RUKIJIJWE RUTYO KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME

NONE KUWA 05/03/2010, N’URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
RUGIZWE NA: NYIRINKWAYA IMMACULEE, PEREZIDA,
HATANGIMBABAZI FABIEN NA MUNYANGERI
NGANGO INNOCENT ABACAMANZA; BAFASHIJWE NA
MUKAMURENZI BEATRICE, UMWANDITSI W’URUKIKO.
NYIRINKWAYA IMMACULEE
PEREZIDA
HATANGIMBABAZI FABIEN MUNYANGERI N. INNOCENT

Umucamanza Umucamanza

MUKAMURENZI Béatrice
Umwanditsi w’Urukiko
11
12
N° Y’URUBANZA: RPA 0048/09/HCM IMANZA Z’INSHINJABYAHA
2. URUKIKO RUKURU RWA GISIRIKARE

N° Y’URUBANZA: RPA 0048/09/HCM
HABURANA: UBUSHINJACYAHA BWA GISIRIKARE na S/SGT
BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse na bagenzi be
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’INSHINJABYAHA-KUDAHINDURA IKIREGO KU

RWEGO RW’UBUJURIRE
AGACIRO K’IGIKORWA CYANGWA INYANDIKO YAKOZWE

N’UTABIFITIYE UBUBASHA MU RWEGO RW’IPEREREZA
UKWIHA NO GUKORESHA IGIKORESHO CY’AKAZI

MU NYUNGU BWITE Z’UMUKOZI NTA RUHUSHYA
RW’UMUKORESHA UBIFITIYE UBUBASHA
UKUDASHOBOKA K’UBUFATANYACYAHA IGIHE ICYAHA

BWARI GUSHINGIRAHO KITEMEJWE N’URUKIKO

- Mu iburanisha, umuburanyi ntashobora guhindura ikirego ababuranyi
bose batabyemeye, ikiburanwa ntigishobora guhindurwa na gato mu
rukiko rwajuririwe.
- Mu rwego rw’iperereza, igikorwa cyangwa inyandiko byakozwe

n’utabifitiye ububasha bifatwa nk’amakuru asanzwe; nta gaciro
bishobora guhabwa ngo bifatwe nk’ikimenyetso.
- Iyo umukozi atwaye igikoresho cyo ku kazi kugira ngo agikoreshe

mu nyungu ze bwite atabiherewe uburenganzira n’ababifitiye
ububasha, ariko nta mugambi afite wo kugitwara ngo acyegukane
burundu, ntibifatwa nk’igikorwa cy’ubujura cyangwa kunyereza,
bifatwa nk’ikosa ryo kwitwara nabi mu kazi (faute disciplinaire).
13
14
URUKIKO RUKURU RWA GISIRIAKRE RURI KU

CYICARO CY’URUKIKO RW’IBANZE RWA KIREHE KU
KARERE KA KIREHE MU NTARA Y’UBURASIRAZUBA,
RUHABURANISHIRIZA IMANZA Z’INSHINJABYAHA
MU RWEGO RW’UBUJURIRE,RWACIYE NONE KUWA
20/10/2009 URUBANZA RPA 0048/09/HCM MU BURYO
BUKURIKIRA:
HABURANA:
1.S/SGT BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse SENTAMA Emmanuel

Na
MUKANDEKEZI
Umunyarwanda wavukiye mu Karere ka Ruhango/ Intara
y’Amajyepfo mu mwaka w’1984, Umusirikare mu Ngabo z’u
Rwanda wabarizwaga muri TPT Bn, ingaragu ntacyo atunze
kizwi, utarigera akatirwa n’Inkiko ku buryo buzwi;
2. CPL SEMANZI Alexis mwene SEBUKWANGARI Stanis

Na
MUKANTAGARA Caustasie,
Umunyarwanda wavukiye mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo mu Karere
ka Nyanza mu mwaka w’1977, yashakanye na SIKUZALI
Odile bafitanye abana 03, Umusirikare mu Ngabo z’uRwanda
wabarizwaga muri J4 TPT Bn, ntacyo atunze kizwi, utarigera
akatirwa n’inkiko ku buryo buzwi;
3.CPL NGAMIJE Jean Bosco mwene BASANZIRE

Na
MUKAKALISA,
Umunyarwanda wavukiye Ngarama mu Karere ka Gatsibo mu
Ntara y’Uburasirazuba mu mwaka w’1976, yashakanye na
UMUTONI Nadine bafiatnye abana 03, Umusirikare mu Ngabo
z’u Rwanda ubarizwa muri 1st Div. atunze inzu n’imodoka imwe
akaba atarigera akatirwa n’inkiko ku buryo buzwi;
15
4.Civ.HABIMANA Damien (umwirondoro we ukaba utazwi)
5. Civ. NGIMBANYI Emile mwene RIBANJE Ignace

Na
NYIRANDIKUMWAMI Julienne,
Umunyarwanda wavukiye mu Karere ka Ruhango Intara
y’Amajyepfo mu mwaka w’1982, yashakanye na MUKESHIMANA
Helene bafitanye umwana umwe, ntacyo atunze kizwi
utarakatirwa n’inkiko ku buryo buzwi;
6.NDAGIJIMANA Jean de Dieu mwene HINDIRO Thomas

Na
NYIRAMACAMUNINI Adonia,
Umunyarwanda w’umuhinzi wavukiye iMpanga mu Karere ka
Kirehe Intara y’Uburasirazuba mu mwaka w’1978, yashakanye
na MUKANSANGA Julienne bafitanye abana batatu,
ntacyoatunze kizwi, utarakatirwa n’inkiko ku buryo buzwi;
7.Civ.ICYIMPAYE Desire mwene BITENDEGARA

Na
MUKANDOLI ,
Umunyarwanda wavukiye iKanzenze /Ruabavu mu NTara
y’Uburengerazuba mu mwaka w’1975, akaba ari umushiferi
ubarizwa mu Ntara y’Uburengerazuba mu Karere ka Nyabihu,
mu Murenge wa Jenda, yashakanye na NIYIBIZI, ntamwana
bafitanye, ntacyo atunze kizwi, utarakatirwa n’inkiko ku buryo
buzwi;
8.Civ NONO Gidioni mwene BYIRASANAHO Elisa

Na
MUKANKWAYA Phoibe,
Umunyarwanda wavukiye GAKUKURU muri Repubulika ya
Uganda mu mwaka w’1978, Umuhinzi ubarizwa mu Ntara
y’Uburasirazuba mu Karere ka Kirehe, Umurenge wa Mpanga,
yashakanye na NIYONSENGA bafitanye abana batatu, ntacyo
atunze kizwi utarakatirwa n’inkiko ku buryo buzwi;
16
9.Civ. HABUHAZI Jean Baptiste mwene NGIRABAREZI

Zephanie
Na
Marie,
Umunyarwanda wavukiye iKirehe Intara y’Uburasirzuba mu
mwaka w’1985, n’ingaragu afite abana batatu, ntacyo atunze
kizwi, utarakatirwa n’Inkiko ku buryo buzwi;
IBYAHA BAREGWA
Abamaze kuvugirwa imyirondoro baregwa kuba bamwe ari
gatozi abandi ar’ibyitso by’abandi, icyaha cyo kwiba ibikoresho
bya gisirikare nk’uko giteganywa n’ingingo ya 89,90,91 kandi
kigahanishwa ingingo ya 391 z’igitabo cy’amategeko ahana
ibyaha mu Rwanda;
IKIZA RY’URUBANZA MU RUHAME RYO KUWA 20/10/2009
I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA MU NCA MAKE:
1. Mu ijoro ryo kuwa 11/03/2009 rishyira iryo kuwa

12/03/2009, mu gihe cya munani z’ijoro, nibwo uwitwa S/
Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse afatanyije na Cpl SEMANZI
Alexis batwaye imodoka ya gisirikare kuyitundisha
ifumbire bakaza gufatwa muri ayo masaha bayipakiye;
II. IMIGENDEKERE Y’URUBANZA MU RUKIKO RUKURU

RWA GISIRIKARE
2. Urubanza rwatangirye mu Rukiko rwa Gisirikare,

Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare buregamo S/Sgt
BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse n’abo bafatanyije icyaha cyo
kwiba ibikoresho bya gisirikare maze mu guca urubanza
Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rwemeza ko icyaha cyo kwiba
ibikoresho bya gisirikare gihama S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU
Tharcisse na Cpl SEMANZI Alexis bityo rubahanisha
igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka itanu, abandi byitwa ko
bari bafatanyije muri icyo cyaha bagirwa abere;
17
3. S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse na Cpl SEMANZI Alexis

ntibishimiye imikirize y’uru rubanza maze barujuririra
mu mabaruwa yabo yo kuwa 23/07/2009 yakariwe
mu bwanditsi bw’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare kuwa
24/07/2009 dosiye yandikwa mu gitabo cy’ubujurire kuri
nº RPA0048/09/HCM, ariko n’ubushinjacyaha bukaba
bwarajuriye,mu ibaruwa y’ubujurire yo kuwa 11/08/2009
yageze mu bwanditsi bw’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare
kuwa 12/08/2009,maze Itegeko rya perezida w’Urukiko
rishyira iburanisha ry’uru rubanza ahakorewe icyaha kuwa
22/09/2009, uwo munsi ugeze ababuranyi bose bitabye,
Ubushinjacayaha buhagarariwe na Cpl MVUYEKURE
Theoneste, naho S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse, Cpl
SEMANZI Alexis na bagenzi babo bunganirwa bose
na Me SHEMA G.Charles, nyuma y’isozwa ry’imihango
y’iburanisha hemezwa ko imyanzuro imyanzuro
y’urubanza izasomerwa ahakorewe icyaha kuwa
20/10/2009;
4. Me SHEMA wunganira abaregwa yahawe umwanya
maze asaba ko umwe mubo yunganira ariwe
ICYIMPAYE Desire, habanza gusuzumwa uburyo
afunzwemo, kuko asanga afunzwe mu buryo butemewe
n’amategeko ku mpamvu z’uko Urukiko rwari rwamugize
umwere, ariko agakomeza gufungwa, uhagarariye
Ubushinjacyaha asabwe kugira icyo avuga kuri yo
nzitizi itanzwe n’uwanganira abaregwa, asubiza ko
nabo nk’ubushinjacyaha batazi buryo ki ICYIMPAYE
Desire afunzwemo ko Urukiko rwabisuzuma rukabifatira
umwanzuro. Urukiko rumaze kwiherera rwasanze koko
uyu ICYIMAPAYE Desire yaragizwe umwere ariko
akomeza gufungwa kandi n’ubushinjacyaha akaba
ariko bubibona, kubera iyo mpamvu rwemeza ko ahita
arekurwa, urubanza rurakomeza mu mizi yarwo.
5. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yahawe umwanya kugira
ngo asobanure ingingo z’ubujurire bwabwo, maze
atangira asaba ko inyito y’icyaha cyakozwe n’abasirikare
yahindurwa aho kuba icyaha cy’ubujura kikaba icyaha
cyo kurigisa (kunyereza)ibikoresho bya gisirikare, bityo
abasirikare bavugwa muri uru rubanza bagafatwa nka
18
gatozi naho abasivile bagafatwa nk’abyitso by’abasirikare

mu cyaha cyo kurigisa(kunyereza) ibikoresho bya
gisirikare giteganywa kandi kigahanishwa ingingo za
79,90,91,491,220 z’igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ibyaha
mu Rwanda;
6. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yakomeje asobanura ko
ingingo ya 491 igika cyayo cya 1 y’igitabo cy’amategeko
ahana ibyaha mu Rwanda, ihuza neza ibikorwa byakozwe
na S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse, Cpl SEMANZI Alexis,
Cpl NGAMIJE n’abasivili bafatanyije aribo civ NONO
Gideon, civ NDAGIJIMANA na civ HABUHAZI J.Baptiste
n’abandi baturage batabashije kwitaba ubutabera aribo
Civ NGIMBANYI na CIV HABIMANA, byo kuba abo
basivili barafashije S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse na Cpl
SEMANZI Alexis mu cyaha cyo kunyereza ibikoresho
bya gisirikare ubwo imodoka ya gisirikare yafashwe irimo
gutunda ifumbire.
7. Mu gusobanura imikorere y’icyaha, uhagarariye
Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko Cpl NGAMIJE J.Bosco ariwe
wahuje S/Sgt BIZIMINGU na Civ HABIMANA w’umucuruzi
nk’uko bigaragazwa n’inyandikomvugo iri kuri cote ya
50 muri dosiye, nyuma y’aho S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU yahise
abwira Cpl SEMANZI Alexis ko yashaka imodoka ikamyo
ya gisiriakre kubera ariwe wayitwaraga, barumvikana ngo
bayijyane kuyitundisha ifumbire ya civ HABIMANA, kandi
ibyo S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU na Cpl SEMANZI Alexis bakaba
bo barabyemeye muri iyo nyandikomvugo ndetse no mu
Rukiko bakaba barabyemeye, bityo ngo ubujurire bwabo
bukaba bushingiye ahanini ku kuba bamwe mu baregwa
barahanishijwe igihano gito abandi bakagirwa abere;
8. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yakomeje kubazwa
kugaragaza umugambi wo kurigisa imodoka ya gisrikare
mu gihe ibikorwa bigaragaza ko ikigendererwa kwari
ukuyikoresha mu gutumnda ifumbire, maze asubiza
k obo nk’ubushinjacyaha basanga icyaha cyakozwe
byari ukurigisa ibikoresho bya gisrikare byakozwe
n’abasirikare naho abasivili bakabibafashamo, kuri Cpl
NGAMIJE byumwihariko, umugambi we ugaragarira ku
19
nama yagiye atanga,kuba yarabahuje mu gihe abandi

bari mu kiruhuko;
9. Abajijwe ku gaciro kahabwa inyandikomvugo yakozwe
n’umuntu utabifitiye ububasha nk’umugenzacyaha ariyo
yakozwe na Major Thomas MPEZAMIHIGO iri kuri
cote 50, asubiza ko ibyo Urukiko arirwo rwabisuzuma
rukayiha agaciro cyangwa rukayirwambura,naho ku
ruhare rw’abasivili, n’uko aribo bashishikarije abasirikare
kugira ngo bazane imodoka yo gutunda ifumbire
kubera ko bari bemeranye ku giciro cy’amafaranga
300.000fr nk’uko bisobanurwa na Civ NGIMBANYI mu
nyandikomvugo ye ko agomba kwitwaza amafaranga
300.000fr kugira ngo bataza gufatwa, ariko ngo ayo
amaranga akaba yaragombaga guhabwa abashoferi
aribo S/Sgt BIZIMINGU na Cpl SEMANZI Alexis;
10. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yakomeje kubazwa uruhare
civ HABUHAZI yaba yaragize mu kunyereza cyangwa
kurigisa imodoka ya gisirikare, asubiza ko yari azi neza
ko ayo mafaranga agiye gutangwa kugira ngo imodoka
itaza gufatwa;
11. Me SHEMA ahwe umwanya, avuga ko amagambo
uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ninayo yavuzwe mu
rwego rwa mbere ku buryo atagaragaza neza umugambi
Civ HABUHAZI yaba yari afite mu gufasha abasirikare
kunyereza imodoka ya gisirikare, hashingiwe ku ngingo
ya 5 y’itegeko nº13/2004 ryerekeye imiburanishirize
y’imanza nshinjabyaha nndeste iya 1 niya 4 z’igitabo
cy’amategeko yerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza
z’imboneza mubano, ubucuruzi, umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi,
uko barekuye ICYIMPAYE bakanabikora kuri bariya
basivili bose bavuga ko bafatanyije n’abasirikare mu
cyaha cyo kunyereza ibikoresho bya gisirikare, ikindi
n’uko ikiburanwa kitakagombye guhindurwa mu rwego
rw’ubujuirire mu gihe kitaburanyweho mu rwego rwa mbere
hatabanje kubaho kubyumvikanaho n’abarebwa n’ikirego
nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 119 y’itegeko nº 13/2004
ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabaya,
kubera ko mu rwego rwa mbere Urukiko rwari rwaregewe
20
icyaha cy’ubujura bw’ikoresho bya gisirikare, none mu

bujurire Ubushinjacyaha bukaba bugihinduye bukavuga
ko ari icyaha cyo kuinyereza cyangwa kurigisa ibikoresho
bya gisirikare, kuba mu bimenyetso batanga ku ruhare
rwa Cpl NGAMIJE gishingiye gusa ku nyandiko yakozwe
na Major Thomas MPEZAMIHIGO iri ku cote ya 50 muri
iyi dosiye, na mbere hose barabibajijwe basubiza ko
Urukiko ruzabisuzuma,nyamara iyo nyandikomvugo ifite
n’inenge y’uko ntawe wayisinyeho nk’uko biteganywa
n’ingingo ya 14 y’itangwa ry’ibimenyetso;
12. Me SHEMA yakomeje asobanura ko S/Sgt
BIZIMINGU n’ubwo yasinye ku nyandiko mvugo, ariko
ubushinjacyaha bwakagombye kugaragaza ububasha
bwa Major Thomas MPEZAMIHIGO mu nyandikomvugo
yakoresheje abaregwa bose. Bityo abo yunganira
barimo S/Sgt BIZIMINGU na Cpl SEMANZI ikiigaragara
mu bisobanuro byabo ku bijyanye n’imikorere y’icyaha,
bemera ibikorwa by’uko batwaye imodoka ya gisirikare
batabifitiye uruhushya, bakaba banabisabira imbabazi,
ariko nat mugambi wo kuyirigisa cyangwa kuyinyereza
bari bafite, bityo akaba asanga bitakwitwa icyaha cyo
kunyereza ibikoresho bya gisrikare ahubwo ari amakosa
ya disipulini bakoze, cyane ko n’amavuta yakoreshejwe
ari ayo biguriye, ariko Urukiko ruramutse rusanze ari
icyaha cy’ubujura bakaba bagenerwa inyoroshyacyaha
hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 82,83,84 z’igitabo cy’amategeko
ahana, kubera ko baburanye kuva na mbere bemera
ibikorwa bigize icyaha banagisasabira imbabazi
hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 399 y’igitabo cy’amategeko
ahana ibyaha mu Rwanda, hahujwe n’ingingo ya 491,
igika cyayo cya 2;
13. Civ HABUHAZI ahawe umwanya ngo yisonaure ku
birego by’ubushinjacayaha, asubiza ko icyo azi n’uko
yari asanzwe ari umukozi wa civ HABIMANA Damien
bamupakiriraga, ubwo rero bari bagiye gupakira, bari I
NASHO imodoka bagiye gupakira basanga n’iyagisirikare;
14. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacayaha yanzuye asaba ko
Urukiko rwazaemeza ko S/Sgt BIZIMINGU na bagenzi
21
bahamwa n’icyaha cyo kunyereza cyangwa kurigisa

ibikoresho bya gisirikare maze rukabahana rushingiye ku
ngingo za 89,90,91 z’igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ibyaha
mu Rwanda
15. Me SHEMA wunganira abaregwa yanzuye avuga ko
yemeranya n’abo aregwa ku bijyanye n’ibikorwa bigize
icyaha, asanga babyemera ndeste bakanabisabira
imbabazi aribyo ukwitiza imodoka ya gisirikare
bayijyana mu nyungu zabo bwite, bityo bakagenerawa
inyoroshyacyaha ndetse n’isubika bihano kubera
ibibazo S/Sgt BIZIMINGU Tharcisse afite byo kurongora
umukobwa yasize ateye inda wabyaye ubu akaba adafite
umukurikirana,naho ku bijyanye n’ihindurwa ry’inyito
y’icyaha bisabwa n’Ubushinjacyaha asanga itahabwa
agaciro;
16. Mu kwanzura S/Sgt BIZIMINGU na bagenzi be bavuze
ko ntacyo bongera kubyavuzwe n’uwabunganiraga ariwe
Me SHEMA , bityo Urukiko rukabisuzumana ubushishozi
bwarwo rukabarenganura;
IBIBIBAZO BYASUZUMWE N’UKO URUKIKO

RUBIBONA
17. Urukiko rusanga ubujurire bw’ubushinjacyaha

bwakwakirwa bugasuzumwa kuko bwaje mu gihe no mu
buryo bikurikije amategeko;
18. Urukiko rusanga ubujurire bwA S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU
Tharcisse na bagenzi be baregwana bwakwakirwa
bugasuzumwa kuko bwaje mu gihe no mu buryo bikurikije
amategeko;
19. Urukiko rurasanga ubujurire bw’ubushinjacyaha
bushingira ku ngingo y’uko inyito y’icyaha yahindurwa
aho kuba ukwiba ibikoresho bya gisrikare ahubwo bikaba
ukurigisa cyangwa ukunyereza ibikoresho bya gisirikare,
nyamara bikaba bigaragara ko ari ingingo nshya ije mu
bujurire kandi itarigeze iburanwaho mu rwego rwa mbere
22
hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 4 igika cya 2 y’itegeko nº 18/2004

ryo kuwa 20/06/2004 nk’uko ryahinduwe rikanuzuzwa
kugeza ubu aho iteganya ko «mu iburanisha umuburanyi
ntsahobora guhindura ikirego ababuranyi bose
batabyemeye.Ikiburanwa ntigishobora guhindurwa
na gato mu Rukiko rwajuririwe », ikindi n’uko nanone
Ubushinjacyaha mu guhindura inyito y’icyaha bushingira
ku nyandikomvugo ya koreshejwe na MajorThomas
MPEZAMIHIGO utari ufite ububasha buteganywa
n’itegeko mu ngingo ya 4 y’itegeko nº20/2006 ihindura
ingingo ya 20 y’itegeko nº13/2004 ryo kuwa 17/05/2004
ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha
bityo inyandikomvugo ifite cote nº50 muri iyi dosiye
yakoreshejwe n’umuntu utari umugenzacyaha cyangwa
utabifitiye ububasha imvugo iyikubiyemo ikaba ifatwa
nk’amakuru asanzwe nta gaciro ishobora guhabwa ngo
ifatweho ukuri gushingirwaho nk’ikimenyetso;
20. Urukiko rurasanga S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse na Cpl
SEMANZI Alexis baratwaye imodoka ya gisrikare mu
nyungu zabo bwite batabiherewe uruhushya n’ubuyobozi
bwabo, kandi nabo ubwabo bakaba babyiyemerera ariko
nta mugambi wo kuyitwara ngo bayegukane burundu
bafite, bityo ibyo bikorwa bikaba bidahuza n’ibiteganywa
n’amategeko ku cyaha cy’ubujura cyangwa icyaha cyo
kunyereza ibikoresho bya gisirikare ahubwo bikaba
bigize ikosa rya disipuline;
21. Urukiko rusanga ibijyanye n’icyaha cyo kurigisa ibikoresho
bya gisirikare giteganywa n’ ingingo ya 491 mu gika
cyayo cya 1, itakoreshwa ku mpamvu z’uko igikorwa cyo
kurigisa kigomba kuzuzwa n’umugambi wo kwigarurira
no kwikubira ibyo bikoresho bikitirirwa ubujyanyenk’uko
bivugwa n’Umuhanga mu mategeko KINT Robert mu
gitabo cye cya Droit Penal Special ku rupapuro rw’114(pour
qu’il y ait soustraction il faut prendre, derober, enlever,
ravir, deplacer la chose d’autrui pour qu’elle passé de la
possession du legitime detenteur dans celle de l’auteur
du vol ou detournement), nyamara bikaba bigaragara ko
abaregwa batari bafite umugambi wo kurigisa imodoka
ya gisirikare kubera ko banafashwe bari muri gahunda yo
23
kuyicyura kandi ubushinjacayaha buakaba butarabashije

kugaragariza Urukiko ko abaregwa bari bafite umugambi
wo gutwara burundu iriya modoka ya gisirikare. Nti bya
kwitwa nanone icyaha cy’ubujura giteganywa n’igika
cya 2 cy’ingingo ya 491 y’amategeko ahana ibyaha mu
Rwanda kubera ko ibigize icyaha bituzuye(elements
constitutifs de l’infraction), bityo nta n’ubufatanyacyaha
bwashoboka haba mu cyaha cy’ubujura cyangwa cyo
kuligisa ibikoresho bya gigisirikare kuri Cpl NGAMIJE
J.Bosco n’abasivili HABUHAZI JBaptiste, HABIMANA
Damien, NGIMBANYI Emile na NONO Gedeon nk’uko
byavugagwa n’Ubushinjacyaha bamwe bubita ba gatozi
aribo abasirikare abandi ari ibyitso bidashoboka kubera
ko ibyo byaha nta nakimwe gihama abaregwa;
22. Urukiko rusanga abaregwa barajuririye ibihano binini
bakatiwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare mu rwego rwa mbere
nyamara baraburanye bemera icyaha, urukiko rwa
gisirikare rubahamya icyaha cy’ubujura bw’ibikoresho bya
gisirikare icyaha ubwacyo ukurikije ibikorwa byakozwe
kikaba kitarabayeho, bityo bakaba bataragombaga
guhanirwa icyaha kitariho, ahubwo ko icyakozwe ari
amakosa yo mu rwego rwa disipuline kubera ko ingingo
ya 396 y’igitabo cy’amategeko ahana ibyaha mu Rwanda
iteganya ko «Umuntu wese watwaye bujura ikintu
kitali icye,aba akoze icyaha cyo kwiba»;
ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO
23. Urukiko rwemeye kwakira ubujurire bw’Ubushinjacyaha

rubusuzumye rusanga nata shingiro bufite;
24. Rwemeje kwakira ubujurire bwa S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU
Tharcisse, Cpl SEMANZI Alexis rubusuzumye rusanga
bufite ishingiro;
25. Rwemeje ko icyaha cyo kunyereza ibikoresho bya
gisirikare kidahama S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse, Cpl
SEMANZI Alexis, bityo bakaba batagomba kugihanirwa;
24
26. Rwemeje ko icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu kurigisa

ibikoresho bya gisirikare kidahama Cpl NGAMIJE
J.Bosco, civ HABUHAZI JBaptiste, civ NDAGIJIMANA
Jean de Dieu, civ NGIMBANYI Emile na Civ HABIMANA
Damien kitabahama bakaba batagomba kugihanirwa;
27. Urukiko rukijije ko S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse, Cpl
SEMANZI Alexis, Cpl NGAMIJE JBosco, civ HABUHAZI
JBaptiste, civ NDAGIJIMANA Jean de Dieu, civ
NGIMBANYI Emile na Civ HABIMANA Damien batsinze
28. Urukiko rukijije ko imikirize y’ urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko
rwa Gisirikare ku birebana n’ibyemezo bireba gusa S/
Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse na Cpl SEMANZI Alexis
ihindutse ariko ku birebana na Cpl NGAMIJE JBosco,
civ HABUHAZI JBaptiste, civ NDAGIJIMANA Jean de
Dieu, civ NGIMBANYI Emile na Civ HABIMANA Damien
idahindutse;
29. Urukiko rutegetse ko S/Sgt BIZIMUNGU Tharcisse na
Cpl SEMANZI Alexis bahita bafungurwa uru urubanza
rukimara gusomwa;
30. Urukiko rutegetse ko amagarama y’uru rubanza aherera
ku isanduku ya Leta;
N’URUKIKO RUKURU RWA GISIRIKARE RURI KU CYICARO
CY’URUKIKO RW’IBANZE RWA KIREHE NONE KUWA
20/10/2009 INTEKO IGIZWE NA CAPT ANATOLE NSABIMANA
(PEREZIDA), LT CLAUDE KABERUKA NA S/SGT SHINGIRO
VICTOR (ABACAMANZA) BAFASHIJWE NA 2LT JEAN DE DIEU
RUTAYISIRE (UMWANDITSI W’URUKIKO)
PEREZIDA
Capt Anatole NSABIMANA
UMUCAMANZA UMUCAMANZA
S/Sgt SHINGIRO Victor Lt Claude KABERUKA
UMWANDITSI
2Lt Jean de Dieu RUTAYISIRE
25
IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO
N° Y’URUBANZA: RCAA 0078/09/CS – 0021/09/CS IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO
N° Y’URUBANZA: RCAA 0078/09/CS – 0021/09/CS
HABURANA: UWIMANA Auréa / Succession KANYANDEKWE
Saïdi
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO – KUREKA IKIREGO

NO KUREKA URUBANZA (ITANDUKANIRO KU RUHARE
RW’UREGWA)
KUTAGENERWA INDISHYI K’UREGWA IYO UREGA ARETSE

IKIREGO
- Umuburanyi uretse ikirego aba yiyambuye burundu uburenganzira

bwo kuzongera kurega, kandi ntibisaba ko uwo baburana abyemera.
Bitandukanye no kureka urubanza, aho urega amara kururegera
hanyuma akareka kuruburana, uwo yaregaga akabyemera. Byo nta
ngaruka bigira ku iremezo ry’urubanza, uburenganzira bwo kurega
bugumaho.
- Mu rubanza, umuburanyi agomba kugaragaza ishingiro ry’ibyo

aburana.
- Iyo urega aretse ikirego nk’uko amategeko abimwemerera, uregwa

ntagenerwa indishyi zikomoka ku gusiragizwa, keretse iyo nawe yari
yaratanze imyanzuro agira ibyo aregera.
29
URUKIKORW’IKIRENGARURIIKIGALI,RUHABURANISHIRIZA
IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO, RUKIJIJE MU RUHAME
KUWA 19/3/2010 URUBANZA N° RCAA 0078/09/CS-0021/09/
CS MU BURYO BUKURIKIRA:
HABURANA
UWIMANA Auréa, wajuriye: mwene BUBANJE na

NUMUKOBWA utuye Muhima, Nyarugenge, mu Mujyi wa
Kigali wunganirwa na Me KAYITARE Serge.
NA
Succession KANYANDEKWE Saïdi ihagarariwe na Jyuma

utuye muri Quartier Commercial mu rupangu ruburanwa,
Akagali ka Nyarugenge, Umurenge wa Nyarugenge.
IKIREGERWA: Kujuririra icyemezo cy’ibanzirizasuzuma

N°RCIV 0068/09/PRE-EX/CS cyo kuwa 26/08/2009.
I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA
[1].Muri uru rubanza, Uwimana Auréa uhagarariye Succession

Numukobwa Josephine aburanamo na Kanyandekwe isambu
n’amazu abiri ni uko amasezerano y’impano ya parcelle n°
150 ya plan cadastral y’umujyi wa Kigali n’inyubako zirimo,
byahawe Kanyandekwe, yavanwaho.
[2].Urukiko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwaciye urubanza RC

25925/96-RC 28807/98 kuwa 03/4/2003, rwemeza ko inzu
iri muri parcelle n°150 Nyarugenge ari iya Kanyandekwe
Saidi, ko amasezerano y’impano (donation) yakozwe
na Mukabaziga Zaina kuri iyo nzu atavuyeho; rukiza ko
succession Numukobwa ihagarariwe na Uwimana itsinzwe.
[3].Uwimana yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire

rwa Kigali kuwa 29/8/2003, nyuma y’ivugurura ry’Inzego
31
z’Ubucamanza, urubanza rwimurirwa mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa

Kigali rwaciye urubanza n° RCA 0895/06/HC/KIG, rwemeza
ko nta mpamvu n’imwe y’ubujurire yatuma urubanza RC
25925/96-RC 28807/98 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Mbere
rw’Iremezo rwa Kigali ruhinduka ; rukiza ko Succession
Numukobwa itsinzwe, UWIMANA Auréa akishyura
succession KANYANDEKWE 150.000 Frw y’indishyi.
IMIGENDEKERE Y’URUBANZA MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
[4].Uwimana ahagarariwe na Me Kayitare yajuririye urwo

rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, ubujurire bwe bwakirwa
mu Bwanditsi kuwa 03/04/2009, ikirego gihabwa n° RCAA
0021/09/CS.
[5].Ubujurire bwakorewe ibanzirizasuzuma, umucamanza

afata icyemezo n°R CIV 0068/09/PRE-EX/CS kuwa
26/09/2009, yemeza ko ubujurire bwa UWIMANA Auréa
uhagarariye abazungura ba NUMUKOBWA Joséphine
butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kuko mu
nyandiko itanga ikirego yo kuwa 03/4/2009 nta gaciro
k’ikiburanwa kagenwe na nyakwigendera NUMUKOBWA,
kandi hakaba nta gaciro k’inzu zivugwa kemejwe
n’umucamanza kangana cyangwa karenze amafaranga
20.000.000 Frw.
[6].Uwimana Auréa yamenyeshejwe icyo cyemezo kuwa

24/9/2009, akijuririra kuwa 07/10/2009, ikirego cye gihabwa
n° RCAA 0077/09/CS, akaba avuga ko umucamanza
yemeje ko ubujurire bwe butari mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko
ngo nyamara yaranditse mu kirego cye cy’ubujurire ko
haburanwa parcelle N° 150 yubatswemo inzu y’ubucuruzi
n’izindi zifite agaciro karenze kure 20,000,000 frw, ko
rero ubujurire bwe bwubahirije ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya
43,7° y’Itegeko–Ngenga rigena imikorere, imitunganyirize
n’ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga.
32
[7].Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yafashe itegeko n°

0006/2010 kuwa 25/01/2010 rishyira iburanisha ry’uru
rubanza kuwa 18/02/2010, uwo munsi ugeze, ababuranyi
baritaba, Me KAYITARE ahagarariye UWIMANA Auréa,
Me NDAGIJIMANA Emmanuel ahagarariye Succession
KANYANDEKWE.
[8].Nyuma yo gusomerwa raporo y’urubanza n’Umucamanza

waruteguye, Me KAYITARE yahawe umwanya
ngo asobanure impamvu z’ubujurire ku cyemezo
cy’Ibanzirizasuzuma, ahita avuga ko noneho yemeranya
n’icyemezo cy’ibanzirizasuzuma n’ibyo Umucamanza
yashingiyeho, akaba rero avanyeho ubujurire mu izina
ry’uwo ahagarariye.
[9].Me NDAGIJIMANA nawe yahawe umwanya wo kugira icyo

abivugaho, avuga ko kuba uwo baburana aretse ubujurire
bifite ishingiro, kuko Icyemezo cy’ibanzirizasuzuma
gikurikije amategeko, ariko asaba ko Uwimana yakwishyura
igihembo cy’avoka wiyambajwe zingana na 150,000 frw
kubera kumukurura mu manza nta mpamvu «abus de
procédure».
[10].Me KAYITARE yavuze ko mu gihe ubujurire butasuzumwe

kuko yabukuyeho, nta kindi cyabwuririraho ngo gisuzumwe,
bityo ngo Urukiko rukaba ntaho rwahera rumwemerera
indishyi asaba.
[11].Me NDAGIJIMANA, yavuze ko nawe yemeranya n’icyemezo

cy’ibanzirizasuzuma, ariko ko atemeye ivanwaho ry’ubujurire
adahawe indishyi kandi harabaye kumukurura mu manza
nta mpamvu.
[12].Me KAYITARE yavuze ko hakurikijwe ingingo ya 21

y’Itegeko N° 18/2004 ryo kuwa 20/2004 ryerekeye
imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano,
iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, kugirango kureka
33
ikirego k’umuburanyi byemerwe bidasaba ko uwo aburana

nawe abyemera cyangwa abyanga, bityo ngo izo ndishyi
Me NDAGIJIMANA asaba akaba atazihabwa kuko itegeko
ritabimwerera.
[13].Me NDAGIJIMANA yavuze ko, kureka ikirego ku

rubanza rugeze mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga bidashoboka,
keretse iyo urubanza rugitangira hashingiwe ku ngingo
ya 131 y’Itegeko N° 18/2004 ryo kuwa 20/2004 rivuzwe
haruguru, naho ku rwego rw’uru Rukiko bikaba byashoboka
ari uko undi muburanyi abyemeye.
[14].Me KAYITARE yavuze ko itegeko mugenzi we yiyambaje

rivuga ko umuburanyi ashobora kwiyaka ububasha bwo
kuburana, ariko ko ritavuga ibirebana n’uburenganzira
bw’umuburanyi bwo kureka ikirego, ko rero muri ubwo
buryo, mu gihe Urukiko rutaburanshije ubujurire, mugenzi
adafite aho yakuririra ngo asabe igihembo cy’a Avoka, ko
ahubwo ashobora yazabikurikirana nyuma.
[15].Urukiko rwashoje iburanisha, rumenyesha ababuranyi ko

urubanza ruzasomwa kuwa 19/03/2010, ruriherera ruruca
mu buryo bukurikira :
III. BYASUZUMWE N’URUKIKO N’UKO RUBIBONA
[16].Mu nyandiko y’’Ubujurire UWIMANA yashyikirje uru Rukiko,

yasabaga ko icyemezo cy’ibanzirizasuzuma cyahindurwa
hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 43-7° y’Itegeko-Ngenga N° 01/2004
ryo kuwa 29/01/2004 rigena imitunganyirize, imikorere
n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, kuko asanga ikiburanwa
gifite agaciro karenze 20,000,000 frw.
[17].Mu iburanisha ariko Me KAYITARE umuhagarariye

yabwiye uru Rukiko ko avanyeho ubwo bujurire kuko
asanga icyemezo cy’Ibanzirizasuzuma cyasabirwaga
guhindurwa gikurikije amategeko.
34
[18].Ukureka ikirego Me KAYITARE asaba, yaje gusobanura

ko ari uguteganywa n’ingingo ya 21 y’itegeko N° 18/2004
ryo kuwa 20/6/2004 ryavuzwe haruguru, isobanura ko
«umuburanyi aba yiyambuye burundu uburenganzira bwo
kuzongera kurega, kandi ko bidasaba ko uwo baburana
abyemera», bikaba rero bitandukanye n’ukureka urubanza
guteganywa mu ngingo ya 131 y’iryo tegeko igira iti: “Urega
aba aretse urubanza iyo amaze kururegera hanyuma
akareka kuruburana, uwo yaregaga akabyemera. Nta
ngaruka bigira ku iremezo ry’urubanza, uburenganzira
bwo kurega bugumaho ku buryo umuntu ashobora no
kongera kurega”.
[19].Umuhanga mu mategeko Jean Vincent, nawe asobanura

ko ukureka ikirego bitagombera kwemera k’uregwa, mu
gihe uyu atagize nawe ibyo aregera (Le désistement
d’action, en principe, n’a pas besoin d’étre accepté par
l’adversaire, car celui-ci n’a pas d’interet à l’empecher…, il
en est autrement quand l’adversaire a formé une demande
reconventionelle…)2.
[20].Mu gihe Me KAYITARE avuga ko avanyeho ubujurire, mu

nzira yo kureka ikirego (désistement d’action) ashingiye
ku ngingo ya 21 y’Itegeko n°18/2004 ryo kuwa 20/06/2004
ryavuzwe haruguru, uwo baburana avuga ko kureka
ikirego ku rwego rw’ubujurire bidashoboka, ko bikorwa
gusa iyo urubanza ruri ku rwego rwa mbere. Ibyo Me
NDAGIJIMANA avuga ariko ntabigaragariza ishingiro ku
bw’amategeko, akaba aterekana aho ahera yemeza ko
kureka ikirego ku rwego rw’ubujurire byaba bibujijwe.
[21].Urukiko rurasanga rero ukureka ikireko kwa UWIMANA

kugomba kwakirwa, bitanagombye ko uwo baburana
abyemera.
2
Jean Vincent, Procédure Civile, 18ème Edition, p. 999, n°768 bis, paragr.2.
35
[22].Ku byerekeye indishyi Me NDAGIJIMANA asaba, zo kuba

yarasiragijwe mu Rukiko (abus de procédure), Urukiko
rurasanga ntaho rwahera ruzigena, mu gihe rutasuzumye
urubanza biturutse ku ukureka ikirego cy’uwaregaga
nk’uko amategeko abimwemerera, kandi uwaregwaga nta
myanzuro yatanze igira ibyo nawe aregera.
IV. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO
[23]. Rwemeye ukureka ikirego cy’ubujurire kwa UWIMANA

Auréa ku cyemezo cy’ibanzirizasuzuma N° R.CIV 0068/09/
PRE-EX/CS cyo kuwa 26/08/2009.

[24]. Ruvuze ko nta gihindutse ku rubanza rwajuririwe
N° RCA 0895/06/HC/KIG.
[25]. RUTEGETSE UWIMANA Auréa gutanga amagarama

y’uru rubanza angana na 46,350FRW, atayatanga mu
gihe cy’iminsi 15 agakurwa mu bye ku ngufu za Leta.
RUKIJIJWE RUTYO KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME KUWA

19/3/2010 N’URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA RUGIZWE NA MUGENZI
LOUIS-MARIE: PEREZIDA, KAYITESI RUSERA EMILY NA
MUNYANGERI NGANGO INNOCENT: ABACAMANZA,
BAFASHIJWE NA MUSENGAMANA VIATEUR: UMWANDITSI
W’URUKIKO.
MUGENZI Louis-Marie
Perezida
(sé)
KAYITESI R.Emily MUNYANGERI N. Innocent
(sé) (sé)
MUSENGAMANA Viateur
(sé)
36
4. URUKIKO RWISUMBUYE RWA NYAMAGABE
N° Y’URUBANZA: RCA 0155/09/TGI/NYBE

HABURANA: KANYONGA Elisabeth/ ZIGIRA Vincent na bagenzi
be.
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO – KUGURISHA IKINTU

CY’UNDI NTA HESHABUBASHA (PROCURATION)
-KUTABAHO K’UBUZIME BW’UBURENGANZIRA
BW’UWAZIMIYE KU MUTUNGO WE, HAGATI Y’ABO
BASANGIYE UMURYANGO
- Igurisha ry’ikintu cy’undi ni impfabusa. Rishobora gutangirwa

indishyi iyo umuguzi atigeze amenya ko icyo kintu yaguze ari icy’undi.
- Hagati y’abagize umuryango umwe, nta buzime bw’uburenganzira

bubaho, iyo umuntu yazimiye, kabone n’iyo yamara igihe kirekire
cyane, aho yabonekera hose yakurikirana uburenganzira bwe
hakurikijwe amategeko mbonezamubano agenga umuryango.
37
38
39
40
41
42
N° Y’URUBANZA: RC 0140/08/TB/BWSHY IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO
5. URUKIKO RW’IBANZE RWA BWISHYURA

N° Y’URUBANZA: RC 0140/08/TB/BWSHY
HABURANA: MUKAMANA Elisabeth / NDATIMANA Cyprien
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO – GUSABA UBUTANE

BISHINGIYE KU MPAMVU Y’UBURWAYI BWO MU MUTWE
BW’UMWE MU BASHAKANYE IGIHE BIGARAGAYE KO
ATAZAKIRA KUBERA KUTIVUZA
- Kuba umwe mu bashyingiranywe yararwaye mu mutwe kandi

adashobora kunywa imiti ku buryo yatanga icyizere cyo kuzakira,
bigatuma atabana n’uwo bashakanye imyaka irenga itatu, bigaragaza
ko adafite ubushake bwo gukomeza amasezerano yasinye yo kubana
n’uwo bashakanye, bityo bigafatwa nk’imwe mu mpamvu z’ubutane
ziteganywa n’amategeko.
43
44
45
46
N° Y’URUBANZA: R.C.AA0030/08/CS IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO
N° Y’URUBANZA: R.C.AA 0030/08/CS
HABURANA: GATSINZI Marcel / MUKABARUNGI Julienne
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO – URUBANZA

RUBANZIRIZA URUNDI – KUTARUJURIRIRA RWONYINE
KUBURANISHA BWA MBERE URUBANZA RUBANZIRIZA

URUNDI MU RUKIKO RUKURU – KUTABA IMPAMVU
Y’UBUJURIRE MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
- Mu gihe cy’iburanisha ry’urubanza mu mizi, imanza zitegurira izindi

ni imanza zifatwamo ibyemezo by’agateganyo, bitegeka ko hagira
igikorwa mu rwego rwo kumurikira Urukiko, cyangwa ibyemezo
by’agateganyo bigira ibyo byemerera umuburanyi by’agateganyo
ariko nta kivuzwe ku mizi y’urubanza.
- Imanza zitegurira izindi ntizishobora kuba ndakuka ku birebana

n’urubanza mu mizi ; kandi ntizituma Urukiko rwaregewe rutakaza
ububasha bwarwo ku kiburanwa. Bityo, ntizijuririrwa igihe urubanza
remezo rukiburanishwa, zitegereza ko rurangira, kandi rikajuririrwa
hamwe.
- Kuba icyemezo cy’agateganyo cyarafatiwe bwa mbere mu Rukiko

Rukuru ntibyaba impamvu ihagije kugira ngo kibe cyafatwa
nk’urubanza nyirizina rutangirira mu Rukiko Rukuru rukajuririrwa
mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga.
47
URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA RURI I KIGALI,

RUHABURANISHIRIZA IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO,
RUHAKIRIJE MU RUHAME URUBANZA RCAA 0030/08/
CS NONE KUWA 17/03/2009 MU BURYO BUKURIKIRA:
HABURANA:
GATSINZI Marcel wajuriye, mwene MPAGAZEHE Phocas na

NYIRABAGANAHE Anastasia, utuye i REMERA, mu Karere ka
GASABO, mu Mujyi wa Kigali
Na
MUKABARUNGI Julienne, mwene RUHIGIRA Barnabé na
BWANDANGA Gaudence, ubarizwa 29 St Pierre, St Brieuc,
France
IKIBURANWA : Divorce, Abandon du foyer conjugal, Séparation

de fait, Pension alimentaire, Injure grave
IKIJURIRIRWA : Kujuririra urubanza RCA 0039/05/HC/KIG kuri

pension alimentaire rwaciwe n’Urukiko
Rukuru kuwa 18.8.2008
IKIZA RY’URUBANZA RYO MU RUHAME RYO KUWA

17/03/2009
(1) Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo

rwa Kigali kuri n° RC 35932/2001, GATSINZI Marcel na
MUKABARUNGI Julienne baburana ubutane, buri wese
asaba ko ubutane bwatangwa ku makosa y’undi, kuri
icyo kirego cy’ubutane hakaba hari hashamikiyeho ibirego
binyuranye binjyanye n’igabana ry’imitungo, garde y’abana
bakiri bato, pension alimentaire, urukiko rwemeza ko ubutane
babuhawe ku makosa ya bombi, rwemeza kandi ko abana
bakiri bato bagomba guhabwa se akaba ariwe ubarera, nyina
49
akagumana uburenganzira bwo kubasura nabo bakamusura,

rwemeza nanone ko imitungo igizwe n’inzu iri mu kibanza
n°31119 mu Rugunga n’isambu iri i Gasogi bigurishwa
GATSINZI na MUKABARUNGI bakagabana ibivuyemo mu
buryo buringaniye.
(2) MUKABARUNGI Julienne yajuririye imikirize y’urwo rubanza

mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire rwa Kigali, nyuma y’ivugururwa
rw’amategeko agenga inkiko n’ububasha bwazo muri 2004,
rwoherezwa mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika i Kigali aho
rwanditswe kuri n° R.C.A 0039/05/HC/KIG.
(3) Iburanisha ryaramaze gutangira mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa

Repubulika ariko ritarasozwa, MUKABARUNGI yasabye
ko yagenerwa « pension alimentaire » mu gihe urubanza
rw’iremezo rutaracibwa burundu; mu cyemezo cyo kuwa
18/8/2008 Urukiko rutegeka Gatsinzi Marcel kumuha
800.000frws buri kwezi kugeza igihe urubanza mu mizi
ruciriwe burundu.
II. IMIGENDEKERE Y’URUBANZA MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
(4) GATSINZI Marcel ntiyishimiye icyo cyemezo akijuririra mu

nyandiko yakiriwe mu Bwanditsi bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kuwa
29/08/2009, ikirego cyandikwa kuri n° RCAA 0030/08/CS.
(5) Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yashyizeho itegeko n° 0003/09/

RC ryo kuwa 23/01/2009 rishyira umunsi w’iburanisha ry’uru
rubanza kuwa 17/02/2009, uwo munsi ugeze urubanza
rwaraburanishijwe, GATSINZI Marcel ahagarariwe na
Me KAZUNGU J.Bosco naho MUKABARUNGI Julienne
ahagarariwe na Me RUSANGANWA J. Bosco.
(6) Urukiko rwahaye ijambo Me KAZUNGU kugira ngo asobanure

ubujurire bwa GATSINZI imbere y’uru rukiko, avuga ko buri
mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga hashingiwe ku ngingo
ya 43, igika cya 1, y’itegeko ngenga rigena imitunganyirize,
50
imikorere n’ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kuko ikibazo

cya « pension alimentaire » cyafashweho icyemezo bwa
mbere mu Rukiko Rukuru, ingingo ya 254 y’ Itegeko n°
42/1988 ryo kuwa 27 Ukwakira 1988 rishyiraho interuro
y’ibanze n’igitabo cya mbere «Abantu n’Umuryango»
by’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, ikaba iteganya
ko bene ibyo byemezo bishobora kujuririrwa.
(7) Me KAZUNGU yakomeje asobanura ko GATSINZI yajurijwe

n’uko Urukiko Rukuru rwishe ingingo ya 147, igika cya
1 n’icya 4, y’Itegeko rigena imiburanishirize y’imanza
z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi
kuko nta ngingo n’imwe y’amategeko yashingiweho mu
icibwa ry’urubanza, urwo rukiko rukaba rutagaragaza uwo
« pension alimentaire » igenewe cyane ko n’ abana bamaze
gukura, ndetse rutanagaragaza n’uko yagenywe kandi
ubundi pension igenwa hakurikijwe ibikenewe n’ubushobozi
bw’uyitanga.
(8) Me RUSANGANWA J.Bosco nawe yahawe ijambo avuga

ko ubu bujurire ari impamvu yo gutinza urubanza gusa,
asobanura ko adahakana ko urubanza nk’uru baburana
rushobora kujuririrwa ariko ko bikorerwa hamwe n’urubanza
mu mizi nk’uko bivugwa mu ngingo ya 162 y’Itegeko
n°18/2004 ryo kuwa 20/06/2004 rigena imiburanishirize
y’imanza z’imbonezamubano,iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umulimo
n’iz’ubutegetsi, nk’uko kandi byasobanuwe n’umucamanza
mu nyandikomvugo y’iburanisha yo kuwa 28/10/2008, akaba
rero asanga ubujurire bwa GATSINZI Marcel butakwakirwa
ngo busuzumwe urubanza mu mizi rutaracibwa.
(9) Me KAZUNGU J.Bosco yongeye guhabwa ijambo, avuga
ko kuba GATSINZI yarakoresheje uburenganzira bwe
bwo kwiregura « droit de la défense » bitafatwa nkaho
ashaka gutinza urubanza. Yanasobanuye ko mu rwego rwa
« procédure », « notion » y’urubanza rubanziriza urundi
ivugwa mu ngingo yavuzwe ya 162 y’Itegeko n°18/2004
atariyo y’uru rubanza harebwe imyandikire yarwo, akaba
51
asanga ibyo umucamanza mu Rukiko Rukuru yavuze ko

icyo cyemezo kitajuririrwa binyuranyije n’Itegeko Nshinga
ivuga ko kwiregura no kujurira ari uburenganzira bwa muntu
budahungabanywa.
(10) Me KAZUNGU J.Bosco yanavuze kandi ko ibivugwa

na Me RUSANGANWA J.Bosco byumvikanisha ko uru
rubanza rwerekeye « pension alimentaire » rutagera
mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga kuko urubanza rw’ubutane ubu
rutangirira mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye ariko ko ataribyo kuko
Umushingamategeko washyizeho iryo tegeko n°18/2004
ryo kuwa 20/06/2004 atari ayobewe ko ingingo ya 254
y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’amategeko y’imbonezamubano
iriho, akaba ari yo mpamvu uru rubanza rwategetswemo iyi
« pension alimentaire » rugomba kujuririrwa, cyane ko aya
mafaranga 800 000 frws Gatisnzi yategetswe ari menshi,
urebye umushahara we wa 1.100.000 frw, bikaba byaba ari
ukumushyira mu buzima bubi.
(11) Me RUSANGANWA yavuze ko kuba uru rubanza rubanziriza
urundi rutajuririwa rwonyine ari ntaho binyuranyije n’Itegeko
Nshinga kandi ko amategeko atakwicwa ngo kubera ko
urubanza rutujuje ibyangombwa zatuma rugera mu Rukiko
rw’Ikirenga.
(12) Urukiko rwashoje iburanisha, rumenyesha ababuranyi ko

urubanza ruzasomwa kuwa 17/03/2009, uwo munsi ugeze
urukiko ruca urubanza mu buryo bukurikira:
III. IBYASUZUMWE N’URUKIKO N’UKO RUBIBONA.
(13) Urubanza rw’ubutane iki kibazo cya “pension alimentaire”

gishamikiyeho rwarangije kuburanishwa mu rwego rwa
mbere, rukaba ruri mu Rukiko Rukuru mu rwego rwa kabiri,
icyemezo cyajuririwe muri uru rukiko akaba ari icyemezo
cyarwo gitegeka GATSINZI gutanga « pension alimentaire »
mu gihe urubanza remezo rw’ubutane rukiburanishwa muri
urwo rukiko.
52
(14) Mu kujuririra icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, Me Kazungu

yashingiye ku ngingo ya 43-1° y’Itegeko ngenga n° 01/2004
n’ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga nk’uko ryahinduwe kandi
ryujujwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko « Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rufite
ububasha bwo kuburanisha mu rwego rw’ubujurire, imanza
zaciwe mu rwego rwa mbere n’Urukiko Rukuru» ; Me Kazungu
akaba rero afata icyo icyemezo cyafashwe kuri pension
alimentaire nk’imanza zivugwa muri iyo ngingo, kuko asanga
ikibazo cya pension alimentaire cyarafashweho icyemezo
bwa mbere mu Rukiko Rukuru, akabihuza n’ibivugwa mu
ngingo ya 254 y’Itegeko n° 42/1988 ryo kuwa 27 Ukwakira
1988 rishyiraho interuro y’ibanze n’Igitabo cya mbere «Abantu
n’Umuryango» by’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano
iteganya ko “ibyemezo by’agateganyo bifashwe mu manza
z’ubutane birangizwa by’agateganyo nubwo byajuririwa ( Les
mesures provisoires auxquelles peuvent donner lieu la
demande de divorce pour cause déterminée sont exécutoires
par provision, nonobstant toute voie de recours);
(15) Urukiko rusanga kuba iyo ingingo iteganya ko ibyo byemezo

bifashwe mu manza z’ubutane bishobora kurangizwa
by’agateganyo nubwo byajuririwa, ntacyo bihindura ku bubasha
bw’inkiko no ku nzira z’ubujurire amategeko yateganyije.
(16) Ikibazo rero kigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni cyo

kumenya niba kuba kiriya cyemezo kuri pension alimentaire
cyarafatiwe bwa mbere mu Rukiko Rukuru ari impamvu ihagije
kugirango kibe cyafatwa nk’urubanza nyirizina rutangiririra
mu Rukiko Rukuru, rukajuririrwa mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga
hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 43-1° y’Itegeko ngenga ryavuzwe
haruguru, nk’uko Me Kazungu abishingiraho ajurira cyangwa
se niba ari urubanza rubanziriza urundi (Jugement avant
dire-droit ou avant-faire-droit) rutajuririrwa rwonyine nk’uko
Me Rusanganwa uhagarariye MUKABARUNGI abivuga.
53
(17) Kugirango Urukiko rushobore kumenya niba ubujurire ku

cyemezo cyerekeye “pension alimentaire“ bukwiye kwakirwa
cyangwa kutakirwa muri uru rukiko, hakwiye kugaragazwa
ubwoko bwacyo mu rwego rw’amtegeko.
(18) Abahanga mu mategeko basobanura ko Imanza zitegurira
izindi ari imanza, mu gihe cy’iburanisha ry’urubanza
mu mizi, zifatwamo gusa icyemezo gitegeka icyakorwa
kimurikira Urukiko cyangwa icyemezo cy’agateganyo kigira
icyo cyemerera umuburanyi“. Izo manza ntizishobora kuba
imanza ndakuka (Les Jugements avant dire-droit sont des
Jugements qui se bornent à prendre une décision au cours
d’un procès, à propos d’une mesure d’instruction ou d’une
mesure provisoire. Ces jugements sont dépourvus d’autorité
de la chose jugée “au principal“)3.
(19) Gérard Cornu, nawe azitangira igisobanuro gihuye n’icyo kivuzwe
haruguru, avuga ko « Imanza zibanziriza izindi » ari Imanza mu
gihe cy’iburanisha ry’urubanza rw’ibanze, zifatwamo icyemezo
gitegeka ko hagira igikorwa kigamije kumurikira urukiko cyangwa
icyemezo cy’agateganyo kigira icyo cyemerera umuburanyi
by’agateganyo, ariko ntakivuzwe ku mizi y’urubanza, ariyo
mpamvu urwo rubanza rudashobora kuba ndakuka kubirebana
n’imizi y’urubanza (le Jugement avant dire-droit ou avant-faire-
droit est un jugement qui, pour préparer ou attendre la solution
de la contestation principale, se borne dans son dispositif à
ordonner une mesure d’instruction, enquête, expertise ou pour
le cours d’instance, une mesure provisoire “provision ad litem“
sans trancher le principal, d’où il résulte que ce jugement n’a
pas au principal, autorité de la chose jugée et ne dessaisit pas
le juge) 4.
(20) Hakurikijwe ibisobanuro by’imanza zitegurira izindi nkuko
byagaragajwe haruguru, icyemezo kuri « pension alimentaire »
kijuririrwa kiri mu bwoko bw’imanza zibanziriza izindi, kuko
ari icyemezo cy’agateganyo cyafashwe by’agateganyo
3
Droit et Pratique de la Procédure Civile », sous la direction de Serge
Guinchard, Editions Dalloz, 1999, p.921, n°s 4969
4
Vocabulaire juridique, Gérard Cornu, 1987, p. 525
54
kigenera MUKABARUNGI « pension alimentaire » buri kwezi

mu gihe urubanza rw’ubutane rukiburanishwa; ku bw’ibyo,
Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rukaba rusanga ubujurire bwa GATSINZI
kuri icyo cyemezo cy’agateganyo budashobora kwakirwa
kuko bene ibyo byemezo bijuririrwa hamwe n’imanza remezo
hakurikijwe ingingo ya 162, igika cya kabiri y’Itegeko n°
18/2004 ryo kuwa 20/6/2004 nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu
iteganya ko «kujuririra imanza zibanziriza izindi bikorwa gusa
iyo urubanza rusoza iburanisha rurangiye, kandi bigakorerwa
rimwe».
IV. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
(21) Rwemeje kutakira ngo rusuzume ubujurire bwa GATSINZI

Marcel ku rubanza rubanziriza urundi yategetswemo
gutanga « pension alimentaire » mu gihe urubanza remezo
rw’ubutane rukiburanishwa mu Rukiko Rukuru, kubera
impamvu zasobanuwe.
(22) Rutegetse GATSINZI Marcel gutanga amagarama y’urubanza

angana na 11.600 frw.
RUKIJIJWE RUTYO KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME NONE KUWA
17/03/2009 N’URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA RUGIZWE NA: NYIRINKWAYA
IMMACULEE, PEREZIDA, HAVUGIYAREMYE NA KAYITESI R. EMILY,
ABACAMANZA; BAFASHIJWE NA MUNYANDAMUTSA JEAN PIERRE,
UMWANDITSI W’URUKIKO.
NYIRINKWAYA Immaculée
Perezida
Sé
HAVUGIYAREMYE Julien KAYITESI R. Emily
Sé sé
MUNYANDAMUTSA JEAN PIERRE

sé
55
IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI
N° Y’URUBANZA: R.COM.A 0064/09/CS IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI
N° Y’URUBANZA: R.COM.A 0064/09/CS
HABURANA: COGEBANQUE S.A. / KARIMBA Haruna
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI – KUTUBAHIRIZA IMINSI

Y’UBUJURIRE – UMUNSI FATIZO W’IBARA RY’IBIHE
BY’UBUJURIRE
KUTABA NGOMBWA KUMENYESHWA IMIKIRIZE

Y’URUBANZA K’UMUBURANYI WITABIRIYE IBURANISHA
RYA NYUMA AKANARIMENYESHWAMO UMUNSI
W’ISOMWA
- Iyo umuburanyi yari yitabye mu iburanisha rya nyuma
akanamenyeshwa umunsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza, ibihe by’ubujurire
bitangira kubarwa guhera ku munsi isomwa ryabayeho, kabone n’iyo
yaba atari ahari cyangwa ngo ahagararirwe. Icyangombwa ni uko aba
yaramenyeshejwe umunsi w’isomwa ryarwo.
- Umuburanyi wari witabiriye iburanisha rya nyuma akanamenyeshwa

umunsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza, uwo munsi wagera ntirusomwe
ariko urukiko rukabikorera inyandiko mvugo rusobanura impamvu
kandi rutangaza indi tariki isomwa ryimuriweho, afatwa nk’aho
yamenyeshejwe umunsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza, kuko iyo aza kuba
yaritabiriye iryo somwa, yari kumenya neza niba rusomwa cyangwa
niba isomwa ryimuwe, bityo akanamenya itariki nshya y’isomwa
ryarwo. Iyo atitabiriye uwo muhango, niwe wirengera ingaruka zabyo.
- Itariki fatizo y’igihe cy’ubujurire ku muburanyi wamenyeshejwe

umunsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza mu iburanisha rya nyuma ntarwitabire,
ntabwo yaba iy’igihe uwo muburanyi utaritabiriye isomwa
yamenyesherejwe bitari ngombwa, imikirize y’urubanza.
59

RUHABURANISHIRIZA IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI RUKIJIJE
MU RUHAME KUWA 26/02/2010 URUBANZA R.COM.A
0064/09/CS CS MU BURYO BUKURIKIRA:
HABURANA
UWAJURIYE : COGEBANQUE S.A. , mu izina ry’uyihagarariye

mu rwego rw’amategeko, iburanirwa na Maître NKURUNZIZA
Jean Chrysostome
UREGWA :
KARIMBA Haruna, utuye Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umujyi wa Kigali
IKIBURANWA :
- paiement de la somme de 34.425.580 frw en principal et

12.000.000 frw de dommages et intérêts
IKIREGERWA :
- kujuririra icyemezo RCOM 0069/09/PRE-EX cyafashwe
n’umucamanza w’ibanzirizasuzuma kuwa 31/08/2009.
I. UKO IKIBAZO GITEYE
[1]. Kuwa 04/03/2002 KARIMBA HARUNA yagiranye na

Société PETROCOM SARL amasezerano yo kugura station
ya essence iri muri parcelle n° 93 mu Mujyi wa Gisenyi.
Kugira ngo KARIMBA abashe kugura iyo station, yasabye
crédit muri COGEBANQUE S.A. nayo yemeye gutanga ya
station ngo ibe ingwate ya KALIMBA kuri iyo crédit, maze
agurizwa 40 500 000Frw agomba kwishyurwa mu gihe
cy’imyaka 5.
[2]. Kuwa 28/10/2002, KARIMBA yandikiye COGEBANQUE

S.A., ayigaragariza ko imirimo itagenda neza, asobanura
61
ko asanga akora ahomba, bikaba byatuma akomeje

atazashobora kwishyura umwenda ayibereyemo, bityo
ayimenyesha ko agaharitse imirimo yakoreraga muri iyo
station kandi ko ayeguriye Banque kugirango iyigurishe
yiyishyure. Station yaje kugurishwa na Banque muri 2007
igurwa 100 005 000Frw, Banque yiyishyura umwenda
n’inyungu bigeze kuri 84 465 884Frw, KARIMBA asubizwa
15 539 116Frw.
[3]. Karimba ntiyabyishimiye bituma atanga ikirego mu Rukiko

Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi asaba ko yahabwa 34.425.580 frw
n’indishyi zingana na 12.000.000 frw
2. URUBANZA MU RUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI .
[4]. Ikirego mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi cyanditswe kuri

n° RCOM 0462/08/HCC/KIG urubanza rucibwa kuwa
05/05/2005, Urukiko rwemeza ko ikirego cya Karimba
gifite ishingiro, ko COGEBANQUE S.A. igomba kumuha
34.425.580 frw na 12.000.000 frw y’indishyi na 300.000 frw
y’igihembo cya Avocat.
3. UBUJURIRE MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
[5]. COGEBANQUE S.A. yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ikirenga,

ubujurire bwayo bugera mu bwanditsi bw’Urukiko kuwa
19/06/2009, ikirego cyandikwa kuri n° RCom A 0043/09/
CS.
[6]. Mu cyemezo RCOM 0069/09/PRE-EX/CS umucamanza

w’ibanzirizasuzuma yafashe kuwa 31/08/2009, yemeje ko
ubujurire bwa COGEBANQUE S.A. budakwiye kwakirwa
ngo busuzumwe kuko bwaje bukererewe, kubera ko
COGEBANQUE S.A. yari yitabye mu iburanisha ryo kuwa
02/04/2009 nk’umuburanyi, imenyeshwa ko urubanza
ruzasomwa tariki ya 04/05/2009 ariko ntiyitabira uwo
muhango, kuko iyo iza kwitaba cyangwa igahagararirwa,
62
yari kumenyeshwa ko isomwa ryimuriwe kuwa 05/05/2009.

Ko kuba itarabikoze akaba ari amakosa yayo, ikaba
itaragombaga kwitwaza ko nta menyesharubanza yabonye
nkaho urubanza rwaburanishijwe idahari.
[7]. COGEBANQUE S.A. yamenyeshejwe icyo cyemezo
kuwa 24/09/2009 ikijuririra kuwa 07/10/2009 , ubujurire
bwandikwa kuri n° RCom A 0064/09/2009.
[8]. Mu itegeko n° 0001/2010/R.COM ryo kuwa 16/12/2009,

Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yashyize iburanisha
ry’uru rubanza kuwa 26/01/2010, uwo munsi ugeze
hitaba Me NKURUNZIZA Jean Chrysostome aburanira
COGEBANQUE S.A., KARIMBA Haruna yunganiwe na
Me HODARI Nsinga.
[9]. Me NKURUNZIZA Jean Chrysostome yasabwe gutanga

ingingo zatumye COGEBANQUE S.A. ahagarariye ijurira,
avuga ko umucamanza w’ibanzirizasuzuma atubahirije
ingingo ya 47, igika cya 2 y’itegeko ngenga n°01/2004
n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga nk’uko ryahinduwe
kandi rikuzuzwa kugeza ubu, kubera ko ngo ntabwo itariki
y’iyimurwa ry’isomwa ry’urubanza yigeze imenyeshwa
COGEBANQUE S.A.; ko kandi iyo isomwa ry’urubanza
ryimuriwe ku yindi tariki, urubanza rumenyeshwa mu
buryo buteganywa n’igika cya 2 k’ingingo ya 47 yavuzwe
haruguru.
[10]. Yongeyeho ko iyi ngingo ntaho ivuga ibyerekeye

amakosa yo kutitabira isomwa ry’urubanza ku itariki yari
yamenyeshejwe ababuranyi, dore ko ngo nta muburanyi
numwe wamenyeshejwe itariki isomwa ry’urubanza
ryimuriweho, n’impamvu y’iryo yimurwa. Ko ngo kandi
jurisprudence ihari, ari uko iyo isomwa ry’urubanza
ryimuwe, bimenyeshwa ababuranyi.
63
[11]. Yakomeje avuga ko umucamanza w’ibanzirizasuzuma

atubahirije ingingo igika cya 2 cy’ingingo ya 149 y’itegeko
n° 18/2004 ryo kuwa 20/06/2004 ryerekeye imiburanishirize
y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo
n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kandi rikuzuzwa kugeza
ubu, kubera ko nta mpamvu igaragara muri matolewo
y’urubanza rwajuririwe yatumye urubanza rudasomwa mu
minsi 30. Yarangije asaba ko icyemezo cy’umucamanza
w’ibanzirizasuzuma gihinduka, urubanza rukaburanishwa
mu mizi.
[12]. Me HODARI Nsinga kuri ubwo bujurire yavuze ko umunsi

urubanza rwagombaga gusomererwaho ni ukuvuga kuwa
04/05/2009, COGEBANQUE S.A ntabwo yitabye cyangwa
ngo ihagararirwe, ko ngo iyo iza kwitaba yari kumenya
umunsi isomwa ryimuriweho, arinawo wagombaga
gutangirwaho kubara ibihe by’ijurira nkuko umucamanza
w’ibanzirizasuzuma yabisobanuye.
[13]. Ko ngo rero, COGEBANQUE S.A itari kwitwaza amakosa

yayo kugirango ibone uburenganzira burenze ubwo
ingingo ya 47 igika cya kabiri y’itegeko ngenga n°01/2004
n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga nk’uko ryahinduwe
kandi rikuzuzwa kugeza ubu, iteganya.
Yarangije asaba ko ubujurire butagira ishingiro, icyemezo RCOM
0069/09/PRE-EX/CS cy’umucamanza w’ibanzirizasuzuma
yafashe kuwa 31/08/2009, kikagumaho.
[14]. Iburanisha ryarashojwe ababuranyi bamenyeshwa ko

urubanza ruzasomwa kuwa 26/02/2010, nyuma ruriherera
ruruca mu buryo bukurikira:
64
4 IBYASUZUMWE N’URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA N’UKO

RUBIBONA
a.Ku byerekeye iyakirwa ry’ubujurire ku cyemezo
cy’ibanzirizasuzuma,
[15]. Urukiko rusanga COGEBANQUE S.A yaramenyeshejwe

icyo cyemezo tariki 24/09/2009 ikijuririra tariki 07/10/2009,
ni ukuvuga mu gihe cy’iminsi 15 iteganywa n’ingingo ya
55 y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 01/2004 ryo kuwa 29/01/2004
rigena imitunganyirize, imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko
rw’Ikirenga nk’uko ryahinduwe kandi rikuzuzwa kugeza
ubu; bityo ubujurire bwayo bukaba bukwiye kwakirwa
bugasuzumwa kuko bwakozwe mu bihe bikurikije
amategeko.
b.Ku byerekeye urubanza mu mizi yarwo
[16]. Me NKURUNZIZA Jean Chrysostome uburanira

COGEBANQUE S.A anenga icyemezo cy’umucamanza
w’ibanzirizasuzuma kuko yanze kwakira ubujurire
bwabo avuga ko bwakerewe, ibyo akaba ngo yarabikoze
yirengagije ibikubiye mu gika cya kabiri cy’ingingo ya
47 y’itegeko Ngenga n° 01/2004 ryo kuwa 29/01/2004
rw’Ikirenga nk’uko ryahinduwe kandi rikuzuzwa kugeza
ubu, iteganya ko ku muburanyi utaramenyeshejwe umunsi
w’isomwa n’icibwa ry’urubanza, igihe cy’ukwezi kumwe
gitangira kubarwa kuva umunsi yamenyesherejweho
n’umwanditsi w’Urukiko cyangwa Umuhesha w’Inkiko.
Ko kubibareba basanga barajuriye mu gihe cy’ukwezi
giteganywa n’amategeko kuko bajuriye tariki 19/06/2009,
baramenyeshejwe imikirize tariki 20/05/2009.
65
c. Ibibazo byasuzumwe n’Urukiko

[17]. 1. Hari ikibazo cyo kumenya igihe cy’ifatizo giherwaho mu
kubara ibihe by’ubujurire k’umuburanyi wari mu iburanisha
rya nyuma akamenyeshwa umunsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza,
uwo munsi wagera ntirusomwe ariko Urukiko rukabikorera
inyandikomvugo yerekana impamvu kandi rugatangaza
indi tariki isomwa ryimuriweho.
2. Hari na none ikibazo cyo kumenya niba umuburanyi

witabiriye iburanisha rya nyuma agomba kumenyeshwa
imikirize y’urubanza.
 Ku byerekeye umunsi fatizo w’ibara ry’ibihe

by’ubujurire muri uru rubanza.
[18]. Ingingo ya 47, igika cya kabiri y’Itegeko Ngenga n°

01/2004 ryo kuwa 29/01/2004 ryerekeye imitunganyirize,
imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga nkuko
ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko „ igihe cyo kujurira ari
ukwezi kumwe, icyo gihe kigatangira kubarwa guhera ku
munsi w’isomwa ry’icibwa ry’urubanza:
-ku muburanyi wamenyeshejwe mu buryo bukurikije
amategeko umunsi w’isomwa ariko ntahagere cyangwa
ngo ahagararirwe,
-ku muburanyi utaramenyeshejwe umunsi w’isomwa n’icibwa
ry’urubanza, igihe cy’ukwezi kumwe gitangira kubarwa kuva
umunsi yamenyesherejweho n’umwanditsi
w’Urukiko cyangwa Umuhesha w’Inkiko“
[19]. Mu gusesengura iyi ngingo, byumvikana ko iyo

ababuranyi bari bitabye mu iburanisha rya nyuma
bakanamenyeshwa umunsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza, ko
ibihe by’ubujurire bitangira kubarwa guhera ku munsi
isomwa ryabayeho kabone n’iyo baba batari bahari
cyangwa badahagarariwe. Aha icya ngombwa ni uko
umuburanyi aba yaramenyeshejwe umunsi w’isomwa
ry’urubanza.
66
[20]. Ku byerekeye ikibazo cyo kumenya umunsi fatizo mu

kubara ibihe by’ubujurire k’umuburanyi wari mu iburanisha
rya nyuma akamenyeshwa umunsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza
uwo munsi wagera ntirusomwe ariko Urukiko rukabikorera
inyandikomvugo rusobanura impamvu kandi rugatangaza
indi tariki isomwa ryimuriweho, igisubizo kuri iki kibazo
gitangwa n’ibivugwa muri iriya ngingo, kuko byumvikana
ko iyo umuburanyi yitabiriye isomwa ry’urubanza amenya
neza niba rusomwe cyangwa niba isomwa ryimuwe; bityo
akanamenya itariki nshya isomwa ryimuriweho. Aha
umuburanyi afatwa ko yamenyeshejwe umunsi w’isomwa
ry’urubanza. Iyo atitabiriye uwo muhango niwe wirengera
ingaruka zabyo.
 Ku byerekeye ikibazo cyo kumenya niba umuburanyi

witabiriye iburanisha rya nyuma akamenyeshwa
umunsi w’isomwa agomba kumenyeshwa imikirize
y’urubanza.
[21]. Ku bireba uru rubanza, Urukiko rusanga iyimurwa

ry’isomwa ryarakorewe inyandiko mvugo kandi ku
munsi wavuzwemo ko isomwa ryimuriweho rurasomwa,
imiburanire ya COGEBANQUE S.A ko yagombaga
kumenyeshwa imikirize y’urubanza ikaba nta shingiro
ifite kuko kuba bataraje gusomerwa tariki 04/05/2009
nk’uko bari babimenyeshejwe, ngo bamenye iherezo
ry’urubanza rwabo ari amakosa yabo, iyo myitwarire
ikaba nta ngaruka yagira ku munsi fatizo wo kubara ibihe
by’ubujurire. Ntaho rero ingingo ya 47 y’Itegeko Ngenga n°
01/2004 ryo kuwa 29/01/2004 ryerekeye imitunganyirize,
imikorere n’ububasha by’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga nkuko
ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko umuburanyi wari
mu iburanisha rya nyuma kandi watangarijwe itariki
urubanza ruzasomwaho agomba kumenyeshwa imikirize
y’urubanza iyo atitabiriye isomwa ry’urubanza rwe. Kuba
umuhesha w’Inkiko yaragiye kuri COGEBANQUE S.A
kugirango ayimenyeshe imikirize y’urubanza, bitafatwa nk
67
’imenyeshamikirize(signification) iteganywa n’amategeko

bityo ngo abihereho abara ibihe by’ijurira bye.
[22]. Ibi birasa n’ibyemejwe n’uru rukiko mu rubanza RADA

0008/09/CS rwaciwe kuwa 27/11/2009, no mu rubanza
RPA 0258/08/CS rwaciwe kuwa 30/11/2009 ko itariki
fatizo y’igihe cy’ubujurire ku muburanyi wamenyeshejwe
umunsi w’isomwa mu iburanisha rya nyuma itaba iy’igihe
uwo muburanyi utaritabiriye isomwa yamenyesherejweho
imikirize y’urubanza kandi bitari ngombwa.
[23]. Mu manza zimaze kuvugwa, urukiko rwemeje kandi ko

urubanza ruciwe nyuma y’iyimurwa ry’isomwa ryabereye
mu ruhame, umunsi fatizo w’ibara ry’ibihe by’ubujurire
ari uwo rwasomweho bitabaye ngombwa ko icyemezo
cy’urukiko kimenyeshwa ababuranyi batitabiriye isomwa
ry’urubanza.
[24]. Urukiko rusanga rero icyemezo cy’umucamanza

w’ibanzirizasuzuma cyajuririwe kigomba kugumaho
kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe, amategeko adateganya ko
umuburanyi wanze kwitabira isomwa ry’urubanza nta
mpamvu, agomba gutegereza imenyesha rubanza kugira
ngo abone kujurira.
5. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO
[25]. Rwemeye kwakira ubujurire bwa COGEBANQUE S.A

ku cyemezo cy’ibanzirizasuzuma kuko bwatanzwe mu
buryo n’ibihe bikurikije amategeko.
[26]. Rwemeje ko ubwo bujurire nta shingiro bufite;
[27]. Rwemeje ko icyemezo cy’umucamanza

w’ibanzirizasuzuma kuri ubwo bujurire kidahindutse.
68
[28]. Rutegetse COGEBANQUE S.A gutanga amafaranga

y’ibyakozwe muri uru rubanza, angana na 33.700 Frw,
itayatanga mu gihe cy’iminsi umunani , agakurwa mu
byayo ku ngufu za Leta.
RUKIJIJWE RUTYO KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME NONE

KUWA 26/02/2010 N’URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA RUGIZWE
NA MUTASHYA JEAN BAPTISTE: PEREZIDA, KANYANGE
FIDELITE NA MUNYANGERI INNOCENT: ABACAMANZA,
BAFASHIJWE NA HABYARIMANA MARCEL, UMWANDITSI
W’URUKIKO.
MUTASHYA Jean Baptiste

Perezida
KANYANGE Fidélité MUNYANGERI Innocent

HABYARIMANA Marcel
Umwanditsi w’urukiko
69
N° Y’URUBANZA: RCom. 0001/08/CS IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI
N° Y’URUBANZA: RCom. 0001/08/CS
HABURANA: Mme RWIGEMA Josephine / ECOBANK S.A.
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI – UBURIGANYA MU GUTANGA

UMUTUNGO ABASHYINGIRANYWE BAHURIYEHO –
INGARUKA IYO UMUTUNGO ABASHYINGIRANYWE
BAHURIYEHO UTANZWE UMWE ADAHARI KANDI ATABIZI
UMWENDA UFASHWE N’UMWE MU BASHAKANYE UNDI

ATABIZI BITARI KU MPAMVU ZO GUTEZA IMBERE URUGO
- Uko imicungire y’umutungo n’uburyo bawucunga byaba biri

kose, ubwumvikane bw’abashyingiranywe ni ngombwa mu gutanga
ikitimukanwa bwite, nk’umutungo bahuriyeho, no kubitangaho ubundi
burenganzira bwose.
- Umwe mu bashyingiranywe wagize amasezerano ku mutungo agomba
ubwumvikane bwabo bombi; asabwa mu gihe cyo kuyakora cyangwa
mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu akurikira, gusaba uwo bashyingiranywe
ko ayemera; iryo yemera rikamenyeshwa mu nyandiko uwo
bagiranye amasezerano; iyo nta gisubizo yatanze nyuma y’ukwezi
gukurikira umunsi yabimenyesherejweho, ukwemera kwe gufatwa
nk’aho kwatanzwe mu buryo budasubirwaho. Mu gihe uwagombaga
kubyemera atabashije kuboneka cyangwa kugaragaza igitekerezo cye
abitewe n’impamvu zikomeye, amasezerano aba ntakuka hashize
umwaka ku bintu byimukanwa, n’imyaka itanu ku bintu bitimukanwa.
- Ibirebana no gufata neza urugo bireba buri wese mu bashakanye

hatitawe ku masezerano y’uburyo bw’icunga mutungo bagiranye,
bityo imyenda ifashwe muri ubwo buryo n’umwe mu bashakanye
ikaba yaryozwa mugenzi we nk’aho ari we wayifashe ; uretse mu gihe
byaba bigaragara ko ayo mafaranga yatanzwe mu buryo bwo kwaya,
agakoreshwa ibitari ibyo yakiwe, bidafite aho bihuriye no gufata neza
urugo.
71

RUHABURANISHIRIZA MU NAMA YABACAMANZA
URUBANZA RW’UBUCURUZI, RUKIJIJE MU RUHAME
KUWA 24 NYAKANGA 2008 URUBANZA R COM 0001/08/CS
MU BURYO BUKURIKIRA:
ABABURANA:
Uwajuriye: Mme Rwigema Josephine, mwene Rwigema

Laurent na Nyirankumi Esther, ubarizwa ku Kimihurura,
Gasabo ;
UREGWA : ECOBANK Rwanda SA ibarizwa Nyarugenge,

Akarere ka Nyarugenge, mu izina ry’Umuyobozi wayo ;
Ikiburanwa : -Gusaba ko inzu y’umuryango w’uregwa

itagurishwa na ECOBANK Rwanda, SA
-Indishyi
URUKIKO;
Rushingiye ku Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda;
Rushingiye ku itegeko ngenga nº 07/2004 ryo kuwa 25/04/2004

rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’inkiko nk’uko
ryahinduwe kandi rikuzuzwa kugeza ubu;
Rushingiye ku itegeko ngenga nº 01/2004 ryo kuwa 29/01/2004

rw’Ikirenga nk’uko ryahinduwe kandi rikuzuwa kugeza ubu;
Rushingiye ku itegeko nº 18/2004 ryo kuwa 20/06/2004 ryerekeye

imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi,
iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe kandi rikuzuzwa
n’itegeko n°09/2006 ryo kuwa 02/03/2006;
73
Rumaze kubona icyemezo Rcom 0346/08/HCC cyafashwe

n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kuwa 18/6/2008 ku nyandiko
nsobanurakirego yatanzwe n’umuburanyi (requête unilatérale),
Mme Rwigema Joséphine, asaba ko inzu y’umuryango iri
muri parcelle n° 818 ku Kimihurura itagurishwa na ECOBANK
Rwanda SA, Urukiko rukemeza ko icyo kirego nta shingiro gifite;
Rumaze kubona ko Mme Rwigema, ahagarariwe na Me

Rutabingwa Athanase, yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko
rw’Ikirenga kuwa 30/06/2008, ubujurire bwe bukandikwa kuri
n°R com 0001/08/CS;
Rumaze kubona iteka n° 0086/2008/R.com ryo kuwa 03/07/2008

rya Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rishyira iburanisha ry’uru
rubanza kuwa 08/07/2008, uwo munsi ntirwaburanishwa kugira
ngo ababuranyi babanze bahamagazwe, rwimurirwa kuwa
10/07/2008 aho ababuranyi bitabye, urubanza ruburanishwa
mu Nama y’Abacamanza (Chambre du Conseil), Mme Rwigema
osephine ahagarariwe na Me
Rutabingwa Athanase, naho ECOBANK Rwanda SA ihagarariwe

na Me Buzayire Angèle;
Rumaze kumva raporo y’umucamanza wateguye urubanza;
Rumaze kumva Me Rutabingwa uhagarariye Mme Rwigema

asabwa gusobanura impamvu zatumye ajurira, akavuga ko
nk’uko bikubiye mu mwanzuro yatanze, Mme Rwigema asaba
ko inzu y’umuryango iri muri parcelle n° 818 ku Kimihurura
itagurishwa na ECOBANK Rwanda SA, kuko umwenda uvugwa
ko umugabo we Mazimpaka Deogratias afitiye ECOBANK
Rwanda SA ari nawo ntandaro y’icyemezo cyo kugurisha
iyo nzu yatanzwe ho ingwate atawuzi kubera ko atigeze
asinya ku masezerano abo bombi bagiranye, ko iyo nzu
ishaka kugurishwa ari umutungo wabo bombi kuko bagiranye
amasezerano y’ivangamutungo, uwo mutungo ukaba utapfa
74
kugurishwa, ko ikirego cyabo gishingiye ku ngingo ya 29

y’Itegeko Nshinga ryo kuwa 04/06/2004, ingingo ya 3, 21-22
z’itegeko n°22/99 ryo kuwa 12/11/1999 ryerekeye imicungire
y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura, n’ingingo
za 33-38 z’itegeko ry’ubutaka n°08/2005 ryo kuwa 14/07/2005;
Rumaze kumva akomeza avuga ko igihe cyose ECOBANk

Rwanda SA yashaka kwishyurwa, yashakira ahandi hatari
mu mutungo w’umuryango igihe cyose abashakanye
batabyemeranijweho mu gushinganisha uwo mutungo, ko
nubwo ECOBANK Rwanda SA yemeza ko amafaranga
yasabwemo inguzanyo ariyo yubatse inzu igurishwa atari byo,
bakaba barabitangiye ibimenyetso kuko inzu yubatswe mbere
y’iyo nguzanyo;
Rumaze kumva avuga ko umucamanza yashingiye ku ngingo ya

33 y’igitabo cya III cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano
akavuga ko Mme Rwigema ariyo yagombaga kuregera, ariko
we akaba atariko abibona kuko atigeze ayagiramo uruhare,
uwarugizemo ku giti cye akaba ari Mazimpaka, ko no mu
ibaruwa yo kuwa 15/09/2004 yamenyeshaga Mazimpaka ko
ahawe iyo nguzanyo, mu gice cyayo cya 2.5, bavugaga ko
umugore yagombaga kuyasinya ariko bikaba ntaho bigaragara
ko Mme Rwigema yayasinyeho, akaba yaranayamenye kuwa
28/05/2008 mu gihe yari yatanze iki kirego ku rwego rwa mbere
kuwa 19/05/2008, bivuze ko atashoboraga no kuyaregera kuko
atari ayazi;
Rumaze kumva asabwa gusobanura impamvu Banki yabonye

Mazimpaka atazanye uwo bashakanye gusinya ikabirengaho
ikamuha inguzanyo, kandi niba byari na ngombwa ko umugore
asinya kuri iyo nguzanyo, agasubiza ko asanga, mu gihe
ingwate yagombaga gutangwa ari inzu, byari ngombwa ko uwo
bafatanyije iyo nzu abyemera;
Rumaze kumva asabwa nanone gusobanura ukuntu mu gihe

inguzanyo yasabwaga Mazimpaka yatanze impamvu ko ari
75
ukuzuza iyo nzu, ubukode bwayo bukazaba aribwo bwishyura

inguzanyo, Mme Rwigema akaba yemeza we ko inzu yari
yaruzuye igihe iyo nguzanyo yatangwaga, agasubiza ko inzu
yatanzweho ingwate ari iy’i Gacuriro, ko ku byerekeranye n’iri
ku Kimihurura igurishwa, yari yarubatswe mbere y’inguzanyo
nk’uko byavuzwe kandi ko bahise bayituramo, ko itigeze
ikodeshwa;
Rumaze kumva Me Buzayire Angèle uhagarariye ECOBANK

Rwanda SA avuga ko Mazimpaka yabanje kuguza 14.850.000
frw, nyuma asaba ko ayo mafaranga yakongerwa akagera
kuri 40.812.541 frw, iyo nzu y’umuryango aba ariyo atangaho
ingwate;
Rumaze kumva, ku byerekeranye na caution solidaire ivugwa mu

gice cya 2.5 cy’ ibaruwa ya BCDI yamenyeshaga Mazimpaka ko
imuhaye inguzanyo, avuga ko atari ngombwa byanze bikunze ko
iyo caution solidaire iba igizwe n’uwo bashakanye, ko ashobora
kuba n’undi muntu wese, nubwo ariko muri iki kibazo byafatwa
ko ari umugore wa Mazimpaka byarebaga, uwo mugore uko
bizwi akaba yarabaga muri Canada, ko hashingiwe ku ngingo
ya 23 y’itegeko n°22/99 ryo kuwa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo
cya mbere cy’urwunge rw’amategeko y’imbonezamubano kandi
rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y’umutungo
w’abashyingiranywe, impano n’izungura, byemewe ko umwe
mu bashakanye ashobora gufata umwenda wo guteza imbere
umuryango, icyo gihe umwenda ukaba ubaye uw’umuryango;
ko hashingiwe kuri iyo ngingo umukono wa Mme Rwigema
utari ngombwa, bitavuze ko ayo masezerano atamureba kuko
Mazimpaka yasobanuye neza ko inguzanyo ari iyo guteza
imbere umuryango harangizwa imirimo imwe yari isigaje
gukorwa ku nzu, ibyo bikaba bihura n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya
23 y’itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru ;
Rumaze kumva, ku byerekeranye n’umwanzuro watanzwe

n’ababuranyi be ko inzu y’umuryango itagurishwa, Banki ishaka
kwishyurwa ubu ikaba yashaka ubwishyu ahandi, avuga ko nta
76
kuntu ibyo byashoboka kuko umutungo wa Mazimpaka na Mme

Rwigema ari umwe, gukura iyo nzu mu masezerano bikaba
byatuma ayo masezerano aba imfabusa kuko iyo nzu ariyo
igize ingwate, ko icyo Mme Rwigema yagombaga gukora ari
ukuregera amasezerano yakozwe ;
Rumaze kumva avuga ko, Mazimpaka, amaze kubona ko

adashobora kwishyura Banki, ashaka amayeri akoresheje ikirego
cy’umugore we, yo gukirira kuri banki ku buryo budasobanutse,
banki ikaba ariyo ibihomberamo ;
Rumaze kumva, ku birebana n’icyo inguzanyo yakoreshejwe,

ndetse n’inzu yatanzweho ingwate, avuga ko Mme Rwigema
n’umuburanira aribo bagomba kubitangira ibimenyetso, ko icyo
banki yo izi ari uko inguzanyo yakoreshejwe ku nzu iri kuri ku
Kimihurura kandi ko ariyo yatanzweho ingwate ;
Rumaze kumva abazwa niba koko iyo nzu yarakodeshejwe,

agasubiza ko nta gisubizo gihamye yabitangira, ko ikiba
gishishikaje banki iyo itanze inguzanyo ari ukubona yishyurwa
nk’uko biba byarumvikanyweho hatitawe cyane kucyo uwatse
inguzanyo yayikoresheje nubwo mbere yo kuyitanga banki iba
yakoze igenzura rihagije ry’ibyangombwa byose biba bikenewe,
kandi mu gihe ifite ingwate nk’uko byagenze muri iyi nguzanyo
nta kibazo kiba gihari ;
Rumaze kumva Me Rutabingwa avuga ko ingingo ya 23

y’itegeko ryavuzwe itagomba gusomwa ukwayo yonyine, ko
igomba guhuzwa n’ingingo ya 21 n’iya 22, hakerekanwa ko
amafaranga y’inguzanyo yari mu nyungu z’umuryango, icyo
yakoreshejwe kikaba kigomba kugaragazwa ahubwo na

ECOBANK SA, byongeye kandi hakaba ntahavugwa ko
inguzanyo yari igiye gukoreshwa mu gusana cyangwa
kurangiza imirimo y’ubwubatsi, ko ikivugwa cyonyine ari uko
77
inzu itanzweho ingwate, hakaba hakwibazwa rero ukuntu iyo

nguzanyo yari mu nyungu z’umuryango ;
Rumaze kumva avuga ko kuba Mme Rwigema atari mu Rwanda

ngo asinye amasezerano ECOBANK Rwanda SA itabyitwaza
kuko ambasade zikemura bene ibyo bibazo hakoreshejwe
’’ procuration’’, asoza asaba ko icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko
Rukuru rwa Repubulika cyavanwaho, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga
rukabaha indishyi zo gukurikirana urubanza n’izijyanye
n’igihembo cy’avoka , byose hamwe bikaba 1500.OOO frw ;
Rumaze kumva bombi basabwa gusobanura niba umwe

mu bashakanye kandi bagiranye amasezerano yo kuvanga
umutungo, afashe umwenda agatangaho ingwate umutungo
utimukanwa, umwe muri bo utayashyizeho umukono
afatwa nk’uwayagizemo uruhare (partie) cyangwa niba aba
atamureba (tierce partie), Me Rutabingwa agasubiza ko ayo
masezerano areba ababa bayashyizeho umukono, naho Me
Buzayire agasubiza ko mu kibazo kirebana n’uru rubanza
Mme Rwigema ayafitemo uruhare (partie) kuko anamugiraho
ingaruka, byongeye kandi akaba atari ECOBANK Rwanda SA
igomba gutanga ibimenyetso kuko atariyo yareze, ahubwo ari
Mme Rwigema ufite iyo nshingano cyane cyane ko ahakana
ibyo ECOBANKRwanda SA ivuga, yabura ibyo bimenyetso
agatsindwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 9 y’itegeko ryerekeye
imiburanshirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi,
iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, arangiza asaba ko icyemezo
cyajuririwe cyagumishwaho, ECOBANK Rwanda SA nk’uko
yabisabye na mbere, igahabwa amafaranga y’indishyi z’uko
yashowe mu manza ku maherere ;
Rumaze kubona ko iburanisha ry’urubanza ryashojwe,

ababuranyi bakamenyeshwa ko icyemezo cyizatangazwa
kuwa 14 Nyakanga 2008, nyuma rukiherera rugasanga byaba
byiza guhamagaza Mazimpaka kugirango agire ibisobanuro
atanga byerekeranye n’uru rubanza, hemezwa ko ruzongera
gusubukurwa kuwa 17/07/2008, kuri iyo tariki ababuranyi
78
bongera kwitaba bahagarariwe nka mbere, Mazimpaka

Déogratias nawe yitabye ;
Rumaze kumva Mazimpaka abazwa nk’umuntu waha urukiko

amakuru yerekeranye n’inguzanyo yafashwe, inzu yatanzweho
ingwate kugira ngo rurusheho gusobanukirwa, akavuga ko yari
asanzwe akorana n’icyari BCDI, ko inguzanyo ivugwa muri
uru rubanza yayatse ashaka kuyikoresha muri business ze
muri Congo, ariko abwira banki ko ari iyo kubaka annexe iri
mu kibanza n°818 ku Kimihurura, atangaho ingwate inzu yari
isanzwe muri icyo kibanza kandi bari batuyemo, ko yizeraga ko
ubucuruzi bwe nibugenda neza muri Congo azahita yishyura
banki ;
Rumaze kumva avuga ko atigeze abwira umugore we iby’iyo
nguzanyo kimwe n’uko iyo nzu yari yayitanzeho ingwate, kuko
atari kubimwemerera ku mpamvu z’uko atari ashyigikiye ko
akomeza gukorera muri Congo, ko umugore we yamenye amavu
n’amavuko y’iyo nguzanyo kimwe n’uko yari igiye kugurishwa na
banki mu kwezi kwa mbere 2008, akumva aratunguwe aribwo
yafashe icyemezo cyo gutambamira igurishwa ryayo ; ko nawe
ubwe yatunguwe n’icyo cyemezo cya banki kuko yari
yarumvikanye n’abayobozi bayo uko yazishyura umwenda

usigaye, yaranarishyuye ukwezi kwa cumi na kumwe n’ukwa
cumi na kabiri 2007 nubwo bwose nta masezerano yerekeranye
n’ubwo buryo bushya bwo kwishyura yari yashyirwaho
umukono ;
Rumaze kumva abazwa uko abona ECOBANK Rwanda SA
yamuhaye iyo nguzanyo itakoreshejwe icyo yari igenewe,
ntinishyurwe, izabona ibyayo mu gihe n’inzu yahaweho ingwate
umugore we yatambamiye igurishwa ryayo, agasubiza ko
yongeye kwegera banki ngo barebe uko bakumvikana harimo
n’uko yakwaka inguzanyo mu yindi banki akabishyura, ariko ko
ntacyemejwe kugeza ubu kuko bamusaba kubanza kuriha igice
cy’umwenda kigaragara kugira ngo imishyikirano ibe yagira icyo
igeraho, ko ariko bigikomeza ;
79
Rumaze kumva avuga ko nubwo yemera ko yakoze amakosa

atangaho ingwate ikitimukanwa kiri mu mutungo asangiye
n’umugore we atabizi, na banki ubwayo itamufashije ngo
imuhatire gusinyisha umugore we ;
Rumaze kumva Me Rutabingwa abazwa uko abona icyemezo

kizafatwa kizavanwaho ku mpamvu z’uko no muri requête
unilatérale icyemezo gifatwa n’umucamanza naho kirangizwa
by’agateganyo (exécution par provision) nk’uko biteganywa
n’ingingo ya 330 y’itegeko 18/2004 ryo kuwa 20/06/2004
ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano,
iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nk’uko ryahinduwe
kandi rikuzuzwa kugeza ubu, agasubiza ko ECOBANK Rwanda
SA ariyo yazareba uko ibigenza, ko we asanga icyemezo
cyizafatwa kizaba ari icya burundu ;
Rumaze kumva Me Buzayire avuga ko we atariko abibona, ko

asanga icyemezo kizafatwa kizaba ari icy’agateganyo mu gihe
hategerejwe ko ikibazo cyazakemuka ukundi, ko ariko asanga
ikibazo kigomba gusubizwa n’urukiko ari ukumenya niba
Mme Rwigema ari tiers mu masezerano ECOBANk Rwanda
SA yagiranye na Mazimpaka, inzu yatanzeho ingwate ikaba
ariryo pfundo ry’ikibazo, ko agaruka ko ngingo aburanisha ko
Mme Rwigema yareze nabi nk’uko n’umucamanza wa mbere
yabibonye, ko ku bireba ECOBANK Rwanda SA icyemezo
giteganyijwe kizavanwaho n’uko amasezerano yubahirijwe
banki igahabwa ibyayo, ko naho ubundi ibyo ababuranyi be
bavuga ari amayeri yo gushaka uko Mme Rwigema n’umugabo
we bakwambura ECOBANK Rwanda SA;
Rumaze kumva Me Rutabingwa avuga ko niba banki yarakoze

amasezerano afite inenge, urukiko rutabirengaho ngo ruvuge
ko iri m’ukuri , ko ku birebana na ‘’caution solidaire ‘’ iboneka
muri ayo masezerano Mazimpaka yagiranye na ECOBANK,
nubwo ingingo (clause) yerekeranye nayo ikunda kuboneka
mu masezerano y’inguzanyo yose, uwo yarebaga muri
ariya masezerano ari umugore, icyo gihe hakaba hagomba
80
kubahirizwa amategeko agenga umuryango, ko ibyo aribyo

byose amasezerano Mazimpaka yagiranye na ECOBANK
Rwanda SA hatubahirijwe amategeko, ataba impamvu ko
umutungo asangiye n’umugore we wazimangatana, ko hakwiye
kwitabwaho n’uko Mazimpaka ari mu gushaka uburyo bwose
yakiranuka na ECOBANK Rwanda SA ;
Rumaze kubona ko iburanisha ry’urubanza ryashojwe,

ababuranyi bakamenyeshwa ko icyemezo cyizatangazwa kuwa
21 Nyakanga 2008, kuri iyo tariki ntibyashoboka kuko urubanza
rwari rugisuzumwa mu mwiherero, nyuma urukiko ruruca mu
buryo bukurikira :
Rusanze ikirego cya Mme Rwigema kigamije gusaba

guhagarika igurishwa na ECOBANK Rwanda SA ry’inzu n°
818 iri ku Kimihurura, yatanzweho ingwate n’umugabo we
Mazimpaka Déogratias mu masezerano y’inguzanyo yagiranye
na ECOBANK SA Mme Rwigema atabyemeye kandi iyo nzu
iri mu mutungo basangiye kuko bashyingiranwa bagiranye
amasezerano y’ivangamutungo ;
Rusanze imiterere y’icyo kirego ituma kitasuzumwa hatarebwe

amasezerano y’inguzanyo yabaye hagati ya Mazimpaka na
ECOBANK Rwanda SA iyo nzu yatanzweho ingwate ikomokaho,
bikaba rero bitakwitwa gutandukira urukiko rugize icyo ruvuga
ku buryo yakozwe ;
Rusanze Mme Rwigema, uretse n’uko atemeye ayo masezerano

ku mpamvu z’uko atayasinyeho, asanga anyuranije n’amategeko
amurengera akurikira:
-Ingingo ya 29 y’Itegeko Nshinga ryo kuwa 04/06/2004 iteganya

ko buri muntu afite uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite, waba
uwe ku giti cye cyangwa uwo afatanyije n’abandi, ko kandi uwo
mutungo utavogerwa ;
-Ingingo ya 3, 21-22 z’itegeko n°22/99 ryo kuwa 12/11/1999
ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere cy’urwunge rw’amategeko
81
mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye

imicungire y’umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, n’ingingo za 33-38
z’itegeko ry’ubutaka n°08/2005 ryo kuwa 14/07/2005;
Rusanze by’umwihariko ingingo ya 21 y’itegeko n°22/99 ryo

kuwa 12/11/1999 rimaze kuvugwa iteganya ibikurikira:
“Uko imicungire y’umutungo n’uburyo bawucunga byaba

biri kose, ubwumvikane bw’abashyingiranywe ni ngombwa
mu gutanga ikitimukanwa bwite n’umutungo bahuriyeho no
kubitangaho ubundi burenganzira bwose“, naho ingingo ya 22
y’iryo tegeko igateganya ibi bikurikira:
“Umwe mu bashyingiranywe wagize amasezerano ku mutungo

agomba ubwumvikane bwabo bombi, agomba mu gihe cyo
kuyakora cyangwa mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu akurikira, gusaba
uwo bashyingiranywe ko ayemera;
Iryo yemera rimenyeshwa mu nyandiko uwo bagiranye

amasezerano; iyo nta gisubizo yatanze nyuma y’ukwezi
gukurikira umunsi yabimenyesherejweho, ukwemera kwe
gufatwa nk’aho kwatanzwe mu buryo budasubirwaho;
Iyo uwagombaga kubyemera atabashije kuboneka cyangwa

kugaragaza igitekerezo cye abitewe n’impamvu zikomeye,
amasezerano aba ntakuka iyo hashize umwaka ku bintu
byimukanwa n’imyaka itanu ku bintu bitimukanwa“;
Rusanze mu ibaruwa yo kuwa 15/09/2004 iyari BCDI yoherereje

Mazimpaka Déogratias imumenyesha ko imuhaye inguzanyo ya
40.812.541 frw yari yasabye mu ibaruwa ye yo kuwa 26/07/2004,
ikanamumenyesha ibyangombwa agomba kuzuza, harimo ko
agomba gutanga ingwate ku kibanza kiri ku Kimihurura n°818
plan cadastral y’Umujyi wa Kigali, uburenganzira kuri BCDI bwo
kukigurisha, akanatanga undi muntu wakwishyura mu mwanya
we ibyo agomba byose (caution solidaire) mu gihe atubahirije
inshingano ze;
82
Rusanze ingwate ivugwa muri Rusanze ibanziriza iyi yarongeye

kuvugwa mu masezerano yo kuwa 17/09/2004 (convention
d’ouverture de crédit avec constitution
d’hypothèque) yanasinyweho na notaire kuri iyo tariki,
hanasobanurwa ko igizwe n’ikibanza n’ibishobora
kuzacyubakwamo byose;
Rusanze “caution solidaire“ ivugwa muri ayo masezerano

yatanzwe mo ingwate ku kintu kiri mu mutungo Mazimpaka
asangiye na Mme Rwigema, nta wundi muntu yareba uretse
Mme Rwigema mu gihe ECOBANK Rwanda SA itagaragarije
urukiko umuntu (personne physique ou morale) wagombaga
kwishyurira Mazimpaka mu gihe atubahirije inshingano ze;
Rusanze Mme Rwigema wari usangiye umutungo na Mazimpaka

kubera ko bashyingiranwa bagiranye amasezerano yo kuvanga
umutungo, ntaho agaragara ko yemeye ku buryo ubwo aribwo
bwose ayo masezerano yatanzwemo ingwate asangiye
n’umugabo we Mazimpaka, bityo ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya
21 y’itegeko n°22/99 ryo kuwa 12/11/1999 ryavuzwe bikaba
bitubahirijwe, hakaba nta n’ikigaragaza
haba ku ruhande rwa ECOBANK Rwanda SA cyangwa urwa
Mazimpaka ko Mme Rwigema yaba yarasabwe kuyemera
ntabikore ngo habe hakurikizwa ingingo ya 22 y’iryo tegeko;
Rusanze ingingo ya 23 y’iryo tegeko ECOBANK iburanisha

iteganya ko imyenda yafashwe n’umwe mu bashyingiranywe
agamije gufata neza urugo....yishyurwa ku mutungo bahuriyeho
iyo bafitanye amasezerano y’ivangamutungo rusange cyangwa
w’umuhahano, itashingirwaho, mu gihe bigaragara ko umwenda
wafashwe na Mazimpaka muri BCDI, uretse ko utanakoreshejwe
ibyo wari ugenewe, wari urenze ibyo gufata neza urugo
(besoins/entretien du ménage), ahubwo amasezerano yawo
anakubiyemo ibintu biremereye birimo gutanga ingwate ku
mutungo utimukanwa ugizwe n’inzu n°818 iri ku Kimihurura
asangiye n’umugore we Rwigema atabizi;
Rusanze umuhanga mu mategeko Jean Pierre TOSI mu gitabo
83
cye ’ Manuel d’introduction au droit de l’entreprise, 5ème édition,

1990’’ ku rupapuro rwa 88 avuga ko ibirebana no gufata neza
urugo bireba buri wese mu bashakanye hatitawe ku masezerano
y’uburyo bw’icunga mutungo bagiranye, bityo imyenda ifashwe
muri ubwo buryo n’umwe mu bashakanye ikaba yaryozwa
mugenzi we nk’aho ariwe wayifashe, uretse mu gihe byaba
bigaragara ko ayo mafaranga yatanzwe mu buryo bwo kwaya,
mu kugura ibintu byishyurwa mu byiciro bitandukanye cyangwa
ari inguzanyo yafashwe (achat à tempérament ou emprunt);
“Les dépenses exposées pour certaines charges du mariage,

celles relatives à l’entretien du ménage ou l’éducation des
enfants peuvent être faites par chacun des époux agissant
seul. Il y a ici une règle tout à fait exceptionnelle: les dettes
ainsi contractées par un époux engagent aussi pour leur totalité
(on dit solidairement) son conjoint, tout comme si ce dernier
les avait contractées lui-même, sauf s’il s’agit de dépenses
manifestement excessives, d’achats à tempérament ou
d’emprunt.
Rusanze rero hashingiwe ku bimaze kuvugwa byose nta

ruhare Mme Rwigema yagize muri ayo masezerano hagati ya
Mazimpaka na BCDI yatanzwemo ingwate inzu y’umuryango,
kuko atigeze ayamenyeshwa ngo ayemere, akaba atagomba
kumugiraho ingaruka; bityo inzu iri muri parcelle n° 818 ku
Kimihurura ikaba itagomba kugurishwa na ECOBANK Rwanda
SA;
Rusanze n’indishyi ECOBANK Rwanda SA isaba z’uko yashowe

mu manza ku maherere itazihabwa kuko ikirego cya Mme
Rwigema gifite ishngiro;
Rusanze ahubwo indishyi zo gukurikirana urubanza n’izijyanye

n’igihembo cy’avoka Mme Rwigema asaba zifite ishingiro, ariko
kubera ko izo asaba ari ikirenga, urukiko mu bushishozi bwarwo
rukaba rumugeneye 500.000 frw;
Kubera izo mpamvu:
84
Rwemeye kwakira ubujurire bwa Mme Rwigema Josephine

kuko bwatanzwe mu buryo n’inzira bikurikije amategeko;
Rwemeje ko bufite ishingiro;
Rwemeje ko inzu y’umuryango iri muri parcelle n° 818 ku

Kimihurura itagurishwa na ECOBANK Rwanda SA kubera
impamvu zasobanuwe muri Rusanze;
Rwemeje ko icyemezo cyafashwe kuwa 18/6/2008 n’Urukiko

Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kivanyweho;
Rutegetse ECOBANK Rwanda SA guha Mme Rwigema
Josephine 500.000 frw ajyanye no gukurikirana urubanza
n’ay’igihembo cya avoka;
Rutegetse ECOBANK Rwanda SA gutanga amagarama y’uru

rubanza angana na
28.650 frw, itayatanga mu gihe gitegetswe akavanwa mu byayo
ku ngufu za Leta .
RUKIJIJWE RUTYO KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME NONE

KU WA 24 NYAKANGA 2008 N’URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA,
RUGIZWE NA MUTASHYA JEAN BAPTISTE:PEREZIDA,
HAVUGIYAREMYE JULIEN NA KAYITESI R. EMILY:
ABACAMANZA, BAFASHIJWE NA MUNYANDAMUTSA JEAN
PIERRE, UMWANDITSI W’URUKIKO
MUTASHYA Jean Baptiste

Perezida
Sé
HAVUGIYAREMYE Julien KAYITESI R. Emily
Sé Sé
MUNYANDAMUTSA Jean Pierre
Umwanditsi
85
N° Y’URUBANZA: R.COM.A 0038/09/CS
HABURANA: SDV-RWANDA SARL / CORAR S.A
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI – AMASEZERANO Y’UBWIKOREZI -

UBUBASHA BW’INKIKO BUSHINGIYE KU IFASI MU MANZA
ZEREKEYE AMASOSIYETE Y’UBUCURUZI N’AMATEGEKO
AKURIKIZWA
UBUZIME BW’UBURENGANZIRA BWO KUREGA

BUSHINGIYE KU MASEZERANO Y’UBWIKOREZI
UBURENGANZIRA (MU BIREBANA N’IGIHE)

BW’UWISHYURIYE NYIRI AMAKOSA INDISHYI
Z’UBWISHINGIRE KUGIRANGO NAWE YISHYURWE.
INGARUKA ZO KWISHYUZA MU BIREBANA NO

GUHAGARIKA UBUZIME BW’IKIREGO
- Imanza zerekeye amasosiyete y’ubucuruzi n’indi miryango ifite

ubuzima gatozi itari iya Leta ziburanishirizwa mu rukiko rwo mu ifasi
irimo icyicaro cyabyo gikuru cyangwa aho ikiburanwa kiri, keretse
iyo byateganijwe ukundi mu masezerano hagati y’impande ziburana.
- Uburenganzira bwo kurega bushingiye ku masezerano y’ubwikorezi

buzima hashize imyaka ibiri. Igihe cy’ubuzime bw’ibirego byerekeye
amasezerano y’ubwikorezi bw’ibintu gitangira kubarwa, mu gihe
habaye ubwononekare, ku munsi ibicuruzwa byasohorejwe aho
bigomba kugera.
87
- Uwishyuye indishyi z’ubwishingire, afite uburenganzira bwo kurega

uwatumye azishyura kugirango arihwe, nk’uko uwishyuwe yari
kubyikorera ubwe. Amategeko akurikizwa ku wishyuye yerekeranye
n’ububasha bw’inkiko n’ubuzime bw’ikirego ni amwe n’ayagombaga
gukurikizwa ku wishyuwe. Uwishyuye indishyi z’ubwishingire
agomba kurega uwatumye azishyura igihe uwazishyuwe yari afite cyo
kuregera inkiko kitararenga.
- Kwishyuza ubwabyo gusa ntibihagije kugirango bihagarike ubuzime

bw’ikirego; ni ngombwa ko ugomba kwishyura abigaragariza
ubushake, nk’uko bigenda iyo habayeho ihamagaza ry’umuburanyi,
itegeko ryihanangiriza (mise en demeure) cyangwa ifatiramutungo,
n’iyo ugomba kwishyurwa cyangwa umutunzi (transporteur)
yiyemereye ubwe uburenganzira bwa nyir’ikintu.
88

RUHABURANISHIRIZA IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI, RWAKIJIJE
MU RUHAME KUWA 19/2/2010, URUBANZA RCOM.A
0038/09/CS MU BURYO BUKURIKIRA:
HABURANA:
UWAJURIYE:
SDV-RWANDA SARL (EX TRANSINTRA- RWANDA), BP 1338

KIGALI, ihagarariwe na Me RWANGAMPUHWE na bagenzi be.
UREGWA:
CORAR SA, BP 3869 KIGALI, ihagarariwe na Me MASUMBUKO

NDE Emile.

IKIREGERWA: Kujuririra urubanza R COM 0266/08/HCC
rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi
kuwa 29/4/2009.
IKIBURANWA:
-Remboursement des indemnités versées à l’assuré, SOCER

Sarl suite aux avaries constatées sur son four céramique
transporté sous la responsabilité de SDV- Rwanda Sarl ;
-Dommages et intérêts, intérêts commerciaux, frais et honoraires
d’Avocat ;
-Exécution provisoire du jugement.
[1] Kuwa 9/11/2004, habaye amasezerano yitwa « offre »

cyangwa (Quotation) hagati ya SDV ihagarariwe na
Suzanne IYAKAREMYE na Société de Céramiques
au Rwanda (SOCER) ihagarariwe na NSENGIMANA
89
Joseph. Muri ayo masezerano, SDV- RWANDA yemeye

kuzanira SOCER « Four céramique » kuva mu Butariyani
(Deruta) kugera i Kigali ku madorari 43.683 USD.
[2] Iyo « Four » yageze muri MAGERWA, maze abahanga

bayo basanga yarononekaye bikomeye nk’uko bivugwa
muri « Certificat d’Avarie » yo kuwa 4/2/2005.
[3] Kuwa 29/8/2005, CORAR yishyuye SOCER amafaranga

22.227.171 yo gukora iyo « Four ». CORAR yareze SDV-
RWANDA kugira ngo yishyurwe amafaranga y’indishyi
yatanze ngo kuko yasimbuye SOCER mu burenganzira
bwayo bwo kurega (subrogation).
II.IMIGENDEKERE Y’URUBANZA
1. MU RUKIKO RWISUMBUYE RWA NYARUGENGE
[4] Urubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa

Nyarugenge kuwa 9/7/2007 kuri N° R.COM 0530/07/TGI/
NYGE, CORAR SA irega SDV–RWANDA kuyishyura
22.227.171 Frw n’inyungu z’ubucuruzi, ariko urubanza
ntirwaburanishwa kugeza ubwo rwoherejwe mu Rukiko
Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kuko arirwo rufite ububasha bwo
kuruburanisha.
2. MU RUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI
[5] Dosiye igeze mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi yahawe

nimero nshya ariyo R. COM 0266/08/HCC, urubanza
rucibwa kuwa 29/4/2009, mu buryo bukurikira:
[6] Urukiko rwemeye kwakira ikirego cya CORAR SA,

ruvuga ko gifite ishingiro, rutegeka SDV–RWANDA guha
CORAR amafaranga yose hamwe angana na 30.648.692
Frw, itayatanga mu gihe gitegetswe, ikishyura 100.000
90
Frw buri kwezi y’indishyi z’ubukererwe, ikanatanga

1.225.948 Frw y’umusogongero wa Leta na 18.450 Frw
y’amagarama y’urubanza.
[7] Urwo Rukiko rwatanze ibisobanuro bikurikira:

Urukiko rwemeje ko rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha
uru rubanza kuko amasezerano y’ubwikorezi yakorewe
mu RWANDA hagati ya SOCER na SDV- RWANDA, ko
ari SDV- RWANDA igomba kuregwa murirwo kuko ari
Sosiyete igengwa n’amategeko y’u Rwanda.
Rwemeje kandi ko SOCER yari ifite amasezerano

y’ubwishingizi muri CORAR SA, bikaba byumvikana
rero ko yasimbuye SOCER mu burenganzira bwayo
bwo kurega SDV- RWANDA kuva umunsi yishyuriyeho
indishyi z’ubwishingire.
Rwemeje na none ko nta buzime bw’ikirego cya CORAR

SA bwabayeho kuko CORAR yishyuye SOCER indishyi
z’ubwishingire kuwa 29/8/2005 maze irega SDV-
RWANDA kuwa 9/7/2007 bivuga ko ikirego cyatanzwe
mu gihe cy’imyaka ibiri giteganywa n’amategeko.
Rwemeje rero ko SDV- RWANDA igomba kuryozwa

ubwononekare bwa “Four Céramique” nk’umwikorezi,
bityo ko igomba kwishyura ikiguzi cyayo n’indishyi
z’ubucuruzi za 15 % zigenwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko
kuva kuwa 27/5/2007 kugeza kuwa 29/4/2009.
3. MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
[8] SDV – RWANDA yajuririye urwo rubanza mu

Rukiko rw’Ikirenga kuwa 27/5/2009 ubujurire bwayo
bwandikwa kuri n° R.COM.A 0038/09/CS, umucamanza
w’ibanzirizasuzuma yemeza kuwa 15/7/2009 ko ubujurire
bwa SDV–RWANDA bwatanzwe mu buryo no mu nzira
bikurikije amategeko.
91
[9] Kuwa 27/5/2009 ababuranira SDV–RWANDA batanze

umwanzuro muri uru Rukiko. Mu ncamake bavuga ko
SDV–RWANDA yajurijwe n’uko Urukiko rwaciye urubanza
rukurikije amategeko y’u Rwanda kandi rutabifitiye
ububasha ngo kuko ubwo bubasha bufitwe n’Inkiko zo
mu Bubiligi (Anvers). Ikindi n’uko Urukiko rwemeje ko
ikirego cya CORAR cyakiriwe kandi cyaratanzwe igihe
cyararenze. Indi mpamvu n’uko CORAR yareze SDV–
RWANDA kandi itari umwikorezi, ko ahubwo yari kurega
SDV TRANSAMI KENYA LTD yabaye umwikorezi wa
nyuma. Umucamanza yakoze ikosa yemeza ko SOCER
ifite amasezerano y’ubwishingire muri CORAR kandi
ataribyo, ntiyanasubiza ku mpamvu zose z’ubujurire za
SDV–RWANDA.
[10] Itegeko n° 0045/09/R.COM ryo kuwa 23/9/2009 rya

Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ryashyize iburanisha
ry’uru rubanza kuwa 27/10/2009 uwo munsi ugeze,
Urukiko rusanga hitabye SDV– RWANDA ihagarariwe
na Me RWANGAMPUHWE, naho CORAR ihagarariwe
na Me MASUMBUKO, Me RWANGAMPUHWE yasabye
igihe gihagije cyo gutegura imyanzuro yo gusubiza iya
mugenzi we, iburanisha ryimurirwa kuwa 7/1/2010. Uwo
munsi ugeze, hitaba SDV– RWANDA iburanirwa na
Me RWANGAMPUHWE na Me ITUZE, naho CORAR
ihagarariwe na Me MASUMBUKO.
[11] Nyumwa y’isomwa rya raporo y’urubanza, ijambo

ryahawe Me RWANGAMPUHWE na Me ITUZE kugira
ngo batange impamvu z’ubujurire za SDV– RWANDA,
Me RWANGAMPUHWE avuga ko impamvu nyamukuru
y’ubujurire ari uko umucamanza yaciye urubanza
anakurikiza amategeko y’u RWANDA nyamara Inkiko
z’u Rwanda zitabifitiye ububasha. Yasobanuye ko
umucamanza yirengagije amazeserano y’ubwikorezi
yatanzwe na SDV BELGIUM arimo agace (clause) kavuga
ko Inkiko zo mu Bubiligi (Anvers) arizo zifite ububasha
92
bwo kuburanisha urubanza zigakurikiza amategeko yaho

kuko ariho SDV BELGIUM ifite icyicaro kandi ikorera no
kuba ariho « Connaissement de Transport Combiné »
(CTC) yakorewe. Ikindi n’uko atari SDV– RWANDA
igomba kuregwa muri uru rubanza kuko amasezerano
yo kuwa 20/11/2004 agaragaza abayakoranye
aribo SOCER, SDV BELGIUM NV na FORNI FICOLA
ariko ko umucamanza yirengagije ayo masezerano
yemeza ko Madamu Suzanne IYAKAREMYE yasinye
« quotation » ahagarariye SDV- RWANDA.
[12] Yasobanuye ko habaye ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga

maze haba uruhererekane rw’amasezerano bivuga ko
nta masezerano y’ubwikorezi yabereye mu RWANDA,
ko muri ubwo bucuruzi abagiranye amasezerano bazwi
aribo : utumiza ibintu mu mahanga, ubimuha akanabigeza
ku bandi bikorezi, ko rero ibikubiye muri ayo masezerano
binareba umwishingizi.

[13] Me RWANGAMPUHWE yavuze kandi ko SDV– RWANDA
yajurijwe n’uko umucamanza atubahirije ihame rivuga ko
ikimenyetso gifatwa uko cyakabaye cyose. Asobanura
ko umucamanza yemeye ibikubiye muri « quotation »
avuga ko afite ububasha bwo kuburanisha urubanza ngo
kuko Madamu Suzanne IYAKAREMYE yari ahagarariye
SDV– RWANDA igihe yasinyaga amasezerano nyamara
ntiyemera iby’ububasha bwe ni ukuvuga ahavuga ko
Suzanne IYAKAREMYE yisinye « quotation » ahagarariye
SDV- TRANSAMI Anvers, bivuga rero ko umucamanza
yanyuranyije n’ihame rimubuza gushakira ibimenyetso
ahandi hatari muri dosiye.
[14] Yavuze na none ko SDV– RWANDA yajurijwe n’uko

Urukiko rwakiriye ikirego cya CORAR kandi yarareze
SDV– RWANDA idakora umurimo w’ubwikorezi, ko
ahubwo yari kurega SDV TRANSAMI KENYA LTD
nk’umwikorezi wa nyuma cyangwa SDV- TRANSAMI
93
Anvers nk’umwikorezi wa mbere watanze

« Connaissement de Transport Combiné » nk’uko
bivugwa muri « Certificat d’Avarie » n’amasezerano
y’ubwikorezi.
[15] Me RWANGAMPUHWE yavuze ko ashingira ku
ngingo ya 3, 4, 5 na 13 z’amasezerano y’ubwikorezi
bwo mu mazi (Connaissement Maritime) kugira
ngo yemeze ko ari SDV TRANSAMI KENYA LTD
na SDV BELGIUM zigomba kuregwa muri uru
rubanza. Asabwe kwerekana aho avuga ko ari
umwikorezi wa nyuma ugomba kuregwa, avuga
ko uyu mwikorezi ataregwa, ko ahubwo haregwa
uwa mbere ariwe SDV- TRANSAMI Anvers kuko
ariwe wishyuwe amafaranga, ariko ko amategeko
y’u Rwanda ateganya ko haregwa umwikorezi wa
mbere cyangwa uwa nyuma.
[16] Ababuranira SDV- RWANDA bahawe ijambo kugira
ngo bagire icyo bavuga aho umucamanza wa mbere
yavuze ko SDV- RWANDA itatanze amakuru ahagije
kuri SOCER igihe bakoranaga amasezerano yitwa
« Offre », Me RWANGAMPUHWE avuga ko SOCER
yabimenye mbere hose igihe yaguraga ibicuruzwa
na SDV- TRANSAMI Anvers, ko iyi Sosiyete
yeretse SOCER uzapakira ibicuruzwa barangije
bakorana amasezerano mu ncuro eshatu nk’uko
n’amasezerano y’inguzanyo (crédit documentaire)
abigaragaza.
[17] Me RWANGAMPUHWE yavuze kandi ko SDV-
RWANDA yajurijwe n’uko Urukiko Rukuru
rw’Ubucuruzi rwakiriye ikirego cya CORAR kandi
harabaye ubuzime bwacyo kuko ingingo ya 27,
igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko ryo kuwa 19/1/1920
ryerekeye Intumwa mu bucuruzi n’Abikorezi
iteganya ko uburenganzira bwo kurega bushingiye
ku masezerano y’ubwikorezi buzima hashize
imyaka ibiri. Yavuze ko igihe cy’ubuzime bw’
imyaka ibiri kigomba kubarwa kuva kuwa 24/2/2005
umunsi SOCER yatahuriyeho ko ibicuruzwa byayo
byononekaye, ko kuva icyo gihe ukagera mu 2009,
usanga ubukererwe bwabo bugera ku myaka itanu.
94
[18] Yavuze kandi ko umucamanza wa mbere yibagiwe

gushingira ku gihe cy’amezi 9 giteganyijwe mu
masezerano y’ubwikorezi kandi aricyo cyemejwe
n’abayagiranye, ko iyo umucamanza abona ko atari igihe
cy’amezi 9 cyagombaga gukurikizwa yari kwerekana
Itegeko ry’Ububirigi ryishwe. Yavuze ko irindi kosa
umucamanza yakoze ari uko yahereye kuri « Certificat
d’Assurance » yakozwe kuwa 13/11/2004 yemeza ko
SDV- RWANDA irebwa n’amasezerano y’ubwikorezi
yakozwe nyuma kuwa 20/11/2004.
[19] Me RWANGAMPUHWE yavuze ko indi mpamvu

y’ubujurire ya SDV- RWANDA ari uko umucamanza
yemeje ko SOCER ifite amasezerano y’ubwishingire muri
CORAR nyamara « Certificat d’Assurance » yashingiweho
itagaragaza ko hakozwe amasezerano y’ubwishingire,
bityo ko umucamanza yanyuranyije n’ingingo ya 5
y’Itegeko - Teka n° 20/75 ryo kuwa 20/6/19975 ryerekeye
Amategeko y’ubwishingizi. Ikindi n’uko amasezerano
y’ubwishingire bavuga atareba SDV-RWANDA kuko
muri « quotation » yo kuwa 9/11/2004 havugwa ko nta
bwishingire SDV-RWANDA igomba gufata mu bwikorezi
bw’iyo « four ». Ikindi n’uko CORAR igomba kwirengera
ingaruka z’amasezerano y’ubwishingizi ivuga kuko yari
izi ko ibyago bishobora kubaho.
[20] Me RWANGAMPUHWE yavuze ko indi mpamvu

y’ubujurire ari uko umucamanza atahaye agaciro
ibikubiye mu masezerano y’ubwikorezi na « Certificat
d’Avarie » nyamara izo nyandiko zifite agaciro hakurikijwe
ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 202 y’Igitabo cya gatatu
cy’amategeko y’imbonzamubano yerekeye imirimo
nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano n’ingingo ya 29
y’Itegeko ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa
ryabyo.
95
[21] Urukiko rwahaye ijambo Me MASUMBUKO uburanira

CORAR kugira ngo asubize ku mpamvu z’ubujurire za
SDV-RWANDA, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi
rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza kuko
SDV-RWANDA ari Sosiyete igengwa n’amategeko y’u
Rwanda, kuko ifite icyicaro mu Rwanda kandi ihakorera
nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 123 y’Itegeko Ngenga
n° 7/2004 ryo kuwa 25/4/2004 ryerekeye imiterere,
imikorere n’ububasha by’Inkiko nk’uko ryahinduwe kandi
ryujujwe kugeza ubu.
[22] Asobanura ko Inkiko zo mu Bubiligi zidafite ububasha

bwo kuburanisha uru rubanza kuko CORAR itareze
SDV- TRANSAMI Anvers kuko itayizi. Kuba SDV-
RWANDA yariyambaje andi masosiyete y’ubwikorezi
(sous-traitance) nta gitangaza kirimo kuko SOCER yari
yarabimenyeshejwe muri « Offre » yo kuwa 9/11/2004,
kandi ko biteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 17 y’Itegeko ryo kuwa
19/1/1920 ryerekeye Intumwa mu bucuruzi n’Abikorezi,
ko gusa ikibazo kiri muri « offre » ari uko SDV-RWANDA
itagaragaje aho uburenganzira bwayo bwo kwiyambaza
n’undi mwikorezi (sous-traitance) butangirira n’aho
burangirira.
[23] Urukiko rwabajije Me MASUMBUKO niba yemeranya

n’umucamanza wa mbere wavuze ko SOCER itahawe
amakuru ahagije igihe yasinyaga « Offre », avuga ko nta
makuru SOCER yari ifite kuko nk’umukiliya itashoboraga
kubona inyandiko y’ubwikorezi (connaissement) mbere
y’uko ubwikorezi bw’ibicuruzwa butangira.
[24] Ku mpamvu y’uko umucamanza atahaye agaciro ibikubiye

muri « offre » byose, Me MASUMBUKO avuga ko nta
shingiro ifite kuko SOCER yagiranye amasezerano na
SDV- TRANSAMI RWANDA ihagarariwe na Suzanne
IYAKAREMYE ; ko kuba Suzanne IYAKAREMYE yari
umukozi wa SDV- TRANSAMI Anvers ukorera muri
96
SDV-RWANDA ari ikibazo kireba ayo masosiyete yombi

gusa kuko bitumvikana ukuntu umukiliya yaza gukorana
amasezerano na SDV-RWANDA ngo bamubwire ko
bakorera indi sosiyete itagaragara.
[25] Ku mpamvu ya SDV- RWANDA y’uko ikirego cya CORAR

kitagomba kwakirwa kuko yareze SDV-RWANDA itari
umwikorezi, Me MASUMBUKO yavuze ko CORAR
yareze SDV-RWANDA kuko ariyo izi uburyo SDV-
TRANSAMI Anvers na SDV- TRANSAMI KENYA zaje mu
mu bwikorezi bwa « four ». Asobanura ko mu ibaruwa
yo kuwa 4/10/2005 SDV-RWANDA yandikiye SOCER
iyimenyesha ko hazakurikiranwa SDV- TRANSAMI
Anvers ariko ko mu iburanisha ry’urubanza bahinduye
imvugo kuko bavuga noneho ko ari SDV- TRANSAMI
KENYA ikwiye kuregwa.
[26] Ku byerekeye ubuzime bw’ikirego, Me MASUMBUKO

yasabye Urukiko gukurikiza ingingo za 636 – 644
z’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’amategeko y’imbonzamubano
yerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano.
Asobanura ko nta buzime bwahayeho kuko kuwa
3/2/2005 SOCER yandikiye SDV- RWANDA iyimenyesha
ko « four » yononekaye bikomeye (interpellation). Kuwa
4/10/2005 SDV- RWANDA isubiza ko hazakurikiranwa
SDV- TRANSAMI Anvers kuko ariyo yatanze inyandiko
y’ubwikorezi (CTC). Kuwa 9/11/2005 CORAR yandikiye
SDV- TRANSAMI Anvers, iyimenyesha uruhare rwayo
nk’umwikorezi wa « four » yononekaye. Kuwa 22/11/2006
iyo Sosiyete yasubije ko nta ruhare ibifitemo. Kuwa
27/5/2007 CORAR yishyuye SOCER indishyi maze
isaba SDV- RWANDA kwishyura izo ndishyi. Avuga ko
amategeko ateganya ko buri gihe iyo ugomba kwishyura
abisabwe, igihe cy’ubuzime bw’ikirego cy’imyaka ibiri
cyongera gutangira bundi bushya nk’uko binavugwa
n’abahanga mu mategeko.
97
[27] Me MASUMBUKO yavuze ko yemeranya n’umucamanza

wabaze igihe cy’ubuzime ahereye igihe CORAR yishyuriye
SOCER indishyi z’ubwishingire kuwa 29/8/2005, ko kandi
yagagaje mu myanzuro ye uko amategeko abiteganya
n’uko inyandiko z’abahanga mu mategeko zibivuga.
Yashoje asaba ko mu gihe Urukiko rwemeje ko impamvu
z’ubujurire za CORAR zifite ishingiro rwayisubiza
uburenganzira bwayo maze amafaranga yemejwe
n’umucamanza wa mbere akabarirwa indishyi kugeza
ubu.
[28] Me RWANGAMPUHWE yashoje asaba Urukiko ko

rwavuga ko rudafite ububasha bwo kuburanisha uru
rubanza, rukemeza ko ahubwo ubwo bubasha bufitwe
n’Inkiko zo mu Bubiligi kandi hagakurikizwa amategeko
yaho. Ku birebana n’ugomba kuregwa, avuga ko haregwa
SDV- TRANSAMI Anvers cyangwa SDV- TRANSAMI
KENYA LDT, ko igihe cy’ubuzime cy’ikirego cyasuzumwa
hakurikijwe amategeko yo mu Bubiligi, ko nta ndishyi
CORAR yatanga kuko nta masezerano SDV- RWANDA
ifitanye na CORAR.
[29] Urukiko rwashoje iburanisha, ababuranyi bamenyeshwa

ko urubanza ruzasomwa kuwa 19/2/2010; nyuma
ruriherera ruruca mu buryo bukurikira:
III UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA
[30] Mbere yo gusuzuma ingingo za SDV- RWANDA ku

bijyanye n’urubanza mu mizi, ni ngombwa kubanza
gukemura ibibazo by’inzitizi byatanzwe na SDV-RWANDA
by’iburabubasha bw’Inkiko z’u Rwanda n’ubuzime
bw’ikirego cya CORAR, izo nzitizi zikanaba zarabaye
zimwe mu mpamvu z’ubujurire za SDV- RWANDA muri
uru Rukiko.
98
[31] Ku byerekeye iburabubasha bw’Inkiko z’u RWANDA,

ingingo ya 123 y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 51/2008 ryo kuwa
9/9/2008 rigena imiterere, imikorere n’ububasha by’Inkiko
(igihe CORAR yaregaga yari ingingo ya 123 y’Itegeko
Ngenga n° 07/2004 ryo kuwa 25/4/2004) iteganyaga
ko ″Imanza zerekeye amasosiyete y’ubucuruzi n’indi
miryango ifite ubuzimagatozi itari iya Leta, ziburanishirizwa
mu rukiko rwo mu ifasi irimo icyicaro cyabyo gikuru,
cyangwa aho ikiburanwa kiri“.
[32] Abahanga mu mategeko5 bavuga ko mu masezerano
y’ubucuruzi, abacuruzi bashobora kwihitiramo Urukiko
ruzababuranisha igihe havutse ikibazo hagati yabo.
Urukiko rurasanga uko kwihitiramo kutakoreshwa muri
uru rubanza nk’uko ababuranira SDV-RWANDA babivuga
kuko bashingira ku masezerano y’ubwikorezi yabaye
hagati ya SOCER na SDV BELGIUM yo mu Bubiligi,
SDV BELGIUM ikaba itari umuburanyi muri uru rubanza,
ahubwo ababuranyi murirwo ari SDV- RWANDA yarezwe,
na CORAR yareze nk’uko bigaragazwa n’inyandiko
itanga ikirego yakorewe mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa
Nyarugenge kuwa 9/7/2007, bityo nta mpamvu ishyitse
SDV – RWANDA igaragaza yatuma iburanisha ry’uru
rubanza riva mu bubasha bw’Inkiko z’u Rwanda cyangwa
yatuma ruburanishwa hakurikizwa amategeko atari ay’u
Rwanda.
[33] Ku byerekeye ubuzime bw’uburenganzira bwo kurega,
ingingo ya 27 y’Itegeko ryo kuwa 19/1/1920 ryerekeye
Intumwa mu bucuruzi n’Abikorezi iteganya ko:
″Uburenganzira bwo kurega bushingiye ku masezerano
y’ubwikorezi buzima hashize imyaka ibiri. Ibirego
byerekeye amasezerano y’ubwikorezi bw’ibintu, igihe
cy’ubuzime bwayo gitangira kubarwa (...), mu gihe habaye
ubwononekare, ku munsi ibicuruzwa byasohorejwe aho
bigomba kugera“.
5
M. Ghislain de Monteynard, Le libre choix du juge par les Commerçants,
www.Courdecassation.fr>, 2001.
99
[34] Dosiye igaragaza ko umunsi SOCER yashyikirijwe

ibicuruzwa byayo igasanga byononekaye ari kuwa
3/2/2005 nk’uko ibyivugira mu ibaruwa yandikiye
SDV- RWANDA iyimenyesha ko itabyakiriye kubera
ubwononekare (réserves) n’impuguke za MAGERWA
zibitangira ″Certificat d’Avarie″ zakoze bukeye kuwa
4/2/2005. Hakurikijwe rero ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 27
y’Itegeko rimaze kuvugwa haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga
uburenganzira bwa SOCER bwo kuregera Inkiko
butangira kubarwa kuva kuwa 3/2/2005 bukageza kuwa
2/2/2007.
[35] Sheki n° 000471464 ya COGEBANQUE iri muri dosiye
igaragaza ko CORAR yishyuye SOCER indishyi
z’ubwishingire zingana na 22.227.171 Frw kuwa
29/8/2005, bikaba bivuga ko ariwo munsi yasimburiyeho
SOCER mu burenganzira bwayo bwo kuregera Inkiko
mu rugero rw’indishyi yatanze nk’uko biteganywa mu
ngingo ya 32, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko n° 20/75 ryo
kuwa 20/6/1975 ryerekeye Amategeko y’Ubwishingizi
igira iti: ″Uwishingiye wishyuye indishyi z’ubwishingire,
asimbura uwo yishingiye, mu rugero rw’indishyi yatanze,
mu byerekeye uburenganzira no gukurikirana abandi
bantu batumye yishyura kubera ibikorwa byabo“.
[36] Ikibazo ni ukumenya niba igihe cy’ubuzime cy’imyaka ibiri
kuri CORAR yasimbuye SOCER mu rugero rw’indishyi
yatanze kigomba kubarwa kuva kuwa 29/8/2005 umunsi
yishyuriyeho indishyi z’ubwishingire cyangwa kuva kuwa
3/2/2005 umunsi SOCER yashyikirijwe ibicuruzwa byayo
igasanga byononekaye.
[37] Kuri icyo kibazo, Urukiko rurasanga uburenganzira bwo
kurega bwa SOCER yishyuwe bwaragezaga gusa kuwa
29/08/2005, CORAR wayishyuye maze ikayisimbura muri
ubwo burenganzira bwo kuba yarega SDV- RWANDA,
butarenga ubw’uwo yabusimbuyemo, ngo bube bwarenza
ya taliki burangiriraho yo kuwa 02/02/2007.
[38] Inyandiko z’abahanga mu mategeko zivuga ko
100
uwishyuye indishyi z’ubwishingire afite ububasha bwo

kurega uwatumye azishyura kugira ngo azishyurwe
nk’uko uwishyuwe yari kubyikorera wenyine. Amategeko
akurikizwa k’uwishyuye indishyi yerekeranye n’ububasha
bw’Inkiko n’ubuzime bw’ikirego ni amwe ni ayagombaga
gukurikizwa k’uwishyuwe. Uwishyuye indishyi
z’ubwishingire agomba kurega uwatumye azishyura igihe
uwazishyuwe yari afite cyo kuregera Inkiko kitararenga.
[39] Uko ni nako Abahanga mu mategeko babisobanura mu

magambo y’igifaransa nka Jean- François CARLOT
ugira ati: ″Elle (subrogation) permet donc à l’assureur
d’agir, es qualité de subrogé contre le tiers responsable
pour obtenir le remboursement de l’indemnité versée,
dans les mêmes conditions qu’aurait pu le faire l’assuré.
Les règles de compétence et de prescription sont donc
celles de l’action principale de l’assuré″6. Umuhanga
mu mategeko DJAMILA MEKADMI nawe agira ati: ″Le
subrogé doit donc agir contre le responsable avant que
l’action dont disposait le subrogeant soit prescrite″ 7.
[40] Urukiko rurasanga rero, CORAR yari ifite uburenganzira

bwo kuba yarega SDV-RWANDA mu gihe gusa cyari
kigisigaye kugira ngo SOCER ibe yabasha kurega,
ni ukuvuga bitarenze kuwa 02/02/2007, bityo kuba
yaratanze ikirego nyuma y’iyo taliki, ku wa 09/07/2007,
ikaba yarareze ikererewe, icyo kirego rero kikaba
kitaragombaga kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe.
[41] Ku miburanire ya CORAR ivuga ko yagiye yibutsa

SDV-RWANDA kwishyura indishyi, ngo ibyo bikaba
byaratumye ubuzime butabaho, Urukiko rurasanga
kuba byonyine ugomba kwishyurwa yaribukije ugomba
6
Jean- François CARLOT, Droit des Assurances-Règlement du sinistre, p.
42.
7
DJAMIRA MEKADMI, Droit maritime et des Transports, Le recours subroga-
toire en assurance, Mémoire, 2004, p.42.
101
kumwishyura ariko uyu ntabigaragarize ubushake,

bitafatwa nk’igikorwa gihagarika ubuzime bw’ikirego
nk’uko bigenda iyo habaye ihamaza ry’umuburanyi,
itegeko ryihanangiriza cyangwa ifatira-mutungo n’iyo
ugomba kwishyura cyangwa umutunzi yiyemereye ubwe
uburenganzira bwa ny’ir’ikintu nk’uko biboneka mu
ngingo za 638 na 640 z’igitabo cya gatatu cy’amategeko
y’imbonezamubano, izo ngingo zinakurikizwa mu
masezerano y’ubwishingizi nk’uko bivugwa n’Umuhanga
mu mategeko Hubert LIBERT8, naho kwishyuza ubwabyo
gusa, nk’uko bivugwa mu ngingo ya 641 y’Itegeko rimaze
kuvugwa, bikaba bidahagije kugira ngo bihagarike
ubuzime bw’ikirego, mu gihe haba hatabaye ibiteganywa
n’ingingo za 638 na 640 zivuzwe haruguru.
[42] Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rurasanga rero kuba Urukiko Rukuru

rw’Ubucuruzi rwaraburanishije urubanza rwa CORAR
kandi harabaye ubuzime ari ikosa rigomba gukosorwa,
bityo bitabaye ngombwa gusuzuma izindi ngingo
z’ababuranyi mu mizi y’urubanza, hakaba hagomba
kuvanwaho urubanza n° RCOM 0266/08/HCC rwakiriye
ikirego cya CORAR SA kandi harabaye ubuzime bwacyo.
4 ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO
[43] RWEMEJE kwakira ubujurire bwa SDV- RWANDA kuko

bwatanzwe mu buryo no mu nzira bikurikije amategeko.

[44] RWEMEJE ko ubwo bujurire bufite ishingiro ku bijyanye
n’inzitizi y’ubuzime bw’ikirego.
[45] RWEMEJE ko urubanza n° R COM 0266/08/HCC

rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kuwa 29/4/2009
ruvanweho.
[46] RUTEGETSE CORAR gutanga amagarama y’uru
rubanza angana na 28.550 Frw.

Hubert LIBERT, Droit des Assurances, Manuels de Droit Rwandais, E.
8
Bruylant, Bruxelles, 1993, p. 53.
102

KUWA 19/2/2010 N’URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA RUGIZWE
NA MUGENZI LOUIS-MARIE: PEREZIDA, KAYITESI
RUSERA EMILY NA RUGABIRWA RUBEN, ABACAMANZA,
BAFASHIJWE NA GAKURU Ahmed, UMWANDITSI
W’URUKIKO.
MUGENZI Louis-Marie
Perezida
KAYITESI RUSERA Emily RUGABIRWA Ruben

GAKURU Ahmed
103
N° Y’URUBANZA : RCOM AA0041/08/CS IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI
N° Y’URUBANZA : RCOM AA0041/08/CS
HABURANA : MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac / LA RWANDAISE SARL
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI- AMASEZERANO Y’UBUGURE

BW’IKINTU KIZWI MU BWOKO BWACYO GUSA - KUMVIKANA
KU GICIRO CY’IKIGURISHWA KIZWI MU BWOKO BWACYO
GUSA – GUTAKARA KWACYO CYAMAZE KUMENYEKANA
UKUDASAZA KW’IKIREGO GUTURUTSE KU GUTINDA

KWANDIKA URUBANZA BITEWE N’IMPAMVU
ITIGOBOTORWA
GUTANGA NO KWISHINGIRA ICYAGURISHIJWE NKA ZIMWE

MU NSHINGANO Z’UGURISHA
GUKURURWA MU MANZA NTA MPAMVU
- Iyo umuguzi n’ugurisha bumvikanye ku kigurishwa kizwi mu

bwoko bwacyo gusa no ku giciro cyacyo, kiba kikiri mu mutungo
w’ugurishije igihe cyose kitarabona ibikiranga ; n’iyo gitakaye,
gifatwa nk’igihombo ku wagurishije.
- Icyagurishijwe mu bwoko bwacyo cyinjira mu mutungo w’umuguzi

iyo kimaze kubona ibikiranga, bityo umuguzi wacyegukanye
akirengera igihombo gituruka ku izimira ryacyo kabone n’iyo cyaba
cyaratakaye ataragishyikirizwa kandi bigaragara ko uwagurishije
nta kosa yabigizemo cyangwa ngo abe yarihanangirijwe, keretse iyo
impande zombi zagaragarije mu masezerano ko umuguzi azegukana
ikigurishwa ari uko yarangije kwishyura igiciro cyose cyangwa
yashyikirijwe ikigurishwa.
105
- Iyo ugomba inshingano yabujijwe gutanga cyangwa gukora icyo

yasezeranye bitewe n’impamvu itunguranye itigobotorwa (cas de
force majeure), nta ndishyi abitangira.
- Kuba urubanza rutinze kwandikwa mu bitabo by’urukiko no

gushyirwa kuri gahunda y’iburanisha bitewe n’impamvu zidaturutse
ku watanze ikirego ntibishobora kuba intandaro y’ubusaze bw’ikirego.
- Amategeko agenga igurisha ntaha ugurisha ikintu inshingano zo

kugishyikiriza (livraison) umuguzi. Amuha izo kukimuha (delivrance),
n’izo kugishinganisha (assurance) ; keretse iyo byumvikanyweho mu
masezerano.
- Umuburanyi ukuruwe mu manza nta mpamvu agenerwa indishyi

zemezwa mu bushishozi bw’urukkiko.
106
URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA, RURI I KIGALI,

RUHABURANISHIRIZA IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO,
RUKIJIJE MU RUHAME NONE KUWA 03/07/2009
URUBANZA N°RCAA 0041/08/CS MU BURYO
BUKURIKIRA:
HABURANA :
MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac, B.P. 354 KIGALI.

Na
LA RWANDAISE SARL, mu izina ry’umuyobozi wayo,BP713
KIGALI.
IKIBURANWA :
-Gusesa amasezerano y’ubugure bw’imodoka camion
MERCEDES BENZ, gusubizwa 22..332.686Frw (miliyoni
makumyabiri n’ebyiri n’ibihumbi magana atatu na mirongo itatu
na bibiri na magana atandatu na mirongo inani n’atandatu)
y’ubugure bw’imodoka.
-Inyungu zayo za 18% kuva kuwa 1/04/ 1998 kugeza umwenda
wishyuwe.
-Amafaranga y’ikurikirana rubanza.
INKOMOKO Y’IKIBAZO:
[1] Tariki 12/1/1994, MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac yagiranye

amasezerano na LA RWANDAISE y’ubuguzi bw’
imodoka yo mu bwoko bwa camion «MERCEDES-
BENZ 2628/45/64» yari gutumizwa hanze kuko ntayo
LA RWANDAISE yari isigaranye muri stock yayo,
MUNYAGASHEKE abishyura avanse ya 2.423.273frw ,
107
amafaranga asigaye yagombaga kuyishyura ari uko

ikamyo yageze i Kigali. Ku itariki ya 15/3/1994 LA
RWANDAISE yamubwiye ko ibiciro bigiye kuzamuka,
bamugira inama yo kwishyura amafaranga asigaye,
nibwo atanze sheki ya 19.909.407frw. Taliki ya 30/3/1994,
yatanze n’ayandi mafaranga angana 1250 USD ya
transport Nairobi-Kigali.
[2] Imodoka yishyuriwe imisoro kuwa 31/3/1994, bikozwe

na LA RWANDAISE, jenoside n’intambara biba
MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac atarayibona ariko yarageze muri
garaje ya LA RWANDAISE.
[3] Mu nyandiko yo kuwa 1/4/1998, MUNYAGASHEKE

yasabye LA RWANDAISE kumuha imdoka MERCEDES
BENZ 2628/45/6x4 baguze ifite ibiyiranga bikurikira:
-Chassis nr.IN.DB.6240331K 005371

-Moteur nr. 42291110714967
-cylindre: 14618 CC
-Puissance fiscale: 80 CV
-Licence 000010/9/T 69
-Année de construction: 1993
[4] Mu nyandiko yo kuwa 13/5/1998, ubuyobozi bwa LA

RWANDAISE bwamusubije bumubwira ko atayobewe
ko imodoka ye yibwe muri jenoside yo muri 1994, bukaba
ntacyo bwabikoraho kuko yibwe yarinjiye mu mutungo
we hakurikijwe ibivugwa mu mategeko yerekeye
amasezerano y’ubuguzi.
108
[5] Tariki 13/1/2003, MUNYAGASHEKE yatanze ikirego mu

Rukiko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Kigali, asaba gusubizwa
amafaranga yatanze agura imodoka, asaba n’indishyi
zinyuranye.
URUBANZA MU RUKIKO RWA MBERE RW’IREMEZO

RWA KIGALI
[6] Urukiko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa Kigali rwaciye urubanza
RC38.609/02 kuwa 20/3/2003, rwemeza ko amasezerano
y’ubugure bw’imodoka “CAMION MERCEDES BENZ”
hagati ya MUNYAGASHEKE na LA RWANDAISE
agomba guseswa, rutegeka LA RWANDAISE kwishyura
MUNYAGASHEKE amafaranga yose hamwe angana na
39.744.247, rutegeka n’irangizarubanza ry’agateganyo
kuri 22.332.680frw y’ubuguzi bw’imodoka kabone n’iyo
rwajuririrwa.
[7] Urukiko rwasobanuye ko « amasezerano y’ubugure

bw’imodoka MERCEDES BENZ hagati ya
MUNYAGASHEKE na LA RWANDAISE agomba guseswa
kuko ashyirwaho MUNYAGASHEKE yasabwe kubanza
kwishyura igice cya mbere cy’amafaranga imodoka ikabona
gutumizwa mu mahanga, yagera mu Rwanda akabona
kwishyura igice cya kabiri; yasabwe rero kwishyura icyo gice
cya kabiri imodoka itaraboneka kubera ibiciro byari bigiye
kuzamuka, intambara itera imodoka itaragera i Kigali ngo
ishyikirizwe MUNYANGASHEKE Isaac; bityo rero n’ubwo
échange de consentement yabayeho ariko transfert de
propriété ijyana na transfert de risque ntiyabayeho kuko
Société LA RWANDAISE ntiyashoboraga gutanga ibyo
idatunze » ;
109
URUBANZA MU RUKIKO RUKURU:

[8] LA RWANDAISE ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urwo rubanza,
irujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire rwa Kigali kuwa
26/03/2003.
[9] Inkiko zahozeho zavuyeho ubujurire bwa MUNYAGASHEKE

butarasuzumwa, nyuma y’ivugururwa ry’urwego
rw’Ubucamanza, urubanza rwimurirwa mu Rukiko Rukuru
rwa Repubulika ku cyicaro cyarwo i Kigali hakurikijwe
ingingo ya 181,3° y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 07/2004 ryo kuwa
25/04/2004 rigena Imiterere, Imikorere n’ Ububasha by’
Inkiko, rwandikwa kuri n°RCA 0254/05/HC/KIG.
[10] Uwaburaniraga MUNYAGASHEKE yasabye Urukiko

Rukuru rwa Repubulika kwemeza ko urubanza rwashaje
nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 138 y’Itegeko n°18/2004
ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano,
iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi. Mu gusobanura
iyo nzitizi yavugaga ko LA RWANDAISE itigeze ikurikirana
urubanza kuva aho inkiko nshya zitangiriye gukora muri
2004.
[11] Uwaburaniraga MUNYAGASHEKE yanasabye ko mu gihe

rwasanga iyo nzitizi nta shingiro ifite rwakwakira ubujurire
bwe bwuririye ku bwa LA RWANDAISE, igategekwa
kumusubiza amafaranga yatanze agura imodoka,
hiyongereyeho inyungu zayo za 18% kuva kuwa 1/04/1998
kugeza urubanza ruciwe, ni ukuvuga 41.404.500frw yose
hamwe, hiyongereyeho kandi 500.000frw yo gukurikirana
urubanza mu rwego rwa mbere na 800.000frw yo
110
gukurikirana urubanza mu rwego rwa kabiri, yose hamwe

akaba 65.067.180frw.
[12] Kuwa 4/8/2006 Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo ku nzitizi

yerekeye ubusaze bw’ikirego, ruvuga ko nta shingiro
ifite kuko kuba urubanza rwarahagaze bitaturutse kuri
LA RWANDAISE. Urukiko rwasobanuye ko mbere
y’ivugururwa ry’inzego z’ubucamanza, urubanza mu Rukiko
rw’Ubujurire rwa Kigali rwahamagawe kuburanishwa
inshuro nyinshi, iya nyuma akaba ari kuwa 08/01/2004,
uwo munsi LA RWANDAISE isaba ko MUNYAGASHEKE
yahamagazwa ahatazwi, nyuma y’ivugururwa urubanza
rushyirwa mu zigomba kuburanishwa n’Urukiko Rukuru
rwa Repubulika ariko ntirwandikwa mu bitabo bishya
by’urwo rukiko kugeza MUNYAGASHEKE atanze ikirego
gisaba urukiko kwemeza ko urubanza rwashaje.
[13] Ku byerekeye urubanza mu mizi yarwo, Urukiko Rukuru

rwaciwe urubanza kuwa 03/10/2008, rwemeza ko
ubujurire bwa LA RWANDAISE bufite ishingiro, rukiza ko
itsinze, rutegeka MUNYAGASHEKE kwishyura 200.000
frw y’uko yayireze nta kosa ifite.
[14] Urukiko rwasobanuye icyemezo cyarwo mu buryo

bukurikira:
“Ingingo ya 263 igika cya mbere cy’Itegeko ryo ku wa

30/071888 ryerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa
amategeko iteganya ko:« igurisha ni amasezerano atuma
umwe yiyemeza gutanga ikintu naho undi akishyura
111
igiciro cyemeranijwe » n’ingingo ya 264 y’iyo Tegeko

igateganya ko:«igurisha riba ryuzuye hagati y’abagiranye
amasezerano kandi ugurisha akegurira burundu umuguzi
icyagurishijwe mu gihe bumvikanye ku kintu no ku giciro
cyacyo n’ubwo ikigurishwa kitari cyatangwa n’ikiguzi
cyacyo kikaba kitari cyishyurwa.
Abahanga mu mategeko Philippe MALAURIE na Laurent

AYNES (Cours de droit civil, les contrats spéciaux,
édition CUJAS, 1995, p.179- 180) banditse bavuga ko
: « Le principe est que la charge des risques est liée
à la propriété : res perit domino. Chaque fois que la
propriété est transférée instantanément, par le seul effet
du contrat, c’est sur l’acheteur que, normalement, pèsent
les risques, dès la conclusion du contrat. Aussi est-il tenu
de payer Ie prix même si la chose a péri. La loi applique
le principe à la vente à distance: la marchandise sortie
du magasin du vendeur ou de l’expéditeur, s ‘il n’y a pas
convention contraire, voyage aux risques et périls de
celui à qui elle appartient, sauf son recours contre le
commissionaire et le voiturier chargé du transport ».
N’abandi bahanga mu mategeko nka Francois COLLART

DUTILLEUL na Philippe DELEBECQUE (contrats civils
et commerciaux, 2ème édition, Précis Dalloz, p.166-
167) nabo bavuga bati : «Les risques de la chose
incombent au propriétaire. Ils sont donc transférés du
vendeur à l’acheteur en même temps que la propriété.
Par conséquent, si le contrat est immédiatement translatif
de la propriété, les risques passent à l’acheteur lors de
l’échange des consentements, même si la chose n’est
112
pas livrée ni le prix payé. Si la chose vendue périt entre le

moment du contrat et celui de la livraison, l’acheteur n’en
est pas moins tenu de payer le prix. De ce que les risques
incombent au propriétaire, il résulte qu’ils demeurent
à la charge du vendeur en cas de vente de chose de
genre jusqu’à l’individualisation; en cas de vente avec
transfert de propriété à terme, jusqu’à la survenance de
l’évènement; en cas de vente sous condition suspensive,
jusqu, à ce que l’évènement se réalise. »
Nkuko rero ababuranyi bombi babyiyemerera

MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac yagiranye amasezerano na
société LA RWANDAISE y’ubuguzi bw’ imodoka iri mu
bwoko bwa camion «MERCEDES-BENZ 2628/45/64»,
bumvikana igiciro ndetse MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac
yishyura amafaranga mu byiciro bitandukanye, anishyura
amafaranga ya transport, nkuko bigaragazwa na za reçu
na historique (cote 1, 2 et 3). Kuba genocide yarabaye
MUNYAGASHEKE atarahabwa imodoka ye, ntibivanaho
ko yari yarabaye nyiri modoka (propriétaire) kandi
agafatwa nk’aho yayishyikirijwe (la délivrance) kuko
ingingo ya 284 CCLIII iteganya ko :« Ugushyikirizwa
ibyimukanwa kuba: ..... hakurikijwe gusa ukwemera
kw’abagiranye amasezerano, iyo ugutangwa kw’ ikintu
kudashobora kuba umunsi w’ igurisha ..... » Byongeye
kandi, kuba nta masezerano bagiranye yanditse ngo
babe barashyizemo ibigomba kuba kugirango habe
«transfert de propriété», bifatwa nk’aho risques zajyiye
ku waguze ako kanya hamaze gusinywa amasezerano
nkuko byasobanuwe muri & 16.
113
Urukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 264 CCLIII ndetse no ku

byanditswe n’abahanga mu mategeko bavuzwe haruguru,
rusanga kuba MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac yari yarabaye
nyir’imodoka (propriétaire), ni ukuvuga ko na «risques»
zabaye zamujyiyeho; bisobanura ko LA RWANDAISE
itafatwa nka «responsable» w’ibyabaye byatumye hibwa
imodoka ya MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac, ko rero itagomba
gusubiza MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac amafaranga y’ikiguzi
cy’imodoka ndetse n’ indishyi zitandukanye zasabwe.
Ku mpamvu y’uko MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac

atamenyeshejwe (notification) ko imodoka yageze
i Kigali, ibaruwa yo ku wa 1/04/1998 igaragaza ko
MUNYAGASHEKE yari azi ko imodoka ihari kandi ko
yabaye dédouané, bivuga ko yari afite inshingano zo
kujya kuyakira kuko société La Rwandaise idasabwaga
kuyimujyanira. Ibyo bikemezwa na Philippe MALAURIE
na Laurent AYNES (Cours de droit civil, les contrats
spéciaux, édition CUJAS, 1995, p.198) aho bavuga
bati. : « ... En principe la vente à distance n’impose pas
au vendeur de faire rentrer la marchandise dans les
magasins de l’acheteur : la délivrance s’accomplit par
la remise de la chose au transporteur. Le vendeur n’a
donc pas à déplacer la marchandise et la marchandise
est transportée aux risques de I’ acheteur: il se borne
à permettre à l’acquéreur de la retirer. Cette règle est
susceptible d’être modifiée par la convention. »
114
UBUJURIRE MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA:
[15] MUNYAGASHEKE Isaac yajuririye urwo rubanza mu

Rukiko rw’Ikirenga nk’uko bigaragazwa n‘ibaruwa
iherekejwe n’imyanzuro y’ubujurire Maître NKURUNZIZA
François Xavier yagejeje mu bwanditsi bw’urukiko kuwa
13/10/2008, ikirego cyandikwa kuri n° RCAA 004/08/CS .
[16] Ubujurire bwe bwakorewe ibanzirizasuzuma kuwa

11/12/2008, Umucamanza wayishinzwe yemeza ko
bwakozwe mu buryo n’ibihe bikurikije amategeko kandi ko
buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga.
[17] Urubanza rwahamagawe kuburanishwa kuwa 26/2/2009,

uwo munsi ugeze hitaba LA RWANDAISE ihagarariwe
na Maître NDONDERA, MUNYAGASHEKE ahagarariwe
na Me NKURUNZIZA F. Xavier ariko ntirwaburanishwa
bisabwe na Maître NDONDERA kuko ihamagara rya LA
RWANDAISE ritari ryubahirije amategeko, urubanza
rwimuriwa kuwa 09/04/2009, yemera ko azatanga
imyanzuro yanditse yo kwiregura.
[18] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame kuwa 9/4/2009,

LA RWANDAISE ihagarariwe na Maître NDONDERA
Christian, MUNYAGASHE ahagarariwe na Maître
NKURUNZIZA F.Xavier.
[19] Raporo y’urubanza imaze gusomwa, ababuranyi bahawe

umwanya wo gusobanura imyanzuro yabo.
115
[20] Maître NKURUNZIZA F. Xavier uburanira MUNYAGASHEKE

yavuze ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije ingingo ya 138
y’Itegeko-Ngenga n° 07/2004 ryo kuwa 25/4/2004 rigena
Imiterere, Imikorere n‘ Ububasha by‘ Inkiko yerekeye
ubusaze bw’ikirego kuko kuva aho rwatangiriye gukora
mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy’umwaka wa 2004 kugeza
urubanza ruhamagawe haciye imyaka 2 n’amezi 6 ntacyo
LA RWANDAISE ikoze kugira ngo urubanza ruhabwe
nimero nshya maze ruburanishwe.
[21] Yavuze kandi ko mu gihe urukiko rwasanga iyo nzitizi nta

shingiro ifite, rwakwemeza, ku byerekeye imizi y’urubanza,
ko Urukiko Rukuru rwakoresheje nabi ingingo za 263
na 264 CCLIII ziteganya ko iyo abantu bumvikanye ku
kigurwa n’igiciro cyayo, ikiguzwe kiba kigiye mu mutungo
w’ukiguze, bityo akirengera n’ingaruka z’icyakibaho cyose
kuko zireba gusa ikintu kigurishijwe kizwi neza (identifié
ou identifiable).
[22] Yasobanuye ko ugurisha ikintu akomeza kwirengera

ingaruka z’ibyakibaho byose iyo cyagumye mu mutungo
we, bikaba ari ko bimeze iyo abagiranye amasezerano
bumvikanye ko umuguzi azegukana icyagurishijwe ari uko
arangije kwishyura igiciro kandi yagishyikirijwe, cyangwa
iyo icyagurishijwe ari ikintu kizwi mu bwoko bwacyo
gusa (chose du genre) cyinjira mu mutungo w’umuguzi
iyo ibikiranga bimaze kumenyekana (“la chose reste aux
risques du débiteur, c’est à dire du vendeur,en cas de
vente toutes les fois que la perte est survenue alors que
le vendeur était encore propriétaire de la chose vendue. Il
116
en est ainsi notamment : 1° lorsque les parties ont décidé

que l’acheteur du corps certain n’en deviendra propriétaire
qu’au jour du complet paiement du prix ou au jour de la
délivrance; 2° en cas de vente de chose du genre dont
l’individualisation ne doit se faire que plus tard…“)
[23] Yavuze ko amasezerano MUNYAGASHEKE na LA

RWANDAISE bagiranye yari yerekeye ikintu kizwi mu
bwoko bwacyo gusa kuko igihe bakorana amasezerano
y’ubuguzi bw’imodoka yo mu bwoko bwa kamiyo Mercedes
Benz, nta n‘umwe wari uzi nomero zayo za chassis n‘iza
moteri ziyitandukanya n‘indi modoka yo mu bwoko bumwe,
bisobanura ko imodoka itashoboraga kwinjira mu mutungo
wa MUNYAGASHEKE atarayishyikirizwa ngo amurikirwe
ibiyiranga, agaragarizwe ko ibyari byumvikanyweho mu
masezerano byubahirijwe nawe yishyure igiciro cyari
gisigaye.
[24] Yasabye ko LA RWANDAISE yategekwa kwishyura

22.332.680frw y’ubugure bw’imodoka, hiyongereyeho
inyungu zayo za 18% kuva kuwa 1/04/1998, yose hamwe
angana na 40.252.820frw, hiyongereyeho 500.000frw yo
gukurikirana urubanza mu rwego rwa mbere na 800.000frw
yo gukurikirana urubanza mu rwego rwa kabiri, yose
hamwe akaba 65.067.180frw.
[25] Maître NDONDERA uburanira LA RWANDAISE nawe

yahawe ijambo kugira ngo agire icyo asubiza ku ngingo
z’ubujurire zatanzwe n’uwunganira MUNYAGASHEKE.
Ku byerekeye inzitizi yerekeye ubusaze bw’ikirego,
117
yavuze ko kuba urubanza rwaratinze gushyirwa kuri

gahunda y’iburanisha atari amakosa ya LA RWANDAISE
kuko byatewe n’ivugururwa ry’amategeko n’inzego
z’ubucamanza nk’uko byasobanuwe n’Urukiko Rukuru
rwa Repubulika mu cyemezo cyarwo.
[26] Ku byerekeye imizi y’urubanza, yavuze ko Urukiko Rukuru

rwaciye urubanza hakurikijwe ingingo za 263 na 264
CCLIII n’ibisobanuro bitangwa n’abahanga mu mategeko.
[27] Yavuze kandi ko ingaruka zo kuba imodoka yaribwe

muri jenoside ziri kuri MUNYAGASHEKE kuko yari
yaramenyesheje nomero za chassis n‘iza moteri, akaba
yari yaranamenyeshejwe ko imodoka yaguze yageze i
Kigali, ndetse iri muri garaje ya LA RWANDAISE.
[28] Yabajijwe niba LA RWANDAISE yaramenyesheje

MUNYAGASHEKE ko imodoka yageze i Kigali, asubiza
ko yandikiwe kuwa 1/4/1994 amenyeshwa ko imodoka
yavuye muri MAGERWA kandi ko ashobora kuza kuyifata.
[29] Maître NKURUNZIZA yavuze ko iby‘iyo baruwa batabizi,

ko iyo bazi ari iyo MUNYAGASHEKE yandikiye LA
RWANDAISE kuwa 1/4/1998.
[30] Urukiko rwamenyesheje ababuranyi ko urubanza

ruzasubukurwa kuwa 3/6/2009 kugira ngo ruzabanze
rushyikirizwe ibaruwa yo kuwa 01/04/1994 yavuzwe
haruguru. Kuri iyo tariki iburanisha ryarakomeje, Maître
NDONDERA ahabwa ijambo, avuga ko batabashije
kubona ibaruwa yari yasabwe ariko ko yari nyandiko bari
baratanze. Avuga kandi ko ibaruwa MUNYAGASHEKE
118
yandiste kuwa 1/4/1998 urukiko rufite muri dosiye,

igaragaza neza ko yari azi ibiranga imodoka, ndetse ko
yari azi ko yageze muri garaje ya LA RWANDAISE ariko
ntiyaza kuyifata.
[31] Maître NKURUNZIZA yavuze ko iyo baruwa imaze

kuvugwa MUNYAGASHEKE yayanditse ari i Naïrobi
kuwa 01/04/1998, ibiranga imodoka akaba yarabimenye
yaramaze kwibwa. Yavuze kandi ko kumenyeshwa
nomero ya chassis na nomero ya moteri bidahagije kuko
yagombaga kubanza gushyikirizwa imodoka yaguze.
[32] Maître NDONDERA yasabye indishyi za 200.000frw ngo

kubera ko LA RWANDAISE yarezwe nta kosa yakoze.
UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA:

[33] Ku byerekeye ubusaze bw‘ ikirego bushingiye ku ngingo za
138 na 139 z‘Itegeko n°18/2004 ryerekeye imiburanishirize
y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, urukiko rusanga kuba
nyuma y’ivugururwa ry’inzego z’ubucamanza, urubanza
rwaratinze kwandikwa mu bitabo by’ Urukiko Rukuru
rwa Repubulika no gushyirwa kuri gahunda y’iburanisha
bitakwitirirwa LA RWANDAISE kuko byatewe n’impamvu itari
ifiteho ubushobozi.
[34] Ku byerekeye imizi y’urubanza, ababuranyi bombi

baremeranya ko LA RWANDAISE yatumije koko imodoka
yo mu bwoko bwari bwumvikanyweho mu masezerano,
MUNYAGASHEKE nawe akishyura igiciro cyari
cyumvikanyweho, ndetse akishyura na transporo yayo
MOMBASA-KIGALI.
119
[35] Impande zombi ziremeranya kandi ko imodoka yageze

i Kigali kandi ko yibiwe muri garaje ya LA RWANDAISE,
MUNYAGASHEKE atarayihabwa. Abagiranye
amasezerano baremeranya ndetse ko ibura ry‘imodoka
ryaturutse ku mpamvu itagobotorwa (cas de force
majeure) kuko yibwe mu ntambara na jenoside yo muri
1994, ikibazo baburana akaba ari uwo igihombo kigomba
kubarwaho hagati y’uwagurishije n’uwaguze.
[36] Ihame mu masezerano y’igurisha (contrat de vente) n’uko

iyo umuguzi n’ugurisha bumvikanye ku kigurishwa no
ku giciro cyayo, umuguzi yegukana ikigurishwa kabone
n’iyo cyaba kitarishyurwa cyangwa kitaratangwa. ( ingingo
ya 264 CCLIII ivuga iti::«igurisha riba ryuzuye hagati
y‘abagiranye amasezerano kandi ugurisha akegurira
burundu umuguzi icyagurishijwe mu gihe bumvikanye
ku kintu no ku giciro cyacyo n‘ubwo ikigurishwa kitari
cyatangwa n‘ikiguzi cyacyo kikaba kitari cyishyurwa”).
[37] Iryo hame ryumvikanisha ko umuguzi wegukanye

ikigurishwa yirengera igihombo gituruka kw’izimira ry’icyo
kintu mbere y’uko agishyikirizwa iyo cyazimiye nta kosa
ry’uwagurishije. Ibyo byasobanuwe mu buryo burambuye
n’abahanga mu mategeko nk’uko byasobanuwe mu
rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika.
[38] Uburanira MUNYAGASHEKE ntabwo ahakana iryo hame

ariko avuga ko ritakurikizwa iyo abagiranye amasezerano
babyumvikanyeho ukundi nk’uko byagenze mu
masezerano ababuranyi bagiranye, rikaba ritanakurikizwa
120
iyo ikigurishijwe ari ikintu kizwi mu bwoko bwacyo gusa (

“chose du genre”), ni ukuvuga ikintu gishobora gusimbuzwa
ikindi cyo mu bwoko bumwe nk’uko byari bimeze igihe
ababuranyi bakoranye amasezerano.
[39] Urukiko rusanga ariko nta kigaragaza ko LA RWANDAISE

na MUNYAGASHEKE bari bumvikanye ko umuguzi
azegukana imodoka ari uko yarangije kwishyura igiciro
cyose cyangwa yayishyikirijwe (livraison), ahubwo
ikigaragara n’uko bumvikanye gusa ku kigurishijwe, ku
giciro no ku buryo umuguzi azishyura.
[40] Ku byerekeye ibintu bizwi mu bwoko bwabyo gusa, ingingo

ya 266 CCLIII iteganya ko ibintu by’ubwo bwoko bigurishwa
ku biro, ku bwinshi cyangwa ku burebure byinjira mu
mutungo w’umuguzi iyo bimaze kubarwa cyangwa gupimwa
(iyo bimaze kuba “individualisé“), ni ukuvuga ko kugeza
icyo gihe ingaruka z’ibyabibaho byangirikira uwagurishije,
ikibazo muri uru rubanza akaba ari ukumenya niba
imodoka yibwe, igomba kumvikana nk’ikintu cyari gifite
ibikiranga bizwi (corps certain) cyinjiye mu mutungo wa
MUNYAGESHEKE hakurikijwe ihame “res perit domino“
nk’uko uburanira LA RWANDAISE abiburanisha, igihombo
kikaba kigomba kubarwa k‘umuguzi kuko yegukanye
burundu icyagurishijwe akimara kucyumvikanaho
n’ugurisha, cyangwa niba igomba kwumvikana nk’ikintu
cyari kizwi mu bwoko bwacyo gusa, igihombo kikabarwa
k’uwagurishije hakurikijwe ihame “res perit debitori“ nk’uko
uburanira MUNYAGASHEKE abiburanisha.
121
[41] Urukiko rusanga uhagarariye MUNYAGASHEKE iyo

avuga ko “identification“ yari kuba ari uko ashyikirijwe
imodoka, yirengagiza ko amategeko agenga igurisha
adaha ugurishije ikintu inshingano zo kugishikiriza umuguzi
keretse iyo byumvikanyweho mu masezerano, akaba
kandi yitiriranya itangwa ry’icyagurishijwe (délivrance“
cyangwa“deliverance“) n’ishyikirizwa ( delivery cyangwa
livraison ) kuko icyo LA RWANDAISE yasabwaga gukora
ni ugutanga icyagurishijwe nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo
ya 280 CPLIII ivuga ko “ugurisha afite inshingano ebyiri
z’ingenzi: gutanga ikintu agurishije (delivrance) no
kucyishingira“.
[42] Mu mategeko y’u Rwanda nk’uko bikunze kugaragara mu
mategeko ashingiye kuri Civil law, hari itandukanyirizo hagati
“delivrance“ na “livraison“. Ku byerekeye itandukanyirizo
hagati y‘ itangwa (deliverance) n‘ Ishyikirizwa (delivery),
harebwa urubanza Gagné-Lessard Sports Inc c. The
122
Queen rwaciwe n’Urukiko ruburanisha imanza z’imisoro

muri Canada9. Gutanga ikintu cyagurishijwe ntibisobanura
9 Gagné-Lessard Sports Inc c. the Queen, 2007, TCC 300. Muri
urwo rubanza havugwamo icyemezo umucamanza Michel
Parent yafashe mu rubanza rwa Nicholas c. Doré aho yakuri-
kije ibyanditswe n’umuhanga mu mategeko Jacques Deslauri-
ers mu gitabo Collection de droit: Obligations et contrat,
2003-2004, volume 5, Editions Yvon Blais, p.169.
Uwo muhanga mu mategeko yanditse ati : “Concrètement
la délivrance peut s’effectuer de diverses façons. Ce peut
être la remise des clés qui permettent l’accès au bien, comme
pour une maison ou une automobile. Ce pourra aussi être
la remise du titre, par exemple un connaissement, permet-
tant à l’acheteur de réclamer le bien d’un tiers, ou encore
l’obligation (sic) à l’acheteur de l’endroit où il pourra aller
chercher les matériaux achetés. Dans le cas d’un immeuble,
ce sera aussi la signature d’un acte de vente destine à être
publié afin de rendre la vente opposable aux tiers (art.1719
C.c.Q.). Le vendeur assume les frais de la délivrance.De son côté,
l’acheteur assume les frais d’enlèvement du bien (art.1722 et 1734
C.c.Q.).
Jacques Deslauriers yarakomeje avuga ngo “Dans le langage ordi-
naire, on a tendance à confondre délivrance et livraison. Au sens
propre, la livraison qui concerne les biens meubles corporels impose
au vendeur des actes matériels pour remettre le bien à l’acheteur;
la vente à livrer comporte le transport du bien au domicile ou à la
place d’affaires de l’acheteur. Remarquons qu’il peut y avoir déli-
vrance sans livraison. Il peut également y avoir livraison sans qu’il
y ait délivrance au sens de l’article 1714 C.c Q. Pensons à la loca-
tion d’un appareil avec option d’achat.Si le locataire de l’appareil
se prévaut de cette option dans le délai imparti, la délivrance aura
lieu par interversion de titre. Le locateur de l’appareil cessera de
se comporter comme locateur.Le locataire qui jusque- là était dé-
tenteur de l’appareil en deviendra possesseur. Les paiements faits
seront dorénavent considérés comme l’acquittement du prix de vente
et non plus comme le paiement du loyer.C’est donc dire que la dé-
livrance est un processus intellectuel qui, à l’occasion, se complète
par le processus matériel de la livraison. Il en est de même d’une si-
tuation où le vendeur et l’acheteur se conviendraient que l’acheteur
prendrait possession du bien vendu dans un lieu auquel le vendeur
lui faciliterait l’accès. C’est la cas d’une machinerie que l’acheteur
démontera pour la transporter.L’obligation du vendeur peut alors
se limiter à laisser libre accès aux lieux.Là encore, il y a délivrance,
123
byanze bikunze kugishyikiriza uwakiguze. Ni muri urwo rwego, ingingo

ya 284 CCLIII iteganya ko : « Ugutanga (déliverance) ibyimukanwa
kuba: hakozwe itangwa nyakuri (livraison- gushyikiriza), cyangwa
hatanzwe imfunguzo, cyangwa nanone hakurikijwe gusa ukwemera
kw’abagiranye amasezerano iyo ugutangwa kw’ikintu kudashoboka
kuba umunsi w’igurisha....“ .
[43] Ikigaragarira urukiko ku byerekeye ubwoko bw’amasezerano

MUNYAGASHEKE yagiranye na LA RWANDAISE n’uko Maître
GAKWAYA Etienne waburaniraga MUNYAGASHEKE mu rwego
rwa mbere yaburanye avuga ko icyagurishijwe cyari mu bwoko
bw’ibintu bifite ibibiranga bizwi kuko muri “note de plaidoirie“ ye yo
kuwa 10/2/2003 yanditse ati: “….Il n’y a jamais eu transfert du droit de
propriété car, au moment des faits …LA RWANDAISE n’était pas elle-
même en possession du corps certain, objet du contrat).
[44] Ikigaragarira urukiko nanone n‘uko imodoka yibwe ifite

mais pas de livraison proprement dite.De fait il n’y a qu’un enlève-
ment par l’acheteur”.
Umucamanza Parent nawe yavuze ati “ Il faut distinguer entre
transfert de propriété, délivrance et livraison.Monsieur Nicholas
avait le droit de prendre possession de la pièce d’équipement à St-
Amable dès que le payement était éffectué. Ce n’est que pour des
raisons pratiques qui le concernent que Monsieur Nicholas a retardé
la prise de possession. Rien ni personne ne s’opposait à ce qu’il
prenne possession de la pièce d’équipement à St-Amable. Monsieur
Nicholas n’avait pas besoin de l’autorisation de Monsieur Doré.Par
conséquent, Monsieur Doré a rempli son obligation de délivrance
en laissant au requérant le soin de transporter lui-même la pièce
d’équipement au moment où il jugeait approprié de la faire.”
124
ibiyiranga bizwi, bikaba ntacyo byahindura kuvuga ko bitari

bizwi igihe ababuranyi bashyiraga umukono ku masezerano
kuko ingingo ya 266 CCLIII yavuzwe haruguru ivuga ko
icyagurishijwe mu bwoko bwacyo cyinjira mu mutungo
w’umuguzi iyo kimaze kubona ibikiranga.
[45] Urukiko rusanga LA RWANDAISE nta kosa yakoze kuko

yatumije imodoka KAMYO BENZ yari yumvikanyweho
mu masezerano, igera i Kigali, ikorerwa dédouannement,
igezwa muri garaje yayo aho MUNYAGASHEKE
yashoboraga kuyifata, ikaba ntacyo yakwishyuzwa
hakurikijwe ingingo ya 46 CCLIII iteganya ko “nta ndishyi
zitangwa iyo ugomba inshingano yabujijwe gutanga
cyangwa gukora icyo yazezeranye bitewe n’impamvu
itunguranye ntarengwa“ n‘ ingingo ya 194 CCLIII ivuga
ko“iyo ikintu kidashidikanywaho kandi cyasobanuwe cyari
ishingiro ry’inshingano ………kizimiye ku buryo utamenya
nabusa niba kikiriho, inshingano yari ishingiyeho irazima
iyo icyo kintu cyazimiye nta kosa ry’uwagomba inshingano
kandi mbere y’uko yihanangirizwa, kuko imodoka yazimiye
biturutse ku mpamvu itunguranye ntarengwa, izimira
itarihanangirizwa kuyitanga, MUNYAGASHEKE akaba
agomba kwirengera ibyayibayeho hakurikijwe ihame “res
perit domino“ ryasobanuwe haruguru.
[46] Ku byerekeye indishyi zisabwa na LA RWANDAISE ngo

kubera ko yakuruwe mu manza nta mpamvu, urukiko rusanga
igomba kuzihabwa hashingiwe kuri iyo mpamvu.
125
ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO:
[47] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa MUNYAGASHEKE bwakiriwe kuko

bwatanzwe mu buryo no mu nzira bikurikije amategeko.
[48] Rwemeje ariko ko nta shingiro bufite.
[49] Rumutegetse guha LA RWANDAISE indishyi zingana na

200.000frw.
[50] Rumutegetse gutanga amagarama y’uru rubanza angana na

33.450 frw, akayatanga mu gihe cy’iminsi umunani iteganyijwe
n’amategeko, atayatanga akavanwa mu bye ku ngufu za Leta.
RUKIJIJWE RUTYO KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME NONE KUWA

3/7/2009 N’URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA, RUGIZWE NA RUGEGE SAM:
PEREZIDA, MUGENZI LOUIS MARIE NA NYIRINKWAYA IMMACULEE
ABACAMANZA, BAFASHIJWE NA RUKUNDAKUVUGA OLIVIER,
UMWANDITSI MUKURU W’URUKIKO.
Sé
RUGEGE SAM
Perezida
Sé Sé
NYIRINKWAYA IMMACULEE MUGENZI LOUIS MARIE
Sé
RUKUNDAKUVUGA OLIVIER
Umwanditsi Mukuru w’Urukiko
126
IMANZA Z’UMURIMO
URUBANZA : RSOCAA 0004/08/CS IMANZA Z’UMURIMO

URUBANZA : RSOCAA 0004/08/CS
ITARIKI Y’URUBANZA : 04/12/2009
HABURANA : RUTAYITERA Pascal / MAGERWA S.A.
AMAGAMBO MPINE
IMANZA Z’UMURIMO - UKUDASUBIRA INYUMA

K’UMUSHAHARA UMUKOZI YARI AGEZEHO – IBIRARANE
BIKOMOKA KU GUHEMBWA UMUSHAHARA BASUBIJE
INYUMA.
KUBARA IMPEREKEZA (igihe zirenze izo umuburanyi asaba).
KUTITIRANYA NO KUTABANGIKANYA INDISHYI

ZIGENERWA USEZEREWE KU KAZI, N’IMPEREKEZA
ZIGENERWA USHYIZWE MU KIRUHUKO CY’IZABUKURU.
GUKERERWA GUTANGA IMPEREKEZA (INDISHYI ZAKWA).
ISHIMWE RISHINGIYE KU MUSARURO W’IKIGO NO KU

MANOTA Y’UMUKOZI (ibisabwa kugira ngo ritangwe).
- Umushahara (net) umukozi amaze kugeraho ntushobora gusubira

inyuma.
- Iyo umukozi asanzwe ahembwa umushahara runaka, nyuma y’igihe

agatangira guhembwa umushahara utuzuye, agumana uburenganzira
ku mbumbe y’ibice by’imishahara atagiye abona, hitawe no ku ntera
y’umushahara yagombye kuba agezeho.
- Iyo umuburanyi aregeye urukiko asaba imperekeza runaka, rugasanga

izo afitiye uburenganzira zirenze izo asaba, ntirushobora kumugenera
izirenze izo we yisabiye.
129
- Umukozi ushyizwe mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru ntagenerwa indishyi

zikomoka ku gusezererwa ku kazi, agenerwa gusa imperekeza
y’izabukuru, kandi ntibishobora kubangikanywa.
- Umukoresha ushyize umukozi mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru agomba

guhita amuha imperekeza afitiye uburenganzira. Bitabaye bityo,
umukozi agira uburenganzira ku ndishyi z’ubukererwe zigenwa ku
kigereranyo itegeko riteganya, zikabarwa kuva igihe yagombaga kuba
yarazihawe.
- Gutanga ishimwe ryerekeye umusaruro w’ikigo n’imyitwarire

y’umukozi, bitangwa hashingiwe ku musaruro winjijwe n’ikigo, no
ku manota y’umukozi. Iyo umukozi adashoboye kubigaragaza, nta
burenganzira aba abifiteho.
130

URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA RURI I KIGALI, RUHABURANISHIRIZA IMANZA Z’UMURIMO,

RUKIJIJE MU RUHAME KUWA 04/12/2009, URUBANZA RSOCAA 0004/08/CS MU BURYO
BUKURIKIRA:
HABURANA:
RUTAYITERA Pascal, ari nawe wajuriye, utuye i Gikondo, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umujyi wa
Kigali , uburanirwa na Maître MUTEMBE
na
MAGERWA S.A, uregwa, BP 380 Kigali, ihagarariwe na Maître BATWARE
IKIBURANWA:
1.Mise à la retraite nta nteguza
2.Arriérés de salaire rabattu abusivement depuis 04/2002 jusque 12/2004
3.Régularisation de l’indemnité de départ à la retraite
4.Indemnités de congés payés de 119 jours
5.Indemnités de transport de 6 mois
6.Prime de bilan et gratification de 2002 à 2004
7.Prime de fidélité de 10 ans
8.D.I économiques pour les préjudices causés par la mise à la retraite de façon brusque
9.D.I moraux pour le refus de reconnaître mes droits acquis jusqu’à m’obliger à saisir le
tribunal.
IKIREGERWA :
kujuririra urubanza RSOCA 0290/06/HC/KIG raciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika
kuwa 29/02/2008
I. IMITERERE Y’ IKIBAZO
[1] Pascal RUTAYITERA yabaye umukozi wa MAGERWA kuva kuwa 01/05/1995. Yatangiye ari
Chef du personnel, nyuma aba Directeur Général Adjoint, Attaché à la Direction générale,
« Conseiller à la direction ».
[2] Kuwa 01/11/2004 nibwo yamenyeshejwe ko ashyizwe mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru guhera

kwa 01/12/2004, nawe mu nyandiko yo kuwa 08/11/2004 yandikira Umuyobozi Mukuru
wa MAGERWA amubwira ko uburyo yashyizwe mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru butubahirije
amategeko kuko yabimenyehejwe hasigaye ukwezi 1 gusa kandi ingingo ya 51 y’itegeko
rigenga abakozi ba MAGERWA iteganya ko abakozi bashyizwe mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru
babimenyeshwa mbere y’amezi 6 (« ….je vous demanderais donc de bien vouloir reconsidérer
ce délai et me permettre de bénéficier du privilège que la société accorde à ses agents »). Muri
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iyo baruwa yibutsaga kandi ko nta gisubizo yabonye ku ibaruwa ye yo kuwa 05/07/2004
yanditse asaba régularisation de son salaire.
[3] Kuwa 29/11/2004,Umuyobozi Mukuru wa MAGERWA, KABERA Eraste yandikiye

RUTAYITERA amubwira ko ibyo asaba bya régularisation binyuranyije n’icyemezo cy’Inama
y’Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA yo kuwa 11/04/2002 (« …s’agissant de la régularisation du
salaire, vous en avez précisé le contenu dans l’annexe à votre lettre du 26/11/2004 et
correspond pratiquement à la revue de la base salariale ce qui est en contradiction avec la
décision du Conseil d’administration du 11/04/2002 qui vous a nommé Conseiller de Direction
Générale et a arrêté vos conditons salariales dans le nouveau poste…. ».
[4] Kuwa 16/12/2004, mu nyandiko yakiriwe muri MAGERWA kuwa 21/12/2004,

RUTAYITERA yandikiye Perezida w’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA asaba ko Inama
y’Ubutegetsi yakwiga ku kibazo cya régularisation de ses anciennetés.
[5] Mu kwezi kwa mbere 2005, RUTAYITERA yahawe 876.167frw net ya frais de transport
y’amezi 4 (janvier à avril 2005) yabazwe bahereye kuri 300.000frw ku kwezi, ahabwa na
10.721.610frw akubiyemo:
-indemnité compensatoire de préavis de 5 mois pour départ à la retraite : 3.565.650frw;
-indemnité de mise en retraite à partir du 01/12/2004, 6 mois de salaires cfr art 51 des
statuts du personnel;
-119 jours de congé non bénéficiés: 2.849.245frw.
Ayo mafaranga yabazwe bahereye ku mushahara mbumbe (salaire de base) wa 618.825frw.
[6] RUTAYITERA yemeye iyo décompte final ariko yandika ko ayemeye « sous réserve de
régularisation des anciennetés à partir du mois de mai 2002 (et) inclure l’indemnité de
transport dans le calcul du préavis et la mise en retraite ».
[7] Kuwa 25/01/2005, RUTAYITERA yandikiye Umuyobozi Mukuru wa MAGERWA amubwira

ko amafaranga ya transport yahawe atuzuye (« …..le calcul de ces frais porte uniquement sur 4
mois de la période de préavis et ne prend pas en considération les 6 mois postérieurs au préavis
durant lesquels l’agent retraité bénéficie de cet avantange comme cela à été fait pour les autres
retraités en 2003 »).
[8] Kuwa 29/03/2005, RUTAYITERA yarongeye yandikira Perezida w’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya

MAGERWA yibutsa ibaruwa ye yo kuwa 16/12/2004 (….j’ai le regret de constater que depuis
plus d’une année, j’ai présenté ma requête à la Direction Générale qu’au départ elle a trouvé
fondée sans pourtant y répondre de manière formelle, bien que les calculs de ces anciennetés
aient été faits depuis plusieurs mois. C’est pourquoi, constatant cette situation, j’ai adressé à la
Direction Générale ma lettre du 15/07/2004 à laquelle aucune réponse appropriée n’a été
réservée à ce jour… ». Muri iyo baruwa, yavuze kandi ko asaba guhabwa prime de bilan 2004
(….. je prie la Direction Générale de MAGERWA qui me lit en copie de prévoir l’octroi de prime de
bilan au prorata de 11 mois prestés durant l’année 2004… »).
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[9] Kuwa 26/04/2005, Umugenzuzi w’imirimo RUTAYITERA yari yashyikirije ikibazo cye
yandiste ko impande zombi ziyemeje gukemura ikibazo mu bwumvikane (« …..toutes les deux
parties acceptent de régler le différent à l’amiable. MAGERWA accepte d’arranger toute la
situation financière que Monsieur RUTAYITERA réclame, cad paiement de son ancienneté,
régulariser ses indemnités, régulariser ses frais de transport sur 10 mois au lieu de 4 mois,
régulariser les congés non pris…. RUTAYITERA doit apporter les documents de calcul en
provenance du bureau consultatif du travail…. »).
[10]Mu kwezi kwa 06/2005, RUTAYITERA yahawe 6.132.138frw akubiyemo: « droits

acquis ; régularisation des droits acquis, indemnité sur droits acquis de 119 jours de congé non
pris ; indemnité compensatoire sur droits acquis ; indemnité de départ en retraire sur droits
acquis ; indemnité de transport (6 mois) ».
[11]Kuwa 14/09/2005 Umugenzuzi w’imirimo yemeje ko ubwumvikane hagati ya MAGERWA na

RUTAYITERA bwananiranye (procès verbal de non conciliation par défaut de MAGERWA).
[12] Kuwa 02/06/2006, RUTAYITERA yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge,
Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha imanza z’umurimo.
II. IMIGENDEKERE Y’URUBANZA
a) MU RUKIKO RWISUMBUYE RWA NYARUGENGE, URUGEREKO RWIHARIYE

RUBURANISHA IMANZA Z’UMURIMO
[13] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza n° RSOC 1467/05/TP kuwa
02/10/2006, rwemeza ko ikirego cya RUTAYITERA nta shingiro gifite ku byerekeye
régularisation y’umushahara ngo kuko yagabanyirizwaga umushahara ahinduriwe n’akazi
ndetse n’inyito yako igahinduka, umushahara ugabanyije akaba yarawuhembwe igihe kinini,
ibyo akaba ari ikimenyetso gituma afatwa nk’uwamenyeshejwe ku buryo bweruye
(signification expresse) kandi akanemera ku buryo bweruye umushahara mushya uko
wangendaga uhindurwa (acceptation expresse).
[14]Urwo rukiko rwemeje kandi ko ikirego cye nta shingiro gifite ku byerekeye indemnités
zikurikira : integuza y’amezi 6 mbere yo gushyirwa mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru ngo kuko
yahawe integuza y’ukwezi 1, MAGERWA imubarira amezi 5, yishyurwa 3.565.650frs hamaze
kuvamo ibyemewe n’amategeko yakatwaga ku mushahara; indemnités zo gushyirwa mu
kiruhuko cy’izabukuru ngo kuko yabariwe umushahara w’amezi 6 nk’uko biteganywa mu
ngingo ya 51 y’Itegeko rigenga abakozi ba MAGERWA, ubarirwa ku mushahara yari agezeho
kandi yari yaremeye, yishyurwa 4.306.715frw havuyemo ibyemewe n’amategeko ;indemnité
ya konje y’iminsi 119 ngo kuko yahawe 2.849.245frw abariwe ku mushahara yari yaremeye,
havuyemo ibyemewe n’ amategeko; prime de fidélité ngo kuko yashyizwe mu kiruhuko
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cy’izabukuru atarageza imyaka 10 muri MAGERWA nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 34
y’itegeko rigenga abakozi ba MAGERWA.
[15] Urwo rukiko rwemeje ariko ko ikirego cye gifite ishingiro ku bijyanye na indemnité de
transport ngo kuko yahawe amezi 4 gusa, akaba agomba guhabwa amezi 2 atabonye, ni
ukuvuga 600.000frw, kuba baramuretse akamarana imodoka y’akazi amezi 2 nyuma yo kujya
mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru bikaba bitamuvutsa indemnités ze zose kubera ko atari yabona
ibyo agombwa byose ngo akijyemo kandi akaba atarigeze abona ibigendana n’ayo muri ayo
mezi 2.
[16] Urukiko rwemeje kandi ko ikirego cye gifite ishingiro ku byerekeye ibi bikurikira :
-prime de bilan et gratification, kuko nta mpamvu zatuma azimwa mu gihe bigaragara ko
yashimwaga kugeza agiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, byongeye akaba ari n’umuyobozi
wagombaga guherekezwa mu ishema rye nk’uwitwaye neza ku mirimo, hakaba nta
kigaragaza mu nama z’ubutegetsi ko ubukungu bwa MAGERWA bwari bwifashe nabi;
-indishyi mbonezamusaruro (loyers), kuko yashyizwe mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru nta nteguza

y’amezi 6 kugira ngo yitegurire ubuzima bushya, yavuye ku kazi kamutungiye urugo
atunguwe, agomba gukodesha inzu mu buryo butunguranye.
-indishyi z’akababaro n’inyungu z’ubukererwe.
[17] Urukiko rwategetse MAGERWA guha RUTAYITERA 7.298.936frw, akubiyemo :

-600.00frw ya indemnités y’urugendo y’amezi 2;
-3.546.120frw ya prime de bilan et gratification (591.020frw y’ impuzandengo
y’umushahara yafataga mu ntoki kuwa 2002 kugeza 2004 gukuba amezi 6);
-552.816 frw y’inyungu z’ubukererwe zibariwe kuri 5,32%, ni ukuvuga
(600.000 frw+ 3.546.120 frw) x 5.32
100 x 12
-600.000frw y’ubukode bw’inzu (agenywe mu bushishozi bw’urukiko kuri 100.000 frw
ku kwezi mu gihe cy’amezi 6);
-2.000.000frw y’indishyi z’akababaro (agenywe mu bushishozi bw’urukiko).
b)MU RUKIKO RUKURU RWA REPUBULIKA
[18] RUTAYITERA yajuririye imikirize y’urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika, ruca
urubanza n° RSOCA 0290/06/HC/KIG kuwa 29/02/2008, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa
RUTAYITERA ku byerekeye ibirarane by’imishahara kuva 2002 kugeza 2004, nta shingiro
bufite kuko ayo mafaranga yayahawe angana na 6.132.138frw.
[19]Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika rwemeje kandi ko ubujurire bwe nta nshingiro bufite ku
byerekeye indemnité ya transport ngo kuko amafaranga yagombaga guhabwa yari ay’amezi
134
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6 y’igihe cy’integuza ariko MAGERWA ikaba yaramuhaye amezi 4, amafaranga y’amezi 2
asigaye akaba yarayahawe n’umucamanza wa mbere.
[20] Ku byerekeye indishyi mbonezamusaruro, urukiko naho rwemeje ko nta shingiro ubujurire
bwe bufite ngo kuko zagenywe mu bwitonzi n’ubushishozi bw’urukiko kuko nta masezerano
y’ubukode bw’inzu yagaragarije umucamanza wa mbere ngo umubare avuga wa 130.000frw
ube wafatwaho ukuri.
[21] Rwemeje nanone ko ubujurire bwe ku byerekeye indishyi z’akababaro zagenywe za

2.000.000frw nta shingiro bufite kuko zidafite igipimo nyacyo, umucamanza akaba agomba
gukoresha ubushishozi bwe mu kuzigena.
[22] Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika rwemeje ariko ko ubujurire bwe ku byerekeye prime de
fidélité ihabwa abakozi bamaze imyaka 10 bufite ishingiro kuko mu guhagarika igihe
cy’integuza cye bitanyuze mu bwumvikane MAGERWA niyo yatumye atagera ku myaka 10
ayikorera kandi yari asigaje amezi 5 gusa ngo ayigezeho, MAGERWA ikaba igomba kumuha
umushahara w’ukwezi k’umwe ungana na 600.000frw kuko ariwo mushahara net Inama
y’Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA yo kuwa 11/04/2002 yari yarateganyirijwe umwanya wa
Conseiller à la direction générale.
[23]Rwemeje kandi ko ubujurire bwe ku byerekeye prime de bilan na gratification bufite

ishingiro kuko umushahara we wari 600.000frw net hakurikijwe ibyemejwe n’Inama
y’Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA 127 yabaye kuwa 11/04/2002, bityo prime de bilan
na gratification 2002-2004 umucamanza wa mbere yamugeneye zikaba zigomba kubarirwa
kuri 600.000fw aho kubarirwa kuri 591.020frw, gukuba amezi 6, yose hamwe akaba
3.600.000frw.
[24]Rwemeje nanone ko ubujurire bwe ku byerekeye inyungu z’ubukererwe bufite ishingiro

kuko zabariwe kuri taux ya 5% idafite aho ishingiye, ahubwo zaragombaga kubarwa
hakurukikwe taux ya 7% ishyirwaho na BNR, akazihabwa kuva ku itariki ya 01/12/2004
umunsi RUTAYITERA yashyizwe mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru kugeza kuwa 29/02/2008
umunsi urubanza rwaciwe, ni ukuvuga 882.000 frw (inyungu za 7% z’imyaka 3 za
3.600.000frw na 600.000frw).
[25]Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika rwategetse MAGERWA guha RUTAYITERA 8.282.000frw

akubiyemo : 3.600.000frw ya prime de bilan et gratification, 600.000frw ya indemnité de
transport de 2 mois, 600.000frw ya prime de fidélité, 882.000frw ya intérêts de retard;
600.000frw ya logement, 2.000.000frw ya dommages moraux
c) MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA
[26]RUTAYITERA yajuririye urwo rubanza mu ibaruwa yakiriwe mu bwanditsi bw’Urukiko

rw’Ikirenga kuwa 25/03/2008, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri n° RSOCAA 0004/08/CS,
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bukorewa ibanzirizasuzuma, umucamanza mu cyemezo n° RP RSOC 0007/08 cyo kuwa
16/05/2008 yemeza ko bwatanzwe mu buryo n’inzira bikurikije amategeko kandi ko buri
mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga.
[27]Urubanza rwaraburanishijwe mu ruhame kuwa 16/09/2008 no kuwa 23/09/2008,

RUTAYITERA aburanirwa na Maître MUTEMBE, MAGERWA iburanirwa na Maître BATWARE.
[28]Nyuma yo kwibutsa uko urubanza ruteye, Urukiko rwahaye ijambo Me MUTEMBE kugira
ngo asobanure impamvu zatumye RUTAYITERA ajuririra icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru rwa
Repubulika.
[29]Yavuze ko impamvu ya mbere ari uko Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika rwemeje ko
amafaranga 6.132.138 RUTAYITERA yahawe ari igisubizo kuri réserves yari yakoze ubwo
yahabwaga décompte final ngo kuko ariyo Perezida w’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA
n’Umuyobozi Mukuru bagennye, rubyemeza gutyo rutagaragaje uko ibyo birarane byabazwe
n’umushahara washingiweho bibarwa, rwirengagije ko kugabanyirizwa umushahara
bitumvikanyweho n’impande zombi binyuranye n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 5 y’itegeko
ry’umurimo, ndetse rwirengagije nanone ko MAGERWA yemeye inshuro eshatu zose ko
RUTAYITERA agomba gukorerwa régularisation, ubwa mbere mu nama y’Ubutegetsi wa
MAGERWA ya 138 yabaye tariki ya 11/03/2005 nk’uko bigaragazwa n’inyandiko mvugo
yayo, ubwa kabiri imbere y’Umugenzuzi w’imirimo kuwa 26/04/2005 nk’uko bigaragara mu
nyandiko mvugo yasinywe n’impande zombi, ubwa gatatu mu ibaruwa ya Perezida w’Inama
y’Ubuyobozi ya MAGERWA yo kuwa 25/05/2005, bityo impaka zisigaye akaba ari ku buryo
bwo kubara ibyo birarane.
[30] Yavuze ko impamvu ya kabiri ari uko Urukiko rutabaze prime ya fidélité, prime de bilan
n’iya gratification hashingiwe ku mushahara utagabanije nk’uko abisaba, ahubwo rukemeza
ko zigomba kubarirwa kuri 600.000frw ngo kubera ko ariwo mushahara net Inama
y’Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA yageneye “Conseiller à la direction”, rwirengagije ko kwitwa
“Conseiller à la direction” ntacyo byahinduye ku mirimo yari asanzwe akora, rwirengagije
kandi ko ntawe uhindurirwa umushahara hatabayeho mutation disciplinaire.
[31] Yavuze ko impamvu ya gatatu ari uko Urukiko rwagennye mu bushishozi indishyi
mbonezamusaruro zifite imibare iboneka, rwemeza ko RUTAYITERA agomba guhabwa
100.000frw ku kwezi y’ubukode bw’inzu kandi hari amasezerano asinyweho n’impande
zombi yari yararushyikirije agaragaza ko yakodeshaga inzu 130.000frw ku kwezi ariko
urukiko rukavuga ko ari ntayo rwabonye.
[32]Maître MUTEMBE yasabye uru rukiko kwemeza ko imibare igomba gukorwa hashingiwe ku
mushahara mbumbe yari agezeho mu kwezi kwa 4/2002, hitawe no ku nyongera ya 11%
iteganywa mu ngingo ya 34 y’ itegeko rigenga abakozi ba MAGERWA, atanga
imbonerahamwe iteye itya :
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NO LIBELLE Salaire acquis Payé Différence
2.1 Régularisation paiements 2002 Mai 1.364.136 x 8 mois 500.000 x 8 mois 864.136 x 8 mois
à Décembre/au prorata 8 mois
2.2 Sous Total 2.1 10.913.088 4.000.000 6.913.088
Régularisation paiements 2003 1.514.191 x 12 mois 557.000 x 12 mois 957.191
(1.364.136 + 11%/an d’augmentation) x 12 mois
Sous total 2.2 18.170.292 6.684.000 11.486.292
2.3 Régularisation paiements 2004 1.680.752 x 12 mois) (618.825 x 12 (1.061.927 x 12
(1.514.191 + 11%/an d’augmentation) mois) mois)
Sous total 2.3. 20.169.024 7.425.900 12.743.124
TOTAL 2.1-2.2-2.3 49.252.404 18.109.900 31.142.504

2.4 Indemnité de préavis 10.084512 5.194.125 4.890.387
(1.680.752 x 6 mois)
2.5 Congé non payé 119 jours 8.332.983 4.120.674 4.212.309
2.6 Indemnité de départ en retraite 12.604.512 6.232.950 6.371.562
2.7 Indemnité de transport 3.000.000 876.167 2.123.833

2.8 Gratification 2002-2004 3.282.538 1.203.156 2.079.382
2.9 Prime de Bilan 2002-2004 3.282.538 1.203.156 2.079.382

2.10 Prime de fidélité 1.210.142
Sous total 2.4 – 2.10 22.966.997
TOTAL 2.1 A 2.10 54.109.501
Déduction chèque 1069959 -6.132.138
Total général 47.977.363
2.11 Taux d'intérêt moyen BNR 47.977.363 x 7.33% x 78 mois 22.858.815
7,33% x 98mois (mai 2002 à octobre 100 x12
2009)
TOTAL 70.836.178
3.1 Dommages et intérêts kuko atahawe 10.140.000
integuza y’amezi 6 : 130.000frw
y’ubukode bw’inzu x 78 mois
Dommages et intérêts pour rupture 14.404.512
abusive du contrat de
travail :2.400.752frw1 x 6mois
3.2 Dommages moraux 5.000.000
Sous total (3.1+3.2) 29.644.512
NET A PAYER 100.480.690
[33] Maître BATWARE uburanira MAGERWA nawe yahawe ijambo kugira ngo agire icyo avuga ku
bujurire bwa RUTAYITERA , asobanura ko uyu yabanje kuba Chef du personnel, ahembwa
250.000frw ku kwezi, kuwa 21/10/1996 agirwa Umuyobozi mukuru wungirije, kuwa
09/10/1997, agirwa « Attaché à la direction », agenerwa umushahara wa 350.000frw , kuwa
11/04/2002 agirwa « Conseiller à la Direction », agenerwa umushahara wa 600.000 net,
akomoka kuri salaire de base ya 500.000frw, indemnité de logement ya 250.000frw,
1
(1.680.152 frw de base yajyaga kuba agezeho iyo atagabanyirizwa umushahara + 300.000 frw
ya transport + 250.000 ya logement + 100.000 frw ya frais de représentation + 70.000 frw ya
téléphone = 2.400.752 frw x 6 mois).
137
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indemnité de représentation ya 100.000frw frw, frais de téléphone mobile za 30.000frw,
frais de téléphone fixe za 40.000 frw , amazi n’umuriro 75.000 frw, yose hamwe akaba
995.000frw.
[34] Ku byerekeye ukuba urukiko rutarasobanuye impamvu rutabaze ibirarane bye na indemnités
ze ku mushahara utagabanyijwe, yavuze ko RUTAYITERA abeshya iyo avuga ko Inama
y’Ubutegetsi ya 127 yateranye kuwa 5/4/2002 ariyo yagabanyije umushahara we kuko
amafaranga yagenewe yarengaga 1.000.000 harebwe indemnités en nature yahabwaga, kuri
ayo mafaranga hakaba hagomba no kwiyongeraho imodoka y’ubusa n’umuzamu
wishyurwaga na MAGERWA.
[35] Mu gusobanura icyemezo cyafashwe n’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ku byerekeye umushahara wa

RUTAYITERA, yavuze ko mu mwaka w’ 2000 hashyizweho audit CRIO kugira ngo irebe uko
imicungire ya MAGERWA ihagaze, raporo yavuyemo iza kugaragaza ko umutungo wa
MAGERWA utameze neza, Inama y'Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA isanga hagomba kuba
restructuration, mu kwezi kwa 4/2002 hashyirwaho akanama kareba ikibazo cy'imishahara
kagizwe na RUTAYITERA na NTAGUNGIRA Carpophore icyo gihe wari Umuyobozi Mukuru
w’agateganyo wa MAGERWA, akaba na Perezida w’Inama y’Ubuyobozi yayo, ishingano z’abo
ari kwiga grille salariale y'abakozi ba MAGERWA kugira ngo ihuzwe n'iya Rwanda Revenue
Authority (RRA), hanagabanywe ubusumbane bw’imishahara muri MAGERWA, bakora
document bise « Document de travail des Magerwa: Révision des barêmes salariaux ».Muri
iyo document RUTAYITERA yigeneye ko poste ye izitwa « Direction Appui Technique », naho
umushahara ukaba 602.872frw ku kwezi.
[36] Yarakomeje asobanura ko mu nama y'Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA ya 127 yateranye kuwa

11/04/2002 , RUTAYITERA ayirimo nka Attaché à la Direction Générale, Inama y'Ubutegetsi,
ishingiye ku mushinga yagejejweho n'ubuyobozi bukuru bwa MAGERWA, NTAGUNGlRA
Carpophore na RUTAYITERA Pascal, ikurikije ingengo y'imari n'uko umutungo w'ikigo
uhagaze, yafashe icyemezo cyo kongera 25% kuri masse salariale ya 2001, ubuyobozi
bukayigabanya abakozi bose, ko muri iyo nama ariho RUTAYITERA yahawe umwanya wa
Conseiller à la direction n’umushahara wavuzwe haruguru.
[37] Yavuze ko RUTAYITERA ari de mauvaise foi kuko mu kugena imishahara y'abayobozi
bakuru, Inama yakurikije ibyifuzo yahawe n'ubwo buyobozi biri muri « Document de travail
des Magerwa: Révision des barêmes salariaux" kandi RUTAYITERA yemeye postes yagendaga
ahindurirwa, yemera n'imishahara igendana nazo, ariko ngo abonye ahawe pension
arahindukira atangira kuvuga ngo MAGERWA yaramurenganije imugabanyiriza umushahara
muri 2002, nyamara yari mu bayiyoboraga, akaba ari muri urwo rwego yashyigikiye ko
umushahara we ugabanywa kugira ngo ikigo kidahomba, ndetse na nyuma y'iyo nama ya 127
y’ Inama y'Ubutegetsi, RUTAYITERA yagiye mu zindi nama zirenze 5 zigamije kuzahura
MAGERWA, hafatirwamo ibyemezo bikomeye: gukora restructuration, kugabanya abakozi,
kubaka ikigo bushya, kugiha ikoranabuhanga rihanitse n'ibindi byinshi. lbyo byose kandi
byakozwe kugira ngo MAGERWA idakomeza guhomba, itanagurishwa abandi, uriya
138
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mushahara RUTAYITERA akomeza kuwuhembwa igihe kirekire kugeza afata pension, akaba
asaba urukiko gukurikiza ingingo ya 5 y’itegeko rigenga abakozi iteganya ko amasezerano
y’akazi ari ubwumvikane hagati y’umukozi n’umukoresha, umwe akemera gukora, undi
akemera guhemba umushahara bumvikanye.
[38] Yavuze ko RUTAYITERA yahawe imperekeza ze zingana na 10.721.610frw net, akorerwa na

« régularisation » ya 6.131.138frw net yiyongera kuya mbere kuko MAGERWA yashatse
gukemura ku neza icyo kibazo cyari cyarageze ku mugenzuzi w’imirimo, MAGERWA ikaba
yuririye ku kirego cya RUTAYITERA isaba Urukiko kwemeza ko ikirego cya RUTAYITERA nta
shingiro gifite kuko aregera umushahara yemeye ubwo yahabwaga umwanya wa Conseiller à
la Direction Générale, akaba yarahawe ibyo yari afiteho uburenganzira byose.
[39] Ku kibazo cy’integuza yo gushyirwa mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru, yasobanuye ko imperekeza

RUTAYITERA yahawe muri décompte final zuzuye kuko yabariwe amezi 6 ku mushahara wa
618.825 frw ku kwezi yari agezeho.
[40] Ku kibazo cya indemnité ya konji y'iminsi 119, yavuze ko RUTAYITERA yahawe amafaranga
ahwanye n’iyo minsi kandi ko iyo indemnité itabarirwa kuri 1.680.752 frw kuko yari
atarayageraho.
[41] Ku kibazo cya prime de bilan na gratification 2002-2004, yavuze ko ntaho icyo kibazo
kigaragara mu ngingo z'ubujurire za RUTAYITERA, kandi ko niyo yaba yarazijuririye nta
shingiro ubujurire bwaba bufite kuko yazihawe, akaba ari nawe wasinyiye abakozi izo
primes nawe arimo.
[42] Ku kibazo cya prime de fidélité, yavuze ko RUTAYITERA ntayo akwiye kuko yasezerewe
atujuje imyaka icumi iteganijwe, ko niyo yatangwa atahabwa amafaranga arenze ayagenywe
n’ Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika kuko ahuje n'umushahara MAGERWA yari yumvikanyeho
na RUTAYITERA, ni ukuvuga 600.000frw net.
[43] Ku kibazo cya indemnité ya transport, yavuze ko RUTAYITERA yahawe 3.000.000frw. Muri
décompte ya mbere yahawe indemnités zihwanye n’amezi 4 kuko yagumanye imodoka
amezi 2, muri décompte ya kabiri ahabwa izihwanye n’amezi 6.
[44] Ku kibazo cy’ indishyi mbonezamusaruro, yavuze ko ibyo RUTAYITERA asaba ari ukwifuza,
cyane ko atigeze na rimwe agaragaza amasezerano y'ubukode nk'uko urukiko rwabyemeje
rumugenera indishyi zihwanye n'amafaranga 100.000. Nta nubwo yigeze agaragaza uko
yashyikirije urukiko ayo masezerano uretse kurubeshyera ngo rwarayataye. Yavuze kandi ko
bene ayo masezerano atashingirwaho kuko aba ari aye na nyiri nzu, MAGERWA ikaba
itamwishyurira ayo batumvikanyeho.
[45] Ku kibazo cy’indishyi z'akababaro zihwanye na 5.000.000frw, yavuze nanone ko ari

ukwifuza, ko ntaho zishingiye.
139

[46] Ku kibazo cy’indishyi zo gusezererwa ku kazi nta mpamvu (rupture abusive du contrat de
travail) ngo kuko yasezerewe ku kazi hadakurikijwe amategeko, yavuze ko RUTAYITERA
atajuririye izo ndishyi kandi ko niyo yaba yarazijuririye nta shingiro zifite kuko MAGERWA
yamuhaye integuza, imuha n’imperekeza nk’uko itegeko rigenga umurimo ribiteganya.
[47] Maître MUTEMBE yongeye guhabwa ijambo, avuga ko RUTAYITERA yajuririye urubanza
rwose rwaciwe n'Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika.
[48] Ku byerekeye ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa MAGERWA, yavuze ko nta shingiro bufite,
ndetse ko MAGERWA yivuguruza iyo isobanura impamvu RUTAYITERA yagabanyirijwe
umushahara kuko hamwe ikavuga ko ari kubera imirimo yahinduriwe, ahandi ikavuga ko ari
ukubera “restructuration”.
[49] Yarakomeje avuga ko ibyerekeye ukuba yaragabanyirijwe umushahara kubera guhindurirwa

imirimo ataribyo kuko RUTAYITERA atigeze ahindurirwa imirimo, ahubwo yakomeje gukora
imirimo imwe kuva ari Directeur Général Adjoint kugeza yitwa Attaché de Direction cyangwa
Conseiller de Direction, icyagiye gihinduka akaba ari inyito ya poste ye ariko imirimo
igakomeza kuba imwe; Ibyerekeye ukuba yaragabanyirijwe umushahara remezo kubera
“restructuration" na “révision des barèmes salariaux”nabyo ataribyo kuko nta nama
y'ubutegetsi yigeze iyisinyira ngo AUDIT CRIO ishyirwe mu bikorwa kandi ko nta kanama
Pascal RUTAYITERA yigeze ajyamo gashinzwe kwiga kuri “révision des barèmes salariaux”.
[50] Yasobanuye kuri ibyo bya restructuration ko ari Carpophore NTAGUNGlRA wari Directeur
Général wa Rwanda Revenue Authority (RRA) na Administrateur wa MAGERWA kandi akora
interim ya Directeur Général wa MAGERWA, wafashe iya mbere yo kwiga icyo kibazo
hagamijwe kureshyeshya imishahara ya MAGERWA n'iya RRA, kandi ko restructuration
yabaye mu kwezi kwa 5/2005 RUTAYITERA atakiri muri MAGERWA kandi ko projet yo
kuringaniza imishahara y'abakozi bo muri ibyo bigo byombi itigeze ishyirwa mu bikorwa
igihe Pascal RUTAYITERA yakoraga muri MAGERWA, bivuze ko ukugabanya umushahara wa
RUTAYITERA bitari bishingiye kuri "restructuration" cyangwa kuri "révision des barèmes
salariaux" kuko ibyo byari bitarakorwa.
[51] Yavuze ko inama ya 127 yo kuwa 11/04/2002 yemeje gusa ko mu gihe bagitegereje kwiga
kuri proposition ya Carpophore NTAGUNGlRA, baba bahaye abakozi bose une enveloppe de
25% de la masse salariale 2001 (” ……... En "attendant, Ie Conseil d'Administration accorde une
enveloppe de 25% de la masse "salariale 2001..."). Iryo jambo "en attendant", rikaba ryerekana
ko muri iriya nama hatigeze hafatwa icyemezo cya "révision des barèmes salariaux" y'abakozi
ba MAGERWA, ahubwo hafashwemo umwanzuro ku mushahara wagombaga kugenerwa
umuyobozi mushya wa MAGERWA, biba urwitwazo rwo kunagabanya umushahara wa
RUTAYITERA, bikorwa mu buryo budahuje n'amategeko kuko niba umuyobozi mushya wari
umaze gushyirwa mu mwanya tariki ya 1/4/2002 yari akwiye gutangirira ku mafaranga
1.000.000 frw mu kwezi, ntabwo byari impamvu yemewe n'amategeko yo kugabanya
umushahara w'umukozi wari umaze hafi imyaka 10 ku kazi, wagiye uzamurirwa umushahara
kuva kuri 250.000frw kugeza kuri 1.364.136frw.
140

[52] Ku byerekeye ukuba RUTAYITERA yaremeye umushahara ugabanyijwe, Maître MUTEMBE
yavuze ko kuba yari mu nama y'ubutegetsi bwa MAGERWA mu gihe bemezaga
kumugabanyiriza umushahara remezo, bitavuze ko yakoze amasezerano mashya yo
kwemera uwo mushahara ugabanyijwe kuko nta "voix délibérative" RUTAYITERA yari afite
muri iyo nama, kandi yakomeje gutakamba mu mabaruwa anyuranye yagiye yandikira
abamukuriye.
[53] Ku byerekeye ibirarane by’imishahara RUTAYITERA yishyuza, Maître MUTEMBE yavuze ko

nanone MAGERWA yivuguruza iyo ku ruhande rumwe ivuga ko nta birarane by’imishahara
yari ibereyemo RUTAYITERA, ku rundi ruhande ikavuga ko bamukoreye régularisation.
[54] Nyuma yo kumva ingingo z’ababuranyi, urubanza rwarashojwe, urukiko rusaba ababuranyi
kurugezaho notes de plaidoirie, rubamenyesha kandi ko urubanza ruzasomwa kuwa
24/10/2008, uwo munsi ugeze ruca urubanza rubanziriza urundi rwemeza ko iburanisha
rizapfundurwa kugira ngo bimwe mu bikubiye muri note de plaidoirie Maître BATWARE
yarushyikirije kuwa 02/10/2008 bigibweho impaka nk’uko byasabwe na Maître MUTEMBE
mu nyandiko yo kuwa 14/10/2008, n’urukiko rugire ibyo rusobanuza ababuranyi.
[55] Kuwa 03/02/2009 urubanza rwahamagawe kuburanishwa, urukiko rusanga abahagarariye

ababuranyi bahari, urubanza ruburanishwa mu ruhame, ijambo ribanza guhabwa Me
MUTEMBE kugira ngo asobanure impamvu yifuje ko iburanisha ripfundurwa, avuga ko
document MAGERWA yashingiyeho ikora imboneramwe y’imishahara ya RUTAYITERA
igaragara muri note de plaidoirie ya Me BATWARE itagaragajwe mu iburanisha, ikaba
igomba kugibwaho impaka.
[56] Me BATWARE yasabwe ibisobanuro kuri iyo mbonerahamwe, avuga ko yayikoranye

n’abakozi ba MAGERWA, tableau ya mbere ikaba igaragaza uko RUTAYITERA yagombaga
guhembwa kuva 1997 kugeza muri 2004, iya kabiri ikaba igaragaza uko RUTAYITERA
yihembwe mu buryo butumvikana kandi nawe atajya asobanura yari umuyobozi muri
MAGERWA, zikaba ziteye zitya:
Tableau 1. Uko RUTAYITERA yagombaga guhembwa

Imbumbe Umushaha havuyemo Inyongera ku mwaka %
y'umushahara ibitegekwa n'amategeko
buri kwezi
1997 615.908 350.000 0%
1998 683.657 388.741 11 % (38.500 frw)
1999 758.860 431.235 frw 11 % (42.735 frw)
2000 842.334 478.670,85 frw 11 % (47.435,85 frw)
2001 934.991 531.324,644 frw 11 % (52.653,7935 frw)
2002 1.037.840 589.770,354 fr w 11 % (58.445,7108 frw)
Avril 2002 1.055.898 600.000 frw Augmentation ya 10.230 frw kuri net
2003 1.172.003 666.000 frw 11 % (66000 frw)
2004 1.300.972 739.260 frw 11 % (73260 frw)
141
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Tableau 2. Uko RUTAYITERA yihembye
Imbumbe Umushahara havuyemo ibiteganywa n' amategeko buri kwezi
y'umushahara
1997 806.500 427.316
1998 967.800 509.578
1999 1.074.258 563.871
2000 1.271.684 647.159
2001 1.311.669 726.652
Janv- Avril 2002 1.311.669 726.652
[57] Yavuze ko impamvu RUTAYITERA asaba régularisation guhera 2002 aho guhera muri 1997
ari uko azi ko hari ibidasobanutse mu buryo umushahara we wavuye kuri 350.000frw
ukagera aho wari ugeze mu kwezi kwa kane 2002.
[58] Maître MUTEMBE yahawe ijambo kugira ngo agire icyo avuga kuri ibyo bisobanuro bya Me
BATWARE, avuga ko ibyo MAGERWA ivuga ko itamenye aho uriya mushahara remezo wa
1.364.136 frws ukomoka bitumvikana kuko icyo kigo cyabaye informatisé muri 1995, ikaba
ifite listes de paie na bulletins de paie muri base de données zayo.
[59] Yavuze kandi ko iriya mibare nta gaciro igomba guhabwa kuko ari iyo MAGERWA yikoreye,
idahuje n’amafaranga nyayo RUTAYITERA yahembwaga, ingingo ya 97 y’itegeko rigenga
umurimo ikaba ivuga ko umushahara umukozi ahembwa ugaragarira kuri fiche de paie.
[60] Urukiko rwashoje iburanisha, rumenyesha ababuranyi ko urubanza ruzasomwa kuwa

27/03/2009, uwo munsi ruca urubanza rubanziriza urundi rwemeza ko mbere yo guca
urubanza mu mizi, urubanza ruzongera gupfundurwa kugira ngo hatumizwe NTAGUNGIRA
Carpophore wigeze kuba Umuyobozi Mukuru w’agateganyo wa MAGERWA na KABERA
Eraste nawe wari Umuyobozi Mukuru wa MAGERWA igihe RUTAYITERA yashyirwaga mu
kiruhuko cy’izabukuru kugira ngo bagire ibyo barusobanurira ku byerekeye document yiswe
« document de travail des MAGERWA SA. Révision des barêmes salariaux », n’ibindi byose
urukiko rwasanga ari ngombwa bijyanye n’imishahara, primes na indemnites zinyuranye
RUTAYITERA avuga ko atahawe mu buryo yagombaga kubihabwa.
[61] Urubanza rwahamagawe kuburanishwa kuwa 13/08/2009, Urukiko rusanga NTAGUNGIRA

Carpophore adahari, ku nyandiko imuhamagara handiste ko azaba atari mu Gihugu umunsi
w’iburanisha, KABERA Eraste yitabye, abunganira ababuranyi n’abo bahari, urubanza
ruburanishwa mu ruhame.
[62] KABERA Eraste wabwiye Urukiko ko yabaye Umuyobozi Mukuru wa MAGERWA kuva mu
kwezi kwa 04/2002 kugeza 2005 yabajijwe nk’umutangamakuru gusa, abanza kubazwa ku
ruhare rwa RUTAYITERA mu byemezo byafatwaga mu Inama y’Ubuyobozi bwa MAGERWA,
avuga ko icyo yakoraga gusa kwari ugufasha Perezida w’inama gufata inyandiko mvugo yayo,
yongeraho ko ibyemezo byafatwaga n’Inama y’Ubuyobozi bwa MAGERWA, Ubuyobozi
Bukuru bukabishyira mu bikorwa.
142

[63] Yarongeye abazwa ibibazo binyuranye: ku byerekeye igihe restructuration yabaye muri
MAGERWA, yasubije ko yasanze yararangiye, hasigaye kuyishyira mu bikorwa ; ku byerekeye
igabanywa ry’umushahara wa RUTAYITERA, yasobanuye ko wagabanyijwe hakurikijwe
restructuration kandi ko icyo gihe Umuyobozi Mukuru nawe yagabanyirijwe kuko uwo
yasimbuye yari afite umushahara ukubye nka 2 cyangwa 3 uwo we yahembwaga ; ku
byerekeye prime de bilan na gratification, yavuze ko yatangwaga buri mwaka, DG na DGA
bakayihabwa kimwe nk’abandi bakozi, akaba yumva bidashoboka ko RUTAYITERA yaba
atarayibona.
[64] RUTAYITERA yasabye ijambo, avuga ko icyo asaba ari complément ya prime de bilan na
gratification kuko bamuhaga ituzuye nk’uko bamuhaga umushahara utuzuye.
[65] Urukiko rwashoje iburanisha, rumenyesha ababuranyi ko urubanza ruzasomwa kuwa

05/09/2009, uwo munsi rumenyesha ababuranyi ko mbere yo gusoma urubanza hazakorwa
iperereza muri MAGERWA rwifashishije impuguke mu by’imishahara, bwana RUBAYIKA
Soter.
[66] Ku itariki ya 21/10/2006, urukiko rwagiye muri MAGERWA ruherekejwe na RUBAYIKA

Soter, rusanga ababuranyi bahari, RUTAYITERA yunganiwe na Me MUTEMBE, ku ruhande
rwa MAGERWA hari Lambert NYONI, Umuyobozi Mukuri na MUPENZI RUJARI Thierry,
ushinzwe amategeko, ndetse na Me BATWARE wunganira MAGERWA.
[67] Urukiko rweretswe inyandiko zimwe rwari rukeneye nka liste de paie, ruzisuzumira aho
ngaho ababuranyi bose bahari, ariko hari n’ibyo rutashoboye kubona nka za annexes ku
nyandiko ya RUTAYITERA yo kuwa 26/11/2004.
[68] Urukiko rwabajije ababuranyi niba hari icyo bongera ku rubanza rwabo, Me MUTEMBE avuga
ko bakoze “actualisation” y’ibyo basaba, MUPENZI RUJARI Thierry avuga ko iyo actualisation
idakwiye kwitabwaho kuko itagibweho impaka mu rubanza, nyuma rumenyesha ababuranyi
ko urubanza ruzasomwa kuwa 27/11/2009, uwo munsi ntirwasomwa kubera ko umwe mu
bacamanza bagize inteko yari yagiye gutanga amahagurwa mu kigo cy’i Nyanza, isomwa
ry’urubanza rishyirwa kuwa 04/12/2009.
III. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA
[69] RUTAYITERA yajuririye imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika
avuga ko atahawe ibirarane ku mushahara we na prime de fidélité, ku bijyanye na prime de
bilan na gratification, avuga ko yahawe igice gusa kuko yahabwaga amafaranga abariwe ku
mushahara ugabanyijwe, ku bijyanye n’indishyi mbonezamusaruro, avuga ko zabazwe mu
bushishozi bw’urukiko kandi zifite imibare iboneka.
143

[70] MAGERWA nayo yuririye kuri ubwo bujurire, isaba Urukiko kwemeza ko ibyo RUTAYITERA
aregera byose nta shingiro bifite kuko yahawe imperekeza zose yagombaga guhabwa, akaba
adakwiye kuregera umushahara yemeye kugira ngo ikigo kidahomba.
[71] Ku byerekeye ibirarane ku mushahara RUTAYITERA aregera, impande zombi zemeranya ko

guhera mu kwezi kwa 5/2002 umushahara mbumbe (salaire de base) wa RUTAYITERA
wari ugeze ku mafaranga 1.364.236 washyizwe ku mafaranga 500.000 hakurikijwe icyemezo
cy’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA ya 127 yateranye kuwa 11/04/2002 ikanamugenera
umwanya wa Conseiller à la direction.
[72] Mu bujurire bwe, RUTAYITERA avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze ibirarane ku mishahara
ye byariho ariko rwemeza mu buryo budasobanutse ko byishyuwe byose ubwo yahabwaga
6 .132.138frw, akaba anenga icyo cyemezo kuko kuba yarahawe ayo mafaranga
ntibisobanura ko yahawe ibirarane byose nk’uko amategeko abiteganya.
[73] Urukiko rusanga koko, nk’uko RUTAYITERA abivuga, Urukiko Rukuru rwaremeje ko ariya
mafaranga ari igisubizo ku birarane rutagaragaje ariko uko yabazwe n’umushahara remezo
washingiweho mu ibara ryabyo.
[74] Urukiko rusanga nanone, nk’uko RUTAYITERA abivuga, MAGERWA yaremeye inshuro
zirenze imwe kandi mu buryo bweruye ko RUTAYITERA agomba gukorerwa régularisation,
bikaba bigaragarira mu nyandiko mvugo y’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA ya 138
yateranye kuwa 11/03/2005 ( « informé également de l’avis favorable de l’Avocat en rapport
avec le paiement des droits acquis réclamés par Monsieur RUTAYITERA, le Conseil a
recommandé leur paiement de manière équitable. A cet effet, la Direction Générale de
MAGERWA travaillera de concert avec le Président du Conseil pour la détermination du
montant équitable à payer à l’ancien Conseiller de la Direction Générale» , bikagaragarira no
mu ibaruwa Perezida w’iyo nama yandikiye umuyobozi mukuru wa MAGERWA kuwa
25/05/2005 ( « nous vous transmettons nos observations sur les calculs que vous avez effectués
dans la régularisation des salaires et indemnités de Mr RUTAYITERA Pascal.Veuillez procéder à
la régularisation en tenant compte de nos observations » ).
[75] Urukiko rusanga ndetse MAGERWA yarabishyize mu bikorwa ubwo bamukoreraga

régularisation mu kwezi kwa 06/2005, bakamuha 6.132.138 frw net akubiyemo « droits
acquis ; régularisation des droits acquis, indemnité sur droits acquis de 119 jours de congé non
pris ; indemnité compensatoire sur droits acquis ; indemnité de départ en retraire sur droits
acquis ; indemnité de transport (6 mois) », ibyo MAGERWA yireguza ko iyo régularisation
yakozwe kugira ngo ikibazo yari ifitanye na RUTAYITERA gikemuke ku neza bikaba ahubwo
bishimangira ko nayo yemeraga ko yari imubereyemo ibirarane ku mushahara no kuri
indemnités yagombaga kumubarira muri décompte final.
[76] Urukiko rusanga rero ikibazo atari kumenya impamvu RUTAYITERA yagabanyirijwe
umushahara, ndetse atari no kumenya niba RUTAYITERA agomba gukorerwa régularisation
144

kuko byemejwe na MAGERWA ubwayo, ahubwo ari ukumenya niba ibirarane
by’umushahara RUTAYITERA asaba bigomba kubarwa haherewe ku mushahara mbumbe
(salaire de base) wa 1.364.136frw yari agezeho mu kwezi kwa 4/2002 nk’uko RUTAYITERA
abivuga cyangwa niba hagomba kwemezwa ko régularisation MAGERWA yamukoreye
hakurikijwe uko ibona umushahara we ngo wagombaga kugenda uzamuka uhereye kuri
250.000 frws muri 1995 kugeza muri 2004, ihuje n’ibyo amategeko ateganya, bityo ngo
akaba nta yandi mafaranga agomba guhabwa.
[77] Urukiko rusanga ibisobanuro bya MAGERWA ko itamenye aho umushahara wa 1.364.136 frw
ukomoka, akaba ariyo mpamvu bamukoreye régularisation bahereye ku mibare bikoreye
(fictifs) nta shingiro bifite kuko imishahara y’abayobozi bakuru ba MAGERWA yagenwaga
n’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya MAGERWA, hakaba nta na hamwe bigaragara, mu nyandiko mvugo
z’Inama y’Ubuyobozi ya MAGERWA ko RUTAYITERA yasabwe ibisobanuro ku mushahara
yaba yarihembye mu buryo budasobanutse.
[78] Urukiko rusanga rero RUTAYITERA agomba gukorerwa régularisation ishingiye ku

mushahara nyakuri yahembwaga mu kwa 4/2002 ariwo 1.364.136frw, hiyongeraho 11% buri
mwaka nk’uko na MAGERWA yabikoze muri régularisation yamukoreye mu kwezi kwa
6/2005 ishingiye ku mibare fictif, imibare ikaba iteye itya:
Tableau 1 : droits acquis sur le salaire

Salaire Salaire Droits acquis Nbre de mois Montant restant dû
de base acquis de base versé (différence entre le à régulariser
salaire de base
acquis et le salaire
de base versé
2002 1.364.136 500.000 864.136 8 6.913.088
mai à déc
2003 1.514.191 557.500 956.691 12 11.480.292
( 1.364.136+11%)
2004 1.680.752 618.825 1.061.927 11 11.681.197
Janv à nov (1.514.191 +11%)
Total 30.080.577
Tableau 2: indemnités sur droits acquis de 119 jours de congé non pris
Droits acquis Nbre de jours Total Explication
2004
1.061.927 119 4.212.309 Droits acquis /30 x nbre jours
Tableau 3: indemnités compensatoire de préavis sur droits acquis

Droits acquis Total Explication
1.061.927 4.890.387 Droits acquis x 5 (amezi 5 aho kuba 6 asabwa na Rutayitera kuko yakoze
ukwezi kumwe, araguhemberwa hasigara amezi 5 yaherewe indemnité de
préavis), ni ukuvuga 1.061.927frw x 5 = 5.309.635frw. Rutayitera ariko
yasabye 4.890.387frw.Ntabwo urukiko rwamuha arenga ayo asaba.
145

Tableau 4: indemnités de départ en retraite sur droits acquis
Droits acquis Total Explication
1.061.927 6.371.562 Droits acquis x 6
[79] Ku byerekeye frais de transport y’amezi 10, urukiko rusanga ibyo RUTAYITERA asaba
yarabihawe byose kuko yahawe ubwa mbere indemnité y’amezi 4, ubwa kabiri ahabwa
amezi 6, yose hamwe akaba yarahawe 3.000.000frw abariwe kuri 300.000frw ku kwezi, bityo
amafaranga yagennwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika akaba agomba kuvanywaho
hashingiwe ku bujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa MAGERWA bwerekeye urubanza rwose
rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika.
[80] Ku byerekeye gratification na prime de bilan, Urukiko rusanga mu kugena 3.600.000

(600.000frw x 6), Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika rutarabonye ko hari amafaranga
RUTAYITERA yahawe kandi nawe yemera ko yabonye, akaba aregera gusa régularisation
ishingiye ku mushahara we nyakuri, uko kwibesya kukaba kwaratumye urwo rukiko
rumugenera amafaranga adafite aho ashingiye, akaba agomba kuvanwaho hashingiwe ku
bujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa MAGERWA.
[81] Urukiko rusanga kandi ibyo RUTAYITERA asaba byo gukorerwa régularisation ya prime de
bilan na gratification kuva 2002 kugeza 2004, atabihabwa kuko uburyo byo kubara izo
primes bwagendaga buhindagurika bitewe n’umusaruro w’ikigo na cotation y’umukozi
nk’uko bivugwa mu ngingo ya 35 na 36 z’itegeko rigenga abakozi (le montant de la
gratification est fonction du salaire mensuel de base et de la cotation annuelle/la prime de bilan
peut être accordée…. quand les résultats … le permettent), RUTAYITERA akaba atarigeze
agaragariza Urukiko ibyaherwagaho mu kuzigena mu myaka asabira régularisation.
[82] Ku byerekeye prime de fidélité ihabwa abakozi bamaze imyaka 10, uru rukiko rusanga,
nk’uko byasobanuwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, MAGERWA ariyo yatumye RUTAYITERA atagera ku
myaka 10 ayikorera kuko yari asigaje amezi 5 gusa ngo ayigezeho, MAGERWA ihitamo
kumwishyura ayo mezi 5 y’integuza, bityo ikaba igomba kumwishyura 1.210.142 frw kuko
ariwo mushahara net yari kuba agezeho iyo atagabanyirizwa umushahara mu kwezi kwa
4/2002 nk’uko byasobanuwe na RUTAYITERA bikaba bitaravugurujwe na MAGERWA.
[83] Ku byerekeye indishyi mbonezamusaruro RUTAYITERA asaba ngo kuko yashyizwe mu

kiruhuko cy’izabukuru adahawe integuza y’amezi 6 iteganywa mu ngingo ya 51 y’Itegeko
rigenga abakozi, urukiko rusanga nta shingiro zifite kuko yahawe integuza y’ukwezi kumwe,
araguhemberwa, ahabwa n’amafaranga ahwanye n’amezi 5 yasonewe gukora, bityo akaba
atavuga ko hari igihombo yagize mu gihe yabonye amafaranga yose yagombaga kubona mu
gihe cy’amezi 6 y’integuza.
[84] Ku byerekeye indishyi zo gusezererwa ku kazi nta mpamvu RUTAYITERA asaba ashingiye ku
ngingo ya 33 y’Itegeko n° 13/2009 ryo kuwa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo, urukiko
rusanga nta shingiro zifite kuko iyo ngingo ireba gusa abakozi birukanywe ku kazi mu buryo
bunyuranije n’amategeko, akaba atariko bimeze kubimureba kuko atirukwanywe ahubwo
146

yashyizwe mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, akaba yarahawe imperekeza y’izabukuru
itabangikanywa n’ay’isezererwa nk’uko bivugwa mu ngingo ya 36 y’itegeko rigenga
umurimo.
[85] Ku byerekeye indishyi z’ubukererwe, urukiko rusanga zifite ishingiro, zikaba zigomba
kubarwa guhera tariki ya 01/12/2004 igihe yagombaga guherwa imperekeza ze zose na
solde de tout compte, zikabarirwa kuri taux ya 7,33% ku mwaka kuko ihuje na taux moyen
itangwa na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu.
[86] Ku byerekeye indishyi z’akababaro, Urukiko rusanga ubujurire bwa RUTAYITERA nta
shingiro bufite kuko atagaragaza icyo anenga icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rukuru gishimangira
icyemezo cy’Urukiko Rwisumbuye cyo kumugenera 2.000.000frw.
[87] Urukiko rusanga rero, hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa, RUTAYITERA agomba guhabwa
37.003.912frw, abazwe mu buryo bukurikira:
Tableau : synthèse des régularisations

Intitulé Montant
Droit acquis salaire 30.080.577
Régularisation congé non pris( 119jours) +4.212.309
Régularisation préavis 5 mois +4.890.387
Régularisation prime de départ en retraite + 6.371.562
Sous total 45.554.835
Taxe professionnelle sur le revenu -13.650.451
(45.554.835 -100.000) x 30% + 14.000frw
(Urukiko rwifashishije formule2 rwahawe n’Impuguke mu by’imishahara Rubayika
Soter ikubiye mu ngingo ya 50 y’Itegeko n°16/2005 ryo kuwa 18/08/2005 rigena
imisoro itaziguye ku musaruro, JO n° 1 du 1er janvier 2006
CSR (3%) -1.366.645
Déduire chèque n° 1069959 -6.132.138
Prime de fidélité 1 x le salaire net +1.210.142
Dommages et intérêts de retard 7,33% ku mwaka mu gihe cy’imyaka 5 9.388.169
(25.615.743 x 7.33% x 5
Dommages moraux 2.000.000
Total général 37.003.912
2
Revenus de 0 à 30.000frw, taux d’imposition = 0%
Revenus de 30.0001frw à 100.000frw, taux d’imposition= 20%
Revenus de 100.0001 et plus, taux d’imposition = 30%
147

ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO
[88] Rwemeye kwakira ubujurire bwa RUTAYITERA n’ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa
MAGERWA kuko bwatanzwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko.
[89] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa RUTAYITERA bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe.
[90] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwa MAGERWA nabwo bufite ishingiro kuri
bimwe.
[91] Ruvuze ko urubanza RSOCA 0290/06/HC/KIG raciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika
ruhindutse kuri byose.
[92] Rutegetse MAGERWA kwishyura RUTAYITERA 37.003.912frw mu gihe kitarenze amezi

atatu, yaba itayishyuye, akavanwa mu byayo ku ngufu za Leta.
[93] Ruyitegetse gutanga umusogongero wa Leta wa 4% ya 37.003.912frw, ni ukuvuga

1.480.156frw, ikayatanga mu gihe kitarenze ukwezi kumwe, yaba itayishyuye, akavanwa mu
byayo ku ngufu za Leta.
[94] Rutegetse MAGERWA na RUTAYITERA gufatanya gutanga amagarama y’uru rubanza angana
na 33.700frw, batayishyura mu gihe gitgetswe akava mu byabo ku ngufu za Leta.
RUKIJIJWE RUTYO KANDI RUSOMEWE MU RUHAME NONE KUWA 04/12/2009 N’URUKIKO

RW’IKIRENGA RUGIZWE NA MUTASHYA JEAN BAPTISTE: PEREZIDA, NYIRINKWAYA
IMMACULEE NA HAVUGIYAREMYE JULIEN: ABACAMANZA, BAFASHIJWE NA
MUNYANDAMUTSA JEAN PIERRE, UMWANDITSI W’URUKIKO.
MUTASHYA JEAN BAPTISTE

Perezida
NYIRINKWAYA Immaculée HAVUGIYAREMYE Julien

MUNYANDAMUTSA JEAN PIERRE

148
PACT

Icyegeranyo cy'Ibyemezo by'Inkiko

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ICYEGERANYO CY’IBYEMEZO BY’INKIKO Igitabo cya gatatu , nº 6

Igitabo cya gatatu, nº 6

MUGENZI Louis-Marie : Perezida wa Komite,

NYIRINKWAYA Immaculée : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

KALIWABO Charles : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

BWIZA Marie- Blanche : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

KIBUKA Jean luc : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

YARAMBA Athanase : Umwe mu bagize komite,

KABERUKA Claude : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

BAZIHANA Fidèle : Umwe mu bagize Komite,

NKUBITO William : Umwanditsi wa Komite,

KABASHA Védaste : Umwanditsi wa Komite,

Urwego ruhagarariye icyegeranyo: URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA

Aho icyegeranyo kibarizwa:

Muri iki cyegeranyo, buri rubanza rubanzirizwa n’imirimo

Iyi nomero y’Icyegeranyo cy’Ibyemezo by’Inkiko ni iya

Abacamanza ku nzego zitandukanye, abahagararira

Izindi nkiko zitari Urukiko rw’Ikirenga zatangiye kwitabira

Turasaba abasomyi b’iki cyegeranyo gutanga

Ku byerekeye iyi numero, turasangamo muri rusange imanza

2.IMANZA Z’INSHINJABYAHA - KUDAHINDURA IKIREGO KURWEGO

•AGACIRO K’IGIKORWA CYANGWA INYANDIKO YAKOZWE N’UTABIFITIYE

3.IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO – KUREKA IKIREGO NO KUREKA URUBANZA

6.IMANZA Z’IMBONEZAMUBANO - URUBANZA RUBANZIRIZA URUNDI -

7.IMANZA Z’UBUCURUZI - KUTUBAHIRIZA IMINSI Y’UBUJURIRE

11.IMANZA Z’UMURIMO - UKUDASUBIRA INYUMA K’UMUSHAHARA UMUKOZI

IMPAMVU ZIKURAHO ICYAHA - UKWITABARA

IBIBAZO BY’AMATEGEKO BYAGARAGAJWE

- Byitwa kwitabara kandi nta cyaha kiba kiriho, cyaba icy’ubugome

URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA, RURI I KIGALI,

Kuba ari ahantu havuzwe haruguru , ku itariki 16/08/2004

IKIREGERWA MU RUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA

(1). Kuwa 16/8/2004 Ngendandumwe yashyikirije

II. IMIGENDEKERE Y‘URUBANZA

(4). Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza n° RP 0133/06/

(5). Ndagijimana ntiyishimiye imikirize y’Urubanza,

(6). Itegeko n°0076/09/RP rya Perezida w‘Urukiko rw`Ikirenga

i. Ingingo z’ubujurire za NDAGIJIMANA

(7). NDAGIJIMANA yasobanuye ko hari umwanzuro

(8). Ku bijyanye n’uko ibintu byagenze, yavuze ko yagiye mu

(9). Ngo yabonye bamumereye nabi, arataka abantu

(10). NDAGIJIMANA yasobanuye kandi ko impamvu yari

ii. Icyo Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ku ngingo

(11). Umushinjacyaha yavuze ko NDAGIJIMANA yakoze

(12). Umushinjacyaha yavuze ariko nanone ko, akurikije

(13). Iburanisha ryarasojwe, urukiko rutangaza ko isomwa

III. IBIGOMBA GUSUZUMWA

(14). Ikibazo kigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni

(15). Ku bijyanye no kwitabara, ingingo ya 337 y’igitabo

(16). Hakurikijwe uko ibintu byagenze nk’uko NDAGIJIMANA

amaze kurwana n’uwitwa Vianney na bene wabo wa

(17). Mu buhamya bwatanzwe na MUHIRWA Vianney,

(18). Uwitwa NYIRANEZA Julie wakomerekejwe na grenade,

(19). Hakurikijwe imiburanire ya NDAGIJIMANA muri uru

(20). Ikindi, nk’uko bisobanurwa n‘umuhanga mu mategeko

iyo wakoresheje uburyo burengeje kure ubwakoreshejwe

(21). Ibi rero nabyo byongera kwerekana ko NDAGIJIMANA

(22). Umushinjacyaha yasabye ko, akurikije ubuhamya

(23). Ku bijyanye n’ubwo busembure (provocation), ingingo

(24). Hasesenguwe ibiteganywa n’izo ngingo zombi, cyane

(25). Ibi rero birerekana ko NDAGIJIMANA mu by’ukuri

:« Iyo hagaragajwe impamvu zitubya ububi bw’icyaha:

(26). Urukiko rurasanga hakurikijwe ibisobanuro byatanzwe