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Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 a

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The Legal Aid Forum – Rwanda
Forum d’Aide Juridique – Rwanda
Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko – Rwanda

Imbumbanyigisho y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko


Inama ku nshingano z’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko na Tekiniki bakoresha
Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Igitabo cyateguwe na:
The Legal Aid Forum – Forum d’Aide Juridique
Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko
Kimihurura – PO Box 5225, Kigali – Rwanda
E-mail: legalaidrwanda@gmail.com
Telefoni igendanwa: (+250) 078 830 7174

Inkunga ya tekiniki n’iy’amafaranga yatanzwe na:


The Danish Institute for Human Rights
Institut Danois des Droits de l’Homme

Inkunga y’amafaranga yatanzwe na:


Ambasade y’Ubwami bw’u Buholandi
i Kigali, Rwanda na DANIDA

Uburenganzira bw’umwanditsi

Igice icyo ari cyo cyose cy’iki gitabo gishobora guhindurwa mu zindi ndimi, kwiganwa no
kugezwa ku bandi bantu mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, ndetse no gufotorwa. Uretse kuvuga
uwateguye iki gitabo, nta ruhushya rugomba gusabwa uwagiteguye kugira ngo umuntu
agikoreshe, agihindure mu zindi ndimi, agitubure cyangwa agire uwo yoherereza igice icyo
ari cyo cyose cy’iki gitabo.

Nta muryango cyangwa umuntu ku giti cye uhinduye iki gitabo mu zindi ndimi, ucyiganye,
cyangwa ufotoye igice icyo ari cyo cyose cy’iki gitabo ushobora kwiyitirira uburenganzira
butaziguye kuri iki gitabo. Igice icyo ari cyo cyose cy’iki gitabo gihinduwe mu zindi ndimi
cyangwa gifotowe kigomba gukurikiza ibimaze kuvugwa haruguru ku byerekeye imikoreshereze
y’iki gitabo.

Kugurisha cyangwa gukoresha iki gitabo ku buryo bwo gushaka indonke birabujijwe igihe icyo
ari cyo cyose.

© The Legal Aid Forum – Forum d’Aide Juridique, 2009


Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko, Rwanda, 2009

Ibishushanyo byakozwe na Joseph Twizerimana

Cyatunganyijwe kandi gicapwa na Noel Creative Media Limited

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009
Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Ibirimo

Uko iki Gitabo Gikoreshwa.................................................................... ii


Abatuwe iki Gitabo.................................................................................... iii
Gushimira .......................................................................................................v
Irangashingiro–Kugera ku Butabera n’Ubufasha mu
by’Amategeko ............................................................................................. vii
Ubushobozi na Tekiniki by’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko.......... ix
Icyiciro cya 1 Ubukangurambaga bw’abaturage ..................................................... 1
Icyiciro cya 2 Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura . .......................................... 3
Icyiciro cya 3 Kwakira abagenerwabikorwa............................................................. 11
Icyiciro cya 4 Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa .............................................................. 15
Icyiciro cya 5 Kuyobora, Kohereza ahandi no Guherekeza.............................. 23
Icyiciro cya 6 Inama mu by’Amategeko & gutegura inyandiko...................... 29
Icyiciro cya 7 Ubuhuza n’Umushyikirano................................................................. 35
Icyiciro cya 8 Iperereza n’Ikurikiranabikorwa........................................................ 41
Icyiciro cya 9 Inshingano y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko mu gucunga
amakuru n’Isano iri hagati y’Igenzurabikorwa,
Ubushakashatsi n’Ubuvugizi ............................................................. 43
Ibisobanuro by’amagambo ................................................................... 47
Imigereka. ..................................................................................................... 53
Ibyerekeranye n’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu
by’Amategeko ............................................................................................. 68
Ibyo ushaka kwandikaho byawe bwite. .................................... 72-73

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 i
Abatuwe iki Gitabo
Iki gitabo gituwe abafasha mu by’amategeko benshi
badahwema gutanga inkunga yabo buri munsi bagamije
guteza imbere ubutabera batanga serivisi z’ubufasha
mu by’amategeko mu baturage. Inkunga y’abafasha mu
by’amategeko ni ingenzi cyane mu gufasha abaturage
kugera ku butabera butunganye, budaheza, kandi
bubereye bose.

ii Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Uko iki Gitabo gikoreshwa

Imbubanyigisho y’Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko yateguriwe abafasha


mu by’amategeko n’ibigo bihugura abafasha mu by’amategeko mu
Rwanda hose kugira ngo bayikoreshe mu kurangiza inshingano
zabo. Iki gitabo ni cyo cya mbere kigamije by’umwihariko gutanga
ubumenyi bujyanye n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko. Iki
gitabo kandi kiberanye n’abafasha mu by’amategeko bo mu bindi
bihugu byo muri Afurika, ndetse gishobora guhuzwa n’imico
n’imigirire yo mu bindi bihugu cyangwa indi migabane y’isi nk’u
Burayi, Aziya n’ahandi.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko ni igitabo umufasha


mu by’amategeko wese uzi gusoma no kwandika icyongereza cyangwa
ikinyarwanda ashobora gukoresha ubwe bitabaye ngombwa ko
akenera inkunga. Ibitekerezo byose bisobanuwe mu buryo bworoshye
kandi busobanura byinshi mu magambo make. Kugira ngo ashobore
gukarishya ubushobozi n’ubwenge bye, umufasha mu by’amategeko
agomba gukoresha buri gihe iki gitabo n’izindi nyandiko zigiherekeje
nk’inyandiko y’ifatizo. Umufasha mu by’amategeko agomba buri gihe
gushaka akanya ko gushyira ubwenge ku gihe mu byerekeye ubufasha
mu by’amategeko. Uko guhora yihugura ubwe bifasha umufasha mu
by’amategeko guhora afite amakuru agezweho kandi akeneye kugira
ngo amufashe gutanga serivisi nziza z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko.

Iki gitabo kirimo ibikoresho by’icyitegererezo kandi gitanga


ingero n’inkuru zishingiye ku byabayeho koko mu buzima ndetse
kinashingira no ku mategeko y’u Rwanda. Turashishikariza abafasha
mu by’amategeko kwifashisha iki gitabo mu buryo bihitiyemo bitewe
n’intego bashaka kugeraho n’ahantu n’ibihe byihariye bakoramo.

Iki gitabo cyateguwe ku buryo buri mutwe uba wihagije. Akurikije


ubushobozi ashaka kwibandaho, umufasha mu by’amategeko
yifashisha imitwe y’iki gitabo irebana n’ubwo bushobozi.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 iii
iv Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Gushimira
Gutegura no gutunganya iyi mbumbanyigisho y’Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko
byashobotse kubera igikorwa cyo kugisha inama abantu benshi cyatangiye mu
Ugushyingo 2007 kigeza muri Gicurasi 2009. Imiryango myinshi igize Ihuriro
ry’Imiryango Itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko ndetse n’abantu ku giti cyabo
bagize uruhare rukomeye mu itegura n’itunganywa ry’iki gitabo haba mu
gutanga ibitekerezo, mu bushakashatsi, mu mpaka zagiwe no mu isesengura
ryakozwe.

Ni yo mpamvu dushimira imiryango inyuranye inkunga yaduteye, cyane cyane


imiryango igize Itsinda rishinzwe gutegura imbumbanyigisho y’Ubufasha
mu by’Amategeko, ari yo: Ajprodho, Avega, Haguruka, Human Rights First
Rwanda, Ikigo ngishwanama mu by’amategeko cya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, the
Danish Institute for Human Rights na Penal Reform International – yafashe
iya mbere mu kwegeranya ibitekerezo kuri uyu mushinga. Turashimira kandi
Itsinda rishinzwe Documentation, Monitoring and Evaluation – Adepe, Cladho
na Dufatanye Network – ryateguye impapuro zuzuzwa z’abagenerwabikorwa
rikanatanga ibitekerezo by’ingirakamaro byashyizwe muri iki gitabo.

Turashimira by’umwihariko abafasha mu by’amategeko n’abanyeshuri biga mu


Ishami ry’Amategeko muri za Kaminuza bakurikiranye isomo rya mbere ku
ikusanyamakuru muri Mata 2008, bagakora igerageza-fatizo mu Ukwakira 2008
ndetse bakanaryemeza muri Gashyantare 2009. Abo ni abafasha mu by’amategeko
baturutse mu Ntara zose z’igihugu kandi bakorana n’imiryango Adepe, Ajprodho,
Avega na Haguruka; n’abanyeshuri biga mu Ishami ry’Amategeko bari muri kigo
ngishwanama mu by’amategeko cya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda n’abaturutse muri
Kaminuza Yigenga ya Kigali i Rubavu. Turashimira kandi Ababuranira abandi
mu Nkiko /Judicial Defenders b’i Rubavu kubera inkunga baduteye mu gihe
cy’igerageza-fatizo no kwemeza iki gitabo.

Nanone kandi iki gitabo nticyari gushobora gutegurwa iyo kidaterwa inkunga
ya buri gihe n’abakozi bo mu bunyamabanga bw’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Itanga
Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko (LAF) bakoze ubutaruhuka kugira ngo Itsinda
rishinzwe gutegura imbumbanyigisho y’Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko risohoze
inshingano ryari ryihaye.

Turashimira kandi itsinda ry’abakurikiranye imyandikire y’iki gitabo, kubera ko


bagisomye bakanatanga inama nziza.

Ntitwakwibagirwa inzobere ebyiri zoherejwe n’Umuryango Legal Resources


Foundation Trust (LRF) – umuryango utagengwa na Leta ukorera muri Kenya
– ubinyujije ku kigo cy’amahugurwa Haki Institute Training, kubera inama,
ubwitange n’ibitekerezo zatanze mu gihe iki gitabo cyategurwaga. Ibitekerezo
byatanzwe na Jedidah Wakonyo Waruhiu ndetse na George Mwai Gichuki mu

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 v
kudusangiza ku byo banyuzemo mu rwego rw’akazi kabo byatugiriye akamaro
katagereranywa. Abakozi ba LRF baduteye inkunga mu rwego rwa tekiniki
ubwo twari muri Kenya nabo turabashimiye byimazeyo.

Mu kurangiza, turashima cyane inkunga mu rwego rwa tekiniki n’imali twatewe


n’umuryango wita ku burenganzira bwa muntu wo muri Danemariki/ Danish
Institute for Human Rights ndetse n’inkunga y’amafaranga twatewe na Ambasade
y’Ubwami bw’u Buholandi i Kigali (Rwanda) n’umuryango DANIDA yatumye
dushobora gutegura no gushyira iki gitabo ahagaragara.

The Legal Aid Forum – Forum d’Aide Juridique – Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Itanga
Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko – Kigali, Rwanda – Gicurasi 2009

vi Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Irangashingiro
Kugera ku Butabera n’Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko

Benshi mu batuye isi nta buryo na buke bafite bwo Kugera ku butabera – ari
nabwo burenganzira bwa muntu butuma n’ubundi burenganzira bwe bushoboka.
Kubona amakuru yumvikana kandi ku buryo bworoshye yerekeye amategeko,
uburenganzira ndetse n’inzira zikurikizwa mu bucamanza birakomeye kandi
hari n’inzitizi nyinshi mu rwego rw’ubukungu n’imibanire y’abantu zitambika
imbere y’abaturage.

Iyo bimeze bityo – ni ko bimeze kandi ku bakene no ku baturage bo mu


cyaro by’umwihariko – abafasha mu by’amategeko bashobora kugira uruhare
rukomeye. Bashobora gufasha abaturage kwiyambaza amategeko, gusobanukirwa
uburenganzira bwabo ndetse no kubuharanira.

Ubwo burenganzira bwanditse mu masezerano mpuzamahanga no mu Itegeko


Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda. Ingingo ya 16 y’Itegeko Nshinga rya
Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo kuwa 04 Kamena 2003 n’ingingo ya 7 y’Amasezerano
Mpuzamahanga y’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu ziravuga ngo “Abantu bose
barareshya imbere y’amategeko. Itegeko ribarengera ku buryo bumwe nta vangura
iryo ari ryo ryose”. Ingingo zihariye zishimangira uburenganzira bwo guhabwa
amakuru n’ubwo gucirwa urubanza rutabogamye. Nyamara ubwo burenganzira
bwose buba imfabusa iyo imikorere n’inzira zikoreshwa mu butabera bidafashije
abaturage kubugeraho.

Nk’uko byavuzwe, abafasha mu by’amategeko bashobora kugira uruhare


rw’ibanze baba nk’ikiraro. Kubera ko bazi neza abaturage babana kandi bakorana,
bashobora kubagira inama irasa ku ntego no kubahugura muri urwo rwego.
Bashobora kubona aho ibibazo n’inzitizi biri, hanyuma, bakoresheje imikoranire
yabo n’imiryango itagengwa na Leta, abavoka n’abayobozi, bagatanga, igihe
bishoboka, ibisubizo byoroshye kandi bya hafi.

Kubera ko ryemera uruhare rukomeye rw’abafasha mu by’amategeko, Ihuriro


ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko mu Rwanda (LAF) ririmo
gushakisha uburyo bunyuranye bwo kubatera inkunga mu murimo wabo. Iyi
mbumbanyigisho ni uburyo bumwe bwo kubatera inkunga, kandi igamije guha
abafasha mu by’amategeko amakuru yumvikana ku buryo bwo gukora umurimo
wabo. Urugero ni ukubaha inama ku buryo bakira ababagana no ku kamaro ko

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 vii
kubagirira ibanga kugira ngo kubonana nabo bwa mbere bikorwe mu buryo
bwa gihanga bukurikije umwuga.

Iyi mbumbanyigisho ishobora gukoreshwa muri gahunda yo guhugura abafasha


mu by’amategeko ndetse ishobora no gukoreshwa nk’igikoresho abafasha mu
by’amategeko bamaze igihe muri uwo murimo bashobora kwiyambaza. Kubera
ko igamije gutanga ubushobozi, itanga umusingi wo kubakiraho ubundi bwenge
ku mategeko ndetse n’ubushobozi bwihariye bw’inyongera nko kuba umuhuza.
Mu rwego rwo gutanga umusanzu muri iki gikorwa gikomeza, Ihuriro
ry’Imiryango Itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko rirashishikariza abafasha
mu by’amategeko n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa gutanga ibitekerezo kuri iyi
mbumbanyigisho ndetse n’inama ku mbumbanyigisho zizakurikiraho.

The Legal Aid Forum – Forum d’Aide Juridique – Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Itanga
Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko – Kigali, Rwanda – Gicurasi 2009

viii Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Ubushobozi na Tekiniki by’Abafasha mu
by’Amategeko

Iyi Mbumbanyigisho y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko irabafasha


gusobanukirwa neza:
1. Inshingano z’ibanze n’uburyo umufasha mu
by’amategeko akoresha;
2. Uburyo bwo kwitegura no gukorana neza
n’abagenerwabikorwa;
3. Ubushobozi bw’ingenzi bujyanye n’umurimo
w’umufasha mu by’amategeko.

Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko ufite uruhare rukomeye mu gufasha abantu


kumva amategeko no kuyiyambaza. Uri ikiraro gihuza abaturage, abayobozi
n’inzego z’ubutabera ku bijyanye no kugera ku butabera. Kenshi usanga
umufasha mu by’amategeko ari we muntu abaturage bakeneye serivisi zinyuranye
zerekeranye n’amategeko bisunga mbere na mbere. Ni ngombwa rero ko uwo
muntu abaturage bakenera mbere y’abandi ahugurwa neza, akagira ubumenyi
kandi agafasha umuntu cyangwa abantu bose bireba!

Inzego z’ubuyobozi
Inzego z’ubutabera

Abafasha mu
Imiryango by’amateko Abaturage
itagengwa na
Leta

Abavoka, Abunganizi mu nkiko

Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko, hari inshingano zitandukanye, tekiniki,


ubushobozi, n’uburyo ushobora gukoresha mu kazi kawe ka buri munsi. Ibyo
bigufasha kwiyongerera icyizere, ubwenge, imikoranire no guha abaturage
serivisi nziza zishingiye ku mwuga igihe cyose.

Uburyo bwiza bufasha abafasha mu by’amategeko kugera kuri izo tekiniki n’ubwo
bushobozi ni uguhora babukoresha bakanasangira amasomo bavana mu byo bakora.
Ubwiza bwa serivisi utanga buzaterwa inkunga yisumbuye kandi bukurikiranwe
n’Umuryango ukorana na wo.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 ix
x Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 1
Ubukangurambaga bw’abaturage

Nyuma y’iki cyiciro, uraba wumvise


neza:
1. ubukangurambaga
bw’abaturage icyo ari cyo;
2. uburyo wamenyesha
abaturage serivisi
z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko
utanga.

Guhuza Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko ugomba gukorera abaturage


n’abaturage ubukangurambaga, ubaha amakuru:
• ku nshingano zawe nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko; no
• ku bwoko bwa serivisi z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko
n’inkunga ushobora gutanga.
Ubukangurambaga busaba guhuriza abaturage hamwe no
kubashishikariza kugufasha kurangiza inshingano zawe
nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko; urugero nko kugufasha
gukwirakwiza amakuru.
Icyitonderwa: Banza ugenzure niba ari wowe cyangwa
umuryango mukorana uzahuriza hamwe igikorwa
cy’ubukangurambaga mbere yo kwibwira abaturage.

 Ni iki abaturage bakeneye kumenya?


Amakuru yo
Abafasha mu by’Amategeko ni BANTU KI cyangwa ni iyihe miryango itanga serivisi
kugeza ku z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko?
baturage
NI UBUHE BWOKO bwa serivisi abagenerwabikorwa bashobora guhabwa
n’abafasha mu by’amategeko?
NI HE abagenerwabikorwa bashobora gusanga abafasha mu by’amategeko?
NI RYARI cyangwa ni ku yihe minsi y’icyumweru no ku yahe masaha
abagenerwabikorwa bashobora guhabwa serivisi z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko?
NI GUTE abagenerwabikorwa bagera ku mufasha mu by’amategeko? Hari
ibyangombwa byihariye bagomba kwitwaza, nk’indangamuntu cyangwa impapuro
zerekeranye n’ikibazo cyabo?

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 1
Icyiciro cya 1 Ubukangurambaga bw’abaturage

Kumenya ibyo
abaturage
!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Kumenya ibyo abaturage bagutezeho:
Ugomba kwirinda kubwira abaturage ko uri
bagutezeho avoka cyangwa ko ufite ubushobozi bwo
gukemura ibibazo byabo byose. Abaturage
bagomba kumenya aho umurimo w’ubufasha
mu by’amategeko ugarukira kugira ngo ibyo
ukora bitazabaca intege, bikabatera ipfunwe
cyangwa bigatuma babyinubira.

Uburyo bwo Abaturage bazamenya bate serivisi z’ubufasha


gutanga
amakuru mu by’amategeko utanga?
Ushobora gukora ubukangurambaga ku rwego rw’abantu ku giti
cyabo, mu matsinda yihariye cyangwa ku baturage muri rusange,
ukoresheje gahunda za radiyo, ibitangazamakuru, udutabo,
amatangazo amanikwa, ikinamico n’imishyikirano n’abayobozi
b’inzego z’ibanze, inzego z’ubutabera, ibigo by’amadini, serivisi
zita ku mibereho myiza y’abaturage, n’ibindi.

Igihe cyose bishoboka, koresha uburyo budasaba amafaranga


menshi (nk’inama rusange zikoreshwa n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze
cyangwa ibigo by’amadini).

Kugirana imigenderanire myiza mu rwego rw’akazi n’abayobozi


b’inzego z’ibanze nk’umukuru w’umudugudu bizagufasha gushyi-
kirana neza n’abaturage.

Gasore arimo gusobanurira abaturage serivisi atanga


z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko.

2 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 2
Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura

Nyuma y’iki cyiciro, uraba wumvise


neza:
1. Aho gukangura abaturage
no kubahugura
bitandukaniye;
2. Uburyo bwo guhugura ba
nyir’ubwite bagiramo uruhare.

Kujijura Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko, ugomba guharanira kujijura


abaturage abaturage ubinyujjije mu bikorwa byo kubakangura cyangwa
no kubahugura. Ibyo bisaba:
• Kubagira inama cyangwa kubaha amakuru ku kibazo
runaka cyihariye;
• Kongerera abaturage ubushobozi ubaha icyizere cyo
gusobanukirwa n’amategeko no kubafasha kumva
ko ari bo bagomba gufata iya mbere mu guharanira
uburenganzira bwabo; no
• Kubwira abaturage baje mu nama gusangira amakuru
n’abatayijemo.

Gutandukanya Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura


gukangura bitandukaniye he?
abaturage no
kubahugura Gukangura abaturage Guhugura abaturage
Igikorwa Kwigisha cyangwa gutanga Guhugura abantu ku
amakuru ku ngingo yihariye isomo ryihariye
Abaturage muri rusange/itsinda Itsinda ryihariye
Abo ryihariye/amatsinda yihariye/
bireba umuntu/abantu ubwabo
Gishobora kubera mu nama Akenshi akorerwa
Aho
igikorwa zatumijwe ku mugaragaro/ mu matsinda (mu
inama zitateguwe/ibiganiro mu mahugurwa)
kibera matsinda

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Icyiciro cya 2 Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura

Gasore arimo gusubiza ibibazo no kumva ibitekerezo by’abaturage.

Uko gukangura Isomo ryo gukangura abaturage ritegurwa rite?


abaturage bikorwa
Kugira ngo isomo ribe ryiza cyane kandi n’ingaruka nziza zaryo
zibe nyinshi, umufasha mu by’amategeko agomba gukurikiza
intambwe zikurikira:

Gutegura:
1. Kugena intego y’isomo / z’isomo;
2. Guhitamo no gushyira ku rutonde abaturage wifuza
gukangurira igikorwa runaka ukurikije intego wihaye;
3. Kubimenyesha abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze;
4. Guhitamo no kugena ahantu, itariki na gahunda y’igikorwa
cyo gukangura abaturage;
5. Kumenyekanisha igikorwa no gutumira abantu ku giti cyabo
cyangwa amatsinda kuzitabira icyo gikorwa;
6. Gutegura ubutumwa bwihariye n’ururimi ruzakoreshwa
hakurikijwe abantu batumiwe.

Reba mu mugereka wa mbere icyitegererezo cy’urupapuro rwo


guteguriraho isomo rigamije gukangura abaturage.

Isomo ryo gukangura abaturage: Tegura kandi utange


isomo ryawe ku buryo bukurikira:
1. Ibwire abaturage uwo uri we nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko
kandi unababwire umuryango ukorana na wo;
2. Bwira abaturage insanganyamatsiko uza kubagezaho hanyuma
mukayunguranaho ibitekerezo;

4 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 2 Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura

3. Babwire intego y’inama cyangwa z’inama;


4. Bwira abaturage ingingo z’ingenzi;
5. Teganya igihe gihagije abaturage baribubazemo ibibazo
banatange ibitekerezo;
Ugomba gusubiza ibibazo byose utarimanganya kandi udaca
ku ruhande.
6. Saba abaturage gusubiramo muri make ibyo bakanguriwe mu
nama.

Raporo n’Ikurikiranabikorwa:
1. Menyesha umuryango mukorana ibyo inama yagezeho;
2. Kurikirana ibikorwa byose byumvikanyweho n’abaturage
bitabiriye inama kandi uhe raporo umuryango ukorana na wo.

Ushobora kwifashisha inama rusange y’abaturage


yatumiwe n’ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze kugira ngo
wigishe abaturage cyangwa ubahe amakuru mu gihe gito
ku kibazo cyihariye kerekeranye n’amategeko. Ushobora
no gusaba ijambo mu nama zateguwe n’abanyamadini,
amashuri, amashyirahamwe, n’ibindi. Ariko iyo mikorere
isaba kugira imikoranire myiza n’abayobozi cyangwa
imiryango bireba kandi bakabanza kubikwemerera
mbere y’uko biba.

Isomo ry’amahugurwa ritegurwa rite? Uburyo bwo


gutegura
Gutegura: amahugurwa
1. Kumenya no guhitamo ikibazo/ibibazo bizaganirwaho bitewe
n’ibyo abaturage bakeneye n’ibyo bashyira imbere. Ntufate
ibibazo byinshi kuko bishobora gutera abaturage urujijo;
2. Ugereranye igihe isomo ry’amahugurwa rizamara;
3. Menya itsinda wahisemo (urugero: abantu batazi gusoma,
kwandika no kubara n’ababizi, intambwe y’ibanze mu kumva
ikibazo cyihariye) unagereranye umubare w’abahugurwa;

Ugomba kugerageza guhora ufite umubare ukwiye
w’abahugurwa kuri buri somo;

4. Kumenyesha amahugurwa abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze;


5. Kureba ahantu haboneye amahugurwa azabera n’ibikoresho
bihari:

Bibaye ngombwa, wasaba inkunga y’ibikoresho umu-
ryango ukorana na wo;

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 5
Icyiciro cya 2 Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura

6. Kugena ururimi ruzakoreshwa ukurikije abantu bagize


itsinda rizahugurwa;
7. Gutegura neza insanganyamatsiko kugira ngo ushobore
kuyisobanurira abahugurwa. Niba ari insanganyamatsiko
igoranye cyangwa amategeko mashya, saba inkunga
umuryango ukorana nawo hakiri kare;
8. Hitamo uburyo bw’imyigishirize uzakoresha buha abahugurwa
umwanya wo kugira uruhare mu byo bahugurwamo (reba
ibikurikira).

Isomo ry’amahugurwa:
1. Kora ku buryo ugera aho amahugurwa abera hakiri kare
kugira ngo ugenzure niba ibintu byose byateganyijwe bihari;
2. Isomo ryawe ritegure kandi uritange mu byiciro bikurikira:
a. Ibwire abaturage uwo uri we nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko
kandi unababwire umuryango ukorana na wo;
b. Shyiraho amategeko abahugurwa bagomba gukurikiza
kugira ngo hatagira ikibarangaza ntibakurikire isomo;
c. Menya ibyo abahugurwa bategereje n’impungenge zabo;
d. Sobanura insanganyamatsiko igiye kuganirwaho;
e. Garagaza intego y’isomo;
f. Shingira ku bibazo abaturage bafite muri iki gihe, ubihuze
n’insangamatsiko irimo kuganirwaho;
g. Koresha uburyo bw’imyigirishirize ba nyir’ubwite bagi-
ramo uruhare (reba ibikurikira), uhitamo ubwo buryo
ushingiye ku nsanganyamatsiko y’isomo, abagize itsinda
wahisemo guhugura n’uko igihe ufite kingana;
h. Teganya igihe gihagije abaturage baribubazemo ibibazo
banatange ibitekerezo. Ugomba gusubiza ibibazo byose
nta kurimanganya kandi nta guca ku ruhande.
Niba hari ikibazo udashoboye gusubiza, bwira
abahugurwa ko uzajya gusobanuza mu muryango
mukorana hanyuma ukagaruka ubazaniye igisubizo.
Ugomba gukora ku buryo ibyo bishoboka: wirinde
gusezeranya abahugurwa ibyo utazashobora gukora.

Isuzumabikorwa, Raporo n’Ikurikiranabikorwa:


1. Ha abahugurwa urupapuro rwo kwandikaho imyirondoro yabo
kugira ngo uzashobore kumenya aho ubasanga mu gihe kiri
imbere mu rwego rw’ikurikiranabikorwa (urugero: gusuzuma
uburyo abahugurwa bumvise isomo bize; uko bakoresha
ubwenge bungutse mu mirimo yabo ya buri munsi);

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Icyiciro cya 2 Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura

2. Gutegura uburyo bw’isuzumabikorwa (reba icyitegererezo


gikurikira cy’urupapuro rw’isuzumabikorwa) kugira ngo aba-
hugurwa bakugezeho ibitekerezo byabo ku mahugurwa haba
buri munsi cyangwa ku munsi wo gusoza amahugurwa.

Uwabahuguye Icyigwa Uburyo bwakoreshejwe Ibindi


yasobanuye mwahawe cyari mu mahugurwa bitekerezo
ate isomo kiberanye n’ibyo bwabahaga umwanya rusange
rye?* mukora?* wo kuyagiramo
uruhare? *

Neza/yego

Biringaniye

Nabi/oya
* Shyira √ ahakwiye.

Ushobora gukoresha uburyo bw’isuzumabikorwa buda-


henze cyangwa budasaba amafaranga, nko kwandika ibi-
tekerezo by’abahugurwa ku isuzumabikorwa ku gipapuro
kinini, gukoresha uburyo bwo gushyira urutoki hejuru,
gushyira utubuye mu dutebo dutandukanye, n’ibindi.
3. Guha raporo umuryango mukorana: kuvuga ibiganiro byabaye
n’umusaruro igikorwa cyatanze. Kuvuga igikorwa, niba
hari igihari, uzakora n’inkunga iyo ari yo yose utegereje ku
muryango mukorana (nko ku byerekeye ikurikiranabikorwa).
Reba mu mugereka wa 3 icyitegererezo cy’uburyo bworoshye bwo
gukora raporo y’isomo ry’amahugurwa.
4. Gukurikirana ibikorwa byumvikanyweho, niba hari ibiriho,
no gukorera raporo umuryango mukorana.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo guhugura abakuze kandi Uburyo bwo gutuma


bubaha umwanya wo kubigiramo uruhare abahugurwa bagira
uruhare
wakoresha mu kubahugura?
Amatsinda mato Amatsinda mato
Itsinda rito ni iryo abantu babiri cyangwa batatu bahuriramo bajya
impaka ku ngingo runaka mu minota itanu kugeza ku 10 gusa.

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Icyiciro cya 2 Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura

Nyuma, umwe muri bo abwira abandi mu ijwi riranguruye ibyo


impaka zabo zagezeho.

Nk’umuhuza, ugomba:
• Guhitamo ingingo iganirwaho;
• Gufasha abahugurwa bose gukora amatsinda mato;
• Kugena no gucunga igihe impaka zimara;
• Teganya igihe gihagije kugira ngo buri tsinda rigeze ku
bandi ibyo ryagezeho mu biganiro byaryo; no
• Kugaragaza ingingo z’ingenzi ushingiye ku biganiro
byabaye.

Impaka cyangwa Impaka cyangwa isukiranyabitekerezo “brainstorming”


isukiranyabitekerezo Impaka ni igihe abahugurwa bungurana ibitekerezo bayobowe
“brainstorming” nawe nk’umuhuza cyangwa n’umwe mu bahugurwa ubishaka,
ku kibazo cyihariye watekerejeho mbere y’igihe. Impaka
zigamije gutuma abahugurwa batanga ibitekerezo byinshi
binyuranye.

Abahugurwa bashobora no kujya impaka mu matsinda manini


cyangwa mato bakungurana ibitekerezo binyuranye hagati yabo.

Nk’umuhuza ugomba:
• gukora ku buryo impaka zidatandukira ahubwo zikibanda
ku kibazo cyagaragajwe;
• guteganya igihe gihagije kugira ngo buri tsinda rigeze ku
bandi ibyo ryagezeho mu biganiro byaryo; no
• kuvuga mu magambo avunaguye ingingo zitandukanye
zaganiriweho no kuvana amasomo mu mpaka zagiwe.

Udukino Udukino tunyuranye


Udukino ni udukuru cyangwa udukinamico tugufi ku nsanganya-
matsiko yatoranyijwe. Abahugurwa bemera gukina imyanya runaka
hakurikijwe iyo nsanganyamatsiko. Abahugurwa bagomba guhabwa
uburenganzira bwo guhitamo imyanya bakina babyiyumvikaniyeho.
Si ngombwa ko abahugurwa bose bajya mu mukino.

Nk’umuhuza ugomba:
• guha abakinnyi igihe gikwiye bagakina umukino wabo;
• guha umwanya abahugurwa bakavuga ibyo babonye n’ibyo
umukino wabigishije; no
• kuvuga mu magambo avunaguye ingingo umukino
n’impaka byagaragaje.

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Icyiciro cya 2 Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura

Abafasha mu by’amategeko bakina agakino:


kubaza umugenerwabikorwa.

Gukorera mu matsinda Gukorera mu


Abahugurwa bigabanyamo amatsinda mato mato. Umubare matsinda
w’abantu bagize buri tsinda uterwa n’umubare w’abahugurwa
bose n’uko igihe cyo gukorera mu matsinda kingana.

Nk’umuhuza, uha buri tsinda umukoro wihariye abarigize


bakorera hamwe. Uwo mukoro ushobora kuba umwe cyangwa
utandukanye ku matsinda bitewe n’insanganyamatsiko, intego
isomo rigamije kugeraho n’uko igihe cyagenewe uwo mukoro
kingana.

Buri tsinda rigomba:


• Kwitoramo umwanditsi (muri icyo gihe cyo gukorera mu
matsinda) n’urihagararira (mu gihe cy’inteko rusange);
• Kumva neza umwitozo ryahawe;
• Kwandika ibyavuye mu mpaka zaryo ku gipapuro kinini
cyangwa mu ikayi y’umwanditsi; no
• Kugeza ku bandi ibyo ryagezeho mu nteko rusange
rikoresheje urihagarariye.

Nk’umuhuza ugomba:
• Kugenera buri tsinda igihe gihagije cyo gukora umukoro
no kugeza ku bandi ibyo ryagezeho;
• Gukurikirana ibitekerezo by’abahugurwa kuri buri mukoro,
kuvuga mu magambo avunaguye ingingo z’ingenzi zavuye
mu matsinda yose; no
• Guhuza izo ngingo z’ingenzi n’intego y’ibanze y’isomo.

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Icyiciro cya 2 Gukangura abaturage no kubahugura

Abafasha mu by’Amategeko bandika ku gipapuro kinini ibyo


impaka zabo zagezeho ubwo bakoreraga mu itsinda.

Ingero Ingero
Ingero ni ibitekerezo cyangwa ibintu byabayeho koko mu buzima
busanzwe byifashishwa mu mpaka zigibwa mu kugaragaza no
gusesengura imyitwarire n’imyifatire.

Nk’umuhuza ugomba:
• Gukora ku buryo urugero rutanzwe rwumvikana kandi
rukagira aho ruhuriye n’insanganyamatsiko iganirwaho;
• Kugena ibibazo abahugurwa bari bukoreshe bajya impaka
ku rugero rwatanzwe;
• Kuganira n’abahugurwa bose ku bisubizo bitandukanye
byatanzwe; no
• Kuvuga mu magambo avunaguye amasomo yavuye mu
mpaka zagiwe.

!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Iyo urugero rwatanzwe ari ibintu byabayeho
koko, amazina y’abantu n’ahantu byabereye
bigomba guhindurwa mu rwego rwo kwirinda
kuvogera ubuzima bwite bw’abo bantu.

Niba ukoresha amashusho (sinema) mu gutanga urugero,


ugomba:
• Kubanza kureba no kumva ubutumwa bwose buri muri
ayo mashusho mbere yo kuyereka abahugurwa;
• Gukora ku buryo igihe ayo mashusho yerekanirwa
n’uko areshya bigira umwanya wabyo muri gahunda
y’amahugurwa; no
• Mu gihe cyo kujya impaka, gusobanura neza, niba
ari ngombwa, ibitekerezo byose bibi biturutse kuri ayo
mashusho.

10 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 3
Kwakira abagenerwabikorwa

Nyuma y’icyi cyiciro, uzaba wumvise neza:


1. Amategeko atanu
y’ingenzi y’umufasha mu
by’amategeko igihe akorana
n’abagenerwabikoirwa;
2. Uburyo n’ahantu
abagenerwabikorwa
bakirirwa.

Intambwe Wagenzura iki mbere yo kwakira


z’imyiteguro
abagenerwabikorwa?
• Abagenerwabikorwa baba bazi aho bakirirwa, serivisi
zihatangirwa, umunsi n’amasaha bakirirwaho (Reba
Icyiciro cya mbere – Ubukangurambaga bw’abaturage)?
• Haba hateganyijwe aho abagenerwabikorwa bashobora
kwicara igihe bategereje?
• Ushobora kuganira n’umugenerwabikora muri mwenyine
nta wubumva?

Abandi bagenerwabikorwa ndetse n’abandi bantu


bari hafi aho ntibakwiye kuba bashobora kumva ibyo
muganira cyangwa gutuma umugenerwabikorwa
yumva atisanzuye bihagije;

• Ufite ibikoresho byo kwandikisha no kwandikaho?


• Ufite ahantu wizeye ushobora kubika amadosiye uhabwa
n’abagenerwabikorwa?

Imbumbanyigisho
11 y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 11
Icyiciro cya 3 Kwakira abagenerwabikorwa

Amategeko Amategeko y’ingenzi:


y’ingenzi Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko, ni ngombwa:
y’Umufasha mu o Kugira ikinyabupfura;
by’Amategeko o Gukora neza nk’umunyamwuga;
o Gukora ku buryo umugenerwabikorwa yumva atekanye kandi nta kimu-
hungabanya;
o Kwita ku marangamutima y’umugenerwabikorwa no kumugaragariza ko
witaye ku byo akeneye;
o Kugira ibanga.

Ibanga Ibanga:
Kugira ibanga ni kimwe mu bikorwa by’ingenzi mu murimo wawe nk’umufasha
mu by’amategeko. Ugomba gukora ku buryo ugirira ibanga ikintu cyose
uwakugannye akubwiye. Uwakugannye agomba kumva agufitiye icyizere kandi
ko amakuru akubwiye cyangwa inyandiko agusigiye ubigira ibanga rikomeye.
Ni ukuvuga ko:
o Utagomba kugira uwo uhishurira ayo makuru, yaba undi muryango
cyangwa ikindi kigo, inshuti zawe cyangwa umuryango wawe, n’ibindi;
o Ugomba gukora ku buryo amakuru wahawe atamenywa n’undi muntu ku
buryo busa nk’impanuka – kubera ko hari undi umuntu wabashije kugera
ku madosiye yawe cyangwa kubera ko amadosiye yawe abitswe ahantu
hatizewe bihagije;
o Abantu ushobora gusa kugezaho amakuru nk’ayo ni abanyamategeko
cyangwa abantu babiherewe uburenganzira bw’umwihariko n’umuryango
ukorana na wo;
o Wagombye gusobanurira aya mahame yose umugenerwabikorwa waje
akugana

Aho kwakirira Ni hehe abagenerwabikorwa bakwiye


abagana umufasha
mu by’amategeko
kwakirirwa?
Ushobora kwakirira abagenerwabikorwa ahantu hata-
ndukanye. Aho haba ari ho hose ariko, abagenerwa-
bikorwa bagomba kumva ari ahantu bisanga: abantu
benshi bashobora kuba batazi cyangwa batinya amate-
geko n’ibijyanye na yo maze ibyo bigatuma bumva batari
hamwe, batameze neza, batiyizeye cyangwa ndetse
bagaterwa ubwoba n’ikibazo bafite.

Hari ubwoko butatu bw’ahantu umufasha mu by’amategeko


ashobora kwakirira abagenerwabikorwa bamugana:

1. Ibiro byagenwe cyangwa ikigo cy’ubufasha mu by’amategeko


Aho ni ahantu hagenewe by’umwihariko gukorerwa umuri-
mo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko. Ufite uburyo bwinshi
bwo gutegura aho hantu kugira ngo haberane neza n’ibyo
abagenerwabikorwa bakeneye. Muri ubwo buryo harimo:
• Icyapa kigaragaza ubwoko bwa serivisi utanga;

12 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 3 Kwakira abagenerwabikorwa

• Icyapa kigaragaza iminsi n’amasaha serivisi zitangirwaho;


• Umuntu ushinzwe kwakira abagenerwabikorwa no kuba-
sobanurira uko bigenda mu gihe bagitegereje kubonana
n’umufasha mu by’amategeko;
• Ahantu ho gutegerereza hatwikiriye cyangwa harinzwe
izuba, imvura n’umuyaga;
• Ahakirirwa abashyitsi hagomba kuba hari intebe zihagije
ndetse byanashoboka hakaba n’amazi meza yo kunywa;
• Ibintu byo gusoma nk’udutabo cyangwa impapuro
zanditse, ibinyamakuru, raporo z’umuryango umufasha
mu by’amategeko akorana na wo. Ahakirirwa abashyitsi
hashobora no kumanikwa amashusho yerekana ibijyanye
n’uburenganzira bwa muntu cyangwa kugera ku butabera;
• Uburyo bwo kwandika abashyitsi butuma uwaje mbere
ari we wakirwa mbere. Ushobora no gushyiraho uburyo
bwo guha abagenerwabikorwa gahunda izwi kugira ngo
badategereza igihe kirekire cyangwa, bwaba ari ubwa kabiri
umugenerwabikorwa aje, akakirwa n’uwamwakiriye ubushize.
2. Ahantu hakodeshejwe n’umuryango mukorana
Aho hantu hashobora kuba hatijwe n’umuryango cyangwa ikigo,
ni ukuvuga ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze, idini, umu-ryango
utagengwa na Leta, n’ibindi. Iyo ari uko bimeze, kubera ko
aho hantu hagomba gukoreshwa igihe gito, ingingo zikurikira,
ziyongera ku zavuzwe haruguru, zigomba kwitabwaho:
• Kora ku buryo izina ry’umuryango mukorana rishyirwa
ahantu hagaragara neza hafi y’aho ukorera, urugero:
kumanika iryo zina ku rugi, ku rukuta, n’ahandi hafi.
Abagenerwabikorwa bakeneye kumenya neza ko uda-
hagarariye ikigo cyangwa umuryango wabatije aho
mukorera;
• Ganira n’ikigo cyangwa umuryango wagutije aho ukorera
ku kuntu wategura aho ahantu ku buryo bujyanye n’ibyo
abagenerwabikorwa bifuza; no
• Kumvikana ku minsi n’amasaha uzajya wakiriraho abage-
nerwabikorwa bawe ntawe ukurogoye.
3. Ahantu habonetse hose
Hari igihe usanga ugomba kubonanira n’umugenerwabikorwa
wawe ahantu rusange, iruhande rw’umuhanda cyangwa mu
nzu y’umuntu runaka kubera ko umugenerwabikorwa yaje
kukureba agutunguye atabanje kuvunyisha cyangwa nta hantu
hihariye hagenwe.

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Icyiciro cya 3 Kwakira abagenerwabikorwa

Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko, ugomba buri gihe guhora


witeguye gufasha no kugerageza korohereza no kubahiriza
umugenerwabikorwa ku buryo bushoboka bwose nubwo
hari byinshi bikuzitira. Ni ukuvuga ko ugomba:
• Gushaka ahantu hihariye, kure y’abahisi n’abagenzi,
hagufasha kugira ibanga kandi ku buryo hatagira
ukurogoya;
• Kumenyesha abagenerwabikorwa umuryango mukorana
– mu magambo cyangwa ukoresheje inyandiko: agatabo,
ibiranga uwo muryango, impapuro z’ufashwa mu
by’amategeko ziriho ikirango cy’umuryango mukorana;
• Gukora ku buryo inyandiko zose uhawe n’umuge-
nerwabikorwa cyangwa impapuro z’Abafashwa mu
by’Amategeko zuzujwe zibikwa neza kandi ahantu
hizewe umutekano.

Abanyeshuri bo muri Kaminuza bakirira abagenerwabikorwa munsi y’igiti.

14 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 4
Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa

Nyuma y’iki cyiciro, uraba


wumvise neza:
1. Intambwe eshanu
z’igikorwa cyo kubaza;
2. Ubumenyingiro bwo kumva
no kuganira.

Kubaza ni iki? Kubaza (gukoresha ‘Interview’) ni ikiganiro kigamije kugufasha,


nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko, gukusanya amakuru ahagije
ku bibazo abagenerwabikorwa bafite no kubyumva neza. Iyi ni
intambwe y’ingenzi kandi y’ibanze mbere yo kugira inama no
gufasha umugenerwabikorwa.

Itegurwa ryo Kubaza: uburyo bugizwe n’intambwe eshanu


kubaza
INTAMBWE YA MBERE – Itegurwa
• Kwitegura wowe ubwawe mu mutima;
• Gukora ku buryo ugira igihe gihagije cyo kubaza;
• Guhitamo no gutegura ahantu haboneye uzabariza (reba
Icyiciro cya 3 – Kwakira abagenberwabikorwa);
• Gutegura ibikoresho bijyanye no kubaza, nk’Urupapuro
rw’Ufashwa mu by’Amategeko, ikaramu, impapuro,
dosiye, n’ibindi; kandi
• Iyo ari ukubaza by’ikurikiranabikorwa:
 Reba ko wakoze ibyo wari wiyemeje gukora;
 Genzura ko ufite inyandiko zose wari warahawe mbere
n’umugenerwabikorwa;
 Itegure kungurana ibitekerezo n’umugenerwabikorwa
ku byavuye mu bushakashatsi wakoze kimwe n’ibiko-
rwa byakozwe; no

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 15
Icyiciro cya 4 Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa

 Kuganira n’umugenerwabikorwa ku bishobora


gukorwa byose.

Guhura INTAMBWE YA 2 – Guhura n’umugenerwabikorwa


n’umugenerwabikorwa
• Suhuzanya umugenerwabikorwa ikinyabupfura kandi ku
buryo bumuha ikaze;
• Ereka umugenerwabikorwa aho yicara agatuza. Umuge-
nerwabikorwa yaba yumva atekanye, afashwe neza kandi
yisanga?

Ku mugenerwabikorwa w’igitsina gore, mubaze niba yahitamo kuganira
n’umufasha mu by’amategeko w’igitsina gore.

• Ibwire umugenerwabikorwa. Umusobanurira akamaro


kawe nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko na serivisi ushobora
gutanga n’izo udashobora gutanga;

Igihe hakenewe
ubufasha mu rwego
!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Ushobora gusanga umugenerwabikorwa
akeneye gufashwa mu byerekeye ubume-
rw’ubumenyamuntu nyamuntu mbere y’uko usuzuma ikibazo
cye mu rwego rw’amategeko.
Niba ari ko bimeze, ugomba:
- Gufasha umugenerwabikorwa gutuza no
gushyira umutima hamwe;
- Gusobanurira umugenerwabikorwa ko
akeneye mbere na mbere kubonana n’umu-
jyanama wahuguriwe iby’ubumenyamuntu
kugira ngo amufashe kandi amutere
inkunga muri urwo rwego;
- Kumugira inama yo kuzagaruka kukureba
cyangwa kureba umuryango ukorana na
wo, kugira ngo umuhe serivisi z’ubufasha
mu by’amategeko ukurikije ikibazo afite;
- Noneho, mwoherereze umujyanama wabi-
huguriwe.
Ntushobora gutanga mwene buriya bujyana-
ma, keretse warabuhuguriwe by’umwihariko.

• Baza umugenerwabikorwa uko yamenye ko utanga serivisi


z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko;
• Sobanura uko kubaza biribukorwe, ni ukuvuga ko uribujye
wandika mu gihe umubaza ibibazo, umubaza ibibazo
bitaziguye no kandi wwuzuza Urupapuro rw’Ufashwa mu
by’Amategeko (Reba Umugereka wa 4);
• Humuriza umugenerwabikorwa ko amakuru yose atanga
azagirirwa ibanga (reba amategeko yerekeye ibanga mu
Cyiciro cya 3 – Kwakira abagenerwabikorwa);

16 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 4 Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa

• Genzura ko umugenerwabikorwa yumvise neza uburyo


bukoreshwa kandi akaba yemera gukomeza kubazwa.

INTAMBWE YA 3 – Kubaza Kubaza


• Genzura ibiranga umugenerwabikorwa: amazina, aho
abarizwa, n’ibindi maze wandike ibisubizo ku Rupapuro
rw’Ufashwa mu by’amategeko;
• Bwira umugenerwabikorwa asobanure ikibazo mu
magambo avunaguye. Aha ni ngombwa kwirinda kumuca
mu ijambo keretse iyo usobanuza ingingo y’ingenzi;
• Baza ibibazo ‘bifunguye’ bitanga uburyo bwo kumenya
neza ikibazo umugenerwabikorwa afite no kureba ingingo
z’amategeko icyo kibazo gifitanye isano na zo;

!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Ushobora gusanga, aho ibintu bigeze, ikibazo
ugejejweho atari icyo wowe nk’umufasha
Kureba niba
ari ikibazo
mu by’amategeko ushobora gusuzuma. Ibyo cyo mu rwego
bishobora guterwa n’uko umugenerwabikorwa rw’amategeko
adafite ikibazo cyo mu rwego rw’amategeko
(gishobora kuba ari icyo mu rwego rw’imiba-
nire n’abandi bantu, ubumenyamuntu cyangwa
ari icyo mu rwego rw’ubukungu).
Iyo bimeze bityo, ushobora kugira umugene-
rwabikorwa inama yo kujya kureba umujya-
nama ubifitiye ubushobozi cyangwa umu-
ryango ufite ubumenyi bwihariye muri urwo
rwego, hanyuma ukamwoherereza uwo
mujyanama cyangwa uwo muryango. Kora ku
buryo umugenerwabikorwa yumva impamvu
umwohereje aho.

• Komeza ubaza ibibazo byihariye bigufasha gusobanukirwa


neza n’ikibazo. Kora ku buryo usobanukirwa ikibazo
umugenerwabikorwa arimo kukugezaho, ko ibyo akubwira
bitavuguruzanya cyangwa ko hari ibibura mu makuru
yaguhaye;
Mu mutwe wawe, reba igikorwa wakora cyangwa ikurikira-
nabikorwa rigomba gukorerwa ikibazo wagejejweho.
Ibyo bizaterwa n’ingingo zihariye z’icyo kibazo ndetse
n’ubushishozi bwawe nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko. Hari
uburyo bwinshi bushoboka:
 Amakuru yoroshye wowe nk’umufasha mu by’ama-
tegeko ushobora gutanga, urugero umugenerwa-
bikorwa akeneye kumenya aho ashobora kujya
kwandikisha umwana umaze kuvuka;

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Icyiciro cya 4 Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa

 Kuyobora, kohereza ahandi, gutanga inama mu by’ama-


tegeko, ubwunzi, guherekeza, gutegura amabaruwa
cyangwa imyanzuro, gukurikirana
ibikorwa, n’ibindi (Reba Ibyiciro 5-8
by’iyi mbumbanyigisho);
• Nyuma y’ibimaze kuvugwa,
sobanurira umugenerwabikorwa
uburyo butandukanye bushobora
gukoreshwa ku birebana n’ikibazo
cye. Ni ngombwa ko umugenerwa-
bikorwa afata icyemezo cya nyuma
ku bwoko bw’igikorwa kigomba
gukorwa;

Inshingano z’umufasha
• Ha umugenerwabikorwa amakuru
mu by’amategeko: ajyanye n’ikibazo afite bitewe n’imi-
ibikorwa bitandukanye terere y’ikibazo ndetse n’ubwoko
bishoboka bitewe
n’imiterere y’ikibazo.
bw’igikorwa yahisemo kigomba
gukorwa.
Gusoza igikorwa INTAMBWE YA 4 – Gusoza
cyo kubaza • Umvikana n’umugenerwabikorwa ku ntambwe zikuri-
kiraho. Reba amakuru y’inyongera umugenerwabikorwa
akeneye gutanga n’icyo wowe nk’umufasha mu by’ama-
tegeko ugomba gukora (niba ari ngombwa);
• Niba ari ngombwa umvikana n’umugenerwabikorwa
ku byerekeye kuzongera kumubaza mu rwego rw’iku-
rikiranabikorwa;
• Shimira umugenerwabikorwa kuba yaje kukureba; kandi
• Wereke umugenerwabikorwa inzira ijya hanze.

Kuzuza inyandiko INTAMBWE YA 5 – Kuzuza inyandiko


za ngombwa • Rangiza kwandika ku Rupapuro rw’Ufashwa mu by’Amate-
nyuma yo kubaza geko unashyiremo uko ubona ibintu, hanyuma ushyireho
itariki n’umukono;
• Andika intambwe zizakurikiraho zigomba guterwa, uzazi-
tera n’igihe zizatererwa; kandi
• Ubike Urupapuro rw’Ufashwa mu by’Amategeko ahantu
wizeye bitewe n’uburyo bw’ishyinguranyandiko umuryango
ukorana na wo ukoresha.

Ubumenyingiro Ubumenyingiro bwo kubaza


bukenewe
Ugomba kwiyubakamo ubumenyingiro bukurikira bugufasha
kubaza neza:

18 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 4 Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa

1. Gutega amatwi Ubushobozi bwo


gutega amatwi
• Reba niba uburyo ukoresha umubiri wawe butuma
umugenerwabikorwa yumva yisanga kandi akabona
ko umuteze amatwi, wumva ibyo akubwira;
• Ha umugenerwabikorwa igihe gihagije kandi umushyire
ahantu hatuje kugira ngo avuge;
• Irinde guca umugenerwabikorwa mu ijambo igihe cyose
arimo kuvuga, keretse iyo usobanuza ingingo y’ingenzi;
• Koresha amagambo atabogamye – ‘yego’, ‘hmm’,
‘Ndabyumva’ – kugira ngo werekane ko ukurikira ibyo
umugenerwabikorwa akubwira kandi ubyitayeho;
• Baza ibibazo biboneye by’ikurikiranabikorwa nyuma yo
gusobanurirwa ikibazo;
• Kora ku buryo ibyo uvuga bitaba nko guca imanza, nko
kwerekana ko bikubabaje, n’ibindi.

Witondere ibishobora kukurangaza bigatuma udakuri-


kira neza bikanatuma umugenerwabikorwa ateshukwa,
nk’umuziki wumvikana hafi aho, n’ibindi.

 Gutega amatwi ni uguceceka kandi ukaba witaye ku byo ubwirwa.

Tekiniki zimwe na zimwe zo kubaza ibibazo: Tekiniki zo kubaza


ibibazo
• Koresha ijwi rigaragaza ko ibyo murimo bigushishikaje,
bikureba ndetse rikanagaragaza ubucuti;
• Baza ikibazo kimwe kimwe kandi utegereze igisubizo
mbere yo k ubaza ikindi kibazo;
• Kora ku buryo ibibazo ubaza bikurikirana neza;
• Iyo umugenerwabikorwa atumvise neza ikibazo umubajije,
urongera ukagisubiramo cyangwa ukakibaza mu yandi
magambo;
• Baza ibibazo bifunguye kugira ngo utange uburyo bwo
gucukumbura ikibazo ufatanyije n’umugenerwabikorwa;
kandi
• Ukomeze gushaka uko wasobanukirwa neza n’ibyo umuge-
nerwabikorwa akubwira wifashishije ibyo yavuze cyangwa
ubikorera incamake, ndetse unabimusubiriramo.

 Ibibazo bifunguye cyangwa bifunze ni bwoko ki?


Ibibazo bifunguye ni nk’ibi bikurikira: ‘Habaye iki, cyakozwe na nde, cyakorewe
he, cyakozwe ryari, cyakozwe gite? – ibibazo bituma hatangwa cyangwa
hasobanurwa ibisubizo byinshi bitandukanye.

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Icyiciro cya 4 Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa

Urugero:
 Isambu wayibonye ute?
Ibibazo bifunze: Ni ibibazo bisaba igisubizo cya ‘yego’ cyangwa ‘oya’. Ubusanzwe
ni ibibazo bisa n’ibibogamye kandi bisaba igisubizo kimwe gusa.
Icyitonderwa: kubaza bene ibyo bibazo bituma usa naho uha umugene-rwabikorwa
ibitekerezo aho kumuha umwanya wo gusobanura ikibazo cye
nk’uko cyamubayeho. Ariko, ahagana ku musozo w’igikorwa cyo
kubaza, mu rwego rwo gusobanuza neza ibintu byihariye, ushobora
kubaza ibibazo bike bifunze.
Urugero:
 Isambu yawe wayihawe na so?

!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Irinde kubaza ikibazo “kubera iki?”. Byatuma
umugenerwabikorwa yumva ko urimo
kumucira urubanza.

Guhererekanya 2. Guhererekanya ubutumwa


ubutumwa ni iki? Guhererekanya ubutumwa ni uburyo umuntu yohereza
cyangwa atanga ubutumwa akoresheje amagambo, ibimenyetso
cyangwa umubiri we, agamije kubwumvikanisha. Ugomba iteka
kugerageza kumenya ubutumwa wohereza cyangwa utanga
ukoresheje umubiri wawe – bitabaye ibyo ushobora kugira
ingorane zo gutanga, utabishaka, ubutumwa butari bwo.
Menya ko ikintu cyose uvuze cyangwa ukoze ari ubutumwa
ku wundi muntu. Gutanga ubutumwa bwumvikana neza
bituma ubuhawe abwumva neza.

Ibice by’ingenzi mu ihererekanya butumwa:


• Igiremo icyizere – umugenerwabikorwa agomba kumva
ko uzi neza ibyo ukora. Ariko kandi ntugashake kumvisha
umugenerwabikorwa ko uzi ibintu kandi mu by’ukuri
ntabyo uzi;
• Icara cyangwa uhagarare ahantu hatari hafi cyane cyangwa
kure cyane y’umugenerwabikorwa – bityo ntiyumve atewe
icyugazi cyangwa ngo agombe kuvuga aranguruye ijwi
cyane;
• Igihe uvugana n’umugenerwabikorwa mugomba guhuza
amaso;
• Vuga wisanzuye mu rurimi umugenerwabikorwa yumva
kandi avuga;
• Menya ko uburyo bwawe bwite bwo guhererekanya
ubutumwa bugira ingaruka ku bandi. Kora rero ku buryo
udatera umugenerwabikorwa ubwoba;
• Vuga amagambo make ugereranyije n’ayo umugenerwa-
bikorwa avuga; kandi
• Ujye ureka habeho igihe gito cyo guceceka.

20 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 4 Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa

!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Imyambarire yawe nk’umufasha mu by’ama-
tegeko ishobora gutuma umugenerwa-
bikorwa yumva atekanye cyangwa ikamu-
bangamira. Bityo rero, ugomba buri gihe
kwitondera uburyo wambara ukurikije aho
uri n’abo muri kumwe, ukambara ku buryo
bwiyubashye kandi butabangamiye umuco.

Mutoni aravuga amagambo menshi igihe kirekire kandi


atareba mu maso umugenerwabikorwa usa n’uwibereye
ahandi atagikurikirana ibyo Mutoni amubwira.

Gasore aganira n’umugenerwabikorwa, urugero rwiza rwo guhana


amakuru bituma abaganira bumvikana, bisanga, kandi bubahana.

Igihe uganira n’abana ubabaza ibibazo, ugomba buri


gihe kwita ku bibazo bikurikira:
1. Umwana afite imyaka ingahe?
2. Umwana ni umukobwa cyangwa umuhungu?
3. Ururimi avuga neza ni uruhe?
4. Umwana yaje wenyine cyangwa hari uwamuherekeje?

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Icyiciro cya 4 Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa

5. Umwana ni impfubyi? Afite umurera?


6. Umwana yaba yarahahamutse? Niba akeneye kugirwa
inama banza umwohereze ku mujyanama ubifitiye
ubushobozi cyangwa ku muryango ufite uburambe
muri urwo rwego. Nyuma ushobora kubwira
umujyanama cyangwa urera umwana cyangwa
undi wo mu muryango we (reba niba urera umwana
cyangwa uwo bafitanye isano atari umwe mu bateza
ikibazo umwana afite) kwicarana n’umwana mu
gihe cyo kumubaza niba byatuma umwana yigirira
icyizere kurushaho.
• Sobanurira umwana inshingano zawe mu buryo
bworoshye;
• Wirinde gukoresha amagambo aremereye umwana
adashobora kumva;
• Tunganya icyicaro cyawe ku buryo wicara iruhande
rw’umwana. NTUKICARE uteganye n’umwana. Ibyo
byongerera umwana icyizere; kandi
• Kora ku buryo umubiri wawe n’uw’umwana
bidakoranaho. Gukora ku mwana bigomba kubaho
gusa yumva yisanzuye kandi bimwongereye icyizere.

Mutoni
aganira
n’umwana
ku buryo
bumwongerera
icyizere.

Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko, kora imyitozo cyangwa ukine


agakino k’agahimbano ku buryo bwo kubaza neza. Ibyo
bizagufasha guhora wiyongerera ubumenyingiro nk’umufasha
mu by’amategeko.

22 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 5
Kuyobora, Kohereza ahandi no
Guherekeza
Nyuma y’iki cyiciro, uzaba wumvise neza:
1. Aho kuyobora no kohereza ahandi
bitandukaniye;
2. Igihe biba ngombwa
guherekeza
umugenerwabikorwa;
3. Ibigomba kwitabwaho
byihariye igihe cyo kuyobora
umugenerwabikorwa, kumwohereza
ahandi cyangwa kumuherekeza.

Iyo udashoboye guha umugenerwabikorwa serivisi akeneye,


ukwiye kumuyobora ahandi ashobora gushaka ubufasha nko mu
muryango utagengwa na Leta, ku mu Avoka wemewe n’Urugaga
rw’Abavoka cyangwa ku Bunganira abandi mu Nkiko, Abunzi,
mu rukiko, ku muyobozi w’urwego rw’ibanze, kuri polisi, ku
Biro by’Umuvunyi, ku buyobozi bw’umurimo, n’ahandi, cyangwa
ukamwohereza ku wundi muryango uzakurikirana ikibazo cye.

Gutandukanya Kuyobora no kohereza ahandi bitaniye he?


kuyobora no
guherekeza Kuyobora Kohereza ahandi
Kwereka inzira cyangwa Kohereza umugenerwabikorwa ku
kubwira umuntu ahantu muryango wihariye (kandi akenshi
agomba kujya w’inzobere)
Nta gikorwa kindi Kubanza kuvugana n’uwo muryango ku
uyobora asabwa gukora byerekeye ikibazo umugenerwabikorwa
afite
Bikorwa mu magambo Umugenerwabikorwa ahabwa urupapuro
cyangwa ibaruwa imwohereza kuri uwo
muryango watoranyijwe (Reba urupapuro
rw’ufashwa mu by’amategeko rujyanye no
kwimura ikibazo mu Mugereka wa 6)
Byandikwa ku Rupapuro Kopi y’urwo rupapuro cyangwa y’iyo
rw’Ufashwa mu barwa ibikwa mu ishyinguranyandiko
by’Amategeko kugira ngo
bibikwe
Ushobora guherekeza umugenerwabikorwa (reba ibikurikiyeho)

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 23
Icyiciro cya 5 Kuyobora, Kohereza ahandi no Guherekeza

Urugero rwo kuyobora umuntu:


Nkusi yajyanye ikirego mu rukiko rw’ibanze kandi aratsinda. Afite
matolewa n’icyemezo cy’irangizarubanza ariko urundi ruhande
rwanze gukora ibi-teganyijwe mu ikizarubanza.

Mutoni ayobora umugenerwabikorwa


ku wundi muryango utagengwa na Leta.

Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko, ushobora kuyobora Nkusi ku


bahesha b’inkiko bashinzwe kurangiza imanza. Ushobora na none
gusobanurira umugenerwabikorwa ko hari abahesha b’inkiko batabi-
gize umwuga bakorera ku rwego rw’akagari, urw’umurenge n’urw’a-
karere; hakabaho n’abahesha b’inkiko babigize umwuga bikorera.
Sobanurira Nkusi akamaro k’abahesha b’inkiko unamubwire aho
yabasanga n’igihe yagira kubareba.

Gasore arereka umugenerwabikorwa inzira igana ku


muhesha w’inkiko.

N.B: Amazina yarahinduwe ku mpamvu zo kubika ibanga.

24 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 5 Kuyobora, Kohereza ahandi no Guherekeza

Ni ryari ukwiye guherekeza umugenerwabikorwa Igihe


ku muryango cyangwa ikigo watoranyije? umugenerwabikorwa
aherekezwa
(urugero: Abunzi, urukiko, umuyobozi w’urwego rw’ibanze, kuri
polisi, n’ahandi)
• Iyo umugenerwabikorwa ari umuntu ujegajega (urugero:
umwana, umuntu ugeze mu zabukuru, umurwayi,
n’ibindi);
• Iyo umugenerwabikorwa atazi neza uburyo yabona
umuryango cyangwa ikigo agomba kujyaho; cyangwa
• Iyo ikibazo, kubera imiterere yacyo yihariye cyangwa
uburyo kigomba kwitonderwa, kigomba gukurikiranirwa
hafi.

Urugero
Urugero rwo guherekeza
umugenerwabikorwa:
Yozefu afite imyaka 14 y’amavuko. Ubwo ababyeyi be bicwaga
yari afite imyaka 5, yahunganye n’abandi bantu bo mu muryango
we. Mu minsi ishize yagarutse iwabo ari wenyine, asanga hari
abandi bantu baba mu nzu y’ababyeyi be. Ubwo yagiye ku
mudugudu gusaba ko bamufasha gusubirana inzu y’ababyeyi be
ariko bamubwira ko nta bushobozi bafite bwo kumufasha. Aje
kugusaba kumufasha.
Kubera ko Yozefu ari umwana kandi ababyeyi be bakaba
barapfuye, iki ni ikibazo wowe nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko
ushobora gufataho icyemezo cyo guherekeza uwo mwana mu
nama n’abayobozi bireba. Kugira ngo Yozefu afate icyemezo
ku buryo azageza ikibazo cye ku bayobozi kireba, ugomba
kubanza gukusanya amakuru ajyanye n’ikibazo cye. Ugomba
kubanza kumenya abayobozi bireba kugira ngo bateganye inama
uzaherekezamo Yozefu no kumufasha kubona amakuru ya
ngombwa.

N.B: Amazina yarahinduwe ku mpamvu zo kubika ibanga.

Ibintu byihariye ugomba kwitaho mu Ibibazo byihariye


kuyobora, kohereza ahandi, no mu guherekeza mu kuyobora,
kohereza ahandi no
umugenerwabikorwa guherekeza
• Banza umenye neza imiryango/ibigo binyuranye biriho
ndetse na serivisi bitanga;
• Menya niba wahisemo neza umuryango cyangwa ikigo
ushingiye ku ngingo zihariye z’imiterere y’ikibazo;

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 25
Icyiciro cya 5 Kuyobora, Kohereza ahandi no Guherekeza

• Sobanurira umugenerwabikorwa inzira ukurikiza.


Mumenyeshe serivisi zitangwa n’umuryango cyangwa
ikigo wahisemo, uburyo bukoreshwa n’ibibazo
gikurikirana;
• Genzura niba umugenerwabikorwa afite ubushobozi
n’uburyo bwo kugerera ku gihe aho umuryango n’ikigo
byatoranyijwe bikorera.

Ku birebana by’umwihariko no kohereza


umugenerwabikorwa ahandi hantu:
• Baza umugenerwabikorwa niba yemera cyangwa atemera
uburyo bukoreshwa mu kumwohereza ahandi;
• Niba yemera ubwo buryo, andikira, telefona cyangwa sura
umuryango ugiye kohererezwa umugenerwabikorwa.
Mu gihe ibyo birimo gukorwa, garagaza ibyo umugene-
rwabikorwa akeneye byihariye (niba hari ibihari); kandi
• Niba ari ngombwa, tegereza kugeza igihe umuryango
wiyambajwe ukumenyeshereje ko umugenerwabikorwa
azakirwa mbere yo kumwohereza koko. Hagati aho,
menyesha buri gihe umugenerwabikorwa aho igikorwa
cyo kumwohereza mu kindi kigo kigeze.

Ku bibazo byihariye, iyo udafite ubumenyi buhagije mu


by’amategeko cyangwa iyo uhuye n’ikibazo cy’ingorabahizi,
ushobora kohereza umugenerwabikorwa ku muntu
ushinzwe iby’amategeko w’ umuryango mukorana uri
hafi.

By’umwihariko, ku byerekeye guherekeza


umugenerwabikorwa:
• Herekeza umugenerwabikorwa ku buryo umutoza
kwirwanaho kugira ngo ubutaha azashobore gucunga
no gukurikirana ikibazo nk’icyo atagombye kwiyambaza
umufasha mu by’amategeko; kandi
• Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe nk’iyo urugendo rugomba
gukorwa ari rurerure, ushobora gusaba umuryango
mukorana kujya kureba ku buryo butaziguye, mu izina
ry’umugenerwabikorwa, umuryango cyangwa ikigo
wahisemo.

26 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 5 Kuyobora, Kohereza ahandi no Guherekeza

Mutoni aherekeje umugenerwabikorwa


ku Murenge.

Mutoni aherekeje umugenerwabikorwa


kureba undi muryango utagengwa na Leta.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 27
Icyiciro cya 5 Kuyobora, Kohereza ahandi no Guherekeza

28 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 6
Inama mu by’Amategeko &
Gutegura Inyandiko
Nyuma y’iki cyiciro, uraba umaze kumva neza:
1. Icyo inama mu by’amategeko ari
cyo;
2. Ubwoko bw’inyandiko
ushobora gusabwa gutegura;
3. Ugomba gutegura imyanzuro
uwo ari we;
4. Uburyo bwo gutegura imyanzuro.

Inama mu Inama mu by’amategeko ni ugutanga amakuru, gusesengura


by’amategeko ni no gutanga ubufasha ku bibazo byerekeye amategeko ajyanye
iki n’ikibazo umugenerwabikorwa afite. Ushobora guha inama
umuntu ku giti cye muri kumwe cyangwa abantu benshi,
bitewe n’imiterere y’ikibazo cyangwa ari ikibazo kidasanzwe.

Ni ryari umugenerwabikorwa ahura n’ikibazo


cyo mu rwego rw’amategeko?
Ni nk’igihe umuntu ashobora kuba ahuye n’ibintu bikurikira:
• Hari umuntu waciye ku mategeko;
• Hari umuntu wamureze – umuntu urimo kurega
umugenerwabikorwa;
• Iyo itegeko ritubahirijwe;
• Iyo hari impaka ku buryo itegeko rigomba gukurikizwa;
• Iyo itegeko ritumvikana neza cyangwa ari itegeko riteye
ikibazo;
• Iyo hari amategeko avuguruzanya; cyangwa
• Iyo itegeko ritazwi.
Iyo ikibazo cy’umugenerwabikorwa atari ikibazo cyo mu
rwego rw’amategeko, ahubwo ari icy’imibanire y’abantu
n’abandi, icy’ubumenyamuntu cyangwa se icy’ubukene,
reba Icyiciro cya 4 – Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa.

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Icyiciro cya 6 Inama mu by’Amategeko & Gutegura Inyandiko

Urugero
Urugero rw’ikibazo gisaba inama mu
by’amategeko
Yohani, umukuru w’urugo, yashakaga kugurisha imirima
y’umuryango atabyumvikanyeho n’abagize umuryango bose.
Umukobwa we Anyesi, utemeranyaga na se kuri uwo mugambi,
yaje kukugisha inama.

Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko ushobora kubona ko iki ari


ikibazo cyo mu rwego rw’amategeko – kubera ko Yohani azaba
anyuranyije n’amategeko nakomeza umugambi we wo kugurisha
imirima atabyumvikanyeho n’abandi bagize umuryango we.
Kubera iyo mpamvu rero, nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko,
ugomba gusobanurira Anyesi itegeko rijyanye n’icyo kibazo
n’inzira zitandukanye ashobora kunyuramo. Dore inama mu
magambo arambuye ushobora kumuha:

Nyuma yo gusobanurirwa neza ibyabaye no gusesengura


icyo kibazo, ugira Anyesi inama yo gusubira mu rugo maze
agasobanurira se ko kugurisha imirima bigomba kubanza
kumvikanwaho n’abagize umuryango we bose. Ugomba no
kubwira Anyesi ingingo z’itegeko zigomba gukurikizwa muri
urwo rwego, ni ukuvuga Itegeko Ngenga nº 08/2005 ryo kuwa
14/07/2005 rigena imikoreshereze n’imicungire y’ubutaka mu
Rwanda, ingingo ya 35: “Gutanga burundu uburenganzira
ku butaka nko kubugurisha, kubutangaho impano cyangwa
kubugurana bikozwe n’uhagarariye umuryango bigomba
kubanza kwemerwa n’abagize umuryango bose bahuriye kuri
ubwo burenganzira” n’ingingo zikurikiraho. Yohani aramutse
anangiye ngo aragurisha, wabwira Anyesi ko ashobora
kwiyambaza Komite y’Abunzi ifite ubushobozi bwo gusuzuma
“ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kirebana n’ubutaka (…) bufite agaciro
katarengeje milioni eshatu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (…)”,
hakurikijwe ingingo ya 8.1° y’Itegeko Ngenga nº 31/ 2006 ryo
kuwa 14/08/2006.

N.B: Amazina yarahinduwe ku mpamvu yo kugira ibanga.

Ubumenyingiro bukenewe: Kugira ngo ushobore gutanga


inama nziza mu by’amategeko, ugomba:
• Kuba ufite ubumenyi bw’ibanze mu by’amateka n’amategeko
ndetse n’inzira zikurizwa;
• Kuba ushobora kumva no gusesengura ikibazo;

30 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 6 Inama mu by’Amategeko & Gutegura Inyandiko

• Kuba ushoboye gushungura ibibazo ukabonamo ibijyanye


n’amategeko ushingiye ku bintu bifatika washyikirijwe no
kumenya icyo gukora (urugero: mu rwego rw’amategeko/
rw’ubuyobozi).

!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Kora ku buryo umenya neza ibyabaye byose
kandi ko byumvikana mbere yo kugira inama
utanga mu by’amategeko.

Mutoni agira umugenerwabikorwa inama mu by’amategeko


mu biro by’umuryango akorana na wo.

Iyo uhuye n’ibibazo by’ingorabahizi mu by’amategeko, Igihe cyose ari


ushobora gufata icyemezo cyo gusaba inama ushinzwe ngomba, gisha
iby’amategeko w’umuryango ukorana na wo ukuri hafi. inama ushinzwe
Icyo gihe, ubimenyesha umugenerwabikorwa wawe amategeko mu
ukanamubwira ko uzongera kubonana na we mu gihe muryango ukorana
kiri imbere. na wo

Gukora ku buryo utagira inama mu by’amategeko Irinde


impande zihanganye mu kibazo kimwe. kugonganisha
inyungu

Urugero
Kalisa yaje kukureba afite kopi y’urubanza rwaciwe burundu mu
mwaka wa 1989 rwerekeye ikirego cy’amahugu kirebana n’isambu
hanyuma ukemera kugikurikirana. Ku munsi ukurikiyeho, undi
muntu na we uri muri urwo rubanza aje kukureba afite indi
kopi y’urubanza rwaciwe burundu mu mwaka wa 2000. Ubwira
uwo muntu wa kabiri ko wamaze kugezwaho ikibazo n’urundi
ruhande muri urwo rubanza, bityo ukaba udashobora kugira icyo
umumarira.
N.B: Amazina yarahinduwe ku mpamvu yo kugira ibanga.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 31
Icyiciro cya 6 Inama mu by’Amategeko & Gutegura Inyandiko

Gutegura Ni ubuhe bwoko bw’inyandiko ushobora


inyandiko ni iki
gusabwa gutegura?
• Impapuro z’urukiko. Urugero: kuzuza urupapuro
rw’ikirego mu rukiko;
• Amabaruwa yohererezwa abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze
cyangwa ibigo ashobora gushyirwaho ikashe n’ukuriye
umuryango ukorana na wo (Reba urugero rw’ibaruwa
mu Mugereka wa 8); cyangwa
• Imyanzuro yanditse (Reba urugero rw’icyitegererezo
cy’imyanzuro mu Mugereka wa 9).

Ninde wategura Gutegura imyanzuro: bigomba ubushishozi


imyanzuro
Gutegura imyanzuro bisaba ubumenyingiro buhanitse n’ubumenyi
bwinshi mu by’amategeko. Imyanzuro ni inyandiko zo mu rwego
rw’amategeko kandi ikosa iryo ari ryo ryose mu nyandiko nk’iyo
rishobora gutuma umugenerwabikorwa atsindwa: gutegura
imyanzuro bigomba rero gukoranwa ubushishozi bwinshi cyane.

Ubusanzwe, Abavoka, Abunganira abandi mu Nkiko n’aba-


shinzwe iby’amategeko mu miryango inyuranye ni bo bategura
imyanzuro. Ariko, bitewe nuko abo bose baba kure cyane y’abage-
nerwabikorwa no kugira ngo abaturage bashobore kugera ku
butabera ku buryo buhoraho, imyanzuro ishobora no gutegurwa
n’abanyeshuri biga mu Ishami ry’Amategeko cyangwa n’abafasha
mu by’amategeko.

!
Icyo kwitabwaho: - Ushobora gusa gutegura imyanzuro ari
uko wamaze kubihugurirwa;
- Ugomba kandi gukorana, ku buryo bwa
hafi cyane, n’ushinzwe amategeko uzajya
asuzuma imyanzuro wateguye mbere yo
kuyishyikiriza urukiko bireba; kandi
- Ugomba kugira:
• Ubumenyi mu by’amategeko n’amateka
ndetse n’inzira ziteganyijwe zigomba
gukurikizwa;
• Ubushobozi bwo gutegura no kwandika
imyanzuro mu magambo arambuye
kandi mu buryo bwumvikana;
• Ibitabo by’ingenzi mu by’amategeko.

32 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 6 Inama mu by’Amategeko & Gutegura Inyandiko

Intambwe zikurikizwa mu gutegura imyanzuro: Uretse Imyanzuro


intambwe zavuzwe mu Mutwe wa 3 – mu gihe ubaza abage- itegurwa ite
nerwabikorwa, ugomba:
1. Gukora ku buryo umugenerwabikorwa akubwira ibintu byose
bijyanye n’ikibazo cye. Ushobora gusura aho ibyo akubwiye
byabereye kugira ngo usobanukirwe kurushaho imiterere
y’ikibazo;
2. Gushingira ku bintu byabaye koko: gusesengura ikibazo
ukurikije ibyabaye koko ndetse n’amategeko agomba
gukurikizwa mu kibazo nk’icyo, no kugena uburyo ikibazo
gishobora gukurikiranwa neza kurushaho n’igihe ntarengwa
bizafata;
3. Niba usanze ikibazo kidasaba gukorerwa imyanzuro, gira
inama umugenerwabikorwa ku cyo agomba gukora;
4. Tegura imyanzuro mu by’amategeko;
5. Oherereza imyanzuro Umujyanama mu by’Amategeko kugira
ngo ayisuzume;
6. Fata kopi ya nyuma y’imyanzuro ivuye ku Mujyanama
mu by’Amategeko hanyuma uyihe umugenerwabikorwa
ayishyireho umukono;
7. Bwira umugenerwabikorwa ajyane cyangwa yohereze mu
rukiko bireba, imyanzuro yashyizeho umukono;
8. Ha umugenerwabikorwa kopi y’iyo myanzuro kugira ngo
ayibike;
9. Bwira umugenerwabikorwa intambwe zikurikiraho agomba
gukurikiza.

Imyanzuro igomba gukorwa mu izina ry’umugenerwa-


bikorwa kandi akaba ari we uyishyiraho umukono. Ariko,
mbere y’uko umugenerwabikorwa ashyira umukono ku
myanzuro, banza uyimusomere kugira ngo yumve neza
ibiyikubiyemo.

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Icyiciro cya 6 Inama mu by’Amategeko & Gutegura Inyandiko

34 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 7
Ubuhuza n’Umushyikirano

Nyuma y’iki cyiciro, uraba umaze


kumva neza:
1. Isano iri hagati y’ubuhuza
n’umushyikirano;
2. Ubumenyingiro
bw’umufasha mu
by’amategeko mu buhuza;
3. Intambwe enye z’ubuhuza.

Igikorwa Ubuhuza ni iki?


cy’ikoranabushake
Ubuhuza ni igikorwa cy’ikoranabushake umuntu utagira
aho abogamiye afasha impande zishyamiranye kugera ku
bwumvikane zemeranywaho zombi. Kenshi, ubuhuza
bugaragara nk’igikorwa impande zombi zishyamiranye
zirangiza zose zitsinze.

Ubuhuza bukorwa Umuhuza afasha gusa mu koroshya inzira y’ubwumvikane;


n’umuntu nta byemezo afata byerekeye icyo iyo nzira y’ubwumvikane
utabogamye izageraho.

Ubuhuza bugamije:
• Gukemura impaka;
• Kubona igisubizo/ibisubizo bishyize mu gaciro kandi
bishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwa;
• Gufata kimwe impande zombi zishyamiranye / kwirinda
kubogama; no
• Guha abantu uburyo bwo kuvugana no kungurana
ibitekerezo ku kibazo cyihariye bashyamiranyeho.

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Icyiciro cya 7 Ubuhuza n’Umushyikirano

Reba aho Umushyikirano ni iki?


umushyikirano
Nyuma yo gusaba inama umufasha mu by’amategeko cyangwa
utaniye nabyo
Umujyanama mu by’amategeko, no guhabwa amakuru nyayo ku
byerekeye amategeko, umugenerwabikorwa ashobora gutinyuka
gushyikirana n’urundi ruhande. Icyo gihe, ni byiza kumugira inama
yo gushaka ahantu hiherereye hakorerwa uwo mushyikirano.
Umugenerwabikorwa agomba kandi kumenya ko niba umushyi-
kirano ntacyo ugezeho, ashobora gusubira ku mufasha mu
by’amategeko cyangwa ku Mujyanama mu by’amategeko gusaba
ko yamufasha kubona umuhuza.
Imbonerahamwe ikurikira iragaragaza aho ubuhuza n’umushyi-
kirano bitandukaniye.
UBUHUZA UMUSHYIKIRANO
Umuhuza yemerwa n’impande zombi Nta wundi muntu ubijyamo
zishyamiranye
Ni inzira y’ikorerabushake
Umuhuza agira inama impande Impande zishyamiranye
zishyamiranye yo guhura kugira ngo ubwazo zemeranya gukora
zishakishe ubwumvikane inama no gushakisha inzira
yazigeza ku bwumvikane
Ubwumvikane bugerwaho n’impande Ubwumvikane bugerwaho
zombi – zibifashijwemo n’umuhuza n’impande zombi
Ubuhuza bubera ahantu hiherereye Umushyikirano ubera
hamwe n’umuhuza. Ariko, ubuhuza ahantu hiherereye
bumwe na bumwe bushingiye ku
baturage bushobora kubera ku
karubanda.
Impande zombi ziyemeza gushyira mu bikorwa ibyumvikanyweho
– iyo habayeho kumvikana. Ibivuye mu buhuza/umushyikirano
birandikwa bikabikwa.

Urugero
Urugero rw’ubuhuza:
Umukoresha wa Madamu Barihuta yasheshe amasezerano ye
y’akazi ariko ntiyamuha imperekeza. Kubera ko yumvaga iseswa
ry’amasezerano ye y’akazi ritari rikwiye, Madamu Barihuta
yabanje kugisha inama undi muryango utanga ubufasha mu
by’amategeko. Uwo muryango woherereje umukoresha we ibaruwa
imumenyesha ingingo z’amategeko zigomba gukurikizwa mu
byerekeye iseswa ry’amasezerano y’akazi. Kubera ko umukoresha
atigeze agira icyo asubiza kuri iyo baruwa, Madamu Barihuta
yaje mu kigo ngishwanama mu by’amategeko cyanyu kugira ngo
mumukorere ubuhuza.
Mwohereje ibaruwa itumira umukoresha wa Madamu Barihuta
maze yemera ubwo buhuza. Ku munsi w’ubuhuza, mwayoboye
ibiganiro hagati y’impande zombi byatumye amaherezo zigera ku
bwumvikane.
N.B: Amazina yarahinduwe ku mpamvu yo kugira ibanga.

36 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 7 Ubuhuza n’Umushyikirano

Uruhare rwawe nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko


ni uruhe mu gihe ugerageza gufasha abantu
bashyamiranye?
Nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko, ushobora kugaragaza igihe
uruhande rushobora kuvana inyungu mu kugerageza gukoresha
ubuhuza bugamije gukemura impaka. Ugomba gusobanurira
impande zishyamiranye inzira y’ubuhuza no kuzifasha kumenya
intambwe zigomba gukurikiraho.
Ushobora kwitabira amahugurwa y’inyongera mu
by’amategeko ategurwa n’umuryango ukorana
na wo cyangwa ikindi kigo agamije kukongerera
ubumenyingiro mu buhuza.

!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Iyo wahaye inama mu by’amategeko umu-
generwabikorwa cyangwa undi muntu
wagusobanuriye birambuye ikibazo cye
runaka, icyo gihe ntushobora kuba umuhu-
za. Ntiwagaragara nk’umuntu utagira aho
abogamiye. Ushobora gusa gufasha umu-
generwabikorwa kubona umuhuza utagira
aho abogamiye.

Ni ubuhe bumenyingiro bw’ibanze bukenewe mu Ubumenyingiro


bukenewe
buhuza?
• Kutagira aho umuntu abogamiye na hamwe. Kwirinda
kubogamira ku ruhande urwo ari rwo rwose;
• Gufasha impande zishyamiranye gushyikirana ku buryo
bwubaka;
• Gutega amatwi ubishishikariye (Reba Umutwe wa 4 –
Kubaza abagenerwabikorwa);
• Kugaragaza ibyo impande zishyamiranye zikeneye,
inyungu zazo n’ibyo zihuriyeho bidahita bigaragara;
• Gukurikiza inzira ikemura ikibazo;
• Kwagura ibyerekezo by’impande zombi;
• Kwiyibutsa no kwimenyereza amategeko ajyanye n’ibibazo
bishyamiranyije impande zombi;
• Kumenya igihe ikibazo kidasaba ubuhuza ahubwo kigomba
gushyikirizwa Abunzi cyangwa urukiko; no
• Gukora incamake y’ingingo z’ingenzi no kuzigeza ku
mpande zishyamiranye mu butumwa bwumvikana.

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Icyiciro cya 7 Ubuhuza n’Umushyikirano

Ubuhuza: Igikorwa Intambwe Z’ubuhuza


gifite intambwe 4
INTAMBWE YA MBERE: Gutegura
Kubonana n’uruhande rwa mbere:
1. Mwibwirane – usobanura ubuhuza icyo ari cyo n’uruhare
rw’umuhuza;
2. Reba unamenye imiterere y’ikibazo n’icyo urwo ruhande
rushaka kugeraho;
3. Reba niba ubuhuza bushobora gukoreshwa ku kibazo
wagejejweho no gusaba urwo ruhande kwemera kugana
inzira y’ubuhuza;
4. Reba umuhuza urwo ruhande rwakwishimira gukorana na
we. Umuhuza ashobora kuba wowe ubwawe nk’umufasha
mu by’amategeko cyangwa undi muntu wumvikanyweho;
5. Mwumvikane ku gikorwa kigomba gukurikiraho – niba
mwumvikanye, teganya itariki, isaha n’ahantu ubuhuza
buzabera.
Kubonana n’uruhande rwa 2:
1. Ni kimwe n’uruhande rwa mbere (kuva kuri Nº 1 kugera
kuri 4) – niba mwumvikanye, emeza itariki, isaha n’ahantu
ubuhuza buzabera;
2. Tegura aho ubuhuza bubera – reba niba aho hantu haboneye
kandi ari kure y’abahisi n’abagenzi (ibanga);

INTAMBWE YA 2: Gutangira
1. Ikaze – Abagize impande zose baribwirana;

!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Niba uziranye na rumwe mu mpande
zishyamiranye, ugomba kubibwira urundi
ruhande. Urwo ruhande rundi rugomba
kwemeza niba rukomeza cyangwa rudako-
meza igikorwa cy’ubuhuza hamwe nawe. Iyo
rumwe mu mpande zishyamiranye rwanze
gukomeza ubuhuza, icyo gihe ugomba kuva
mu buhuza hanyuma ugasaba undi muhuza
ubishoboye akagusimbura.

2. Sobanura amategeko agenga ubuhuza, cyane cyane ayereke-


ranye no gutega amatwi, kugira ibanga n’ubwangamugayo;
3. Sobanura impamvu ari ngombwa kwandika ibyo umugenerwa-
bikorwa akubwira n’icyo bigamije;

38 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 7 Ubuhuza n’Umushyikirano

4. Sobanura kandi mwumvikane ku nzira igiye gukurikizwa;


5. Ha buri ruhande umwanya wo gusobanura ikibazo rufite nta
kuruca mu ijambo;
6. Umuhuza agomba gukora ku buryo ibibazo byose bisobanurwa
ku buryo byumvikana neza;
7. Niba hari abagabo batanzwe, bagomba bose guhabwa ijambo
bakumvwa na buri ruhande;
8. Kora incamake y’ingingo z’ingenzi kandi werekane ibyo
impande zombi zishobora gukura mu gikorwa cy’ubuhuza;
9. Fasha impande zombi kugaragaza ibibazo, gusobanura neza
ibitegerejwe no kureba ibyo buri ruhande ruhagazeho;
10. Gukora incamake y’ibyumvikanyweho n’ibitumvikanyweho.

INTAMBWE YA 3: Impaka
1. Reba unasuzume ibitekerezo binyuranye bya buri ruhande;
Ni ngombwa ko ugira ubushobozi bwo kumenya
ibimenyetso by’ibyo buri ruhande rwemera kwigo-
mwa.
2. Reba kandi ubayobore aho ubwumvikane bushobora
kugerwaho (niba hahari);
Niba ntacyo barimo guhuriraho ngo bumvikane,
ushobora gufata icyemezo cyo kugira icyo umara
kurushaho, ubagira inama ku cyo bapfa unayobora
impande zombi kugira ngo zigere ku bwumvikane.
3. Niba nta bwumvikane bugezweho, noneho mwumvikane
ku ntambwe zigomba gukurikiraho.

INTAMBWE YA 4: Gukemura ikibazo


1. Tegura inyandiko y’ibyumvikanyweho kandi ufatanye
n’impande zombi kugenzura no kwemeza mu magambo ko
ibyanditswe ari byo byumvikanyweho koko;
2. Kora urutonde rw’inshingano z’impande zose;
3. Genzura unashyire amasezerano y’ubwumvikane mu nyandi-
ko;
4. Soza inama – shimira impande zombi.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 39
Icyiciro cya 7 Ubuhuza n’Umushyikirano

Gasore n’impande zombi nyuma y’ubuhuza


bwageze ku ntego yabwo.

Gutandukanya Ni ngombwa gutandukanya ubu bwoko bw’ubuhuza


Abahuza n’Abunzi bukoreshwa cyane n’abafasha mu by’amategeko mu
gukemura impaka n’uburyo bwihariye bukoreshwa
n’Abunzi buteganywa n’Itegeko Ngenga nº31/2006 ryo
kuwa 14/08/2006 rigena imiterere, ifasi, ububasha
n’imikorere bya Komite z’abunzi uhereye ku biranga
ubwunzi bikurikira:
- Undi muntu nk’uko biteganyijwe mu itegeko;
- Bigomba gukorwa mbere yo kujyana ikirego mu rukiko
rw’ibanze (ku bireba ibibazo by’imbonezamubano
n’ibyaha mpanabyaha, ibipimo ntarengwa bisobanuye
mu ngingo ya 8 n’iya 9 y’Itegeko Ngenga n°31/2006
ryo kuwa 14/08/2006 rigena imiterere, ifasi, ububasha
n’imikorere bya Komite z’abunzi);
- Uruhande rwahemukiwe ruregera Abunzi;
- Abunzi bafata icyemezo iyo impande zombi
zidashoboye kumvikana;
- Bibera mu ruhame (keretse Abunzi bemeje ko ikibazo
gisuzumirwa mu mwiherero babyibwirije cyangwa
babisabwe hakurikije imiterere y’ikibazo);
- Impande zombi zigomba gushyira mu bikorwa
icyemezo cyafashwe. Uruhande rutishimiye icyemezo
cyafashwe rushobora kwiyambaza urukiko.

40 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 8
Iperereza n’Ikurikiranabikorwa

Nyuma y’iki cyiciro, uraba umaze


kumva neza:
1. Iperereza icyo ari cyo;
2. Uburyo bwo gukora
iperereza;
3. Ikurikiranabikorwa icyo ari
cyo.

Iperereza Iperereza ni iki?


Mu gihe urimo gusesengura ikibazo runaka, ushobora gukenera
andi makuru yiyongera ku yo wahawe n’umugenerwabikorwa
cyangwa ayo wabwiwe n’abandi baturage. Iperereza ni igikorwa
cyo gukora ubushakashatsi bucukumbuye kugira ngo usuzume
niba ibyo wagejejweho ari byo koko cyangwa urebe ingingo
z’amategeko zijyanye n’ikibazo wagejejweho.

Iperereza rikorwa rite?


Iyo ufashe icyemezo cyo gukora iperereza, ugomba:
1. Kubanza kuganira n’undi mufasha mu by’amategeko
cyangwa impuguke mu by’amategeko ku ngaruka z’uburyo
butandukanye bwo gukemura ikibazo no kureba aho
ushobora kujya gushaka andi makuru;
2. Gusuzuma uburyo bwiza kurusha ubundi wakoresha kugira
ngo ukemure ikibazo;
3. Gushakisha andi makuru ujya aho ikibazo cyabereye, ubaza
ibibazo abandi bantu n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze, urugero
umukuru w’Umudugudu, usoma ibitabo by’amategeko bya
ngombwa bijyanye n’ikibazo wagejejweho;
4. Kwifashisha amakuru mashya ubonye mu gusesengura ikibazo
hanyuma ukemeza niba uyobora, wohereza cyangwa uherekeza

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 41
Icyiciro cya 8 Iperereza n’Ikurikiranabikorwa

umugenerwabikorwa, niba umugira inama mu by’amatageko,


n’ibindi (Reba Ibyiciro bya 5-8 by’iyi mbumbanyigisho).
Gukora iperereza bisaba kubigiramo uburambe kandi
bigomba gukoranwa ubushishozi bwinshi kugira ngo
umuntu atishyira mu ngorane, yirinde urwikekwe
cyangwa hatagira abanga kumuha amakuru kubera ibyo
akora. Ni byiza buri gihe kumenyesha iperereza ugiye
gukora umuryango ukorana na wo. Byongeye kandi,
ugomba gukora ku buryo iperereza ryawe ku kibazo
runaka ridatera ibibazo kurushaho uwakugejejeho
ikibazo cye.

Ikurikiranabikorwa Ikurikiranabikorwa
Imiterere y’akazi kawe nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko ituma gahoraho.
Nyuma yo gutanga inama mu by’amategeko cyangwa gukora ubuhuza,
kuyobora, kohereza cyangwa guherekeza umugenerwabikorwa,
n’ibindi, ukwiye gukurikirana ikibazo igihe cyose bishoboka.

Ikurikiranabikorwa ni iki?
Ikurikiranabikorwa rireba intambwe zigenda ziterwa mu
ikemurwa ry’ikibazo wagejejweho kugira ngo urebe niba ibikorwa
wasabye gukora byaragize akamaro cyangwa niba ari ngombwa
gufata ibyemezo byisumbuye cyangwa kwiyambaza abandi bantu,
n’ibindi. Ibikorwa by’ikurikiranabikorwa bigamije kugera ku
gisubizo cya nyuma kandi cya burundu ku kibazo wagejejweho
n’umugenerwabikorwa wawe.

Ikurikiranabikorwa ritangira ukimara gushyikirizwa ikibazo


kugeza igihe igisubizo kibonekeye, ni ukuvuga kugeza igihe
umugenerwabikorwa wawe asubirijwe uburenganzira yari
yaravukijwe cyangwa ikibazo cye gikemutse.

Urugero: Iyo impande zombi ziyemeje kunyura mu nzira


y’ubuhuza hanyuma zikagera ku bwumvikane, ukora
ikurikiranabikorwa kugira ngo urebe niba buri ruhande
rwarakoze ibyo rwari rwariyemeje.

Mutoni arabaza
umugenzi
aho yabona
umugenerwabikorwa
kugira ngo akore
ikurikiranabikorwa
ry’ikibazo cye.

42 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 9
Inshingano y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
mu gucunga amakuru n’Isano iri hagati
y’Igenzurabikorwa, Ubushakashatsi
n’Ubuvugizi

Nyuma y’iki cyiciro, uraba umaze kumva


neza:
1. Icyo gucunga amakuru ari cyo;
2. Ubumenyingiro umufasha
mu by’amategeko akeneye
kugira mu gucunga amakuru
n’ibikoresho biriho;
3. Icyo ikurikiranabikorwa,
ubushakashatsi n’ubuvugizi bivuga.

Gucunga Gucunga amakuru ni iki?


amakuru
Ni uburyo wowe nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko n’umuryango
ukorana na wo mushaka, mukabika ndetse mukanashobora
kongera kubona amakuru yose mwahawe mu kazi kanyu.
Bisaba gukusanya amakuru, kuyasesengura, gukora raporo,
gukoresha amakuru no kuyabika kugira ngo azashobore
kongera gusesengurwa, gukoreshwa cyangwa kwifashishwa
mu bihe bizaza.

Ukeneye ubuhe bumenyingiro muri iki gikorwa?


• Gushobora gushyira mu nyandiko neza kandi ku
buryo buhamye amakuru yose wabonye;
• No gushobora gutegereza.

Hari ibihe bikoresho?


Ibikoresho bitandukanye bizagufasha gucunga neza amakuru
yakusanyijwe mu gihe cyose wakoraga akazi kawe:

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 43
Icyiciro cya 9 Inshingano y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko mu gucunga amakuru
n’Isano iri hagati y’Igenzurabikorwa, Ubushakashatsi n’Ubuvugizi

• Agakayi k’Umufasha mu by’Amategeko: kwandikamo


ibyo ukora buri munsi nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko no
gushyiramo gahunda wakoze cyangwa uteganyije gukora
zo kubonana n’abantu;
• Urupapuro rw’Ufashwa mu by’Amategeko (Reba
Umugereka wa 4): gukusanya amakuru ajyanye n’ikibazo,
ni ukuvuga: kumenya umugenerwabikorwa, ubwoko
bw’ikibazo afite, amakuru arambuye kuri icyo kibazo,
icyemezo cyafashwe mbere, ibyo umugenerwabikorwa
yakoze mbere ku kibazo cye, inama yagiriwe mu gihe
cyo kubaza (‘interview’), icyemezo cyafashwe, ibikorwa
byakozwe, amakuru ku wabajije;
• Urupapuro rw’Ufashwa mu by’Amategeko rujyanye no
kwimura ikibazo (Reba Umugereka wa 6): urwo rupapuro
rukoreshwa iyo ikibazo cyohererejwe undi muryango /
ikindi kigo gitanga ubufasha mu by’amategeko;
• Urupapuro rwuzuzwaho uko ikibazo gikurikiranwa
(Reba Umugereka wa 5): kugenzura uko ikemurwa
ry’ikibazo rigenda ritera imbere ugereranyije na gahunda
y’ibikorwa yumvikanyweho n’umugenerwabikorwa;
• Urupapuro rw’Amakuru y’Umugereka (Reba Umugereka
wa 7): ni amakuru ku kibazo wakusanyije utari kumwe
n’umugenerwabikorwa. Ni inyongera ku makuru
wakusanyije mbere yanditse mu Rupapuro rw’Ufashwa
mu by’Amategeko;
• Urupapuro rw’Incamake y’Ikibazo (Reba Umugereka
wa 10): Uru rupapuro rwandikwaho amakuru y’ingenzi
(urugero: amazina y’umugenerwabikorwa, Nº ya Dosiye,
igitsina, imyaka, ubwoko bw’ikibazo, itariki ikibazo cyasu-
zumweho bwa mbere, ubwoko bw’ubufasha bwatanzwe,
amazina y’imiryango cyoherejwemo (niba hari ihari),
imigendekere y’ikibazo, umuntu ushinzwe icyo kibazo mu
muryango wohererejwe ikibazo). Iki gikoresho kigufasha
wowe n’umuryango ukorana na wo kubona no gusesengura
ibyerekezo imikurikiranire y’ibibazo yagiye ifata;
• Urupapuro rw’ishyinguranyandiko (Reba Umugereka
wa 11): rukoreshwa iyo ikibazo kirangiye burundu.
Urwo rupapuro rwandikwaho amakuru yose yerekeranye
n’ikibazo ndetse n’impamvu itumye gishyirwa mu
ishyinguranyandiko.

Niba ushaka amakuru arambuye kuri ibi bikoresho n’ina-


ma ku mikoreshereze y’ibikoresho biriho, gana umuryango
ukorana na wo cyangwa Ubunyamabanga bw’Ihuriro
ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko.

44 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Icyiciro cya 9 Inshingano y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko mu gucunga amakuru
n’Isano iri hagati y’Igenzurabikorwa, Ubushakashatsi n’Ubuvugizi

Waba ugomba gukorera umuryango ukorana na wo


raporo zanditse? Yego!
Raporo zawe zizafasha umuryango ukorana na wo kumenya
ibikorwa byawe no gukurikirana uko bigenda bitera imbere,
ibibazo uhura nabyo, ibyo washoboye gukemura n’amasomo
wavanye mu baturage ukurikije uko ubibona.

Mbere yo kwandika raporo, ugomba kumenya uzayakira


n’icyo azaba ashaka kuyikoresha kugira ngo utegure
raporo irimo amakuru azaba akeneye.

!
Icyo kwitabwaho: Ugomba kugirira ibanga raporo zawe n’ibindi
bikoresho byose by’ihererekanyamakuru.
Ugomba gushyira umukono kuri buri raporo
no kwandikaho amazina yawe.

Gukora raporo ni bumwe mu buryo bwaguye


bw’igenzurabikorwa umuryango ukorana na wo
ukora ugamije gusesengura no gutera inkunga
umurimo wawe no kugira uruhare mu igenamigambi
rya gahunda zitaha z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko. Ibyo
bishobora kuba birimo gusura abagenerwabikorwa
aho baba, urutonde rw’ibibazo, ibiganiro byihariye
n’abantu ku giti cyabo, n’ibindi.

Gutegura inyandiko zijyanye n’akazi kawe no gucunga neza


amakuru bizafasha mu igenzurabikorwa, ubushakashatsi no mu
buvugizi bukorwa n’umuryango ukorana na wo.

Igenzurabikorwa ni iki? Igenzurabikorwa


Igenzurabikorwa ni igikorwa cyo gukusanya amakuru kenshi kandi
ku buryo buhoraho hagamijwe kureba uko umushinga, inzira
cyangwa uburyo bukoreshwa bigenda bitera imbere. Ubu buryo
bufasha umuryango mukorana gukurikirana, ku ruhande rumwe,
ibikorwa by’abafasha mu by’amatageko no gusuzuma ingaruka
z’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko ugereranyije n’ibitegerejwe
kugerwaho ndetse n’inshingano z’ibikorwa by’abafasha mu
by’amategeko n’umuryango bakorana na wo cyangwa, ku rundi
ruhande, gukurikirana uburyo ibikorwa hanze y’uwo muryango
bigenda bitera imbere (urugero: imikorere y’inkiko).

Uruhare rw’abafasha mu by’amategeko mu igenzurabikorwa:


Gutegura (no kuvugurura) uburyo bw’igenzurabikorwa
harimo kugena inshingano n’ibipimo by’igenzurabikorwa,
ndetse n’amakuru agomba gukusanywa – kwerekana aho
amakuru yaturutse, umuvuduko ikusanyamakuru rikorwaho,
ibyo igenzurabikorwa ryibandaho, abakozi babishinzwe,
n’ibindi. Ibyo bikorwa byose bigomba guhuzwa n’umuryango

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 45
Icyiciro cya 9 Inshingano y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko mu gucunga amakuru
n’Isano iri hagati y’Igenzurabikorwa, Ubushakashatsi n’Ubuvugizi

umufasha mu by’amategeko akorana na wo kandi bigakorwa


ku buryo abafasha mu by’amategeko babigiramo uruhare.

Abafasha mu by’amategeko bashobora kugira uruhare mu gihe


cyo gutegura ndetse no mu gihe cyo gushyira mu bikorwa. Ariko,
bagomba kugenzurwa kandi bagahabwa amaguhurwa yihariye ku
buryo bwo:
1. gukusanya amakuru (urugero: kubaza, ‘interview’);
2. gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye by’igenzurabikorwa;
3. guhuriza hamwe no gusesengura amakuru yakusanyijwe;
4. gutegura no kwandika raporo zigenewe umuryango umufasha
mu by’amategeko akorana na wo.
Ubushakashatsi Isano n’ubushakashatsi: Ushingiye ku mubare w’ibibazo byihariye
cyangwa ku byerekezo bigaragara mu gihe cy’igenzurabikorwa,
umuryango ukorana na wo ushobora gufata icyemezo cyo gukora
ubushakashatsi bwihariye.

Intego y’ubwo bushakashatsi ni:


1. Gukusanya ibikorwa bifatika cyangwa andi makuru ku hantu
ikibazo kiri cyangwa ku nsangamatsiko ikibazo gishingiyeho;
2. Kumenya neza ibibazo ibyo ari byo;
3. Gusesengura ibivuye mu bushakashatsi no gutanga inama
ku bisubizo bifatika kandi biboneye bityo bigatuma hagira
ibihinduka muri politiki cyangwa mu mategeko.
Ubuvugizi Isano n’inzira z’ubuvugizi: Bitewe n’ibyo igenzurabikorwa
n’ubushakashatsi byagezeho, umuryango ukorana na wo ushobora
gufata icyemezo cyo gukora ubuvugizi ku bayobozi bireba ku
bibazo runaka byihariye cyangwa ku byerekezo byagaragaye
(bishingiye ku bibazo byashyirikijwe abafasha mu by’amategeko).
Ibikorwa by’umuryango ukorana na wo bigamije guhindura
ibisanzwe bikorwa, amategeko cyangwa politiki.
Urugero: Mu mpera za 1990, imiryango myinshi y’abagore
yagaragaje kandi ikusanya amakuru ku mikorere
y’ivangura yabuzaga abagore kuzungura ubutaka.
Ishingiye ku bushakashatsi no ku buvugizi, imiryango
itagengwa na Leta y’imbere mu gihugu n’imiryango
mpuzamahanga yakoze ubuvigizi bugamije guhindura
itegeko rigenga izungura. Ubwo buvugizi bwatumye
hemezwa itegeko ryihariye mu mwaka wa 1999
rirebana n’abashakanye, izungura n’irage (reba Itegeko
Nº22/99 ryo kuwa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza Igitabo cya
Mbere cy’Urwunge rw’Amategeko Mbonezamubano
kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire
y’umutungo w’abashyingiranwe, impano n’izungura).

46 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Ibisobanuro by’amagambo
1. Abunzi Hakurikijwe ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko Ngenga nº31/2006 ryo
kuwa 14/08/2006 rigena imiterere, ifasi, ububasha n’imikorere
bya Komite y’abunzi, Abunzi ni ‘urwego rushinzwe kunga
ababuranyi igihe cyose mbere y’uko bashyikiriza urukiko
ruburanisha mu rwego rwa mbere ibirego’ ku manza
z’imbonezamubano n’izi’mpanabyaha hakurikijwe ibipimo
ntarengwa bisobanuwe mu ngingo ya 8 n’iya 9 y’iryo Tegeko
Ngenga.
Iyo impande zombi zidashoboye kumvikana, Abunzi bafata
icyemezo kigomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa. Uruhande
rutishimiye icyo cyemezo rushobora kwiyambaza Urukiko
rw’Ibanze.

2. Kugera ku butabera Ubushobozi abaturage bafite bwo gushaka no kubona igisubizo


binyuze mu nzego z’ubutabera zashyizweho n’amategeko
cyangwa izitarashyizweho n’amategeko, kandi hakurikijwe
ibipimo by’uburenganzira bwa muntu (Igisobanuro cya
UNDP/PNUD).

3. Guherekeza (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Kujyana


n’umugenerwabikorwa kureba umuryango cyangwa
ikigo runaka gitanga ubufasha mu by’amategeko iyo
umugenerwabikorwa ari umuntu udafite ubushobozi bwo
kwirwanaho cyangwa atazi uburyo yakwifata wenyine
imbere y’uwo muryango cyangwa ikigo, cyangwa se kubera
ko ikibazo cye kigomba gukurikiranirwa hafi.
4. Ubuvugizi Uburyo bwo gufata ingamba zo kwifashisha amakuru
hagamijwe guhindura imikorere cyangwa politiki igira
ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw’abantu.
(Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Bitewe
n’ibyo ikurikiranabikorwa n’ubushakashatsi byagaragaje,
umuryango ukorana na wo ushobora gufata icyemezo cyo
gukora ubuvugizi ku bayobozi bireba ku kibazo/bibazo
byihariye cyangwa ku byerekezo byagaragajwe (bishingiye
ku bibazo abafasha mu by’amategeko bashyikirijwe). Icyo
gikorwa cy’umuryango ukorana na wo kigamije guhindura
ibisanzwe bikorwa, amategeko cyangwa politiki byari biriho.

5. Umuryano ukorana na wo (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Umuryango


utagengwa na Leta ukoreramo ubufasha mu by’amategeko.
6. Umuhesha w’inkiko Umukozi itegeko riha inshingano zo kurangiza imanza mu
mwanya w’undi muntu uwo ariwe wese, urugero nko gufatira
cyangwa gusubiza uburenganzira bwo kongera gutunga ibintu
umuntu yari yaravukijwe. Hariho abahesha b’inkiko batari
ab’umwuga ku rwego rw’akagari, urw’umurenge n’akarere,
hakabaho n’abahesha b’inkiko bikorera ku giti cyabo babigize
umwuga.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 47
IBISOBANURO BY’AMAGAMBO

7. Umugenerwabikorwa (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Umuntu


uhabwa ubufasha mu by’amategeko, urugero nko guhabwa
amakuru cyangwa inama mu by’amategeko.

8. Amatsinda mato Itsinda rigizwe n’abantu bake baganira ku kibazo runaka mu


gihe gito cyagenwe, urugero nko kungurana ibitekerezo ku
nshingano z’abafasha mu by’amategeko mu minota 5-10.

9. Urega Uruhande rutanze ikirego mu rukiko rurega urundi ruhande,


rugamije guhabwa igisubizo gishingiye ku mategeko kuri
icyo kirego n’icyemezo cy’urukiko, urugero: gusubizwa
uburenganzira, guhabwa indishyi z’akababaro, n’ibindi.

10. Ubujyanama Ubufasha n’inkunga mu byerekeye ubumenyamuntu shingiro


bihabwa umuntu wahahamutse bigatangwa n’umujyanama
ubifitiye ubushobozi cyangwa ikigo gifite ubumenyi bwihariye
muri urwo rwego binyujijwe mu gutanga inama.

11. Inkiko Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo kuwa 4
Kamena 2003 rishyiraho inzego zikurikira z’inkiko mu
ngingo yaryo 143 yahinduwe: ‘(…) Inkiko zisanzwe zigizwe
n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, Urukiko Rukuru rwa Repubulika,
Inkiko zisumbuye n’Inkiko z’Ibanze. Inkiko zihariye ni Inkiko
Gacaca, Inkiko za Gisirikare, Inkiko z’Ubucuruzi n’urundi
rukiko urwo ari rwo rwose rwashyirwaho n’itegeko ngenga
(…)’.

12. Gutegura inyandiko (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Kuzuza


impapuro z’urukiko cyangwa kwandika ama-baruwa
yohererezwa abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze cyangwa ibigo.
Gutegura inyandiko bishobora no kuvuga kwandika
imyanzuro y’urubanza.

13. Ikurikiranabikorwa (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko)


Gukirikirana intambwe ikemurwa ry’ikibazo wageje-jweho
rigenda ritera kugira ngo urebe niba ibikorwa wasabye
gukora byaragize akamaro cyangwa niba ari ngombwa gufata
ibyemezo byisumbuye cyangwa kwiyambaza abandi bantu,
n’ibindi.
Ikurikiranabikorwa ritangira ukimara gushyikirizwa ikibazo
kugeza igihe kiboneye igisubizo, ni ukuvuga kugeza igihe
umugenerwabikorwa wawe asubirijwe uburenganzira yari
yaravukijwe cyangwa ikibazo cye gikemutse.

14. Gucunga amakuru (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Ni


uburyo wowe nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko n’umuryango
ukorana na wo mushaka, mubika cyangwa mukurikirana
amakuru yose mubona mu kazi kanyu. Bisaba gukusanya
amakuru, kuyasesengura, gukora raporo, gukoresha amakuru
no kuyabika kugira ngo azashobore kongera gusesengurwa,
gukoreshwa cyangwa kwifashishwa mu bihe bizaza.

48 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IBISOBANURO BY’AMAGAMBO

15. Kubaza (‘Interview’) (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Ibiganiro


hagati y’abantu babiri cyangwa benshi (umufasha mu
by’amategeko nk’ubaza n’umuge-nerwabikorwa nk’ubazwa) aho
ibibazo by’ubaza bigamije gukusanya no kumva impungenge
ubazwa afite.

16. Iperereza (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Uburyo


bwo gucukumbura ikibazo usura aho cyavukiye, utanga ibibazo,
usoma ibitabo by’amategeko ajyanye n’ikibazo, n’ibindi. Ibyo
aba ari ukugira ngo usuzume niba ibyo wagejejweho ari byo
koko cyangwa urebe ingingo z’amategeko zijyanye n’ikibazo
wagejejweho.

17. Umucamanza Umuntu washyizweho ku mugaragaro na Leta ufite ububasha


bwo kumva no gufata icyemezo ku kirego cyashyikirijwe
urukiko.

18. Umwunganizi mu Nkiko Umwe mu bagize Urugaga rw’Abunganizi mu Nkiko, urwego


rw’umwuga rwashyizweho n’itegeko nº3/97 ryo kuwa
19/03/1997 rishyiraho Urugaga Nyarwanda rw’Abavoka.
Hakurikijwe ingingo ya 2 n’iya 96 z’itegeko rishyiraho Urugaga
rw’Abavoka, umwunganizi mu bucamanza afite uburenganzira
bwo kunganira no guhagararira abantu mu nkiko z’ibanze
n’izisumbuye.

19. Imikirize y’urubanza Icyemezo gifashwe ku mugaragaro n’urukiko ku kibazo


rwashyikirijwe.

20. Itegeko Urwunge rw’amabwiriza agenga imibanire mu gihugu


akubahirizwa n’inzego zitandukanye.
Muri yo harimo amategeko ashyirwaho n’Inteko Ishinga
Amategeko n’amateka ashyirwaho na Guverinoma (Ubutegetsi
Nyubahirizategeko).

21. Avoka Umwe mu bagize Urugaga Nyarwanda rw’Abavoka, urwego
rw’umwuga rwashyizweho n’Itegeko nº3/97 ryo kuwa
19/03/1997 rishyiraho Urugaga Nyarwanda rw’Abavoka.
Hakurikijwe ingingo ya 2 y’itegeko rishyiraho Urugaga
rw’Abavoka, Avoka afite uburenganzira bwo kunganira no
guhagararira abantu mu nkiko.

22. Inama mu by’amategeko (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko)


Gutanga amakuru, kuyasesengura no gutanga ubufasha mu
bibazo byerekeye amategeko umugenerwabikorwa afite.

23. Ubufasha mu by’amategko Gutanga, ku buntu cyangwa uzitanga afite inkunga aterwa,
serivisi z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko zirimo gutanga amakuru
/guhugura; inama mu by’amategeko /ubuhuza; no kunganira
abantu mu nkiko.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 49
IBISOBANURO BY’AMAGAMBO

24. Ikigo ngishwanama (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Ahantu


mu by’amategeko hagenewe by’umwihariko kwakira abantu no kubaha serivisi
z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko. Aho hantu hashobora gutunganywa
kugira ngo haberane n’ibyo abantu bahagana bashaka, urugero:
kuhashyira ibyapa, aho abantu bicara igihe bategereje kwakirwa,
uburyo bwo kwandika abantu, umuntu ushinzwe kwakira
abantu, udutabo n’ibinyamakuru byo gusoma, n’ibindi.

25. Umujyanama mu (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Umuntu


by’amategeko ufite impamyabumenyi ihanitse mu by’amate-geko kandi
ushinzwe iby’amategeko mu muryango ukorana na wo,
ushobora gusaba ubufasha n’inama mu kazi kawe nk’umufasha
mu by’amategeko, urugero nko ku bibazo by’amategeko
byihariye cyangwa by’ingorabahizi, ku gutegura no gusuzuma
imyanzuro, mbere yo gukora iperereza ricukumbuye ku
kibazo runaka washyikirijwe, n’ibindi.

26. Ikibazo cyo mu rwego (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Ikibazo


rw’amategeko umugenerwabikorwa wawe afite gishobora kuba kiri mu
rwego rw’amategeko mu ngero zikurikira (uru urutonde
ntirubirondora byose):
- Umuntu wishe itegeko;
- Hari uwareze;
- Itegeko ritakurikijwe;
- Ivuguruzanya mu iyubahirizwa ry’itegeko;
- Itegeko ritumvikana neza cyangwa itegeko riteye ibibazo;
- Hari amategeko avuguruzanya; cyangwa
- Kutamenya amategeko.

27. Ikibazo ku mategeko Ingingo cyangwa ikibazo kiganirwaho, kigirwaho impaka kiri
mu rwego rw’amategeko.

28. Ubuyobozi bw’inzego Abayobozi ku rwego rw’umudugudu, Akagari, Umurenge,


z’ibanze Akarere n’Intara.

29. Ubuhuza Uburyo impande zishyamiranye zemeranyijweho gukoresha,


umuntuudafiteahoabogamiyeakazifashakugerakubwumvikane
hagati yabo. Kenshi, ubuhuza bugaragara nk’igikorwa impande
zombi zishyamiranye zirangiza zose zitsinze.
Umuhuza afasha gusa mu koroshya inzira y’ubwumvikane;
nta byemezo afata byerekeye icyo iyo nzira y’ubwumvikane
izageraho.

30. Ubukangurambaga (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Ni uguha


abaturage amakuru ku nshingano zawe nk’umufasha mu
by’amategeko no ku bwoko bwa serivisi n’ubufasha ushobora
gutanga muri urwo rwego.
Ubukangurambaga ni no guhuriza hamwe abaturage
no kubashishikariza kugushyigikira mu nshingano zawe
nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko, nko gukwirakwiza amakuru.

50 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IBISOBANURO BY’AMAGAMBO

31. Igenzurabikorwa (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko)


Igenzurabikorwa ni igikorwa cyo gukusanya amakuru
kenshi kandi ku buryo buhoraho hagamijwe kureba uko
umushinga, inzira cyangwa uburyo bukoreshwa bigenda
bitera imbere. Ubu buryo bufasha umuryango mukorana
gukurikirana, ku ruhande rumwe, ibikorwa by’abafasha mu
by’amatageko no gusuzuma ingaruka z’umurimo w’ubufasha
mu by’amategeko ugereranyije n’ibitegerejwe kugerwaho
ndetse n’inshingano z’ibikorwa by’abafasha mu by’amategeko
n’umuryango bakorana na wo cyangwa, ku rundi ruhande,
kugenzura uburyo ibikorwa hanze y’uwo muryango bigenda
bitera imbere (urugero: imikorere y’inkiko).

32. Umushyikirano Uburyo impande zishyamiranye zemeranyijweho gukoresha,


zikagirana ibiganiro hagati yabo, zikagera ku bwumvikane
zemeranyijweho, nta wundi muntu ubigizemo uruhare.

33. Kuyobora (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Iyo


udashoboye gutanga serivisi umugenerwabikorwa yagusabye,
ushobora kumuyobora ukamubwira uburyo n’ahantu
ashobora gusaba ubufasha, nko ku wundi muryango cyangwa
ikigo – bitabaye ngombwa ko ugira ikindi uzamukorera
nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko.

34. Abafasha mu by’amategeko Abantu babana n’abaturage, batari Abavoka/Abunganizi


mu Bucamanza cyangwa Abajyanama mu by’Amategeko
ariko bafite ubumenyingiro bufatika mu by’amategeko kandi
bahuguriwe guha serivisi mu by’amategeko abagenerwabikorwa
baje babagana.
Ubwoko bwihariye bw’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko
bushobora kuba ari uguha abantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa
abaturage muri rusange amakuru yerekeranye n’uburenganzira
bwabo, gutanga inama mu by’amategeko ku kibazo cyihariye
cyangwa gutegura inyandiko zitandukanye. Abafasha mu
by’amategeko bashobora kugereranywa n’abafasha b’abaganga
batanga inama n’ubufasha by’ibanze.

35. Ubufasha mu by’amategeko Ugukora umurimo w’umufasha mu by’amategeko.

36. Gutanga ikirego Kuzuza urupapuro rwo gutanga ikirego mu rukiko.

37. Uburyo bukurikizwa Amategeko n’ibindi biteganyijwe bigomba gukurikizwa mu


micungire y’ubutabera.

38. Kohereza (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Iyo


udashoboye gutanga serivisi umugenerwabikorwa yagusabye,
ushobora kumwohereza ku wundi muryango utagengwa na Leta
ushobora kwakira ikibazo cye ukamufasha. Icyo gihe uvugana
n’uwo muryango ukawutegurira kwakira umugenerwabikorwa
wandika ibaruwa imwohereza, ugatelefona cyangwa ukigira
ubwawe kureba uwo muryango.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 51
IBISOBANURO BY’AMAGAMBO

39. Guhagararira mu nkiko Uburyo umuntu ahagararirwa byemewe n’amategeko n’undi


muntu mu bibazo birebana n’inkiko – umuhagarariye –
agakora/akavuga mu izina no mu kigwi cy’uwo ahagarariye.
Hakurikijwe itegeko nº3/97 ryo kuwa 19/03/1997 rishyiraho
Urugaga Nyarwanda rw’Abavoka, guhaga-rarira abantu
mu nkiko bikorwa gusa n’abagize Urugaga Nyarwanda
rw’Abavoka bakora ku giti cyabo cyangwa batumwe na Leta,
ubundi buryo bwo guhararirwa ni ubukorwa n’Abunganizi
mu Nkiko hakaba nuko umuburanyi afite uburenganzira bwo
kwiburanira, guhagararirwa n’uwo bashakanye, umubyeyi we
cyangwa undi muntu wo mu muryango we (reba ingingo ya
94 y’Itegeko rishyiraho Urugaga rw’Abavoka).

40. Ubushakashatsi (Birebana n’umurimo w’ubufasha mu by’amategeko) Ushingiye


ku bibazo byihariye cyangwa ibyerekezo bivuka byagaragajwe
n’igenzurabikorwa, umuryango ukorana na wo ushobora
gufata icyemezo cyo gukora ubushakashatsi bwihariye
ukoresheje inyigo icukumbuye y’ikibazo.
Intego y’ubwo bushakashatsi ni:
- Gukusanya ibikorwa bifatika cyangwa andi makuru ku
hantu ikibazo kiri cyangwa ku nsanganyamatsiko ikibazo
gishingiyeho;
- Kumenya neza ibibazo ibyo ari byo;
- Gusesengura ibivuye mu bushakashatsi no gutanga inama
ku bisubizo bifatika kandi biboneye bityo bigatuma hagira
ibihinduka muri politiki n’ingamba.

41. Gukangura abaturage Kwigisha cyangwa guha abaturage, amatsinda cyangwa abantu
ku giti cyabo amakuru ku kibazo cyihariye binyujijwe mu
nama zatumijwe ku mugaragaro cyangwa inama zitatumijwe
cyangwa se mu biganiro mu matsinda.

42. Imyanzuro Imyanzuro ni inyandiko ijyanye n’amategeko uruhande


ruburana rushyikiriza urukiko, inyandiko itanga inca-
make y’ikibazo, ingingo z’amategeko zijyanye n’icyo ikibazo,
ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’icyo uburana asaba urukiko ku
buryo bwihariye.

52 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Imigereka
Izi mpapuro zo kuzuzwa n’ibikoresho bikurikira ni ingero zitanzwe
hagamijwe kukorohereza akazi ukora nk’umufasha mu by’amategeko;
zishobora gutunganywa kurushaho bitewe n’aho mukorera n’uburyo
bwihariye mukoreramo.

Umugereka wa mbere: Inama yo gukangura abaturage –


Icyitegererezo cy’Urupapuro
rw’imyiteguro

INYITO Y’INAMA YO GUKANGURA ABATURAGE

AHANTU:
ITARIKI:
ISAHA YO GUTANGIRA:
ABANTU BATEGEREJWE (Imibare n’ibyiciro by’abantu bategerejwe):

INTEGO Y’INAMA:

GUTANGIRA: Ubutumwa bw’ingenzi ushaka gutanga

IGICE CY’INGENZI CY’IBIGIYE KUVUGWA: (kutarenza ingingo 3 - 5 zumvikana


neza)

IBYAKORWA MU IKURIKIRANABIKORWA: (kubyuzuza nyuma y’inama yo


gukangura abaturage)

UMWANYA WO KWANDIKAMO:

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 53
IMIGEREKA

Umugereka wa 2: Amahugurwa – Icyitegererezo


cy’urupapuro rw’isuzumabikorwa

Uwabahuguye Icyigwa Uburyo Ibindi bitekerezo


yasobanuye ate mwahawe cyari bwakoreshejwe rusange
isomo rye?* kiberanye n’ibyo mu mahugurwa
mukora?* bwabahaga
umwanya wo
kuyagiramo
uruhare?*

Neza/yego

Biringaniye

Nabi/oya
* Shyira √ ahakwiye.

54 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IMIGEREKA

Umugereka wa 3: Amahugurwa – Icyitegererezo


cy’urupapuro rworoheje rwa raporo

INYITO Y’AMAHUGURWA: _________________________________

AHO ABERA:
ITARIKI:
ISAHA YO GUTANGIRA:
IGIHE AMAHUGURWA AMARA:
UMUBARE N’IBIRANGA ABAHUGURWA (ku bisobanuro birambuye, reba urupapuro
rukurikiyeho):

INTEGO Y’AMAHUGURWA:

IBYIGWA/INSANGANYAMATSIKO:

UBURYO BUKORESHWA ABAHUGURWA BAGIRAMO URUHARE:

IBIBAZO BY’INGENZI / IBIGANIRO ABAHUGURWA BAGIZE:

INCAMAKE Y’ISUZUMAMIKORERE RYAKOZWE N’ABAHUGURWA:

IBIKORWA BY’IKURIKIRANABIKORWA N’INKUNGA IKENEWE YAVA MU


MURYANGO AKORANA NA WO (Niba ari ngombwa):

IBYIFUZO (ku mahugurwa nk’aya ataha) N’IBINDI BITEKEREZO MURI RUSANGE:

UWAKOZE RAPORO:
Amazina: Nº ya telefoni:
Umuryango ukorana na wo:
Itariki ya raporo: Umukono:

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 55
IMIGEREKA

INYITO Y’INAMA YO GUKANGURA ABATURAGE: _________________________


URUTONDE RW’ABAHUGURWA

AHO AMAHUGURWA ABERA:


ITARIKI:

Amazina Umuryango/ikigo Icyo ushinze Aho ubarizwa Telefoni Umukono


(umurenge/
akagari)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.

56 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IMIGEREKA

Umugereka wa 4: Urupapuro rw’Ufashwa mu by’Amategeko

IKIRANGO
CY’ISHYIRAHAMWE

UMUTWE na/cyangwa IZINA RY’ISHYIRAHAMWE


URUPAPURO RW’UFASHWA MU BY’AMATEGEKO N° y’idosiye : _____________
Itariki : …………………….......…… Isaha ikiganiro cyatangiriyeho : ...............................................

1. INTANGIRIRO
Uko ufashwa yamenye ibikorwa byo gufasha mu by’amategeko bikorwa n’ishyirahamwe ryanyu? .......................
Yarabibwiwe Radiyo Ishyirahamwe ryabasuye mu murenge/akagari Ubundi buryo :..........................

2. UMWIRONDORO W’UFASHWA MU BY’AMATEGEKO


Amazina :..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Inomero y’indangamuntu : ...................................................... Telefoni : .............................................................................................
Aho atuye ubu (Akarere, Umurenge, Akagari, Umudugudu) : ...............................................................................................
Aho yavukiye n’itariki yavutseho : ............................................................................................................................................................
Igitsina : Gore Gabo
Irangamimerere : Ingaragu Yarashatse Yatandukanye n’uwo bashakanye
Ntabana n’uwo bashakanye Umupfakazi
Akazi akora : ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................
Icyemezo cy’uko atishoboye: Oya Yego Ibindi (igihe cyatangiwe, Ubuyobozi bwagitanze): .................
Umuhagarariye (niba ari ngombwa) : .....................................................................................................................................................
Ibindi bisobanuro (uregero Imfubyi) : ...................................................................................................................................................

3. UBWOKO BW’IKIBAZO
Mpanabyaha Mbonezamubano Ubucuruzi Ubutegetsi Umurimo
Mbonezamubano : Ubutaka Umuryango Izungura Ubwishingizi Ibindi .....................................
Mpanabyaha : Ubujura Ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina Ibyaha bya jenoside Ibindi .....................
Ibyerekeye ubutegetsi / Ubucuruzi (sobanura) : ...............................................................................................................................

4. UKO BYAGENZE (Ukomereze ku rupapuro rw’umugereka niba ari ngombwa)


…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......………........
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......…………........
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......…………………........
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………........

Urupapuro rw’umufashwa mu by’amategeko LAF 01/008 – Rwateguwe ku bufatanye n’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango


itanga ubufasha mu by’Amategeko

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 57
IMIGEREKA

N° y’idosiye : _____________

5. IBYEMEZO BYAFASHWE MBERE / IBYAKOZWE N’UFASHWA MU BY’AMATEGEKO


Ni ibihe bintu ufashwa mu by’amategeko yakoze mu rwego rwo gukurikirana ikibazo ? .................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Hari abandi bafasha mu by’amategeko yifashishije ? Yego Oya Niba ari Yego, ni abahe : ................
Ikibazo cyashyikirijwe : Abategetsi Abunzi Inkiko Nta na kimwe Ahandi .............................
Uko dosiye ihagaze : yaranditswe irakigwaho yagejejwe mu bujurire
N° y’idosiye : ................................................................................. Urukiko : ........................................................................................
Izina ry’uwo bafitanye ikibazo : .........................................................................................................................................................
Ibindi bisobanuro : ...................................................................................................................................................................................

6. INAMA ZATANZWE MU GIHE TWAGANIRAGA


Ubwunzi Kumvikanisha Kuyoborwa mu zindi nzego Inama wamugiriye
Ibindi bisobanuro : ....................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Gukomeza gukurikirana ikibazo ni ngombwa ? Yego Oya Niba ari Oya tanga impamvu ?..............
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................

7. ICYEMEZO CYAFASHWE
Kohereza ikibazo mu wundi muryango ..................................................................................................................................
Koherezwa mu zindi serivisi urugero nka serivisi z’ubuganga ...................................................................................
Ibisobanuro by’umugereka / inyandiko zisabwa .................................................................................................................
Gukurikirana ikibazo .........................................................................................................................................................................
Ibisobanuro by’umugereka ku bigomba guzakorwa ubutaha:
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Niba mwarumvikanye igihe mugomba kuzahura, tanga : Itariki : ............................... Isaha : ..................................

8. IBYITONDERWA BYA NYUMA


...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................

9. IBYEREKEYE UMUFASHA MU BY’AMATEGEKO / UMUNYAMATEGEKO


Jyewe, uvugwa hasi, niyemeje gukomeza kubika amabanga yose yerekeye amakuru nahawe.
Amazina y’umufasha mu by’amategeko / umunyamategeko : .................................. Telefoni : ..................................
Itariki : ................................................................. Isaha ikiganiro kirangiriyeho : .......................................................................
Umukono : ......................................................................................
Urupapuro rw’umufashwa mu by’amategeko LAF 01/008 – Rwateguwe ku bufatanye n’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango
itanga ubufasha mu by’Amategeko

58 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IMIGEREKA

Umugereka wa 5: Urupapuro rw’Ufashwa mu by’Amategeko


rwuzuzwaho uko ikibazo gikurikiranwa

IKIRANGO
CY’ISHYIRAHAMWE

UMUTWE na/cyangwa IZINA RY’ISHYIRAHAMWE


URUPAPURO RWUZUZWAHO UKO IKIBAZO GIKURIKIRANWA N° y’idosiye : __________
Itariki : .................................................. Isaha ikiganiro cyatangiriyeho : .....................................................

1. IBIREBA UFASHWA MU BY’AMATEGEKO & IBYAVUZWE UBUSHIZE


Amazina : ......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Inimero y’irangamuntu : .......................................................................... Telefoni : ......................................................................
Umuhagarariye (niba ari ngombwa) :..............................................................................................................................................
Itariki ikiganiro cy’ubushize cyabereyeho : .................................................................................................................................
Izina ry’umufasha mu by’amategeko/ umunyamategeko : ..................................................................................................
Ayandi makuru : ........................................................................................................................................................................................

2. INCAMAKE Y’IBYAVUZWE UBUSHIZE


...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................

3. UKO IBINTU BIHAGAZE UHEREYE UBUSHIZE


Ibyo ufashwa mu by’amategeko yakoze mu gukurikirana ikibazo :
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Ibyo ishyirahamwe ryakoze :


..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Urupapuro rw’umufashwa mu by’amategeko rwuzuzwaho uko ikibazo gikurikiranwa LAF 03/008 – Rwateguwe ku
bufatanye n’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga ubufasha mu by’Amategeko

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 59
IMIGEREKA

N° y’idosiye : _____________

4. IBIZAKORWA UBUTAHA
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................

5. IBYEREKEYE UMUFASHA MU BY’AMATEGEKO / UMUNYAMATEGEKO


Amazina y’umufasha mu by’amategeko / Umunyamategeko : ...............................................Telefoni : ......................
Isaha ikiganiro kirangiriyeho : .......................................................................................
Umukono : ................................................................................................................................

Urupapuro rw’umufashwa mu by’amategeko rwuzuzwaho uko ikibazo gikurikiranwa LAF 03/008 – Rwateguwe ku
bufatanye n’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga ubufasha mu by’Amategeko

60 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IMIGEREKA

Umugereka wa 6: Urupapuro rw’Ufashwa mu by’Amategeko rujyanye


no kwimura ikibazo

IKIRANGO
CY’ISHYIRAHAMWE

UMUTWE na/cyangwa IZINA RY’ISHYIRAHAMWE


URUPAPURO RW’UFASHWA MU BY’AMATEGEKO RUJYANYE NO KWIMURA IKIBAZO

Itariki yo kwimuriraho ikibazo : ................................................................... N° y’idosiye : __________

1. IBYO UMUNTU AKENERA KUMENYA


Urwego ufashwa mu by’amategeko yoherejwemo : .................................................................................................................
Amazina y’ufashwa mu by’amategeko : .........................................................................................................................................
Inimero y’irangamuntu : ........................................................................................................................................................................
Aho atuye ubu (Akarere, Umurenge, Akagari, Umudugudu) : ........................................................................................
Umuhagarariye (niba ari ngombwa) : ............................................................................................................................................

2. UBWOKO BW’IKIBAZO
Mpanabyaha Mbonezamubano Ubucuruzi Ubutegetsi Umurimo
Mbonezamubano : Ubutaka Umuryango Izungura Ubwishingizi Ibindi ...............................
Mpanabyaha : Ubujura Ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina Ubushotoranyi Ibyaha bya
jenoside Ibindi ...................................................................
Ibyerekeye ubutegetsi / Ubucuruzi (sobanura) : ......................................................................................................................

3. IMPAMVU ZO KWIMURA IKIBAZO


Ntigihuye n’ubushobozi bw’ishyirahamwe
Ntigihuye n’inshingano z’ishyirahamwe
Cyohererejwe umwavoka cyangwa umudefanseri
Ishyirahamwe ntabushobozi rifite ubu
Hasanzweho amasezerano yo guhererekanya ibibazo hagati y’ayo mashyirahamwe
Ibindi (sobanura) : ..............................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................

4. IBYEREKEYE UMUFASHA MU BY’AMATEGEKO / UMUNYAMATEGEKO


Amazina y’umufasha mu by’amategeko / Umunyamategeko : .........................................................................................
Aho abarizwa : ..................................................................................... Telefoni : .................................................................................
Umukono : .............................................................................................
Izina n’umukono by’umuyobozi (niba ari ngombwa): ..........................................................................................................

Urupuro rw’umufashwa mu by’amategeko rujyanye no kwimura urubanza LAF 04/008 – Rwateguwe ku bufatanye
n’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga ubufasha mu by’Amategeko

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 61
IMIGEREKA

Umugereka wa 7: Urupapuro rw’ufashwa mu by’Amategeko:


Ibisobanuro by’umugereka

IKIRANGO
CY’ISHYIRAHAMWE

UMUTWE na/cyangwa IZINA RY’ISHYIRAHAMWE


IBISOBANURO BY’UMUGEREKA N° y’idosiye : _____________
Itariki : ..........................................

1. IBYEREKEYE UFASHWA MU BY’AMATEGEKO & IBYAVUZWE UBUSHIZE


Amazina : .......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Inimero y’irangamuntu : ................................................................. Telefoni : ..............................................................................
Uhagarariye ufashwa mu by’amategeko (niba ari ngombwa) : .........................................................................................
Izina ry’umufasha mu by’amategeko / Umunyamategeko : ................................................................................................

2. IBISOBANURO BY’UMUGEREKA
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Ibisobanuro by’umugereka LAF 02/008 – Byateguwe ku bufatanye n’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga ubufasha mu
by’Amategeko

62 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IMIGEREKA

Umugereka wa 8: Icyitegererezo cy’ibaruwa umufasha mu


by’amategeko yandikiye inzego z’ibanze
cyangwa ibigo

............................................ (Izina ry’umuryango ukorana na wo) Gatsibo, kuwa ...............


Intara : Iburasirazuba
Akarere : Gatsibo

Bwana Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa


Rwimbogo
Akarere ka Gatsibo

Impamvu : Gusaba kurangiza


urubanza n° RC047/50/2008

Bwana Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa,

Tumaze kwakira ikibazo twagejejweho na Nyirabyatsi Flora waburanye n’uwitwa


Seruntaga Alphonse mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Ngarama ku bijyanye n’umutungo uri
mu Murenge wa Rwimbogo, Akagari ka Munini, Nyirabyatsi Flora yasigiwe n’ababyeyi
be ubu bitabye Imana.

Tumaze kubona ko Nyirabyatsi yatsinze urwo rubanza rufite numero yavuzwe


haruguru ku wa 11 Kanama 2008, maze Urukiko rutegeka Seruntaga kumusubiza
umutungo we.

Tumaze kubona ko urwo rubanza rutarangijwe ku bushake, twifuzaga kubasaba


ko mwarangiza urwo rubanza (murebe ku mugereka w’iyi baruwa matolewa n’icyemezo
cy’irangiza-rubanza) nk’uko ingingo ya 3 y’Iteka rya Minisitiri n° 114/11 ryo kuwa
03/08/2006 ibibahera ubwo ububasha.

Tubaye tubashimiye ubwitange muhora mugaragaza mu gukemura ibibazo by’abaturage


n’ubufatanye mudahwema kugaragariza umuryango ................................................................. (izina
ry’umuryango akorana na wo).

Nyiransabimana Sylvia
Umufasha mu by’amategeko wa ................................................................
(andika izina ry’umuryango akorana na wo)

N.B: Amazina yarahinduwe ku mpamvu zo kugira ibanga.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 63
IMIGEREKA

Umugereka wa 9: Icyitegererezo cy’urupapuro


rw’imyanzuro

URUPAPURO RW’IMYANZURO

DOSIYE N° ................... (Niba izwi)

I – IMYIRONDORO Y’ABABURANYI

UREGA: .............................................................................................................................................................................
Mwene ............................................................................................................................................ (izina rya se) na
............................................................................................................................................................. (izina rya nyina)

Wavutse kuwa ................................................................aho yavukiye ...................................................................


Atuye mu Mudugudu wa ............................................................ Akagari ka.....................................................
Umurenge wa............................................................................. Akarere ka.............................................................
Intara ya.........................................................................................,

UREGWA: .........................................................................................................................................................................
Mwene ............................................................................................................................................. izina rya se) na

............................................................................................................................................................... izina rya nyina)

Wavutse kuwa ...............................................................aho yavukiye ....................................................................


Atuye mu Mudugudu wa ........................................................ Akagari ka.........................................................
Umurenge wa.................................................................. Akarere ka........................................................................
Intara ya ....................................................................................................,

IKIBURANWA:

URUKIKO RWAREGEWE:

64 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IMIGEREKA

II – UKO IKIBAZO GITEYE

III – IBYO AMATEGEKO ATEGANYA (icyitonderwa: kubahiriza ubusumbane


bw’amategeko)

IV – ICYO URUKIKO RUSABWA CYIHARIYE

Urugero:
• Kwakira ikirego no kwemeza ko ikirego gifite ishingiro
• Kwemeza ko nsinze kandi ko uwo tuburana atsinzwe
• Guherereza amagarama y’urubanza ku wo tuburana
• Gutegeka uwo tuburana kuriha ....................................................................................................................
(icyitonderwa: erekana neza ibyo usaba)

Muzaba mwubahirije ubutabera

Amazina y’uwo imyanzuro yateguriwe:

...............................................................................................

Bikorewe .........................................................................
Itariki.................................................................................
Umukono .......................................................................

Icyitonderwa: Shyiraho umugereka werekana ibimenyetso bishimangira ingingo zawe

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 65
66
IKIRANGANTEGO
CY’UMURYANGO

N° ya Izina Aho aturutse: Igitsina Imyaka Yarasha- Imiterere Itariki ikibazo Imiterere Izina ry’umuryango Uko ikibazo Izina ry’ubi-
dosiye ry’umuge- umugi/ tse cyangwa y’ikibazo cyakiriweho ya serivisi cyangwa imiryango kigenda shinzwe
nerwabiko- icyaro ni ingaragu bwa mbere yatanzwe ikibazo cyimuriwemo gikemuka
rwa

Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009


IMIGEREKA

Imbonerahamwe y’Ikibazo mu ncamake, LAF 01/009 – Ibikoresho byateguwe ku bufatanye bw’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga ubufasha mu by’Amategeko
Umugereka wa 10: Imbonerahamwe y’ikibazo mu ncamake

• Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko


IKIRANGANTEGO
CY’UMURYANGO

Numero ya Numero y’ishyinguranyandiko Itariki y’ishyinguranyandiko Imiterere y’ikibazo Impamvu y’ishyinguranyandiko Izina ry’ubishinzwe
dosiye

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko


IMIGEREKA

Umugereka wa 11: Urupapuro rwo gushyingura

Urupapuro rw’ishyinguranyandiko, LAF 02/009 – Ibikoresho byateguwe ku bufatanye bw’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga ubufasha mu by’Amategeko

• Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009


67
Ibyerekeranye n’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga
Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko
Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko - Legal Aid Forum / Forum
d’Aide Juridique – ni isangano rihurirwaho n’imiryango mirongo itatu n’itatu (33)
itanga serivisi z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko ku Banyarwanda batishoboye, cyangwa itera
inkunga abatanga ubufasha mu by’amategeko mu Rwanda.

Iyo miryango irimo ibyiciro bikurikira:


w Imiryango nyarwanda itegamiye kuri Leta cyangwa amashyirahamwe aharanira
inyungu z’abakozi (21) n’Imiryango mpuzamahanga itegamiye kuri Leta
n’Imiryango mpuzamahanga idaharanira inyungu (6);
w Urugaga rw’Abavoka & Urugaga rw’Abunganizi mu nkiko;
w Ibigo ngishwanama mu by’amategeko bya za Kaminuza (4).

Ihuriro rigengwa n’amategeko yemejwe n’abanyamuryango kuwa 12 Gicurasi 2009,


ayo mategeko akaba yaravuguruye ay’ikubitiro yari yaremejwe kuwa 26 Ukwakira
2006. Komite Nyobozi igizwe n’abahagarariye imiryango icyenda (9) yatorewe manda
y’imyaka ibiri. Ikigo ngishwanama mu by’amategeko cya INILAK, Perezida naho FACT
Rwanda, Perezida wungirije kuva mu 2009.

ICYEREKEZO, UBUTUMWA N’INTEGO


Icyerekezo : Gufasha abantu bose kugera ku butabera nyakuri.

Ubutumwa: Kurushaho gufasha abaturage batishoboye kubona ubutabera nyakuri binyuze


mu kubagezaho ibikorwa by’ubufasha mu by’amategeko bifatika kandi bizira inenge.

Intego:
w Guteza imbere ubufatanye n’ubwuzuzanye hagati y’ibikorwa n’abakora mu rwego
rw’ubufasha mu by’amategeko no kugeza abantu ku butabera;
w Kurushaho kunoza ubwiza n’uburyo bwo gushyikiriza abantu serivisi z’ubufasha
mu by’amategeko;
w Kongera ubushobozi bw’abakora mu rwego rw’ubufasha mu by’amategeko;
w Gushyira ahagaragara no gutangira ubushakashatsi n’ubuvugizi ku bibazo
byerekeranye n’amategeko bigira ingaruka ku batishoboye mu Rwanda;
w Gutanga umusanzu mu guteza imbere urwego rw’ubufasha mu by’amategeko
rukora neza kandi rurambye mu Rwanda;

68 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IBYEREKERANYE N’IHURIRO RY’IMIRYANGO ITANGA UBUFASHA MU BY’AMATEGEKO

w Guhuriza hamwe amikoro n’inkunga ya tekiniki hagamijwe guteza imbere ubufasha


mu by’amategeko.

KUMVA NEZA UBUFASHA MU BY’AMATEGEKO


Imyumvire migari ishingiye ku gitekerezo cy’Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko mu gishushanyo
cy’impande eshatu n’itangwa rya serivisi ku buntu cyangwa zishingiye ku nkunga yatanzwe
yemejwe nk’insobanurangingo:

Kuburanira abantu

Inama /Ubuhuza

Amakuru / Kwigisha

MPANDESHATU Z’UBUFASHA MU BY’AMATEGEKO

IMITERERE

ISHYIRWAHO RY’UBURYO BWO MINISITERI


GUTERA IMISHINGA INKUNGA Y’UBUTABERA

Abanyamuryango basaba ko imishinga Kungurana ibitekerezo /


yabo iterwa inkunga, bamwe ku giti cyabo amakuru / igenamigambi /
cyangwa bishyize hamwe ubuvugizi

IHURIRO RY’IMIRYANGO ITANGA


UBUFASHA MU BY’AMATEGEKO

KOMITE NYOBOZI
2009 - 2010: Adepe, Avega, Coporwa, Urugaga
INTEKO RUSANGE rw’Abunganizi mu Nkiko, Dufatanye Network, Fact
Urwego rukuru rw’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Rwanda, IJM, RCN Justice & Democracy na INILAK –
itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko Ikigo ngishwanama mu by’Amategeko

UBUNYAMABANGA
KOMITE Guhuza abanyamuryango, inkunga y’ibikoresho n’iya
Y’ABAGENZUZI tekiniki, ibitabo, igenamigambi etc.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 69
IBYEREKERANYE N’IHURIRO RY’IMIRYANGO ITANGA UBUFASHA MU BY’AMATEGEKO

IBYAKOZWE N’IBITEGANYIJWE MU MYAKA YA 2007-2010


Hashingiwe ku byagaragajwe n’Ubushakashatsi bw’ibanze bwakozwe ku Bufasha mu
by’Amategeko1, Ihuriro ry’Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko ririmo gushyira mu bikorwa
imishinga n’ibindi bikorwa binyuranye. Ibyo byakusanyirizwa mu bikorwa 4 by’ingenzi
ari byo:

ICYA MBERE Kubaho kw’Ihuriro ry’Ubufasha mu by’amategeko rikora kandi rizaramba.


ICYA II Abatanga ubufasha mu by’amategeko bafite ubumenyingiro n’ubushobozi
bwo guha abaturage bakennye n’abatishoboye serivisi z’ubufasha mu
by’amategeko nziza kandi bashobora kwishyikiraho.
ICYA III Hakozwe kandi hagaragazwa ubushakashatsi n’isesengura mu rwego
rwo gukora ubuvugizi ku ivugururwa ry’Urwego rw’ubufasha mu
by’amategeko no gukurikirana ibigenda bihinduka.
ICYA IV Serivisi z’Ubufasha mu by’amategeko zihabwa abaturage bakennye
n’abatishoboye binyuze mu mishinga y’icyitegererezo ishingiye ku
nsanganyamatsiko runaka no ku turere runaka.

Mu byagezweho by’ingenzi n’ibindi birimo gukorwa harimo:

1. Ubushakashatsi bw’ibanze mu gihugu cyose ku Bufasha mu by’Amategeko


bwakozwe ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y’Ubutabera, bwarangiye muri Mutarama
2007;

2. Gukorana n’akanama ka Minisiteri y’Ubutabera gashinzwe ubufasha mu


by’amategeko mu mwaka wose wa 2007 hagamijwe gusesengura no gutanga
imyanzuro ku buryo ubufasha mu by’amategeko bwakorwa neza ku rwego
rw’igihugu2 ;

3. Kugira uruhare mu kwimakaza Ubutabera buboneye, Ubwiyunge, Amategeko


n’Umudendezo rusange mu rwego rwa Gahunda y’Imbaturabukungu (EDPRS)
no gukurikirana indangacyerekezo z’ingenzi;

4. Itangizwa ry’Akanyamakuru muri Nyakanga 2007;

5. Gutegura muri 2008-09 no gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo by’ishyinguranyandiko


n’ikurikiranabikorwa by’abatanga ubufasha mu by’amategeko mu itsinda
ry’icyitegererezo ry’Abatanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko;

6. Gutegura Imbumbanyigisho y’Abatanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko izatangizwa


mu Ugushyingo 2009;

1 ‘Kubaka umusingi wo kugera ku Butabera mu Rwanda – Raporo y’Ubushakashatsi bw’ibanze ku Bufasha


mu by’Amategeko n’Isesengura ry’ibikenewe’ – ku bufatanye bwa Komite Nyobozi y’Ihuriro ry’Ubufasha mu
by’Amategeko ne Minisiteri y’Ubutabera – Sendugwa Gilbert, Havugiyaremye Aimable, Mutarama 2007.
2 Ako Kanama kagizwe na Minisiteri y’Ubutabera, ‘Maison d’accès à la Justice’ (Access to Justice Bureau),
Urugaga rw’Abavoka, Ihuriro ry’Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko (Perezida n’Ubunyamabanga), Umuryango
wita ku burenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu wo muri Denmark n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye wita ku Iteram-
bere, UNDP/PNUD.

70 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IBYEREKERANYE N’IHURIRO RY’IMIRYANGO ITANGA UBUFASHA MU BY’AMATEGEKO

7. Umushinga w’ubushakashatsi mu mwaka wa 2009 kuri locus standi na amicus


curiae;

8. Gutegura no gukoresha mu mwaka wa 2009 Icyumweru cy’Ubufasha mu


by’amategeko mu Rwanda – Igikorwa kiyobowe na Minisiteri y’Ubutabera
ifatanyije n’Ihuriro ry’Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko;

9. Kuva muri Gicurasi 2008, imishinga y’icyitegererezo itanga serivisi z’ubufasha


mu by’amategeko ku rwego rw’ibanze3 ;

10. Ingendoshuri, ‘stages’ zo kwimenyereza no guhana abakozi n’imiryango ikorera


mu bihugu byo mu karere (nka Kenya, Malawi, Afurika y’Epfo, Tanzaniya, na
Uganda).

USHAKA IBINDI BISOBANURO


YABARIZA AHA HAKURIKIRA:
Ubunyamabanga bw’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango
Itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko:
Kimihurura – Agasanduka k’iposita 5225,
Kigali – Rwanda
Umuhuzabikorwa w’Ubunyamabanga: (+250) 078 830 7174 -
e-mail: legalaidrwanda@gmail.com

3 Imishinga itatu yakozwe mu mwaka wa 2008: 1/‘Ubufasha mu by’amategeko n’inkunga ku bikorwa by’inzego
z’ibanze mu gufasha urubyiruko rutishoboye kugera ku butabera, byakozwe n’Umuryango Adepe mu Kar-
ere ka Rubavu, 2/’Ubufasha mu by’amategeko buhabwa abana n’urubyiruko bakurikiranyweho ibyaha
by’urugomo’ byakozwe n’umuryango Ajprodho mu Turere twa Karongi na Rutsiro, 3/‘Umushinga wo ku-
gira abaturage inama mu by’amategeko’ washyizweho na INILAK ifatanyije n’Umuryango ‘Human Rights
First’ wita ku burenganzira bwa muntu mu Turere twa Kamonyi na Kicukiro– iyo mishinga irakomeza mu
mwaka wa 2009 hamwe n’indi ine yiyongereyeho, ari yo: 1/ ‘Ubufasha mu by’amategeko buhabwa abakozi
batishoboye bakora mu mirima y’ibyayi no mu bwubatsi mu Turere twa Gicumbi na Rulindo no mu Mujyi
wa Kigali’ bikorwa na Cestrar; 2/ ‘Uruhare rw’abaturage mu kurwanya Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina no
gufasha mu by’amategeko abahohotewe mu Karere ka Karongi ho mu Burengerazuba’ bikorwa n’umuryango
‘Fact Rwanda’; 3/ ‘Kugira inama mu by’amategeko no guhagararira mu nkiko abanyururu bo muri gereza za
Nsinda na Kibungo’ bikorwa n’umuryango ADL ufatanyije n’Urugaga rw’Abunganizi mu Nkiko; 4/ ‘Kugira
inama mu by’amategeko no guhagararira mu nkiko abantu batishoboye, nk’abapfakazi n’imfubyi’ bikorwa
n’Urugaga rw’Abunganizi mu Nkiko; mu mwaka wa 2009 imishinga yose irimo gushyirwa mu bikorwa ni
irindwi.

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 71
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72 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
IBYO USHAKA KWANDIKAHO BYAWE BWITE

Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko • Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 73
Byateguwe na:
The Legal Aid Forum – Forum d’Aide Juridique
Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko
Kimihurura – B.P. 5225, Kigali – Rwanda
E-mail: legalaidrwanda@gmail.com
Telefoni igendanwa: (+250) 078 830 7174

74 Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko–Rwanda, 2009 • Imbumbanyigisho y’Amasomo y’Abafasha mu by’Amategeko
Ushaka ibindi bisobanuro yabariza aha hakurikira:
The Legal Aid Forum – Forum d’Aide Juridique
Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itanga Ubufasha mu by’Amategeko
Kimihurura – B.P. 5225, Kigali – Rwanda
E-mail: legalaidrwanda@gmail.com
Telefoni igendanwa: (+250) 078 830 7174

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