hwVHI AMk

pMjwb dIAW &slW

leI is&wrSW
hwVHI 2015-16
ijld 32 sqMbr 2015 nM: 2

pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI

luiDAwxw
 pMjwb dIAW &slW leI is&wrSW, hwVHI 2015-16, fwierYktr Koj, pMjwb AYgrIklcrl
XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw dI shwieqw nwl v`K-v`K ivBwgW dy mwihrW duAwrw pRvwixq is&wrSW
Anuswr iqAwr kIqI geI hY [ ies pusqk iv`c Anwj dIAW &slW, dwlW, qyl bIjW, kuJ hor
&slW Aqy cwry dw vDyry JwV pRwpq krn leI 27-28 Agsq, 2015 nUM KyqI ivigAwnIAW Aqy
pswr mwihrW dI rwj p`DrI goStI dOrwn ivcwry gey nvyN FMgW dw vyrvw id`qw igAw hY [ ieh
ikqwb bhuq srl qy swdI BwSw iv`c ilKI geI hY qW ik pMjwb dy ikswn Aqy pswr is`iKAw
kwmy ies qoN v`D qoN v`D lwB auTw skx [

sMkilq krqw, Anuvwdk Aqy sMpwdk

fw. dIdwr isMG B`tI
AYsosIeyt fwierYtkr pswr is`iKAw

ingrwn
fw. rwijMdr isMG is`DU
fwierYktr pswr is`iKAw

kImq iek kwpI 50 rupey

swrI aumr leI cMdw 1000 rupey
sMsQwvW leI sdw leI cMdw 1500 rupey

ieh zrUrI nhIN ik ies pusqk iv`c id`qy ieSiqhwr

pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw dIAW is&wrSW Anuswr hox[

ieh ikqwb kwpI rweIt sur`iKAq hY [ pRkwSk/sMpwdk dI pRvwngI ibnW pRkwSq krn dI AwigAw nhIN hY

Cwpk Aqy pRkwSk, fw. cMdr mohn, AYfISnl fwierYktr (sMcwr) ny pMjwb AYgrIklcrl
XUnIvristI leI ipRMtivzn, luiDAwxw qoN CpvwieAw[

sqMbr, 2015
 qqkrw
1. Anwj vwlIAW &slW ... 1-33
kxk ... 1
jON ... 21
isAwlU m`kI ... 25
bhwr ru`q iv`c m`kI dI kwSq ... 30
2. dwlW vwlIAW &slW ... 34-49
Coly ... 34
msr ... 40
pkwvyN mtr ... 42
grmI ru`q dI mUMgI ... 45
grmI ru`q dy mWh ... 48
3. qyl bIj &slW ... 50-70
qorIAw, rwieAw, srHoN Aqy qwrwmIrw ... 50
AlsI ... 61
ksuMBVw ... 63
sUrjmuKI ... 65
4. kmwd ... 71-91
5. dvweIAW, mswly Aqy sugMDI vwlIAW &slW ... 92-103
krnOlI ... 92
DnIAw ... 94
sON& ... 95
soey ... 96
hnI plWt ... 97
myQy ... 99
jpwnI pudInw (mYNQw) ... 100
6. cwry dIAW &slW .. 104-95
brsIm ... 104
S&ql ... 108
lUsx ... 110
jvI ... 112
rweI Gwh ... 114
 syNjI ... 115
cwry dw Awcwr bnwauxw ... 116
sukwieAw hoieAw cwrw ... 117

7. sYlInIAm dw zihrIlwpn Aqy ies dw ielwj ... 118

8. im`tI prK .. 119
9. lUxy qy Kwry pwxIAW dI isMcweI leI suc`jI vrqoN ... 123
10. pOd iksm Aqy ikswn AiDkwr sur`iKAw AYkt-2001 ... 125
11. jYivk KyqI ... 129
12. bhu-&slI pRxwlI ... 136
13. ndInW dI rokQwm leI zrUrI nukqy ... 140
14. cUihAW Aqy pMCIAW dI rokQwm ... 145
15. Sihd dIAW m`KIAW pwlxw ... 150
AMiqkw 1 qoN 10 ... 160-195
AMiqkw-1 v`K-v`K &slW dy G`to G`t smrQn mu`l ... 160
AMiqkw-1(a) hwVHI 2013-14 dOrwn v`K-v`K &slW dI ... 161
pYdwvwr dy AMiqm Anumwn
AMiqkw-2 buinAwdI qy qsdIkSudw bIjW dI pRmwixqw dy imAwr ... 165
2(a) qsdIkSudw qy buinAwdI bIj iqAwr krn dy imAwr ... 166
AMiqkw 3 KyqI ieMjnIAirMg ... 167
AMiqkw 4 nweItRojn, &ws&ors, potwS Aqy hor q`qW dI ... 177
pRwpqI leI Kwd somy
AMiqkw 5 gudwmW iv`c r`Ky gey dwixAW dy kIiVAW dI rokQwm ... 179
AMiqkw 6 KyqI dOrwn vwprn vwly hwdsy Aqy auhnW dy aupwA ... 182
AMiqkw 7 KyqI iv`c vrqIAW jwx vwlIAW v`K-v`K zihrW dw mnu`KI ... 186
srIr iv`coN Asr Gtwaux leI dvweIAW (AYNtIfots)
AMiqkw 8 pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI dy pOidAW dy hspqwl ... 191
iv`c ibmwr bUitAW dy nmUny Byjx leI Pwrm
AMiqkw 9 pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw ... 192
dy kuJ mh`qvpUrn tYlIPon nMbrW dI sUcI
 cyqwvnI

&slW dy kIVy, ibmwrIAW Aqy ndInW dI rokQwm leI vrqIAW jWdIAW dvweIAW mnu`K leI zihrW
hn [ ies leI ikswnW nUM ieh hdwieq kIqI jWdI hY ik ienHW dvweIAW (rswiexW) dI vrqoN swvDwnI
nwl krn qW ik mnu`KI ishq au~qy ienHW dw koeI mwVw Asr nw pvy[ ienHW dvweIAW dI sur`iKAq vrqoN
leI dyKo AMiqkw 6, jo ik ies pusqk dy AKIr iv`c id`qI geI hY [

not :
1. kIVymwr zihrW sbMDI jwxkwrI dyx l`igAW aus dvweI Aqy swjo-swmwn dy qjwrqI nW id`qy jWdy
hn [ ies nUM KrIdx sbMDI koeI is&wrS nw smiJAw jwvy [
2. v`K-v`K kIiVAW qy ibmwrIAW dI rokQwm leI vrqy jWdy spry pdwrQW dI mwqrw ip`TU pMp rwhIN
iCVkI dvweI dy AwDwr qy id`qI jWdI hY [ ienHW pMpW iv`c KoKlI, iqkonI nozl l`gI huMdI hY, vrqI
jWdI hY [ spry pdwrQ dI mwqrw v`K-v`K pMpW qy nozlW leI v`K-v`K ho skdI hY [
3. ies g`l dw ^ws iDAwn r`Kx dI loV hY ik is&wrSW dI ikqwb iv`c id`qI iksy rswiex dI mwqrw
iksy qrHW vI bdlxI nhIN cwhIdI [ ndInW au~qy kwbU pwaux leI ieh hmySw zrUrI hovygw ik Pl`f
jY~t jW &lYt&Yn nozlW vrqIAW jwx [
4. AYNfoslPwn 35 eI.sI. dI vrqoN dI is&wirS mwnXog suprIm kort dw &Yslw Awaux q`k nhIN kIqI
jWdI [

zrUrI sUcnw
v`Ko v`KrIAW &slW iv`c kIVy Aqy ibmwrIAW dI rokQwm leI is&wrS ku`J rswiexW
au~pr stwr (*) dw inSwn id`qw igAw hY[ ieh rswiex hrI iqkox vwly hn [
iehnW dy zihrIly AMS vwqwvrn iv`c izAwdw dyr q`k nhIN Tihrdy [

Aiq zrUrI sUcnw

ies pusqk iv`c id`qI geI v`K-v`K &slW dI kwSq leI is&wrSW
bwry jwxkwrI q`d hI FukvIN hY jykr ies nUM AnukUl hwlqW iv`c
ApxwieAw jwvy[ ienHW dy nqIijAW iv`c smyN nwl keI kwrnW krky
kmI Aw skdI hY jW pRbMDW iv`c &rk hox nwl vI nqIijAW iv`c &rk
pY skdw hY [ is&wrSW dy duraupXog/lwprvwhI nwl nukswn ho skdw
hY jW mwVy nqIjy ho skdy hn [ ies sbMDI ivvwd dw AiDkwr-Kyqr
isr& luiDAwxw hY[
hyT ilKIAW pOd-sur`iKAw leI vrqIAW jWdIAW zihrW dy pRXog qy pwbMdI lgweI geI hY jW
vrqx leI kuJ SrqW hn [
a. zihrW, ijnHW dy vrqx leI kuJ SrqW hn :
lVI zihr dw nW SrqW
nM.
1. AYlumInIAm &wsPweIf ieh zihr isr& srkwrI AdwirAW Aqy srkwrI mwihrW nUM hI vycI jwvygI[
2. fI fI tI isr& pbilk hYlQ leI [
3. mIQOksIeIQweIl --
mrikaUirk klorweIf
4. mIQwielbromweIf ies dI vrqoN vI srkwrI Adwry Aqy srkwrI mwihr hI kr skdw hY [
5. sofIAm swienweIf ies dI vrqoN kpwh dIAW gMFW nUM DUxI dyx leI Bwrq srkwr dy pOd sur`iKAw
slwhkwr hI kr skdy hn [
6. ilMfyn isr& &slW dy kIVy-mkOiVAW dI rokQwm leI vrqI jwvy [
7. mIQweIl pYrwQIAwn isr& aunHW &slW auqy vrqI jwvy, ijnHW auqy mDU m`KIAW pRwgx ikirAw nw
krdIAW hox [
8. monk
o rotP
o ws sbzIAW au~pr nhIN vrqxI [
9. PYniQEn isrP it`fI dl rokx leI [ KyqI leI nhIN vrqxI [
A. KyqI ivc vrqoN leI pwbMdI l`gIAW zihrW :
lVI nM. zihr dw nW lVI nM. zihr dw nW
1. AYlfIkwrb 16. hYptwklor
2. AYlfirn 17. mYilk hweIfRwzweIf
3. bI AYc sI (AYc sI AYc) 18. mYnwzon
4. kYlSIAm swienweIf 19. inkotIn sl&yt
5. kYptw&ol 20. nweItRo&n
Y
6. klorobYNzIlyt 21. pYrwkuiet-fweI-mIQweIl sl&yt
7. klorfyn 22. pYNtwkloro nweItRobYnzIn (pI sI AYn bI)
8. kOpr AYsItoAwrsynweIt 23. pYNtwklorPInol (pI sI pI)
9. fweIbromokloropropn
y (fI bI sI pI) 24. iPnweIl mrkrI AYsItyt (pI AYm ey)
10. fI fI tI 25. sofIAm mIQyn Awrsont
y
11. fweIAYlfirn 26. tRweIkloro AYisitk eyisf (tI sI ey)
12. AYNfirn 27. tYtrwfweI&on
13. ieQIlIn fweIbromweIf 28. tOkswPIn
14. eIQweIl mrkrI klorweIf 29. mItoksXUron
15. eIQweIl pYrwiQAwn 30. kloroPYnivnPws

e. pwbMdI l`gIAW zihrW :

1. mIQomweIl 24% AYl 3. &wsPwmIfwn 85% AYl
2. mIQomweIl 12.5% AYl 4. kwrboPUrwn 50% AYs pI
 kItnwSk, ndInnwSk Aqy au~lInwSk ijnHW dw lybl klym nhI hY
&sl kItnwSk ndInnwSk au~lInwSk
kxk klorpweIrIPws 20 eI sI trweIPlUrwiln 48 eI sI kYptwn kYptwn 50%
iPproinl 5% AYs sI kYrwQyn 40 eI sI fweInokYp 40%
iemIfwklopirf17.8 AYs AYl
kloQIAwnIifn 50 fblXU fI jI
fwiemYQoeyt 30 eI sI
AwksIfYymytn mIQweIl 25 eI sI
*jON 2,4-fI sofIAm swlt (80%)
jW 2,4-fI eIQweIl AYstr
(38%)
mYtwslPUron 20 fblXU pI
AweIsoprotoron 75 fblXU pI
klofInwPop 15 fblXU pI
trweIPlUrwiln 48 eI sI
PInokswprop-pI-eIQweIl 10
eI sI
isAwlU bwivstn/fYroisl/ kwrbNYfwizm 50%
m`kI AYgroizm 50 fblXuU
pI
bhwr ruq` kwrboiPaUrn
o 3 jI bwivstn/fYroisl/ kwrbNYfwizm 50%
dI m`kI AYgroizm 50 fblXuU
pI
*Coly ieMfokswkwrb 14.5 AYs sI trweIPlUrwiln 48 eI sI kYptwn jW kYptwP kYptwn 50%
spweInosYf 45 AYs sI pYNfImYQwiln 30 eI sI bwivstn kwrbNYfwizm 50%
PYnvlryt 20 eI sI kvc kloroQwloinl 75%
fYltwmYQirn 2.8 eI sI ieMfoiPl AYm-45 mYnkojyb 75%
sweIprmYQirn 25 eI sI rovrwl Awieprofwieaun
mYlwQIAwn 5% fI 50%
*msr kwrbirl 50 fblXU pI trweIPlUrwiln 48 eI sI kYptwn kYptwn 50%
pYNfImYQwiln 30 eI sI
*pkwvyN fwiemYQoeyt 30 eI sI pYNfImYQwiln 30 eI sI kYptwn kYptwn 50%
mtr kwrbirl 50 fblXU pI kYrwQyn 40 eI sI fweInokYp 40%
klorpweIrIPws 20 eI sI ieMfoiPl AYm-45 mYnkojyb 75%
AYsIPyt 75 AYs pI
*grmI r`uq trweIzoPws 40 eI sI pYNfImYQwiln 30 eI sI kYptwn kYptwn 50%
dI mUMgI fwiemYQoeyt 30 eI sI PlUklorwiln 48 eI sI QIrm

mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI
AwksIfYmyton mIQweIl 25 eI sI
spweInosYf 45 AYs sI
ieMfokswkwrb 14.5 AYs sI
AYsIPyt 75 AYs pI
novwlUrwn 10 eI sI
AYsIPyt 75 AYs pI
klorpweIrIPws 20 eI sI
qorIAw, mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI skor fweIPYnkonwjol 25%
rwieAw, mYlwQIAwn 5% fI ieMfoiPl AYm-45 mYnkojYb 75%
sroHN Aqy
qwrwmIrw blweItOks kopr AwksIklorweIf
50%
*AlsI kwrbirl 50 fblXU pI AweIsoprotoron 75 fblXU pI ieMfoiPl jYf -78 jInyb 75%
mYlwQIAwn 50 fblXU pI
*ksuMBVw monokrotoPos 36 AYs AYl pYNfImYQwiln 30 eI sI
klorpweIrIPws 20 eI sI
*sUrjmuKI klorpweIrIPws 20 eI sI pYNfImYQwiln 30 eI sI QIrm
fweIslPweIf 75%
kwrbirl 50 fblXU pI ieMfoiPl AYm-45 mYnkojYb 75%
AYsIPyt 75 AYs pI
*krnOlI mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI
*myQy mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI kYrwQyn fweInokYp 40%
fwiemYQoeyt 30 eI sI ieMfoiPl mYnkojYb 75%
AwksIfymyton-mIQweIl 25 eI sI
*jpwnI kloorpweIrIPws 20 eI sI AwksIPloriPn 23.5 eI sI bwivstn kwrbNYNfwizm 50%
pudInw fwiemYQoeyt 30 eI sI fweIXUrn
o 80 fblXU pI
(mYNQw)
AwksIfymyton-mIQweIl 25 eI sI AweIsoprotoron 75 fblXU pI
kwrbirl 50 fblXU pI pYNfImYQwiln 30 eI sI
kuienlPws 25 eI sI
*brsIm mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI PlUkloriln 45 eI sI bwivstn/fYroisl/ kwrbNYfwizm 50%
klorAYNtrwnIlIprol 18.5 AYs AYl AYgroijm/jy.ky. sitn
ieMfokswkwrb 15.8 AYs AYl
spweInosYf 48 AYs sI
*lUsx kwrbirl 50 fblXU pI
mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI
*jvI vItwvYks kwrbokisn 75%
*qorIAw trweIPlUrwiln 48 eI sI
*rwieAw AweIsoprotoron 75 fblXU pI
trweIPlUrwiln 48 eI sI
*goBI AweIsoprotoron 75 fblXU pI
sroHN Aqy PlUklorwiln 45 eI sI
AmrIkx
sroNH trweIPlUrwiln 48 eI sI
AYtrwjIn 50 fblXU pI
(isrP jI AYs AYl-2 leI)
*grmI r`uq pYNfImYQwiln 30 eI sI
dy mWh
*bhwr ru`q mYtrIbUijn 70 fblXU pI
dw gMnw AYtrwjweIn 50 fblXU pI
*sI AweI bI dy lybl klym dy sbMD iv`c koeI jwxkwrI ienHW &slw au~pr aupl`bD nhI hY[
 1. Anwj vwlIAW &slW

kxk
kxk pMjwb iv`c Anwj dI mu`K &sl hY [ ies dI kwSq swl 2013-14 iv`c 35.12 l`K
hYktyAr BUmI iv`c kIqI geI ijs qoN ku`l pYdwvwr 176.2 l`K tn hoeI Aqy ies dw AOsq JwV
50.17 kuieMtl pRqI hYktyAr (20.07 kuieMtl pRqI eykV) irhw [
mOsm : SurU iv`c kxk nUM TMF dI loV huMdI hY Aqy ies smyN izAwdw qwpmwn pOdy dy jwV
mwrn leI AnukUl nhIN huMdw Aqy ies nwl keI ibmwrIAW vI bhuq &YldIAW hn [ bhuq mINh
pYx nwl kuMgI dy PYlx dI sMBwvnw vI v`D jWdI hY [
zmIn : k`lr Aqy sym vwlIAW zmInW qoN ibnW kxk hr iksm dI zmIn iv`c pYYdw kIqI
jw skdI hy [ cMgy jl-inkws vwlI drimAwnI mYrw zmIn ies &sl leI vDIAw smJI jWdI
hY[ vfwxk kxk leI drimAwnI qoN BwrI zmIn FukvIN hY [
&sl c`kr : Jonw-kxk, kpwh-kxk, m`kI-kxk, m`kI/Jonw-AwlU-kxk, mUMgI/Arhr/
mWh-kxk, mUMgPlI-kxk, cwrw-qorIAw-kxk, hrI Kwd-Jonw-kxk, Jonw-mtr-kxk,
soieAwbIn-kxk, grm ru`q dI mUMgPlI-AwlU/qorIAw/mtr/pCyqw swauxI dw cwrw-kxk Aqy
m`kI (Agsq)-kxk-bwjrw cwrw[
au~nq iksmW : iksmW hyT ilKIAW SRyxIAW iv`c vMfIAW geIAW hn :
1. syNjU hwlqW iv`c TIk smyN qy ibjweI leI
pI bI fblXU 677 (2015)* : ieh ie`k bOxI
iksm hY ijs dw AOsq k`d 107 sYNtImItr hY [ is`ty • cMgy JwV leI isPwrS iksmW hI
drimAwny, sMGxy, ksIrW vwly Aqy ic`tIAW GuMfIAW vwly bIjo Aqy ieko iksm hyT swrw
huMdy hn [ dwxy drimAwny moty, SrbqI Aqy s^q huMdy rkbw nw ilAwau [
hn [ ieh iksm pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI dw twkrw krn • pI bI fblXU 677 Aqy AYc fI
dI smrQw r`KdI hY pr kWigAwrI iesnUM l`g skdI hY[ 3086 syNjU hwlqW iv`c smyN isr
ieh iksm qkrIbn 157 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies ibjweI leI nvIAW iksmW hn[
dw AOsq JwV 22.4 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ • ibjweI dy smyN Anuswr iksmW dI
AYc fI 3086 (2015) : ieh ie`k bOxI iksm hY cox kro[
ijs dw AOsq k`d 96 sYNtImItr hY[ is`ty drimAwny, • pwplr hyTW fblXU AYc 1105 nUM
sMGxy, ksIrW vwly Aqy ic`tIAW GuMfIAW vwly huMdy hn[ qrzIh idau [
dwxy drimAwny moty, SrbqI Aqy s^q huMdy hn [ ieh
* pRvwngI swl

1
iksm pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI dw twkrw kr skdI hY pr krnwl bMt qy kWigAwrI iesnUM l`g
skdI hY [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 156 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 23.0 kuieMtl
pRqI eykV hY [
fblXU AYc 1105 (2014) : ieh ie`k bOxI iksm hY ijs dw AOsq k`d 97 sYNtImItr hY [
is`ty drimAwny, sMGxy, ksIrW vwly Aqy ic`tIAW GuMfIAW vwly huMdy hn [ dwxy moty, SrbqI Aqy
s^q huMdy hn [ ieh iksm pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI dw twkrw kr skdI hY[ pr krnwl bMt qy
kWigAwrI ies nUM l`g skdI hY [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 157 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw
AOsq JwV 23.1 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ieh iksm pwplr hyT bIjx leI vI Fu`kvIN hY [
AYc fI 2967 (2011) : ieh ie`k bOxI iksm hY ijs dw AOsq k`d 101 sYNtImItr hY [
ies dIAW BrpUr SwKW Pu`tdIAW hn [ is`ty drimAwny sMGxy, ksIrW vwly Aqy ic`tIAW GuMfIAW
vwly huMdy hn [ dwxy drimAwny moty, SrbqI, s^q Aqy golweI vwly Akwr dy huMdy hn [ ieh
iksm BUrI kuMgI dw twkrw kr skdI hY, pIlI kuMgI dw twkrw G`t krdI hY pr krnwl bMt
qy kWigAwrI ies nUM l`g skdI hY [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 157 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies
dw AOsq JwV 21.4 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI bI fblXU 621 (2011) : ieh ie`k bOxI iksm hY ijs dw AOsq k`d 100 sYNtImItr
hY [ is`ty drimAwny sMGxy, ksIrW vwly Aqy ic`tIAW GuMfIAW vwly huMdy hn [ dwxy drimAwny
moty, SrbqI Aqy sKq huMdy hn [ ieh iksm BUrI kuMgI dw twkrw kr skdI hY, pIlI kuMgI dw
twkrw G`t krdI hY pr krnwl bMt qy kWigAwrI ies nUM l`g skdI hY [ ieh iksm qkrIbn
158 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 21.1 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
fI bI fblXU 17 (2008) : ieh ie`k dohrI bOxI iksm hY ijs dw AOsq k`d 87
sYNtImItr hY [ ies dIAW BrpUr SwKW Pu`tdIAW hn [ is`ty drimAwny sMGxy, ksIrW vwly Aqy
ic`tIAW GuMfIAW vwly huMdy hn [ dwxy drimAwny moty, SrbqI Aqy sKq huMdy hn [ ies iksm nUM
pIlI kuMgI dIAW nvIAW jwqIAW ( ) lg jWdIAW hn Aqy BUrI kuMgI Aqy krnwl bMt G`t
lgdIAW hn[ ieh iksm qkrIbn 155 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 20.0
kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI bI fblXU 550 (2007) : ieh iek dohrI bOxI iksm hY ijs dw AOsq k`d 86
sYNtImItr hY [ is`ty drimAwny sMGxy, ksIrW vwly Aqy ic`tIAW GuMfIAW vwly huMdy hn[ dwxy moty,
SrbqI, s^q Aqy cmkIly huMdy hn [ ies iksm nUM BUrI kuMgI nhIN lgdI Aqy pIlI kuMgI G`t
lgdI hY pr krnwl bMt qy kWigAwrI ies nUM l`g skdI hY [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 146 idnW
iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 20.8 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ (ies iksm dy ibjweI
smyN Aqy bIj dI mwqrw leI kwSq dy au~nq FMg vwlw Bwg dyKo)
pI bI fblXU 502 (2004) : ieh bOxI iksm hY ijsdw AOsq k`d 95 sYNtImItr hY[ ies
dIAW BrpUr SwKW Pu`tdIAW hn[ iesdy is`ty sMGxy huMdy hn [ iesdy dwxy moty, SrbqI Aqy s^q
huMdy hn [ ies iksm nUM pIlI kuMgI dI nvIN iksm l`gdI hY Aqy BUrI kuMgI dw twkrw krn dI
smr`Qw r`KdI hY [ ies nUM krnwl bMt rog G`t l`gdw hY pr kWigAwrI l`g skdI hY [ ieh
iksm 150 idnW ivc p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 19.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
fblXU AYc fI 943 (2011): kxk dI bOxI iksm hY ijs dw AOsq k`d 93 sYNtImItr
hY[ ies dIAW BrpUr SwKW Pu`tdIAW hn [ ies dy p`qy gUVHy hry Aqy is`ty BrvyN, ksIrW vwly lUM
rihq, ic`tIAW GuMfIAW vwly huMdy hn [ ies iksm dy dwxy SrbqI, moty, iekswr cmkIly Aqy
2
G`t pIly D`ibAW vwly huMdy hn [ dwixAW dI kuAwiltI vDIAw Aqy pwsqw pdwrQW leI Fu`kvIN
hY[ ieh iksm pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI, is`ty Aqy p`qy dI kWigAwrI rogW dw twkrw kr skdI
hY ies nUM ic`ty D`ibAW dw rog Aqy p`qy qy is`ty dy Juls rog vI G`t l`gdy hn [ ieh iksm
qkrIbn 154 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 19.8 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI fI fblXU 291 (2005) : ieh vfwxk kxk dI dohrI bOxI iksm hY, ijsdw AOsq
k`d 83 sYNtImItr hY[ ies dIAW BrpUr SwKW Pu`tdIAW hn [ ies dy p`qy gUVHy hry Aqy is`ty
BrvyN, ksIrW vwly, lUM rihq ic`tIAW GuMfIAW vwly huMdy hn [ ies iksm dy dwxy SrbqI, moty,
iekswr, cmkIly Aqy G`t pIly D`ibAW vwly huMdy hn [ dwixAW dI kuAwiltI vDIAw Aqy pwsqw
pdwrQW leI FukvIN hY[ ieh iksm pIlI Aqy BUrI kMugI, is`ty Aqy p`qy dI kWigAwrI rogW dw
twkrw kr skdI hY [ ies nUM ic`ty D`ibAW dw rog Aqy p`qy qy is`ty dy Juls rog vI G`t l`gdy
hn[ ies nUM krnwl bMt rog vI nhIN l`gdw[ ieh iksm G`t FihMdI hY [ ieh iksm qkrIbn
155 idnW ivc p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 19.4 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[
pI fI fblXU 233 (1995) : ieh vfwxk kxk dI bOxI iksm hY ijsdw AOsq k`d 98
sYNtImItr, is`ty drimAwny Awkwr dy, BrvyN Aqy ksIrW vwly huMdy hn [ ies dy p`qy KVHvyN,
GuMfIAW ic`ty rMg dIAW Aqy G`t lUM vwlIAW huMdIAW hn [ ies dy dwxy moty, ie`kswr Aqy bhuq
vDIAw iksm dy huMdy hn jo ivdySW iv`c Byjx leI bhuq FukvyN hn[ ieh iksm pIlI Aqy BUrI
kuMgI, krnwl bMt Aqy kWigAwrI ijhy rogW dw twkrw kr skdI hY [ ieh iksm p`kx leI
150 idn lYNdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 18.2 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
tI AY~l 2908 (2004) : ieh tirtIkyl dI ArD bOxI iksm hY ijsdw AOsq k`d 113
sYNtImItr hY [ ies dy is`ty lMmy Juky hoey Aqy lwl ksIrW vwly huMdy hn [ ies dIAw GuMfIAW vI
lwl rMg dIAW huMdIAW hn [ ies iksm nUM pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI, krnwl bMt, p`qy Aqy is`ty dI
kWigAwrI Aqy ic`ty D`ibAW dI ibmwrI nhIN l`gdI [ iesdy dwxy SrbqI rMg dy Aqy moty huMdy
hn [ tirtIkyl murgIAW dI ^urwk leI bhuq Fu`kvIN hY Aqy m`kI dI QW vrqI jw skdI hY [
ies iksm qoN vDIAw ibskut Aqy qs`lI b^S rotIAW vI bxweIAW jw skdIAw hn, jykr 50
pRqISq kxk rlw leI jwvy [ ieh iksm 153 idnW ivc p`k jWdI hY Aqy 16.4 kuieMtl pRqI
eykV AOsq JwV dyNdI hY [

2. syNjU hwlqW iv`c pCyqI ibjweI leI

pI bI fblXU 658 (2013) : ieh bOxI iksm hY ijsdw AOsq k`d 85 sYNtImItr hY[ ies
dy is`ty drimAwny sMGxy Aqy GuMfIAW ic`ty rMg dIAW huMdIAW hn [ ies dy dwxy SrbqI, s^q
Aqy drimAwny moty huMdy hn [ ieh iksm pIlI kuMgI, BUrI kuMgI Aqy p`qw Juls rog dw twkrw
krn dI smrQw r`KdI hY [ p`kx leI 133 idn lYNdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 17.6 kuieMtl
pRqI eykV hY [
pI bI fblXU 590 (2009) : ieh dohrI bOxI iksm hY ijsdw dw AOsq k`d 80 sYNtImItr
hY[ ies dy is`ty drimAwny sMGxy, lMU-rihq Aqy GuMfIAW iekswr ic`ty rMg dIAW huMdIAW hn[
ies dy dwxy moty SrbqI, sKq Aqy cmkIly huMdy hn [ ies iksm nUM pIlI kuMgI l`g skdI hY
Aqy kuJ h`d q`k BUrI kuMgI dw mukwblw kr skdI hY pr ies nUM kWigAwrI Aqy krnwl bMt
bImwrIAW l`g jWdIAW hn [ p`kx leI 128 idn lYNdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 16.4 kuieMtl
pRqI eykV hY [

3
3. brwnI hwlqW iv`c ibjweI leI
pI bI fblXU 660 (2014) : ieh ie`k bOxI iksm hY ies dw AOsq k`d 100 sYNtImItr
hY ies dIAW BrpUr SwKwvW Pu`tdIAW hn [ is`ty drimAwny, sMGxy, ksIrW vwly Aqy ic`tIAW
GuMfIAW vwly huMdy hn, dwxy moty, SrbqI, s^q Aqy cmkIly huMdy hn, ijnHW qoN rotI vDIAw bxdI
hY [ ieh iksm pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI dw twkrw kr skdI hY [ pr krnwl bMt qy kWigAwrI
ies nUM l`g skdI hY [ ieh iksm 162 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 17.1
kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI bI fblXU 644 (2012) : ieh bOxI iksm hY [ ies dw k`d AOsq 102 sYNtImItr
hY [ ies dy is`ty drimAwny sMGxy Aqy ic`tIAW GuMfIAW vwly huMdy hn [ ies dy dwxy SrbqI,
drimAwny moty, s^q Aqy cmkIly huMdy hn [ ies iksm nUM pIlI kuMgI Aqy BUrI kuMgI G`t l`gdI
hY pRMqU ies nUM kWigAwrI qy krnwl bMt bImwrIAW l`g jWdIAW hn[ ieh iksm 159 idnW iv`c
p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 16.4 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI bI fblXU 527 (2005) : ieh bOxI iksm hY ijs dw AOsq k`d 100 sYNtImItr huMdw
hY [ ies dIAW BrpUr SwKW Pu`tdIAW hn [ ies dy is`ty drimAwny sMGxy Aqy ic`tIAW GuMfIAW
vwly huMdy hn [ ies dy dwxy SrbqI, drimAwny moty, s^q Aqy cmkIly huMdy hn[ ieh iksm
pIlI Aqy BUrI kMugI dw twkrw krn dI smr`Qw r`KdI hY pRMqU ies nUM kWigAwrI Aqy krnwl
bMt bImwrIAW l`g skdIAW hn [ ieh iksm 160 idnW ivc p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV
13.7 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
4. bIjIAW jWdIAW hor gYr is&wrSI iksmW :
AYc fI 2932 : ieh drimAwny lMmy smyN iv`c p`kx vwlI iksm hY [ ieh iksm d`KxI
Bwrq ivc ibjweI leI hY Aqy pMjwb ivc ies nUM pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI l`g skdI hY [
AYc fI 2733 : p`kx leI lMmW smW lYx vwlI ieh iksm Bwrq dy pUrbI ielwikAW ivc
ibjweI vwsqy hY[ ies iksm nUM pMjwb ivc pIlI kuMgI l`g skdI hY [
fblXU AYc 711 : lMmy smyN ivc p`kx vwlI ies iksm nUM pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI l`g skdI
hY [
brbt : drimAwny lMmy smyN ivc p`kx vwlI ies iksm dy dwixAW dI idK mwVI hY [ ies
iksm nUM pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI l`g skdI hY [
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
Kyq dI iqAwrI :
Awm iqAwrI : swauxI dIAW &slW ip`CoN kxk dI &sl leI mu`FlI iqAwrI hyTW id`qy
Anuswr krnI cwhIdI hY :
(1) Jony ip`CoN : jy ig`l kw&I hovy qW KyqW dI vhweI SurU kr idE, nhIN qW rOxI kro [ KyqW
dI iqAwrI leI qvIAW vrqo qy ip`CNo suhwgw Pyro [ ies ip`CoN kltIvytr nwl zmIn nUM ie`k vwr
iPr vwho[ jy zmIn BwrI hovy qW suhwgw mwrn qoN pihlW ie`k vwr iPr vwh lE[ su`kI zmIn
dI iqAwrI leI rolr vwly kltIvytr dI vrqo kro [ (dyKo KyqI ieMjnIAirMg AMiqkw 3)
jy Jony dI ktweI kMbweIn nwl kIqI hovy qW bcI hoeI prwlI nUM hyT ilKy qrIikAW duAwrw
sMBwl skdy hW :
4
 ) bcI hoeI prwlI nUM st`bl Syvr (mu`F k`tx • Jony dy nwV nUM swVn dI bjwey
vwlw rIpr) nwl k`tx qoN 2-3 Du`pW l`gx qoN bwAd zmIn iv`c vwho [
‘strwA bylr’ (prwlI nUM iek`Tw Aqy g`TW bMnx vwlI • KVy nwV iv`c hYpIsIfr rwhIN
mSIn) nwl iek`Tw kIqw jw skdw hY [ kxk bIjo [
) bcI hoeI prwlI nUM mu`F k`tx Aqy kuqrw krn • bIj nUM is&wrS kIqy rswiexW
vwlI mSIn nwl vI kuqrw krky Kyq iv`c iKlwr skdy nwl soDo Aqy jIvwxU Kwd dw tIkw
hW[ kuqrI hoeI prwlI nUM zmIn iv`c imlwaux leI vwhI lgwau [
vwlIAW mSInW dI vrqoN kro [ prwlI nUM zmIn iv`c • ibjweI leI pI bI fblXU 550
vwhux qoN bwAd jykr is&wirS kIqI Kwd pw ky kxk dw 45 iklo Aqy bwkI swrIAW
bIjIey qW kxk dy JwV qy koeI mwVw Asr nhIN pYNdw [ iksmW dw 40 ik`lo bIj pRqI
zmIn iv`c vwhI prwlI zmIn dI qwkq lMby smyN leI eykV vrqo [
vDwauNdI hY[
) kMbweIn nwl k`ty Jony dy v`F iv`c kxk dI is`DI ibjweI ‘hYpI sIfr’ nwl KVy kricAW
iv`c kIqI jw skdI hY [ (dyKo KyqI ieMjnIAirMg AMiqkw 3)
(2) dUjIAW &slW ip`CoN : rOxI ip`CoN v`qr Awaux qy zmIn nUM do vwr vwho Aqy ies ip`CoN
suhwgw Pyro [ trYktr nwl c`lx vwlw kltIvytr brIk krn vwlw rolr Aqy pflr vI zmIn
dI iqAwrI leI vriqAw jw skdw hY [
ibjweI dw smW : cMgy JwV leI ibjweI smyN isr krnI bhuq zrUrI hY [ FukvyN smyN qoN
ibjweI iv`c ie`k h&qy dI pCyq, JwV nUM qkrIbn 150 iklo pRqI eykV, pRqI h&qw Gtw idMdI
hY[ nvMbr dw pihlw pMdrHvwVw ies dI ibjweI leI bhuq FukvW hY[ kxk dIAW lMmy smyN dIAW
iksmW dI ibjweI AkqUbr dy cOQy h&qy qoN SurU kr dyxI cwhIdI hY[ ies qrHW krn nwl ieh
iksmW p`kx dy nyVy au~cy qwpmwn qoN bcIAW rihNMdIAW hn [ iksmW Anuswr ibjweI dw Fu`kvW
smW hyTW id`qw igAw hY :

smW iksmW
AkqUbr dy cOQy h&qy qoN nvMbr dy cOQy pI bI fblXU 677, AYc fI 3086, fblXU AYc
h&qy q`k 1105, AYc fI 2967, pI bI fblXU 621, fI bI
fblXU 17, pI bI fblXU 502 Aqy tI AYl 2908

nvMbr dy dUjy h&qy qoN nvMbr dy cOQy pI bI fblXU 550

h&qy q`k

AkqUbr dy cOQy h&qy qoN nvMbr dy fblXU AYc fI 943, pI fI fblXU 291 Aqy pI fI
pihly h&qy q`k fblXU 233

nvMbr dy cOQy h&qy qoN ipCoN pI bI fblXU 658 Aqy pI bI fblXU 590

bIj dI mwqrw : cMgw JwV lYx leI pI bI fblXU 550 iksm leI 45 iklo bIj pRqI eykV
Aqy bwkI swrIAW iksmW leI 40 iklo bIj pRqI eykV dI is&wrS kIqI geI hY [ bIjx qoN

5
pihlW bIj nUM cMgI qrHW sw& Aqy gryf krnw cwhIdw hY [ Coty JurVy bIj Aqy ndInW dy bIj
pUrI qrHW k`F lYxy cwhIdy hn [
bIj dI soD : isauNuk dy hmly vwlIAW zmInW iv`c pihlW bIj nUM (klorpweIrIPos)frsbwn/
rUbwn/frmYt 20 eI sI 4 im.il. jW 6 im.il. rIjYNt 5 pRqISq AY~s sI (iPproinl) pRqI ik`lo
bIj dy ihswb nwl soD ky sukw lvo Aqy iPr kxk dIAW swrIAW iksmW dy bIj (fblXU AY`c
fI 943, pI fI fblXU 291, pI fI fblXU 233 Aqy tI AY~l 2908 nUM C`f ky) nUM rYksl 60
AYP AYs 13 im.il. pRqI 40 ik`lo bIj (13 im.il. dvweI nMU 30 im.il. pwxI iv`c Gol ky 40
ik`lo bIj nUM lgwE) jW vItwvYks pwvr 75 fblXU AY~s 120 gRwm jW vItwvYks 75 fblXU
pI 80 gRwm jW sIfYks 2 fI AYs 40 gRwm pRqI 40 ik`lo bIj dy ihswb nwl soD lvo[ ies
nwl kWigAwrI dI rokQwm ho jwvygI [ bIj iv`c kwlI nok vwly jW is`ty dy Juls rog vwly dwxy
hox qW bIj nUM kYptwn* 120 gRwm pRqI 40 ik`lo bIj dy ihswb nwl soD lvo[ jy bIj vItwvYks
pwvr nwl soiDAw hovy qW kYptwn nwl soDx dI loV nhIN [ bIj dI soD ibjweI qoN kdy vI ie`k
mhIny qoN pihlW nw kro, nhIN qW bIj dI au~gx SkqI qy mwVw Asr pYNdw hY[ bIj dI soD,
bIj soDk frMm nwl cMgI qrHW kIqI jw skdI hY [ bIj soDx auprMq hyT ilKy Anuswr bIj nUM
jIvwxUM Kwd dw tIkw lgwau [
bIj nUM jIvwxUM Kwd dw tIkw lwauxw : A`Dw ik`lo knSorSIAm jIvwxUM Kwd nUM iek iltr
pwxI iv`c imlw ky kxk dy pRqI eykV bIj nwl cMgI qrHW imlw lau [ soDy bIj nUM p`ky &rS qy
iKlwr ky CwvyN sukw lau Aqy CyqI bIj idau [ bIj nUM ieh tIkw lwaux nwl JwV v`Ddw hY Aqy
zmIn dI aupjwaU SkqI iv`c vI suDwr AwauNdw hY [ knSorSIAm jIvwxUM dw ieh tIkw pMjwb
AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw dy mweIkRobwieElojI ivBwg pwsoN imldw hY [ jW
&sl nUM Pws&ors q`q dI aupl`bDqw vDwaux leI jIvwxU Kwd dy imSrn (AwrbskUlr
mweIkorhweIzl PMjweI Aqy plWt groQ prmoitMg rweIjobYktYrIAw) dw tIkw lgwE [ iek
eykV dI bIjweI leI loVINdy bIj nUM 1 iltr pwxI dw iC`tw dy ky is`lw kr lE [ ies bIj nUM
1 ik`lo jIvwxU Kwd dy imSrn nwl ies qrW rlwE ik jIvwxU Kwd swry bIjW aupr cMgI qrW
l`g jwvy[auprMq bIj nUM A`Dy GMty leI CW ivc sukw ky bIj idE [ ieh jIvwxUM Kwd “dI AYnrzI
AYNf irsorsz ieMstIicaUt, drbwrI syT blwk, ieMfIAn hYbItyt sYNtr, nvIN id`lI” qoN pRwpq
kIqI jw skdI hY [
ibjweI dy FMg Aqy &wslw
( ) Awm rvwieqI ibjweI : kxk dI ibjweI bIj-Kwd fir`l nwl 4-6 sYNtImItr fUMGI
kro [ isAwVW drimAwn 20 qoN 22 sYNtImItr dw &wslw r`Ko [ ipCyqI ibjweI iv`c jykr ieh
&wslw Gtw ky 15 sYNtImItr r`iKAw jwvy qW v`D JwV imldw hY [ fir`l nUM vrqx qoN pihlW
sY~t kr lvo qW ik bIj Aqy Kwd dI loVINdI mwqrw kyrI jw sky (dyKo KyqI ieMjnIAirMg AMiqkw
3) [
kxk dI ipCyqI ibjweI iv`c au~gx SkqI vDwaux leI, kxk dy bIj nUM 4 qoN 6 GMty iBauN
ky, bwAd iv`c bIj nUM 24 GMty sukw ky fir`l nwl ibjweI kIqI jwvy [ bIj dI shI imkdwr
dw AMdwzw r`iKAw jwvy[

6
 ( ) do qr&w ibjweI : ibjweI dw do qr&w FMg Apnwaux nwl pRqI eykV do kuieMtl JwV
v`D jWdw hY, jdoN ik bIj, Kwd Awid dI is&wrS kIqI mwqrw hI vrqI geI hovy [ Kwd Aqy
bIj dI is&wrS kIqI A`DI mwqrw ie`k qr& bIjx leI vrqo Aqy rihMdI A`DI mwqrw dUjI
qr& ibjweI krn leI vrqo[ bIj 4 sYNtImItr fUMGw Aqy isAwVW ivckwr 20-22 sYNtImItr
&wslw r`Ko[ pihlW bIjy isAwVW nUM dUjI ibjweI dy isAwV 90 ifgrI dy kon qy k`tdy hox [
ibjweI ip`CoN hlkw ijhw suhwgw Pyro[ cMgy nqIijAW dI sMBwvnw qd hI kIqI jw skdI hY jykr
ibjweI smyN kw&I v`qr hovy [ ndIn mwrn leI is&wrS kIqy rswiexk FMg ApxwE [ mu`FlI
iqAwrI leI Kyq dI AwKrI vhweI nw krn dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [ ies nwl do pwsIN
ibjweI qy kIqw Krc G`t rhygw [
( ) zIro itlyj (ibnW vhweI) ibjweI : kxk ibnW vhweI jW G`t qoN G`t vwh ky vI bIjI
jw skdI hY, bSrqy ik ndInW dI AijhI gMBIr sm`isAw nw hovy ijhVI ik ibjweI dy kMm
iv`c rukwvt pwvy[ ijnHW KyqW iv`c ndInW dI sm`isAw gMBIr hovy au~Qy A`Dw iltr gRwmYkson
200 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky iCVkwA krn nwl ies sm`isAw qy kwbU pwieAw jw skdw hY[
zIro-it`lyj/G`t qoN G`t vhweI dy keI lwB hn ijvyN fIzl qy smyN dI b`cq, vwXU mMfl dw G`t
pRdUSx, pihlI isMcweI smyN pwxI dI b`cq, ndInW dI G`t sm`isAw Kws krky gu`lI fMfy dI,
pihly pwxI qoN bwAd kxk dy p`iqAW dw pIlw nw pYxw qy kxk dw G`t FYhxw Awid [ ienHW
kwrnW krky &sl shI JwV idMdI hY qy auh vI G`t Krc nwl [ ienHW lwBW qoN ibnW ies ivDI
nwl izAwdw rkby qy kxk dI smyN isr ibjweI kIqI jw skdI hY [ ibnW vwhy KyqW iv`c
kxk dI ibjweI trYktr nwl c`lx vwlI zIroit`l-fir`l jW stir`p-it`l-fir`l nwl kIqI
jw skdI hY [
not : lgwqwr iqMn swl kxk zIro itlyj dy nwl bIjx qoN bwAd zmIn nUM vwho [ ies nwl
icrjIvI ndInW Aqy cUihAW qoN Biv`K iv`c hox vwlI muSkl qoN Cutkwrw pwieAw jw skdw hY [
( ) hYpI sIfr nwl ibjweI : kMbweIn nwl k`ty Jony dy v`F iv`c kxk dI is`DI ibjweI
krn leI ‘hYpI sIfr’ mSIn dI vrqoN bVI lwhyvMd hY ikauNik ies iv`c prwlI swVn dI loV
nhIN pYNdI Aqy ndInW dw hmlw vI G`t huMdw hY [ kxk dI ibjweI 3.5 qoN 5.0 sYNtImItr fUMGI
kro [ kxk dy shI jMm leI ies mSIn dI vrqoN qoN pihlW Kyq iv`c peI Ku`lHI prwlI iekswr
iKlwro [ prwlI iKlwrn leI qrMglIAW dI mdd jW Jonw v`Fx vyly AijhI kMbweInW nUM qrzIh
idau, ijs ip`Cy prwlI iKlwrn vwlw XMqr l`gw hovy [ ienHW KyqW iv`c cUihAW dI rokQwm dw
Kws iDAwn r`Ko [
( ) bY~fW au~qy ibjweI : bY~fW qy kxk dI ibjweI ‘bY~f plWtr’ nwl kIqI jw skdI hY[
ies nwl 37.5 sYNtImItr cOVy bY~f qy 20 sYNtImItr iv`Q qy kxk dIAW do kqwrW bIjIAW
jWdIAW hn[ do bY~fW ivckwr 30 sYNtImItr cOVI KwlI bx jWdI hY[ ies ivDI nwl Awm p`DrI
ibjweI dy brwbr jW v`D (3-4%) JwV imldw hY [ bY~fw auqy ibjweI krn leI 30 iklo bIj
pRqI eykV cwhIdw hY [ ie`ko ijhy rkby auqy kxk dI p`DrI bIjweI leI 7.5 sYNtImItr dI
isMcweI cwhIdI hY pr bY~fW auqy kIqI ibjweI leI kyvl 5 sYNtImItr dI isMcweI dI hI loV
pYNdI hY [ ies krky pwxI dI cMgI b`cq ho jWdI hY [ bY~fW qy bIjy bUty bY~fW AMdr porI geI
rswiexk Kwd dI vrqoN izAwdw suc`jy FMg nwl krdy hn, ikauNik bY~fw iv`c bUitAW dIAW jVHW

7
izAwdw sMGxIAW huMdIAW hn [ bY~fW qy bIjI geI kxk iv`c ndIn, Kws krky gu`lI fMfw G`t
huMdw hY[ bYfW qy trYktr rwhIN gofI krky ndInW dI rokQwm AwswnI nwl ho jWdI hY Aqy XUrIAw
Kwd vI nwl hI fir`l ho jWdI hY [
KwdW : KwdW dI vrqoN im`tI pr^ AwDwr qy kro (vyKo im`tI prK AiDAwie) [ jy im`tI
dI pr^ nhIN krvweI qW kxk leI drimAwnI aupjwaU zmIn leI KwdW dI hyT d`sI mwqrw
vrqo[
q`q* (iklo pRqI eykV) KwdW (iklo pRqI eykV)
nweItRojn &wsPors potwS** XUrIAw fI ey pI*** jW supr- jW nweItRo- imaUrt
y
&ws&yt &ws&yt Aw& potwS
50 25 12 110 55 155 125 20
* ieh ^urwkI q`q hor KwdW iv`coN vI pRwpq kIqy jw skdy hn [ ieh swrIAW KwdW ie`ko ijhw Asr krdIAW
hn[(dyKo AMiqkw 4) nweItRojn leI XUrIAw jW nIm kotf
XUrIAw vI vriqAw jw skdw hY[ • drimAwnIAW zmInW iv`c 90
** potwS q`q kyvl EdoN pwau jdoN pr^ Anuswr ies q`q dI Gwt ik`lo XUrIAw Aqy 55 ik`lo fI ey
hovy [ gurdwspur, huiSAwrpur, ropV Aqy ShId Bgq isMG pI dI vrqo kro [
ngr izilHAW leI ieh q`q du`gxI mwqrw iv`c pwE [ • potwS Kwd dI vrqoN isrP Gwt
*** jykr 55 iklo fI ey pI jW 125 iklo nweItRoPwsPyt pweI hovy vwlIAW zmInW iv`c hI kro [
qW kRmvwr 20 iklo jW 50 iklo XUrIAw pRqI eykV ibjweI vyly • loV muqwibk XUrIAw pwaux leI
Gtw idE [
p`qw rMg cwrt dI vrqoN kro [
rswiexk KwdW dI vrqoN sbMDI zrUrI nukqy • cMgy JwV leI bIj nUM jIvwxU Kwd
• klrwTI zmIn iv`c bIjI kxk dI &sl nUM is&wrS kIqI dy tIky nwl soDo [
mwqrw nwloN 25% vDyry nweItRojn pwE [ • Gwt vwlIAW zmInW iv`c mYNgnIz,
izMk Aqy gMDk dI pUrqI kro [
• A`D dsMbr qoN bwAd bIjI kxk nUM TIk smyN qy bIjI
kxk nwloN 25% nweItRojn G`t pwE[ • q`qW dI pUrqI leI jIvk, jIvwxU
Aqy rswiexk KwdW dy sumyl dI
• nweItrojn q`q dI Gwt pUrI krn leI XUrIey dw iCVkwA vrqoN kro [
ipCyqI jwV mwrn Aqy pCyqIAW gMFW bxn smyN kIqw jw
skdw hY [ bhuqw pwxI vrqx vwly pMp (nYpsYk) nwl 3% XUrIey dw Gol (3 iklo XUrIAw 100
iltr pwxI iv`c) iCVko [ &sl qy do pwsw iCVkwA kro Aqy 300 iltr Gol pRqI eykV vrqo[
jykr pwvr spryAr dI vrqoN krnI hovy qW 20% XUrIey dw Gol vrqo [
• swauxI dIAW &slW dy mukwbly, kxk, &ws&ors Kwd nUM vDyry mMndI hY[ies krky &ws&ors vwlI
Kwd kxk nUM pwE Aqy kxk ip`CoN bIjI jwx vwlI swauxI dI &sl nUM pwaux dI loV nhIN [
• jykr fI ey pI qy suprPwsPyt nw auplbD hox qW kxk nUM hMgwmI hwlqW iv`c gMDkI &ws&yt Kwd
PwsPors dy bdlvyN rUp iv`c pwieAw jw skdw hY, BwvyN ieh Kwd mihMgI hY [
jYivk Aqy rswiexk KwdW dI rlvIN vrqoN
• rUVI dI Kwd: jykr Kyq iv`c rUVI dI Kwd pweI geI hovy qW rUVI dI hr 10 kuieMtl mwqrw ip`Cy do
iklo nweItRojn Aqy ie`k iklo &ws&ors GtweI jw skdI hY[jdoN kxk AwlUAW ip`CoN bIjI jwvy Aqy

8
 AwlUAW nUM 10 tn pRqI eykV rUVI dI Kwd pweI geI hovy qW kxk nUM PwsPors dI koeI loV nhIN
Aqy nweItRjo n vwlI Kwd dI mwqrw vI Gtw ky A`DI kr dyxI cwhIdI hY[
• Jony dI P`k dI svwh jW gMny dI gu`dI dI svwh: jykr kxk nUM Jony dI P`k dI svwh jW gMny dI
gu`dI dI svwh 4 tn pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl AKIrlI vhweI qoN pihlW pweI hovy qW ibjweI vyly
au~pr is&wrS kIqI geI PwrPors dI A`DI mwqrw hI vrqo[ Aijhw krn nwl kxk dy vDyry JwV
qoN ielwvw BUmI dI ishq vI cMgyrI rihMdI hY[
• murgIAW dI Kwd/gobr gYs plWt dI sl`rI/pRYsm`f: jykr Jony iv`c 2.5 tn pRqI eykV murgIAW dI
Kwd/2.4 tn gobr gYs plWt iv`coN inklI hoeI sl`rI nUM su`kx auprMq pweI hovy qW kxk iv`c ie`k
cOQweI nweItRojn Aqy A`DI PwsPors dI b`cq kIqI jw skdI hY [ ies leI 37.5 iklo nweItRojn
jW 81 iklo XUrIAw pRqI eykV nUM do brwbr ikSqW iv`c (bIjweI Aqy pihly pwxI nwl) pwE [
ies qoN ibnW 75 iklo suprPwsPyt pRqI eykV dI vrqoN kro[ jy fI.ey.pI. Kwd dI vrqoN krnI hovy
qW 28 iklo fI.ey.pI. Aqy 30 iklo XUrIAw pRqI eykV bIjweI vyly Aqy 40 iklo XUrIAw pRqI eykV
pihly pwxI nwl pwE[jykr Jony iv`c 6 tn pRqI eykV pRYsm`f pweI hovy qW kxk iv`c ie`k iqhweI
nweItRojn Aqy A`DI PwsPors dI b`cq kIqI jw skdI hY[
• hrI Kwd: jykr kxk qoN pihlw swauxI dI ru`qy hrI Kwd kIqI hovy qW kxk nUM nweItRojn Kwd dI
mwqrw A`DI kr idE[kxk nUM is&wrS kIqI &ws&ors vwlI Kwd vI hrI Kwd dI &sl nUM hI pw
dyxI cwhIdI hY[ grmIAW iv`c m`kI nUM hrI Kwd krn nwl, m`kI ip`CoN bIjI kxk dw JwV vI v`Ddw
hY[ &lIdwr &slW qoN bwAd bIjI kxk nUM 25% nweItRojn G`t pwE[
• jIvwxU Kwd dw tIkw: kxk dy bIj nMU bIjx qoN pihlW is&wrS kIqy jIvwxU Kwd lgwau [
KwdW pwaux dw smW Aqy FMg : A`DI nweItRojn, swrI &ws&ors qy potwS bIjweI vyly por idE
Aqy bwkI dI A`DI nweItRojn pihly pwxI vyly C`ty nwl pwE [ jykr kxk nUM nweItRojn XUrIAw
Kwd rwhIN dyxI hovy qW XUrIAw dI A`DI imkdwr rOxI qoN pihlW jW AwKrI vwhI smyN pwE Aqy
dUsrI ikSq pihlw pwxI lwaux qoN 7 idn pihlW jW 5 idn ip`CNo q`k C`ty nwl pwE [ hlkIAW
zmInW iv`c A`DI nweItRojn ibjweI smyN, cOQw ih`sw nweItRojn pihly pwxI qoN bwAd Aqy bwkI
cOQw ih`sw nweItrojn Kwd, dUsry pwxI qoN qurMq ip`CoN pwE[
loV Anuswr nweItrojn Kwd dI vrqoN leI p`qw rMg cwrt ApxwE
• kxk dI ibjweI smyN drimAwnI aupjwaU SkqI vwlIAW im`tIAW iv`c 55 iklo fI ey pI
pRqI eykV fir`l kro Aqy ibjweI vyly XUrIAw pwaux dI loV nhIN [
• pihly pwxI nwl smyN isr bIjI kxk nUM 40 iklo Aqy pCyqI (A`D dsMbr qoN bwAd bIjI)
kxk nUM 25 iklo XUrIAw/eykV pwE [
• dUsry pwxI qoN pihlW (ibjweI qoN lgBg 50-55 idnW bwAd) ds pOidAW dy auproN pUry
Ku`ly pihly p`qy dw rMg pOdy nwloN qoVy ibnW p`qw rMg cwrt nwl Awpxy prCwvyN hyT imlwE[
rMg imlwaux leI cuxy pOidAW au~pr ibmwrI/kIiVAW dw hmlw jW hor ^urwkI q`qW dI Gwt
nhIN hoxI cwhIdI [
• jy ds ivcoN Cy jW v`D p`iqAW dw rMg cwrt dI it`kI nMbr 4 qoN iP`kw hovy qW smyN isr
bIjI kxk nUM dUjy pwxI nwl 40 iklo Aqy pCyqI kxk nUM 25 iklo XUrIAw/eykV pwE pr

9
 jy p`iqAW dw rMg it`kI nMbr 4 dy brwbr jW gUVHw hovy qW smyN isr bIjI kxk nUM dUjy pwxI
nwl 25 iklo Aqy pCyqI kxk nUM 15 iklo XUrIAw/eykV pwE [
not: p`qw rMg cwrt dI KrId BUmI ivigAwn ivBwg, pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw
qoN kIqI jw skdI hY [
hYpIsIfr nwl bIjI kxk leI KwdW : ibjweI vyly 55 iklo fI ey pI pRqI eykV por idE[
44 iklo XUrIey dIAW do brwbr ikSqW pihly pwxI Aqy dUjy pwxI qoN pihlW C`ty nwl pwE [
XUrIAw pwaux qoN qurMq bwAd pwxI lw idau [ BwrIAW zmInW iv`c dUjw pwxI dyr nwl l`gx
dy fr qoN 33 iklo XUrIAw ibjweI qoN pihlW Aqy bwkI 55 iklo XUrIAw pihly pwxI qoN pihlw
C`ty nwl pwE [
mYNgnIz dI Gwt : mYNgnIz dI Gwt Awm qOr qy hlkIAW zmInW qy ij`Qy bhuqIAW &slW
leIAW jWdIAW hn, nzr AwauNdI hY, Kws qOr qy jdoN Jony-kxk dw &slI c`kr c`l irhw hovy[
ies dIAW inSwnIAW bUty dy ivckwrly p`iqAW dIAW nwVIAW dy drimAwn vwlI QW qy hlky
pIly slytI rMg qoN gulwbI BUry rMg ‘c idKweI idMdIAW hn [ ies Gwt kwrn p`iqAW dy hyTly
2/3 ih`sy qy iBMn-iBMn Awkwr dy D`by nzr AwauNdy hn [ bwAd iv`c ieh D`by nwVIAW ivckwr,
ijhVIAW ik hrIAW rihMdIAW hn, iek`Ty ho ky ie`k lMmI DwrI jW gol Awkwr Dwrn kr lYNdy
hn (dyKo Poto nM.1 s&w nM. 197)[ bhuq izAwdw Gwt Awaux nwl bUty iblkul su`k jWdy hn[
is`ty in`klx smyN, Gwt dIAW inSwnIAW tIsI dy p`qy qy sw& idKweI idMdIAW hn [ mYNgnIz dI
Gwt vwlIAW zmInW iv`c 0.5% mYgnIz sl&yt (ie`k iklo mYNgnIz sl&yt 200 iltr pwxI
iv`c) dw ie`k iCVkwA pihly pwxI qoN 2-4 idn pihlW Aqy 3 iCVkwA h&qy-h&qy dy &rk
nwl bwAd iv`c Du`p vwly idnW iv`c kro [ im`tI pr^ dy AwDwr qy mYNgnIz dI vrqoN izAwdw
lwhyvMd is`D ho skdI hY ijs dI shUlq pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI dIAW luiDAwxw, biTMfw
Aqy gurdwspur ivKy siQq lGU q`q pRXogSwlwvW iv`c auplbD hY [ ryqlIAW zmInW iv`c
fblXU AYc fI 943, pI fI fblXU 291 Aqy pI fI fblXU 233 iksmW nw bIjo ikauNik ienHW
iv`c mYNgnIz dI Gwt izAwdw AwauNdI hY[ mYNgnIz sl&yt dI isr& spryA hI kro, ies nUM
zmIn iv`c nw pwE[
izMk dI Gwt : hlkIAW zmInW iv`c lgwqwr &slW bIjIAW jwx nwl izMk q`q dI Gwt
CyqI Aw jWdI hY [ jy swauxI dI &sl nUM is&wrS kIqI izMk sl&yt dI mwqrw pweI geI hovy
qW aus zmIn iv`c bIjI kxk nUM izMk pwaux dI loV nhIN rihMdI [ Jony dI &sl izMk nUM vDyry
mMndI hY, ies leI izMk Jony dI &sl nUM hI pw dyxI cwhIdI hY [ ies dy Asr nwl Awaux vwlI
kxk dI &sl dI loV vI pUrI ho jWdI hY[ pr jykr Jony nUM izMk nw pwieAw hovy Aqy kxk dI
&sl qy izMk dI Gwt dIAW inSwnIAW Awaux dI Aws hovy, jW Aw jwx ijs nwl bUitAW dw
vwDw ruk jWdw hY Aqy bUty JwVI vrgy bx jWdy hn [ p`qy l`k ivckwroN pIly pY jwdy hn Aqy
bwAd iv`c auQoN tu`t ky lmk jWdy hn[ AijhI hwlq iv`c ibjweI smyN 25 iklo izMk slPyt
(21% izMk) pRqI eykV zmIn iv`c C`ty nwl pwE [ ieh 2-3 swl leI kw&I huMdw hY[ izMk dI
Gwt &sl auqy izMk sl&yt (0.5%) dI spryA krn nwl vI pUrI kIqI jw skdI hY [ ie`k
eykV leI ie`k iklo izMk sl&yt qy A`Dw iklo AxbuiJAw cUnw 200 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky
15 idnW dI iv`Q qy 2-3 vwr iCVkwA kro [

10
 kxk dy dwixAW iv`c izMk dw vwDw : &sl au~pr 0.5% izMk slPyt dy ie`k jW do spryA
(is`ty inklx smyN qoN dwxy bxny SurU hox q`k) Swm dy smyN krn nwl dwixAW iv`c izMk dI
mwqrw v`DdI hY [ ies nwl kxk dI poSitk guxv`qw v`DdI hY [
gMDk dI Gwt : jykr kxk dI kwSq ryqlIAW zmInW iv`c kIqI jwvy qW aus qy gMDk dI
Gwt Aw jwdI hY [ jdoN kxk dy vwDy dy muFly smyN srdIAW dI vr^w lMmy smyN q`k jwrI rhy
qW ieh Gwt hor vI v`D huMdI hY [ ies dI Gwt dIAW inSwnIAW sB qoN pihlW nvyN p`iqAW qy
idKweI idMdIAW hn [ p`iqAW dw hrw rMg Krwb ho jWdw hY [ bUty dI cotI dy p`iqAW dw rMg nok
nUM C`f ky hlkw pIlw pY jWdw hY jd ik hyTly p`qy lMmy smyN q`k hry hI rihMdy hn [ nweItrojn
dI Gwt nwloN ies Gwt dw ieh &rk hY ik nweItrojn dI Gwt hyTly p`iqAW dy pIly hox nwl
SurU huMdI hY [ bUitAW nUM SwKW G`t Pu`tdIAW hn Aqy ieh ig`Ty rih jWdy hn [ ij`Qy &ws&ors q`q
isMgl supr&ws&yt dy qOr qy nw pwieAw hovy auQy 100 iklo ijpsm pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl
ibjweI qoN pihlW pw idE qW ik &sl dI gMDk dI loV pUrI ho jwvy[ jykr ijpsm dI is&wrS
kIqI mwqrw mUMgPlI dI &sl nUM pweI hovy qW isr& 50 iklo ijpsm pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl
pwE[ jykr gMDk dI Gwt jwpy qW KVHI &sl iv`c ijpsm dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY[
ndInW dI rokQwm
ndInW dI rokQwm krn leI do gofIAW, pihlI gofI, kxk nUM pihlw pwxI lwaux qoN pihlW
Aqy dUjI gofI Kyq v`qr Awaux qy kro[ gofI leI Kurpw, ksOlw, suDrI hoeI iqRPwlI (vIlH hoA)
vrqo[ ies dy bdl iv`c hyT ilKy qrIikAW nwl vI ndInW dI rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY-
1. Gwh vwly ndInW dI rokQwm
) gu`lI fMfy/is`tI dI rokQwm : ies ndIn dI rokQwm hyT ilKy qrIikAW nwl kIqI jw
skdI hY-
1. kwSqkwrI FMgW nwl
kxk dIAW CyqI v`Dx vwlIAW iksmW dI ibjweI 6 ieMc (15 sYNtImItr) dUrI dIAW kqwrW
iv`c AkqUbr dy AKIrly jW nvMbr dy pihly hPqy kro[ kxk dI QW qy brsIm, AwlU, rwieAw,
goBI sroN, isAwlU m`kI Awid bIjx nwl vI gu`lI fMfy dI sm`isAw Kqm kIqI/GtweI jw skdI
hY[ jykr kxk dI ibjweI smyN im`tI dI qih sukw id`qI jwvy qW vI gu`lI fMfy dy pihly lOA nUM
kwbU kIqw jw skdw hY[
2. ndIn nwSkW dI vrqoN nwl : gu`lI fMfy nUM hyT ilKy iksy vI ndIn nwSk dI vrqoN nwl
Kqm kIqw jw skdw hY:-
ndIn nwSk (brWf) mwqrw pRqI eykV iCVkwA dw smW
a) ibjweI smyN (ndIn au~gx qoN pihlW)
pYNfImyYQwiln 30 eI sI: (stONp/dosq/mwrkpYNfI/pYNfw) ie`k iltr bIjweI qoN do
trweIPlUrwiln 48 eI sI: (trYPlwn/trYmr) ie`k iltr idnW dy AMdr
200 iltr pwxI
vrq ky [
• ibjweI smyN vrqx vwly ndIn nwSkW leI zmIn iv`c kwPI nmI/v`qr dw hoxw bhuq zrUrI hY[

11
 A) pihlI isMcweI qoN pihlW (ndIn au`gx qoN bwAd)
AweIsopRotXUrwn 75 fblXU pI: (AYrIlon/fYlron/ hlkIAW zmInW pihlI isMcweI
ihlprotXUrwn/rOnk/ vMfr/nosIlon/imlron/AyYgrIlon/ iv`c 300 gRwm, qoN 2 qoN 3 idn
totwlon/kyArlon/mwrklon/jY-pRotXUron/AweIsogwrf/Dwr/ drimAwnIAW pihlW 150
rkSk/prol/knk/ AweIsotOks /AweIsoiht/ islXUron/ zmInW iv`c 400 iltr pwxI vrq
AweIsoisn/ iSvrOn) gRwm Aqy BwrIAW ky[
• ijhnW KyqW iv`c AweIsopRotXUrwn gru`p dy rswiexW dI vrqoN zmInW iv`c 500
nwl gul
` I fMfw nw mrdw hovy auQy ies rswiex dI vrqoN nw gRwm
kIqI jwvy[
e) pihlI isMcweI qoN bwAd (ndIn au~gx qoN bwAd)
AweIsopRotXUrwn 75 fblXU pI: (auprokq ‘A’ iv`c d`sy swry 500 gRwm swrIAW ibjweI qoN 30-
AweIsopRotXUrwn dy brWf) zmInW leI 35 idnW AMdr
klofInwPOp 15 fblXU pI: (tOipk/puAwieMt/mOlwh/rkSk 160 gRwm 150 iltr pwxI
pl`s/jY ivjY/tOpl/mwrkklofInw/kolb
M s) vrq ky[
ipnokswifn 5 eI sI: (AYksIAl) 400 imlI iltr
iPnOkswpRop-pI-eIQweIl 10 eI sI: (ipaUmw pwvr) 400 imlI
iltr
slPoslPUrwn 75 fblXU jI: (lIfr/AYs AYP-10/sPl/ 13 gRwm
mwrkslPo)
• ijnW KyqW iv`c kxk dy nwl sroN/rwieAw/Coly jW koeI hor cOVI
p`qI vwlI &sl rlw ky bIjI hovy, auhnW KyqW iv`c ies rswiex
dI vrqoN nhIN krnI cwhIdI[
• iehnW KyqW iv`c swauxI smyN crHI (jvwr) Aqy m`kI nw bIjo[

) jONDr/jMglI jvIN dI rokQwm : gu`lIfMfy dI rokQwm leI ndIn au~gx qoN bwAd vrqx vwly
swry ndIn-nwSk jMglI jvIN/jONDr dw vI cMgI qrHW nwl rokQwm krdy hn[
2. cOVy p`qy vwly ndInW dI rokQwm: iehnW ndInW dI rokQwm leI hyT ilKy iksy vI ndIn-
nwSk dI vrqo kro [
ndIn nwSk (brWf) mwqrw pRqI eykV iCVkwA dw smW
2,4-fI sofIAm swlt (80%) jW 250 gRwm jW smyN isr bIjI kxk iv`c
2,4-fI eIQweIl AYstr (38%) 250 imlIiltr 35 qoN 45 Aqy ipCyqI
(dsMbr iv`c) bIjI &sl
leI 45 qoN 55 idnW iv`c
150 iltr pwxI iv`c
Gol ky spryA kro [

12
 mYtslPUrwn 20 fblXU pI: (AYlgirp/AYlgirp 10 gRwm kxk dI ibjweI qoN 30
rwiel/mwrkgirp) qoN 35 idnW iv`c 150
• cOVy p`iqAW vwly ndInW iv`c Kws qOr qy kMifAwlI iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky
pwlk hovy qW AYlgirp/AYlgirp rwiel/mwrkgirp vrqo[
dI vrqo kro[
kwrPYntrwzon eIQweIl 40 fI AYP: (eym/AiPntI) 20 gRwm ibjweI qoN 25-30 idnW
• jykr cOVy p`qy vwly ndInW iv`c Kws qOr qy btn bUtI iv`c 200 iltr pwxI
hovy qW eym/AiPntI dI vrqo kro [ iv`c Gol ky vrqo[

• ijQy kxk iv`c sroN/rwieAw/Coly jW koeI hor cOVy p`qI vwlI &sl rlw ky bIjI hovy qW 2,4-fIy/
AYlgirp/AYlgirp rwiel/mwrkgirp /eym/AiPntI dI vrqoN nw kro[
3. Gwh Aqy cOVy p`qy vwly ndInW dI iek`TI rokQwm : iehnW ndInW dI iek`TI rokQwm leI
hyT ilKy iksy vI ndIn nwSk dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY [
ndIn nwSk (brWf) mwqrw pRqI eykV iCVkwA dw smW
slPoslPUrwn+mYtslPUrwn 75 fblXU jI: (totl/ 16 gRwm ibjweI qoN 30-35 idnW
mwrkpwvr) AMdr, 150 iltr pwxI
• iehnW KyqW iv`c swauxI smyN crHI (jvwr) Aqy m`kI iv`c Gol ky kro[
nw bIjo [
imzoslPUrwn+AwiefoslPUrwn 3.6 fblXU fI jI: 160 gRwm
(AYtlWits)
• iehnW KyqW iv`c swauxI smyN crHI (jvwr) Aqy m`kI
nw bIjo[

iPnokswpRop+mYtrIibaUizn 22 eI sI: (AkOrf 500 imlI

pl`s) iltr
• AkOrf pl`s nUM kxk dI iksm pI bI fblXU 550
auqy nw iCVko ijs au`pr ies dw mwVw Asr huMdw
hY[
• iehnW KyqW iv`c swauxI smyN crHI (jvwr) Aqy m`kI
nw bIjo [
tOipk/puAwieMt/mOlwh/rkSk pl`s/jY ivjY/tOpl/ gu`lI fMfy Aqy
mwrkklofInw /kolb M s/ipaUmw pwvr nUM 2,4-fI/ cOVy p`qy vwly
AYlgirp/AYlgirp rwiel /mwrkgirp nwl tYNk ndInW iv`c
imks krky [ isPwrS kIqI
ijhnW KyqW iv`c AweIsopt Ro XUrwn dI vrqoN nwl gu`lI mwqrw iCVko[ ibjweI qoN 35-45 idnW
fMfw mr irhw hY, auhnW KyqW iv`c AweIsopRotXUrwn iv`c, 150 iltr pwxI
gru`p dy iksy rswiex nUM 2,4-fI (sofIAm/AYstr) iv`c Gol ky kroy[
nwl tYNk imks krky [
• jykr kxk iv`c goBI sroN/rwieAw/Coly jW koeI hor cOVy p`qI vwlI &sl bIjI hovy qW iehnW ndIn-
nwSkW/ imSrx dI vrqoN nw kro[
13
vfwxk kxk iv`c ndInW dI rokQwm
vfwxk kxk iv`c totl/mwrkpwvr/AYtlWits /AkOrf pl`s qoN ielwvw au~pr ilKy bwkI
swry isPwrS kIqy ndIn nwSkW nwl ndInW dI rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY[ ijnHW KyqW iv`c
gu`lI fMfw AweIsopRotXUrwn dI vrqoN nwl mr irhw hY auQy drimAwnIAW qoN BwrIAW jmInW iv`c
AweIsopRotXUrwn gru`p dy isPwrS kIqy ndIn-nwSkW iv`c iksy ie`k dI vrqoN 500 gRwm pRqI
eykV 150 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky ibjweI qoN 40-45 idnW iv`c iCVkwA kro[ vfwxk kxk
ivc ryqlIAW zmInW iv`c AweIsopRotXUrwn dI vrqoN nw kro[
ndIn nwSkW vrqoN sMbMDI iDAwn Xog g`lW
• iCVkwA swP mOsm iv`c kro Aqy iekswr kro[
• iCVkwA qoN bwAd pwxI hlkw lwE ikauNik BrvW • ndIn au~gx qoN pihlW vrqx
pwxI lwaux nwl ndIn-nwSk dw Asr G`t jWdw vwly ndIn nwSkW dy iCVkwA
hY[ leI PlYt PYn jW Pl`f jYt nozl
• ndIn nwSkW dy iCVkwA qoN bwAd spryA pMp nUM jdik ndIn au~gx qoN bwAd
pwxI nwl Do ky Aqy iPr k`pVy Dox vwly sofy dy 0.5 vrqx vwly ndIn nwSkW leI
pRqISq Gol nwl cMgI qrHW Do lYxw cwhIdw hY [ PlYt PYn nozl nUM pihl idE[
• ijhnW KyqW iv`c rwieAw/sroN/goBI srNo kxk dy • ijhnW KyqW iv`c ndInW dI rokQwm
nwl rlw ky bIjI hovy auQy isrP AweIsopRotXUrwn/ leI lIfr/AYs AYP-10/sPl/
klofInwPOp/iPnOkswpRop gru`p dy ndIn nwSk dI mwrkslPo /totl/mwrkpwvr /
AYtlWits dI vrqoN kIqI hovy,
vrqoN kro [
auQy swauxI smyN crHI (jvwr) Aqy
• ijhnW KyqW iv`c AweIsopRotXUrwn gru`p dy rswiexW m`kI nw bIjo[
dI vrqoN nwl gu`lI fMfw nw mrdw hovy auQy ies
• AkOrf pl`s nUM kxk dI iksm
rswiex dI vrqoN nw kIqI jwvy[ pI bI fblXU 550 auqy nw
• ndIn nwSkW dI vrqoN qoN bwAd ndInW dy ijhVy iCVko[
bUty bc jWdy hn auhnW nUM bIj bxn qoN pihlW pu`t • ndInW iv`c roDx SkqI pYdw hox
idau qW ik kxk dI AglI &sl iv`c ndInW dI qoN rokx leI ndIn nwSkW dI hr
sm`isAw Gt sky[ hr swl ies qrHW krn nwl swl Adl-bdl ky vrqo kro [
ndInW dI sm`isAw kw&I h`d q`k GtweI jw skdI
hY [
isMcweI : kxk dI ibjweI 10 sYNtImItr dI BrvIN rOxI ip`CoN kro[ jdoN kxk Jony ip`CNo
bIjxI hovy qW BrvIN rOxI dI loV nhIN [ jykr Jony dI vwFI pCyqI ho jwey qW kxk dI ibjweI
vI pCyqI ho skdI hY [ ienHW hwlqW iv`c Jony dI KVHI &sl iv`c, zmIn dI iksm Anuswr
5-10 idn pihlW rOxI kr idE [ ies qrHW krn nwl kxk dI ibjweI ie`k h&qw pihlW ho
skdI hY [ ij`Qy Jony dI vwFI kMbweIn nwl krnI hovy auQy ieMj nw kro [ pwxI dI suc`jI vrqoN
vwsqy BwrIAW zmInW iv`c 8 ikAwry pRqI eykV Aqy ryqlIAW zmInW iv`c 16 ikAwry pRqI eykV
bxwaux dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [ kxk dI &sl nUM pihlw pwxI hlkw idE [ AkqUbr iv`c
bIjI &sl nUM hovy qW ibjweI qoN iqMn h&qy bwAd Aqy ies qoN ip`CNo bIjI nUM cwr h&qy bwAd
pwxI idE [ ies qoN bwAd dy pwxI kxk dI ibjweI dy smyN nwl sbMDq hn [

14
 ibjweI dI qrIk isMcweI 7.5 sYNtImItr
dUjw pwxI qIjw pwxI cOQw pwxI
ipClI isMcweI qoN bwAd h&qy
21 nvMbr q`k 5-6 5-6 4
22 nvMbr qoN 20 dsMbr 5-6 3-4 2
21 dsMbr qoN 15 jnvrI 4 3 2

not :
• hlkIAW zmInW iv`c pihlI isMcweI kuJ AgyqI Aqy BwrIAW zmInW jW Jony vwlIAW zmInW iv`c
pCyqI kr idE [
• isMcweI leI d`sy vk&y, do-iqMn idn ieDr-auDr ho skdy hn [
• hr ie`k sYNtImItr vrKw ip`CoN pihlw pwxI jnvrI dy AKIr q`k 5 idn pCyqw Aqy jnvrI qoN
bwAd do idn q`k pCyqw kr idE [
• smyN isr bIjI kxk nUM dwxy pYx vyly qwpmwn dy loV qoN izAwdw vwDy qoN bcwaux leI mINh nUM iDAwn
iv`c r`Kdy hoey mwrc dy AKIr q`k pwxI lwau [ ieh i^Awl r`Ko ik pwxI aus vyly lwE jdoN hvw
nw c`ldI hov,y qW ik &sl if`g nw pvy [
• pMj dsMbr qoN bwAd bIjI geI &sl nUM 10 ApRYl q`k pwxI lwauNdy rho [
imAwrI bIj pYdw krnw : Kwls bIj pYdw krn leI buinAwdI bIj pMjwb AYgrIklcrl
XUnIvristI jW KyqIbwVI ivBwg pMjwb jW pMjwb rwj bIj kwrporySn jW nYSnl sIf kwrporySn
pwsoN ilAw jw skdw hY [
cMgI iksm dw Kwls bIj dw hoxw bhuq zrUrI hY [ ikswn qsdIkSudw bIj swry rkby
leI KrId skdw hY jW ie`k QYlI buinAwdI jW qsdIkSudw bIj pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI
jW pMjwb styt sIf kwrporySn qoN KrId ky vDw skdy hn Aqy Agly swl swry rkby iv`c bIj
skdy hn[ ieh zrUrI hY ik ijs bIj qoN AgWh bIj vDwauxw hY auh kWigAwrI dI rokQwm leI
is&wrS kIqI iksy vI zihr nwl soiDAw hovy [ krnwl bMt qoN rihq bIj pYdw krn leI &sl
qy itlt/PolIkur 25 eI sI 200 imlIiltr pRqI eykV dy ihswb 200 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky
is`ty in`klx vyly ie`k iCVkwA kro [ aus &sl iv`coN smyN smyN isr dUjIAW iksmW Aqy ibmwrI
vwly pOdy k`Fdy rho [ vwFI ghweI Aqy sWB-sMBwl vyly ies g`l dw iDAwn r`Ko ik aus iv`c
dUjIAW iksmW dy dwxy nw rl jwx [ borI dy AMdr Aqy bwhr iksm dI inSwnI zrUr r`Ko [

15
 kxk dI brwnI KyqI

pMjwb dy huiSAwrpur, ropV, sihbzwdw AjIq isMG ngr, ShId Bgq isMG ngr,
gurdwspur qy pTwnkot ijilHAW dy kuJ rkby iv`c kxk dI kwSq brwnI hwlqW iv`c kIqI jWdI
hY[ AijhIAW hwlqW dI ibjweI iv`c kxk dI kwSq dy au~nq FMg hyT d`sy gey hn [
ibjweI dw smW : brwnI iksmW dI ibjweI AkqUbr dy cOQy h&qy qoN SurU kr dyxI cwhIdI
hY [
zmIn : hlkIAW zmInW iv`c pwxI sMBwlx dI SkqI Awm krky G`t huMdI hY [ AijhIAW
zmInW iv`c m`kI ip`CoN bIjI kxk G`t JwV dyNdI hY [ cMgw JwV lYx leI AijhIAW zmInW
iv`c swauxI ru`qy sx jW rvWh dI hrI Kwd kro jW ieh zmIn KwlI r`Ko Aqy hwVHI iv`c kxk/
kxk+Coly (byrVw) Aqy iv`c rwieAw dIAW lweInW bIjo [ byrVy leI KwdW dI mwqrw kxk
vwlI hI r`Ko [
nmIN dI sMBwl : brwnI ielwky iv`c hwVHI dI &sl augwaux leI zmIn iv`c nmIN dI sMBwl
dI bhuq mh`qqw hY [ zmIn iv`c nmIN sMBwlx leI Kyq iv`coN swauxI dI &sl k`tx qoN qurMq
bwAd Kyq nUM vwh ky suhwg idE [ Awm qOr qy vhweI Swm nUM kIqI jWdI hY Aqy svyry suhwgw
Pyr id`qw jWdw hY [
isauNk dI rokQwm : isauNk bUitAW dw bhuq nukswn krdI hY[ ies dI rokQwm leI kIVy
Aqy ibmwrIAW dI rokQwm dy Bwg iv`c dyKo[
bIj dI mwqrw : ie`k eykV leI 40 iklo soiDAw hoieAw bIj vrqo[ brwnI hwlqW iv`c
bIj dI v`D mwqrw, ibjweI smyN G`t is`lH, mu`FlI AOV qy isauNk dy hmly Awid hwlqW nUM mu`K
r`K ky kIqI jWdI hY [ jykr zmIn iv`c ibjweI smyN kw&I is`lH hovy qW pRqI eykV 35-40 iklo
bIj vrqo [ kqwrW ivckwr &wslw 22-25 sYNtImItr r`Ko[ jykr is`lH G`t jW drimAwnI hovy
qW kqwrW ivckwr &wslw 25-30 sYNtImItr kr idE [
ibjweI dw FMg : kxk dI ibjweI AkqUbr dy AwKrI h&qy qoN nvMbr dy pihly h&qy Kwd-
bIj fir`l nwl kr idE [ jykr kxk dw jMm mwVw, Bwv 50 pRqISq qoN G`t hovy Aqy bwrSW
15 dsMbr qoN pihlW ho jwx qW ibjweI dubwrw kro [
jykr ibjweI smyN v`qr G`t hovy qW bIj kuJ fUMGw (8-10 sYNtImItr) bIjo Aqy kqwrW
ivckwr &wslw 30 sYNtImItr r`Ko [
KwdW : jykr is`lH dI pUrI sMBwl kIqI jwvy qW brwnI hwlqW iv`c KwdW dI vrqoN bhuq
lwhyvMd rihMdI hY [ jykr im`tI prK nw krweI hovy qW drimAwnIAW aupjwaU hwlqW smyN
A`gy d`sy Anuswr KwdW pwE[

16
 q`q* (iklo pRqI eykV) KwdW (iklo pRqI eykV)

zmIn dI iksm nweItRojn &wsPors potwS** XUrIAw supr imaUrt

y
&ws&yt AwP potwS
ryqlIAW Bl vwlIAW, 32 16 12 70 100 20
Aqy cIkxIAW Bl
vwlIAW zmInW jo kw&I
is`lH sMBwl skdIAW hn
Bl vwlI ryqlI qoN 16 8 6 35 50 10
ryqlIAW zmInW jo G`t
is`lH sMBwl skdIAW hn

** potwS q`q dI vrqoN kyvl audoN kro jdoN im`tI prK Anuswr ies dI Gwt hovy [
KwdW pwaux dw smW Aqy FMg : ryqlIAW Bl vwlIAW Aqy cIkxIAW Bl vwlIAW zmInW iv`c
A`DI nweItRojn Aqy pUrI &ws&ors KwdW ibjweI smyN firl kro Aqy bwkI dI A`DI nweItRojn
vwlI Kwd dw srdIAW dIAW bwrSW vyly C`tw dy idE jdik Bl vwlI ryqlI qoN ryqlIAW zmInW
iv`c swrIAW KwdW ibjweI smyN fir`l kro [
gofI : do gofIAW zrUr kro [ ies nwl ndInW dw Kwqmw vI hovygw Aqy nwl hI zmIn dI
auprlI sqHw qoN pwxI dw au~fxw vI Gtygw[ ies krky zmIn dI is`lH kwiem rhygI [
kxk dI ktweI qy ghweI : Psl nUM smyN isr Aqy shI nmIN qy ktx nwl dwixAW dy Kyq
ivc JVn , ghweI vyly tutx Aqy keI hor nukswn Gt jWdy hn[ kxk dI Psl nUM pUrI qrHW
pkx qoN pMj idn pihlW kitAw jw skdw hY [ ies qrHW krn nwl JwV jW dwixAW dI augx
sækqI qy koeI mwVw Asr nhIN pYNdw[ ies kMm leI kMbweInW dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY, jo
kxk dI vwFI Aqy ghweI nwlo nwl krdIAW hn [ vwFI iv`c dyrI krn nwl dwixAW dw nukswn
huMdw hY [ qUVI vwlI kMbweIn nwl QrYSr dy mukwbly qkrIbn 60% hI cMgI qUVI bxdI hY [ ies
qoN ielwvw kxk dI vwFI leI trYktr nwl c`lx vwly vrtIkl knvyAr rIpr dI vrqoN kIqI
jw skdI hY jo ik kxk nUM kt ky Kyq ivc iek pwsy FyrIAW lwauNdw hY [ iehnw FyrIAW nUM lybr
rwhIN iekTw krky Kyq ivc hI trYktr nwl c`lx vwly QrYSr nwl ghweI kIqI jw skdI hY[
QrYSr dI vrqoN swvDwnI nwl kro qW ik koeI hwdsw nw ho jwvy[ cMgy nqIjy lYx leI QrYSr nUM
kxk leI isPwrS kIqI hoeI cwl qy clwE (dyKo KyqI ieMjInIAirMg AMiqkw-3)[ ies AMiqkw
iv`c kxk leI vrqIAW jwx vwlIAW mSInW bwry ivsQwr ivc disAw igAw hY[ jykr kxk
iv`c nmIN bhuq ijAwdw (20%) hovy qW toky vwly QrYSr dI vrqoN kro [
stor krnw: jykr dwixAW ivc 10% qoN vD islH hovy qW stor krn qoN pihlW iehnw nUM
cMgI qrHW sukw lvo nhIN qW dwxy Krwb ho jwxgy[ dwxy stor krn qoN pihlW iehnw nUM sukwaux
mgroN swP krn leI pwvr nwl clx vwly Cwnxy dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI huY ies qrHW dwixAW
nUM stor krn nwl auhnw nUM Krwb hox qoN bcwieAw jw skdw hY [ kxk nUM gudwm ivc sMBwlx
sbMDI gudwmW ivc dwixAW dy kIVy vwlw Bwg pVHo [
17
pOd sur`iKAw
(a) kIVy
1. isauNk : isauNk &sl bIjx dy CyqI ip`CoN qy Pyr p`kx smyN bhuq nukswn krdI hY[ ies
dy hmly nwl bUty su`k jWdy hn Aqy mry bUty sOKy hI pu`ty jw skdy hn [ ies dI rokQwm leI bIj
nUM 4 imlIiltr frsbwn/rUbwn/frmt 20 eI sI (klorpweIrI&ws) jW 6 imlIiltr rIjYNt
5% AY~s sI (iPproinl) pRqI iklo bIj iv`c rlw ky soDo [ frsbwn/rUbwn/frmt 20 eI sI
160 imlIiltr jW 240 imlIiltr rIjYNt 5 AYs sI lY ky ie`k iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky 40
iklo bIj dI p`ky PrS, qrpwl jW plwsitk dI SIt qy pqlI qih ivCw ky iCVkw kro [
not
• isauNk dI rokQwm leI vrqIAW zihrW guJIAw BUMfI Aqy jVHW dy qyly nUM vI rok idMdIAW hn[
• klorpweIrI&ws nwl soDy hoey bIj dw pMCI G`t nukswn krdy hn[
2. cypw : cypy dy hmly nwl p`qy pIly pY jWdy hn [ ienHW dI rokQwm leI 40 imlIiltr
ieimfwklopirf 17.8 AY~s AY~l jW 20 gRwm QwieAwmYQoksm 25 fblXU jI jW 12 gRwm
fyntwp 50 fblXU fI jI (kloQIAwnIfIn)* jW 150 imlIiltr rogr 30 eI sI (fweImYQoeyt)
jW mYtwisstwks 25 eI sI (AOksIfYmyton mIQweIl) nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky pRqI
eykV dy ihswb nwl nYpsYk pMp nwl iCVkwA kro [ motr vwly pMp dI vrqoN leI pwxI dI
mwqrw 30 iltr q`k GtweI jw skdI hY [
not
• cypy dI rokQwm is`ty pYx vyly kro [ (dyKo Poto nM. 2 s&w nM. 197) kIt-nwSk qW hI iCVko jykr 5
cypy pRqI is`tw hox (ie`k eykV Kyq dy hryk cwr ih`isAW iv`cNo cuxy 10-10 is`itAW dy AwDwr qy[
• ikauNik cypy dw hmlw pihlW Kyq dy bwhrly ih`isAW qy huMdw hY [ ies leI iCVkwA isr& Aijhy
hmly vwly ih`sy qy hI kro qW ik cypy dw hmlw A`gy PYlx qoN roikAw jw sky [
3. sYink suMfI : ieh suMfI kxk qy jONAW dI &sl dy p`qy Aqy is`ty mwrc-ApRYl dy
mhIny bhuq burI qrHW KWdI hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI 200 imlIiltr nUvwn 85 AYs AYl
(fweIklorovws) jW 400 imlIiltr eykwlks 25 eI sI (kuienl&ws) nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI
iv`c Gol ky, pRqI eykV dy ihswb nYpsYk pMp nwl iCVkwA kro [ motr vwly pMp leI pwxI 30
iltr hI kw&I hY [ ieh dvweIAW qyly dI rokQwm vI krngIAW [
4. CoilAW dy f`ifAW dI suMfI (AmrIkx suMfI) : ies dw hmlw kxk p`kx vyly is`itAW
iv`c dwixAW qy huMdw hY [ kpwh qoN bwAd bIjI kxk qy ies dw nukswn izAwdw huMdw hY [ ies
qy kwbU pwaux leI 800 imlIiltr eykwlks 25 eI sI (kuienl&ws) nUM 100 iltr pwxI iv`c
pRqI eykV leI Gol ky ip`TU pMp nwl iCVkwA kro[
5. qxy dI gulwbI suMfI : ies dIAW suMfIAW Coty bUitAW dy qixAW iv~c morIAW krky AMdr
clIAW jWdIAW hn qy AMdrlw mwdw KWdIAW hn ijs nwl bUty pIly pY jWdy hn, su`k jWdy hn
qy AKIr iv~c mr jWdy hn [ ies dI rokQwm leI kxk au~pr 800 imlIiltr kuienlPws
25 qwkq nUM 100 iltr pwxI iv~c Gol ky FolkI vwly pMp nwl iCVkwA kro [

18
 6. BUrI jUM : ies dy hmly nwl p`qy pIly pY jWdy hn [ ies dI rokQwm leI auhI kItnwSkW
dI vrqoN kro jo cypy dI rokQwm leI vrqIAW jWdIAW hn [
(A) ibmwrIAW
1. kxk dw pIlw pYxw : Awm qOr qy p`qy jW p`iqAW dIAW nokW pIlIAW ho jWdIAW hn [
ies ip`CoN p`iqAW aupr ctwK jW dwg ijhy nzr AwauNdy hn [ &sl vDdI nhIN Aqy ies dy
mrn dw fr huMdw hY[ izMk dI Gwt kwrn vI &sl v`DdI nhIN qy JwVIdwr rihMdI hY [ p`iqAW
qy ctwK pY jWdy hn [ p`qy ivckwroN tu`t jWdy hn [ nvyN p`iqAW dy pIlypx dw kwrn gMDk dI
Gwt, jd ik purwxy p`iqAW iv`c ieh inSwnIAW nweItRojn dI Gwt krky huNMdIAW hn [
• hlkI zmIn iv`c pRqI eykV 25 iklo izMk slPyt pwE [ ieh 2-3 swl leI kw&I
rhygw[
• KwdW dy isrlyK hyT id`qIAW hdwieqW Anuswr potwS Kwd nUM nweItRojn qy &ws&ors KwdW dy
nwl pwE [
• TMF, kory Awid dy mwVy Asr nUM dUr krn leI loVINdI mwqrw iv`c pwxI idE [
• jy zmIn iv`c isst nymwtof hox qW 13 iklo PUrwfwn 3 jI pRqI eykV dy ihswb ibjweI
smyN pwE [
• gMDk dI Gwt nUM dUr krn leI 100 iklo ijpsm • pIlI kuMgI qoN bcwA leI ies
pRqI eykV pwE [ ibmwrI dw twkrw krn vwlIAW
2. kxk dIAW kuMgIAW : kxk nUM hyT ilKIAW kuMgIAW iksmW nUM qrjIh idau [
AwmqOr qy l`gdIAW hn [ • jnvrI-PrvrI iv`c lgqwr
pIlI kuMgI : p`iqAW qy pIly D`by/lMmIAW DwrIAW dy KyqW dw srvyKx kro Aqy pIlI
kuMgI dI Awmd nUM DoVIH AW iv`c hI
rUp iv`c idKweI idMdy hn ijnHW qy pIlw hldI numw DUVw
is&wrS au~lInwSk nwl roko[
nzr AwauNdw hY (dyKo Poto nM. 3 s&w nM 197) [ pIlI
kuMgI dw hmlw nIm phwVI ielwikAW iv`c sB qoN pihlW • krnwl bMt rihq bIj pYdw krn
leI is`ty pYx qy ‘itlt/PolIkur’
huMdw hY [
dw ie`k iCVkwA kro [
BUrI kuMgI : gol sMqrI rMg dy D`by jo ik byqrqIby jW
iek`Ty huMdy hn, p`iqAW qy pY jWdy hn ijnHW qy sMqrI rMgw DUVw nzr AwauNdw hY [
pIlI qy BUrI kuMgI qoN bcwA leI rog rihq iksmW ijvyN ik pI bI fblXU 677, AY~c fI
3086, fblXU AY~c 1105, fblXU AY~c fI 943, pI fI fblXU 291, pI fI fblXU 233, tI
AYl 2908, pI bI fblXU 660 Aqy pI bI fblXU 527 bIjo [ ies qoN ielwvw pI bI fblXU
621 Aqy AY`c fI 2967, ijs au~pr pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI G`t l`gdI hY, bIjI jwvy[ ibmwrI
nzr Awaux qy itlt 25 eI sI jW SweIn 25 eI sI jW bMpr 25 eI sI jW kMmpws 25 eI
sI jW mwrkzol 25 eI sI 200 im.il. 200 iltr pwxI pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl iCVkwA
kro [ gMBIr hwlqW iv`c dUjw iCVkwA 15 idnW dy vkPy qy kro qW jo tIsI vwlw p`qw ibmwrI
rihq rhy [
3. kWigAwrI : ieh au~lI is`itAW nUM iblkul qbwh kr dyNdI hY Aqy aunHW AMdr dwixAW
dI QW kwlw ijhw DUVw bx jWdw hY[

19
• rog rihq iksmW ijvyN ik fblXU AYc fI 943, pI fI fblXU 291, pI fI fblXU 233
Aqy tI AYl 2908 bIjx dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [
• meI-jUn dy mhIny kxk dy bIj nUNM svyry 8 vjy qoN lY ky dupihr dy 12 vjy q`k Awm pwxI
iv`c iBauN ky r`Ko [ aus idn Du`p KUUb hovy [ ip`CoN ieh bIj p`ky PrS, ctweIAW jw qrpwlW
au~pr Du`p iv`c su`kxy pw idE [ bIj dI pqlI qih ivCwauxI cwhIdI hY [ kxk nUM cMgI
qrHW sukw ky KuSk QW qy r`Ko [
• bIj nUM is&wrS Anuswr soDo [
4. p`iqAW dI kWigAwrI : pOdy dw Akwr G`t jWdw hY [ p`iqAW dy au~pr slytI jW kwly rMg
dIAW DwrIAW pY jWdIAW hn [ ienHW iv`coN P`tx nwl kwly ijhy kx inkldy hn [ ibmwrI vwly
bUitAW nUM pu`t ky swV idau [ kxk dy bIj nUM rYksl 60 AYP AYs 13 im.il. pRqI 40 ik`lo
bIj (13 im.il dvweI nMU 30 im.il. pwxI iv`c Gol ky 40 ik`lo bIj nUM lgwE) jW vItwvYks
pwvr 75 fblXU AYs 120 gRwm pRqI 40 ik`lo bIj jW vItwvYks 75 fblXU pI 80 gRwm pRqI
40 ik`lo bIj jW sIfYks 2 fI AYs 40 gRwm pRqI 40 ik`lo bIj dy ihswb nwl ibjweI qoN pihlW
soD lE [ ibjweI fUMGI nw kro [
rog rihq iksmW ijvyN ik fblXU AYc fI 943, pI fI fblXU 291, pI fI fblXU 233
Aqy tI AYl 2908 bIjo [
5. m`mxI Aqy tuMfU : ibmwr pOdy PYlvyN Aqy Pu`ly mu`FW vwly huMdy hn[ is`ty iv`c dwixAW dI
QW BUrI jW kwlI m`mxI bx jWdI hY [ izAwdw ibmwrI kwrn pOdy Coty rih jWdy hn Aqy mr vI
skdy hn [ tuMfU dI ibmwrI nwl pOdy qy pIlw Aqy icpicpw mwdw bx jWdw hY [
m`mxI hlkI huMdI hY Aqy ieh pwxI aupr qr AwauNdI hY Aqy BwrI bIj pwxI iv`c fu`b jWdw
hY [ bIj nUM swdy pwxI iv`c pw ky KUb ihlwE ijs nwl m`mxI pwxI aupr qr AwvygI [ ies nUM
bwhr k`Fo Aqy swV idE [ bIj nUM cMgI qrHW sukw ky sWB lvo [
6. pOdy jW p`iqAW dw Julsxw, dwxy dy iClky dI kwlI nok : p`iqAW aupr BUry dwg pY jWdy
hn[ is`itAW iv`c dwxy mwVy pYNdy hn Aqy JurV-murV ho jWdy hn [ aunWH dy isry kwly huMNdy hn[
bIj nUM 3 gRwm pRqI iklo dy ihswb nwl QIrm jW kYptw&* (83 pRqISq) dvweI nwl soDo[
7. molIAw rog : pOdy Coty rih jWdy hn [ rMg pIlw pY jWdw hY [ SwKW G`t jWdIAW hn [
is`ty Coty rih jWdy hn [ hmly vwly bUitAW dIAW jVHW CotIAW rih jWdIAW hn qy hor CotIAW
jVHW Pu`tdIAW hn, ijs nwl ieh jVHW gu`Cw-mu`Cw ho jWdIAW hn [ &sl p`kx nyVy jVHW aupr
spSt qOr qy rog dIAW ic`tIAW auBrvIAW gMFW idKweI dyNdIAW hn [ ies ibmwrI dI rokQwm
leI meI-jUn dy mhIny iv`c zmIn nMU vwh ky cMgI qrHW Du`p luAwE [ vDyry rogI zmIn iv`c
gYr AnwjI &sl c`kr ApxwE [ ibjweI smyN PUrwfwn 3 jI 13 iklo pRqI eykV dy ihswb
vrqo [
8. krnwl bMt : ies ibmwrI nwl is`itAW iv`c kuJ dwixAW dy ih`sy qy Asr huMdw hY [
jykr ibmwrI vwly dwixAW nUM h`QW iv`c lY ky milAw jwvy qW kwly rMg dy ikxky bwhr in`kldy
hn ijnHW dI BYVI durgMD huMdI hY [ ies rog dw twkrw krn vwlIAW iksmW ijvyN ik fblXU
AYc fI 943, pI fI fblXU 291, pI fI fblXU 233 Aqy tI AYl 2908 syNjU ielwikAW iv`c
Aqy pI bI fblXU 527 brwnI ielwikAW iv`c bIjo [ bIj vwlI &sl qy itlt/PolIkur 25 eI

20
sI 200 imlIiltr pRqI eykV dy ihswb 200 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky is`ty in`klx vyly ie`k
iCVkwA ies ibmwrI dI rokQwm leI kro [
9. ic`toN dw rog : ies rog nwl pOdy dy swirAW ih`isAW auqy AnykW ic`ty Awty vrgy D`by pY
jWdy hn [ ienHW dw rMg slytI jW lwl BUrw pY jWdw hY [ rogI bUitAW dy p`iqAW dw Awkwr qy
igxqI G`t jwx krky pOdy G`t v`Ddy hn [ ies ibmwrI dw twkrw krn vwlI tI AYl 2908
iksm bIjo [ kYrwQyn 40 eI sI 0.05 pRqISq (100 imlIiltr dvweI 200 iltr pwxI) dw
iCVkwA kro jW itlt 25 eI sI 200 imlIiltr 200 lItr pwxI iv`c pw ky iCVkwA kro[
10. is`itAW dw Juls rog jW skYb rog : is`ty dy swry jw kuJ ih`sy dw rMg iP`kw pY jWdw hY
jW BUrw ho jWdw hY [ jdoN nmI izAwdw hovy qW gulwbI rMg dI au~lI is`ty qy vyKI jw skdI hY[
ibmwrI vwly is`itAW iv`c jW qW dwxy iblkul nhIN bxdy Aqy jykr bxdy vI hn qW auh
JurVy Aqy Coty huMdy hn [ ibmwrI qoN rihq bIj dI vrqoN krnI cwhIdI hY [ vfwxk iksmW
is`itAW dy Juls rog jW skYb dw G`t twkrw kr skdIAW hn ies leI ienHW iksmW dI kwSq
izAwdw nmIN vwly ielwikAW ^ws krky dirAwvW nyVy nhIN krnI cwhIdI [
(e) cUhy : dyKo cUihAW Aqy pMCIAW dw pRbMD (AiDAwie 13)

jON

jONAW dI kwSq Awm qOr qy aunHW zmInW iv`c kIqI jWdI hY ijQy pwxI dIAW shUlqW G`t
hox[ pMjwb iv`c jONAW dI kwSq 2013-14 dOrwn 12 hzwr hYktyAr BUmI iv`c kIqI geI Aqy
ies dI ku`l aupj 46 hzwr tn hoeI Aqy AOsq JwV 38.36 kuieMtl pRqI hYktyAr (15.34
kuieMtl pRqI eykV) irhw [
mOsm : jONAW nUM SurU iv`c TMF dI loV huMdI hY pr p`kx vyly grm qy KuSk mOsm cwhIdw hY[
jON soky dw cMgw mukwblw kr lYNdy hn, ies leI ieh G`t vrKw vwly ielwikAW leI FukvIN
&sl hY [
zmIn : jONAW dI &sl cMgy jl inkws vwlIAW zmInW iv`c hI cMgI huMdI hY [ ieh &sl
hlkIAW zmInW ijvyN ik ryqlIAW Aqy k`lr vwlIAW zmInW iv`c vI kwmXwbI nwl augweI jw
skdI hY [ klrwTI zmIn dI soD dy pihly pVwvW iv`c ieh &sl leI jw skdI hY [
&sl c`kr : Jonw-jON, swauxI dy cwry-jON, kpwh-jON Aqy bwjrw-jON [
au~nq iksmW :
pI AY~l 807 (2009) : ieh Cy kqwrW vwlI mDrI bOxI Aqy sKq qxy vwlI jOAW dI PIf
vwlI iksm hY [ ies dy p`qy drimAwny Awkwr dy Aqy KVHvyN huMdy hn [ ieh nw Fihx vwlI
iksm hY [ ies dy is`ty sMGxy, KVHvyN, ieko ijhy Akwr vwly Aqy drimAwny ksIrW vwly huMdy
hn[ ies dy dwxy drimAwny moty Aqy hlky pIly rMg dy huMdy hn [ ies iksm nUM pIlI Aqy BUrI
kuMgI, is`itAW dI kWigAwrI, Juls rog Aqy DwrIAW dw rog G`t l`gdy hn [ ies nUM syNjU hwlqW
iv`c smyN isr bIjx dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [ ieh 137 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw
AOsq JwV 17.2 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [

21
 fI fblXU Awr XU bI 52 (2008) : ieh do kqwrW vwlI iksm hY [ ies dy p`qy drimAwny
Awkwr dy Aqy KVHvyN huMdy hn [ ies dw AOsqn k`d 101 sYNtImItr hY [ BrpUr SwKW Pu`tdIAW
hn Aqy sKq qxy kwrn G`t if`gdI hY [ ies dy is`ty sMGxy, KVHvyN Aqy qIr dy Akwr vwly
drimAwny ksIrW vwly huMdy hn [ ies dy dwxy moty, sKq Aqy hlky pIly rMg dy pqlI iC`l vwly
huMdy hn[ ies iksm nUM pIlI Aqy BUrI kuMgI, is`itAW dI kWigAwrI, bMd kWigAwrI Aqy Juls
rog G`t l`gdy hn [ ieh iksm Kws krky bIAr audXog leI bhuq lwhyvMd hY [ ieh iksm
140 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY[ ies dw AOsq JwV 17.3 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI AYl 426 (1994) : ieh Cy kqwrI is`itAW vwlI, kuJ mDrI, s^q qxy vwlI Aqy nw
Fihx vwlI iksm hY [ ies dy p`qy cOVy Aqy KVHvyN huMdy hn[ ies iv`c pIlI kuMgI, kWigAwrI
Aqy bMd kWigAwrI rogW dw twkrw krn dI bhuq smr`Qw hY [ ieh iksm p`qy dIAW DwrIAW dy
rog nUNM vI J`lx dI smr`Qw r`KdI hY pr qyolw kuJ h`d q`k l`g jWdw hY [ ies dy dwxy ie`kswr,
moty Aqy iClkw pqlw huMdw hY[ ies nUM pMjwb iv`c syNjU hwlqW iv`c bIjx dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI
hY[ ieh iksm 124 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 14 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
zmIn dI iqAwrI : zmIn dI iqAwrI ausy pRkwr kro ijvyN ik kxk dI brwnI KyqI Q`ly
pihlW d`isAw igAw hY [ brwnI ielwikAW iv`c dysI hl nwl 2-3 vwr vwhuxw kw&I hY Aqy
hr vwhI ip`CoN suhwgw &yrnw zrUrI hY [
ibjweI dw smW Aqy FMg : cMgw JwV lYx leI jONAW dI &sl 15 AkqUbr qoN 15 nvMbr q`k
bIjo [ d`Kx-p`CmI ijilHAW iv``c ijQy Awm qOr qy ieh &sl brwnI huMdI hY auQy AgyqI ibjweI
lwhyvMd rihMdI hY[ ijauN-ijauN &sl pCyqI hovygI iqauN-iqauN ies dw JwV G`tdw jwvygw[ jykr
Kyq iv`c v`qr kw&I hY qW jONAW dI ibjweI kyry nwl kro [
brwnI ielwikAW iv`c ijQy zmIn dI auprlI qih iv`c v`qr G`t hovy auQy ibjweI pory nwl
kro[ kyry qoN bwAd suhwgw mwrnw bhuq zrUrI hY pr pory qoN bwAd suhwgy dI koeI loV nhIN [
ieh ibjweI Kwd bIj firl nwl vI kIqI jw skdI hY [ (vyKo KyqI ieMjnIAirMg)
ibnW vhweI ibjweI : jON ibnW vhwey vI zIro itl firl nwl bIjy jw skdy hn [ ijnHW
KyqW iv`c ndIn izAwdw hox au~Qy A`Dw iltr gRwmYkson 200 iltr pwxI iv`c imlw ky iCVkx
nwl bIjx qoN pihlW aunWH dI rokQwm kr skdy hW [ jOAW nUM ibnW vhwey bIjx dy keI lwB
hn ijvyN ik fIzl Aqy smyN dI b`cq, vwXUmMfl dw G`t pRdUSx, pihlI isMcweI smyN pwxI dI
b`cq, ndInW dI G`t sm`isAw, pihly pwxI qoN bwAd jOAW dy p`iqAW dw pIlw nw pYxw qy jOAW
dw G`t if`gxw Awid[ ienHW kwrnW krky &sl JwV pUrw idMdI hY qy Krcw vI G`t AwauNdw hY[
ienHW lwBW qoN ibnW ies FMg nwl izAwdw rkby qy jOAW dI &sl dI bIjweI smyN isr kIqI jw
skdI hY [
bIj dI mwqrw Aqy &wslw : syNjU KyqW iv`c cMgI &sl lYx leI 35 iklo bIj pRqI eykV
vrqo[ brwnI Aqy pCyqI ibjweI leI 45 iklo bIj pRqI eykV vrqxw cwhIdw hY [ isAwVW
ivckwr &wslw vyly isr dI ibjweI leI 22.5 sYNtImItr Aqy brwnI qy pCyqI ibjweI leI
18 qoN 20 sYNtImItr r`Ko [
bIj dI soD : ibjweI qoN pihlW bIj nUM vItwvYks jW rYkisl 1.5 gRwm pRqI ik`lo bIj dy
ihswb nwl soD lau [ ies nwl kWigAwrI, bMd kWigAwrI Aqy DwrIAW dw rog nhIN l`gdw [
22
Du`p nwl soD vwlw qrIkw jo kxk dI kWigAwrI dI rokQwm leI vrqdy hW, jONAW dI kWigAwrI
dI rokQwm leI vI ApxwieAw jw skdw hY [
ndInW dI rokQwm : pihly pwxI qoN bwAd Kyq v`qr Awaux qy ie`k gofI zrUr kro [ phIey
vwlI suDrI hoeI iqRPwlI nwl gofI ssqI pYNdI hY [ ndInW dI rokQwm rswiexW nwl vI kIqI
jw skdI hY [ vyly isr bIjI &sl iv`c cOVy p`iqAW vwly ndInW (bwQU, ip`q pwpVw Awid)
dI rokQwm leI 250 gRwm 2, 4-fI sofIAm swlt (80 pRqISq) jW 250 im.lI. 2, 4-fI
eIQweIl AYstr (38 pRqISq) pRqI eykV nUM 150 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky ibjweI qoN 40-50
idnW AMdr iCVkwA kro [ ieh iDAwn r`Ko ik &sl ny ies vyly pUrw bUJw mwr ilAw hovy pr
nwlI nUM Ajy gMFW nw peIAW hox [ ies qoN ielwvw cOVy p`qy vwly ndInW dI rokQwm jO dI ibjweI
qoN 30 idn ip~CoN 8 gRwm AYlgir`p (mYtslPUrwn 20 fblXU pI) 150 iltr pwxI ivc Gol
ky pRqI eykV dy ihswb iCVkwA krn nwl kIqI jw skdI hY [ ieh ndIn nwSk swry cOVy p`qy
vwly ndInW Aqy s^qjwn ndIn ijvyN ik kMifAwlI pwlk dI vI rokQwm krdI hY ijhVI 2-4,
fI dI vrqoN nwl nhIN mrdI [
jONAW iv`c jONDr dI rokQwm leI AweIsopRotXUrwn dI vrqoN kro ijvyN ik kxk vwly AiDAwie
iv`c d`isAw igAw hY[ jOAW iv`c gu`lI fMfy dI rokQwm leI 1 iltr trYPlwn/trYmr nUM 200
iltr pwxI pRqI eykV iv`c Gol ky ibjweI qoN 2 idnW dy iv`c iCVkwA kro[ ies qoN ielwvw
400 im.il. pRqI eykV ipaUmw pwvr 10 eI sI jW 160 gRwm pRqI eykV tOipk/puAwieMt/mOlwh/
rkSk pl`s/jY ivjy 15 fblXU pI dw bIjweI qoN 30-35 idnW AMdr 150 iltr pwxI dI vrqo
krky iCVkwA krnw cwhIdw hY [
isMcweI : jONAW dI BrpUr &sl pRwpq krn leI ikMny pwxI dyxy cwhIdy hn, ieh bwrS qy
inrBr krdw hY [ d`Kx-p`CmI KuSk ijilHAW iv`c do pwxI Aqy bwkI ijilHAW iv`c ie`k hI
pwxI kw&I hY jo ik ibjweI qoN 5-6 h&qy ip`CoN idE [
KwdW : KwdW dI vrqoN im`tI pr^ AwDwr qy kro (vyKo im`tI prK AiDAwie) [ jy im`tI dI
pr^ nhIN krvweI qW drimAwnI aupjwaU zmIn leI KwdW dI hyT d`sI mwqrw vrqo[
* q`q (iklo/eykV) KwdW (iklo/eykV)
nweItRojn &wsPors potwS** XUrIAw*** fI ey pI jW supr&ws&yt imaUrt
y Aw& potwS

25 12 6 55 27 75 10
* ieh q`q bwzwr iv`coN imldIAW hor KwdW qoN vI pRwpq kIqy jw skdy hn[
** potwS q`q kyvl audoN vrqo jdoN im`tI prK Anuswr Gwt hovy [
*** jykr fI ey pI dI is&wrS kIqI mwqrw pweI hovy qW XUrIey dI mwqrw 10 iklo pRqI eykV Gtw
idE [
not : ieh is&wrSW drimAwnIAW aupjwaU zmInW leI FukvIAW hn, G`t Aqy v`D aupjwaU zmInW
leI ‘im`tI prK’ AiDAwie dyKo [
KwdW pwaux dw smW qy FMg : ibjweI vyly swrIAW KwdW firl kr idE[ jy nweItrojn XUrIey
dI Skl iv`c pwauxI hovy qW ies nUM rOxI qoN POrn pihlW pwE [

23
 Kwls bIj pYdw krnw : cMgw buinAwdI bIj iksy pRmwixq sMsQw pwsoN lYxw cwhIdw hY [ bIj
vwlI &sl dw Kws iDAwn r`Kxw cwhIdw hY [ bImwr qy Epry bUty lgwqwr kuJ smyN bwAd pu`tdy
rho [ &sl dI ktweI qy ghweI smyN iDAwn r`Ko ik cMgy bIj iv`c mwVw bIj nw rl jwvy[
vwFI : p`kx qoN CyqI hI ip`CoN &sl v`F lYxI cwhIdI hY [ jy dyr ho jwvy qW &sl if`g jWdI
hY Aqy dwxy vI ikr jWdy hn [
pOd sur`iKAw
(a) kIVy
m`kI dy p`qy dw cypw jONAW dw gMBIr kIVw hY [ kIiVAW dI rokQwm leI kxk dI &sl vwly
hI aupwA kro [
(A) ibmwrIAW
1. DwrIAW dw rog : p`iqAW au~qy pIlIAW qy iPr BUrIAW DwrIAW bx jWdIAW hn [ ies
rog dy Asr nwl pOdy Coty rih jWdy hn qy p`qy vI muV jWdy hn [ insrx smyN ibmwr bUitAW
dy is`ty su`k jWdy hn [ bIj nUM soD ky bIjo [ bIj rog rihq KyqW iv`coN lE [ Kyq dI s&weI r`Ko
Aqy &slW dw 3-4 swlw &slI c`kr ApxwE[
2. bMd kwigAwrI : jON dw swrw is`tw, isvwey ksIrW dy, ie`k kwly mwdy iv`c bdl jWdw hY[
DwrIAW dy rog vwlw ielwj kro [ pCyqI qy G`t fUMGI ibjweI nwl vI rog dw Asr G`t jWdw
hY[ bIj nUM soD ky bIjo [
3. kWigAwrI : kWigAwrI &Ylwaux vwlw mwdw kmzor ijhI iJ`lI iv`c vlHyitAw huMdw hY,
ijhVI ik jldI hI P`t jWdI hY qy ijs nwl kwlw DUVydwr mwdw Ku`lH jWdw hY [ ieh kwlw mwdw
hvw nwl au~f ky iK`lr jWdw hY [ ip`CoN is`ty dI nMgI fMfI hI rih jWdI hY [ DwrIAW dy rog
vwlw ielwj kro [ ies rog dI mYdwnI ielwikAW iv`c sUrj dI Du`p vwly Aml duAwrw cMgI
qrHW rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY [ ivsQwr leI kxk vwly kWf iv`c pVHo [
4. pIlI kuMgI : ies ibmwrI nwl p`iqAW aupr pIly rog dy kx ijhy DwrIAW iv`c l`gy nzr
AwauNdy hn [ jykr ibmwrI dw hmlw bhuq hovy qW ies dw Asr is`ty dy ksIrW Aqy GuMfIAW
aupr vI ho jWdw hY [ kyvl rog dw twkrw krn Xog iksmW bIjo, ijvyN ik pI AY~l 807, fI
fblXU Awr XU bI 52, Aqy pI AYl 426 [
5. bIj dw glxw, pOdy Aqy is`itAW dw Juls rog : dwxy DrqI ivc hI glH skdy hn jW
v`D rhI &sl dy p`iqAW Aqy is`itAW qy BUry D`by ijhVy Juls rog bx jWdy hn [ rog rihq
iksm ijvyN pI AY~l 807 dI vrqoN kro [

24
 isAwlU m`kI
pMjwb iv`c isAwlU m`kI dI kwSq nwl KyqI iv`c iBMnqw ilAwaux iv`c m`dd imldI hY [
zmIn dI iksm Aqy Kyq dI cox : cMgy jl inkws vwlI, ryqlI mYrw qy ryqlI Bl vwlI
zmIn iv`c m`kI cMgI huMdI hY [ auh Kyq, ijnHW iv`c aupjwaU mwdw bhuq hovy, m`kI dI kwSq leI
FukvyN hn [ ijnHW KyqW iv`c ru`K hox auQy m`kI nhIN bIjxI cwhIdI ikauNik CW hyT bUitAW dw
vwDw G`t huMdw hY Aqy JwV vI G`t in`kldw hY [ iPr vI Kyq dy au~qr v`l drKq, &sl dw TMF
qoN bcwA krdy hn [
&sl c`kr : Jonw-m`kI Aqy m`kI-m`kI [
au~nq iksmW
pI.AYm.AYc. 9 (2014): ieh lMby smyN iv`c p`kx vwlI Aqy TMF nUM shwrx vwlI doglI
iksm hY [ ies dy tWfy p`kx q`k hry rihMdy hn Aqy ieh bhuq G`t FihMdI hY [ ieh drimAwny
k`d vwlI iksm hY Aqy C`lIAW vI drimAwnI aucweI qy l`gdIAW hn [ ies dy p`qy cOVy hn [
ies dy bwbU JMfy Ku`l,y gulwbI rMg vwly Aqy drimAwny Awkwr dy huMdy hn [ ies dIAW C`lIAW
lMmIAW Aqy qu`ky hlky gulwbI rMg dy huMdy hn [ ies dy dwxy sMqrI pIly huMdy hn [ ies iv`c
Awm kuMgI dI ibmwrI nUM shwrx dI smr`Qw hY [ ieh iksm 180 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies
dw AOsq JwV 32.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
bulMd (2003) : ieh TMF nUM shwrn vwlI doglI iksm hY [ ies dy pOdy drimAwny lMby huMdy
hn Aqy C`lIAW vI drimAwnI aucweI qy lgdIAW hn [ ies dy p`qy KurdHry, lMmy, cOVy Aqy gUVyH
hry rMg dy huMdy hn [ bwbU JMfy iK`lry Aqy drimAwny Awkwr dy huMdy hn [ ies dIAW C`lIAW
ie`kswr drimAwnIAW lMmIAW Aqy izAwdw motweI dIAW huMdIAW hn [ ies dy dwxy moty Aqy
sMqrI pIly rMg dy huMdy hn [ ieh iksm 178 idnW iv`c p`kdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 31.0
kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[
not : sQwink iksmW TMF nhIN shwr skdIAW Aqy TMFy mOsm iv`c bhuq G`t JwV idMdIAW hn[
kwSq dy FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : zmIn nUM 4-5 vwr vwh-suhwg ky cMgI qrHW iqAwr kro Aqy aus nUM
FyilAW Aqy ndInW qoN mukq kro [ pihlI vwhI aultwvyN hl jW ifsk hYro nwl kro [
bIj dI mwqrw : ie`k eykV leI 10 iklo bIj loVINdw hY [
bIj dI soD : bIj nUM bwivstn* jW fYrosYl* jW AYgroizm* nwl soD lau [ ie`k iklo bIj
leI 3 gRwm dvweI vrqo [ nvW bIj (swauxI dI &sl qoN) vrqo [ hwVHI vwlw bIj vI vriqAw
jw skdw hY bSrqy ik aus nUM G`t qwpmwn Aqy G`t nmI dIAW hwlqW iv`c r`iKAw igAw hovy[
glq qrIky nwl r`iKAw puurwxw bIj srdI iv`c G`t au~gdw hY [
ibjweI dw smW : 25 AkqUbr qoN 30 nvMbr q`k [
ibjweI dw FMg : ibjweI pUrb-p`Cm v`l 60 sYNtImItr dI iv``Q qy v`tW bxw ky aunHW dy
d`Kx vwly pwsy 6-7 sYNtImItr dI aucweI qy 3-5 sYNtImItr fUMGy coky lw ky kro [ doglIAW
iksmW bulMd Aqy pI AYm AYc 9 leI bUty qoN bUty dw &wslw 20 sYNtImItr r`Ko [ v`tW qy ibjweI
25
trYktr nwl c`lx vwlI ir`jr mSIn au~qy l`gI sIf firl nwl AwswnI nwl kIqI jw skdI hY[
v`tW qy ibjweI p`DrI ibjweI nwloN hmySw &wiedymMd rihMdI hY pRMqU ies dw lwB pCyqI ibjweI
iv`c jdoN qwpmwn kw&I G`t jWdw hY, vDyry huMdw hY[ v`tW qy ibjweI dsMbr qoN jnvrI iv`c vI
kIqI jw skdI hY pr 20-40 pRqISq G`t JwV imldw hY[
isAwlU m`kI iv`c hor &slW dI kwSq : isAwlU m`kI qoN vDyry Awmdn lYx leI ies iv`c
mtrW (hrIAW PlIAW vwsqy) nUM m`kI dy isAwVW ivckwr bIijAw jw skdw hY [ ies qrHW krn
leI m`kI dIAW do kqwrW ivckwr mtrW dI ie`k kqwr bIjo [ ies qrHW bIjI rlvIN &sl nUM
korw pYx smyN pqlw Aqy CyqI pwxI idau [ ndInW dI rokQwm gofI nwl kro [
isAwlU m`kI dI kwSq p`qJV dy kmwd dIAW do kqwrW iv`c ie`k kqwr lw ky vI kIqI jw
skdI hy [ ibjweI 25 AkqUbr qoN lY ky 10 nvMbr q`k kmwd nUM pwxI lwaux qoN bwAd v`qr
iv`c kro [ kmwd nUM pweIAW KwdW qoN ielwvw m`kI dI &sl vwsqy 45 iklo nweItRojn, 16 iklo
&ws&ors Aqy 8 iklo potwS dI vrqoN kro [
&sl ivrlI krnw : jykr bUitAW dI igxqI is&wirS kIqy nwloN v`D hovy qW vwDU bUty k`F
idau [ bUty qoN bUty dw &wslw pihlW d`sy Anuswr r`Ko [ bUitAW nUM pihlI gofI vyly jW aus qoN
pihlW ivrly kro[
KwlI QwvW Brnw : pihlw pwxI lwaux smyN, KwlI QwvW qy pOdy kwmXwbI nwl lgwey jw skdy
hn [ ieh pOdy ausy Kyq jW dUjy KyqW iv`coN, ijQy pOdy loV qoN v`D hox, jW pnIrI iv`c jo Kws qOr
qy eysy mMqv leI bIjI geI hovy, ley jw skdy hn [ ieh cMgw hovygw jykr pnIrI dI aumr A`D
nvMbr qoN pihlW bIjI geI &sl vwsqy 4-6 idn Aqy A`D nvMbr qoN ip`CoN bIjI geI &sl
vwsqy 7-10 idn vDyrI hovy [
ndInW dI rokQwm : ndIn nwSk zihrW nwl ndInW dI rokQwm Asrdwiek Aqy G`t Krc
nwl ho skdI hY [ AYtrwtw& 50 fblXU pI (AYtrwzIn) 500 gRwm pRqI eykV dy ihswb 200
iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky ibjweI qoN 2-3 idnW dy AMdr-AMdr iCVko [ AYtrwtw& 50 fblXU
pI 600 gRwm pRqI eykV dy ihswb m`kI nUM au~gx qoN 30-35 idn ip`CoN vI iCVkI jw skdI hY[
ieh ndIn nwSk zihrW gu`lI fMfy, bwQU, jMglI jvIN Aqy KMfI dI vI bhuq Asrdwiek rokQwm
krdIAW hn [
ndInW dI rokQwm ie`k-ie`k mhIny dy &rk nwl 3-4 gofIAW krky vI kIqI jw skdI hY[
phIey vwlI suDrI hoeI iqRPwlI nwl gofI ssqI pYNdI hY [
not : ijnHW KyqW iv`c ieh ndIn nwSkW dI vrqoN krn mgroN dubwrw ibjweI dI loV pvy aunHW iv`c
kxk, rwieAw, jON, jvIN Aqy AgyqIAW k`dU jwqI dIAW sbzIAW dI ibjweI nw kro ikauNik ieh ndIn
nwSk zihrW ienHW &slW dy au~gx qy mwVw Asr krdIAW hn[
im`tI cVHwauxw : jnvrI dy dUjy pMdrHvwVy iv`c Kwd dI dUjI ikSq pwaux mgroN v`tW qy bIjI
&sl nUM im`tI cVHwauxI cwhIdI hY [
isMcweI : ies &sl nUM A`D mwrc q`k pwxI dI aunI hI loV hY ijMnI ik kxk nUM, pr aus
qoN bwAd 2 jW 3 izAwdw pwxI cwhIdy hn[ pihlw pwxI au~gx qoN 3-4 h&qy bwAd idayu, aus
qoN bwAd A`D mwrc q`k 4-5 h&qy dy vk&y qy Aqy A`D mwrc qoN bwAd pwxI 1-2 h&qy dy
vk&y nwl vrKw Aqy qwpmwn dy ihswb nwl idau [ pwxI hlky lwau, ikauNik bhuqy pwxI nwl

26
CotI &sl nUM TMF kwrn nukswn ho jWdw hY[ sUq k`qx Aqy dwixAW dy vwDy smyN &sl nUM pwxI
dI Gwt nw Awaux idau[
KwdW : isAwlU m`kI KwdW nUM bhuq mMndI hY[ nroeI &sl auqy TMF dw Asr vI G`t huNMdw hY[
ibjweI qoN pihlW 8-10 tn rUVI dI Kwd pRqI eykV dy ihswb pwau jW hrI Kwd dI vrqoN kro[
KwdW dI vrqoN im`tI prK dy AwDwr qy kro qW ik loVINdy q`q pUry pwey jw skx [ jykr im`tI
dI prK nw krweI hovy qW hyT ilKI imkdwr iv`c KwdW dI vrqoN kro [
*q`q (iklo pRqI eykV) KwdW (iklo pRqI eykV)

nweItRojn PwsPors potwS** XUrIAw fI ey pI*** jW supr- imaUrt

y Aw&
PwsPyt pootwS**
70 24 12 155 55 150 20

* ieh q`q mMfI iv`coN imldIAW hor KwdW qoN vI pRwpq kIqy jw skdy hn[ (dyKO AMiqkw 4)
** ies dI vrqo qW kro jykr im`tI prK dy AwDwr qy potwS q`q dI Gwt hovy[
*** jykr fI ey pI pweI hovy qW XUrIey dI mwqrw 20 iklo pRqI eykV Gtw idau[
not
G`t Aqy v`D aupjwaU zmInW leI ‘im`tI prK’ AiDAwie dyKo [
jykr rUVI dI vrqoN kIqI geI hovy qW hr tn rUVI ip`Cy 2 iklo nweItrojn Aqy 1 iklo &ws&ors
G`t pwau [ nweItrojn dI mwqrw iqMnW ikSqW iv`c ie`ko ijMnI Gtwau [

KwdW pwaux dw smW qy FMg : qIjw ih`sw nweItrojn Aqy swrI &ws&ors qy potwS ibjweI
vyly pw idayu [ qIjw ih`sw nweItrojn jnvrI dy A`D iv`c Aqy bwkI rihMdw qIjw ih`sw, bwbU
JMfy inklx vyly pwau[
izMk dI Gwt : bhuqw JwV dyx vwlIAW iksmW bIjx vwly ielwikAW iv`c izMk dI Gwt
Awm hY [ m`kI dy au~gx qoN do h&iqAW ivckwr izMk dI Gwt dIAW inSwnIAW nzr Awaux l`g
pYNdIAW hn [ SurU-SurU iv`c bUty dy au~proN dUjy jW qIjy p`qy dy muF
` v`l s&Yd jW hlkw pIlw p`tI
numw D``bw pY jWdw hY Aqy mu`K nwV dy dohIN pwsIN lwl rMg dIAW DwrIAW pY jWdIAW hn [ ieh
s&Yd p`tI numw D`bw bwAd iv`c p`qy dy isr v`l, mu`K nwV dy smwnMqr, vDxw SurU ho jWdw hY [
p`qy dI mu`K nwV Aqy isry hry rihMdy hn [ bUty m`Dry rihMdy hn Aqy qxy dIAW gMFW nyVy-nyVy
pYNdIAW hn [ jykr izMk dI Gwt mwmUlI hovy qW auprly p`iqAW qy ic`tIAW DwrIAW pY jWdIAW
hn jo ik mOsm dy A`D iv`c jw ky ht jWdIAW hn [ pr bwbU JMifAW dw bUr Aqy C`lIAW dw
sUq dyr nwl in`kldw hY[
jykr izMk dI Gwt m`kI qoN pihlI &sl iv`c nzr AweI hovy qW ibjweI smyN 10 iklo
izMk slPyt hYptwhweIfRyt (21%) jW 6.5 iklo izMk slPyt monohweIfRyt (33%) pRqI eykV dy
ihswb nwl Kyq iv`c imlw idau [ jykr izMk slPyt dI vrqoN ibjweI smyN nw kIqI geI hovy
Aqy m`kI dI &sl iv`c izMk dI Gwt dIAW inSwnIAW nzr Awaux qW 10 iklo izMk slPyt
hYptwhweIfRyt (21%) jW 6.5 iklo izMk slPyt monohweIfRyt (33%) ieqnI hI im`tI iv`c imlw
ky m`kI dIAW kqwrW dy nwl-nwl pw idau qy gofI krky im`tI iv`c imlw idau Aqy bwAd iv`c
27
&sl nUM pwxI idau[ jy izMk dI Gwt dw pqw Aijhy smyN l`gy jdoN gofI krnI muSkl hovy qW
izMk slPyt dI spryA vI kIqI jw skdI hY [ ie`k eykV vwsqy ieh spryA iqAwr krn leI
1200 gRwm izMk slPyt (hYptwhweIfRyt), 600 gRwm AxbuiJAw cUnw jW 750 gRwm izMk slPyt
monohweIfRyt, 375 gRwm AxbuiJAw cUnw Aqy 200 iltr pwxI vrqo [
vwFI Aqy dwxy k`Fxw : jdoN hwly tWfy Aqy p`qy zrw hry hI hox pr prdy su`ky hoey hox qW
&sl v`Fx leI iqAwr huMdI hY [ jdoN dwixAW iv`c nmI 15-20 pRqISq hovy qW C`lIAW qoN dwxy
k`F lau [ ies kMm leI h`Q nwl jW ibjlI nwl c`lx vwly SYlr iml jWdy hn [
dwxy k`Fx leI m`kI dy prdy lwhux vwlI mSIn Aqy kMbweInW dI vrqoN vI kIqI jw skdI
hY [ ies nwl C`lIAW dy pridAW sxy hI dwxy in`kl AwauNdy hn Aqy prdy lwhux qy mzdUrI
bc jWdI hY [ qoVn mgroN C`lIAW nUM 3-4 idn sukwA lau [ kMbweIn nwl dwxy k`Fx leI ies
iv`c kuJ Adlw-bdlI krnI pYNdI hY [
pnIrI qoN m`kI dI kwSq
srdI dy mOsm iv`c AwlU, qorIey Aqy Agyqy kmwd dI &sl qoN vyhly hoey KyqW iv`c m`kI dI
pnIrI lw ky m`kI dI kwSq kwmXwbI nwl kIqI jw skdI hY jW iPr p`qJV ru`q dy kmwd iv`c
vI lweI jw skdI hY [ 10 qoN 20 nvMbr q`k bIjI geI pnIrI, A`D dsMbr qoN A`D jnvrI q`k
pu`t ky Kyq iv`c lweI jw skdI hY [ jnvrI dy dUjy A`D iv`c pnIrI pu`t ky lwaux leI, pnIrI
dI ibjweI 21 qoN 30 nvMbr q`k kro [ s`T idnW qoN vDyry aumr dI pnIrI nw lwau [
ie`k eykV dI pnIrI iqAwr krn leI 1/10 eykV rkby iv`c 10 iklo bIj kyry nwl bIjo
Aqy kqwrW iv`ckwr &wslw 20-22 sYNtImItr r`Ko [ fyF qoN 2.0 tn rUVI dI Kwd jW 3 iklo
nweItrojn, 2.5 iklo &ws&ors, 1.2 iklo potwS Aqy 1 iklo izMk sl&yt pnIrI bIjx qoN
pihlW Kyq iv`c pwau [
pnIrI au~gx qoN pihlW ndInW dI rokQwm is`DI bIjI m`kI vWg hI kro jW au~gx qoN bwAd
gofI nwl kro [ pnIrI nUM TIk v`qr iv`c Kurpy nwl pu`to [ su`kx qoN bcwaux leI ies nUNM CW
iv`c r`Ko Aqy ijMnI CyqI ho sky Kyq iv`c lw idau [
pnIrI cVHdy-lihMdy (pUrb-p`Cm) v`l v`tW bxw ky, d`Kx vwly pwsy v`l lwau jW p`Dry Kyq
iv`c lw idau [ jykr pnIrI dy pOdy p`DrI zmIn iv`c lwauxy hox qW isAwVW iv`c bUty r`K ky,
jVHW nUM im`tI nwl F`k idau [ v`tW auqy pnIrI lwaux nwl, p`DrI zmIn dy mukwbly vDyry JwV
imldw hY [ pihlw pwxI qurMq lw idau Aqy dUjw pwxI 8-10 idnW dy vk&y qy idau [
ndInW dI rokQwm ndIn nwSk zihrW (AYtrwzIn jW ismwzIn) vrq ky jW gofI nwl kIqI
jw skdI hY [ ismwzIn dI mwqrw is`DI bIjI &sl dIAW is&wrSW Anuswr hI hY [ hlkIAW
zmInW iv`c AYtrwtw& 50 fblXU pI (AYtrwzIn) 200 gRwm pRqI eykV 200 iltr pwxI iv`c
Gol ky pnIrI Kyq iv`c lwaux qoN POrn bwAd jW ies dy cwr h&qy dy AMdr-AMdr spryA kro[
ies ndIn nwSk zihr dI mwqrw BwrIAW zmInW iv`c 400 gRwm q`k vDweI jw skdI hY [
jykr m`kI dI pnIrI vwly Kyq iv`c ndIn nwSk zihr vrqI geI hovy qW pnIrI p`ut ky
lwaux ip`CoN ieh zihr nw vrqo [
s`T iklo nweItrojn pRqI eykV iqMn brwbr ikSqW iv`c pwayu[ pihlI, pnIrI lwaux smyN,
dUjI, &rvrI dy AKIr iv`c Aqy qIjI bUr pYx smyN pwau [ kwSq dy bwkI FMg ijvyN ik KurwkI
q`q Aqy pOd- sur`iKAw dy qrIky Awid is`DI ibjweI vwly hI hn [
28
doglIAW iksmW dw bIj auqpwdn
doglIAW iksmW buld
M Aqy pI AYm AYc 9 dw bIj auqpwdn swauxI ru`q ivc hI kIqw
jwvy[
pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy
hwl iv`c qW isAwlU m`kI nUM iksy vI hwnIkwrk kIVy dI koeI gMBIr sm`isAw nhIN, ies
leI kIiVAW dI rokQwm leI iksy vI aupwA dI loV nhIN [ hyT ilKy kIVy dw nW mwqr hmlw
dyKx iv`c AwieAw hY [
sYink suMfI : ieh kIVw goB dy nrm p`qy KWdw hY jW swrw p`qw ivckwrlI nwV sxy hI Kw
jWdw hY [ goB dy p`qy aupr peIAW CotIAW-CotIAW iv`TW qoN ies kIVy dI hoNd dw pqw lgdw
hY[ ies dw hmlw mwrc iv`c Kyq dIAW bwhrlIAW kqwrW, jo ik kxk dy KyqW nwl l`gdIAW
hox, auqy vDyry huMdw hY [ jy loV pvy qW ies dI rokQwm leI 35 imlIiltr isMbuS 25 eI sI
(sweIprmYQirn) jW 40 im.il. sumIsIfIn 20 eI sI (PYnvYlryt) pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl
60 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky iCVko [
A) pMCI : cUihAW Aqy pMCIAW dI rokQwm hyT dyKo (AiDAwie 14)
e) ibmwrIAW
bIj glxw, puMgwr dw Juls rog, Awm kuMgI dw hmlw Aqy Pu`l in`klx qoN bwAd tWfy dy
glx vwlIAW ibmwrIAW dyKx iv`c AweIAW hn [ ienHW dIAW inSwnIAW qy rokQwm ies qrHW
hn :
bIj glxw Aqy puMgwr dw Juls rog : mwVw jMm, kmzor pOdy Aqy ienHW dw mrnw [ bIj nUM
bwivstn* jW fYroisl* jW AYgroizm* iqMn gRwm pRqI iklo bIj nwl soD ky bIjo [
kuMgI : p`iqAW dy dohIN pwsIN gol qoN lMmy BUry D`by pY jWdy hn [ ieh D`by Pt ky AKIr kwly
rMg dy ho jWdy hn [ is&wrS kIqI iksm bIjo[ ieMfoiPl AYm 45* dy iqMn iCVkwA 250 gRwm
100 iltr pwxI iv`c pRqI eykV 15 idn dy vk&y qy kro [ pihlw iCVkwA mwrc dy pihly
h&qy SurU kro [
pCyqw murJwauxw : tWfy glx dy nqIjy v`joN Pu`l inklx qoN bwAd pOdw murJwA jWdw hY Aqy
aus dy bwAd qxw kmzor ho jWdw hY [ is&wrS kIqIAW iksmW bIjo [
swauxI dI &sl vwlIAW bhuq swrIAW ibmwrIAW ijvyN ik p`qy Juls rog, BUrIAW DwrIAW dw
rog, pIly D`ibAW dw rog Aqy Pu`l inklx qoN pihlW tWfy glx dw rog Awid dw hmlw isAwlU
m`kI qy dyKx iv`c nhIN AwieAw [
TMF dw Asr : swauxI dI &sl dy mukwbly hwVHI iv`c &sl au~gx nUM v`D smW l`gdw hY [ 25
AkqUbr qoN 10 nvMbr q`k bIjI &sl 8-10 idnW iv`c au~g AwauNdI hY [ ies qoN ip`CoN &sl
12-15 idnW iv`c au~gdI hY [ jnvrI dy AMq q`k &sl dw vwDw G`t huMdw hY [ keI vwr TMf
kwrn p`qy hlky pIly rMg dy ho jWdy hn Aqy A`D-pc`Dy su`k vI jWdy hn, pr iDAwn Xog g`l
ieh hY ik au~g rhy ih`sy nUM koeI nukswn nhIN huMdw hY Aqy ijauN hI mOsm grm hoxw SurU huMdw hY
&sl dw vwDw bhuq qyz huMdw hY [ ies leI &sl dI mwVI hwlq dyK ky ikswnW nUM Gbrwauxw
nhIN cwhIdw sgoN is&wrS kIqy Anuswr Kwd, pwxI, iDAwn nwl idMdy rihxw cwhIdw hY qW jo
&sl nUM TMF kwrn G`t qoN G`t nukswn hovy [
29
 bhwr ru`q iv`c m`kI dI kwSq

bhwr ru`q iv`c m`kI dI kwSq ipCly kuJ smyN qoN huiSAwrpur, kpUrQlw, ShId Bgq isMG
ngr, jlMDr Awid ielwikAW iv`c kw&I pRc`lq ho cu`kI hY [ ies ru`q dI m`kI dI bIjweI
jnvrI-&rvrI mhIinAW iv`c kIqI jWdI hY [
au~nq iksmW
pI AYm AYc 10 (2015): ieh iekhry myl dI doglI iksm hY[ies dw k`d drimAwnw
Aqy C`lIAW drimAwnI aucweI qy l`gdIAW hn[ies dy p`qy cOVy huMdy hn[bwbU JMfy A`D KulHy Aqy
prwg QYlIAW hry rMg dIAW hMudIAW hn[ies dy sUq dw rMg gulwbI hMudw hY[C`lIAW drimAwnIAw
lMbIAw Aqy dwxy gol idl iK`cvy sMqrI rMg dy huMdy hn[ieh qkrIbn 120 idnW iv`c p`kdI hY
Aqy ies dw AOsq JwVH 31.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[
fI kyy sI 9108 (2015): ieh drimAwny k`d vwlI iksm hYy ijs au~qy C`lIAW G`t aucweI
qy l`gdIAW hn[ies dy p`qy cOVy Aqy KVHvy hMudy hn[bwbU JMfy hlky Aqy drimAwn Kuly huMdy
hn[prwg QYlIAW Aqy sUq dw rMg hrw huMdw hY[C`lIAW drimAwny Akwr dIAW hMudIAW hn[ies
dy dwxy m`Dm pIly rMg dy lMby, pqly Aqy A`D ic`by hMudy hn[ ieh qkrIbn 122 idnW iv`c p`k
jWdI hY Aqy ies dw AOsq JwVH 32.0 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[
pI AYm AYc 8 (2014): ies doglI iksm dy pOdy drimAwny aucy Aqy C`lIAW drimAwnI
aucweI qy l`gdIAW hn [ p`qy drimAwny cOVy Aqy muVy hoey huMdy hn[ ies dw bwbU JMfw KulHw huMdw
hY Aqy SwKwvW hyTW v`l nUM muVIAW huMdIAW hn [ ies dIAW prwg QYlIAW Aqy sUq hry rMg dy
huMdy hn [ C`lIAW drimAwny Akwr dIAW Aqy dwxy gol sMqrI rMg dy huMdy hn [ ieh iksm 117
idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies iksm dw AOsq JwV 31 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI AYm AYc 7 (2013) : ies dw k`d drimAwnw Aqy C`lIAW drimAwnI aucweI qy l`gdIAW
hn [ ies dy p`qy drimAwny cOVy Aqy hyTW nUM muVy huMdy hn [ ies dy bwbU JMfy pUrI qrHW Ku`ly Aqy
SwKW hyTW nUM JukIAW huMdIAW hn [ prwg QYlIAw Aqy glUm dw rMg hrw huMdw hY [ sUq dw rMg
g`T iv`coN inklx smyN hrw huMdw hY [ bUr JVn Aqy sUq k`qx dw smW myl KWdw hY [ C`lIAW
drimAwny Awkwr dIAW huMdIAW hn[ dwixAW dw rMg gUVHw sMqrI huMdw hY [ ieh iksm 115 idnW
iv`c p`kdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 30.0 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI AYm AYc 1 (2005) : ies doglI iksm dy bUty lMmy Aqy ies dw qxw qrqIbvwr tyFw
myFw Aqy hlky bYNgxI rMg dw huMdw hY [ ies dy p`qy Aqy bwbU JMfy drimAwny Awkwr dy huMdy
hn[ ies dIAW C`lIAW drimAwnIAW lMmIAW Aqy motIAW huMdIAW hn [ ies dy dwxy pIly sMqrI
rMg dy huMdy hn[ ieh iksm qkrIbn 118 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 27.6
kuieMtl pRqI eykV huMdw hY
pI AYm AYc 2 (2005) : ies dw k`d drimAwnw Aqy C`lIAW drimAwnI aucweI qy l`gdIAW
hn [ ies dy p`qy drimAwny Awkwr dy Aqy gUVHy hry rMg dy huMdy hn [ bwbU JMfy drimAwny Awkwr
dy A`D Ku`lHy huMdy hn [ C`lI dy sUq dw rMg hrw huMdw hY [ C`lIAW iekswr drimAwnIAW huMdIAW
hn [ dwixAW dw rMg sMqrI huMdw hY Aqy ienHW aupr pIlI topI huMdI hY [ ieh lgBg 116 idnW
iv`c p`k ky iqAwr ho jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsqn JwV 26.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [

30
kwSq dy FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : zmIn nUM 4 jW 5 vwr vwhux Aqy suhwgx nwl hI Kyq TIk ho jWdw hY
Aqy nwl hI Fyly Aqy ndIn ^qm ho jWdy hn[ Kyq au~cw-nIvW hovy qW p`Drw kr lYxw cwhIdw
hY qW jo isMcweI TIk ho sky Aqy vwDU pwxI bwhr k`iFAw jw sky [
hlkIAW Aqy drimAwnIAW zmInW iv`c ij`Qy ndIn Awid nw hox au~Qy mu`FlI vwhI dI loV
nhIN Aqy rOxI jW mINh ip`CoN m`kI is`Dy qOr qy bIjI jw skdI hY [ ies is&wrS nwl vwhI au~pr
hox vwlw ^rc Gtygw[
bIj dI mwqrw Aqy soD : 10 iklo pRqI eykV bIj dI vrqoN kro[ SwK dI m`KI dI rokQwm
leI bIj nUM gwco (iemIfwklopirf) 600 AYP AYs 6 im.il. pRqI iklo bIj dy ihswb nwl soD
lau Aqy soDy hoey bIj nUM 14 idnW dy AMdr-AMdr bIj idau[ gwco nwl soDy hoey bIj nUM bwivstn
jW fYrosl jW AYgroizm dvweI nwl soD lvo [ ie`k iklo bIj ip`Cy 3 gRwm dvweI kw&I hY [
ibjweI dw smW : ies ru`q iv`c m`kI dI ibjweI 20 jnvrI qoN 15 &rvrI q`k krnI cwhIdI
hY [ 15 &rvrI qoN bwAd bIjI hoeI m`kI iv`c izAwdw qwpmwn hox krky prwgkx su`kx nwl
dwxy bxn dI pRikirAw qy mwVw Asr pYNdw hY, ijs kwrn JwV bhuq G`t jWdw hY [
ibjweI dw FMg : ij`QoN q`k ho sky, ibjweI pUrb-p`Cm 60 sYNtImItr dI iv`Q qy v`tW bxw
ky jW 67.5 sYNtImItr dI iv`Q qy bY~f bxw ky, aunHW dy d`Kx vwly pwsy 6-7 sYNtImItr dI aucweI
qy coky lw ky kro [ bUty qoN bUty dw &wslw 20 sYNtImItr r`Ko [ bY~fW qy ibjweI vyly bUty qoN bUty
dw &wslw 18 sYNtImItr r`Ko [ bY~fW qy ibjweI nwl isMcweI pwxI dI bcq huMdI hY [
KwdW : KwdW dI vrqoN hyT ilKy Anuswr kro :
iksmW q`q *(iklo pRqI eykV) KwdW (iklo pRqI eykV)

nweI- Pws- potwS** XUrIAw fI ey jW supr- jW nweItro- imaUryt

tRojn Pors pI*** PwsPyt PwsPyt AwP
potwS
pI AYm AYc 10, 50 24 12 110 55 150 125 20
fI ky sI 9108,
pI AYm AYc 8
pI AYm AYc 1
pI AYm AYc 7 35 12 8 75 27 75 62 15
pI AYm AYc 2

* ieh q`q mMfI iv`coN imldIAW hor KwdW qoN vI pRwpq kIqy jw skdy hn [ (AMiqkw 4)
** jykr im`tI prK Anuswr potwS q`q dI Gwt hovy qW hI ies dI vrqoN kro [
*** jykr fI ey pI 27 iklo pweI hovy qW XUrIAw 10 iklo Gtw idau [ eysy qrHW jy 55 ikloo fI ey pI
vrqI hovy qW 20 iklo XUrIAw Gtw idau Aqy jykr 125 iklo nweItRoPwsPyt vrqI geI hovy qW
XUrIAw 50 iklo Gtw idau [ jykr 62 ikolo nweItRoPwsPweIf vrqI geI hovy qw XUrIAw 25 iklo
Gtw idau [

31
not :
ieh is&wrSW drimAwnIAW, aupjwaU zmInW leI Fu`kvIAW hn [ G`t Aqy v`D aupjwaU zmInW leI
“im`tI prK” AiDAwie vyKo [
jykr PwsPors Aqy ijpsm nw auplbD hovy qW PwsPors Aqy gMDk dI Gwt vwlIAW zmInW iv`c
gMDkI &ws&yt Kwd (13 iklo nweItRojn, 33 iklo PwsPors Aqy 15 iklo gMDk q`q pRqI 100 iklo
Kwd huMdI hY) dy bdlvyN rUp iv`c pwieAw jw skdw hY [
jykr hrI Kwd dI vrqoN nw ho sky qW m`kI bIjx qoN pihlW rUVI dI Kwd dI vrqoN zrUr kro[ jy
m`kI nUM 6 tn pRqI eykV qoN v`D cMgI glI sVI rUVI hr swl pweI jwvy qW bIjweI smyN m`kI nUM iksy
Kwd dI loV nhIN [
swrI PwsPors, pootwS Aqy qIjw ih`sw nweItRojn vwlI Kwd ibjweI smyN pwau [ jykr
nweItRoPwsPyt Kwd vrqxI hovy qW ibjweI smyN XUrIAw nw pwau [ bwkI rihMdI nweItRojn vwlI
Kwd do brwbr ih`isAW iv`c pwau[ ie`k ih`sw aus vyly pwau jd &sl gofy-gofy ho jwvy Aqy
dUsrw ih`sw bUr pYx qoN pihlW pw idau[
isMcweI : mINh nUM dyKdy hoey pihlw pwxI ibjweI dy 25-30 idnW bwAd lwE [ ies qoN
bwAd 10 ApRYl q`k do h&qy dy vk&y qy Aqy &sl p`kx q`k ie`k h&qy dy vk&y qy pwxI lwauNdy
rho [
qupkw isMcweI ivDI nwl pwxI Aqy KwdW dI vrqoN (PrtIgySn) : cOVy bY~fW qy 60 sY.mI. dI
dUrI qy bIjo Aqy bUty qoN bUty dw &wslw 20 sY.mI. r`Ko [ ieh bY~f 80 sY.mI. cOVy huMdy hn Aqy
bY~f qoN bY~f dw &wslw 40 sY.mI. dw huMdw hY[ ieh bY~f XU. vI. stYblweIjr 25 mweIkron (23
gRwm pRqI vrg mItr) dI motweI vwlI kwly rMg dI plwsitk SIt nwl F`ky jWdy hn[ m`kI
dIAW do kqwrW iv`c ie`k fir`p lweIn dI vrqoN kro ijs iv`c fir`pr qoN fir`pr dw &wslw
30 sY.mI. hovy Aqy ifscwrj 2.2 iltr pRqI GMtw pRqI fir`pr hovy [ hyT ilKI swrxI muqwbk
hr dUjy idn isMcweI idE :
mhInw isMcweI dw smW (imMt)*
&rvrI 22
mwrc 64
ApRYl 120
meI 130

* jy ifscwrj v`Krw hovy qW isMcweI dw smW hyT d`sy PwrmUly nwl k`iFAw jw skdw hY[
2.2 isMcweI dw smW (imMt)*
fir`pr dw ifscwrj (iltr pRqI GMtw)
PrtIgySn : Kwd nUM pwxI ivc Gol ky pwax nUM PrtIgySn ikhw jwNdw hY[ ies ivDI
nwl 20% KwdW dI b`cq huMdI hY [ drimAwnIAW jmInW leI 80 iklo XUrIAw, 32 iklo mono
AmoinAm PwsPyt Aqy 16 iklo imaUryt AwP potwS (sPyd) pRqI eykV dI isPwirS kIqI jwNdI
hY[ m`kI dI ibjweI qoN 12 idn bwAd PrtIgySn SurU kro Aqy 25% KwdW pihly mhIny ikSqW

32
iv`c h&qy h&qy dy vk&y qy pwau [ bwkI rihMdI Kwd meI dy pihly h&qy q`k h&qy h&qy dy
vk&y brwbr ikSqW iv`c pwau [
gofI krnw, bUty ivrly krnw, ndInW dI rokQwm, izMk dI Gwt, vwFI krnw qy dwxy k`Fx
leI isAwlU m`kI iv`c drswey gey FMg qrIikAW dI vrqoN kro [
doglIAW iksmW dw bIj auqpwdn : doglIAW iksmW dw bIj auqpwdn swauxI iv`c hI
kIqw jwvy [

pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy-mkOVy
m`kI dI SwK dI m`KI : ieh bhwr ru`q dI m`kI dw bhuq nukswn krdI hY [ ieh m`KI bhuq
CotI aumr (3-7 idn) dy bUitAW qy hmlw krdI hY ijs nwl bUty byFvy Aqy JurV-murV ijhy
ho jWdy hn [ p`iqAW qy morIAW ho jWdIAW hn Aqy bUitAW dIAW goBW su`k jWdIAW hn [ ies
dI rokQwm leI bIj dI soD nUM qrzIh dyxI cwhIdI hY [ jykr bIj dI soD nw ho sky qW 5 iklo
iPaUrwfn 3 jI (kwrboiPaUrwn) jW iQmt 10 jI (Poryt) 4 iklo pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl
ibjweI vyly isAwVW iv`c pwau [
qylw, Qir`p, kmwd dw GoVw, slytI BUMfI Aqy p`qy Kwx vwly hor kIVy : ieh kIVy mwrc qoN
meI q`k bhwr ru`q dI m`kI dw nukswn krdy hn[ ienHW dI rokQwm leI mYtwisstwks 25 eI
sI (AOksIfYmIton mIQweIl) jW rogr 30 eI sI (fweImYQoeyt) 200 imlIiltr nUM 50 iltr
pwxI iv`c Gol ky pRqI eykV dy ihswb h`Q nwl c`lx vwly nYpsYk pMp nwl jW 20 iltr pwxI
iv`c, G`t pwxI iCVkx vwly pMp nwl iCVko [
sYink suMfI qy C`lIAW dw sUq kuqrU : ies dI rokQwm bIj dI soD nwl kro [
A) ibmwrIAW
bIj dw sVnw qy pOdw Julsxw: isAwlU m`kI iv`c drswey FMg Anuswr ies dI rokQwm
kro[
pCyqw murJwauxw : isAwlU m`kI iv`c drswey FMg Anuswr ies dI rokQwm kro [
e) KyqW iv`c cUihAW Aqy pMCIAW qoN nukswn :
dyKo cUihAW Aqy pMCIAW dI rokQwm (AiDAwie 14) [

33
 2. dwlW vwlIAW &slW

Coly
pMjwb iv`c Coly hwVHI dI mh`qvpUrn &sl hY [ swl 2013-14 iv`c ies &sl hyT 1.9
hzwr hYktyAr rkbw sI ijs iv`coN 2.37 hzwr tn auqpwdn hoieAw [ AOsq JwV 12.45
kuieMtl pRqI hYktyAr (4.98 kuieMtl pRqI eykV) irhw [
mOsm : Coly srdIAW dI &sl hY pr A`q dI srdI Aqy korw ies dw nukswn krdy hn [
ieh &sl G`t bwrS vwly ielwikAW dy AnukUl hY [ ieh syNjU hwlqW iv`c vI cMgI ho jWdI hY[
ibjweI ip`CoN CyqI bwrS ho jwvy jW p`kx vyly gVymwr ho jwvy qW &sl kw&I qbwh ho jWdI hY[
jy grmI CyqI SurU ho jwvy qW &sl nUM vDx dw smW G`t imldw hY [ ies nwl &sl CyqI p`k
jWdI hY qy JwV G`t imldw hY [
zmIn : CoilAW leI cMgy jl inkws vwlI ryqlI jW hlkI Bl vwlI zmIn bhuq FukvIN hY,
iPr vI ieh &sl hlkIAW zmInW iv`c, ijQy hor &slW nw bIjIAW jw skx, bVI kwmXwbI
nwl augweI jw skdI hY [ KwrIAW, klrwTIAW Aqy sym vwlIAW zmInW CoilAW leI FukvIAW
nhIN [
&sl c`kr : Anwj dIAW &slW dy hyr-Pyr iv`c jy Coly bIjy jwx qW zmIn iv`c l`gx
vwlIAW ibmwrIAW dI lwg rokx iv`c m`dd imldI hY [ Awm &sl c`kr hn : bwjrw - Coly,
sMnvW - Col,y sMnvW- Coly + kxk/ jON/rwieAw/ qwrwmIrw, crHI - Coly Aqy Jonw/m`kI - Coly,
Jonw-Coly-grmI ru`q dI mUMgI [
au~nq iksmW
dysI Coly (syNjU)
pI bI jI 7 (2014): ies iksm dy bUty au~cy, ArD KVHvyN huMdy hn [ ies dy dwxy drimAwny
moty Aqy BUry rMg dy huMdy hn ijnHW dy 100 dwixAW dw Bwr qkrIbn 16 gRwm huMdw hY [ ieh iksm
Juls rog (cwxnI), auKyVw rog Aqy jVHW dy su`ky gwly nUM kw&I h`d q`k shwr lYNdI hY [ ieh iksm
qkrIbn 159 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 8.0 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI bI jI 5 (2003) : ies iksm dy qxy sKq Aqy p`qy gUVHy hry rMg dy huMdy hn[ ieh
iksm qkrIbn 165 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY[ ies dy dwxy drimAwny moty Awkwr dy Aqy gUVyH
BUry rMg dy huNMdy hn ijnHW dy 100 dwixAW dw Bwr qkrIbn 18 gRwm huNd M w hY[ ieh iksm Juls
rog (cwxnI) Aqy jVW dy rogW dw kw&I h`d q`k mukwblw kr skdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV
6.8 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [

34
 jI pI AY& 2 (1994) : ies dy bUty ArD KVHvyN huMdy hn[ tihxIAW kw&I lMmIAW huMdIAW
hn, ijnHW nUM kw&I &l pYNdw hY[ hr f`fy iv`c 2 dwxy huMdy hn [ ies dy dwxy moty huMdy hn[ ieh
iksm qkrIbn 170 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 7.6 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[
pI bI jI 1 (1987) : ies iksm dy pOdy au~cy huMdy hn jo ik is`Dy vDdy hn Aqy SwKW
lMmIAW huMdIAW hn [ ieh iksm Juls rog (cwxnI) Aqy auKyVw rog dw kw&I h`d q`k mukwblw
kr lYNdI hY [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 160 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY[ ies dy dwxy kuJ moty, BUry rMg
dy huMdy hn [ ies dw AOsq JwV 6.4 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
dysI Coly (brwnI)
pI fI jI 4 (2000) : ies iksm dy pOdy gUVHy hry pqrwl vwly KVHvyN huMdy hn[ ienHW nUM mu`FoN
lMmIAW SwKW inkldIAW hn ijnHW nUM &l pYNdw hY [ dwxy moty huMdy hn Aqy ieh iksm qkrIbn
160 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies iksm iv`c auKyVw, jVHW dw glxw Aqy Juls rog nUM sihx
dI kwPI smr`Qw hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 7.8 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI fI jI 3 (1997) : ieh ArD KVHvIN iksm hY ijs dw pqrwl gUVHy hry rMg dw huMdw hY
Aqy SwKW lMmIAW huMdIAW hn [ ies dy dwxy moty huMdy hn [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 160 idnW iv`c
p`k jWdI hY[ ies dw AOsq JwV 7.2 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
kwblI Coly
AYl 552 (2011) : ies iksm nUM Pu`l Agyqy AwauNdy hn Aqy ieh 157 idnW iv`c p`k
jWdI hY[ ieh ie`k au~cI qy KVHvIN iksm hY [ ies iksm dy f`fy v`fy qy dwxy moty huMdy hn Aqy
100 dwixAW dw AOsq Bwr 33.6 gRwm hY [ ies dy dwxy krIm rMg dy Aqy Kwx iv`c suAwd huMdy
hn[ ies iksm dw AOsq JwV 7.3 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
bI jI 1053 (2001) : ies iksm nUM Pu`l Agyqy AwauNdy hn Aqy 155 idnW iv`c p``k jWdI
hY [ ieh ArD-KVHvIN iksm hY, dwxy moty huMdy hn Aqy 100 dwixAW dw Bwr 26.8 gRwm hY[
ies dy dwxy krIm rMg dy ic`tI BwA mwrdy hn [ ieh iksm auKyVy, jVW dw glxw qy mu`FW dy
glx rog nUM kwPI h`d q`k shwr lYNdI hY[ ies dw AOsq JwV 8 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
AYl 550 (1974) : ies nUM Pu`l Agyqy pYNdy hn [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 160 idnW iv`c p`k
jWdI hY [ ies dy bUty JwVIdwr huMdy hn[ ies dy dwxy hlky bdwmI Aqy bVI sohxI gol Skl
dy huMdy hn[ ies iksm dy 100 dwixAW dw Bwr 21.3 gRwm hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 6 kuieMtl
pRqI eykV hY [
pMjwb dy v`K-v`K ielwikAW leI is&wrS kIqIAW iksmW :

iksmW ielwky/hwlqW ijnHW leI is&wrS kIqI geI hY

pI bI jI 7 swry pRWq leI

pI bI jI 5, pI bI jI 1 is`lH vwly ielwikAW (gurdwspur, huiSAwrpur, ropV, ShId
Bgq isMG ngr, qrnqwrn Aqy AMimRqsr izlHy) leI[ isMcweI
vwlIAW hwlqW leI [

35
 AYl 552,jI pI AYP 2, is`lH vwly ielwikAW nUM C`f ky bwkI swry pRWq iv`c isMcweI vwlIAW
bI jI 1053 Aqy AYl 550 hwlqW leI [
pI fI jI 4 Aqy pI fI jI 3 is`lH vwly ielwikAW nUM C`f ky bwkI swry pRWq leI [ brwnI hwlqW
leI [

kwSq dy au~nq FMg

zmIn dI iqAwrI : CoilAW dI &sl leI zmIn nUM bhuq BurBurI krn dI loV nhIN pr
iPr vI zmIn nUM fUMGw vwhux dI bhuq loV hY[ polIAW qy fUMGIAW vwhIAW zmInW iv`c CoilAW nUM
auKyVw rog G`t l`gdw hY Aqy &sl dw JwV vI v`D imldw hY [ zmIn dI 22.5 sYNtImItr fUMGI
vwhI nwl v`D JwV ilAw jw skdw hY [ fUMGy hl dI vwhI julweI Aqy Agsq dy mhIny krnI
cwhIdI hY, ikauNik ies nwl ndInW dw nwS ho jWdw hY, zmIn BurBurI ho jWdI hY Aqy zmIn
bwrS dy pwxI nUM cMgI qrHW sWB lYNdI hY [ ies qrHW nwl iqAwr kIqI zmIn iv`c CoilAW dIAW
jVW bhuq vDdIAW hn Aqy pYdwvwr iv`c coKw vwDw ho jWdw hY[
brwnI zmIn iv`c nmI sWBx dy FMg
ijnHW KyqW iv`c brwnI Coly bIjy jWdy hn, auh Kyq Awm krky swauxI iv`c ivhly rihMdy hn[
ies ivhly smyN zmIn iv`c nmI dI sMBwl krnI bhuq zrUrI hY, ikauNik CoilAW dI brwnI KyqI
zmIn iv`c sWBI nmI qy hI inrBr krdI hY, ies krky hyT ilKy FMgW duAwrw nmI nUM zmIn
iv`c sWB ky r`iKAw jw skdw hY :
1. bwrSW dy SurU hox qoN pihlW zmIn nUM krwh nwl p`DrI kr idau [
2. pwxI nUM ruVHx qoN rokx leI Kyq nUM mzbUq v`tW pw ky Coty-Coty ikAwirAW iv`c vMf idau [
3. Kyq iv`c ndIn nhIN hoxy cwhIdy [
4. Kyq dI pwxI jzb krn dI SkqI vDwaux vwsqy bwrSW hox dy nwl hI Kyq nUM aultwvyN hl
nwl vwh idau Aqy hr bwrS ip`CoN dysI hl nwl vwho [ hr vwhI ip`CoN suhwgw vI idau [
ies qrHW krn nwl zmIn dI nmI hvw iv`c nhIN aufdI [
5. bIjx qoN pihlW zmIn nUM ie`k vwr vwhuxw cwhIdw hY [ jykr Kyq iv`c v`qr G`t jwpy qW
Kyq au~pr rolr Pyr dyxw cwhIdw hY [ ies qrHW krn nwl zmIn iv`c Q`ly vwlI nmI au~pr
Aw jWdI hY, jo bIj dy au~gx iv`c shwieqw krdI hY [
ibjweI dw smW : brwnI hwlqW iv`c dysI CoilAW dI ibjweI leI FukvW smW 10 qoN 25
AkqUbr hY [ pr syNjU hwlqW iv`c dysI Aqy kwblI Coly 25 AkqUbr qoN 10 nvMbr dy drimAwn
bIjxy cwhIdy hn[ AgyqI bIjI &sl nUM au~cy qwpmwn krky auKyVy dI ibmwrI l`gx dw fr
rihMdw hY [ AgyqI bIjI &sl keI vwr loV qoN v`D vD jWdI hY ijs dy kwrn &l G`t pYNdw
hY Aqy pYdwvwr vI Gt jWdI hY [ pCyqI bIjI &sl dIAW jVW Aqy pqrwl pUrI qrHW vD-Pu`l
nhIN skdIAW ijs krky JwV G`t inkldw hY ijhVw ik bIj dI mwqrw vDw ky kuJ h`d q`k
pUrw kIqw jw skdw hY [
bIjx dw FMg Aqy bIj dI mwqrw : CoilAW dI &sl nUM pory nwl bIjo [ isAwV qoN isAwV
dw &wslw 30 sYNtImItr r`Ko [ bIj nUM 10 qoN 12.5 sYNtImItr fUMGw bIjxw TIk rihMdw hY [
ieh ibjweI Kwd bIj firl nwl vI kIqI jw skdI hY pr bIj vwly KWcy v`fy hoxy cwhIdy

36
hn (vyKo KyqI ieMjnIAirMMg AMiqkw 3) [ ies qrHW bIjx nwl &sl nUM auKyVy dI bImwrI G`t
l`gdI hY[ ies qoN G`t fUMGweI qy bIjy CoilAW nUM auKyVy dI ibmwrI Awm l`g jWdI hY, ijs krky
JwV G`t jWdw hY[ Jony ipCoN BwrIAW zmInW ivc CoilAW dIAW do kqwrW v`tW au~qy bIjo [ dysI
Aqy kwblI CoilAW leI bIj kRmvwr 15-18 iklo Aqy 37 iklo pRqI eykV vrqo pr pI bI
jI 5 iksm leI 24 iklo pRqI eykV bIj pwau [ jykr dysI Coly nvMbr dy dUjy pMdrvwVy iv`c
bIjxy hox qW bIj 27 iklo Aqy jykr dsMbr dy pihly pMdrHvwVy iv`c bIjxy hox qW bIj
36 iklo pRqI eykV vrqo [
bIj dI soD : bIj dI soD hyT ilKy Anuswr kro :
. kItnwSk : isauNk dy hmly vwlIAW zmInW iv`c bIj nUM 10 imlIiltr klorpweIrI&ws
20 eI sI pRqI iklo bIj iv`c imlw ky soD lvo [ klorpweIrI&ws 180 imlIiltr lY ky A`Dw
iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky 18 iklo dysI CoilAW dy bIj dI p`ky &rS, qrpwl jW plwsitk dI
SIt qy pqlI qih ivCw ky iCVkwA soD kro [ 37 iklo kwblI CoilAW dy bIj nUM soDx leI
370 imlIiltr dvweI ie`k iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky iCVkwA kro [ bIj nUM cMgI qrHW rlw ky
sukw lvo [ bIj dI soD, bIj soDk fr`m nwl vI cMgI qrHW kIqI jw skdI hY [
. au~lInwSk : bIj dI soD 3 gRwm kYptwn*/kYptw&*/bwivstn* jW 2.5 gRwm rovrwl pRqI
iklo bIj dy ihswb nwl kro [
bIj nUM tIkw lwauxw : ie`k eykV dy bIj nUM G`to G`t pwxI nwl ig`lw krky bIj nUM sw&
&rS auqy ivCw lau[ mIzorweIzobIAm (AYl jI Awr-33) Aqy rweIzobYktIrIAm (Awr bI-1)
jIvwxUM Kwd dy ie`k-ie`k pYkt y W nUM imlw ky, bIj nwl cMgI qrHW rlw lau Aqy CwvyN sukw ky ie`k
GMty dy AMdr bIj idau [ imSirq tIky dI vrqoN nwl aupj iv`c 13% q`k dw vwDw huMdw hY [
iehnW jIvwxUM KwdW nUM bIj soD leI vrqIAW jwx vwlIAW au~lInwSk dvweIAW nwl ie`kTw vI
lgwieAw jw skdw hY pr jykr bIj nUM kItnwSk nwl soDxw hovy qW pihlW kItnwSk lgwE,
iPr au~lInwSk lgwE Aqy bwAd iv`c ieh jIvwxU Kwd lgwE [ jIvwxU Kwd dy ieh tIky pMjwb
AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI dy mweIkrobwieAwlojI ivBwg pwsoN iml jWdy hn [
ndInW dI rokQwm : ndInW dI rokQwm leI ie`k qoN do gofIAW kw&I hn[ ieh gofIAW
ibjweI qoN 30 Aqy 60 idnW bwAd kro [ phIey vwlI suDrI hoeI iqRPwlI nwl gofI ssqI pYNdI
hY [
ies qoN ielwvw, syNjU CoilAW iv`c ndInW dI rokQwm trY&lwn 48 eI sI (trweIPlUrwiln)
iek iltr pRqI eykV ibjweI qoN qurMq pihlW jW stONp 30 eI sI (pYNfImYQwiln) iek iltr
pRqI eykV ibjweI dy 24 GMitAW dy AMdr iCVkwA nwl kIqI jw skdI hY [ jykr trY&lwn dI
vrqoN krnI hovy qW CoilAW dI ibjweI firl nwl krky suhwgw nw mwro [
isMcweI : syNjU zmIn iv`c ibjweI qoN pihlW BrvIN rOxI krnI bhuq zrUrI hY [ ies nwl
jVW fUMGIAW jwxgIAW Aqy BUmI ivcly pwxI dI Xog vrqoN hovygI [ &sl nUM bwAd iv`c loV
muqwibk kyvl ie`k pwxI dyx dI loV hY [ ieh pwxI ibjweI dy smyN Aqy bwrS Anuswr A`D
dsMbr qoN AMq jnvrI drimAwn dyxw cwhIdw hY [ ieh pwxI iksy vI hwlq iv`c ibjweI qoN
4 h&qy dy AMdr nhIN dyxw cwhIdw [ jykr bwrS pihlW ho jwvy qW ieh pwxI hor pCyqw kr
idau[ bhuqw pwxI dyx nwl bUty dw Pulwt bhuq v`D jWdw hY Aqy &l G`t l`gdw hY [ BwrIAW
zmInW, Kws krky Jony ip`CoN bIjy CoilAW nUM pwxI iblkul nhIN lwauxw cwhIdw [ Jony vwly KyqW
37
iv`c jykr pwxI lw dyeIey qW swrI dI swrI &sl qbwh ho jWdI hY [ f`fy bnx vyly pwxI dI Gwt
nUM pUrw krn leI, Jony ipCoN v`tW au~qy bIjy CoilAW nUM pwxI lwieAw jw skdw hY [

KwdW
ielwkw *q`q (iklo pRqI eykV) KwdW (iklo pRqI eykV) Kwd pwaux dw
smW qy FMg
nweItRojn PwsPors XUrIAw suprPwsPyt
dysI Coly
syNjU qy brwnI 6 8 13 50 ibjweI smyN swrI Kwd firl
nwl por idau [
kwblI Coly
syNjU 6 16 13 100 -auhI-

* ieh q`q bwzwr iv`coN imldIAW hor KwdW qoN vI pRwpq kIqy jw skdy hn [ (dyKo AMiqkw 4) [
vwFI : jd f`fy p`k jwx Aqy bUty su`k jwx qW &sl v`F lYxI cwhIdI hY [ vwFI dwqrI
nwl krnI cwhIdI hY [ &sl nUM h`QW nwl nhIN pu`txw cwhIdw [ ies nwl zmIn jVW dI Kwd
qoN vWJI rih jwvygI[
pOd sur`iKAw :
a) kIVy :
1. isauNk : isauNk &sl dy au~gx Aqy p`kx smyN bhuq nukswn krdI hY [ ieh kIVw Awm
qOr qy hmly vwly bUitAW dIAW jVHW iv`c pwieAw jWdw hY [ Aijhy bUty su`k jWdy hn Aqy sOKy
hI pu`ty jw skdy hn [ ies dw hmlw hlkIAW zmInW iv`c izAwdw huMdw hY [ ibjweI qoN pihlW
bIj nUM 10 imlIiltr klorpweIrI&ws 20 eI sI pRqI iklo bIj dy ihswb nwl soD lvo [ vDyry
jwxkwrI leI bIj dI soD ADIn dyKo [
2. CoilAW dI suMfI : ieh suMfI CoilAW dy p`qy, &u`l, f`fy, twtW Aqy dwixAW nUM Kw jWdI hY,
ijs dy kwrn &sl dw BwrI nukswn huMdw hY[ ies dI rokQwm leI 200 imlIiltr ieMfOkswkwrb
14.5 AYs sI jW 60 imlIiltr spwienosYf 45 AYs sI jW 100 imlIiltr sumIsIfIn/PYnilk/
AYgroPYn 20 eI sI (PYnvYlryt) jW 160 imlIiltr fYiss 2.8 eI sI (fYltwmYQirn) jW 80
imlIiltr isMbuS 25 eI sI (sweIprmYQirn) nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky iCVkwA
kro jW 10 iklo mYlwQIAwn 5% DUVw (mYlwQIAwn) pRqI eykV, f`fy bxn vyly DUVo [ jy loV pvy
qW 2 h&iqAW ip`CoN dvweI dI vrqoN Pyr duhrwau [ dvweI iCVkI &sl qoN BurjI jW ColIAw qd
q`k nw vrqo jd q`k dvweI iCVkI nUM 20 idn nw ho gey hox [

A) ibmwrIAW :
1. Juls rog : gUVHy BUry D`by ijnHW nwl itmkxy ijhy icMbVy huMdy hn, pOidAW dy p`iqAW, qxy,
twhxIAW qy &lIAW qy bx jWdy hn [ ieQoN q`k ik &lIAW ivcly dwixAW auqy vI ies rog dw
Asr huMdw hY [ &sl dIAW koml twhxIAW Aqy auprly p`iqAW au~qy ies rog dw Asr izAwdw
huMdw hY [ rog dy v`fy h`ly dI sUrq iv`c swrw pOdw Julsx ip`CoN iblkul mr jWdw hY [
38
 bIj nUM is&wirS au~lInwSk nwl soD ky bIjo [ jykr PrvrI-mwrc iv`c b`dlvweI rhy
Aqy ruk-ruk ky bwrS hovy qW bwrS qoN ip`CoN pRopIkonwzol 25 eI sI (100 im.il. pRqI eykV)
10 idnW dy &rk nwl 3 iCVkwA jW ieMfoiPl AYm 45* jW kYptwn*/kYptw&*/kv`c* (360 gRwm
pRqI eykV) 15 idnW dy &rk nwl 3-5 iCVkwA 100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky kro [ Juls rog
dw twkrw krn vwlIAW CoilAW dIAW iksmW ijvyN ik pI bI jI 7, pI bI jI 5, Aqy pI bI jI
1 dI kwSq krnI cwhIdI hY [ &sl k`tx smyN rogI bUty KyqW iv`c KVHy nhIN rihx dyxy cwhIdy
sgoN ienHW nUM k`t ky swV dyxw cwhIdw hY [ rog rihq bIj dI vrqoN krnI cwhIdI hY [
2. auKyVw : ibmwrI vwly bUty pihlW hlky hry ho jWdy hn Aqy krUMblW murJw jWdIAW hn[
hOlI-hOlI swry p`qy pIly pY jWdy hn [ ies ibmwrI dI p`kI inSwnI bUty dI jVH AMdroN BUrI kwlI
ho jWdI hY[ keIAW hwlqW iv`c bUty dy ie`k pwsy hI ibmwrI dw h`lw huMdw hY [
CoilAW dIAW au~nq iksmW pI fI jI 4, pI fI jI 3, pI bI jI 7, jI pI AY& 2,
pI bI jI 5, pI bI jI 1 Aqy kwblI iksm bI jI 1053 ijhVIAW ik ies rog dw twkrw
kr skdIAW hn, bIjxIAW cwhIdIAW hn [ brwnI zmIn iv`c nmI dI sMBwl leI Kyq nUM keI
ih`isAW iv`c vMf lYxw cwhIdw hY qW ik bwrS dw pwxI swrI zmIn auqy ie`kswr iK`lr jwvy [
Kyq dIAW bwhrlIAW v`tW v`fIAW qy mzbUq bnwauxIAW cwhIdIAW hn qW jo bwrS dw pwxI ruVH
nw sky [ Kyq aultwvyN hl nwl fUMGy vwhuxy cwhIdy hn qW ik Gwh-PUs qoN sw& ho jwx Aqy
bwrS dw pwxI cMgI qrHW jzb kr skx [ &sl dI ibjweI AgyqI nhIN krnI cwhIdI[
3. qxy dw glxw : ieh ibmwrI zmIn auprly bUty dy swry ih`isAW qy hmlw krdI hY [ mu`K
qxy aupr zmIn dI sqHw qy Asr huNMdw hY [ ibmwrI vwly ih`isAW qy ic`ty rMg dw jwlw ijhw pYdw
ho jWdw hY[ ieh sPYd jwlw zmIn aupr vI dyiKAw jw skdw hY [ ies jwly iv`c kwly rMg dy
Coty-Coty au~lI dy sklroSIAw nzr AwauNdy hn [
bIj nUM C`t-Cwx ky au~lI dy kItwxUMAW qoN rihq kr lau [ ibmwrI vwly pOdy Aqy bc-Kuc
ktweI bwAd swV idau [ meI jW jUn iv`c fUMGI vwhI krky Kyq nUM pwxI nwl Br idau Aqy Kyq
nUM KwlI nw C`fo [ BwrIAW Aqy syNjU zmInW iv`c CoilAW dI ibjweI 25 AkqUbr qoN 10 nvMbr
ivckwr kro [ CoilAW vwly Kyq iv`c Adl-bdl ky kxk jW jON bIjo [
4. pYrW dw glxw : qxy dy mu`F aupr BUry qoN gihry BUry D`by pYdw ho jWdy hn jo ik bwAd
iv`c kwly ho jWdy hn [ ieh ibmwrI jVH dy qxy nwl dy ih`sy qy vI clI jWdI hY [ ies nwl qxy
dw mu`Flw swrw ih`sw hI sV jWdw hY [
ibjweI 25 AkqUbr qoN 10 nvMbr dy drimAwn kro [ CoilAW vwly Kyq iv`c Adl-bdl
ky kxk jW jON bIjo [ ibmwrI dw twkrw krn vwlIAW CoilAW dIAW iksmW pI bI jI 5, pI bI
jI 1, pI fI jI 4 Aqy bI jI 1053 bIjo [
5. BUrw swVw : p`iqAW au~qy Coty-Coty pwxI iB`jy D`by pY jWdy hn[ hmly vwly p`qy gUVHy BUry ho
jWdy hn [ nmI vwlIAW hwlqW iv`c ieh au~lI Pu`lW, p`iqAW, v`D rhy isirAW, twhxIAW Aqy
f`ifAW qy au~g pYNdI hY [ hmly vwlIAW QwvW glxIAW SurU ho jWdIAW hn[ Pu`l Aqy f`fy vDyry
Krwb huMdy hn [ hmly vwlI QW qy ieh au~lI gUVHI BUrI ho jWdI hY [
bIj nUM au~lInwSkW nwl soD ky bIjo [ 350 gRwm ieMfoiPl AYm-45 jW bylIton/bytwn 200
gRwm nUM pRqI eykV dy ihswb 100-120 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky &sl au~qy ie`k iCVkwA kro [
jykr ies qoN bwAd ies qrHW dI hwlq dubwrw nzr Awvy qW ie`k iCVkwA hor kr idau [
39
 msr

msr pMjwb dI ie`k mh`qvpUrn dwl &sl hY ijs dI kwSq 2013-14 iv`c 0.9 hzwr
hYktyAr rkby au~pr kIqI geI, ijs iv`coN 0.63 hzwr tn pYdwvwr hoeI [ AOsq JwV 6.9
kuieMtl pRqI hYktyAr (2.8 kuieMtl pRqI eykV) sI [
mOsm : msrW nUM TMFy mOsm dI loV hY [ ieh &sl korw Aqy A`q dI TMF shwr skdI hY [
zmIn iv`c bwrS dy dOrwn sWBI geI nmI qy vI ieh &sl augweI jw skdI hY [
zmIn : KwrIAW, klrwTIAW Aqy sym vwlIAW zmInW nUM C`f ky hr qrHW dI zmIn msrW
leI FukvIN hY [
&sl c`kr : Jonw-msr, kpwh-msr, mUMgPlI-msr Aqy Jonw-msr-grmI ru`q dI mUMgI/
grmI ru`q dy mWh [
au~nq iksmW
AY~l AY~l 931 (2009) : ies iksm dy bUty Coty, KVHvyN, BrpUr SwKW Aqy BrpUr &lIAW
vwly huMdy hn [ p`qy gUVHy hry rMg dy, Pu`l gulwbI rMg dy Aqy &lIAW hry rMg dIAW huMdIAW hn[
ieh iksm 146 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies iksm nUM kuMgI rog G`t l`gdw hY Aqy &lI Cydk
suMfIdw hmlw vI G`t huMdw hY [ ies dy dwxy drimAwny moty Aqy hlky D`ibAW vwly huMdy hn [
ieh Kwx iv`c suAwd bxdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 4.8 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
AY~l AY~l 699 (2001) : ies iksm dy bUty Coty, KVHvyN, BrpUr SwKW vwly huMdy hn [
pqrwl gUVHw hrw huMdw hY [ iesnUM Pu`l Agyqy pYNdy hn qy PlIAW vDyry lgdIAW hn [ ieh
iksm qkrIbn 145 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies nUM kuMgI qy Juls rog G`t lgdw hY Aqy
&lI Cydk suMfI dw hmlw vI G`t huMdw hY, Kwx iv`c suAwd bxdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 5.0
kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[
kwSq dy FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : zmIn nUM do iqMn vwr vwhuxw zrUrI hY [ hr vwhI ip`CoN suhwgw Pyr ky
zmIn nUM cMgI qrHW iqAwr kr lau [
ibjweI dw smW : &sl dI ibjweI dw Fu`kvW smW nIm phwVI ielwikAW leI AkqUbr dw
dUjw pMdrvwVw Aqy dUjy ielwikAW leI AkqUbr dy AKIr qoN nvMbr dy pihly h&qy q`k hY [ jy
zrUrq hovy qW pCyqI ibjweI vI kIqI jw skdI hY [ pr pCyqI ibjweI nwl, Kws krky kyNdrI
ijilHAW iv`c, JwV G`t imldw hY [
bIj dI soD : kYptwn* 2 gRwm pRqI iklo bIj nUM lw ky soDo[
bIj nUM tIkw lwauxw : ie`k eykV dy bIj nUM G`t qoN G`t pwxI nwl iglHw krky ies dy iv`c
rweIzobIAm (AY~l AY~l Awr-12) Aqy rweIzobYktIrIAm (Awr bI-2) dy ie`k-ie`k pYktW
nUM cMgI qrHW rlwE[ bIj nUM CW iv`c sukw ky ie`k GMty dy AMdr bIj idau[ imSirq tIky dI
vrqoN nwl &sl dw v`D JwV ilAw jw skdw hY[ rweIzobIAm Aqy rweIzobYktIrIAm nMU bIj
soD dvweI nwl ie`kTw lgwieAw jw skdw hY[ ieh tIky pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI dy
mweIkrobwieAwlojI ivBwg pwsoN iml jWdy hn [
40
 bIjx dw FMg Aqy bIj dI mwqrw : msrW dI &sl Kwd bIj fir`l jW pory jW kyry nwl
bIjo Aqy isAwVW iv`c &wslw 22.5 sYNtImItr r`Ko[ pCyqI ibjweI nwl isAwVW ivckwr &wslw
Gtw ky 20 sYNtImItr kr idau [ jd ieh &sl Jony dI &sl ip`CoN bIjxI hovy qW smyN dI Gwt
qy v`D ig`l kwrn jykr zmIn dI iqAwrI sMBv nw hovy qW ibjweI C`ty nwl vI kIqI jw skdI
hY[ ie`k eykV leI 12 qoN 15 iklo bIj kw&I hY [
ndInW dI rokQwm : ndInW dI rokQwm leI ie`k jW do gofIAW ibjweI qoN 30 Aqy 60 idnW
bwAd kw&I hn [ phIey vwlI suDrI iqRPwlI nwl gofI ssqI pYNdI hY [ ies dy bdl iv~c
ndInW dI rokQwm leI stONp 30 qwkq 600 imlIiltr jW trYPlwn 400 imlIiltr pRqI
eykV nUM ibjweI qoN 2-3 idnW ivc 200 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky iCVkwA kro Aqy 60 idnW
ipCoN iek gofI kro[
pwxI : msrW nUM vrKw dy AwDwr qy 1-2 pwxIAW dI loV hY [ jy ie`k pwxI dyxw hovy qW
ibjweI qoN 6 h&qy bwAd idau [ pr jykr do pwxI lwauxy hox qW pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN 4
h&qy bwAd Aqy dUjw Pu`l pYx smyN jW PlIAW pYx smyN mOsm Anuswr idE [
KwdW : ikauNik ieh PlIdwr &sl hY ies leI 5 iklo nweItRojn (11 iklo XUrIAw)
pRqI eykV pwau [ jykr bIj nUM rweIzobIAm tIkw lwieAw hovy qW 8 iklo PwsPors (50 iklo
suprPwsPyt) pRqI eykV fir`l kro Aqy jykr bIj nUM tIkw nw lwieAw hovy qW 16 iklo PwsPors
(100 iklo suprPwsPyt) pRqI eykV pwau [ dovyN KwdW ibjweI vyly pwau [
vwFI : p`qy su`kx qy &lIAW p`k jwx mgroN &sl k`t lYxI cwhIdI hY [
pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy :
&lIAW iv`c morI krn vwlIAW suMfIAW msrW dw bhuq nukswn krdIAW hn [ ienHW dI
rokQwm leI 900 gRwm syivn/hYkswivn 50 fblXU pI (kwrbirl) nUM 80 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol
ky Pu`l Awaux smyN iCVko [ jy loV pvy qW 3 h&iqAW ip`CoN ie`k iCVkwA hor kro[
stor iv`c l`gx vwly kIVy (dyKo AMioqkw 5) [
A) ibmwrIAW :
msr dIAW mu`K ibmwrIAW Juls rog Aqy kuMgI hn [ pr hlkIAW zmInW iv`c jVW glx
dw rog vI dyiKAw igAw hY [
1. Juls rog : qxy, p`qy, twhxIAW Aqy &lIAW au~qy gUVHy BUry rMg dy D`by pY jWdy hn [ qxy
qy twhxIAW qy ieh D`by lMmy-lMmy huMdy hn [ ies ibmwrI dIAW Kws inSwnIAW huMdIAW hn ik
au~lI dy kwly itmkxy gol dYirAW iv`c huMdy hn [ nrm SwKW nUM ieh D`by ie`k QW qoN moV idMdy
hn Aqy moV qoN aupr bUtw murJwA ky su`k jWdw hY [ ibmwrI rihq bIj vrqo [ au~lI dw nwS
krn leI ibmwrI vwly bUitAW nUM nSt kr idau[ bIj nUM 2 gRwm kYptwn* pRqI iklo bIj
dy ihswb nwl soDo [
2. kuMgI : ies rog nwl bUitAW dIAW twhxIAW, p`qy Aqy PlIAW au~qy hlky pIly rMg dy
auBrvyN D`by pY jWdy hn [ ieh D`by iK`lrvyN jW iek`Ty vI ho skdy hn [ bwAd iv`c ieh BUry
rMg Aqy iPr kwly rMg iv`c bdl jWdy hn[ smyN nwl Coty D`by ie`k dUjy nwl imlky ie`k v`fw
D`bw bx jWdw hY [ jdoN &sl p`kx qy AwauNdI hY qW aus smyN jy ibmwrI dw hmlw izAwdw hovy
41
qw bUty su`ky-sVy nzr AwauNMdy hn [ swP suQry qy ibmwrI qoN rihq bIj vrqo [ rog dw twkrw
krn vwlI iksm ijvyN ik AY~l AY~l 931 bIjo [

pkwvyN mtr

pMjwb iv`c swl 2013-14 dOrwn mtrW dI kwSq qkrIbn 0.9 hzwr hYktyAr rkby
iv`c kIqI geI ijs iv`coN 1.26 hzwr tn auqpwdn hoieAw Aqy AOsq JwV 14 kuieMtl pRqI
hYktyAr (5.6 kuieMtl pRqI eykV) irhw [
mOsm Aqy zmIn : &l qy AweI ies &sl nUM TMFy mOsm dI zrUrq hY [ pRMqU bhuq izAwdw
srdI Aqy korw ies dy &lW qy Pu`lW leI nukswndwiek hn [ pwxI dy cMgy jl inkws vwlIAW
ryqlIAW jW Bl vwlIAW zmInw mtrW dI kwSq leI bhuq AnukUl hn [
&sl c`kr : brwnI hwlqW iv`c mtrW dI kwSq sMnvyN pey KyqW iv`c kIqI jw skdI hY [
isMcweI vwlIAW hwlqW iv`c m`kI-pkwvyN mtr, m`kI/Jonw/cwrw/swauxI dIAW hor &slW-mtr-
grmI ru`q dI mUMgI/grmI ru`q dy mWh/grmI ru`q dy cwry dw &sl c`kr ApxwieAw jw skdw
hY[ grmI ru`q dIAW sbzIAW, kmwd Aqy kpwh vI ies &sl qoN bwAd smyN isr bIjy jw skdy
hn [
huiSAwrpur, ropV, ShId Bgq isMG ngr Aqy gurdwspur dy ielwky ijQy m`kI swauxI iv`c
bIjI jWdI hY, auQy kxk nwloN m`kI ip`CNo bIjy pkwvyN mtr vDyry lwBdwiek rihNMdy hn [ pkwvyN
mtrW ip`CoN bIjI m`kI, kxk ip`CoN bIjI m`kI nwloN 2 qo 2.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV v`D JwV idMdI
hY [ m`kI dy JwV iv`c 2 qoN 2.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hor vI vwDw ho jWdw hY jykr pkwvyN mtrW
dw lwx (PlIAW qoVn ip`CoN) zmIn iv`c hI vwh id`qw jwvy [
suDrIAW iksmW :
pkwvyN mtr 48 (1993) : ieh ie`k AgyqI p`kx vwlI iksm hY, ijs dy bUty is`D,y KVHvyN
Aqy QoVHy bOxy huMdy hn [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 135 idnW iv`c p`k jwdI hY [ ies dIAW &lIAW
lMmIAW hox krky hr ie`k &lI iv`c dwixAW dI igxqI 5-7 huMdI hY [ ies iksm dy dwxy bhuq
hI idl-iK`cvyN hlky hry rMg dy, mot,y mwmUlI JurVIAW vwly Aqy ir`J ky izAwdw Pu`l jWdy hn
Aqy bhuq hI suAwdI bxdy hn [ AgyqI p`kx krky ieh &sl au`lI dy rog qoN Aqy &l dI suMfI
qoN bc jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsqn JwV 8 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pI jI 3 (1977) : ieh sPYd Pu`lW vwlI bOxI iksm hY[ ieh iksm AgyqI Pu`l pYx vwlI
qy AgyqI p`kx vwlI hY [ ies dy dwxy hlky bdwmI, mwmUlI JurVIAW vwly qy ir`J ky izAwdw
Pu`lx vwly huMdy hn Aqy bhuq suAwdI bxdy hn [ AgyqI p`kx krky ieh &sl au~lI qy &lI
dI suMfI qoN bc jWdI hY [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 135 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY[ ies dw AOsqn
JwV 7 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
kwSq dy FMg
Kyq dI iqAwrI : ibjweI qoN pihlW Kyq nUM 2-3 vwr vwho Aqy hr vwhI ip`CNo suhwgw Pyro [
ibjweI smyN Kyq iv`c cMgw v`qr hoxI zrUrI hY [
42
 ibjweI dw smW : ibjweI dw TIk smW AkqUbr dy AMq qoN A`D nvMbr q`k hY [ pRMqU ies
dI ibjweI nvMbr dy AMq q`k vI kIqI jw skdI hY, BwvyN ies nwl JwV qy mwmUlI Asr pYNdw
hY [
ibjweI dw FMg Aqy bIj dI mwqrw : 25-30 iklo bIj pRqI eykV vrqo Aqy kyry jW pory
duAwrw ibjweI krdy smyN isAwVW ivckwr &wslw 30 sYNtImItr r`Ko [
bIj dI soD : kYptwn* 2 gRwm pRqI iklo bIj nUM lw ky soDo[
tIkw lgwauxw : mtrW nUM rweIzobIAm dw tIkw lgwauxw bhuq lwBdwiek hY Aqy ies nwl
10 pRqISq q`k JwV v`D jWdw hY [ ie`k eykV dy bIj nUM G`t qoN G`t pwxI nwl iBauN lau [
tIky dw ie`k pYkt ies iB`jy hoey bIj nwl cMgI qrHW rlw idau [ ieh kMm p`ky sw& &rS aupr
kro[ Pyr bIj CW ivc sukw lau Aqy ie`k GMty dy AMdr ibjweI kr idau[ rweIzobIAm Aqy
bIj soD dvweI nUM iek`Tw lgwieAw jw skdw hY [ rweIzobIAm dw tIkw pMjwb AYgrIklcrl
XUnIvristI dy mweIkrobwieAwlojI ivBwg qoN iml jWdw hY [
KwdW : ibjweI vyly 12 iklo nweItrojn (26 iklo XUrIAw) Aqy 16 iklo PwsPors (100
iklo suprPwsPyt) pRqI eykV, fir`l duAwrw lweInW dy nwl poro [
ndInW dI rokQwm : mtrW dI &sl nUM ibjweI qoN qIsry Aqy CyvyN h&qy bwAd phIey vwlI
hYNf hoA nwl, do gofIAW krky ndInW qoN mukq r`Kxw cwhIdw hY [
ndInW dI rokQwm leI stONp 30 eI sI (pYNfImYQwiln) ie`k iltr pRqI eykV dy ihswb
&sl dy jMmx qoN pihlW, Bwv ibjweI qoN 2 idn dy AMdr vrqI jw skdI hY [ ndIn nwSk
dvweI nUM 150-200 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky swry Kyq qy ie`kswr iCVkwA kro [ stONp dI
vrqoN nwl gu`lIfMfw Aqy cOVy p`iqAW vwly ndIn kwbU kIqy jw skdy hn pr ieh zihr jONDr
dI rokQwm nhIN krdI [
isMcweI : ies &sl dI ibjweI rOxI krn qoN bwAd kro [ pRMqU jy Jony vwly Kyq iv`c ig`l
kw&I hovy qW ieh bgYr isMcweI dy vI bIjI jw skdI hY [ ies nUM do pwxIAW dI zrUrq hY [
pihlw dsMbr dy AKIr iv`c Pu`l pYx smyN Aqy dUsrw &lIAW bxn smyN [ keI ielwikAW iv`c
jy &sl dy smyN bwrS ho jwvy qW isr& ie`k isMcweI dI zrUrq pYNdI hY [ nIm phwVI ielwikAW
iv`c ies dI kwSq brwnI ielwikAW iv`c vI kIqI jw skdI hY [
ktweI : &sl mwrc dy qIsry h&qy ktweI leI iqAwr ho jWdI hY [
pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy :
1. mtrW dy qxy dI suMfI : ieh AgyqI bIjI &sl dy jMm rhy Coty bUitAW dw bhuq nukswn
krdI hY [ ies dy hmly qoN bcx leI &sl dI ibjweI A`D AkqUbr qoN pihlW nw kro [
2. BUrI jUM/ Qirp : ieh CotI &sl dw rs cUs ky bhuq nukswn krdI hY [ ies dI rokQwm
leI 400 imlIiltr rogr 30 eI sI (fweImYQoeyt) nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky hmlw
hox qy iCVko [ loV pYx qy 15 idnW bwAd ie`k iCVkwA hor kro [
3. mtrW dw surMgI kIVw : mtrW dy surMgI kIVy dIAW suMfIAW p`iqAW iv`c surMgW bxw
lYNdIAW hn qy dsMbr-mwrc dy dOrwn bhuq nukswn krdIAW hn [ p`iqAW qy s&Yd tyFIAW-

43
myFIAW DwrIAW pY jWdIAW hn [ ies dI rokQwm leI BUrI jUM/Qir`p nUM mwrn vwly kItnwSkW
dI vrqoN kro[
4. mtrW dw cypw (eyiPf) : ieh kIVy rs cUsdy hn, ijs krky p`qy pIly pY jWdy hn Aqy
su`k jWdy hn [ ies dI rokQwm leI vI BUrI jUM/Qirp vwly kItnwSkW dw iCVkwA kro [
5. &lIAW dIAW suMfIAW : ieh suMfIAW &sl dw nukswn aus dy Pu`lW Aqy PlIAW nUM Kw ky
krdIAW hn [ ies dI rokQwm leI 900 gRwm syivn/hYkswivn 50 fblXU pI (kwrbirl) pRqI
eykV nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI iv`c pw ky iCVko [ jy loV hovy qW 15 idnW bwAd ieh iCVkwA
iPr duhrwau[ AmrIkn suMfI dI rokQwm leI 2 iltr frmt 20 eI sI (klorpweIrI&ws)
jW 800 gRwm AwswtwP 75 AYs pI (AYsIPyt) nUM 100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky ip`TU pMp nwl
iCVko [
swvDwnI : iCVkwA qoN pihlW iqAwr hrIAW &lIAW nUM qoV lau Aqy iPr 7 idnW q`k
PlIAW nw qoVo ikauNik aunHW iv`c zihr dw Asr ho skdw hY [
gudwmW iv`c l`gx vwly kIVy (dyKo AMiqkw 5) [
A) ibmwrIAW
1. ic`tw rog : ic`ty Awty vrgy D`by pOidAW dy qixAW, twhxIAW, p`iqAW qy PlIAW dy bhuq
swry ih`isAW qy idKweI idMdy hn[ ie`k eykV dI Psl auqy Pu`l in`klx smyN 80 imlIiltr
kYrwQyn 40 eI sI (100 iltr pwxI iv`c) do-iqMn iCVkwA 10 idnW dw vkPw pw ky kro [
2. auKyVw qy jVHW dw glxw : ies ibmwrI nwl jVHW gl jWdIAW hn [ hyTly p`qy pIly rMg
dy ho jWdy hn Aqy bUtw murJwA jWdw hY [ do gRwm kYptwn* pRqI iklo bIj nUM lw ky bIjo[ ijnHW
ielwikAW iv`c ies rog dw hmlw izAwdw hovy au~Qy is&wrS kIqy smyN qoN pihlW ibjweI nw
kro [
3. kuMgI : dsMbr qy aus qoN bwAd dy mhIinAW iv`c qixAW, twhxIAW Aqy p`iqAW au~qy
pIly qy BUry lwl rMg dy gol auBrvyN D`by pY jWdy hn [ dsMbr dy AKIr qy 400 gRwm ieMfoiPl
AYm 45*, 100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky, iCVkwA kro [ 10 idn dy vkPy bwAd ie`k jW do
iCVkwA hor kro [ KyqW iv`c irvwVI ndIn nw pYdw hox idau ikauNik ieh rog PYlwaux dw
kwrn bxdw hY [

44
 grmI ru`q dI mUMgI

grmI ru`q dI mUMgI G`t smW lYx vwlI ie`k mh`qvpUrn dwl &sl hY [ ieh &sl AMdwzn
43 hzwr hYktyAr qy bIjI jWdI hY [ ieh &sl G`t smW lYx krky keI &slI c`krW iv`c
bIjI jw skdI hY [ Jonw-kxk &slI c`kr iv`c ies dI Kws mh`qqw hY [
jlvwXU : ies &sl leI grm jlvwXU dI loV hY [ ieh &sl hor dwlW nwloN vDyry grmI
shwr skdI hY [ swauxI ru`q iv`c bIjx leI vI ieh &sl Fu`kvIN hY [
zmIn : mUMgI dI kwSq leI cMgy jl inkws vwlI Bl qoN ryqlI Bl vwlI zmIn cMgI huMdI
hY[ klrwTI jW sym vwlI zmIn mUMgI leI Fu`kvIN nhIN[

&sl c`kr
kmwd/AwlU/kpwh/rwieAw-grmI ru`q dI mUMgI, grmI ru`q dI mUMgI-m`kI/Jonw-rwieAw/kxk,
grmI ru`q dI mUMgI-m`kI-AwlU, grmI ru`q dI mUMgI-Jonw-AwlU, grmI ru`q dI mUMgI-swauxI ru`q
dI mUMgI-rwieAw/kxk Aqy grmI ru`q dI mUMgI-Jonw/m`kI-goBI srHoN
au~nq iksmW
AYs AYm AYl 832 (2010) : ies iksm dy bUty KVHvyN, drimAwny k`d dy siQr vwDy vwly
hn [ ies iksm nUM &lIAW gu`iCAW iv`c l`gdIAW hn jo ik iekswr p`kdIAW hn [ hr &lI
iv`c qkrIbn 9-10 dwxy huMdy hn [ ieh iksm bhuq AgyqI p`kx vwlI hY jo krIb 61 idnW
iv`c p`k jWdI hY[ ies dy dwxy hry, drimAwny Akwr dy Aqy bhuq cmkIly huMdy hn Aqy dwl
suAwd bxdI hY [ ies dw AOsqn JwV 4.6 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
AYs AYm AYl 668 (2002) : ies iksm dy bUty KVHvyN, Coty k`d dy Aqy siQr vwDy vwly huMdy
hn [ ies iksm nUM &lIAW gu`iCAW iv`c l`gdIAW hn jo ik iekswr p`kdIAW hn [ hr &lI
iv`c 10-11 dwxy huMdy hn [ ieh iksm bhuq AgyqI p`kx vwlI hY jo krIb 60 idnW iv`c p`k
jWdI hY[ ies dw AOsqn JwV 4.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies dy dwxy bhuq moty Aqy cmkIly
rMg dy huMdy hn Aqy dwl suAwd bxdI hY [
kwSq dy FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM 2-3 vwr vwh ky Aqy hr vwr suhwgw mwr ky iqAwr kro[ Kyq
p`Drw Aqy Gwh-PUs qoN rihq hoxw zrUrI hY [ kxk v`Fx auprMq grmI ru`q dI mUMgI ibnW Kyq
vwhy vI bIjI jw skdI hY [ jykr Kyq iv`c kxk dw nwV nhIN hY qW mUMgI zIro-itl fir`l nwl
bIjo [ jykr kxk dI ktweI kMbweIn nwl kIqI hovy Aqy kxk dw nwV Kyq iv`c hovy qW mUMgI
dI bIjweI hYpI sIfr nwl kro [
bIj dI mwqrw : AYs AYm AYl 668 iksm leI 15 iklo Aqy AYs AYm AYl 832 iksm
leI 12 iklo bIj pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl vrqo[ bIj qoN l`gx vwlIAW bImwrIAW qoN bcwA
leI kYptwn* jW QIrm dvweI 3 gRwm pRqI iklo bIj lgw ky bIjo [
bIj nUM tIkw lwauxw : ie`k eykV dy bIj nUM qkrIbn 300 imlIiltr pwxI nwl ig`lw
kro[ bIj nUM imSirq jIvwxUM Kwd dy tIky dy ie`k pYkyt (rweIjobIAm AYl AYs AYm Awr-1 Aqy
rweIjobYktIrIAm Awr bI-3) dy nwl cMgI qrHW rlHw idau Aqy CW iv`c sukwE[ tIkw lgwaux
45
qoN ie`k GMty dy AMdr bIj dI ibjweI kro[ bIj nUM ieh tIkw lgwaux nwl JwV v`Ddw hY [ ieh
tIkw pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI dy mweIkrobweIAwlojI ivBwg pwsoN imldw hY[
ibjweI dw smW qy FMg : mUMgI dI &sl 20 mwrc qoN 10 ApRYl q`k bIjo [ ies dI ibjweI
ApRYl dy qIjy h&qy q`k kIqI jw skdI hY, pr p`kx smyN AgyqI mOnsUnI bwrSW nwl nukswn dw
fr rihMdw hY [ grmI ru`q dI mUMgI dI ibjweI 22.5 sYNtImItr cOVIAW kqwrW iv`c kro [ bUty
qoN bUty dw &wslw 7 sYNtImItr r`Ko Aqy bIj fir`l, zIro-itl fir`l jW hYpI sIfr nwl 4 qoN
6 sYNtImItr fUMGw bIjo [
bY~f au~qy grmI ru`q dI mUMgI dI ibjweI : drimAwnIAW Aqy BwrIAW zmInW au~qy grmI ru`q
dI mUMgI dI ibjweI kxk leI vrqy jWdy bY~f plWtr nwl 67.5 sYNtImItr iv`Q qy iqAwr kIqy
bY~fW (37.5 sYNtImItr bY~f Aqy 30.0 sYNtImItr KwlI) auqy kIqI jw skdI hY [ grmI ru`q
dI mUMgI dIAW do kqwrW pRqI bY~f 20 sYNtImItr dI iv`Q qy bIjo [ bwkI kwSqkwrI FMg, bIj,
Kwd Awid dI mwqrw pihlW kIqI geI is&wrS muqwbk hI vrqo [ isMcweI KwLIAW duAwrw hI
kIqI jwvy qW jo pwxI bY~f auproN dI nw vgy [ Aijhw krn nwl &sl nUM Kws krky au~gx smyN
nw isr& mINh dy nukswn qoN hI bcwieAw jw skdw hY sgoN p`DrI ibjweI dy mukwbly lgBg 10
pRqISq izAwdw JwV pRwpq huMdw hY Aqy 20-30 pRqISq pwxI dI b`cq vI huMdI hY [
ndInW dI rokQwm : ndInW qy kwbU pwaux leI ie`k jW do gofIAW dI is&wrS kIqI geI hY[
pihlI gofI ibjweI qoN 4 h&qy ip`CoN Aqy dUjI (jy loV pvy qW) aus qoN 2 h&qy ip`CoN kro[
bwswiln 45 eI sI (PlUklorwiln) 600 imlIiltr pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl cMgy iqAwr
kIqy Kyq iv`c vrqx nwl Aqy ausy idn mUMgI bIjx nwl ndInW dI rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY[
ie`k iltr stONp/stYNp 30 eI sI (pYNfImYQwiln) iCVkwA nwl jW 600 imlIiltr stONp/
stYNp 30 qwkq vwlI Aqy ibjweI qoN cwr h&iqAW ip`CNo ie`k gofI krn nwl vI ndInW dI
rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY [ stONp/stYNp dw iCVkwA ibjweI qoN do idn dy AMdr kr idau[ ndIn
nwSk dvweIAW dy iCVkwA leI 150-200 iltr pwxI vrqo [ ieh ndIn nwSk dvweIAW
mOsmI Gwh Aqy cOVy p`qy vwly ndInW dI cMgI rokQwm krdIAW hn pr lMmI aumr dy ndInW dI
rokQwm nhIN krdIAW[
isMcweI : mOsm qy zmIn dI pwxI sMBwlx dI smr`Qw Anuswr &sl nUM 3 qoN 5 pwxI lwau[
pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN 25 idnW bwAd lwau [ AwKrI isMcweI ibjweI qoN qkrIbn 55 idn
bwAd kro [ ies nwl JwV vDygw Aqy &lIAW iekswr p`kxgIAW [
KwdW : kxk v`Fx auprMq bIjI jwx vwlI grmI ru`q dI mUMgI nUM ibjweI smyN pRqI eykV
5 iklo nweItRojn q`q (11 iklo XUrIAw) Aqy 16 iklo PwsPors q`q (100 iklo suprPwsPyt)
fir`l kr idau [
grmI ru`q dI mUMgI, AwlU dI &sl qoN ip`CoN, (Jonw/m`kI-AwlU-grmI ru`q dI mUMgI dy &slI
c`kr iv`c) ibnw Kwd pwey hI bIjI jw skdI hY[
vwFI Aqy ghweI : &sl aus vyly v`F lau jdoN qkrIbn 80 pRqISq &lIAW p`k jwx [
ghweI leI ik`lIAW vwlw kxk dw QrYSr kuJ qbdIlIAW krky vriqAw jw skdw hY [ jykr
kMbwien nwl mUMgI dI vwFI krnI hovy qW jdoN qkrIbn 80 pRqISq &lIAW p~k jwx qW 800
imlIiltr grYmkson (pYrwkuiet) pRqI eykV 150 qoN 200 iltr pwxI iv~c Gol ky iCVko qW
46
jo p~qy Aqy qxy su~k jwx [ ies FMg nwl smyN Aqy lybr dI b~cq huMdI hY Aqy vwFI dw kMm
qyzI nwl inbVn krky bwrSW nwl &sl ^rwb hox dy fr qoN bicAw jw skdw hY [
pOd sur`iKAw (mUMgI Aqy mWh)
a) kIVy-mkOVy
1. Qir`p : grmI ru`q dI mUMgI qy Qir`p dw hmlw bVw gMBIr huMdw hY [ ieh kIVw bhuq Cotw,
gUVHy BUry rMg dw huMdw hY jo ik Pu`lW dw rs cUsdw hY [ ies dy hmly nwl Pu`l Ku`lHx qoN pihlW hI
JV jWdy hn [ &lIAW G`t pYNdIAW hn Aqy dwixAW dI iksm qy mwVw Asr pYNdw hY [ ies
dy hmly kwrn JwV bhuq G`t jWdw hY Aqy keI vwr swrI dI swrI &sl vI qbwh ho jWdI hY[
ies dI rokQwm leI 600 imlIiltr tRweIzo&ws 40 eI sI jW 100 imlIiltr rogr 30 eI
sI (fweImYQoeyt) jW mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI (mYlwQIAwn) jW 120 imlIiltr mYtwisstwks 25
eI sI (AYksIfYmytn o mIQweIl) nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky h`Q nwl c``lx vwly nYpsYk
pMp nwl pRqI eykV dy ihswb &u`l pYx smyN iCVko [
2. &lI Cydk suMfI : pMjwb iv`c &lI Cydk suMfI grmI ru`q dI mUMgI dI kwSq leI ie`k v`fI
sm`isAw hY [ ieh suMfI mUMgI dy p`qy, fofIAW Aqy &u`lW nUM KWdI hY Aqy &sl dw BwrI nukswn
krdI hY [ pUrI plI suMfI 3-5 sYNtImItr lMmI huMdI hY [ ies dw rMg hrw, pIlw, BUrw jW kwlw
vI ho skdw hY Aqy ies dy srIr dy dohW v`KIAW v`l lMmIAW DwrIAW huMdIAW hn [ ies dy hmly
dw pqw nukswn vwly p`qy, &lIAW iv`c morIAW, bUitAW hyTW zmIn auqy gUVHy hry rMg dIAW iv`TW
qoN l`gdw hY [ jykr hmly vwly bUty nUM zor nwl ihlwieAw jwvy qW ieh suMfIAW bUty qoN hyTW zmIn
qy if`g pYNdIAW hn [ ies kIVy dI rokQwm leI hmlw SurU hox qy 60 imlIiltr spwienosYf
45 AYs sI jW 200 imlIiltr ieMfOkswkwrb 14.5 AYs sI jW 800 gRwm AYsI&yt 75 AYs pI
nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky h`Q nwl c`lx vwly nYpsYk pMp nwl pRqI eykV dy ihswb
nwl iCVkwA kro [ jy zrUrq pvy qW ieh iCVkwA dubwrw kro [
3. qMbwkU suMfI : ieh ie`k bhu-&slI kIVw hY [ CotIAW suMfIAW kwly rMg dIAW huMdIAW hn
Aqy v`fIAW suMfIAW dw rMg gUVHw hrw huMdw hY ijnHW qy kwly rMg dy iqkoxy D`by huMdy hn [ ies
dy pqMgy p`iqAW dy hyTly pwsy JuMfW iv`c AMfy idMdy hn ijhVy ik BUry vwlW nwl Fky huMdy hn [
AMifAW iv`coN inklx qoN bwAd CotIAW suMfIAW JuMfW iv`c p`iqAW dw hrw mwdw KWdIAW hn Aqy
p`iqAW nUM CwnxI kr idMdIAW hn [ bwAd iv`c v`fIAW suMfIAW swry Kyq iv`c iK`lr ky nukswn
krdIAW hn [ p`iqAW dy nwl ieh fofIAW, &u`l Aqy &lIAW dw nukswn vI krdIAW hn [
kwSqkwrI FMgW duAwrw rokQwm : &sl dI ibjweI smyN isr kro [ ndIn, Kws qOr qy
ietist/cp`qI, dI rokQwm kro ikauNik ieh ndIn qMbwkU suMfI leI bdlvyN pOdy dy qOr qy kMm
krdw hY [
mkYnIkl FMgW rwhIN rokQwm : qMbwkU suMfI dy AMfy Aqy CotIAW suMfIAW jo ik p`iqAW nUM JuMfW
iv`c KWdIAW hn, p`iqAW smyq nSt kr idau [
rswiexk rokQwm : ienHW dI rokQwm leI hyTW d`sIAW dvweIAW iv`coN iksy ie`k nUM 100
iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky h`Q nwl c`lx vwly ip`TU pMp nwl pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl iCVko:
150 imlIiltr nUvwlorwn 10 eI sI* jW
800 gRwm AYsI&yt 75 AYs pI jW
47
 1.5 iltr klorpweIrIPws 20 eI sI
ieh iCVkwA kIVy dw hmlw SurU hox qy hI kr idau Aqy jy loV pvy qW 10 idnW bwAd
dubwrw kro [
A) ibmwrIAW
1. mUMgI dw icqkbrw rog : ieh ie`k ivSwxU rog hY ijhVw ik ic`tI m`KI rwhIN PYldw hY[
rogI bUitAW dy p`iqAW au~qy icqkbry pIly Aqy hry rMg dy ctwK pY jWdy hn Aqy aunHW nUM koeI
PlI nhIN l`gdI jW bhuq hI G`t pIlIAW &lIAW l`gdIAW hn [ iesdI rokQwm leI :
. &sl dy AwrMB iv`c hI rogI bUty k`F idau [
. ies rog dw twkrw krn vwlI mUMgI dIAW iksmW AYs AYm AYl 668 Aqy AYs AYm AYl
832 Aqy mWh dIAW iksmW mWh 1008 Aqy mWh 218 bIjo[
. ic`tI m`KI qy kwbU pwaux leI 40 gRwm QwieAwmYQoksm 25 fblXU jI jW 600 imlIiltr
tRweIAYzo&ws 40 eI sI nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky iCVkwA kro [
2. jVHW dw glxw : ies rog dy hmly kwrn pOdy dy p`iqAW, twhxIAW, qxy Aqy jVHW au~qy
kwly Gyry (GwE ijhy) ho skdy hn [ rogI QW qy au~lI jMmI nzr AwaudI hY [ ies ibmwrI qy
kwbU pwaux leI bIj nUM bIjx qoN pihlW kYptwn* jW QIrm dvweI nwl soD lau [ ie`k iklo
bIj ip`Cy iqMn gRwm dvweI vrqo [
3. Juls rog : ieh rog p`iqAW dI auprlI iC`l, fMfIAW Aqy nvIAW SwKwvW qoN SurU huMdw hY
Aqy hOlI-hOlI bUty auproN Juls jWdy hn[ Aijhy Julsy bUitAW dIAW twhxIAW Kyq iv`c dyKIAW
jw skdIAW hn[ is`lHy mOsm iv`c p`iqAW qy au~lI dy ic`ty jwly ijhy bx jWdy hn Aqy BUry rMg
dI au~lI vI jMm jWdI hY [ &sl qy ieh ibmwrI Kyq ivcly ndInW qoN AwauNdI hY [ Kyq nUM ndIn
rihq r`K ky ies ibmwrI nUM roikAw jw skdw hY [

grmI ru`q dy mWh

pMjwb iv`c grmI ru`q dy mWh dI kwSq AMdwzn 2.5 hzwr hYktyAr BUmI iv`c kIqI jWdI
hY [
jlvwXU Aqy zmIn : QoVHy Arsy vwlIAW (70 qoN 75 idn) iksmW nIm phwVI ielwikAW
iv`c grmI dy mOsm dOrwn (mwrc qoN jUn) bIjIAW jw skdIAW hn [ mWh dI &sl lgBg hr
qrHW dI zmIn iv`c ho skdI hY [ lUxIAW-KwrIAW, klrwTIAW jW sym vwlIAW zmInW iv`c ies
dI kwSq sMBv nhIN [ ies &sl dI kwSq nwl zmInW dI aupjwaU SkqI v`DdI hY [
&sl c`kr : grmI ru`q dy mWh dI &sl isMcweI vwlIAW hwlqW iv`c kmwd, AwlU, qorIAw
jW rwieAw qoN bwAd bIjI jw skdI hY [
au~nq iksmW
mWh 1008 (2004) : ies iksm dy bUty KVHvyN Aqy Coty k`d dy (25 sYNtImItr) huMdy hn[
ieh iksm qkrIbn 72 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies iksm nUM BrpUr &lIAW l`gdIAW hn
48
Aqy hr &lI iv`c 6-7 dwxy huMdy hn [ ies iksm nUM pIlI icqkbrI Aqy p`iqAW dw JurV-
murV ivSwxU rog G`t l`gdy hn [ AOsq JwV qkrIbn 4.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies dy
dwxy moty Aqy kwly rMg dy huMdy hn, ijnHW iv`c 24 pRqISq pRoytIn huMdI hY Aqy dwl suAwdlI
bxdI hY [
mWh 218 (1988) : ies iksm dy bUty KVHvyN, guMdvyN Aqy Coty k`d dy (30 sYNtImItr) huMdy
hn [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 75 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies iksm nUM BrpUr &lIAW l`gdIAW
hn Aqy hr &lI iv`c qkrIbn 6-7 dwxy huMdy hn [ AOsq JwV qkrIbn 4 kuieMtl pRqI eykV
hY [ ies dy dwxy moty Aqy B`dy kwly rMg dy huMdy hn, ijnHW iv`c 23 pRqISq pRoytIn huMdI hY Aqy
dwl suAwdlI bxdI hY [

kwSq dy FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : do jW iqMn vwr vwhux ip`CNo suhwgw mwr ky Kyq cMgI qrHW iqAwr kro[
ibjweI smyN Kyq ndIn rihq hoxw zrUrI hY [
bIj dI mwqrw : ibjweI leI 20 iklo bIj pRqI eykV pwaux dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY[
3.6 imlImItr motI CwxnI nwl CwixAw hoieAw motw bIj vrqo [
ibjweI dw smW qy FMg : ies dI ibjweI 15 mwrc qoN lY ky ApRYl dy pihly h&qy q`k kr
idau [ kqwrW ivckwr 22.5 sYNtImItr Aqy bUitAW ivckwr 4-5 sYNtImItr dw &wslw r`Ko[
bIj 4 qoN 6 sYNtImItr fUMGw fir`l/kyry/pory nwl bIjo [
ndInW dI rokQwm : ibjweI qoN ie`k mhInw bwAd ie`k gofI krn dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI
hY[ ip`CoN &sl dy bUty iml ky zmIn nUM F`k lYNdy hn, ijs krky Gwh-PUs au~pr nhIN au~Tdw[
ndInW dy Kwqmy leI stONp 30 eI sI (pYNfImYQwiln) 600 imlIiltr pRqI eykV iCVko
Aqy 25 idnW ip`` CoN ie`k gofI kro jW stONp 30 eI sI 1.0 iltr pRqI eykV iCVko [ stONp dw
iCVkwA ibjweI qoN 2 idnW dy AMdr kr idau [ ndIn nwSk dvweI dy iCVkwA leI 150-
200 iltr pwxI vrqo [ ieh ndIn nwSk dvweI mOsmI Gwh Aqy cOVy p`qy vwly ndInW dI cMgI
rokQwm krdI hY pr lMmI aumr dy ndInW dI rokQwm nhIN krdI [
isMcweI : mWh dI &sl nUM iqMn qoN cwr isMcweIAW dI loV pYNdI hY [ AwKrI isMcweI ibjweI
qoN qkrIbn 60 idnW bwAd kro [ ies nwl JwV vDygw Aqy &lIAW ie`kswr p`kxgIAW[
KwdW : ibjweI smyN 11 iklo XUrIAw Kwd (46%) Aqy 60 iklo suprPwsPyt (16%) pRqI
eykV dy ihswb nwl fir`l kr idau [
vwFI : &sl dI ktweI aus vkq kro jdoN bhuq swrIAW &lIAW p`k jwx [ &sl dy bUty
jVW qoN hI nhIN pu`txy cwhIdy [ ghweI dw kMm pRc`lq FMg nwl hI krnw cwhIdw hY [
not : pOd-sur`iKAw leI mUMgI Q`ly dyKo [

49
 3. qyl bIj &slW

qorIAw, rwieAw, srHoN Aqy qwrwmIrw

srHoN jwqI dIAW &slW ijvyN ik qorIAw, goBI srHo Aqy qwrwmIrw nUM vpwrk AwDwr qy rypsIf
mMinAw jWdw hY, jd ik rwieAw nUM mstrf iv`c igixAw jWdw hY [ pMjwb iv`c 2013-14 dOrwn
srHoN jwqI dIAW qylbIj &slW dI kwSq 32 hzwr hYktyAr rkby qy kIqI geI jdik auqpwdn
Aqy AOsq JwV kRmvwr 41.8 hjwr tn Aqy 13.06 kuieMtl pRqI hYktyAr (5.22 kuieMtl pRqI
eykV) rhy [ qorIAw Aqy goBI srHoN syNjU hwlqW iv`c hI bIjy jWdy hn, jd ik rwieAw syNjU Aqy
brwnI hwlqW iv`c bIijAw jWdw hY [ qwrwmIrw isr& brwnI hI bIijAw jWdw hY [
mOsm : ieh &slW 25-40 sYNtImItr bwrS vwly ielwikAW leI FukvIAW hn [ qwrwmIrw
G`t bwrS vwly ielwky leI FukvW hY jdoN ik rwieAw, goBI srHoN Aqy qorIAw drimAwnI qoN BwrI
bwrS vwly ielwky leI FukvIAW hn [
zmIn : qorIAw Aqy rwieAw Awid &slW cMgy jl inkws vwlIAW, hlkIAW mYrw qy
drimAwnIAW BwrIAW zmInW iv`c bhuq cMgIAW huMdIAW hn [ rwieAw Aqy goBI srHoN lgBg
swrIAW qrHW dIAW zmInW ivc bIjy jw skdy hn, pr qorIey dI &sl dI kwSq leI mYrw zmIn
cMgI hY [ qwrwmIrw Awm qOr qy ryqlIAW qy mYrw-ryqlIAW zmInW iv`c cMgw huMdw hY [
&sl c`kr : syNjU hwlqW iv`c Awm &sl c`kr hn :
qorIAw : grm ru`q dI mUMgI-qorIAw-kxk, swauxI dw cwrw-qorIAw-kxk, swauxI dw cwrw-
qorIAw-sUrjmuKI/AwlU (bsMq ru`q), swauxI ru`q dw cwrw/mUMg&lI-qorIAw+goBI srHoN-grm ru`q
dI mUMgI, swauxI ru`q dw cwrw-qorIAw-isAwlU m`kI (pnIrI nwl), swauxI ru`q dw cwrw-qorIAw-
kmwd moFw-kxk [ Jonw-qorIAw-sUrjmuKI[
rwieAw : Agyqw cwrw/m`kI/bwjrw-rwieAw-grm ru`q dI mUMgI, kpwh-rwieAw [
goBI srHoN : Jonw-goBI srHoN-grm ru`q dI mUMgI, swauxI dw cwrw-qorIAw+goBI srHoN-grm ru`q
dI mUMgI, kpwh-goBI srHoN (pnIrI rwhIN), m`kI-goBI srHoN-grm ru`q dI mUMgI[
au~nq iksmW
AMqrrwStrI p`Dr qy knOlw sroHN aunHW iksmW nUM kihMdy hn ijnHW dy qyl iv`c 2 pRqISq qoN
G`t ierUisk eyisf Aqy Kl iv`c 30 mweIkro mol pRqI gRwm qoN G`t glUkoisnolyts hMudy hn[
ijAwdw ierUisk eyisf vwly qyl dI vrqoN nwl DmnIAW dy moty hyx nwl idl dy rogW dy v`Dn dI
sMBwvnw hMUdI hY[ K`l ivcly ijAwdw glUkoisnolt
y s jwnvrW iv`c Bu`K Aqy jxnpn nUM Gtwaux
dy nwl-nwl g`lV rog nUM vDwaNdy hn [ knOlw iksmW dy qyl iv`c ierUisk eyisf dI mwqrw

50
G`tx nwl muPw (AOilk eyisf) dI mwqrw gYr klOlw iksmW (10-20 pRqISq) dy mukwbly bhuq
ijAwdw (60-65 pRqISq) huMdI hY [ knOlw iksmW dw qyl mnu`KI ishq leI Aqy Kl pSUAW dI
Kurwk leI bhuq vDIAw huMdy hn [ pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI v`lo isPwirS kIqI geI
rwieAw dI iksm Awr AYl sI 3 Aqy goBI srHoN dIAW jI AYs sI 7, jI AYs sI 6 Aqy hwieElw
pI ey sI 401 knOlw iksmW hn [
qorIAw
tI AYl 17 (2011) : AgyqI p`kx vwlI ieh iksm bhu &slI c`kr leI pI bI tI 37
dy mukwbly vDyry FukvIN hY [ ieh iksm 90 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY[ iesnUM vDyry SwKwvW Aqy
&lIAW l`gdIAW hn [ iesdw AOsq JwV 5.2 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY Aqy ies dy bIjW iv`c
42.0 pRqISq qyl huMdw hY [
pI bI tI 37 (1994) : ieh AgyqI p`kx vwlI iksm hY ijs krky ieh iksm qorIAw-
kxk dy &sl c`kr leI bhuq FukvIN hY[ ieh 91 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw mu`K qxw
lMmw hox krky ieh vDyry SwKwvW Aqy PlIAW nwl l`idAw huMdw hY [ ies dy bIj gUVHy BUry rMg
Aqy moty Awkwr dy huMdy hn[ ies dw AOsq JwV 5.4 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies iv`c qyl dI
mwqrw 41.7 pRqISq hY [
tI AYl 15 (1978) : ieh iksm 88 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ieh AgyqI p`kdI hY ijs
krky ieh iksm qorIAw-kxk dy &sl c`kr leI bhuq FukvIN hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 4.5
kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 41 pRqISq hY [
rwieAw
Awr AYl sI 3 (2015) : ieh iksm Bwrq dI knOlw kuAwiltI rwieAw dI pihlI iksm
hY [ pIly dwixAw Aqy drimAwny k`d vwlI ies iksm dI isPwirS swry pRWq iv~c syNjU hwlqW
iv~c smyN isr ibjweI leI kIqI geI hY [ ieh iksm ic~tI kMugI pRqI shxSIl hY[ies dw
AOsq JwV 7.3 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY Aqy qyl dI mwqrw 41.5 pRqISq hY [ ieh 145 idnW
iv~c p~k jWdI hY[
pI bI Awr 357 (2014) : rwieAw dI ies iksm dI swry pRWq iv`c smyN isr Aqy syNjU
hwlqW iv`c ibjweI leI is&wirS kIqI geI hY [ ieh ie`k drimAwny k`d vwlI iksm hY ijs
nUM SwKwvW v`D lgdIAW hn [ ies dy dwxy moty huMdy hn [ ies iksm nUM ic`tI kuMgI Aqy Juls
rog hor iksmW nwloN G`t l`gdw hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 8.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies iv`c
qyl dI mwqrw 39.0 pRqISq hY [ ieh 145 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [
pI bI Awr 210 (2002) : ies iksm dI pMjwb dy d`KxI-p`CmI ijilHAW (biTMfw, mwnsw,
iProzpur, mukqsr Aqy PrIdkot) iv`c smyN isr Aqy syNjU hwlqW iv`c ibjweI leI is&wrS
kIqI geI hY [ ieh iksm drimAwny k`d dI hY Aqy ies dIAW SwKwvW izAwdw inkldIAW hn
Aqy PlIAW vI bhuq izAwdw lgdIAW hn [ ies dy p`qy drimAwny qoN lMby Awkwr Aqy hlky
hry rMg dy huMdy hn [ qxw motw huMdw hY[ ies iksm nUM ic`tI kuMgI dw rog vI G`t l`gdw hY [
ies dw AOsq JwV 6 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY Aqy qyl dI mwqrw 38 pRqISq hY[ ieh iksm 150
idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [

51
 pI bI Awr 97 (1997) : ies iksm dI pMjwb iv`c brwnI hwlqW iv`c bIjx dI is&wrS
kIqI geI hY [ ieh lMby k`d vwlI iksm hY [ ies dy qxy dIAW SwKwvW sMGxIAW Aqy PlIAW
vDyry huMdIAW hn [ ies dy bIj drimAwny moty Aqy ienHW ivc 39.8 pRqISq qyl huMdw hY[ ies
dw AOsq JwV 5.2 kuieMtl/eykV hY [ ieh iksm 136 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY[
pI bI Awr 91 (1994) : ies iksm dI is&wrS pMjwb dy d`Kx-p`CmI ielwky (biTMfw,
PrIdkot, iProzpur, mukqsr Aqy mwnsw ijilAW) leI kIqI geI hY [ syNjU hwlqW iv`c smyN-
isr ibjweI leI ieh FukvIN iksm hY [ ieh drimAwny k`d (170 sYNtImItr) dI iksm hY Aqy
ies nUM tihxIAW bhuq inkldIAW hn[ ies dy p`qy cOVy, moty Aqy gUVHy hry rMg dy huMdy hn [
ies iksm dy dwxy moty Aqy kwly BUry rMg dy huMdy hn ijnHW iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 37.6% pRqISq
hY [ ies dIAW PlIAW Aqy mu`K SwKwvW lMbIAW huMdIAW hn[ ieh iksm 145 idnW iv`c p`k
jWdI hY[ ies iksm nUM ic`tI kuMgI dw rog G`t l`gdw hY Aqy Juls rog Aqy kIiVAW dw hmlw
rwieAw dIAW bwkI iksmW dy brwbr hI huMdw hY[ ies iksm dw AOsq JwV 8.1 kuieMtl pRqI
eykV hY[
Awr AYl AYm 619 (1983) : ies iksm dI swry pRWq iv`c syNjU Aqy brwnI dohW hwlqW
iv`c bIjx dI is&wrS kIqI geI hY [ ies dw k`d Cotw huMdw hY ijs krky ies iksm au~qy
dyr q`k vI iCVkwA kIqy jw skdy hn [ ies dy bIj moty huMdy hn Aqy aunHW iv`c 43 pRqISq
qyl huMdw hY [ ies nUM ic`tI kuMgI Aqy pIly D`ibAW dw rog vI G`t lgdw hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV
8 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ pMjwb dI nrmw p`tI iv`c nrmy-kpwh ip`CoN bIjx leI ieh iksm
FukvIN hY [ ieh 143 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY[
goBI srHoN
jI AYs sI 7 : (2014) : ieh goBI srHoN dI iek knOlw iksm hY [ ies iksm dI swry pRWq
iv`c smyN isr Aqy syNjU hwlqW iv`c ibjweI leI is&wirS kIqI geI hY [ ieh iek drimAwny
k`d vwlI iksm hY ijs nUM ic`tI kuMgI dw rog nhIN l`gdw Aqy Juls rog G`t lgdw hY [ ies
dy bIj cmkIly Aqy kwly BUry rMg dy huMdy hn [ ies dw AOsq JwV 8.9 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[
ies iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 40.5 pRqISq hY jo ik jI AYs sI 6 Aqy hwieElw pI ey sI 401 nwloN
lgBg 1.3 pRqISq izAwdw hY [ ieh 154 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [
jI AYs sI 6 : (2007) : ieh goBI srHoN dI knOlw iksm hY ijs dI swry pMjwb iv`c smyN
isr Aqy syNjU hwlqW iv`c ibjweI leI is&wrS kIqI geI hY [ ies dy dwxy cmkIly Aqy moty
hn Aqy ies dw AOsq JwV 6.1 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies ivc qyl dI mwqrw 39.1 pRqISq
hY [ ieh iksm 145 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [
hwieElw pI ey sI 401 (2004) : ieh doglI knOlw iksm hY ijs dI swry pRWq iv`c syNjU
hwlqW iv`c bIjx dI is&wrS kIqI geI hY [ ieh drimAwny k`d dI iksm hY jo 150 idnW
iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dy bIj BUry kwly Aqy cmkIly huMdy hn ijnHW iv`c 42 pRqISq qyl huMdw
hY[ ies dw AOsq JwV 6.7 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
jI AYs AYl 2 (1994) : ieh iksm AYtrwzIn rwhIN ndIn rokx leI FukvIN hY [ ies
iksm nUM pMjwb iv`c smyN isr Aqy syNjU hwlqW iv`c bIjx dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [ ies
dIAW p`qIAW gUVHIAW hrIAW Aqy CqrI vWg huMdIAW hn [ ies dw qxw motw hox krky ieh

52
FihMdI nhIM [ ieh iksm qkrIbn 160 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 6.8
kuieMtl/eykV hY[ ies iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 44.5 pRqISq hY Aqy qyl vDIAw kuAwltI dw huMdw
hY [
jI AYs AYl 1 (1985) : ies iksm dI kwSq swry pRWq ivc bVI kwmXwbI nwl kIqI jw
skdI hY [ ies dy p`qy sMGxy, mulwiem Aqy suAwd iv`c im`Ty huMdy hn Aqy ies dw swg bhuq
vDIAw huMdw hY [ ies dw mu`Flw vwDw hOlI-hOlI huMdw hY Aqy PrvrI dy SurU q`k Pu`l nhIN inkldy,
ijs krky &sl kory qoN bcI rihMdI hY [ ies dy pOdy nroey huMdy hn Aqy CyqI nhIN FihMdy [ ieh
p`kx leI 160 idn lYNdI hY [ ieh qkrIbn 6.7 kuieMtl pRqI eykV AOsq JwV idMdI hY [ ies
dy bIjW iv`c 44.5 pRqISq vDIAw iksm dw qyl huMdw hY[
qwrwmIrw
tI AYm AYl sI 2 (1990) : ies iksm dI biTMfw, sMgrUr, iProzpur Aqy huiSAwrpur,
gurdwspur, ropV Aqy ShId Bgq isMG ngr dy kMFI ielwikAW leI isPwrS kIqI geI hY [
ies dw mu`K qxw lMmw huMdw hY Aqy izAwdw PlIAW vI ies qxy qy hI huMdIAW hn Aqy PlIAW iv`c
bIjW dI igxqI vI izAwdw huMdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 2.9 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY Aqy ies dy
bIjW iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 36.6 pRqISq hY [ ieh iksm p`kx leI 150 idn lYNdI hY [
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
ibjweI dw smW :
smW &sl/iksm it`pxI
sqMbr dw pihlw qorIAw : tI AYl 17, pI bI tI 37, tI AYl 15 QoVHy smyN dI inrol &sl
pMdrvwVHw
A`D sqMbr qorIAw+goBI srHoN rlvIN &sl
AkqUbr 10 qoN goBI srHoN : jI AYs sI 7, jI AYs sI 6, hweIElw inrol &sl
30 AkqUbr q`k pI ey sI 401, jI AYs AYl 2 Aqy jI AYs AYl 1 (is`DI ibjweI leI)
swrw AkqUbr qwrwmIrw : tI AYm AYl sI 2 inrol &slW, is`DI
ibjweI
A`D AkqUbr qoN rwieAw : Awr AYl sI 3, pI bI Awr 357, pI bI v`D JwV leI AgyqI
A`D nvMbr Awr 210, pI bI Awr 91 pI bI Awr 97, Awr ibjweI nUM pihl idau
AYl AYm 619
A`D AkqUbr qoN rwieAw : Awr AYl AYm 619 ipCyqI ibjweI
nvMbr dy AMq q`k
nvMbr qoN A`D goBI srHoN : jI AYs sI 6, hweIaulw pI.ey.sI 401, pnIrI rwhIN
dsMbr jI AYs AYl 1
not : jdoN srHoN Aqy rwieAw nUM iksy hor &sl iv`c rlvW bIjxw hovy qW ienHW dI ibjweI dw smW mu`K
&sl dI ibjweI qy inrBr hY[ zmIn iv`c nmI G`t hovy qW ies dI ibjweI qoN ie`k rwq pihlW bIj
nUM ig`lI im`tI iv`c imlw ky r`Kxw cwhIdw hY [ im`tI iv`c imlwieAw hoieAw bIj Kyq iv`c ie`kswr
vMf leI vI shweI huMdw hY [
53
 Kyq dI iqAwrI : &sl nUM cMgI qrHW augwaux leI Kyq nUM vDIAw iqAwr krnw bhuq zrUrI
hY [ Kyq nUM 2 qoN 4 vwr vwho Aqy hr vwhI bwAd suhwgw zrUr Pyro [ brwnI ielwikAW iv`c
Kyq nUM ie`k qoN do vwr dysI hl nwl vwh ky hr vwr suhwgw Pyro [ qorIey dy cMgy jMm leI v`qr
vwlI zmIn dI loV hY, pr bhuuq izAwdw ig`l vI qorIey dy jMm leI cMgI nhIN [

ibjweI dw FMg
inrol ibjweI : ieh &slW firl jW pory nwl bIjIAW jw skdIAW hn [ v`K-v`K qyl bIj
&slW iv`c is&wrS kIqy bUty qoN bUty dw shI &wslw r`Kx leI ibjweI qoN iqMn h&qy bwAd
&sl nUM ivrlw krnw pYNdw hY[ pr ieh mMqv pUrw krn leI h`Q nwl c`lx vwlI qyl bIj
fir`l dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY [ ies mSIn nwl bIj ie`kswr qy shI mwqrw iv`c pYNdw hY
Aqy kqwrW ivckwr &wslw mSIn iv`c l`gy mwrkr nwl ie`ko ijhw r`iKAw jw skdw hY [ bIj
cu`kx vwly rolr nUM Gtw-vDw ky bIj dI mwqrw bdlI jw skdI hY [ gMny iv`c srHoN jW qorIAw
bIjx leI vI ies mSIn nUM sPlqw nwl vriqAw jw skdw hY[
do-qr&w ibjweI : rwieAw dI ibjweI leI do-qrPw FMg Apxwau[ au~qr qoN d`Kx dy
isAwVW iv`c 30 sYNtImItr Aqy pUrb qoN p`Cm v`l dy isAwVW ivckwr 45 sYNtImItr &wslw
r`Ko [ do idSwvW iv`c bUitAW drimAwn 10-15 sYNtImItr dw &wslw r`Ko [ jy isAwV nyVy (30
sYNtImItr) r`Ky jwx qW 900 gRwm Aqy jy ienHW ivckwr &wslw izAwdw (45 sYNtImItr) hovy qW
600 gRwm bIj dI loV pvygI [ ibjweI dy smyN 45 iklo suprPwsPyt Aqy 27 iklo XUrIAw Kwd
au~qr-d`Kx idSw dy isAwVW hyT poro [ iesy qrHW 30 iklo suprPwsPyt Aqy 18 iklo XUrIAw
Kwd pUrb qoN p`Cm dIAW lweInW iv`c poro [ nweItrojn dI dUjI ikSq C`ty nwl, pihly pwxI
smyN pwau[
ibnW vhweI ibjweI : rwieAw ibnW vhweI qoN zIro itl firl nwl bIijAw jw skdw hY[
ijnHW KyqW iv``c ndIn izAwdw hox au~Qy ibjweI qoN pihlW 500 imlIiltr/eykV gRwmYkson dw
200 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky iCVkwA krn nwl ienHW dI rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY [ rwieAw nUM
ibnW vhwey bIjx dy keI lwB hn ijvyN ik fIzl Aqy smyN dI b`cq, vwXUmMfl dw G`t pRdUSx,
pihlI isMcweI smyN pwxI dI b`cq, ndInW dI G`t sm`isAw qy &sl dw G`t if`gxw Awid [ ienHW
kwrnW krky &sl JwV pUrw idMdI hY qy Krcw vI G`t AwauNdw hY [ ienHW lwBW qoN ibnW ies FMg
nwl izAwdw rkby qy rwieAw dI &sl dI ibjweI smyN isr kIqI jw skdI hY [
do &slI bIj fir`l nwl ibjweI : trYktr nwl c`lx vwlI do &slI bIj firl goBI srHoN,
rwieAw Aqy kxk bIjx leI vrqI jw skdI hY [ Kyq iblkul p`Dr Aqy pUrI qrHW iqAwr hoxy
cwhIdy hn [ ies iv`c brIk JrIAW vwlw rolr 3-4 AYm AYm KolH ky Coty qyl bIj bIjx leI
vriqAw jWdw hY Aqy v`fIAW JrIAW vwlw rolr kxk bIjx leI vriqAw jWdw hY [ ibjweI
mSIn 3-4 iklomItr pRqI GMtw dI r&qwr nwl clwauxI cwhIdI hY [
bIj dI mwqrw Aqy bUitAW ivckwr &wslw : qorIAw, rwieAw, goBI srHoN Aqy qwrwmIrw jdoN
inrol bIjxy hox qW 1.5 iklo bIj pRqI eykV vrqo[ inrol &sl dI ibjweI fir`l jW pory nwl
30 sYNtImItr iv`Q vwlIAW lweInW iv`c 4-5 sYNtImItr fUMGI kro [ bUitAW ivckwr 10 qoN 15
sYNtImItr dI iv`Q r`Ko [ qwrymIry iv`c ieh iv`Q 15 sYNtImItr r`KxI cwhIdI hY [ goBI srHoN
dIAW kqwrW iv`c 45 sYNtImItr Aqy pOdy qoN pOdy dw 10 sYNtImItr &wslw r`Kxw cwhIdw hY [

54
 jykr knOlw goBI sroHN jI AYs sI 6 Aqy pI ey sI 401 dI ibjweI nvMbr mhIny iv`c krnI
pvy qW kqwrW ivckwr Pwslw 30 sYNtImItr Aqy pOdy qoN pOdy dw Pwslw 10 sYNtImItr rKxw
cwhIdw hY [
KwdW : KwdW dI vrqoN im`tI prK dy AwDwr qy kro (dyKo AiDAwie ‘im`tI prK’) [ jy
Aijhw nw ho sky qW drimAwnIAW aupjwaU zmInW iv`c KwdW dI vrqoN A`gy ilKy Anuswr kro[
ryqlI B`l vwlIAW zmInW iv`c goBI srHoN dI &sl nUM 60 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV dy ihswb
vrqo [
q`q* (iklo pRqI eykV) KwdW (iklo pRqI eykV)
&sl
nweItRojn PwsPors potwS** XUrIAw suprPwsPyt imaUryt Aw&
potwS
(syNjU hwlqW iv`c)
qorIAw 25 8 - 55 50 -
rwieAw Aqy goBI srHoN 40 12 6 90 75 10

(brwnI hwlqW iv`c)

rwieAw 15 8 - 33 50 -
qwrwmIrw 12 - - 26 - -
* ieh q`q mMfI iv`c imldIAW hor KwdW qoN vI pRwpq kIqy jw skd hn [ (AMiqkw 4)
** potwS q`q kyvl audoN pwE jdoN prK Anuswr ies q`q dI Gwt hov[y

not :
jykr zmIn iv`c izMk dI Gwt hovy qW rwieAw nUM izMk slPyt (21%) 10 iklo pRqI eykV dy ihswb
nwl pwau [
jykr qorIAw qy goBI srHoN rlw ky sqNMbr dy A`D q`k bIjxy hox qW 55 iklo nweItRojn Aqy 12 iklo
PwsPors pRqI eykV pwau [ ibjweI smyN 25 iklo nweItRojn Aqy swrI PwsPors fir`l kro Aqy bwkI
dI 30 iklo nweItRojn qorIAw v`F ky isMcweI nwl pwE[
jy nweItRojn XUrIey dI Skl iv`c pwauxI hovy qW rOxI qoN qurMq pihlW pwau [
jykr goBI srHNo jI AYs AYl 1 iksm dI pnIrI rwhIN kwSq ie`k nvMbr qoN A`D dsMbr q`k krnI
hovy qW nweItRojn q`q dI vrqoN 25% GtweI jw skdI hY [
PwsPors leI isMgl suprPwsPyt Kwd nUM pihl idau [ jy ieh Kwd nw imly qW 50 iklo ijpsm
pRqI eykV dy ihswb hor pwE, Kws krky sl&r q`q dI Gwt vwlIAW zmInW iv`c[
jykr mMfI iv`c ijpsm nw auplbD hovy qW gMDk dI Gwt vwlIAW zmInW iv`c gMDkI &ws&yt Kwd
(ijs iv`c 15 iklo nweItRojn, 33 iklo &ws&ors Aqy 15 iklo gMDk q`q pRqI 100 iklo Kwd hud
M y
hn) nUM bdlvyN rUp iv`c pwieAw jw skdw hY [
KwdW pwaux dw smW qy FMg : syNjU hwlqW iv`c qorIey nUM swrI Kwd (nweItRojn Aqy &ws&ors)
ibjweI smyN por idau [ rwieAw, goBI srHoN nUM swrI &ws&ors, potwS Aqy A`DI nweItRojn ibjweI

55
smyN pwau [ bwkI dI A`DI nweItRojn pihly pwxI nwl pwau [ brwnI hwlqW iv`c rwieAw Aqy
qwrwmIrw nUM ibjweI qoN pihlW swrI Kwd por idau [
qorIAw qy goBI srHoN dI rlvIN &sl bIjxw : qyl bIjW dw vDyry JwV lYx leI qorIAw qy goBI
srHoN iek`Ty bIjy jw skdy hn [ ienHW dI ibjweI sqMbr dy A`D iv`c 22.5 sYNtImItr dUrI dIAW
kqwrW (ie`k kqwr qorIAw dUjI goBI srHoN) iv`c kIqI jw skdI hY jW qorIey dw C`tw dy idau Aqy
goBI srHoN nUM 45 sYNtImItr iv`Q dIAW kqwrW iv`c bIjo [ dohW &slW dw ie`k-ie`k iklo bIj
vrqo[ ies qrHW qorIAw dsMbr dy A`D q`k v`F ilAw jWdw hY Aqy goBI srHoN A^Ir mwrc q`k
Kyq iv`c rihMdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 12 kuieMtl pRqI eykV (4 kuieMtl qorIAw+8 kuieMtl
goBI srHoN) in`kl AwauNdw hY [
goBI srHoN qy jvI cwry dI rlvIN &sl bIjxw : goBI srHoN nUM 60 sYNtImItr kqwrW iv`c 7.5
sYNtImItr bUty qoN bUty dw Pwslw r`Kdy hoey, jvI dIAW do kqwrW nUM AMqr &sl dy qOr qy augwaux
nwl inrol &sl dy mukwbly vDyry auqpwdkqw Aqy Awmdn pRwpq kIqI jw skdI hY[ goBI srHoN
leI is&wrS kIqI bIj Aqy Kwd dI mwqrw vrqo jdik jvI cwry leI do iqhweI bIj Aqy KwdW
hI pwE [ cwry leI jvI dIAW do ktweIAW, pihlI ktweI 50-55 idnW qy Aqy dUsrI ktweI
pihlI ktweI qoN 30 idnW bwAd kro [
pnIrI rwhIN goBI srHoN dI kwSq
goBI srHoN dI &sl pnIrI rwhIN vI kwmXwbI nwl augweI jw skdI hY[ ijQy ibjweI pCyqI
(nvMbr qoN A`D dsMbr) krnI hovy qW ies qrIky nUM pihl idau [ vDyry JwV lYx leI nvMbr
iv`c pnIrI pu`t ky Kyq iv`c lw idau [
a. pnIrI iqAwr krnw : pnIrI pu`t ky Kyq iv`c lwaux qoN 60 idn pihlW hI goBI srHoN
jI AYs AYl 1 Aqy 35-45 idn pihlW hweIaulw pI ey sI 401 Aqy 30-35 idn pihlW jI
AYs sI 6 dI pnIrI bIj idau [ ie`k eykV leI lgBg A`T mrly (200 vrg mItr) QW iv`c
bIjI pnIrI kw&I hY [ cMgI nroeI pnIrI iqAwr krn leI Kyq, ijs iv`c kw&I is`lH hovy, dI
vDIAw iqAwrI bhuq zrUrI hY [ 4.5 iklo XUrIAw Aqy 4 iklo isMgl suprPwsPyt AwKrI vwhI
smyN pw idau Aqy zmIn p`Dr kr lvo [ hux goBI srHoN dI jI AYs AYl 1 jW hweIaulw pI ey sI
401 jW jI AYs sI 6 dy 400 gRwm bIj dw ie`kswr C`tw idau Aqy bIj nUM qrMglI jW dMidAW
vwlI hYro nwl cMgI qrHW imlw idau [ bIj au~gx qoN 10 idnW ip`CoN ie`k hlkw ijhw pwxI lw
idau[ ies qoN ip`CoN ie`k jW do pwxI loV Anuswr idau [
A. goBI srHoN dI pnIrI pu`t ky lwauxw : rOxI krn ip`CNo Kyq nUM cMgI qrHW iqAwr kro [ goBI
srHoN leI 45 sYNtImItr dI iv`Q qy isAwV k`Fo Aqy pnIrI dy bUty 10 qoN 15 sYNtImItr dI iv`Q
qy lwauNdy jwau [ ies ip`CoN isAwV Br idau Aqy qurMq pwxI dy idayu [
e. bY~f plWitMg : goBI srHoN dI pnIrI rwhIN s&l kwSq bYfW au~pr vI kIqI jw skdI hY[
ies qrIky nwl 10-15% JwV iv`c vwDw huMdw hY Aqy 20-25% isMcweI vwly pwxI dI b`cq
kIqI jw skdI hY [ Kyq iqAwr krn qoN bwAd pUrI &ws&ors Aqy A`DI nweItRojn dI Kwd dw
iC`tw AwKrI vhweI qoN pihlW idE [ bYfW nUM is&wrS kIqy gey kxk bYf plWtr nwl bxwau[
goBI srHoN dy bUitAW dIAW do lweInW nUM bYf dy aupr kqwr qoN kqwr 30 sYNtImItr Aqy bUty qoN
bUtw 10 sYNtImItr dy &wsly aupr lgwE [ pnIrI lwaux qoN iekdm bwAd Kyq nUM pwxI lw
56
idE[ nweItRojn dI A`DI rihMdI Kwd 3-4 h&iqAW bwAd pihlW pwxI lwaux qoN bwAd pw
idE Aqy bY~fW dy ipCly pwsy l`igAw qKqw (Sypr) htw ky plWtr nUM KwlHIAW iv`c Pyr ky ienHW
nUM shI Awkwr dy dyvo [
ndInW dI rokQwm : qorIey nUM ibjweI qoN 3 h&qy ip`CNo ie`k gofI Aqy rwieAw, goBI srHoN Aqy
qwrwmIry nUM hYNf ho nwl ie`k jW do gofIAW kw&I hn [ ndInW dI rokQwm hyT ilKy ndIn nwSk
zihrW nwl vI kIqI jw skdI hY [
&sl ndIn nwSk dw nW mwqrw/eykV smW
qorIAw trweIPlUrwiln* 400 im.il. ibjweI qoN pihlW
(trYPlwn 48 eI sI)
rwieAw AweIsopRotXUrwn 400 gRwm ibjweI qoN do idn ip`CoN
(75 fblXU pI) ndIn au~gx qoN pihlW jW
jW ibjweI qoN 25-30 idnW ip`CoN

tRweIPlUrwiln 625 im.il. jW ibjweI qoN pihlW

(trYPlwn 48 eI sI) 400 im.il. Aqy
ibjweI qoN 50
idnW ip`CoN ie`k
gofI
goBI srHoN AweIsopRotXUrwn 300 gRwm ndIn au~gx qoN ip`CoN
(jI AYs AYl 1, 75 fblXU pI jW pr pihly pwxI qoN pihlW
jI AYs AYl 2) PlUklorwiln (bwswiln 650 im.il. ibjweI qoN pihlW
45 eI sI) jW
trweIPlUrwiln 625 im.il. ibjweI qoN pihlW
(trYPlwn 48 eI sI)

pnIrI rwhIN AweIsopRotXUrwn 300 gRwm pnIrI pu`t ky Kyq iv`c

bIjI goBI srHoN 75 fblXU pI lwaux qoN qurMq ip`CNo pr pwxI
lwaux qoN pihlW
goBI srHoN AYtrwzIn (AYtrwtwP 320 gRwm ndIn au~gx qoN pihlW
(jI AYs AYl 2) 50 fblXU pI) jW ibjweI qoN 20-25
bIj rwhIN bIjI idnW ip`CoN pr pihly
pwxI qoN 2-3 idn pihlW[

* ie`tis`t/cupq
` I dI bhuq cMgI qrHW rokQwm krdI hY [
swvDwnIAW : ndIn nwSkW dy iCVkwA leI 200 iltr pRqI eykV pwxI vrqo [
AweIsopRotXUrwn dI vrqoN nwl SurU iv`c rwieAw Aqy goBI srHoN (bIj rwhIN bIjI) qy kuJ mwVw
Asr pYNdw hY, pr bwAd iv`c &sl TIk ho jWdI hY [ ndIn nwSk zihrW nwl mOsmI Gwh Aqy
cOVy p`iqAW vwly ndInW dI cMgI qrHW rokQwm ho jWdI hY [ jykr &sl ausy idn iCVkwA krn
ip`CoN bIjI geI hovy qW ndIn nwSk dvweI nUM Kyq iv`c rlwaux dI zrUrq nhIN [

57
 isMcweI : jy rwieAw qy goBI srHoN dI ibjweI BwrI rOxI (10-12 sYNtImItr) qoN bwAd kIqI
geI hovy qW pihlI isMcweI iqMn qoN cwr h&qy bwAd krnI cwhIdI hY [ ies nwl pOidAW dIAW
jVHW fUMGIAW jwxgIAW jo ik Kwd dI Xog vrqoN leI zrUrI hn [ rwieAw dI &sl nUM jy zrUrq
hovy qW dUsrw pwxI Pu`l pYx qy idau [ jy korw pYx dw fr hovy qW dUsrw pwxI pihlW vI id`qw jw
skdw hY [ goBI srHoN dI &sl nUM dUsrw pwxI dsMbr AKIr jW jnvrI dy SurU iv`c idau [ qIjI
Aqy AwKrI isMcweI PrvrI dy dUjy pMdrvwVy iv`c id`qI jw skdI hY [ ies qoN bwAd pwxI nhIN
dyxw cwhIdw nhIN qW &sl dy if`gx dw fr hY [
qorIey dI ibjweI BrvIN rOxI qoN bwAd kIqI jwvy [ qorIey nUM zrUrq Anuswr Pu`l pYx smyN
ie`k isMcweI kIqI jw skdI hY [
imAwrI bIj pYdw krnw : rypsIf qy mstrf dy bIj vwly Pwrm invykly QW qy hoxy cwhIdy
hn [ knOlw Aqy G`t ierUsk eyisf vwlIAW iksmW vwsqy nvyklI QW dI cox leI vDyry iKAwl
r`Kx dI loV hY [ qorIAw Aqy qwrymIry vwlIAW pr-prwgx &slW leI bIj kyvl aunHW bUitAW
qoN lau ijhVy ik qMdrusq Aqy iqkonI Skl vwly qy bhuqIAW SwKW vwly hox Aqy ies leI &sl
v`KrI augwau [ rwieAw vrgIAW svY-pRwgx &slW iv`coN EprI iksm dy bUty ie`k vwr Pu`l pYx
qoN pihlW Aqy dUsrI vwr ktweI qoN pihlW pu`t idau [
&sl dI ktweI qy ghweI : PlIAW jdoN pIlIAW ho jwx qW &sl k`tx leI iqAwr ho
jWdI hY [ vyly isr bIijAw qorIAw dsMbr dy pihly h&qy k`t ilAw jWdw hY [ rwieAw Aqy
qwrwmIrw mwrc iv`c Aqy goBI srHoN ApRYl dy pihly pMdrvwVy iv`c k`tx leI iqAwr ho jWdI
hY[ rwieAw Aqy goBI srHoN dI &sl k`tx vyly zrUrI iDAwn dyxw cwhIdw hY, ikauNuik ies dy
bIj JVn dw fr huNMdw hY[ k`tI hoeI &sl gwhux qoN 7-10 idn pihlW Fyr (kuMnUM) bxw ky
r`KxI cwhIdI hY[ ghweI leI ik`lIAW vwlw kxk dw QrYSr kuJ qbdIlIAW krky vriqAw jw
skdw hY [ (AMiqkw 3)
pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy :
1. icqkbrI BUMfI : ies dw hmlw puMgr rhI &sl qy AkqUbr dy mhIny Aqy Pyr p`kI &sl
qy mwrc/ApRYl dy mhIny izAwdw huMdw hY[ ies BUMfI dy Coty Aqy jvwn kIVy p`iqAW Aqy PlIAW
iv`coN rs cUsdy hn ijs nwl p`qy Aqy PlIAW su`k jWdIAW hn [ ies dI rokQWm leI :
• pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN 3-4 h&qy ip`CoN lwau [ ies nwl icqkbrI BUMfI dI igxqI kw&I
G`t jWdI hY [
• ies dI rokQwm 400 imlIiltr mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI (mYlwQIAwn) jW 250 imlIiltr
eykwlks 25 eI sI (kuienlPws) pRqI eykV dw 60 qoN 80 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky
iCVkwA krn nwl kIqI jw skdI hY [
2. slytI suMfI : ieh suMfI CotI &sl dy p`qy Kw ky morIAW kr idNMdI hY [ jy ies dw hmlw
izAwdw hovy qW swry p`qy hI Kw jWdI hY[ icqkbrI BUMfI nUM mwrn vwly kItnwSkW dw iCVkwA
krky slytI suMfI dI vI rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY [

58
 3. rwieAw dw cypw : ieh kIVy bhuq izAwdw igxqI iv`c Pu`lW Aqy PlIAW nUM F`k lYdy
hn[ ieh kwPI izAwdw mwqrw iv`c pOdy dw rs cUsdy hn (dyKo Poto nM.1 s&w nM. 198) [ ijs
dy is`ty v`joN pOdw m`Drw rih jWdw hY, PlIAW sukV jWdIAW hn Aqy bIj nhIN bxdy [ ies dI
Asrdwr Aqy ssqI rokQwm leI hyT iliKAw FMg ApxwE :
• &sl dI ibjweI AgyqI kro [ ho sky qW AkqUbr dy qIjy h&qy q`k ibjweI ho jwxI cwhIdI
hY [
• KwdW dI is&wrS kIqI imkdwr hI pwE [
• kIt-nwSk dvweIAW dI vrqoN kIiVAW dI pOidAW au~qy igxqI Aqy aunHW dy nukswn krn
dI smr`Qw dy AwDwr qy pwE [ ies dw AMdwzw hyT ilKy FMgW nwl lwieAw jw skdw hY :
ie`k eykV rkby iv`coN 12 qoN 16 pOdy jo ik Kyq iv`c, ie`k dUjy qoN dUr-dUr hox, h&qy
iv`c do vwr cuxo [ ieh kMm jnvrI dy pihly h&qy qoN SurU kr idayu [ jykr pOdy dI ivckwrlI
SwK dy isry qy cypy dI igxqI 50 qoN 60 pRqI 10 sYNtImItr ih`sy qy hovy qW iCVkwA krnw
cwhIdw hY [
jW
jdoN bUty dI ivckwrlI SwK dw isrw 0.5 qoN 1.0 sYNtImItr cypy nwl F`ikAw jwvy [
jW
jdoN 40 qoN 50 pRqISq pOidAW qy cypw nzr Awvy (ies leI pRqI eykV 100 pOoidAW dI
prK kro) [
jdoN kIiVAW dI igxqI aupr id`qy p`DrW qy phuMc jwvy qW hyT ilKIAW kIt nwSk dvweIAW
dI vrqoN nwl cypy dI rokQwm ho skdI hY [ jykr kIiVAW dI igxqI dubwrw aupr ilKy p`Dr
q`k phuMc jwvy qW smyN-smyN qy iCVkwA dubwrw kIqw jwxw cwhIdw hY [
iCVkwA leI 80 qoN 125 iltr pwxI (&sl dI hwlq Anuswr) iv`c hyT ilKy kItnwSkW
iv`coN koeI iek kItnwSk pRqI eykV is&wrS imkdwr dy ihswb nwl vrqo :
AYktwrw 25 fblXU jI (QwieAwmYQoksm) 40 gRwm
mYtwisstwks 25 eI sI (AOksIfYmIton mIQweIl)
rogr 30 eI sI (fweImYQoeyt) 400 imlIiltr
AYkwlks 25 eI sI (ikaUnlPws)
mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI (mYlwQIAwn)
frsbwn/korobwn 20 eI sI (klorpweIrIPws) 600 imlIiltr

dwxydwr kIt nwSk : cypy dI rokQwm cwr iklogrwm iQmt/Poroilk 10 jI (Poryt) jW

13 iklogRwm iPaUrwfwn 3 jI (kwrboPUrwn) dw pRqI eykV C`tw mwr ky Aqy bwAd iv`c hlkI
isMcweI krky vI kIqI jw skdI hY [
4. p`qy dw surMgI kIVw : ies dy lwrvy/ suMfIAW p`qy iv`c surMgW bxw ky bhuq nukswn krdy
hn [ qyly qy kwbU pwaux leI is&wrS kIqy kItnwSk ijvyN ik mYtwisstwks 25 eI sI jW rogr
30 eI sI jW dwxydwr kItnwSkW dy pRXog nwl ies dI rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY [
59
 5. vwlW vwlI suMfI jW kuqrw Aqy bMd goBI dI suMfI : ieh kIVy p`iqAW, nrm krUMblW
Aqy hrIAW PlIAW dw bhuq nukswn krdy hn [ CotI aumr iv`c suMfIAW JuMfW ivc pOidAW nUM
KWdIAW hn (dyKo Poto nM.2 s&w nM. 198) Aqy v`fIAW ho ky ie`k Kyq qoN dUjy Kyq iv`c clIAW
jWdIAW hn [
JuMfW dI Skl iv`c ieh suMfIAW hmly vwly p`iqAW nUM qoV ky ^qm krn nwl kwbU kIqIAW
jw skdIAW hn [ v`fw suMf 5 pRqISq mYlwQIAwn dw DUVw 15 iklo pRqI eykV DUV ky kwbU kIqw
jw skdw hY jW 200 imlIiltr nUvwn 85 AYs AYl (fweIklorvws) nUM 80 qoN 125 iltr pwxI
iv`c Gol ky pRqI eykV iCVkwA krky vI ies qy kwbU pwieAw jw skdw hY[
6. AwVU dw hrw cypw : qwrymIry dI &sl qy &rvrI iv`c ies dw hmlw pUry zor qy huMdw
hY[ Pu`l Aqy PlIAW pYx qy ieh kIVw isry dIAW fofIAW dw nukswn krdw hY [ nqIjy v`jo Pu`l
if`gx l`gdy hn [ PlIAW G`t bxdIAW hn Aqy bIj sukVy hoey huMdy hn [ ies qy kwbU pwayux
leI &sl dI ibjweI AkqUbr dy pihly h&qyy hoxI cwhIdI hY [ PrvrI dy qIjy h&qy jdoN kIVw
aupr vwlIAW fofIAW qy iek`Tw huMdw hY qW 200 imlIiltr rogr 30 eI sI (fweImYQoeyt) jW
250 imlIiltr mYtwisstwks 25 eI sI (AOksIfYmyton mIQweIl) nUM 100 iltr pwxI iv`c
Gol ky pRqI eykV iCVkwA krn nwl ies dI rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI
kyvl ie`k iCVkwA hI kwPI hY [
icqwvnI
1. Awm qOr qy cypy dw hmlw jnvrI dy A`D iv`c izAwdw huMdw hY [ ies leI jnvrI dy pihly
h&qy qoN bUitAW qy ies dI igxqI bwry sucyq hox dI loV hY [ ies qy kwbU pwaux dy FMg
Aqy smyN bwry PYslw krn leI lgwqwr, id`qy gey smyN dy vkPy Anuswr pOidAW qy ies dI
igxqI krdy rihxw cwhIdw hY [
2. dvweI dw iCVkwA duiphr qoN bwAd hI krnw cwhIdw hY [ ies smyN pRwgx ikirAw krn
vwly kIVy-mkOVy G`t hrkq iv`c huMdy hn[
3. swg leI vrqI jwx vwlI &sl qy isr& mYlwQIAwn dvweI dI hI vrqoN kro [ iCVkwA
krn qoN bwAd ie`k h&qw swg nhIN qoVnw cwhIdw [
A) ibmwrIAW :
1. Juls rog : pOdy dy p`iqAW, PlIAW Aqy qxy qy BUry qoN kwly rMg dy gol D`by pY jwdy hn
(dyKo Poto nM.3 s&w nM. 198)[ izAwdw hmly dI sUrq iv`c qxy dw auprlw ih`sw qy PlIAW
JV jWdIAW hn [ pihlI &sl dy mu`FW dw nwS kr idau [ &sl qy pihlw iCVkwA 250
gRwm blweItOks jW ieMfoi&l AYm-45* dw 100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky pRqI eykV dy ihswb
nwl audo kro jdoN &sl qkrIbn 75 idnW dI ho jwvy [ dUjw iCVkwA 15 idnW bwAd 100
imlIiltr skor 25 eI sI pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl kro[ qIsrw iCVkwA iPr blweItOks jW
ieMfoiPl AYm-45* dw 15 idnW bwAd kro [
2. pIly D`ibAW dw rog : ieh ibmwrI jVHW nUM C`f ky bwkI swry bUty qy hmlw krdI hY [
p`iqAW Aqy PlIAW qy ies dw hmlw vDyry huMdw hY [ p`iqAW qy hyTly pwsy Coty-Coty hlky hry-
pIly rMg dy dwg pY jWdy hn ijhVy ik bwAd iv`c v`fy ho jWdy hn Aqy ienHW dI igxqI vI v`D

60
jWdI hY [ p`qy su`k jWdy hn Aqy qxy by-Skl ho jWdy hn [ ies ibmwrI dI rokQwm leI 250
gRwm blweItoks jW ieMfoiPl AYm-45* nUM 100 iltr pwxI iv`c pw ky 3-4 iCVkwA 15 idnW
dI iv`Q qy kro [ pihlw iCVkwA audo kro jdoN &sl 75 idnW dI hovy [
3. ic`tI kuMgI : p`iqAW dy hyTly pwsy bhuq ic`ty jw bdwmI rMg dy dwxy ijhy bx jWdy hn[
ibmwrI dy Asr vwly ih`sy moty, Bwv Pu`l jWdy hn [ Pu`lW dI Skl ivgV jWdI hY Aqy ienHW iv`c
bIj nhIN pYNdy, Pu`lW dIAW p`qIAW hrIAW ho jWdIAW hn [ Pu`lW dy nr ih`sy vI p`iqAW dI Skl
Dwrn kr lYNdy hn (dyKo Poto nM.4 s&w nM. 198) [ ieh ibmwrI jVHW nUM C`f ky bwkI hr Bwg qy
hmlw krdI hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI pIly D`ibAW dI rokQwm vwlw ielwj kro [
4. hry p`iqAW dw rog (ivSwxU rog) : ies rog dy Asr nwl pOdy JwVI dI qrHW bx jWdy
hn Aqy Pu`lW dI QW CotIAW-CotIAW hrIAW p`qIAW bx jwdIAW hn [ AgyqI ibjweI nhIN krnI
cwhIdI [ ibmwrI vwly bUty Kyq iv`coN pu`tky swV idau [

AlsI

AlsI dI kwSq mu`K qOr qy gurdwspur, huiSAwrpur Aqy ropV ijilHAW iv`c hI kIqI jWdI
hY [ au~nq isPwrSW nUM Aml iv`c ilAw ky AlsI dy JwV iv`c coKw vwDw kIqw jw skdw hY[
mOsm : AlsI dI &sl izAwdw mINh vwly ielwikAW iv`c cMgI huMdI hY[
zmIn : cMgy jl inkws vwlI mYrw qoN rohI (cIkxI) zmIn ies &sl leI sB qoN cMgI huMdI
hY [
au~nq iksmW
AYl sI 2063 (2007) : ieh ie`k v`D JwV dyx vwlI iksm hY jo ik pMjwb dy AlsI dI
ibjweI vwly ielwky vwsqy is&wrS kIqI geI hY [ ieh BrpUr SwKwvW vwlI lMmI Aqy nIly Pu`lW
vwlI iksm hY Aqy p`kx leI 158 idn lYNdI hY [ ies dy dwxy cmkIly BUry Aqy moty hn Aqy
ienHW iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 38.4 pRqISq hY[ ies dw AOsq JwV 4.89 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[
ies ivc ibmwrIAW nUM sihx dI smrQw AYl sI 2023 ijMnI hI hY[
AYl sI 2023 (1998) : ies dI is&wrS brwnI Aqy syNjU dohW hwlqW iv`c kIqI jWdI hY[
ieh iksm au~cy k`d, nIly Pu`l Aqy vDyry GuMfrW vwlI hY [ ies dy dwxy BUry rMg Aqy drimAwny
Awkwr dy huMdy hn[ ies dIAW p`qIAW gUVHy hry rMg dIAW huMdIAW hn[ ieh iksm p`kx leI
brwnI hwlqW ivc 158 qy syNjU hwlqW iv`c 163 idn lYNdI hY [ ieh iksm auKyVy, kuMgI Aqy
ic`ty rog dw twkrw krn dI smrQw r`KdI hY [ ies dy bIj iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 37.4 pRqISq
huMdI hY Aqy ies dw AOsq JwV 4.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
Kyq dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM ikMnI vwr vwhuxw hY, ieh g`l Kyq iv`c au~gy Gwh-PUs qy inrBr
krdI hY [
ibjweI dw smW : AlsI dI ibjweI AkqUbr dy pihly pMdrHvwVy krnI cwhIdI hY [

61
 bIj dI mwqrw Aqy ibjweI dw FMg : iqAwr kIqI hoeI zmIn iv`c 15 iklo bIj dI ie`k
eykV leI loV pYNdI hY [ ibjweI 4-5 sYNtImItr fUMGweI qy fir`l jW pory nwl krnI cwhIdI hY[
lweInW dw &wslw 23 sYNtImItr Aqy pOidAW dw &wslw 7-10 sYNtImItr r`Ko [
ibnW vhweI ibjweI : AlsI dI ibjweI vI ibnW vhwaux qoN zIro itl firl nwl kIqI jw
skdI hY [ ijnHW KyqW iv`c ndIn izAwdw hox au~Qy A`Dw iltr gRwmYkson 200 iltr pwxI iv`c
imlw ky iCVkx nwl bIjx qoN pihlW aunHW dI rokQwm kr skdy hW [ AlsI nUM ibnW vhwey
bIjx dy keI lwB hn ijvyN ik fIzl Aqy smyN dI b`cq, vwXUmMfl dw G`t pRdUSx, pihlI
isMcweI smyN pwxI dI b`cq, ndInW dI G`t sm`isAw qy AlsI dw G`t if`gxw Awid [ ienHW
kwrnW krky &sl JwV pUrw idMdI hY qy Krcw vI G`t AwauNdw hY [ ienHW lwBW qoN ibnW ies FMg
nwl izAwdw rkby qy AlsI dI &sl dI ibjweI smyN isr kIqI jw skdI hY [
KwdW : AlsI leI kyvl 25 iklo nweItRojn (55 iklo XUrIAw) Aqy 16 iklo PwsPors
(100 iklo suprPwsPyt) pRqI eykV vrqo [ swrI Kwd bIjx smyN pwau [ PwsPors q`q isMgl
suprPwsPyt Kwd rwhIN pwaux nUM qrjIh idau [
ndInW dI rokQwm : AlsI dI &sl nUM do gofIAW kro [ pihlI ibjweI qoN iqMn h&qy ip`CoN
Aqy dUjI gofI, ibjweI qoN Cy h&qy ip`CoN kro [ phIey vwlI suDrI iqRPwlI nwl gofI ssqI pYNdI
hY[ ndInW dI rokQwm leI AweIsopRotXUrwn (75 fblXU pI) 500 gRwm pRqI eykV dy ihswb 200
iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky &sl dI ibjweI qoN do idn iv`c jW pihly pwxI qoN pihlW jW bwAd
iCVkwA kIqw jw skdw hY [
pwxI : AlsI dI &sl qoN vDyry JwV lYx leI 3 qoN 4 pwxI kwPI hn [ AlsI nUM Pu`l
in`klx smyN ie`k pwxI dyxw zrUrI hY [
&sl dI ktweI : ieh &sl ApRYl dy mhIny iv`c k`tx leI iqAwr ho jWdI hY [
Kwls bIj pYdw krnw : &sl iv`coN Pu`l pYx Aqy ktweI smyN Epry bUty pu`t su`to [ AlsI
AYl sI 2023 Aqy AYl sI 2063 dy Pu`lW dw rMg nIlw huMdw hY [

pOd sur`iKAw
(a) kIVy :
lUsx dI suMfI : ieh suMfI p`qy Kw jWdI hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI &sl qy 450 gRwm syivn/
hYkswivn 50 fblXU pI (kwrbirl) jW 400 imlIiltr mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI (mYlwQIAwn)
80 qoN 100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl iCVkwA kro [
(A) ibmwrIAW :
1. kuMgI : gulwbI rMg dy D`by Aqy DwrIAW p`iqAW, twhxIAW Aqy PlIAW au~qy pY jWdy hn[
rog dw twkrw krn vwlIAW iksmW bIjo [ &sl aupr gMDk dw DUVw 7 iklo pRqI eykV dy
ihswb jW 500 gRwm ieMfoiPl zYf-78* (iznyb 75 pRqISq) 250 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky
iCVkwA kro [
2. auKyVw : CotI aumr dI &sl qy jd hmlw huMdw hY qW pOdy mr jWdy hn [ rog dw
twkrw krn vwlIAW AYl sI 2023 Aqy AYl sI 2063 iksmW bIjo [

62
 3. ic`tw rog : p`iqAW a~uqy ic`ty rMg dw DUVw nzr AwauNdw hY [ izAwdw hmly smyN p`qy,
twhxIAW Aqy Pu`l vI ies dI lpyt iv`c Aw jWdy hn [ ies nwl bhuq p`qy JV jWdy hn Aqy
bIj sukV jWdy hn[ &sl dy Pu`l in`klx qoN pihlW gMDk dw DUVw 7 iklo pRqI eykV dy ihswb
DUVo [

ksuMBVw

ksuMBVw dy bIjW ivc 24-36 pRqISq qyl dI mwqrw huMdI hY [ ies dy qyl ivc 94%
AnsYcUryitf PYtI eyisf huMdy hn [ ies dy qyl iv`c 74% ilnolIeyk eyisf dI mwqrw hox kwrn
ieh idl dy mrIjW leI bhuq cMgw hY [ pihlW ies dy Pu`lW dIAW p`qIAW nUM k`pVw im`lW ivc
rMgweI leI vriqAw jWdw sI pRMqU hux ienHW p`qIAW dw rMg Bojn Aqy dvweIAW nUM rMg dyx leI
vriqAw jWdw hY [ ies dI KlH, pSUAW dI Kurwk dy qOr qy vrqI jWdI hY [ ies dIAW fUMGIAW
jVHW kwrn ies dI kwSq brwnI ielwikAW leI FukvIN hY [
jlvwXU : ksuMBVy dI kwSq leI KuSk Aqy TMFw jlvwXU cwhIdw hY[ ies dI kwSq brwnI
ielwikAW leI s&lqw pUrvk kIqI jWdI hY [
zmIn : ksuMBVy nUM bhuq iksm dIAW zmInW ivc augwieAw jw skdw hY pr cMgy inkws
vwlI, mYrw zmIn ies dI kwSq leI izAwdw FukvIN hY [
&sl c`kr : ksuMBVy nUM swauxI dIAW &slW ijvyN ik m`kI, mUMgI, mWh, iql Aqy cwry dI
&sl qoN bwAd bIijAw jw skdw hY [
zmIn dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM 2-3 vwr vwh suhwg ky mu`FW Aqy ndInW qoN rihq krky iqAwr
kro [
bIj dI mwqrw Aqy soD : ishqmMd Aqy rog rihq 6 iklo bIj iek eykV dI ibjweI leI
kwPI hY [ bIj rwq Br pwxI ivc iBaux nwl ies dI jMmx SkqI vD jWdI hY [
ibjweI dw smW Aqy FMg : ksuMBVy dI ibjweI dw FukvW smW AkqUbr dy AKIrly hPqy qoN
nvMbr dw pihlw hPqw hY [ brwnI hwlqW ivc bIj dI fUMGweI dw bhuq mh`qv hY [ bIj 5-7
sYNtImItr fUMGw 45 sYNtImItr iv`Q vwlIAW lweInW ivc bIj idE Aqy bUty qoN bUty dw &wslw
15 sYNtImItr r`Ko [
KwdW : 16 iklo nweItRojn (35 iklo XUrIAw) pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl pwau [ &ws&ors dI
Kwd kyvl aunHW zmInW ivc hI pwau, ijhVIAW zmInW im`tI dI prK dy ADwr qy PwsPors q`q
G`t drswauNdIAW hox [ swrI Kwd ibjweI dy smyN hI por idau [
ndInW dI rokQwm : iek jW do gofIAW ndInW dI rokQwm leI kwPI hn [ gofI leI hYNf ho
(h`Q vwlI qrPwlI) dI vrqoN AswnI nwl kIqI jw skdI hY [ ksuMBVy ivc ndInW dI rokQwm
zihrW nwl vI kIqI jw skdI hY pr zihr dI vrqoN vyly zmIn ivc nmI kwPI hovy ies leI
stONp 30 eI sI (pYNfImYQiln) iek iltr pRqI eykV 200 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky ndInW dy
puMgrx qoN pihlW (ibjweI dy 24 GMty dy AMdr-AMdr) iCVkw kro [

63
 isMcweI : ijQy isMcweI dIAW shUlqW hox Aqy ibjweI smyN zmIn ivc nmI bhuq G`t hovy,
qW ibjweI qoN pihlW id`qw Bwrw pwxI (10 sYNtImItr) kwPI lwhyvMd is`D huMdw hY [ bwAd iv`c
jykr sMBv hovy qW tihxIAW Pu`tx vyly iek pwxI dyx nwl aupj ivc kwPI vwDw ho jWdw hY [
ktweI : jdoN Pu`l BUry ho jwx qW &sl ktweI leI iqAwr hY [
ghweI : ies dI ghweI, kxk ghwaux vwlI mSIn nwl s&lqw pUrvk kIqI jw skdI hY[
ies dw AOsqn JwV 5-6 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
pOd-sur`iKAw
a) kIVy :
kusMBVy dI &sl qy cyopy dIAW do iksmW jnvrI qoN mwrc q`k hmlw krdIAW hn [
hrw cypw : ieh qylw pOdy dI goB iv`c plHdw hY Aqy iesdy hmly krky bUty Awkwr ivc
mDry rih jWdy hn Aqy keI vwr su`k vI jWdy hn [
kwlw cypw : ieh p`iqAW, krUMblW Aqy qxy qy huMdw hY [ ies dy hmly kwrn bUty kmzor
Aqy mDry rih jWdy hn Aqy Juls jWdy hn[
dovyN cyipAW dI rokQwm leI 100 imlIiltr rogr 30 eI sI (fweImYQoet y ) jW monoisl
36 AYs AYl (monokrotoPws) jW 250 imlIiltr korobwn 20 eI sI (klorpweIrIPws) nUM 100
iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl iCVkwA kro [ jy loV hovy qW 15 idnW bwAd
iek iCVkw hor kro [
A) ibmwrIAW :
auKyVw Aqy Pu`lW dw glxw : bUty pIly Aqy BUry ho ky mr jWdy hn[ ieh au~lI krUMblW, qxy,
Pu`lW Aqy jVHW qy AwauNdI hY [ pihlI &sl dy mu`FW dw nwS kr idau [ ishqmMd Aqy rog rihq
&sl qoN bIj vrqo[ bUitAW dy mu`FW qy im`tI nw cVHwau [ izAwdw rog vwly KyqW ivc auh &slW
nw bIjo ijnHW qy ies ibmwrI dy kItwxU pldy hox [

sUrjmuKI

bhwr ru`q dw smW sUrjmuKI dI &sl qoN XkInI Aqy v`D JwV leI sB qoN FukvW smiJAw
jWdw hY [ ies ru`q ivc Sihd dIAW m`KIAW dw vDyry igxqI ivc hoxw vDyry bIj bxn ivc
shweI huMdw hY [ G`t kolYstrol Aqy vDIAw kuAwiltI dw qyl hox kwrn ieh Kwx vwlw soiDAw
qyl Aqy bnspqI bxwaux leI bhuq FukvW hY [ ies dw qyl swbx Aqy hor keI cIjW iqAwr
krn ivc vriqAw jw skdw hY [ swl 2013-14 iv`c sUrjmuKI dI kwSq 10.7 hzwr hYktyAr
rkby iv`c kIqI geI ijs qoN 18.7 hzwr tn auqpwdn hoieAw jdik AOsq JwV 6.98 kuieMtl
pRqI eykV irhw [
jmIn : cMgy jl inkws vwlI drimAwnI jmIn sUrjmuKI dI kwSq leI sB qoN FukvIN hY[
klrwTIAW jmInW ies dI kwSq dy Xog nhIN [

64
 &sl c`kr : Jonw/m`kI-AwlU-sUrjmuKI, Jonw-qorIAw-sUrjmuKI, nrmw-sUrjmuKI, kmwd-
moFw kmwd-sUrjmuKI, swauxI dw cwrw-qorIAw-sUrjmuKI [ bwsmqI-sUrjmuKI dw &slI c`kr
bwsmqI-kxk nwloN vDyry lwhyvMd hY [
doglIAW iksmW
pI AYs AYc 1962 (2015) : ieh ie`k drimAwny kd vwlI (165 sY.mI.) doglI iksm
hY jo p`kx leI 99 idn lYNdI hY [ies dw AOsq JwV 8.2 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ies dy bIj
moty Aqy kwly rMg dy hn Aqy 100 bIjW dw Bwr 6.4 gRwm hY [ ies dy bIjW iv`c qyl dI mwqrw
41.9 pRqISq hY [
fI ky 3849 (2013) : ieh ie`k au~cI (172 sY.mI.) doglI iksm hY jo p`kx leI qkrIbn
102 idn lYNdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 8.4 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies dy bIjW iv`c qyl dI
mwqrw 34.5 pRqISq hY [
pI AYs AYc 996 (2012) : ieh ie`k G`t smyN iv`c p`kx vwlI drimAwnI au~cI (141
sY.mI.) doglI iksm hY [ ieh p`kx leI qkrIbn 96 idn lYNdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 7.8
kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies dy bIj moty Aqy kwly rMg dy hn Aqy 100 bIjW dw Bwr 6.8 gRwm
hY [ ies dy bIjW iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 35.8 pRqISq hY [ ieh iksm pCyqI ibjweI leI vI
FukvIN hY [
pI AYs AYc 569 (2008) : ieh iek G`t smyN iv`c p`kx vwlI drimAwnI au~cI (162
sY.mI.) doglI iksm hY [ ieh p`kx leI qkrIbn 98 idn lYNdI hY[ ies dw AOsq JwV 7.4
kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies dy bIj moty huMdy hn Aqy ies dy bIjW iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 36.3
pRqISq hY [ ieh iksm pCyqI ibjweI leI vI FukvIN hY [
pI AYs AY& AYc 118 (2002) : ieh iek G`t smyN ivc p`kx vwlI, drimAwnI au~cI
doglI iksm hY ijs dI AOsq aucweI 155 sY.mI. hY[ ieh p`kx leI lgBg 98 idn lYNdI hY[
ieh iksm pCyqI ibjweI leI bhuq FukvIN hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 7.6 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[
ies dy bIjW iv`c qyl dI mwqrw lgBg 40.5 pRqISq hY[
AYs AYc 3322 (1997) : ieh ie`k v`D smyN iv`c p`kx vwlI drimAwnI au~cI (160
sY.mI.) doglI iksm hY[ ieh p`kx leI 120 idn lYNdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 8.3 kuieMtl
pRqI eykV hY [ ies dy bIjW iv`c qyl dI mwqrw 43.0 pRqISq hY[
bIjIAW jWdIAW hor gYr is&wrSI iksmW
pweInIAr 64 ey 57 : pI ey XU ny ies iksm au~qy qjrby nhIN kIqy[
isnjYNtw 207 : pI ey XU ny ies iksm au~qy qjrby nhIN kIqy [
AYn AYs AY& AYc 36 : ieh ie`k au~cI, drimAwny smyN iv`c p`kx vwlI doglI iksm hY[
ies iv`c qyl dI mwqrw izAwdw hY prMqU ies iksm dy dwxy Coty hn [

kwSq dy FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM do iqMn vwrI vwhuxw Aqy hryk vwhI qoN ipCoN suhwgw Pyrnw jrUrI
hY [ ies qrHW Kyq cMgw iqAwr ho jWdw hY [

65
 ibjweI dw smW Aqy FMg : vDyrw JwV lYx leI Aqy pwxI dI b`cq krn leI sUrjmuKI dI
ibjweI jnvrI mhIny dy AKIr q`k kr lYxI cwhIdI hY [ jykr ibjweI PrvrI dy pihly h&qy
q`k krnI pY jwvy qW doglI iksm pI AYs AYc 569 nUM qrjIh dyxI cwhIdI hY [ jy ibjweI
krn iv`c ies qoN vI dyrI ho jwvy qW pnIrI rwhIN ibjweI krnI cwhIdI hY ikauNik ipCyqI
is`DI bIjweI krn nwl JwV kwPI G`t jWdw hY [ &rvrI dy dUjy pMdrHvwVy jW mwrc dy mhIny
iv`c is`DI ibjweI krn nwl jdoN q`k &sl iv`c prwgx ikirAw SurU huMdI hY, qwpmwn kw&I
izAwdw hox kwrn bIj G`t bxdy hn Aqy izAwdwqr bIj Poky rih jWdy hn[ pCyqI ibjweI
krn nwl ibmwrIAW Aqy kIiVAW dw hmlw vD jWdw hY [ bIj 4-5 sYNtImItr fUMGw bIjo [
kqwrW ivckwr &wslw 60 sYNtImItr Aqy bUty qoN bUty dw &wslw 30 sYNtImItr r`Ko [ ies dI
ibjweI vwsqy PwilAW vwly jW isAwVW vwlw irzr plWtr vI vriqAw jw skdw hY (vyKo KyqI
ieMjnIAirMg) jy zrUrq pvy qW bIj au~gx qoN do hPiqAW bwAd bUty ivrly kro AgyqI &sl
nUM jy pUrb-p`Cm idSw vwlIAw v`tW dy d`Kx vwly pwsy bIijAw jwvy qW v`D JwV pRwpq huMdw hY[
bIj nUM v`t dy isry qoN 6-8 sYNtImItr hyTW bIjo [ v`t qy bIjI &sl nUM ibjweI qoN 2-3 idnW
ipCoN pwxI idE[ iDAwn r`Ko ik pwxI dI sqHw bIjW qoN kwPI Q`ly rhy[ v`tW qy bIjI &sl FihMdI
nhIN Aqy v`D grmI dy mhIinAW iv`c pwxI dI b`cq iv`c vI shweI huMdI hY [
pnIrI rwhIN sUrjmuKI dI kwSq : jykr sUrjmuKI dI ibjweI &rvrI q`k pCyqI huMdI jwpy
qW ies dI kwSq pnIrI rwhIN kIqI jw skdI hY[ ies qrHW krn nwl bIj rwhIN bIjI &sl
dy mukwbly JwV v`D imldw hY Aqy &sl CyqI p`k jWdI hY [ pnIrI dI ibjweI leI 1.5 iklo
bIj pnIrI pu`t ky lwaux qoN iek mhIny pihlW cMgy iqAwr kIqy lgBg svw mrly (30 vrg
mItr pRqI eykV) dy ikAwry iv`c bIj idau [ ibjweI qoN pihlW zmIn iv`c A`Dw iklo XUrIAw
Aqy 1.5 iklo isMgl suprPwsPyt rlw lau[ bIj nUM glI sVI dysI rUVI dI pqlI ijhI qih
nwl F`k idau [ hlkw ijhw pwxI lwaux qoN ip`CoN pnIrI vwly ikAwry nUM pwrdrSI plwsitk
dI cwdr nwl sotIAW dw shwrw dy ky surMg vWg F`k idau [ jdoN bIj puMgr pYx Aqy bwhr Aw
jwx qW plwsitk dI cwdr nUM hOlI ijhI lwh idau [ pu`tx qoN pihlW pnIrI nMU pwxI lw idau[
jdoN pOdy dy cwr p`qy inkl Awaux qW pnIrI nUM 30 sYNtImItr dI iv`Q qy 60 sYNtImItr
dUrI dIAW kqwrW ivc lw ky pwxI lw idau[
rlvIN &sl bIjxw : mYNQy nUM sUrjmuKI iv`c rlvIN &sl vjoN kwmXwbI nwl augwieAw jw
skdw hY [ ies dy leI sUrjmuKI nUM 120 sYNtImItr 15 sYNtImItr dy &wsly qy au~qr d`Kx
idSw iv`c bIjo [ ies dIAW do lweInW ivckwr mYNQy dIAW do lweInW AKIr jnvrI iv`c
bIjo[ ies rlvIN &sl leI mYNQy dIAW 150 iklo pRqI eykV jVHW vrqo[ sUrjmuKI nUM is&wrS
kIqIAW KwdW qoN ielwvw 23 iklo nweItRojn (50 iklo XUrIAw), 12 iklo &ws&ors (75 iklo
supr&ws&yt) pRqI eykV pwE [ pUrI &ws&ors Aqy A`DI nweItRojn Kwd ibjweI vyly Aqy bwkI
dI A`DI nweItRojn ibjweI qoN 40 idnW ip`CoN pwE [
bIj dI mwqrw : do iklo bIj pRqI eykV vrqo [
bIj dI soD : ibjweI qoN pihlW bIj nUM QIrm nwl soD lau[ iek iklo bIj leI 2 gRwm
dvweI vrqo [
KwdW : 24 iklo nweItRojn (50 iklo XUrIAw) pRqI eykV ibjweI vyly vrqo [ hlkIAW
zmInW ivc 24 iklo nweItRojn (50 iklo XUrIAw) do ih`isAW iv`c pwau [ pihlw ibjweI smyN

66
Aqy dUsrw ih`sw ibjweI qoN 30 idnW ipCoN, 12 iklo PwsPors (75 iklo suprPwsPyt) pRqI
eykV ibjweI smyN fir`l kro [ jy im`tI dI prK muqwbk potwS dI kmI hY qW 12 iklo potwS
(20 iklo imaUryt AwP potwS) vI fir`l kr idE [ huiSAwrpur Aqy ShId Bgq isMG ngr
izilHAW iv`c 24 iklo potwS (40 iklo imaUryt Aw& potwS) dI vrqoN kro [ isMgl suprPwsPyt
nUM qrjIh idE ikauNik ies ivc slPr (gMDk) dw q`q vI huMdw hY [
jykr doglI sUrjmuKI dI &sl AwlUAW qoN ipCoN bIjI jwvy ijsnUM 20 tn rUVI pRqI eykV
pweI geI hovy qW sUrjmuKI nUM 12 iklo nweItRojn (25 iklo XUrIAw) pRqI eykV pwaux dI zrUrq
hY[ qorIey qoN bwAd bIjy sUrjmuKI qoN v`D JwV lYx leI sUrjmuKI nUM is&wrS KwdW dy nwl 10
tn/eykV glI sVI rUVI pwauxI jrUrI hY [
isMcweI : bhwr ru`q dI sUrjmuKI dI &sl nUM zmIn dI iksm, mINh Aqy mOsm dy muqwbk
6-9 isMcweIAW dI loV pYNdI hY [ p`DrI ibjweI leI pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN iek mhIny bwAd
Aqy AglIAW isMcweIAW 2 qoN 3 hPqy dy AMqr qy kro [ mwrc dy mhIny 2 hPiqAW dw vkPw
kr idE [ ApRYl-meI dy grm mhIinAW iv`c isMcweIAW 8-10 idnW dy vkPy qy kro [ &sl
k`tx qoN 12-14 idn pihlW pwxI dyxw bMd kr dyxw cwhIdw hY [ &sl nUM 50% Pu`l pYx smyN
dwixAW dy nrm Aqy sKq doDy smyN qy isMcweI Aiq zrUrI hY [ nrm doDy dwxy pYx vyly isMcweI
nw krn qy JwV iv`c 25% dw nukswn huMdw hY [ &sl dIAW bwkI AvsQwvW qy 21% dw nukswn
huMdw hY[ ienHW zrUrI AvsQwvW qy &sl nUM pwxI dI Gwt nhIN Awaux dyxI cwhIdI [
qupkw isMcweI ivDI nwl pwxI Aqy KwdW dI vrqoN : v`D JwV, pwxI Aqy KwdW dI bcq
(20%) leI ieh iek kwrgr isMcweI ivDI hY[ies ivDI iv`c sUrjmuKI nUM 60 sY.mI. iv`Q qy
bxweIAW v`tW au~pr buty qoN buty ivckwr 30 sY. mI. dw Pwslw r`K ky bIjo[ bIjweI qoN bwAd
hr ie`k v`t aup`r brIk pweIp (lytrl pweIp) ijs qy 30 sY.mI dI dUrI qy frIpr l`gy hox,
ivCwau[ibjweI qoN iek mhIny bwAd iqMn idnW dy vkPy qy pwxI lwau[jykr frIpr dI 2.2
lItr pwxI pRqI GMtw k`Fx dI sm`rQw hovy qW pwxI lwaux dw smW v`K-v`K mhInIAW iv`c hyT
ilKy Anuswr hY:
mhInw isMcweI dw smW (imMt)*
mwrc 35
ApRYl 75
meI 86
pr jy fir`pr dI pwxI k`Fx dI smr`Qw 2.2 lItr pRqI GMtw qoN v`KrI hovy qW pwxI lwaux
dw smW hyT ilKy PwrmUly Anuswr inrDwirq kro:
2.2 isMcweI dw smW (imMt)*
nvW smW =
fir`pr dI pwxI kFx dI smr`Qw (ifscwrj, lItr pRqI GMtw)
ies ivDI iv`c 8 iklogRwm XUrIAw Aqy 12 iklogRwm isMgl sUpr PwsPyt pRqI eykV bIjweI
vyly pwau[jy im`tI dI prK muqwbk potwS dI kmI hY qW 20 iklo imaUryt AwP potwS pRqI eykV
vI bIjweI vyly pw idau[hoiSAwrpur Aqy ShId Bgq isMG ngr ijilHAW iv`c 40iklo imaUryt
AwP potwS pRqI eykV dI vrqo kro[bIjweI qoN ie`k mhIny bwAd sUrU krky 32 iklo XUrIAw
67
Aqy 12 lItr ErQoPwsPoirk AYisf (88%) 5 brwbr ikSqW iv`c qupkw isMcweI rwhIN Agly
45 idnW q`k vrqo[
im`tI cVHwauxw : sUrjmuKI dy bUitAW nUM if`gx qoN bcwaux leI bUitAW dy nwl im`tI cVHwauxI
cwhIdI hY BwvyN &sl p`DrI jW v`tW qy bIjI hovy[ im`tI cVHwaux dw kMm Pu`l inklx qoN pihlW
jdoN &sl 60-70 sYNtImItr au~cI ho jwvy, krnw cwhIdw hY [
ndInW dI rokQwm : pihlI gofI ndIn au~gx qoN 2-3 hPqy ipCoN Aqy dUjI aus qoN 3 h&qy
ipCoN kro [ &sl 60-70 sYNtImItr au~cI hox qoN pihlW mSIn nwl vI gofI kIqI jw skdI hY[
phIey vwlI suDrI iqRPwlI nwl gofI ssqI pYNdI hY [ ndInW dI rokQwm, iek iltr stONp 30
qwkq (pYNfImYQwiln) nUM 150-200 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky pRqI eykV dy ihswb, ibjweI qoN
2-3 idnW q`k iCVkx nwl vI kIqI jw skdI hY [
ktweI Aqy ghweI : jdoN isrW dw rMg hyTly pwisauN pIlw BUrw ho jwvy Aqy ifsk su`kxI
SurU ho jwvy qW &sl k`tx leI iqAwr hY [ ies smyN bIj kwly l`gdy hn jo pUry p`ky huMdy hn[
ktweI kIqy isrW dI aus vyly sUrjmuKI dy QrYSr nwl ghweI kr lE [ jykr &sl su`kI hovy qW
sUrjmuKI dw QrYSr cMgy nqIjy idMdw hY [ ghweI qoN ipCoN Aqy stor iv`c r`Kx qoN pihlW bIjW
nUM cMgI qrHW sukwA lau nhIN qW ienHW nUM au~lI l`g skdI hY [
doglIAW iksmW dy bIj pYdw krnw :
hr swl doglIAW iksmW dw nvW bIj lYxw cwhIdw hY [ doglI iksm pI AYs AYyc 1962
dI mwdw lweIn sI AYm AYs 67 ey Aqy nr lweIn pI 93 Awr hn [ doglI iksm pI AYs
AYc 996 dI mwdw lweIn sI AYm AYs 11 ey Aqy nr lweIn pI 93 Awr hn [ doglI iksm
pI AYs AYc 569 dI mwdw lweIn sI AYm AYs 234 ey Aqy nr lweIn pI 69 Awr hn [ pI
AYs AYP AYc 118 iv`c mwdw sI AYm AYs 10 ey Aqy pI 61 Awr nr lweInW hn [ doglIAW
iksmW iv`c mwdw lweInW nUM ‘ey’ lweInW Aqy nr lweInW nUM ‘Awr’ lweInW vjoN iliKAw jWdw
hY[ doglw bIj pYdw krn leI mwdw Aqy nr lweInW nUM iek`Tw bIijAw jWdw hY pr ienHW dy nyVy
400 mItr q`k sUrjmuKI dI hor &sl nhIN hoxI cwhIdI [ aunWH KyqW iv`c bIj nUM pYdw krnw
cwhIdw hY ijnHW ivc pihly swl sUrjmuKI dI &sl nw bIjI hovy[ iek eykV dI QW leI mwdw
lweIn dw 1.5 iklo bIj Aqy nr lweIn dw 0.5 iklo bIj vrqxw cwhIdw hY [ mwdw Aqy nr
lweInW dI Anupwq 3:1 dI r`KxI cwhIdI hY (Bwv hr iqMn mwdw lweInW ipCoN iek lweIn nr
dI bIjxI cwhIdI hY) pr pihlIAW do lweInW dohW pwsy nr dIAW hoxIAW cwhIdIAW hn qW ik
poln (prwgkx) cMgI igxqI iv`c iml sky[ nr lweIn iek qoN v`D Pu`lW vwlI lweIn hY[ ies
iv`c mu`K Pu`l qoN ielwvw twhxIAW qy l`gy Pu`l lMby smyN q`k poln splweI krn iv`c shwiek
huMdy hn [ doglI iksm pI AYs AYc 1962 qoN v`D bIj auqpwdn leI nr lweIn pI 93 Awr
dI ibjweI mwdw lweIn sI AYym AYs 67 ey dI ibjweI qoN 4-5 idn pihlW kro [ jykr ‘ey’
Aqy ‘Awr’ lweInW iv`c Epry bUty hox qW ieh Pu`l Awaux qoN pihlW k`F dyxy cwhIdy hn[ ies
qrHW mwdw lweInW ivc jykr poln vwly bUty hox qW Pu`l Awaux smyN vyKidAW hI k`F dyxy cwhIdy
hn[ Epry bUitAW nUM k`Fx dw kMm audoN q`k jwrI r`Kxw cwhIdw hY jdoN q`k swry bUitAW nUM Pu`l
nw Aw jwx pr jykr kuJ bUitAW nUM Pu`l nw Awaux qW aunHW nUM vI pu`t ky bwhr k`F dyxw cwhIdw
hY [ prwgx dI ikirAw Aqy vDyry bIj bnx leI, KyqW iv`c Sihd dIAW m`KIAW dy C`qy r`Kxy

68
cwhIdy hn[ bIj dw JwV hor vDwaux leI prwgx ikirAw h`Q nwl vI kIqI jw skdI hY Aqy
hyT ilKy suDwr FMg Apnwauxy cwhIdy hn :
1. nr bUitAW qoN iksy su`ky plwsitk jW DWq dy f`by iv`c prwg kx iek`Ty krn leI bUitAW
nUM cMgI qrHW ihlwauxw cwhIdw hY [
2. prwg kx mwdw bUitAW dy Pu`lW qy mulwiem burS nwl cMgI qrHW lgwauxy cwhIdy hn [
nr lweInW pihlW k`txIAW cwhIdIAW hn Aqy ieh iKAwl r`Kxw cwhIdw hY ik koeI vI
bUtw nr lweIn dw Kyq iv`c nw rhy [ mwdw lweIn ‘ey’ qoN doglw bIj pYdw huMdw hY ijhVw ik
v`Krw v`F ky JwV lYxw cwhIdw hY [ bIj nUM cMgI qrHW sukw lYxw cwhIdw hY Aqy aus iv`c 9.0%
qoN v`D nmI nhIN hoxI cwhIdI [ bIj nUM nmI rihq QYilAW iv`c pw ky r`Kxw cwhIdw hY [ bIj
nUM p`ky storW iv`c ijhVy ik nmI rihq hox, r`Ko [ AijhIAW hwlqW iv`c bIj dI au~gx SkqI
10 mhIinAW q`k TIk rihMdI hY Aqy ies qoN bwAd bIj dI au~gx SkqI G`t jWdI hY [ ies
krky bhuqw purwxw bIj ibjweI leI nhIN vrqxw cwhIdw[ sUrjmuKI dw bIj &sl v`Fx qoN 45
idn ipCoN hI bIjxw cwhIdw hY, ikauNik 45 idn qoN pihlW r`iKAw bIj G`t augdw hY [ bIjx
qoN pihlW bIj dI au~gx SkqI jrUr vyK lYxI cwhIdI hY Aqy ibjweI leI auh bIj hI vrqxw
cwhIdw hY ijs dI au~gx SkqI 70% jW ies qoN v`D hovy [ dogly bIj dw JwV qkrIbn 250
iklo pRqI eykV ilAw jw skdw hY [
pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy
1. kt vrm (cor kIVw) : AwlUAW ipCoN bIjI &sl qy mwrc-ApRYl iv`c hmlw krdw hY [
ies dIAW suMfIAW Coty bUitAW nUM zmIn dy p`Dr qoN k`t idMdIAW hn [ ktvrm qoN bcwA leI
&sl nUM v`tW qy bIjo [ jykr &sl p`DrI bIjxI hovy qW 2 iltr frsbwn jW rfwr 20 qwkq
(klorpweIrI&ws) pRqI eykV dy ihswb ibjweI qoN pihlW pwE [ dvweI nUM 10 iklo brIk im`tI
iv`c rlw ky AKIrlI vhweI qoN ipCoN pr suhwgw mwrn qoN pihlW Kyq iv`c C`tw dy idau [
2. qMbwkU dI suMfI Aqy ibhwrI B`bU ku`qw : ieh ApRYl-meI iv`c kw&I hmlw krdy hn Aqy
p`qy Kw jWdy hn [ CotIAW suMfIAW JuMfW dI Skl ivc pOidAW nUM KWdIAW hn Aqy v`fIAW ho ky
swry Kyq ivc iK`lr jWdIAW hn qy iek Kyq qoN dUjy Kyq ivc clIAW jWdIAW hn [ JuMfW dI Skl
ivc ies kIVy nUM hmly vwly p`iqAW nUM qoV ky nSt krn nwl kwbU kIqw jw skdw hY [ v`fIAW
suMfIAW dI rokQwm leI 200 imlIiltr nUvwn/fweIvYNp/ivpoxw 85 AYs AYl (fweIklorvws) nUM
100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky pRqI eykV iCVko [ loV pvy qW do h&iqAW bwAd Pyr iCVkwA
kro [ ieh kIVymwr dvweIAW nwl kuMf mwr suMfI, qyly Aqy hor rs cUsx vwly kIiVAW (jy hox)
dI vI rokQwm ho jWdI hY [
3. isr dw gVUMAW jW AmrIkn suMfI : ieh sUrjmuKI dw Kqrnwk kIVw hY ieh Pu`l dy
nrm ih`sy Aqy bx rhy bIjW nUM Kw ky bhuq nukswn krdw hY [ iek iklo syivn 50 fblXU pI
(kwrbirl) jW 800 gRwm AYswtwP 75 AYs pI (AYsIPyt) jW iek iltr frsbwn 20 eI sI
(klorpweIrIPws) dw 100 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky pRqI eykV jdoN Pu`l inklxy SurU ho jwx,
iCVkwA kro [ loV pvy qW 2 hPiqAW bwAd iPr iCVkwA kro [ iCVkw svyry jW dyr Swm
nUM krnw cwhIdw hY [ ies smyN Kyq iv`c m`KIAW G`t huMdIAW hn [

69
A) ibmwrIAW
1. qxy dw glxw : ieh iek au~lI dw rog hY iesdy jIvwxU qxy dy hyTly ih`sy qy hmlw krdy
hn [ ies nwl swry bUty &ulW smyq ic`tI au~lI nwl F`ky jWdy hn [ ies au~lI dy kx, ijhVy
sUrjmuKI dy bIj ijfy huMdy hn, gly hoey qxy Aqy isrW ivc bhuq nzr AwauNdy hn [ hmlw hoey
ih`sy kwly ho jWdy hn Aqy Pt jWdy hn [ bIj nUM QIrm nwl soD ky bIjo [ iek iklo bIj ipCy
2 gRwm dvweI vrqo [
2. jVH dw glxw : muFlI AvsQw ivc ies dw hmlw huMdw hY Aqy Coty bUty mr jWdy hn[
bwAd ivcly hmly dI sUrq iv`c &sl k`cI hI p`k jWdI hY, Pu`l Coty rih jWdy hn, bIj pUrw
nhIN bxdw Aqy JwV kwPI G`t jWdw hY [ &sl nUM pwxI dI Gwt nw Awaux idE [
3. isr glxw : ies dy hmly dIAW inSwnIAW swry isr dy ih`isAW qy nzr AwaudIAW hn
ijhVIAW fMfI v`loN SurU huMdIAW hn [ BwrI hmly dI sUrq iv`c isr dw swhmxw pwsw pwt jWdw
hY Aqy bIj G`t pYNdy hn [ isr pUrw jW A`D-pc`Dw gl skdw hY [ hmlw hoey isrW ivc bIj
sukV jWdy hn ijs nwl JwV Aqy qyl dI mwqrw kw&I G`t jWdy hn [ ies dI rokQwm leI 250
gRwm ieMfoiPl AYm-45* nUM 100 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky iek eykV ivc jdoN &sl 60 idnW
dI ho jwvy, SurU krky 15-15 idn dy vkPy qy do iCVkw kro [
e) pMCI
cUihAW qy pMCIAW dI rokQwm (AiDAwie 13) hyT dyKo [

70
 4. kmwd
pMjwb iv`c swl 2013-14 dOrwn kmwd dI kwSq 89 hzwr hYktyAr BUmI iv`c kIqI geI[
gMny dw AOsq JwV 750 kuieMtl pRqI hYktyAr (300 kuieMtl pRqI eykV) irhw [ ies swl
ivc KMf dI pRwpqI 9.4 pRqISq sI [
kmwd dw vDyry JwV leI zrUrI nukqy
bIjV &sl
1. is&wrS kIqIAW iksmW dw bIj rogW qoN rihq Aqy ishqmMd bIj vwlI &sl ivcoN lY ky
bIjo [
2. bIj dI mwqrw is&wrS dy muqwbk hI pwE, qW jo &sl ivc pwVy nw rihx [
3. ijs Kyq ivc r`qw rog jW sokVy dI ibmwrI hovy auQy Agly swl gMnw nw bIjo [
4. pCyqI bIjI &sl jwV G`t mwrdI hY Aqy ies au~qy AgyqI Pot dw gVUMAW vI izAwdw hmlw
krdw hY [
5. ndIn nwSk dvweIAW dI vrqoN krky jW gofI Awid nwl &sl nUM ndInW qoN rihq r`Ko [
6. is&wrS nwloN izAwdw nweItRojn vwlI Kwd pwaux nwl &sl if`g jWdI hY [ ies nwl
iesdw JwV Aqy KMf dI mwqrw vI G`t jWdI hY [
7. grmIAW ivc &sl nUM sokw nw l`gx idE [
8. &sl nUM if`gx qoN bcwaux leI meI-jUn ivc lweInW dy nwl nwl im`tI cVHwE Aqy Agsq-
sqMbr dy mhIny ies dI bnHweI kro [
mUFI &sl
1. rogI &sl dw mUFw nw r`Ko [
2. ijs &sl dw mUFw r`Kxw hovy ausdI ktweI jnvrI dy AKIr qoN pihlW nw kro [
3. cMgw mUFw lYx leI ktweI zmIn dy nyiVEN kro [
4. ipClI &sl dy sUey jW pVsUeyN toky nwl k`t idE [
5. KorI bwhr k`F idE Aqy Kyq nUM pwxI lw idE [
6. trYktr dy itlr nwl gofI krky &sl nUM ndInW qoN sw& r`Ko, jW ndIn nwSk dvweIAW dI
vrqoN kro [
7. mwrc dy SurU ivc iqMn A`KW vwly broty KwlI QwvW ivc lgw idE[
8. mUFI &sl qy AgyqI Pot dy gVUMey Aqy kwly Ktml dw hmlw vDyry huMdw hY [ ies dI rokQwm
smyN isr kro [

71
KMf dI mwqrw vDwaux leI nukqy
1. iek hI iksm swry rkby ivc nw bIjo [ Agyqy, drimAwny Aqy pCyqy mOsm ivc p`kx
vwlIAW iksmW nUM 3:2:1 Anupwq ivc bIjo[
2. jdoN &sl p`kx vwlI hovy qW ies nUM izAwdw pwxI nw lwE, Aqy nweItRojn vwlI swrI Kwd
brswqW SurU hox qoN pihlW-pihlW pw idE[
3. &sl nUM if`gx qoN bcwaux leI lweInW dy nwl im`tI cVHwE Aqy smyN isr bnHweI kro [
4. kIVy-mkOVy Aqy ibmwrIAW dI rokQwm smyN isr kro [
5. srdIAW ivc &sl nUM kory qoN bcwaux leI pwxI idE [
6. jdoN &sl pUrI qrHW p`k jwvy audoN hI ktweI kro [ mUFI &sl bIjV &sl nwloN pihlW p`k
jWdI hY [
7. ktweI smyN KorI, im`tI, jVHW jW k`cIAW gu`lIAW lwh idE [
8. im`lH qy Byjx vwly gMny dI bnHweI G`to-G`t KorI nwl kro [
jlvwXU :
gMny leI grm jlvwXU bhuq FukvW hY pr ies dI kwSq G`t grm ielwky ivc vI kIqI
jw skdI hY [ pMjwb ivc gMny dI &sl dw qkrIbn 80 pRqISq vwDw mOnsUn dy mhIinAW
julweI, Agsq Aqy sqMbr ivc hI huMdw hY, jdoN ik &sl leI qwpmwn Aqy nmI bhuq FukvIN
huMdI hY[
zmIn :
kmwd dI &sl hlkI Bl vwlI qy cIkxI Bl vwlI zmIn ivc ho skdI hY [ iPr vI cMgy
jl inkws qy B`l vwlI zmIn ies leI bhuq FukvIN hY [ gMny dI &sl Kwry Aqy lUxypx pRqI
ArD sihxSIl hY [ KwrIAW Aqy lUxIAW zmInW/Kwry Aqy lUxy pwxIAW hyT zmInW dIAW hwlqW
iv`c, gMny Aqy KMf dw shI JwV lYx leI hyT ilKy qrIky vrqo:
1. jykr zmIn KwrI hY jW isMcweI vwlw pwxI Kwrw hY, qW ijpsm (50 pRqISq loVINdy ijpsm
dI mwqrw qy ADwirq) pwE jW iPr gohy kUVy dI rUVI, 8 tn pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl vrqo[
ijpsm Aqy rUVI, dohW dw nwl nwl pRXog krn qy hor vI v`D JwV pRwpq huMdw hY [
2. jykr zmIn lUxI jW KwrI lUxI hY jW/isMcweI vwlw pwxI lUxw jW Kwrw lUxw hY qW isrP rUVI
dw hI pRXog kro Aqy ijpsm iblkul nw vrqo [
3. pMjwb dy d`KxI-p`CmI izilHAW ivc isMcweI vwlw pwxI lUxw hY qW isr& kmwd dI iksm
sI E jy-88 hI bIjo [
a) bsMq ru`q dw kmwd
&sl c`kr
Jonw (QoVy smyN ’c p`kx vwlw) - hwVHI dw cwrw/AwlU-kmwd-pihly swl mUFw-dUjy swl
mUFw-kxk [
Jonw/swauxI dw cwrw-qorIAw/rwieAw-kmwd-pihly swl mUFw-dUjy swl mUFw-kxk [
72
 m`kI/kpwh-syNjI-kmwd-pihly swl mUFw-dUjy swl mUFw-kxk [
Arhr-jvI/syNjI/kmwd-pihly swl mUFw-dUjy swl mUFw-kxk [
au~nq iksmW
1. AgyqIAW p`kx vwlIAW iksmW
sI E 118 (2015) : ies iksm dy gMny moty Aqy jwmxI rMg dy huMdy hn Aqy bUJw drimAwnw
mwrdI hY [ ies dy rs iv`c nvMbr mhIny im`Ty dI mwqrw 16 pRqISq Aqy dsMbr mhIny 17
pRqISq huMdI hY[ ieh iksm korw shwr skdI hY Aqy r`qw rog dy pRc`lq AweIsolyts dw twkrw
krn dI vI SkqI r`KdI hY [ ies dw mUFw cMgw huMdw hY Aqy guV bhuq cMgw bxdw hY [ ies
iksm dw AOsqn JwV 322 kuieMtl pRqI eykV AwauNdw hY[
sI E jy 85 (2000) : ies iksm dy gMny drimAwny k`d Aqy moty* hry rMg dy huMdy hn
Aqy bUJw drimAwnw mwrdI hY [ ies iksm dI au~gx SkqI cMgI hY [ gMny Bwry Aqy bUJy dI
bxqr KulHI hox krky ies dI &sl nUM if`gx qoN bcwaux leI id`qIAW is&wrSW qy Aml krnw
cwhIdw hY[ ieh iksm kory nUM shwr skdI hY Aqy mUFw drimAwnw huMdw hY [ ieh iksm r`qw
rog dy pRcilq Awiesolyts nUM kuJ h`d q`k twkrw krn dI SkqI r`KdI hY [ ies iksm nUM
lwl DwrIAW dw rog l`g jWdw hY[ ies dy rs iv`c nvMbr mhIny iv`c im`Ty dI mwqrw 16-17
pRqISq Aqy dsMbr mhIny iv`c 18.0-18.5 pRqISq huMdI hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 306 kuieMtl
pRqI eykV AwauNdw hY [
sI E jy 64 (1975) : ies iksm dw jMm cMgw Aqy bUJw kw&I sMGxw huMdw hY[ ies dy gMny
drimAwny moty Aqy Tos huMdy hn Aqy vyKx nUM hry pIly l`gdy hn [ ies ivc nvMbr mhIny, im`Ty
dI mwqrw 16 qoN 17 pRqISq huMdI hY, qoN pIVn leI nvMbr dy pihly hPqy iqAwr ho jWdI hY [
ies iksm nUM gVUMAW l`g jWdw hY[ ieh iksm r`qw-rog dw twkrw krn dy smr`Q nhIN rhI[
ies dw guV bhuq cMgw bxdw hY[ ieh iksm AOsqn 300 kuieMtl pRqI eykV JwV idMdI hY[
2. drimAwnIAW p`kx vwlIAW iksmW
sI E 238 (2015) : ies iksm dy gMny lMby, drimAwny moty Aqy pIlI hrI BwA mwrdy
hn[ jnvrI mhIny ies dy rs iv`c im`Ty dI mwqrw 17 pRqISq huMdI hY [ ies iksm aupr Awg
dy gVUMey dw hmlw ho jWdw hY [ ieh iksm r`qw rog dy pRc`lq AweIsolyts dw twkrw krn dI
smr`Qw r`KdI hY [ ies dw mUFw cMgw huMdw hY Aqy guV vI cMgw bxdw hY [ ies iksm dw AOsqn
JwV 365 kuieMtl pRqI eykV AwauNdw hY [
sI E pI bI 91 (2014) : ies iksm dy gMny lMby, moty Aqy pIly hry rMg dy huMdy hn [
iesdy rs iv`c im`Ty dI mwqrw jnvrI dy mhIny 17 pRqISq huMdI hY [ ieh iksm r`qw rog dy
pRc`lq pYQotweIps dw twkrw krn dI smr`Qw r`KdI hY [ iesdw mUFw vI cMgw huMdw hY [ ies
iksm dw AOsq JwV 410 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
sI E jy 88 (2002) : ies iksm dy gMny lMmy, drimAwny moty Aqy swvy hry rMg dy huMdy hn[
ies dy rs ivc dsMbr mhIny im`Ty dI mwqrw 17-18 pRqISq huMdI hY Aqy ieh iksm dUjIAW
drimAwnIAW iksmW nwloN AgyqI p`kdI hY Aqy lUxy pwxI vwlIAW hwlqW leI vI Fu`kvIN hY [
ieh r`qw rog dy pRcilq AweIsolyts dw twkrw krn dI smrQw r`KdI hY[ ies iksm dw mUFw

73
vI bhuq cMgw huMdw hY [ ies dw guV bhuq cMgw bxdw hY [ ikswnW dy KyqW ivc ies dw AOsqn
JwV 337 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
sI E AYs 8436 (2000) : ies iksm drimAwny k`d dI hY Aqy ies dy gMny moty Aqy Tos
huMdy hn [ gMny pIly Aqy hrI BwA mwrdy hn Aqy if`gdy nhIN [ ies iksm dI au~gx SkqI
cMgI hY [ ieh iksm r`qw rog dw twkrw krn dI au~qm SkqI r`KdI hY [ jnvrI mhIny iv`c
ies dy rs iv`c im~Ty dI mwqrw 17-18 pRqISq huMdI hY [ ieh iksm BwrI zmIn Aqy isMcweI
nUM izAwdw sMvydnSIl hY [ ies dw AOsq JwV 307 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
3. pCyqIAW p`kx vwlIAW iksmW
sI E jy 89 (2004): ieh iksm pCyqI ibjweI leI sB qoN Fu`kvIN hY [ ies iksm dy
gMny lMby, drimAwny moty Aqy hry swvy rMg dy huMdy hn [ ies dw mUFw bhuq cMgw huMdw hY [ ies
dy rs ivc PrvrI dy mhIny im`Ty dI mwqrw 17-18 pRqISq huMdI hY Aqy ies dw guV vI cMgw
bxdw hY[ ieh r`qw rog dy pRcilq Awiesolyts dw twkrw krn dI smr`Qw r`KdI hY[ ieh
iksm FihMdI nhIN [ ies dI KorI sOKI lih jWdI hY[ ieh iksm kory nUM vI shwrdI hY [ KMf
im`lHW iv`c ibjlI auqpwdn vwsqy vI ieh iksm lwBdwiek hY [ ies iksm dw AOsqn JwV
326 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY[

bIj vwlI &sl pYdw krn leI is&wrSW

kmwd dw rog rihq bIj iqAwr krn leI bhuq zrUrI hY ik kmwd dI v`KrI &sl hI bIj
vwly gMny pYdw krn leI bIjI jwvy [ ieh koeI isAwxp vwlI g`l nhIN ik vycx vwlI &sl
ivcoN hI bIj ilAw jwvy, ikauNik AijhI &sl iv`c kIVy mkOVy Aqy ibmwrIAW AxgihlI krky
rih jWdy hn [ ies qoN ielwvw bIj itSU klcr ivDI rwhIN iqAwr kIqw jw skdw hY [ bUitAW
iv`c 60 sYNtImItr Aqy lweInW iv`c 90 sYNtImItr dw &wslw r`Ko [ bUty lwaux qoN qurMq bwAd
Kyq nUM pwxI lwE [ itSU klcr pOidAW qoN iqAwr kIqI &sl nUM bIj dI &sl iqAwr krn
leI hI vrqo [ ies &sl nUM bIjx leI iqMn A`KW vwly broty krky rvwieqI FMg nwl ibjweI
kro[ bIj vwlI &sl leI A`gy id`qIAW is&wrSW kIqIAW jWdIAW hn [
1. bIj leI gMny aus &sl qoN lE ijs &sl dw bIj grm is`lHI hvw nwl soD ky bIijAw
igAw hovy [ ies qrHW dw soiDAw hoieAw bIj Koj kyNdrW qy bIijAw jWdw hY Aqy ies
qoN pYdw hoey bIj nUM KMf im`lHW dy &wrmW Aqy cuxy hoey gMnw auqpwdkW dy KyqW iv`c bIj ky
vDwieAw jWdw hY [ ieh bIj ikswnW nUM bIj vwlI &sl pYdw krn leI id`qw jWdw hY [
2. &sl mwrc dy AwKrI h&qy iv`c bIjo [
3. ies &sl leI 90 iklo nweItRojn q`q vrqo, ijQy dUsrI &sl leI 60 iklo nweItRojn hI
kw&I hY [ ieh nweItRojn dw q`q iqMn ih`sy krky pwE [ pihlw ih`sw ibjweI smyN, dUsrw
ih`sw meI iv`c Aqy qIsrw ih`sw A`D julweI ivc pwE [ vDyry nweItRojn pwaux nwl bIj
vwly gMny G`t p`ky Aqy cMgy imldy hn [
4. pOd sur`iKAw dIAW is&wrSW au~qy pUrI qrHW Aml kro qW ik &sl kIVy Aqy ibmwrIAW qoN
bcI rhy [
5. dsMbr jnvrI dy mhIny pwxI dy ky &sl nUM kory qoN bcwE [ kory dy Asr nwl &sl dw jMm
mwVw rihMdw hY [
74
kwSq dy FMg
fUMGI vhweI (sb swieilMg) : gMny leI Kyq iqAwr krn qoN pihlW iqMn cwr swlW bwAd
ie`k mItr dI dUrI qy do qr&w fUMGI vhweI krnI cwhIdI hY [ ieh fMUGI vhweI trYktr nwl
c`lx vwly sb swielr nUM 45-50 sYNtImItr fUMGw clwaux nwl kIqI jWdI hY [ sb swielr
clwaux qoN bwAd im`tI dy FyilAW nUM suhwgw mwr ky qoV dyxw cwhIdw hY Aqy aus qoN bwAd
Awm vWg Kyq dI iqAwrI krnI cwhIdI hY [ ies qrHW fUMGw vwhux nwl zmIn hyTW bxI sKq
qih tu`t jWdI hY [ pwxI dI jIrn SkqI vDdI hY Aqy gMny dIAW jVHW nUM fUMGw jwx iv`c mdd
imldI hY [
zmIn dI iqAwrI : cwr qoN Cy vwrI vwhux nwl zmIn cMgI brIk iqAwr ho jwvygI [ ieh
zrUrI hY ik hr vwhI ipCoN suhwgw PyirAw jwvy[
pihlI vwhI aultwvyN hl nwl kro [ jykr kmwd cwry vwlI syNjI dI &sl qoN bwAd bIjxw
hovy qW iPr 3-4 vwr vwhuxw kw&I hY [
bIj dI cox : ibjweI leI gMny dw auprlw do iqhweI nroAw ih`sw hI vrqo ijhVw kIVy
Aqy ibmwrIAW dw iSkwr nw hoieAw hovy [ bIj ^ws krky r`qy rog, CotIAW porIAW dy rog Aqy
kWigAwrI qoN bicAw hovy[ kory dy Asr vwly gMny iblkul nw vrqo [
bIj dI mwqrw : iek eykV kmwd bIjx leI iqMn A`KW vwlIAW 20 hzwr gu`lIAW jW cwr
A`KW vwlIAW 15 hzwr gu`lIAW jW 5 A`KW vwlIAW 12 hzwr gu`lIAW kw&I hn [ brwnI KyqI
leI lMmIAW gu`lIAW vDyry cMgIAW rihMdIAW hn [ dUsry SbdW iv`c iek eykV dI ibjweI leI
kmwd dI iksm Anuswr 30 qoN 35 kuieMtl bIj dI zrUrq hY[
not : sI E 118 Aqy sI E jy 85 iksm ivc qol Anuswr 10% bIj v`D l`gdw hY[
bIj dI soD : &sl dy jMm nUM cMgyrw krn leI kmwd dy bIj nUM 0.25% AYmIswn 6 jW
bYgwlol 6 jW itlt 25 eI sI dy Gol ivc bIjx qoN pihlW fob lE [ Gol bxwaux leI 250
gRwm AYmIswn 6 jW bYgwlol 6 jW 250 imlIiltr itlt 25 eI sI dw 100 iltr pwxI ivc
bixAw Gol iek eykV dIAW gu`lIAW leI kwPI hY [ gu`lIAW nUM Gol ivc fobx ipCoN ausy vyly
bwhr k`F lE jW gu`lIAW nUM bIjx qoN pihlW 24 GMty pwxI ivc fob lE [
kIVymwr dvweIAW dI zmIn iv`c vrqo : au~g rhI &sl nUM isauNk qoN bcwaux leI Aqy
nweItRojn vwlI Kwd qoN vDyry lwB lYx leI do iltr ilMfyn/kYnofwn/mwrkfyn/gwmYks 20 eI
sI (gwmw bI AYc sI) 500 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky PuAwry nwl isAwVW iv`c peIAW gu`lIAW
aupr iCVko jW 7.5 iklo syvIfol 4:4 jI (gwmw bI AYc sI+kwrbirl) jW 10 iklo rIjYNt
0.3 jI (iPproinl) pRqI eykV dI vrqoN kro Aqy bwAd iv`c suhwgw Pyr ky gulIAW nUM F`k
idE[ rIjYNt/mOrtYl 0.3 jI (iPproinl) dI vrqoN &sl nUM AgyqI Pot dy gVUMeyN qoN vI bcwauNdI
hY jW &sl dw jMm pUrw hox qoN bwAd (ibjweI qoN 45 idnW ipCoN) 10 iklo rIjYNt/mOrtYl 0.3
jI (iPproinl) jW 10 iklo pdwn/kYlfwn/krItwp 4 jI dy kYpsUlW nUM 20 iklo im`tI/ryqw
iv`c imlw ky jW 150 imlIiltr korwjn 18.5 AYs sI (klorntrYnIlIprol)* (AwrjI) jW
45 imlIiltr ieimfwgolf 17.8 AYs AYl (ieimfwklopirf) jW 2 iltr frmt/klwisk/
frsbwn/mwrkpweIrIPws 20 eI sI (klorpweIrIPws) nUM 400 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky PuAwry
nwl gMny dIAW kqwrW dy nwl pwau Aqy hlkI im`tI cVHw ky pqlw pwxI idE [ ienHW dvweIAW
dI vrqoN nwl &sl nUM isauNk Aqy AgyqI Pot dy gVUMeyN dy hmly qoN bcwieAw jw skdw hY[
75
 ibjweI dw smW : pMjwb ivc kmwd dI ibjweI dw sB qoN cMgw smW A`D &rvrI qoN AKIr
mwrc q`k hY [ AgyqIAW p`kx vwlIAW iksmW nUM mwrc qoN ipCoN nw bIjo [
ijMnw ho sky pCyqI ibjweI qoN sMkoc kro [ jykr ipCyqI ibjweI krnI hI pvy qW hyT d`sy
q`Q iDAwn ivc r`Ko [
1. sI E jy 89 iksm bIjo [
2. bIj izAwdw vrqo, iek eykV leI iqMn A`KW vwlIAW 30 hzwr gu`lIAW vrqo [
3. bIj nUM AYgwlOl/AYrItwn/AYmIswn/bYgwlOl nwl soD lE [
4. AgyqI Pot dy gVUMey dI rokQwm pUrI qrHW kro ikauNik ies dw hmlw pCyqI &sl qy izAwdw
huMdw hY [
ibjweI dw FMg Aqy &wslw : KwlIAW pu`t ky kmwd lwaux smyN KwLIAW ivckwr &wslw 75
sYNtImItr r`Ko Aqy ipCoN suhwgw mwr idE[ trYktr nwl c`lx vwlI kmwd bIjx vwlI mSIn
(vyKo AMiqkw 3) dI vrqoN vI kIqI jw skdI hY [ ies FMg nwl &sl nUM if`gx qoN bcwieAw jw
skdw hY [ KwlIAW 20-25 sYNtImItr fUMGIAW pu`to [ ieh FMg vrqdy smyN gu`lIAW KwlIAW ivc
zmIn nwl lw ky r`Ko Aqy gu`lIAW nUM 5 sYNtImItr im`tI dI qih nwl F`k idE Aqy bwAd ivc
ausy vyly pwxI lw idE[ iek hor pwxI 4-5 idnW bwAd lwau [ KwlIAW trYktr nwl c`lx
vwly irjr nwl k`FIAW jw skdIAW hn [
gMnw bIjx vwsqy do kqwrW vwlw SUgrkyn ktr plWtr vrqo [ ies ivc sIt qy bYTy do
AwdmI sbUqy gMny mSIn ivc pwauNdy hn Aqy mSIn Awpxy Awp gulIAW v`F ky isAwVW ivc
pwauNdI hY [ nwl dI nwl ieh mSIn, KwdW Aqy dvweIAW vI pwauNdI hY [ ies FMg nwl ibjweI
leI 32-35 kuieMtl pRqI eykV bIj dI loV pYNdI hY [ ieh mSIn 23 qoN 42 sYNtImItr lMmIAW
gu`lIAW bxwauNdI hY Aqy ieh 1.2 qoN 1.9 iklomItr pRqI GMtw dI spIf qy clweI jWdI hY [
ies dw nbyVw 2 qoN 3 eykV pRqI idn hY Aqy ies dy nwl 2.5 eykV vwsqy 33 AwdmI-GMty
l`gdy hn[ ieh dUijAW qrIikAW dy mukwbly 25 pRqISq mzdUrI dI b`cq krdI hY [ ies dI
izAwdw vrqoN vwsqy ies mSIn nUM ikrwey qy clwaux dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [
do kqwrI KwlI ivDI pwxI dI b`cq leI vrqo [ gMny dI ibjweI do kqwrW iv`c ie`k Pu`t
cOVI Aqy 20-25 sYNtImItr fUMGIAW KwLIAW iv`c kro[ gMny dI gu`lIAW KwLI iv`c r`Ko Aqy do
lweInW dy ivckwrlI im`tI nwl F`k idau [ do KwLIAW ivckwr &wslw iqMn Pu`t hoxw cwhIdw
hY[ ieh KwLIAW XUnIvristI v`lNo iqAwr kIqIAW KwLIAW bxwaux vwlI mSIn nwl bxweIAW
jw skdIAW hn jo trYktr nwl c`ldI hY[ ies qrIky nwl gMny dw JwV vI vDdw hY Aqy bnHweI
vI sOKI huMdI hY[
gMny dI ibjweI v`tW au~pr KVHI kxk jo ik kxk bIjx vwly bY~f plWtr nwl bIjI geI
hovy, iv`c vI kIqI jw skdI hY [ jykr isAwVW ivc im`tI BrI hovy qW jnvrI mhIny ivc
isAwVW nUM TIk kr ilAw jwvy [ ibjweI qoN ie`k idn pihlW Swm vyly KwlHW nUM pwxI lgw ilAw
jwvy[ Agly idn lwl dvweI nwl soDy hoey iqMnW A`KW vwly broty isAwVW ivc r`K ky dbwA id`qy
jwx[ ies ibjweI dw au~qm smW A`D &rvrI qoN A^Ir mwrc q`k dw hY [
AMqr &slW (grmI ru`q dI mUMgI, grmI ru`q dy mWh Aqy jwpwnI pudInw) :
gMny dIAW do lweInW iv`c grmIAW dI ru`q dI mUMgI jW mWh dI ie`k ie`k lweIn bIj ky
76
ienHW &slW dw 1.5 qoN 2.0 kuieMtl pRqI eykV vwDU JwV ilAw jw skdw hY [ ienHW &slW dI
ibjweI nwl gMny dy JwV qy koeI Asr nhIN huMdw sgoN zmIn dI aupjwaU SkqI vDdI hY [
is&wrS grmI ru`q dI mUMgI grmI ru`q dy mWh
iksmW is&wrS kIqIAW iksmW is&wrS kIqIAW iksmW
bIj pRqI eykV 4 iklo 5.0 iklo
ibjweI dw smW 20 mwrc qoN 10 ApRYl 15 mwrc qoN 7 ApRYl

jwpwnI pudIny nUM vI ie`k AMqr &sl dy qOr qy bIijAw jw skdw hY [ gMny dIAW do lweInW
ivc iek lweIn jwpwnI pudIny dI bIjo [ gMny Aqy jwpwnI pudIny dI bIjweI ieko smyN &rvrI
dy pihly pMdrHvwVy ivc hI krnI cwhIdI hY [ iek eykV dI bIjweI leI jwpwnI pudIny dIAW
ie`k kuieMtl jVHW cwhIdIAW hn [ gMny dI &sl leI is&wrS kIqIAW KwdW qoN ielwvw jwpwnI
pudIny dI &sl nUM 18 iklo nweItRojn (39 iklo XUrIAw) Aqy 10 iklo &ws&ors (62 iklo isMgl
suprPwsPyt) pRqI eykV pwau [ A`DI nweItRojn Aqy pUrI &ws&ors ibjweI vyly pwau Aqy bwkI
dI nweItRojn ibjweI qoN 40 idnW bwAd pwau [ jwpwnI pudIny dI iek hI ktweI lYxI cwhIdI
hY [
KwdW
&sl *q`q (iklo pRqI eykV) KwdW (iklo pRqI eykV)
** nweItRojn PwsPors XUrIAw isMgl suprPwsPyt
bIjV &sl 60 im`tI prK 130 im`tI prK
mUFI &sl 90 ADwr qy 195 AwDwr qy
* ieh q`q mMfI iv`c imldIAW hor KwdW qoN vI pRwpq kIqy jw skdy hn (dyKo AMiqkw 4[ jykr im`tI
prK Anuswr PwsPors q`q dI Gwt hovy qW 12 iklo PwsPors pRqI eykV pwau[
** jykr gMnw AwlUAW qoN bwAd bIijAw jwvy qW nweItRojn q`q dI mwqrw 60 iklo dI QW 45 iklo pwE
[
not : pMjwb ivc kmwd dI &sl nUM potwS q`q dI loV nhIN [
im`tI prK dy AwDwr qy KwdW dI vrqoN vwsqy “im`tI prK” AiDAwie vyKo [

ibjweI qoN 15 idn pihlW 8 tn rUVI dI Kwd jW pRYs m`f pRqI eykV dy ihswb pwau Aqy
ies nUM im`tI ivc imlw idau [ KweIAW ivc ibjweI leI pRYs m`f nUM KweIAW ivc pwau Aqy ies
nUM ksOly nwl im`tI ivc rlw idE [ jy rUVI jW pRYs m`f dI vrqoN kIqI geI hovy qW nweItRojn
Kwd dI mwqrw 20 iklo pRqI eykV q`k Gtw idE [ jykr is&wrS kIqI hoeI nweItRojn q`q vwlI
Kwd dy nwl nwl gohy-kUVy dI rUVI dw pRXog vI kIqw jwvy qW JwV ivc 10 pRqISq dw AOsqn
vwDw huMdw hY[ ryqlIAW zmInW ivc nweItRojn Kwd, pwxI ipCoN v`qr zmIn ivc QoVHI QoVHI krky
keI vwr pwauxI cwhIdI hY [ AzotobYktr (jIvwxUM Kwd)/knsoriSAm 4 iklo pRqI eykV ibjweI
smyN ^wLIAW iv`c pwaux nwl gMny dy JwV iv`c vwDw huMdw hY [ ieh Kwd pMjwb AYgrIklcrl
XUnIvristI dy mweIkRobwieAwlojI ivBwg qoN imldI hY [

77
 hlkIAW zmInW ivc kmwd dI &sl au~pr lohy dI Gwt vI vyKx ivc AweI hY [ ies dIAW
inSwnIAW pihlW nvyN p`iqAW qy AwauNdIAW hn[ p`qy dIAW hrIAW nwVIAW dy ivckwr pIly rMg
dIAW DwrIAW pY jWdIAW hn Aqy bwAd ivc nwVIAW vI pIlIAW pY jWdIAW hn [ lohy dI bhuqI
Gwt smyN p`qy sPYd rMg dy ho jWdy hn Aqy bUtw Cotw rihMdw hY [ jdoN vI ieh inSwnIAW nzr
Awaux aus vyly PYrs slPyt dw iek pRqISq Gol (iek iklo PYrs slPyt 100 iltr pwxI
ivc) h&qy h&qy dI iv`Q qy do-iqMn vwr iCVko [
KwdW pwaux dw FMg
1. bIjV &sl : nweItRojn Kwd dw A`Dw ih`sw kmwd jMmx qoN bwAd pihly pwxI nwl
lweInW dy nwl kyrw kro jW fir`l kr idau[ bwkI dI A`DI Kwd iesy qrIky nwl meI-jUn ivc
fir`l kr idau [ Kwd C`ty dI bjwey jy firl nwl pweI jwvy qW vDyry JwV imldw hY [ &ws&ors
vwlI Kwd (im`tI prK Anuswr) isAwVW ivc gu`lIAW dy hyTW pwau [
2. mUFI &sl : mUFI &sl nUM &rvrI ivc pihlI gofI jW vwhI smyN nweItRojn Kwd dw qIjw
ih`sw C`ty nwl pwau [ qIsrw ih`sw Pyr ApRYl ivc Aqy bwkI rihMdw qIsrw ih`sw meI ivc pwE[
jykr im`tI prK dy AwDwr qy &ws&ors vwlI Kwd pwauxI hovy qW &rvrI ivc vwhI smyN kmwd
dIAW kqwrW dy nyVy fir`l kr idE [
3. brwnI KyqI leI : jykr ibjweI smyN v`qr kwPI hovy qW A`DI nweItRojn Kwd ibjweI smyN
pw idE [ jykr ies smyN v`qr KuSk hovy qW swrI nweItRojn mOnsUn SurU hox qy pwE [
ndInW dw nwS krnw : ndInW qy kwbU pwaux leI do qoN iqMn gofIAW kwPI hn [ ssqI gofI
krn leI bldW nwl c`lx vwlw hl jW iqRPwlI jW trYktr nwl c`lx vwlw it`lr vI vriqAw
jw skdw hY [ jdoN kmwd pUrw au~g pvy qW kmwd dIAW kqwrW ivckwr su`ky Gwh PUs dI qih
ivCwaux nwl ndInW au~pr kwbU pwieAw jw skdw hY [ ieh FMg Kws krky brwnI hwlqW ivc
bhuq lwhyvMd hY ikauNik ies nwl zmIn ivc is`lH vI sWBI rihMdI hY [
rswiexk dvweIAW rwhIN ndInW dI rokQwm : ndInnwSk dvweIAW rwhIN ndInW dI rokQwm
kwPI ssqI rihMdI hY [ ibjweI qoN do iqMn idnW dy AMdr-AMdr 800 gRwm tYPwzIn 50 GulxSIl
(ismwzIn) jW AYtrwtwP 50 fblXU pI jW sYlwro 50 GulxSIl jW mwstw& 50 fblXU pI
jW mwrkwzIn 50 fblXU pI (AYtrwzIn) jW kwrmYks 80 GulxSIl jW klws 80 GulxSIl
(fweIXUron) jW sYnkor 70 fbLXU pI (mYtrIibaUizn) 225 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky pRqI eykV
dy ihswb iCVkx nwl cOVy p`iqAW vwly ndIn Aqy mOsmI ndIn Kqm ho jWdy hn[ s^q ndIn
ijvyN ik bWs p`qw dI rokQwm leI sYnkor 70 fblXU pI (mYtrIibaUizn)/kwrmYks 80 fblXU
pI (fweIXUron)/klws 80 fblXU pI hI vrqo [ ijnHW KyqW ivc fIlw bhuq huMdw hovy auQy KVHI
&sl ivc 800 gRwm 2,4-fI (sofIAm swlt 80%) pRqI eykV dy ihswb 225 iltr pwxI ivc
Gol ky iCVkx nwl ies ndIn qy kwbU pwieAw jw skdw hY [ ijnHW KyqW iv`c lpytw vyl Aqy
hor cOVy p`qy vwly ndIn hox qW 2,4-fI sofIAm swlt 80% 800 gRwm jW 2,4-fI AmweIn
swlt 58% 400 im.il. pRqI eykV ienHW ndInW dy 3-5 p`iqAW dI hwlq iv`c iCVkwA krky
kwbU kIqw jw skdw hY [
bhwr ru`q iv`c bIjy gMny iv`c, grmI ru`q dI mUMgI jW grmI ru`q dy mWh dI ibjweI qoN do
idn dy AMdr ndIn au~gx qoN pihlW stOp 30 eI sI (pYNfImYQwiln) ie`k iltr pRqI eykV dy

78
ihswb nwl 225 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky iCVkwA krn nwl ndInW dI rokQwm dI is&wrS
kIqI geI hY [
isMcweI Aqy jl inkws : grm Aqy KuSk mOsm krky ApRYl qoN jUn vwlw smW kmwd dy
vwDy leI bhuq nwzuk smW hY [ ies smyN &sl nUM 7-12 idnW dy vk&y AMdr loV muqwbk pwxI
dyNdy rho [ bwrSW dy idnW ivc jykr Kyq ivc bwrSW nwl bhuqw pwxI KVHw ho jwvy qW aus nUM
bwhr k`F idE [ srdIAW ivc (nvMbr-jnvrI) kmwd nUM pwxI iek mhIny dy vk&y qy lwE[
&sl nUM kory qoN bcwaux leI iek pwxI dsMbr dy A`D ivc Aqy iek hor pwxI jnvrI dy pihly
hPqy lwE [
Gwh PUs nwl nmI dI sMBwl : kmwd dw jMm A`D ApRYl ivc pUrw ho jwvy qW kmwd dIAW
lweInW ivckwr Jony dI prwlI jW Dwn dw iClkw jW kmwd dI KorI jW drKqW dy p`qy Awid
iKlwr idau [ iek eykV leI ieh ink su`k (bc Ku`c) 20 qoN 25 kuieMtl kwPI hY [ ies qrHW
krn nwl zmIn dw qwpmwn G`t jWdw hY [ zmIn iv`c is`lH vI sWBI rihMdI hY [ ndInW dw vwDw
vI G`t jWdw hY Aqy Awg dw gVUMAW vI G`t nukswn krdw hY [ ijQy pwxI dIAW shUlqW G`t
hox auQy ies qrHW nwl kmwd dI aupj ivc vI vwDw huMdw hY [
&sl nUM if`gx qoN bcwauxw : &sl nUM if`gx qoN bcwaux leI hyTW d`sIAW is&wrSW kIqIAW
jWdIAW hn :
1. p`Dry jW KweIAW ivc bIjI &sl nUM mOnsUn SurU hox qoN pihlW jUn dy AKIr iv`c im`tI
cVHwE[ KweIAW ivc bIjI &sl Awm krky G`t if`gdI hY [
2. Agsq dy AKIr ivc jW sqMbr dy SurU ivc &sl dy mUMey bMnH idau[ ies qrIky rwhIN bjwey
do kqwrW nUM iek`Ty bMnHx dy, iekihrI kqwr dy mUMeyN bMnHo [ kmwd dy p`iqAW nUM v`t cwVH ky
r`sI bxw lE Aqy iek mUAW C`f ky dUsry dy ivcoN dI lMGWdy jwE [ ies qrHW &sl dw vwDw
nhIN rukdw jdik do kqwrW dy iek`Ty mUMey bMnHx nwl vDx ivc rukwvt pYNdI hY [
&sl nUM kory qoN bcwauxw : &sl nUM kory qoN bcwaux leI hyTW d`sy FMgW nUM Apnwaux dI
is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY :
1. auh iksmW bIjo ijhVIAW korw shwr skdIAW hox ijvyN sI E 118, sI E jy 64, sI E jy
85, sI E pI bI 91, sI E 238, sI E jy 88, sI E AYs 8436 Aqy sI E jy 89 [
2. KwdW qy pwxI dI pUrI vrqoN krky Aqy pOd-sur`iKAw dy swry FMg ApnwA ky BrpUr &sl
augwE [ mwVI Aqy CotI rhI &sl qy kory dw Asr vDyry huMdw hY [
3. &sl nUM if`gx qoN bcwE, ikauNik if`gI &sl qy kory dw Asr izAwdw huMdw hY [
4. srdIAW iv`c &sl nUM pwxI lwauNdy rho [ pwxI lwaux nwl zmIn grm rihMdI hY Aqy &sl
kory qoN bcI rihMdI hY [ jykr &sl mUFI r`Kx leI k`t leI jwvy qW Kyq nUM pwxI lw idE[
Kyq nUM lweInW ivckwroN vwh idE [
5. kory vwly ielwikAW ivc ibjweI leI gMny dw kyvl isry vwlw ih`sw hI vrqo ikauNik isry
vwlIAW porIAW dIAW A`KW, ivckwrlIAW Aqy hyTlIAW, A`KW nwloN kory dw G`t iSkwr
huMdIAW hn [ korw pYx qoN pihlW bIj vwly gMny, zmIn ivc n`p ky r`Kx nwl vI kory qoN
bcwey jw skdy hn Aqy bhwr ru`q Awaux qy pu`t ky bIjy jw skdy hn [

79
 A) pqJV ru`q dw kmwd
p`qJV mOsm dy kmwd ivc nwlo nwl hor &slW bIj ky ies nUM bVI s&lqw nwl augwieAw
jw skdw hY [ pqJV ru`q dy kmwd ivc hor &slW bIjx nwl auqpwdkqw ivc vwDw huMdw hY
Aqy vDyry munwPw ilAw jw skdw hY [ pqJV dI kmwd dI &sl Aqy ies ivc rlw ky bIjIAW
jWdIAW &slW dI kwSq dw vyrvw A`gy id`qw igAw hY [
&sl c`kr
swauxI dw cwrw/hrI Kwd/m`kI/Jonw (QoVy smyN ’c p`kx vwlw) mUMgI-kmwd dIAW kqwrW
ivckwr hor &slW (rwieAw/AwlU/kxk/isAwlU m`kI/goBI srHoN/bMd goBI)-pihly swl mUFw-dUjy
swl mUFw-kxk [
iksmW : sI E 118, sI E jy 85 Aqy sI E jy 64 [
ibjweI dw smW : 20 sqMbr qoN 20 AkqUbr q`k [ ibjweI pCyqI nw kro [
bIj dI mwqrw : 20,000 iqMn A`KW vwlIAW jW 15,000 cwr A`KW vwlIAW jW 12,000 pMj
A`KW vwlIAW gu`lIAW pRqI eykV vrqo [ pqJV dI &sl leI bIj bhwr ru`q dI jW pqJV
ru`q dI nroeI &sl qoN lvo[
&wslw Aqy ibjweI dw qrIkw : p`DrI ibjweI leI kqwrW ivc 90 sYNtImItr iv`Q r`Ko [
KwLIAW iv`c ibjweI leI do kqwrI KwLI ivDI jo bhwr ru`q vwly kmwd iv`c drsweI geI hY,
ApxwE [
KwdW
90 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV [ qIjw ih`sw nweItRojn ibjweI vyly, qIjw ih`sw mwrc dy
AKIr ivc Aqy bwkI dw qIjw ih`sw ApRYl dy AKIr ivc pwau [ &ws&ors qy potwS q`q im`tI
prK dy AwDwr qy pwau [ kmwd ivc bIjIAW &slW nUM KwdW dI is&wrS A`gy tybl iv`c id`qI
geI hY [ KwdW pwaux dw smW Aqy FMg nrol &sl vwlw hI hY[
rswiexk dvweIAW rwhIN ndInW dI rokQwm : pqJV ru`q iv`c bIjy kmwd iv`c, isAwlU
m`kI dI ibjweI qoN 2-3 idnW dy AMdr-AMdr, ndIn au~gx qoN pihlW AYtrwtw& 50 GulxSIl
(AYtrwzIn) 600 gRwm pRqI eykV dy ihswb 225 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky iCVkwA krn nwl
ndInW dI rokQwm dI isPwrS kIqI geI hY [
jykr pqJV ru`q dy kmwd ivc kxk bIjI geI hovy qW kxk dI ibjweI qoN 30-35 idnW
ipCoN jdoN ndIn au~g pey hox, ipnokswifn 5 eIsI (AYksIAl) 400 imlIiltr pRqI eykV jW
slPoslPUrwn 75 fblXU jI (lIfr / AYs AYP-10 /sPl /mwrkslPo) 13 gRwm pRqI eykV dy
ihswb nwl 150 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky iCVkwA krn nwl ndInW dw nwS ho jWdw hY [ aunHW
KyqW iv`c ijQy gu`lI fMfy iv`c AweIsopRotXUrwn pRqI koeI roDx SkqI nhI, auQy AweIsopRotXUrwn
75 GulxSIl 500 gRwm pRqI eykV dy ihswb iCVkx nwl vI ndInW qy kwbU pwieAw jw skdw
hY [ jykr cOVy p`iqAW vwly ndIn hox qW kxk dI ibjweI qoN 30-35 idnW ipCo mYtslPUrwn
20 fblXU pI (AYlgirp/ AYlgirp rwiel/ mwrkgirp) 10 gRwm pRqI eykV 150 iltr pwxI
iv`c Gol ky vrqo[ jykr btn bUtI (cOVy p`qy vwlw ndIn) hovy qW kxk dI ibjweI qoN 25-30
idnW ivc kwrPYntrwjon eIQweIl 40 fI AYP (eym /AiPntI) 20 gRwm pRqI eykV nUM 200

80
81
82
83
iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky iCVko[ ieh ndIn nwSk swry cOVy p`iqAW vwly Aqy s^qjwn ndIn
(ijvyN ik btn bUtI) dI rokQwm krdw hY ijhVI ik AYlgirp/ AYlgirp rwiel/ mwrkgirp
dI vrqoN nwl nhIN mrdy[ jykr pqJV ru`q dy kmwd ivc bIjI geI kxk ivc Gwh Aqy cOVy
p`qy vwly ndInW dI iek`TI rokQwm krnI hovy qw slPoslPUrwn + mYtslPUrwn 75 fblXU
jI (totl/mwrkpwvr) 16 gRwm pRqI eykV jW imzoslPUrwn + AwiefoslPUrwn 3.6 fblXU
fI jI (AYtlWits) 160 gRwm pRqI eykV 150 iltr pwxI iv`c imlwky 30-35 idnW dy AMdr
iCVkwA kro[
jykr kmwd ivc rwieAw bIijAw hovy qW rwieAw dI ibjweI qoN 25-30 idnW ipCoN jdoN
ndIn au~g pYx qW AweIsopRotXUrwn 75 GulxSIl 400 gRwm pRqI eykV dy ihswb iCVkx nwl
ndInW dw cMgI qrHW ^wqmw ho jWdw hY [
jykr kmwd iv`c lsx bIijAw igAw hovy qW lsx dI ibjweI qoN do idnW dy AMdr
ndIn au~gx qoN pihlW stONp 30 eI.sI. (pYNfImYQwiln) ie`k iltr jW gol 23.5 eI.sI.
(AoksIPlorPYn) 400 imlIiltr pRqI eykV ibjweI qoN ie`k h&qy dy AMdr 225 iltr pwxI
iv`c Gol ky iCVkwA krn nwl ndInW dI rokQwm kIqI jw skdI hY [
isMcweI : pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN iek mhInw bwAd Aqy ies ipCoN &rvrI q`k iqMn pwxI
lwau[ bwkI dy pwxI bhwr ru`q dI &sl vWg idau [ bwkI is&wrSW vI bhwr ru`q dI &sl vWg
hI hn [
mUFy kmwd dI sMBwl
pMjwb ivc kmwd dI qkrIbn A`DI &sl mUFI huMdI hY ijs qoN aupj G`t imldI hY [ ies
&sl dy JwV ivc vwDw krn leI hyT d`sIAW is&wrSW qy Aml krnw cwhIdw hY :
1. ijhVI &sl mUFI r`KxI hovy auh jnvrI dy AKIr qoN pihlW nw k`to ikauNik ies smyN q`k
kory vwlw mOsm Kqm ho jWdw hY [ jykr &sl pihlW k`tI jwvy qW &sl dw puMgwrw mwVw
huMdw hY ikauNik muFW aupr dsMbr-jnvrI iv`c G`t qwpmwn dw burw Asr pYNdw hY[
2. kmwd dIAW AgyqIAW iksmW nUM nvMbr ivc k`tx dy qurMq ipCoN KorI nUM bwhr k`F ky Kyq nUM
pwxI lw idE [ jd Kyq v`qr Awvy qW Kyq nUM iek gofI kr idE jW isAwVW dy drimAwn
vwlI QW vwh idE[ muFW nUM KorI nwl Fko [
3. mUFI &sl nUM ijMnI nIvIN ho sky k`to qW ik v`D puMgwrw hovy [ jykr iPr vI kuJ mu`F au~cy
rih jwx qW korw pY htx ipCoN ienHW nUM zmIn dy nyiVauN k`t idE [
4. jykr &sl k`tx bwAd Kyq ivc ndIn bhuq hox qW Kyq nUM dysI hl nwl do vwrI vwho jW
trYktr nwl it`lr lw ky vwho, nwl nwl ndInW dI rokQwm leI rswiexk FMg vI vrqoN
ivc ilAwE[
5. mUFI &sl ivc gMny dIAW kqwrW ivc KwlI rih geIAW QwvW qy mwrc dy mhIny iqMn A`KW
vwlIAW gu`lIAW bIjo [
6. nvIN bIjI &sl nwloN mUFI &sl nUM Kwd dI fyF guxw v`D loV pYNdI hY [ ies krky mUFI &sl
nUM 90 iklo nweItRojn, iqMn brwbr ih`isAW iv`c krky pwE [ pihlw ih`sw &rvrI-mwrc,
dUsrw ApRYl qy qIjw jUn dy SurU iv`c pwE [ jykr BUmI prK dy AwDwr qy &ws&ors dI loV
pey qW ieh Kwd mwrc ivc kmwd dIAW kqwrW nyVy fir`l kr idE[

84
7. mUFI &sl aupr AgyqI Pot dw gVUMAW, Awg dw gVUMAW Aqy kwly Ktml dw hmlw Agyqw hI
ho jWdw hY [ ies leI kIVy aupr ApRYl mhIny hI nzr r`Ko Aqy ausy vyly ies dI rokQwm
kro jdoN ik nzr Aw jwvy [
guV bnwauxw
KMf qoN ielwvw guV Aqy S`kr vI gMny qoN bxwey jwx vwly mu`K auqpwd hn [ guV kYlSIAm,
lohw Aqy PwsPors dw mh`qvpUrn somw hY [
gMny dI sI E 118, sI E jy 64 Aqy sI E jy 88 iksm qoN cMgI iksm dw guV Aqy S`kr
bxwey jw skdy hn [ jd ik gMny dI sI E jy 85, sI E 238 Aqy sI E jy 89 iksm qoN
drimAwnI qoN cMgI iksm dw guV Aqy S`kr bxdy hn [
guV Aqy S`kr bxwaux iv`c gMny dw jUs k`Fxw, mYl inqwrxw, kwVHnw, TMFw krnw Aqy BylI
bnwaux mu`K pVwA hn [
gMinAW iv`coN pUrw rs k`Fx leI cMgI iksm dw vylxw vrqo [ rs dI sPweI leI suKlweI
dw rs vrqo [ suKlweI iek bUtI hY jo huiSAwrpur dIAW iSvwilk phwVIAW iv`c au~gdI hY
Aqy huiSAwrpur qoN iml jWdI hY [ suKlweI bUtI dw rs iqAwr krn leI bUtI dw su`kw iClkw
24 GMty bwltI iv`c iBauN ky r`Ko [ iPr iClky nUM h`QW iv`c ml ky sMGxw Gol iqAwr kro [
Aijhw iek iltr Gol 100 iltr gMny dy rs nUM sw& krn leI kw&I hY [ suKlweI rs aus vyly
vrqo jdoN gMny dy rs iv`coN mYl aupr nw Awvy [ jdoN p`q kVH ky iqAwr hox vwlI hovy, qW aus
smyN qwpmwn inXMqrx hoxw cwhIdw hY qW ik bx irhw guV sVH nw jwvy [ jdo p`q dw qwpmwn
114-116 ifgrI sYNtIgryf hovy, qW p`q nUM kVHwhy iv`coN k`F ky PUf AYNf tYknwlojI ivBwg, pI ey
XU v`loN iqAwr sWicAw iv`c pw ky Awpxy mncwhy Akwr iv`c Fwl skdy ho [ S`kr bnwaux leI
p`q dw qwpmwn 120-122 ifgrI sYNtIgryf hoxw cwhIdw hY [ p`q iqAwr hox qoN bwAd aus nUM
l`kV dy gMF iv`c pw lE Aqy p`lty nwl lgwqwr ihlwauNdy rho, jdoN q`k auh dwxydwr pwaUfr
nw bx jwvy [ pwaUfr nUM sukw lvo Aqy plwsitk dy bYgW iv`c pYk kr lvo [
pMjwb iv`c KMf bxwaux leI gMny dIAW iksmW dI ipVweI dI AnusUcI
iksmW* &sl ipVweI dw smW*
sI E jy 64, sI E jy 85 Aqy mUFI &sl (p Aqy b) nvMbr, dsMbr
sI E 118
sI E jy 88, sI E pI bI 91 mUFI &sl (b) dsMbr Aqy jnvrI
sI E 238 Aqy sI E AYs
8436
sI E jy 64, sI E jy 85 Aqy bIjV &sl (p) dsMbr Aqy jnvrI
sI E 118
sI E jy 64, sI E jy 85, sI E bIjV &sl (b) jnvrI Aqy &rvrI
118 Aqy sI E jy 88
sI E pI bI 91, sI E 238, sI bIjV &sl (b) &rvrI, mwrc Aqy ApRYl
E AYs 8436 Aqy sI E jy 89
* iksmW dw vyrvw ipVweI dy kRm Anuswr hY p = p`qJV b = bsMq
85
 not: aupr id`qI ipVweI dI AnusUcI muqwibk gMny ivcoN KMf dI irkvrI 10.5 pRqISq jW
ies qoN v`D ho skdI hY jy hyT ilKIAW is&wrSW dy muqwibk gMny dIAW iksmW bIjIAW geIAW
hox :
a) gMny dIAW iksmW dy hyT rkby dy Anupwq 3 (2:1) AgyqI (bsMq:p`qJV): 2
drimAwnI: 1 ipCyqI iksmW dy muqwibk hoxI cwhIdI hY [
A) ‘mUFy Aqy bIjV’ kmwd dw Anupwq 1:1 hoxw cwhIdw hY [
pOd-sur`iKAw
a) kIVy mkOVy
kmwd dw GoVw ( ) : ieh kIVw kmwd dy JwV Aqy gMny dI imTws dI mwqrw bhuq
Gtw idMdw hY [ ijs swl ies dw hmlw bhuq izAwdw ho jwvy qW guV vI TIk nhIN bxdw [
ieh kIVw ApRYl-meI ivc pihlI vwr nzr AwauNdw hY Aqy Agsq qoN sqMbr ivc bhuq gMBIr
hmlw krdw hY [ hmly vwly bUty dy p`qy pIly ho jWdy hn [ hmly dy Agly pVwA qy swry Awg
kwly ho jWdy hn Aqy pSUAW nUM pwaux dy Xog nhIN rihMdy [ BwrI &sl au~pr ies dw hmlw vDyry
huMdw hY Aqy &sl dw izAwdw nukswn Kyq dy ivckwrly ih`sy iv`c huMdw hY [
ic`tI m`KI ( ) : Agsq-AkqUbr dy mhIny hmly vwlI &sl pIlI nzr AwauNdI
hY [ p`iqAW dw rMg au~lI l`gx kwrn kwlw ho jWdw hY[ p`iqAW dy hyTly pwsy m`KI dy Coty b`cy
bhuq igxqI iv`c l`gy huMdy hn jo p`iqAW dw rs cUsdy hn [ ic`tI m`KI dI rokQwm leI 40
imlIiltr kon&Ifor 200 AYs AYl (ieimfwklopirf) jW 600 imlIiltr hostwiQAwn 40 eI
sI (tRweIAYzoPws) pRqI eykV iCVko [ Gol bxwaux leI 150 iltr pwxI vrqo Aqy iCVkwA
h`Q vwly spry pMp nwl kro[
kwlw Ktml ( ) : hmly vwlI &sl pIlI ho jWdI hY[ ieh kIVw pihlW gulwbI
Aqy iPr kwly rMg dw ho jWdw hY [ ieh dohW hwlqW ivc hI p`qy dw rs cUsdw hY Aqy ApRYl,
meI qy jUn ivc bhuq srgrm huMdw hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI 350 imlIiltr frsbwn/lIQl/
mwsbwn 20 eI sI (klorpweIrIPos) nUM 400 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky h`Q vwly spry pMp nwl
pRqI eykV dy ihswb iCVkwA kro [ spry dw ru`K p`iqAW dI goB v`l r`Ko [
kmwd dI jUM ( ): ies kIVy dw hmlw ApRYl qoN jUn ivcwly huMdw hY [ ieh p`iqAW dw
hyTly pwsy qoN rs cUsdw hY [ iesdy hmly krky pihlW p`qy lwl ho jWdy hn Aqy bwAd ivc
sVy hoey lgdy hn [ ies kIVy dI mwr hyT AweI &sl dw vwDw mOnsUn dy mOsm qoN pihlW hI
ruk jWdw hY [ pihlW ieh kIVw brU Gwh au~pr rihMdw hY Aqy ies qoN kmwd dI &sl au~pr
AwauNdw hY[ ies krky jykr brU KyqW dy nyVy au~igAw hovy qW aus nUM nSt kr idau [
isauNk ( ) : isauNk dw hmlw ApRYl qoN jUn Aqy dubwrw AkqUbr iv`c huMdw hY [
ieh jMm rhy bUitAW nUM nukswn krdI hY Aqy au~g rhy Coty bUitAW nUM vI sukw idMdI hY [ ies
dy nukswn nUM G`t krn leI kyvl glI sVI rUVI dI Kwd hI vrqo [ pihlI &sl dI rihMd-
KUMhd Aqy mu`F Awid Kyq ivcoN bwhr k`F idE [ ies dI rokQwm leI do iltr ilMfyn/kYnofwn/
mwrkfyn/gwmYks 20 eI sI (gwmw bI AYc sI) 500 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky PuAwry nwl isAwVW
iv`c peIAW gu`lIAW aupr iCVko jW 10 iklo rIjYNt 0.3 jI (iPproinl) jW 7.5 iklo syvIfol

86
4:4 jI (gwmw bI AYc sI+kwrbirl) jW 15 iklo kYnofwn 1.3 fI pI (gwmw bI AYc sI) pRqI
eykV dw DUVw 20 iklo iglI ryq/im`tI iv`c imlw ky pwau Aqy bwAd iv`c suhwgw Pyr ky gu`lIAW
F`k idE [ &sl dw jMm pUrw hox qoN bwAd (ibjweI qoN 45 idnW bwAd) ies kIVy dI rswiexk
rokQwm dy FMg AgyqI Pot dy gVUMeyN vwly hI hn [
Qirp ( ) : ieh kIVw ApRYl qoN jUn q`k &sl dw nukswn krdw hY [ ieh Ku`l rhy
p`iqAW ivcoN Aqy nvyN p`iqAW dy isirAW qoN rs cUsdw hY [ ijs krky p`iqAW dy isry murJw ky
su`kxy SurU ho jWdy hn Aqy AMdr v`l muV jWdy hn [ ies kIVy dw hmlw mUFI &sl dy mukwbly
lvyrI &sl qy izAwdw huMdw hY [
AgyqI Pot dw gVUMAW ( ): ieh kIVw ApRYl qoN jUn q`k hmlw krdw
hY[ ies dI rokQwm leI:
1. &sl kuJ AgyqI bIjo (A`D mwrc qoN pihlW) [
2. kmwd dI ibjweI smyN, 10 iklo rIjYNt/mortYl 0.3 jI (iPproinl) dwxydwr dvweI pwau Aqy
bwAd iv`c suhwgw Pyr ky gu`lIAW F`k idau jW
&sl dw jMm pUrw hox qoN bwAd (ibjweI qoN 45 idnW bwAd) 10 iklo pdwn/kYlfwn/
krItwp 4 jI jW 10 iklo rIjYNt/mortYl 0.3 jI (iPproinl) nUM 20 iklo ig`lI im`tI/ryq
iv`c imlw ky jW 150 imlIiltr korwjn 18.5 AYs sI (klorntrYnIlIprol) (AwrzI) jW
45 imlIiltr ieimfwgolf 17.8 AYs AYl (ieimfwklopirf) jW 2 iltr frmt klwisk/
frsbwn/mwrkpweIrIPws 20 eI sI (klorpweIrI&ws) nUM 400 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky Puhwry
nwl gMny dIAW kqwrW dy nwl pwau Aqy hlkI im`tI cVHw ky pqlw pwxI idau [ jW
trweIkogrwmw iklons (im`qr kIVy) rwhIN s`q idn pihlW pRjIvI ikirAw kIqy kOrswierw
dy qkrIbn 20,000 AWfy pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl A`D ApRYl qoN jUn AKIr q`k 10 idn dy
Prk nwl vrqo [ ieh AWfy qkrIbn 10x15 sYNtImItr vwly kwrfW au~pr lgwey jWdy hn [
ienHW kwrfW nUM 40 brwbr ih`isAW iv`c ies qrHW k`to ik hr ih`sy au~pr qkrIbn 500 AWfy
hox[ ienHW ih`isAW nUM p`iqAW dy hyTly pwsy ie`k eykV iv`c brwbr dUrI qy 40 QwvW qy Swm
vyly n`QI kro [ ieh ikirAw 8 vwr duhrwaux dI loV pYNdI hY [ ieh kwrf mINh vwly idn nhIN
vrqxy cwhIdy [
Awg dw gVUMAW ( ): ieh kIVw mwrc qoN AkqUbr q`k hmlw krdw hY pr julweI
Agsq dOrwn bhuq hwnIkwrk huMdw hY [ iesdy hmly krky gMny dy isry qy goB vwlw p`qw su`k
jWdw hY Aqy kwly rMg dw ho jWdw hY [ ies dy hmly dIAW hor inSwnIAW hn ik ieh Awg ivc
morIAW kr idMdw hY, p`qy dI rIVH qy auprly isry v`l ic`tIAW jW lwl DwrIAW pY jWdIAW hn
Aqy gMnw CWgw ho jWdw hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI:
1. ies kIVy dy BMbtW qy AWfy iek`Ty krky nSt kr idE [
2. hmly vwly pVsUeyN ApRYl qy jUn dy dOrwn k`t idau [
3. trweIkogrwmw jponIkm (im`qr kIVy) rwhIN s`q idn pihlW pRjIvI ikirAw kIqy kOrswierw
dy qkrIbn 20,000 AWfy pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl A`D ApRYl qoN jUn AKIr q`k 10 idn
dy Prk nwl vrqo [ ienHW dI vrqoN dI ivDI AgyqI Pot dy gVUMeyN hyT id`qI geI hY [ jUn

87
 dy AwKrI h&qy jW julweI dy pihly h&qy (jykr hmlw 5% qoN v`D hovy) pRqI eykV dy
ihswb 10 iklo Prtyrw* 0.4 jI Awr jW 12 iklo iPaUrwfwn/fweIiPaUrwn/iPaUrwkwrb/
kwrboisl/i&aUrI 3 jI dy kYpsUl (kwrbo&Urwn) jW iQmt/PorwtOks/grYnt U Oks/Porl/
vol&or/aUmyt 10 jI (Poryt) dy kYpsUl nUM SwKW dy mu`FW nyVy pwau qy mu`FW nUM hlkI im`tI cwVH
ky Kyq nUM pwxI lw idau [ ies qrHW Awg dy gVUMeyN dI qIsrI pIVI nSt ho jwvygI jo sB qoN
v`D nukswn krdI hY[ kwrboiPaUrwn Aqy Poryt nUM vrqx smyN hyTW d`sIAW swvDwnIAW qy
Aml kro:
1. kwrboiPaUrwn jW Poryt dwxydwr dvweI vrqx vyly rbV dy dsqwny vrqo [ ienHW dI vrqoN
kdI vI nMgy h`QIN nw kro [
2. ies dvweI nUM vrqx qoN pihlW ig`lI im`tI/ryq ivc zrUr imlw lE qW ik dvweI vrqdy
smyN dvweI dw DUVw nw au~fy qy A`KW qy Asr nw kry [
3. ijs ivAkqI ny ies dvweI nUM Kyq ivc pwaux dw kMm kIqw hovy auh kuJ Kwx pIx qoN
pihlW Awpxy h`QW nUM do vwr swbx nwl jrUr Do lvy[
4. ijs kmwd ivc kwrboi&aUrwn jW Poryt dvweI vrqI geI hovy aus kmwd ivcoN dvweI
vrqx qoN fyF mhIny q`k Awg, Gwh jW hor ndIn k`t ky pSUAW nUM nhIN pwauxy cwhIdy [
gurdwspurI gVUMAW ( ): ieh kIVw jUn qoN AkqUbr dOrwn hmlw krdw
hY Aqy ies nwl drimAwn vwly p`qy (Awm krky pMjvW p`qw) murJwA jWdy hn [ ies mgroN
swrw Awg hI su`k jWdw hY [ mwVy ijhy Jtky nwl hI gMnw aus QW qoN tu`t jWdw hY ijs QW ies
kIVy dw hmlw hovy [ ies dI mwr hyT Awey bUty hmly vwly QW qoN jrw hyTW k`t ky nSt kr
idE[ hmly vwly bUty pihcwxy jw skdy hn ikauNik ienHW bUitAW dy isr Swm vyly murJwey huMdy
hn [ Aijhy bUty bwhr k`Fx dw kMm jUn qoN sqMbr mhIinAW ivc hr h&qy bwAd kro [ ieh
kMm vyly isr krnw bhuq jrUrI hY [ ijs Kyq ivc hmlw izAwdw hoieAw hovy aus qoN mUFI &sl
nw r`Ko Aqy &sl k`tx ipCoN mu`F iek`Ty krky jUn qoN pihlW nSt kr idE [
qxy dw gVUMAW jW qrweI gVUMAW ( ): ieh kIVw swrw swl hI
srgrm rihMdw hY [ ies kIVy dIAW suMfIAW srdIAW ivc nvyN pVsUieAW jW mu`FW iv`c rihMdIAW
hn [ ienHW dw hmlw ApRYl, meI Aqy jUn ivc kuJ G`t huMdw hY pr julweI iv`c vD jWdw hY [
AkqUbr Aqy nvMbr ivc ieh sB qoN v`D srgrm huMdw hY[ ies kIVy dIAW bwhrlIAW koeI
inSwnIAW nhIN hn [ ies kIVy dIAW qxy ivc vVn Aqy inklx vwlIAW morIAW kyvl gMnw
iCl ky hI vyKIAW jw skdIAW hn [ iek suMfI keI vwr iqMn gMFW dw nukswn kr idMdI hY Aqy
gMny aupr keI QwvW qy hmlw krdI hY [ gMBIr hmly dI sUrq iv`c gMny dy JwV Aqy imTws vwly
q`qW qy bhuq Asr pYNdw hY[ ies dI rokQwm leI hyTW d`sIAW is&wrSW qy Aml kro :
1. hmly vwly Kyq ivcoN bIj nw lE [
2. 40 trweIkokwrf dy (5¿2.5 sYNtImItr) ijs aupr 7 idn pihlW trweIkogrwmw iklons
rwhIN pRjIvI ikirAw kIqy hoey kOrswierw dy AWfy gUMd nwl lgwey huMdy hn, gMny dy p`iqAW
dy hyTly pwsy julweI qoN AkqUbr dOrwn 10 idn dy Prk nwl n`QI kro [ hr iek tukVy qy
lgBg 500 pRjIvI ikirAw vwly AWfy l`gy hoxy cwhIdy hn Aqy ieh tukVy iek eykV ivc
40 QwvW qy n`QI kro [ Awm hwlqW ivc ieh ikirAw 10 qoN 12 vwr duhrweI jwx dI loV
pYNdI hY [
88
3. &sl k`tx vyly swry pVsUeyN vI k`t idau [
4. ies kIVy dI mwr vwlI &sl mUFI nw r`Ko [ &sl k`t ky Kyq vwho Aqy mu`F vgYrw iek`Ty
krky nSt kr idE [
cUhy : kmwd iek lMmy smyN dI &sl hox krky cUihAW nUM lukx ivc kwPI shweI huMdI hY,
jo ies dw bhuq nukswn krdy hn [ iek Kws iksm dw cUhw jo kwPI Ku`fW pu`tdw hY kmwd ivc
kwPI igxqI ivc pwieAw jWdw hY [ ieh cUhy if`gI hoeI &sl dw bhuq hI nukswn krdy hn[
kmwd ivc cUihAW dI Asrdwiek rokQwm leI dyKo AiDAwie ‘cUihAW dI rokQwm’ [
A) ibmwrIAW
r`qw rog ( ): ieh rog iek au~lI krky huMdw hY [ ieh ibmwrI julweI qoN &sl dI
ktweI q`k mwr krdI hY [ isry vwly p`iqAW dw rMg bdl ky pIlw pY jWdw hY Aqy Pyr swry p`qy
murJwA jWdy hn [ cIry hoey gMinAW dw AMdro gu`dw lwl ho jWdw hY pr ieh lwlI iekswr nhIN
huMdI sgoN ies ivc ic`ty lMbUqry D`by gMny dI cOVweI dy ru`K k`tdy nzr AwauNdy hn [ ieMnw cIry
hoey gMinAW ivcoN Srwb vrgI bU AwauNdI hY[ ies dI rokQwm leI hyT ilKy FMg ApxwE :
1. ibjweI leI bIj kyvl rog-rihq &sl ivcoN lvo [
2. ibmwrI vwly KyqW ivc iek swlw &slI c`kr ApxwE [
3. rogI &sl AgyqI pIV lE [ Kyq CyqI qoN CyqI vwh ky mu`F swV idE[
4. rogI gMinAW vwlw swrw bUJw mu`FoN pu`t ky d`b jW swV idE [
5. rog vwlI &sl moFI nw r`Ko [
6. rog dw twkrw krn Xog iksm hI bIjo [
murJwauxw (sokw) ( ) : ieh ibmwrI julweI qoN &sl p`kx q`k rihMdI hY [ ibmwrI vwly
gMny dy p`qy pihlW pIly pY jWdy hn Aqy iPr au~qoN su`k jWdy hn [ gMny dy gu`dy dw rMg AMdroN B`dw
lwl ho jWdw hY [ ies dIAW inSwnIAW r`qy rog nwloN v`KrIAW ies qrHW hn ik ies ivc gu`dy
dw rMg gMF dy nyiVEN izAwdw gUVw huMdw hY Aqy ivckwroN G`t[ ibmwrI vwlw gMnw ivckwroN KwlI
pY jWdw hY Aqy hOlw ho jWdw hY [ ies rog dI rokQwm leI r`qy rog vwly aupwA hI kro[
ies ibmwrI nUM PYlwaux vwlI au~lI bhuq dyr q`k Kyq ivc auvyN hI peI rihMdI hY [ ies krky
Aijhy KyqW ivc iqMn swlW leI gMnw nhIN bIjxw cwhIdw[
kWigAwrI ( ): ieh ibmwrI swrw swl hI rihMdI hY pr ies dw hmlw meI qoN julweI
Aqy iPr AkqUbr-nvMbr dy drimAwn vDyry huMdw hY[ mUFI &sl ivc ieh ibmwrI izAwdw huMdI
hY [ ibmwrI vwly gMinAW dI mu`K SwK CWty vrgI bx jWdI hY, ijs aupr kwlw DUVydwr mwdw
l`gw huMdw hY [ AijhIAW CWty vrgIAW SwKW gMny dy Awg ivcoN jW bwAd ivc Pu`tx vwlIAW
SwKW aupr ho skdIAW hn [ kWigAwrI dI rokQwm leI hyT ilKy FMg ApxwE:
1. nroAw bIj vrqo [ ibmwrI l`gy gMinAW dy nyVy dy gMny vI bIj leI nw vrqo [
2. kWigAwrI vwlI SwKW hOly ijhy iK`c ky (Jtkw dyx qoN ibnW) moty k`pVy dy Joly ’c pw ky
k`t lE [ iPr swrw bUtw mu`FoN pu`t ky swV idE jW fUMGw n`p idE [ ijhVw Jolw kWigAwrI
vwlIAW SwKW iek`TIAW krn leI vriqAw hovy, aus nUM aubldy pwxI ivc 5 imMt leI fob
ky kWigAwrI dy kx nst kr idE [

89
3. ies ibmwrI vwlI &sl nUM mUFI nw r`Ko [
4. bIj nUM rog rihq krn leI gu`lIAW 0.5 pRqISq AYgwlol (500 gRwm) jW 0.25% tYPwsn
jW AYmIsn (250 gRwm) jW 0.25 pRqISq itlt 25 qwkq (250 imlIiltr) dy 100
iltr pwxI dy Gol ivc fob ky soD lvo [
mUFy kmwd dw mDrypx dw rog ( ): ieh rog iek jIvwxU
krky huMdw hY [ hmly vwlI &sl ig`TI ijhI Aqy pqly gMinAW vwlI rihMdI hY [ p`qy kuJ pIly
nzr AwauNdy hn Aqy jVHW G`t vDdIAW hn [ p`ky hoey gMinAW nUM lMmy dwA, iq`Ky cwkU nwl k`t
ky ibmwrI nUM pCwixAw jw skdw hY[ gMny dI gMF dy hyTW bdrMg ijhy D`by, muVvIAW, is`DIAW
jW JukvIAW DwrIAW 2-3 imlImItr lMmIAW pY jWdIAW hn [ ieh D`by jW DwrIAW pIly, sMqrI,
gulwbI/lwl BUry ho skdy hn [ ies ibmwrI vwlI &sl dw bIj nw vrqo [ ibjweI leI gMny
kyvl qMdrusq Aqy BrvIN &sl ivcoN hI lE [ ies ibmwrI dy jIvwxU Kqm krn leI gMinAW
nUM is`lHI grm hvw dy XMqr ivc 4 GMty leI 54 ifgrI sYNtIgRyf qwpmwn ivc r`K ky soDxw
cwhIdw hY[ AijhI &sl mUFI nhIN r`KxI cwhIdI [
Gwh vrgIAW SwKW dw rog ( ): ieh rog vwiers vrgy kxW krky
huMdw hY [ rogI bUitAW ivcoN bhuq swrIAW brIk SwKW Pu`tdIAW hn [ p`qy Coty, pqly Aqy G`t
cOVy rih jWdy hn Aqy ienHW dw rMg ic`tw ho jWdw hY [ jykr ies rog dw hmlw G`t hovy qW iek
do mwVy ijhy gMny vI bx jWdy hn [ ies rog nUM PYlx qoN rokx leI vyly isr rog vwly bUty mUFoN
auKwV ky nSt kr idE [ bIj vwly gMinAW nUM islHI grm hvw dy XMqr ivc 4 GMty leI 54
ifgrI sYNtIgRyf qwpmwn r`K ky soDxw cwhIdw hY, ikauNik ies ibmwrI dy hox dw fr mUFI &sl
ivc vDyry huMdw hY [ ies leI ibmwrI vwlI &sl mUFI nw r`Ko[
lwl DwrIAW dw rog ( ): ieh rog iek jIvwxU krky huMdw hY jo jUn qoN Agsq
dOrwn PYldw hY [ hmly vwly pOidAW dy p`iqAW au~pr lwl DwrIAW pY jWdIAW hn jo pqlIAW,
lMmIAW, p`qy dI lMbweI dy ru`K huMdIAW hn [ gMBIr hwlqW ivc gMnw auproN gl jWdw hY [ rogI
bUitAW nUM pu`t ky swV dyxw cwhIdw hY [
Awg dw swVw ( ): ieh au~lI rog vrKw ru`qy julweI qoN sqMbr ivc huMdw hY [ Awg
dy in`ky Aqy nvyN p`iqAW dw hyTW qoN rMg pIlw ho jWdw hY Aqy ieh Coty rih jWdy hn jo ik bwAd
iv`c gUVHy lwl ho jWdy hn Aqy hOlI hOlI JV jWdy hn [ rog dI gMBIr hwlq ivc gMny dw auqlw
isrw vI gl jWdw hY [ Aijhy bUty pu`t ky d`b jW swV idE[
bdbUdwr swVw ( ): ieh rog iek jIvwxU krky huMdw hY Aqy vrKw ru`qy, julweI
qoN sqMbr ivc hmlw krdw hY [ ibmwr gMinAW dy Awg su`k jWdy hn Aqy gMny dw auprlw ih`sw
sV jWdw hY [ keI hwlqW ivc swrw gMnw hI gl sV jWdw hY [ rogI gMinAW ivcoN bVI BYVI
bdbU AwauNdI hY [ hmly vwly gMny pu`t ky swV dyxy cwhIdy hn[
p`iqAW dw Ptxw ( ) : ieh rog iek jIvwxU krky huMdw hY [ ies nwl p`qy dy
au~pr iek jW do brIk ic`tIAW jW iP`kIAW pIlIAW DwrIAW pY jWdIAW hn jo ik p`qy dy hyTW
v`l vDdIAW hn [ rogI pOdy dIAW A`KW puMgrnIAW SurU ho jWdIAW hn jo pihlW gMny dy mu`F
v`loN SurU huMdIAW hn[ ienHW nvyN inkly p`iqAW aupr vI auho ijhIAW DwrIAW pY jWdIAW hn jo

90
ik bwAd ivc lwl rMg dIAW ho jWdIAW hn Aqy p`qy ienHW QwvW qoN Q`ly nUM P`txy SurU ho jWdy
hn[ jy ibmwrI vwly gMny pwV ky dyKIey qW ienHW ivc lwl-BUrIAW DwrIAW nzr AwauxgIAW[
keI vwr ibmwrI vwly pOdy ibnW iksy inSwnI dy murJw jWdy hn Aqy mr jWdy hn [ ikauNik
ieh ibmwrI bIj vwly gMny ivcoN hI pYdw huMdI hY, ies krky ishqmMd Aqy ibmwrI rihq bIj
bIjxw cwhIdw hY [ cwr GMty leI 54 ifgrI sYNtIgRyf islHI hvw vwlw ielwj ibmwrI PYlwaux
vwly jIvwxUMAW nUM ikirAwhIx kr idMdw hY [ ies ibmwrI nUM vDx qoN rokx leI bIj k`tx vwly
gMfwsy nUM vrqx qoN pihlW A`g nwl jW 2 pRqISq lweIzol dy Gol ivc fubo ky rog rihq kr
lYxw cwhIdw hY [ ibmwr gMinAW nUM pu`t dyxw cwhIdw hY [

91
 5. dvweIAW, mswly Aqy
sugMDI vwlIAW &slW
krnOlI
krnOlI dI kwSq ivSyS krky AMimRqsr, gurdwspur Aqy jlMDr izilHAW ivc kIqI jWdI
hY [ krnOlI dw bIj Aqy ies qoN bxIAW vsqUAW bwhrly dySW nUM ByjIAW jWdIAW hn [
mOsm : ies &sl dy m`uFly vwDy leI drimAwny TMFy jlvwXU dI loV hY [ &sl dy p`kx smyN
grm qy KuSk mOsm FukvW hY [
zmIn : krnOlI klrwTIAW qy sym vwlIAW zmInW nUM C`f ky hr qrHW dIAW zmInW ivc ho
skdI hY [ Bl vwlIAW zmInW, ijnHW ivc m`lVH dI mwqrw kwPI hovy Aqy pwxI sMBwlx dI SkqI
vI kwPI r`KdIAW hox, ies &sl leI bhuq FukvIAW hn [
&sl c`kr
Pu`l goBI jW AwlU (Agyqy) - krnOlI, Jonw-Agyqy mtr-krnOlI, Jonw-krnOlI, Jonw-AwlU-
krnOlI, bwsmqI-krnOlI-bwjrw (cwrw) Aqy m`kI (Agsq)-krnOlI-bwjrw (cwrw)
iksm
sQwnk : ies dy pOidAW dI aucweI 115 sYNtImItr huMdI hY [ SurU ivc ies dw vwDw G`t
huMdw hY Aqy PrvrI iv`c ies nUM twhxIAW Pu`txIAW SurU huMdIAW hn [ mwrc ivc ic`ty rMg dy
Pu`l pYNdy hn [ bIj gUVHy BUry rMg dy huMdy hn, ijnHW dI KuSbo sohxI huMdI hY Aqy svwd kuV`qx
vwlw huMdw hY [ &sl pnIrI lwaux qoN 165-170 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : iekswr p`DrI zmIn 4-5 vwr vwh suhwg ky krnOlI bIjx dy kwbl
ho jWdI hY [
bIj dI mwqrw : 400 gRwm pRqI eykV [
pnIrI bIjx dw smW : A`D sqMbr qoN A`D AkqUbr [
pnIrI bIjxw : pnIrI vwly QW iv`c 15 g`fy glI sVI rUVI pRqI eykV dy ihswb imlwE[
zmIn nUM 4-5 vwr vwh ky brIk iqAwr kro[ iPr 8 mItr x 1.25 mItr Akwr dIAW ikAwrIAW
bxwau [ ienHW ikAwrIAW dw Akwr loV Anuswr G`t v`D vI kIqw jw skdw hY [ ieho ijhIAW
8 ikAwrIAW iek eykV dI pnIrI leI kwPI hn [ hr ikAwrI dy cuPyry iek CotI ijhI nwlI
bxw lE qW ik isMcweI leI sOK rhy [ hryk ikAwrI ivc ikswn Kwd Aqy isMgl suprPwsPyt

92
Kwd dI brwbr mwqrw dw 150 gRwm imSrx pwE Aqy ies nUM im`tI ivc cMgI qrHW imlw lE[
hryk ikAwrI ivc 50 gRwm sw& bIj bIjo [ bIj nUM auproN rUVI vwlI Kwd Aqy im`tI nwl F`k
idE Aqy ausy vyly Puhwry nwl pwxI idE[ bIj 12-15 idnW q`k au~g pYxgy [ bIjW dy au~gx
qoN qkrIbn 15 idnW bwAd pRqI ikAwrI 100 gRwm ikswn Kwd pwau [ jykr pOdy dw vwDw TIk
nw hovy qW ieqnI hI Kwd iek mhInw ipCoN hor pwE[ pnIrI 60-70 idnW ivc luAweI leI
iqAwr ho jWdI hY [ pnIrI nUM lgwqwr pwxI idMdy rho Aqy ndInW qoN vI mukq r`Ko [
pnIrI pu`txw : pnIrI pu`tx qoN ie`k idn pihlW hlkw ijhw pwxI zrUr lw idE [
pnIrI lwaux dw smW Aqy FMg : pnIrI A`D nvMbr qoN AKIr dsMbr q`k pu`t ky lweI jw
skdI hY, jd pnIrI 60 qoN 70 idnW dI ho jwvy[ lwaux smyN lweInW dw &wslw 45 sYNtImItr
Aqy bUty qoN bUty dw &wslw 25 sYNtImItr r`Ko [
ndInW dw nwS krnw : &sl nUM ndInW qoN mukq r`Kx leI do-iqMn gofIAW phIey vwlI suDrI
iqRPwlI nwl kw&I hn [
isMcweI : hlky Aqy CyqI CyqI pwxI &sl nUM idMdy rihxw cwhIdw hY [
KwdW : KwdW dI mwqrw zmIn dI aupjwaU SkqI qy inrBr krdI hY [ drimAwnIAW zmInW
leI hyT d`sy muqwbk KwdW pwE [
*q`q (iklo pRqI eykV) KwdW (iklo pRqI eykV)
nweItRojn PwsPors XUrIAw **fI ey pI jW suprPwsPyt
40 16 90 35 100
* ieh q`q mMfI ivc imldIAW hor KwdW qoN vI pRwpq kIqy jw skdy hn (AMiqkw 4) [
** jy 35 iklo fI ey pI pwieAw hovy qW XUrIAw dI mwqrw 13 iklo Gtw idE[
Kwd pwaux dw smW qy FMg : A`DI nweItRojn Aqy swrI PwsPors pnIrI lwaux vyly pwE [
cOQw ih`sw nweItRojn pnIrI lwaux qoN 45 idnW bwAd Aqy bwkI dI cOQw ih`sw pnIrI lwaux qoN
75 idnW bwAd pwE [
ktweI qy ghweI : jd bIj dw rMg hlkw BUrw ho jwvy qW &sl dI ktweI kr lE [ jykr
ktweI dyr nwl kIqI jwvy qW bIj JV jWdw hY [ ies dw bIj bhuq Cotw qy hlkw huMdw hY, ies
leI bIj sw& krdy smyN iDAwn r`Ko ik hvw bhuq qyz nw cldI hovy [
JwV : iek eykV ivcoN 5-6 kuieMtl bIj inkl AwauNdw hY [
kIVy : cypw keI vwr &sl dw nukswn krdw hY [ ieh p`iqAW ivcoN rs cUsdw hY, ijs nwl
&sl dy vwDy qy bhuq mwVw Asr huMdw hY[ ies dI rokQwm leI 400 imlIiltr mYlwQIAn 50
qwkq vwlI pRqI eykV dy ihswb iCVko [ loV pYx qy 15 idnW bwAd iek iCVkwA hor kro [

bIj JVn qoN rokx leI nukqy :

pnIrI vwly pOdy ieko aumr qy ieko Awkwr dy hox [ &sl dI ktweI shI smyN qy kro [ &sl
dI ktweI svyr vyly kro [ k`tI hoeI &sl nUM qurMq ghweI vwlI QW qy lY jwau [

93
 DnIAw

DnIAw pMjwb ivc, ies dy hry p`iqAW dI vrqoN leI augwieAw jWdw hY [ bIj vjoN vI
ies dI kwSq kuJ smyN qoN ikswnW ivc pRclq ho geI hY, ikauNik ies qoN kw&I AwrQk lwB
huMdw hY [
mOsm : ieh &sl vwDy dy pihilAW pVwvW au~qy TMFI Awbohvw mMgdI hY Aqy p`kx smyN
grm qy KuSk ru`q dI loV huMdI hY [
zmIn : DnIey dI &sl lgBg hr iksm dI zmIn iv`c bIjI jw skdI hY, pr ies dI
kwSq leI vDIAw pwxI dy inkws vwlI ryqlI mYrw zmIn FukvIN hY [
&sl c`kr : m`kI-AwlU-DnIAw, grmI dI m`kI-m`kI-DnIAw Aqy Jonw-DnIAw dw &slI
c`kr Awm qOr qy ApxwieAw jw skdw hY[
iksm
sQwink : ies dy pOidAW dI aucweI 60 sYNtImItr huMdI hY [ ies dw qxw is`Dw huMdw hY jo
ivcoN KwlI huMdw hY [ ies nUM ic`ty Pu`l l`gdy hn[ iesdy Pl hlky hry qoN pIly rMg dy huMdy hn
jo do ih`isAW iv`c pwey jWdy hn [ ieh iksm 175-180 idnW iv`c p`k jWdI hY [
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : do qoN iqMn vwr Kyq dI vhweI kr ky zmIn iqAwr kro [ hr vhweI
ipCoN suhwgw Pyro [
bIj dI mwqrw : 8 qoN 10 iklo bIj pRqI eykV vrqo [
bIj bIjx leI iqAwrI : DnIey dw vDIAw qy rog rihq bIj lE[ bIj nUM iDAwn nwl
sihjy mlo qWik ie`k bIj do qoN cwr ih`isAW ivc vMifAw jwvy ikauNik swbqy bIj bhuq G`t
au~gdy hn [ bIj nUM QIrm nwl soDo [ FweI gRwm zihr ie`k iklo bIj leI kwPI hY [
ibjweI dw smW Aqy FMg : ies dI ibjweI dw vDIAw smW AkqUbr dy AwKrI hPqy qoN lY
ky nvMbr dy pihly h&qy q`k hY pr ies dI ibjweI dsMbr dy pihly hPqy q`k vI jwrI r`KI
jw skdI hY [ bIj nMU por rwhIN isAwVW ivckwr 30 sYNtImItr dI iv`Q r`K ky por idE [
gofI krnI qy ndIn mwrnw : SurU iv`c ies dw vwDw hOlI hox krky ndInW dI sm`isAw
izAwdw huMdI hY [ ies krky do gofIAW, pihlI bIjx qoN 4 h&qy ipCoN Aqy dUsrI 5 qoN 6 h&qy
ipCoN phIey vwlI suDrI iqRPwlI nwl idE [
isMcweI : bwrS nUM mu`K r`K ky ies nUM 4 qoN 5 pwxI idE [ pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN iqMn
h&qy ipCoN Aqy bwkI pwxI, jdoN loV pvy aus smyN idE Aqy ieh iKAwl r`Ko ik pOidAW nUM Pu`l
Awaux Aqy bIj pYx smyN pwxI dI Gwt nw hovy [
KwdW : 30 iklo nweItRojn q`q (65 iklo XUrIAw) pRqI eykV dy ihswb do ikSqW ivc pwE[
pihlI ikSq ibjweI smyN Aqy dUsrI ikSq jdoN Pu`l pYxy SurU ho jwx [ ijhVIAW zmInW im`tI
dI prK dy AwDwr qy PwsPors q`q dI drimAwnI qoN kw&I izAwdw mwqrw r`KdIAW hox, aunHW
zmInW nUM ies &sl dy vwDy leI &ws&ors pwaux dI loV nhIN huMdI [

94
 ktweI qy JVweI : ieh &sl ApRYl dy AMq iv`c p`k ky iqAwr ho jWdI hY [ &sl nUM aus
smyN k`to jdoN ies dy bIj p`k gey hox, pr hry rMg dI BwA mwrdy hox ikauNik hrI BwA mwrdw
DnIAw mMfI ivc BUry rMg vwly DnIey qoN vDyry kImq pwauNdw hY [ k`tI hoeI &sl nMU p`ky &rS qy
iek`Tw kr lE Aqy su`kx idE [ DnIey nUM stor krn qoN pihlW cMgI qrHW sukwA lE [
JwV : ies dw JwV 2.5 qoN 3 kuieMtl bIj pRqI eykV huMdw hY [

pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy
bMd goBI dw sYmIlUpr Aqy cypw keI vwr hmlw krdy hn [
A) ibmwrI
qxy dy PoVy : ies ibmwrI nwl p`iqAW dIAW nwVIAW, p`qy dI fMfI qy pOdy dy qxy qy Pu`ly hoey
PoVy ijhy bx jWdy hn [ rogI bUty pu`t ky swV idE [ bIj nUM dvweI nwl soD ky bIjo [

sONP
ies dy bIj dvweIAW ivc vrqy jWdy hn Aqy Acwr, kYNfI Awid iv`c mswly dy qOr qy pwey
jWdy hn [ ies dy bIjW ivc KuSbUdwr qyl dI mwqrw 1-2 pRqISq huMdI hY [ ieh qyl Kurwk,
KuSbU Aqy dvweIAW ivc vriqAw jWdw hY [
mOsm : sONP dI kwSq leI TMFI Aqy KuSk ru`q dI loV huMdI hY [ p`kx smyN jykr bwrS ho
jwvy qW bIj dw rMg bdl jWdw hY Aqy ies dI au~gx SkqI vI G`t jWdI hY [
zmIn : ies dI kwSq leI cMgy jl-inkws vwlI ryqlI mYrw qoN mYrw zmIn FukvIN hY [
&sl c`kr : sONP swauxI dI iksy vI &sl ipCoN ijvyN ik Jonw, m`kI, mUMgI, mWh Aqy swauxI
dy cwry ipCoN bIjI jw skdI hY [

iksm
sQwink : ies dy pOidAW dI aucweI 150 sYNtImItr huMdI hY [ ies dw qxw gol qy ivcoN
KwlI huMdw hY, ijs auqy hry p`qy l`gdy hn [ jnvrI dy AMq q`k ies dw vwDw bhuq hOlI hOlI
huMdw hY [ ies ipCoN SwKW Pu`txIAW SurU huMdIAW hn [ mwrc dy mhIny pIly rMg dy Pu`l l`gdy hn[
ies dy &l lMmy, p`Dry, hry rMg dy ijnHW qy kuJ v`tW huMdIAW hn[ ieh iksm 185-190 idnW
ivc p`k jWdI hY [
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI: Kyq nUM 2-3 vwr vwh ky iqAwr kro [ hr vhweI ipCoN suhwgw zrUr
Pyro [
bIj dI mwqrw : bIj 4 iklo pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl pwE [
ibjweI dw smW : ibjweI dw vDIAw smW AkqUbr dw dUsrw pMdrvwVw hY [ ies dw JwV,
ijauN ijauN ibjweI ipCyqI kIqI jwvygI, Gtdw jwvygw [

95
 ibjweI dw FMg : bIj 3 qoN 4 sYNtImItr fUMGy isAwVW ivc kyro[ isAwVW ivckwr &wslw
45 sYNtImItr r`Ko [
KwdW : 20 iklo nweItRojn (45 iklo XUrIAw) ieko ijhIAW iqMn ikSqW ivc pwE [ ikSqW
dI mwqrw izAwdwqr zmIn dI iksm qy inrBr krygI [ &ws&ors Kwd dI audoN hI vrqoN kro
jdoN ies dI Gwt im`tI dI prK duAwrw zmIn ivc mihsUs kIqI geI hovy [
isMcweI : rOxI krky &sl bIjo [ pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN 10-15 idnW ipCoN dyvo qWik bIj
cMgI qrHW au~g pYx [ ipCly pwxI jdoN loV pvy audoN idE [ bSrqy ik pwxI dI Gwt Pu`l pYx
Aqy duDIAw styj qy nw Awvy[ mwrc qoN ApRYl dy mhIny ivc pwxI, ijs idn hvw bMd hovy idE,
qW ik &sl if`g nw pvy [
gofI krnI Aqy ndIn mwrnw : ie`k jW do gofIAW phIey vwlI suDrI iqRPwlI nwl idE pr
ieh g`l izAwdwqr ndInW dI bhuqwq qy inrBr krdI hY [
kIiVAW dI rokQwm : ies &sl au~qy iksy Kws ibmwrI jW kIVy dw hmlw nhIN pwieAw
jWdw[ cypw, jUM Aqy bMd-goBI dw sYmIlUpr kdI kdI hmlw krdy hn [
&sl dI ktweI Aqy JVweI : &sl ktweI leI ApRYl dy AMq qoN lY ky meI dy pihly hPqy
q`k p`k ky iqAwr ho jWdI hY [ &sl audoN hI k`to jdoN sONP dy dwxy hrI qoN hlkI pIlI BwA
mwrn[ Kwx dI vrqoN leI &sl nUM ApRYl dy SurU iv`c k`t lE [ ies smyN dI k`tI hoeI &sl
dy dwixAW ivc au~gx SkqI bhuq G`t jWdI hY, ies krky ausnUM bIj dy qOr qy nhIN vrqxw
cwhIdw [ aupj nUM CwvyN sukwE ikauNik hry rMg dI sONP izAwdw kImq pwauNdI hY [
JwV : ies dw JwV (bIj) 4 qoN 5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV inkl AwauNdw hY [

soey
dvweIAW ivc vrqy jwx krky ieh &sl bVI mShUr hY [ ies ivc KuSbUdwr qyl huMdw
hY[ ijs nUM idl qyl kihMdy hn [ ieh qyl Kurwk, KuSbU Aqy sugMDI vwlIAW cIzW bxwaux ivc
vriqAw jWdw hY[ dyS ivdySW dIAW mMfIAW ivc ies dI bhuq mMg hY [
mOsm : ies &sl nUM TMFy KuSk mOsm dI loV hY [ p`kx smyN mINh pYx nwl ies dy bIj
JV jWdy hn [
zmIn : cMgy jl inkws vwlI ryqlI mYrw qoN mYrw zmIn ies dI kwSq leI sB qoN FukvIN
hY [
&sl c`kr : soieAw dI &sl swauxI dIAW &slW ijvyN Jonw, m`kI, mWh, mUMgI, cwry Awid
ipCoN bIjI jw skdI hY [

iksm
sQwink : ies iksm dw vwDw SurU iv`c G`t huMdw hY Aqy AOsq aucweI 160 sYNtImItr huMdI
hY [ &rvrI dy AKIr ivc SwKW Pu`txIAW SurU ho jWdIAW hn [ ies dy Pu`l hlky pIly rMg dy
huMdy hn[ ies dy Pl lMmy, AMfwkwr Aqy cpty huMdy hn, ijnHW qy gUVHIAW DwrIAW huMdIAW hn[
ieh iksm ibjweI qoN 185-190 idnW ivc p`k jWdI hY[

96
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : do iqMn vwr vwh ky Aqy hr vwhI ipCoN suhwgw mwr ky cMgI qrHW Kyq
iqAwr kro [
bIj dI mwqrw, ibjweI dw smW Aqy FMg : ibjweI dw sB qoN FukvW smW AkqUbr dw dUjw
pMdrvwVw hY [ pCyqI ibjweI nwl JwV G`tdw hY [ iek eykV leI 2 iklo bIj kwPI hY [ bIj
3-4 sYNtImItr fUMGw kyry nwl bIjo Aqy kqwr qoN kqwr dw &wslw 45 sYNtImItr r`Ko[
KwdW : zmIn dI iksm Anuswr 35 iklo nweItRojn (75 iklo XUrIAw), 2 jW 3 ikSqW ivc
pwE [ &ws&ors vwlI Kwd kyvl im`tI prK krw ky pwau, jykr ies q`q dI Gwt jwpy [
isMcweI : rOxI kr ky &sl bIjo [ pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN 10-15 idn ipCoN idE qWik
&sl cMgI qrHW au~g pvy [ bwkI dy pwxI ies pRkwr idE, qWik &sl leI loVINdI nmI zmIn
ivc rhy [ ies g`l dw Kws iKAwl r`Ko ik Pu`l pYx smyN pwxI dI Gwt nw Awvy [ mwrc qy ApRYl
iv`c SWq idn vyly hlkw pwxI idE qWik &sl nw if`gy [
gofI krnI qy ndInW dw nwS krnw : ndInW dI imkdwr Anuswr iek jW do gofIAW kro[
pihlI gofI ibjweI qoN 30-40 idnW ipCoN kro[ jy &sl sMGxI hovy qW ies smyN ivrlI vI kr
idE [
vwFI qy ghweI : meI dy pihly h&qy &sl v`Fx leI iqAwr ho jWdI hY [ jdoN C`qrI dw
rMg hry qoN hlkw pIlw ho jwvy, &sl dI vwFI kr lE [ ktweI svyr vyly kro Aqy ausy vyly
ghweI leI lY jwE qWik bIj nw ikr jwx [
JwV : iek eykV ivcoN qkrIbn 3-4 kuieMtl bIj inkl AwauNdw hY[

hnI plWt

hnI plWt dvweIAW bxwaux leI kMm AwauNdw hY [ ieh &sl bIjW leI augweI jWdI hY
ijnHW ivc jYNQotOkisn (0.4 pRqISq) huMdI hY [ ies nUM keI dvweIAW bxwaux vwlIAW kMpnIAW
bwhrly dySW ivc Byjx leI KrIddIAW hn [
mOsm : ies nUM TMFy qy KuSk jlvwXU dI loV hY Aqy pMjwb ivc kwmXwbI nwl augweI jw
skdI hY [ p`kx vyly qyz hvwvW nwl bIj ikr jWdw hY [
zmIn : ieh &sl bhuq qrHW dIAW zmInW ivc bIjI jw skdI hY pr cMgy jl inkws vwlI
ryqlI mYrw qy mYrw zmIn ies dI kwSq leI sB qoN FukvIN hY [
&sl c`kr : ieh &sl swauxI dIAW &slW ijvyN Jonw, m`kI, mUMgI mWh Aqy cwry qoN ipCoN
bIjI jw skdI hY [

iksm
sQwink : ies iksm dy p`qy gUVHy hry huMdy hn [ SurU ivc ies dy bUty PYlvyN huMdy hn pr
bwAd ivc is`Dy vDdy hn jo qkrIbn 150 sYNtImItr au~cy huMdy hn [ &rvrI ivc SwKW
Pu`txIAW SurU huMdIAW hn[ hr twhxI qy CqrI (bIj) bxdI hY [ mwrc ivc ic`ty Pu`l inkl

97
AwauNdy hn [ Pu`l Sihd dIAW m`KIAW nUM Awpxy v`l iK`cdy hn, ikauNik aunWH ivc nYktr kw&I
huMdw hY [ pnIrI lwaux qoN 180-185 idnW ipCoN ieh iksm p`k jWdI hY [

kwSq dy au~nq FMg

zmIn dI iqAwrI : zmIn p`DrI kro [ iqMn jW cwr vwr vwh ky Aqy hr vhweI ipCoN suhwgw
Pyr ky Kyq iqAwr kro [
pnIrI bIjxw : sqMbr dw swrw mhInw pnIrI bIjx leI sB qoN au~qm smW hY [ iek eykV
dI pnIrI iqAwr krn leI 400 gRwm bIj kwPI hY [
Kyq ivc 15 g`fy glI sVI rUVI dI Kwd jW kMpwizt imlwE [ hux 8 mItr 1.25 mItr
Akwr jW loV Anuswr iksy vI Akwr dIAW ikAwrIAW bxwE [ ieho ijhIAW 8 ikAwrIAW
ivc bIjI pnIrI iek eykV leI kwPI huMdI hY [ ikAwrI dy duAwly iek KwlI bxw lE qW ik
isMcweI kIqI jw sky Aqy loV pYx qy pwxI dw inkws kIqw jw sky[ hr ikAwrI ivc 80 gRwm
XUrIAw Aqy 150 gRwm isMgl supr&ws&yt pw ky cMgI qrHW auprlI im`tI ivc imlw idE [
hr ikAwrI ivc 50 gRwm sw& bIj bIjo [ hux bIj nUM rUVI dI Kwd Aqy im`tI dy imSrx nwl
F`k idE[ ibjweI qoN qurMq ipCoN PuAwry nwl pwxI dy idE [ bIj au~gx qoN 15 idnW ipCoN hr
ikAwrI ivc 55 gRwm XUrIAw pwE [ jykr pOdy dw vwDw TIk nw hovy qW pRqI ikAwrI 55 gRwm
XUrIAw hor, iek mhIny ipCoN pwE[ 60 qoN 70 idnW ipCoN pnIrI pu`t ky lwaux leI iqAwr ho
jwvygI [ pnIrI nUM pwxI idMdy rho Aqy ndInW qoN mukq r`Ko [ pnIrI pu`tx qoN iek idn pihlW
hlkw ijhw pwxI dy idE [
pnIrI lwaux dw smW qy FMg : 60 qoN 70 idnW dI pnIrI nvMbr ivc pu`t ky lw idE [
kqwr qoN kqwr ivc 60 sYNtImItr Aqy bUitAW ivckwr 30 sYNtImItr dw &wslw r`Ko [
KwdW : zmIn dI iksm Anuswr 25 iklo nweItRojn (55 iklo XUrIAw) 2 jW 3 ikSqW ivc
pwE [ jykr &ws&ors dI Gwt hovy qW im`tI prK dy AwDwr qy pwE [
gofI qy ndInW dI rokQwm : ndInW qoN mukq r`Kx leI do jW iqMn gofIAW phIey vwlI suDrI
iqRPwlI nwl kwPI hn [
isMcweI : &sl nUM SurU ivc hlky hlky pwxI lgwqwr idMdy rho qW ik pOdy cMgI qrHW c`l
pYx [ &sl dy vwDy smyN zmIn ivc kwPI nmI hoxI cwhIdI hY, Kws qOr qy SwKW Pu`tx Aqy Pu`l
pYx smyN [
vwFI qy ghweI : meI dy pihly h&qy &sl k`tx leI iqAwr ho jWdI hY [ jdoN C`qrIAW dw
rMg hry qoN hlkw pIlw ho jwvy qW &sl k`t lE [ ipCyqI ktweI kwrn bIj ikr jWdy hn [
&sl dI ktweI svyr vyly kro Aqy qurMq ipCoN ghweI leI lY jwE qW ik bIj nw ikrn [
JwV : AOsq 4-5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV JwV pRwpq kIqw jw skdw hY [
mMfIkrn : ies &sl dI bhuqwq mMfIkrn leI sm`isAw pYdw kr skdI hY, ies krky
ieh zrUrI hY ik ibjweI qoN pihlW iksy dvweI bxwaux vwlI kMpnI jW drwmdkwr nwl
sMprk kr ilAw jwvy [

98
 myQy

myQw &lIdwr pOdw hY [ ies dy bIj mswly dy qOr qy vrqy jWdy hn [ ies dy bIj Kwxy nUM
pOSitk hI nhIN sgoN zwiekydwr vI bxwauNdy hn [ ies dy hry bUitAW dI BurjI vI bxweI jWdI
hY [
mOsm : ieh srd ru`q dI &sl hY [ ieh kwPI h`d q`k TMF Aqy kory nUM shwr lYNdw hY [
ieh &sl syNjU hwlqW ivc bhuq cMgI qrHW pYdw kIqI jw skdI hY Aqy drimAwnI vrKw vwly
ielwikAW ivc brwnI hwlq ivc vI bIjI jw skdI hY [
zmIn : ieh &sl lgBg hr qrHW dI zmIn ivc ho skdI hY isrP lUxIAW, KwrIAW Aqy
sym vwlIAW zmInW ies dI kwSq leI Xog nhIN huMdIAW [ cMgy inkws vwlI mYrw zmIn ies dI
kwSq leI vDyry FukvIN hY [
&sl c`kr : myiQAW nUM swauxI dIAW &slW ijvyN ik Jonw, m`kI, mUMgI, mWh Aqy cwry
vwlIAW &slW qoN bwAd bIijAw jw skdw hY [
au~nq iksm
AYm AYl 150 (1995) : ies iksm dy bUty KVHvyN Aqy p`qy gUVHy hry rMg dy huMdy hn [ ieh
iksm ic`tw rog Aqy qxw glx dI ibmwrI nUM kwPI h`d q`k sihx dI smrQw r`KdI hY[
ies nUM &lIAW izAwdw lgdIAW hn [ ies dy bIj cmkdwr pIly Aqy moty huMdy hn[ ies
dy dwixAW dw AOsqn JwV 6.5 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ iesnUM hry cwry vwsqy vI bIijAw jw
skdw hY [
kwSq dy FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : ibjweI qoN pihlW zmIn nUM 2-3 vwr vwh ky suhwgw lwauxw cwhIdw hY,
Kyq ndInW Aqy mu`FW qoN rihq hoxw cwhIdw hY[
ibjweI dw smW Aqy FMg : ies dI ibjweI AkqUbr dy AKIr qoN nvMbr dy pihly hPqy
iv`c kIqI jw skdI hY [ ie`k eykV dI ibjweI vwsqy 12 iklo bIj kwPI huMdw hY [ bIj nUM 22.5
sYNtImItr iv`Q qy kqwrW ivc 3-4 sYNtImItr fUMGw bIjxw cwhIdw hY [
KwdW : ibjweI smyN 5 iklo nweItRojn (11 iklo XUrIAw) Aqy 8 iklo PwsPors (50 iklo
isMgl suprPwsPyt) pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl por idau [
isMcweI : &sl dy cMgy jMm leI ibjweI qoN pihlW isMcweI krnI jrUrI hY [ &sl nUM p`kx
q`k 3-4 isMcweIAW dI loV huMdI hY [
ndInW dI rokQwm : &sl nUM ndInW qoN rihq r`Kx leI iek-do gofIAW kw&I hn [
ktweI Aqy JVweI : ApRYl dy AKIr ivc, jdoN ies dIAW &lIAW dw rMg hry qoN pIlw ho
jwvy qW &sl dI ktweI kr lYxI cwhIdI hY [ ktweI ivc dyrI krn qy dwxy ikrny SurU ho jWdy
hn[ ies dw AOsq JwV 6 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [

99
pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy
cypy dw hmlw ies &sl nUM kwPI nukswn krdw hY [ cypy dI rokQwm leI 250 imlIiltr
mYlwQIAwn 50 eI sI jW 150 imlIiltr rogr 30 eI sI jW mYtwisstwks 25 eI sI pRqI
eykV dy ihswb 80-100 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky iCVkwA kro [
A) ibmwrIAW
kdy kdy &sl qy ictoN, pIly D`by Aqy kuMgI dw hmlw huMdw hY [ ictoN dI rokQwm leI kYrwQyn
40 eI sI 0.05-0.1 pRqISq jW GulxSIl gMDk 0.25 pRqISq dy ihswb iCVkwA kro [ kuMgI
Aqy pIly D`by dy rog dI rokQwm leI ieMfoiPl AYm-45, 0.25 pRqISq iCVkwA kro [ loV
muqwbk 10 idnW dy Prk qy spryA krdy rihxw cwhIdw hY[

jpwnI pudInw (mYNQw)

pMjwb iv`c ies &sl hyT qkrIbn 15000 hYktr rkbw hy [ ies dw qyl dvweIAW,
KuSbUdwr qyl, hwr-iSMgwr dw swmwn Awid bnwaux dy kMm AwauNdw hY [
mOsm : ies dI kwSq pMjwb dy swry syNjU rkby iv`c kIqI jw skdI hY [ ies dy vwDy leI
&sl dy smyN dOrwn 200-250 sYNtImItr bwrS Aqy cmkdI Du`p vwly idn zrUrI hn [
zmIn : cMgy jl inkws vwlIAW ryqlI mYrw qoN mYrw zmInW jo klrwTypx Aqy sym qoN mukq
hox, bhuq FukvIAW hn [
&sl c`kr : mYNQw-AwlU, mYNQw-qorIAw, mYNQw-jvI (cwrw), mYNQw-bwsmqI, mYNQw-kxk-
m`kI-AwlU, mYNQw-m`kI (Agsq), mYNQw-m`kI-AwlU

au~nq iksmW
1. kosI (2014) : kosI ie`k vDyry JwV dyx vwlI iksm hY [ ies dI ibjweI jnvrI dy
AKIr qoN PrvrI dy A`D q`k kIqI jw skdI hY [ ies dy hry mwdy (qxw Aqy p`qy) dw AOsq
JwV 100-125 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY Aqy qyl dI mwqrw 0.6-0.7% huMdI hY [ ies iksm dI
ibjweI qoN 150 idnW bwAd ktweI krn qy hry mwdy Aqy qyl dw v`D JwV imldw hY [
2. pMjwb spIArimMt 1 : ies dw qxw twhxIdwr vwlW vwlw Aqy jwmxI hry rMg dw huMdw
hY [ ies dy p`qy lMbUqry Aqy k`ty-v`Fy huMdy hn[ ies dy Pu`l jwmxI qoN ic`ty huMdy hn [ ies dy
bUty ishqmMd Aqy Pu`l Awaux q`k AOsqn 75 sYNtImItr au~cy ho jWdy hn [ hry mwdy (qxw Aqy
p`qy) dy AwDwr qy ies iv`c 0.57 pRqISq aufxSIl qyl dI mwqrw huMdI hY [ ies dy qyl iv`c
kwrvon mu`K q`q hY [
3. rSIAn imMt : ies dw qxw hrw, vwlW vwlw, twhxIdwr Aqy is`Dw au~gx vwlw huMdw hY [
ies dy p`qy vwlW vwly Aqy ikMgrydwr huMdy hn [ ies dy Pu`l jwmxI rMg dy Aqy Awkwr iv`c Coty
huMdy hn [ Pu`l Awaux q`k bUty dI AOsqn aucweI lgpg 55 sYNtImItr ho jWdI hY [ ies iv`c
hry mwdy (qxw Aqy p`qy) dy AwDwr qy 0.57 pRqISq aufxSIl qyl dI mwqrw huMdI hY [ies dy
qyl iv`c ie`k AjIb iksm dI sugMDI hox kwrn, ies dI sugMDI audXog iv`c vDyry mMg hY [

100
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM 2-3 vwr vwh-suhwg ky mu`FW Aqy ndInW qoN rihq krky brIk
iqAwr kro [
bIj dI mwqrw Aqy soD : ies &sl dw vwDw jVW (sucker) rwhIN huMdw hY [ ie`k eykV
leI 2 kuieMtl jVW (sucker) jo ik 5 qoN 8 sYNtImItr lMmIAW hox, kw&I hn [ eynIAW jVW
A`Dy knwl QW iv`coN iml jWdIAW hn [ ibjweI qoN pihlW jVW nUM sw& pwxI nwl Do lau[ iPr
sw& jVW nUM 0.1 pRqISq kwrbNYfwizm* 50 GulxSIl dy Gol iv`c 5-10 imMtW leI fob lau [
ieh Gol iqAwr krn leI ie`k gRwm dvweI ie`k iltr pwxI dy ihswb Gol lau [ Aijhw 50
iltr dvweI vwlw Gol 40 iklo jVHW nUM ie`k vwr fobx leI kw&I hY [ pMj-ds imMtW bwAd
ieh jVW Gol iv`coN k`F lau Aqy ieqnIAW hI hor jVW ies Gol iv`c fob ky soD lau [ ies
qrHW swrIAW jVW vwrI-vwrI ies Gol iv`c fob ky soD lau [
ibjweI dw qrIkw : jVHW nUM 45 sYNtImItr iv`Q vwlIAW lweInW iv`c ie`k dUjy nwl joV ky
4-5 sYNtImItr fUMGIAW bIj idau Aqy bwAd iv`c hlkw ijhw suhwgw Pyr idau [ v`D hrw mwdw
Aqy pwxI dI bcq leI jVHW nUM 67.5 sYNtImItr cOVy bY~fW (do lweInW) qy bIjo jW jVHW nUM iKlwr
ky 60 sYNtImItr cOVIAW v`tW bxwau [ ibjweI qoN bwAd Jony dI prwlI 2.4 tn pRqI eykV dy
ihswb nwl Kyq iv`c iKlwr idau [ ibjweI ip`CoN hlkw ijhw pwxI vI idau [ puMgrIAW hoeIAW
jVW nw bIjo, ikauNik ienHW iv`coN bhuqIAW mr jWdIAW hn [
ibjweI dw smW : A`D jnvrI qoN AKIr q`k ies dI ibjweI dw sB qoN FukvW smW hY prMqU
kosI iksm dI ibjweI AKIr jnvrI qoN A`D PrvrI q`k kIqI jw skdI hY [ ijQy isMcweI
dIAW shUlqW kw&I hox, auQy ieh &sl ApRYl iv`c pnIrI rwhIN vI bIjI jw skdI hY [
rlvIN &sl bIjxw : kmwd dIAW do kqwrW ivckwr mYNQy dI ie`k kqwr bIjo [ mYNQw Aqy
kmwd &rvrI dy pihly pMdrvwVy iv`c ie`ko smyN bIjy jw skdy hn [ ies leI mYNQy dIAW ie`k
kuieMtl jVW pRqI eykV vrqo [ kmwd dI &sl nUM is&wrS kIqIAW KwdW qoN ielwvw 18 iklo
nweItRojn (39 iklo XUrIAw), 10 iklo PwsPors (62 iklo supr PwsPyt) pRqI eykV pwau [
A`DI nweItRojn Aqy pUrI PwsPors Kwd ibjweI vyly Aqy bwkI dI A`DI nweItRojn ibjweI qoN 40
idnW ip`CoN pwau [ mYNQy dw isr& ie`k hI loA lvo [
mYNQy nUM sUrjmuKI iv`c rlvIN &sl vjoN kwmXwbI nwl augwieAw jw skdw hY [ ies dy
leI sUrjmuKI nUM 120 sY.mI. 15 sYN.mI. dy &wsly qy au~qr d`Kx idSw iv`c bIjo [ ies dIAW
do lweInW ivckwr mYNQy dIAW do lweInW AKIr jnvrI iv`c bIjo [ ies rlvIN &sl leI mYNQy
dIAW 150 iklo pRqI eykV jVW vrqo [ sUrjmuKI nUM is&wrS kIqIAW KwdW qoN ielwvw 23 iklo
nweItRojn (50 iklo XUrIAw), 12 iklo &ws&ors (75 iklo supr&ws&yt) pRqI eykV pwE [ pUrI
&ws&ors Aqy A`DI nweItRojn Kwd ibjweI vyly Aqy bwkI dI A`DI nweItRojn ibjweI qoN 40
idnW ip`CoN pwE [
ipAwz nUM mYNQy iv`c rlvIN &sl vjoN augwieAw jw skdw hY [ mYNQw Aqy ipAwj A`D jnvrI
qoN A^Ir jnvrI q`k ieko smyN hI bIjy jw skdy hn [ 45 sY.mI. kqwr qoN kqwr dy &wsly iv`c
bIjI mYNQy dI &sl iv`c iek lweIn ipAwz dI bIjo Aqy ipAwzW iv`c bUty qoN bUty dw &wslw
7.5 sY.mI. r`Ko [ mYNQy dI &sl nUM is&wrS kIqIAW KwdW qoN ielwvw 13 iklo nweItRojn (29
iklo XUrIAw) 7 iklo &ws&ors (44 iklo supr&ws&yt) Aqy 7 iklo potwS (12 iklo imaUryt

101
Aw& potwS) pRqI eykV pwE [ pUrI &ws&ors Aqy potwS Aqy A`DI nweItRojn Kwd bIjweI vyly
pwE Aqy A`DI nweItRojn Kwd qkrIbn bIjweI qoN 40 idnW bwAd pwau [
KwdW : ieh &sl dysI KwdW nUM bhuq mMndI hY [ cMgI glI-sVI rUVI 10-15 tn dy ihswb
ie`k eykV iv`c pwau [
*q`q (iklo pRqI eykV) KwdW (iklo pRqI eykV)
nweItRojn PwsPors XUrIAw **fI ey pI jW suprPwsPyt
60 16 130 35 100
* ieh q`q mMfI iv`c imldIAW hor KwdW qoN vI pRwpq kIqy jw skdy hn (dyKo AMiqkw 4)[
** jy 35 iklo fI ey pI vrqI hovy qW XUrIey dI mwqrw 15 iklo Gtw idau [

swrI supr PwsPyt Kwd Aqy nweItRojn vwlI Kwd dw cOQw ih`sw ibjweI smyN firl kro[
nweItRojn vwlI Kwd cOQw ih`sw, dUsrI ikSq v`joN ibjweI qoN 40 idn bwAd pwau [ bwkI rihMdI
A`DI nweItRojn vwlI Kwd nUM do brwbr ih`isAW iv``c krky pihlI ikSq pihlI ktweI ip`CoN
qurMq Aqy dUjI 40 idnW bwAd pwau [
isMcweI : ies &sl nUM CyqI Aqy hlky pwxIAW dI loV hY [ mwrc AMq q`k ies &sl nUM
10 idnW dy vk&y qy pwxI dyNdy rho [ iPr bwrSW SurU hox q`k pMj-Cy idnW dw vk&w r`K ky
pwxI idau [
gofI Aqy ndInW dI rokQwm : &sl dI vDyry aupj leI Aqy cMgI iksm dw qyl pYdw
krn leI &sl nUM swry ndInW qoN rihq r`Kxw bhuq zrUrI hY [ &sl dy mu`Fly vwDy dOrwn,
phIey vwlI PwlI nwl gofI kIqI jw skdI hY, jW iPr &sl au~gx qoN pihlW gol 23.5 qwkq
(AOksIPlorPYn) 350 imlIiltr/300 gRwm kwrmYks 80% GulxSIl (fweIXUron) jW stONp
30 qwkq (pYNfImYQlIn) ie`k iltr pRqI eykV jW AweIsopRotXUrwn 75 GulxSIl 400 gRwm,
200 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky pRqI eykV dy ihswb iCVkwA nwl ndInW dI cMgI qrHW rokQwm
ho jWdI hY [ iCVkwA nYp-sYk pMp ijs nUM PlYt PYn jW Pl`f jY~t nozl l``gI hovy, nwl kro [
hlkIAW zmInW qy AweIsopRoton dI vrqoN nw kro [
ktweI qy JwV : &sl dI aus smyN ktweI kr lau jdoN Ajy Pu`l pYxy SurU hI hoey hox [ jykr
bUitAW dy hyTly p`qy pIly pY ky JVny SurU ho jwx qW ktweI Pu`l pYxy SurU hox qoN pihlW kr lYxI
cwhIdI hY [ bUitAW nUM zmIn qoN 6-8 sYNtImItr au~cw k`to qW jo &sl dw Putwrw cMgw hovy [ ies
dIAW do ktweIAW pihlI jUn iv`c Aqy dUsrI sqMbr iv`c leIAW jw skdIAW hn [ &sl dw
JwV 100-125 kuieMtl pRqI eykV huMdw hY [ ies iv`c 0.5 qoN 0.75% qyl huMdw hY [
mYNQy iv`coN qyl k`Fxw : &sl nUM k`tx auprMq Kyq iv`c ie`k rwq leI kumlwaux idau Aqy
bwAd iv`c Bw& vwly swdy FMg nwl kSId lwau [ keI pRweIvyt kSIdx vwly plWt vI l`gy hoey
hn [ ienHW rwhIN ikswn AwpxI &sl dw qyl kFw skdy hn [
pOd-sur`iKAw
a) kIVy
1. isauNk : ieh kIVw &sl dIAW jVHW Aqy qxy hyTly BwgW dw bhuq nukswn krdw hY [
102
ies dI rokQwm leI do iltr pRqI eykV frsbwn/rwfwr 20 eI sI (klorpweIrIPws) nUM 10
iklo im`tI iv`c cMgI qrHW imlwE [ dvweI imlI im`tI Kyq iv`c iekswr iCVkwA ky auproN
hlkw pwxI lgwE [
2. kuqrw suMfI : ieh kIVy au~g rhy bUitAW nUM zmIn dI p`Dr qoN k`t dyNdy hn [ idn vyly
ieh kIVy bUty dy mu`F nyVy luky rihMdy hn[ ies dI rokQwm leI isauNk vwlI dvweI Aqy ivDI
vrqo [
3. qylw Aqy ic`tI m`KI : ieh kIVy bUty dw rs cUsdy hn ijs nwl bUty dw vwDw TIk
nhIN huMdw Aqy qyl G`t inkldw hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI 250 imlIiltr rogr 30 eI sI
(fweImYQoeyt) jW mYtwisstwks 25 eI sI (AwksIfYmyton mIQwiel) nUM pRqI eykV dy ihswb
nwl iCVko[
4. p`qy Kwx vwly kIVy : ienHW kIiVAW dI rokQwm leI ie`k iklo syivn 50 GulxSIl
(kwrbirl) jW 800 imlIiltr eykwlks 25 eI sI (kuienlPws) dw pRqI eykV dy ihswb
spryA kro[
vwlw vwlI suMfI leI m`kI vwly kWf iv`c d`sI rokQwm dI qrkIb Apxwau [

A) ibmwrIAW
jVHW Aqy qxy dw glxw : ibmwrI vwly QwvW aupr BUry rMg dy D`by pY jWdy hn jo ik bwAd
iv`c kwly ho jWdy hn Aqy Awkwr iv`c vI v`fy ho jWdy hn [ p`qy su`k ky mr jWdy hn[ ies dI
rokQwm leI ibmwrI vwly bUty pu`t ky swV idau [ bIjx leI jVW ibmwr bUitAW qoN nw lau[
hryk swl ie`k hI Kyq iv`c mYNQw nw bIjo [ jVHW nUM bIjx qoN pihlW 0.1 pRqISq kwrbYfwizm*
(1 gRwm pRqI iltr pwxI) dy Gol iv`c 5-10 imMt leI fob lau [

103
 6. cwry dIAW &slW
pMjwb ivc ies vyly pSUAW dI igxqI lgBg 81.2 l`K hY (62.4 l`K v`fy pSU) eyny pSUAW
nUM pUrw qy cMgw cwrw dyx leI hry cwry dI vrqmwn aupj ivc coKy vwDy dI loV hY [ pMjwb
ivc ies vyly cwry dIAW &slW hyT lgBg 8.70 l`K hYktyAr rkbw hY (hwVHI ivc 3.47 l`K
hYktyAr) Aqy ies ivcoN 679 l`K tn hrw cwrw pYdw huMdw hY [ iek pSU nUM pRqI idn kyvl
29.80 iklo cwrw hI imldw hY jo ik bhuq G`t hY [ jykr iek v`fy pSU nUM 40 iklo hrw cwrw
rozwnw pwieAw jwvy qW ku`l 911 l`K tn hry cwry dI swlwnw loV hY[ hry cwry dy auqpwdn Aqy
mMg dy pwVy nUM pUrw krn leI cwirAW hyT rkbw Aqy pRqI iekweI smyN Aqy QW ivc cwry dI
aupj ivc vwDw krnw pvygw [ ieh vwDw kyvl bhu-&slI pRxwlI ApxwA ky Aqy cMgy bIjW,
KwdW Aqy pwxIAW dI pUrI vrqoN krky hI ho skygw [
du`D dyx vwly pSUAW dI Kurwk dy Krc ivc BwrI kmI kIqI jw skdI hY jykr vMf dI QW
cMgI iksm dw cwrw Swiml kIqw jwvy [ kyvl 6-7 iklo rozwnw du`D dyx vwly pSUAW nUM vMf dI
loV nhIN, sgoN inrw brsIm jW lUsx dw cwrw hI kwPI hY [ koiSS ieh krnI cwhIdI hY ik
PlIdwr Aqy ZYr PlIdwr cwry rlw imlw ky pSUAW nUM pwey jwx, ijvyN brsIm jW lUsx nUM jvI
jW m`kI qy crHI dy Acwr nwl rlw ky pwieAw jw skdw hY [ jvI nUM C`f ky bwkI swry hwVHI dy
cwirAW ivc pRotIn kw&I mwqrw ivc huMdI hY [

brsIm
brsIm dI &sl nvMbr qoN lY ky jUn dy A`D q`k bhuq pOSitk Aqy suAwdI cwry dIAW vwr
vwr ktweIAW dyx dI smrQw r`KdI hY [ ies dI kwSq 2013-14 iv`c 2.24 l~K hYktyAr
iv~c kIqI geI ijs qoN 213.3 l~K tn pYdwvwr huMdI hY Aqy ies dw AOsq JwV 38.10 tn
pRqI eykV (95.1 tn pRqI hYktyAr) irhw [
mOsm : brsIm dy au~gx Aqy vDx Pu`lx leI drimAwny qwpmwn dI loV hY bhuqI TMF jW
korw pYx nwl ies &sl dw vwDw ru`k jWdw hY [
zmIn : brsIm dI kwSq leI drimAwnIAW qoN BwrIAW zmInW bhuq cMgIAW hn [ ieh
&sl k`lr vwlI zmIn iv`c vI ho skdI hY[

au~nq iksmW
bI AYl 42 (2003) : ieh bhuq jldI vDx vwlI iksm hY qy ies dy pVsUeyN vI izAwdw
huMdy hn [ ieh iksm qxw glx dy rog nUM shwrx dI smrQw r`KdI hY [ ies ivc KurwkI q`q
bhuq izAwdw huMdy hn [ ieh jUn dy pihly h&qy q`k hrw cwrw idMdI hY [ ies dy hry cwry dw
JwV 440 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [ ies iksm dw bIj vI izAwdw bxdw hY [

104
 bI AYl 10 (1983) : ieh iek lMmw smW rihx vwlI iksm hY Aqy jUn dy A`D q`k hrw
cwrw idMdI hY [ ies dy hry cwry dw AOsq JwV 410 kuieMtl pRqI eykV huMdw hY [ ies dy bIjW
dw Akwr Cotw huMdw hY[ ieh iksm qxy dy glx dw rog shwrn dI smr`Qw r`KdI hY [ ies ivc
KurwkI q`q kwPI huMdy hn [ ieh iksm jUn dy AwKrI h&qy iv`c p`k jWdI hY[
bI AYl 1 (1977) : ies iksm dw vwDw qyz huMdw hY Aqy ies nUM pVsUeyN vI kwPI inkldy
hn [ ies qoN qkrIbn 380 kuieMtl pRqI eykV cwrw imldw hY [ ieh iksm meI dy AKIr
q`k hrw cwrw idMdI hY Aqy jUn dy pihly h&qy q`k p`k jWdI hY [ ies dy bIj gUVHy pIly, moty
Aqy idl iKcHvyN huMdy hn [
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM cMgI qrHW iqAwr krn leI iqMn vwr vwho Aqy hr vwhI bwAd
suhwgw Pyro [ &sl bIjx qoN pihlW Kyq nUM cMgI qrHW p`Drw Aqy Gwh PUs qoN mukq kr lE [
ibjweI dw smW : sqMbr dy AwKrI hPqy qoN lY ky AkqUbr dy pihly hPqy q`k bIjx nwl
brsIm dw v`D cwrw ilAw jw skdw hY[
brsIm dw tIkw : brsIm jykr nvyN KyqW ivc bIjxw hovy qW brsIm dy bIj nUM tIkw
lwauxw bhuq zrUrI hY, ikauNik brsIm dI &sl leI ^ws iksm dy bYktIrIAw dI loV huMdI
hY, ijhVy brsIm dy tIky qoN pRwpq ho jWdy hn [ brsIm dw tIkw mweIkrobwieElojI ivBwg,
pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw pwsoN KrIidAw jw skdw hY [ ie`k eykV dy bIj
nUM G`t qoN G`t pwxI nwl iBauN lau [ tIky dw ie`k pYkt ies iB`jy hoey bIj nwl cMgI qrHW rlw
idau[ ieh kMm p`ky sw& &rS/qrpwl aupr kro[ iPr bIj CW ivc sukw lau Aqy ausy idn (jy
ho sky qW Swm vyl)y iC`tw KVy pwxI iv`c idE qW jo sUrj dI Du`p nwl tIky dw Asr jwieAw
nw ho jwvy[
bIj dI mwqrw Aqy bIjx dw FMg : iek eykV leI 8 qoN 10 iklo bIj vrqo [ ibjweI KVHy
pwxI ivc C`ty nwl kIqI jw skdI hY [ bIj dw C`tw dyx smyN SWq mOsm hoxw cwhIdw hY [ jykr
hvw cldI hovy qW su`ky Kyq ivc bIj dw C`tw idE Aqy bwAd ivc Cwpw Pyr ky pwxI lw idE[
brsIm dw bIj kwSnI dy bIj qoN rihq hoxw cwhIdw hY [ brsIm dy bIj nUM pwxI ivc fobo,
kwSnI dw bIj aupr qr Awvygw, ies nUM CwnxI nwl v`K kr lE [
vDyry Aqy cMgw cwrw lYx leI brsIm dy pUry bIj ivc 750 gRwm srHoN dw bIj imlw ky
bIjo[ brsIm ivc jvI rlw ky bIjxI cMgI hY[ ies qrHW krn smyN brsIm dw pUrw bIj Aqy
jvI dw bIj A`Dw vrqo[ Aijhw cwrw bIjx smyN pihlW jvI dw bIj iKlwr ky hl nwl zmIn
ivc imlw id`qw jWdw hY qy bwAd ivc isMcweI krky brsIm dy bIj dw C`tw KVHy pwxI ivc dy
id`qw jWdw hY [
brsIm ivc jdoN rweI Gwh rlw ky bIjIey qW ieh iek bhuq guxkwrI imSrx cwrw bx
jWdw hY [ ies imSrx cwry dw bhuqw JwV lYx leI rweI Gwh dw 2-3 iklo Aqy brsIm dw
8-10 iklo bIj pRqI eykV pwE jW rweI Gwh dw 1 iklo bIj pRqI eykV dy ihswb brsIm+jvI
jW brsIm+srHoN dy bIj dI is&wrS kIqI mwqrw ivc rlwE [ rweI Gwh dy bIj nUM v`qr vwlI
im`tI ivc imlw ky iekswr C`tw idE qy bwAd ivc brsIm dw C`tw dy ky ryk Pyr ky Kyq nUM
pwxI lw idE [

105
 KwdW : ibjweI smyN 6 tn rUVI dI Kwd Aqy 20 iklo PwsPors q`q (125 iklo suprPwsPyt)
pRqI eykV dy ihswb vrqo [ jykr dysI rUVI dI vrqoN nw kIqI geI hovy qW 10 iklo nweItRojn
q`q (22 iklo XUrIAw Aqy 30 iklo PwsPors q`q (185 iklo suprPwsPyt) pRqI eykV vrqo[
suprPwsPyt Kwd dI vrqoN nwl kuJ mwqrw ivc slPr q`q vI zmIn nUM iml jWdw hY [
ij`Qy brsIm ivc rweI Gwh imlw ky bIijAw hovy, 10 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV (22 iklo
XUrIAw Kwd) hr ktweI mgroN pwau[
mYNgnIj dI Gwt : mYNgnIz dI Gwt Awm qOr qy hlkIAW ryqlIAW zmInW ivc AwauNdI hY,
Kws krky ijQy brsIm Jony ipCoN bIijAw jwvy[ ies dIAW inSwnIAW cMgI qrHW audoN idsdIAW
hn, jdoN &sl k`tx qy hovy [ Gwt dI mu`FlI hwlq ivc brsIm dy ivckwrly qxy dy p`qy
ivckwroN slytI qoN pIly rMg dy ho ky su`k jWdy hn [ p`qy dy Awly-duAwly dw ih`sw ijs ivc
nok Aqy 1/3 ih`sw p`qy dw mu`FoN hrw rihMdw hY [ bwAd ivc p`qw swry dw swrw su`k jWdw hY Aqy
aus dw rMg gulwbI qoN BUrw ho jWdw hY Aqy p`qw CwnxI CwnxI ho jWdw hY [ ijQy ies dI Gwt
dyKI jwvy, 0.5% mYNgnIz sl&yt (iek iklo mYNgnIz slPyt 200 iltr pwxI ivc) dw Gol
Du`p vwly idn hPqy hPqy dy Prk nwl do iqMn vwr iCVko [ ieh iCVkwA ktweI krn qoN 2
hPqy bwAd kro [
ndInW dI rokQwm : keI hwlqW ivc bUeIN brsIm ivc iek mu`K ndIn hY jo &sl dy SurU
ivc vwDy ivc rukwvt pwauNdw hY [ ies nwl ies cwry dw JwV kw&I G`t jWdw hY [ ies ndIn
dI rokQwm leI bwswlIn (PlUklorwlIn 45 eI sI) 400 imlIiltr pRqI eykV dy ihswb 200
iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky ibjweI qoN pihlW cMgy iqAwr kIqy Kyq ivc iCVko (ieh duAweI isrP
bUeIN nUM hI mwrdI hY) [
ijnHW KyqW ivc ietist dI sm`isAw hovy auQy brsIm ivc rwieAw rlw ky bIjo [ rwieAw
dI &sl CyqI vDdI hY Aqy ieh ndInW nUM d`b lYNdI hY [ ij`Qy ies ndIn dI sm`isAw vDyry hovy
auQy ibjweI AkqUbr dy dUjy hPqy q`k pCyqI kro ikauNik aus vyly qwpmwn Gtx kwrn ieh
ndIn G`t au~gdw hY [
isMcweI : pihlw pwxI bhuq zrUrI hY Aqy cMgyrI &sl leI ieh pwxI CyqI hI dyxw cwhIdw
hY [ ies nwl bIj nUM au~gx ivc shwieqw imldI hY [ pihlw pwxI hlkIAW zmInW ivc 3-5
idnW ipCoN Aqy BwrIAW zmInW ivc 6-8 idnW ipCoN dyxw zrUrI hY [ ies qoN bwAd vwly pwxI
grmIAW ivc 8-10 idnW ipCoN Aqy srdIAW ivc 10-15 idnW ipCoN zmIn Aqy mOsm Anuswr
idMdy rihxw cwhIdw hY [
vwFI : pihlw lOA, ibjweI qoN qkrIbn 50 idnW ipCoN iqAwr ho jWdw hY, aus ipCoN
srdIAW ivc 40 idnW ipCoN Aqy bwAd ivc 30 idnW dy vkPy qy lOA ley jw skdy hn [
brsIm dI ktweI leI lMmy hYNfl vwly dwqry dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY, ies nwl dwqI nwl
ktweI dy mukwbly 2 qoN 3 guxw vDyry kMm mu`kdw hY [
bIj pYdw krnw : brsIm dy bIj dw JwV, &sl dI A^IrlI ktweI dy smyN Aqy aus ipCoN
bIj pYdw krn leI C`fx qy inrBr krdw hY [ ieh PYslw iksm, BUmI Aqy mOsm Anuswr kIqw
jWdw hY[ G`t nmI vwly ielwikAW ivc AwKrI lOA kuJ Agyqw Aqy vDyry nmI vwly ielwky ivc
pCyqw lau [ bI AYl 1 Aqy bI AYl 10 iksmW nUM bIj leI C`fx dw FukvW smW kRmvwr ApRYl

106
dw pihlw Aqy dUjw pMdrvwVw hY [ kwSnI Aqy hor Gwh-PUs Kyq ivcoN k`F dyxw cwhIdw hY [
bI AY~l 42 iksm dw vDyry JwV lYx leI 10 ApRYl q`k k`t ky bIj leI C`f dyxw cwhIdw hY[
kwSnI Aqy hor Gwh-PUs Kyq ivcoN k`F dyxw cwhIdw hY [ &sl nUM bIj pYx qy p`kx vyly QoVyH
smyN ipCoN isMjdy rihxw cwhIdw hY [
bIj leI brsIm jnvrI dy pihly pMdrHvwVy q`k vI bIijAw jw skdw hY [ ies ipCyqI
bIjI &sl qoN do lOA lYx ipCoN aupr d`sy Anuswr bIj leI C`f dyxI cwhIdI hY [ pCyqI ibjweI
leI kwSq dy FMg, vyly isr ibjweI vwly hI hn [ bIj dw AOsq JwV qkrIbn 2 kuieMtl pRqI
eykV inkl AwauNdw hY [
bIj leI brsIm dI ibjweI bwsmqI dI ktweI qoN ipCoN A^Ir nvMbr ivc vI kIqI jw
skdI hY [ ies qrHW hry cwry dIAW iqMn ktweIAW lYx ipCoN &sl nUM bIj leI C`f id`qw jWdw
hY [
pOd sur`iKAw :
a) kIVy :
1. kwly kIVy : ieh kIVy, jdoN bIj au~gdw hY, cu`k ky lY jWdy hn[ kIiVAW dy BOx nSt
kr idau [
2. B`bU ku`qw : ieh brsIm dI &sl qy, mOsm iv`c do vwr hmlw krdw hY [ sqMbr-AkqUbr
ivc ies dy lwrvy SurU ivc hI &sl dw bhuq nukswn krdy hn ijs krky ikswnW nUM ies
dI ibjweI dubwrw krnI pYNdI hY [ mwrc-ApRYl ivc ieh &sl dy p`qy Kw ky bhuq hI nukswn
krdw hY [ guq pu`txw, bwQU, BMg, jMglI pwlk Aqy jMglI irMf vrgy ndInW au~qy B`bU ku`qw
JuMfW ivc pldw rihMdw hY Aqy bwAd ivc ieh kIVw brsIm dI &sl qy clw jWdw hY[
ies dI rokQwm leI brsIm dI ibjweI qoN pihlW Kyq dy Awly duAwilauN, au~pr d`sy ndInW dw
nwS kr idE[
3. Gwh dw it`fw : ieh it`fw brsIm dI &sl dw meI/jUn dy mhIny bhuq nukswn krdw
hY[ ies smyN ivc it`ifAW dI igxqI (90%) dUjIAW &slW qoN brsIm dI &sl qy Aw DmkdI
hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI 500 imlIiltr mYlwQIAwn 50 qwkq dvweI pRqI eykV dy ihswb
80-100 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky iCVkxI cwhIdI hY [ cwry vwly brsIm ivc kyvl mYlwQIAwn
dvweI hI iCVkxI cwhIdI hY Aqy dvweI iCVkx qoN s`q idn bwAd hI cwrw fMgrW nUM pwauxw
cwhIdw hY[
4. CoilAW dI suMfI : ieh bIj vwlI &sl dw bhuq nukswn krdI hY Aqy bx rhy dwxy Kw
jWdI hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI jdoN Pu`l pYxy SurU ho jwx, 50 imlIiltr klorAYNtrwnIlIprol*
18.5 AYs sI jW 200 imlIiltr ieMfokswkwrb 15.8 eI sI jW 60 imlIiltr trysr
(sipnosYf 48 AYs sI) pRqI eykV 80-100 iltr pwxI iv`c pw ky iCVkwA kro [ loV pYx qy
ieh iCVkwA 10 idnW ipCoN dubwrw kro [
swvDwnIAW :
• ieh iCVkwA Swm vyly kro jdoN pRwgx ikirAw vwly kIVy Kyq ivc G`t igxqI ivc
hox[

107
• brsIm dI bIj vwlI &sl nUM tmwtr, Coly, pCyqI kxk, s`TI mUMgI, s`Ty mWh Aqy sUrjmuKI
dI &sl dy nyVy bIjx qoN gurz
y kro[ ienHW &slW qy ieh suMfI v`D-Pu`l ky bwAd ivc brsIm
dI pkwvIN &sl qy Aw jWdI hY Aqy nukswn krdI hY [ jykr ieh nw ho sky qW au~pr
ilKIAW nyVy bIjIAW geIAW &slW qy suMfI dI rokQwm cMgI qrHW is&wrS kIqy kItnwSkW
nwl kro[
• jdoN motr vwly pMp nwl iCVkwA krnw hovy qW kItnwSk dI imkdwr auqnI hI vrqo pr
pwxI 40 iltr vrqo[
5. kufM mwr hrI suMfI : ieh bhu-&slI kIVw hry rMg dw huMdw hY Aqy mwrc-ApRYl ivc
brsIm dw kw&I nukswn krdw hY [ ies dIAW suMfIAW p`iqAW ivc gol Cyk kr idMdIAW hn[
keI vwrI swry bUitAW dy p`qy Kw jWdIAW hn [
rokQwm : mwrc-ApRYl ivc cwry dI ktweI 30 idnW dy vkPy qy kro qW ik &sl Fih nw
jwvy [ ies qrHW krn nwl kIVy dw vwDw G`t huMdw hY Aqy pMCI ies dIAW suMfIAW nUM AswnI nwl
Kw lYNdy hn [

A) ibmwrIAW
qxy dw glxw : ieh rog au~lI krky huMdw hY [ ieh au~lI zmIn ivcoN qxy dy Q`ly vwly ih`sy
au~pr hmlw krdI hY [ ijs kwrn qxw gl jWdw hY [ ieh au~lI ic`ty rMg vrgw jwlw bxw
lYNdI hY, jo zmIn qy pey m`lV
H au~pr vDdI hY Aqy dUroN hI pihcwxI jw skdI hY[ ibmwrI vwly
Kyq nUM grmIAW ivc BrvW pwxI idau qW ik zmIn ivc au~lI dy kx nSt ho jwx [ jykr
iPr vI &sl nUM ibmwrI l`g jwvy qW &sl k`tx ipCoN Kyq nUM Du`p l`gx idau Aqy bwivstn*/
fYrosl*/AYgrozIm*/jy ky stIn* 400 gRwm 200 iltr pwxI ivc pRqI eykV dy ihswb Gol ky
pihly lOA qoN qurMq ipCoN iek vwrI iCVko [ burI qrHW ibmwrI dy h`ly vwly Kyq ivc 3-4 swl
brsIm dI &sl nw bIjo [

p`qy lwl hox qoN rokx leI zrUrI nukqy

• ijQy itaUbvY~lW dw pwxI isMcweI Xog nw hovy, auQy brsIm nw bIjo[
• ibjweI qoN pihlW bIj nUM rweIzobIAm dw tIkw lwau [
• cMgI qrHW glI hoeI rUVI dI Kwd vrqo [
• kIiVAW qy ibmwrIAW dI rokQwm is&wrS kIqIAW zihrW nwl kro [

S&ql

S&ql, ijsnUM Awm krky Ctwlw jW BUkl AwKdy hn, bhuq pOSitk &lIdwr (jVHW ivc
gMFW vwlw) cwrw hY [ ieh cwrw bhuq kUlw hox krky hr pRkwr dy pSUAW leI mnBwauNdw cwrw
hY [
mOsm : S&ql dy au~gx Aqy vDx Pu`lx leI drimAwny qwpmwn dI loV hY [
zmIn : ies dI kwSq leI drimAwnI qoN BwrIAW zmInW bhuq cMgIAW hn [
108
au~nq iksm
S&ql-69 (1994) : ies dy p`qy gol Aqy Pu`l hlky gulwbI rMg dy huMdy hn [ ies nUM qxw
glx dw rog bhuq G`t l`gdw hY [ ies krky ies iksm nUM aunHW KyqW ivc bIjx dI is&wrS
kIqI jWdI hY, ij~Qy brsIm nUM ieh rog lgdw hovy [ ies iksm qoN meI dy A`D q`k hrw cwrw
imldw rihMdw hY [ ies dy bIj bhuq Coty huMdy hn Aqy bIj dw rMg gUVHw pIlw hMudw hY [ k`cy bIj
hry rMg dy huMdy hn [ ies qoN AOsqn 390 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hrw cwrw iml jWdw hY [
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM iek vwrI qvIAW nwl vwho [ bwAd iv`c do vwrI trYktr nwl
hl vwho Aqy mgroN suhwgw Pyro [
ibjweI dw smW : sqMbr dy AwKrI hPqy qoN lY ky AkqUbr dy pihly hPqy q`k bIjo [
bIj dI mwqrw Aqy bIjx dw FMg : bIj 4-5 iklo pRqI eykV Kyq ivc pwxI KVHw krky
C`tw idau Aqy mgroN Cwpw Pyro, qW ik QoVHI ijhI im`tI dI qih bIj qy Aw jwvy [ su`kI zmIn
ivc cMgI qrHW iqAwrI krky, bIj dw C`tw idau, bwAd ivc ryk nwl bIj rlwau Aqy mgroN
ausy vkq pwxI idau [ vDyry Aqy cMgw cwrw lYx leI S&ql dy pUry bIj ivc 500 gRwm sroHN dw
bIj imlw ky bIjo [ S&ql ivc jvI rlw ky bIjx leI, S&ql dw pUrw bIj Aqy jvI dw 12
iklo bIj vrqo [ Aijhw cwrw bIjx leI pihlW jvI dy bIj dw C`tw id`qw jWdw hY Aqy mgroN
hl nwl zmIn iv`c imlw id`qw jWdw hY, bwAd iv`c S&ql dw C`tw dyx mgroN ryk nwl bIj
rlw ky pwxI idau [ S&ql+rweI Gwh iek`Ty bIj ky bhuq vDIAw cwrw bxdw hY [ vDyry JwV
lYx leI rweI Gwh dw 2 iklo Aqy S&ql dw 4-5 iklo bIj pRqI eykV pwE jW rweI Gwh dw
iek iklo bIj pRqI eykV dy ihswb s&ql+jvI jW s&ql+srHoN dI is&wrS kIqI mwqrw ivc
rlwau [ rweI Gwh dy bIj nUM ig`lI im`tI ivc rlw ky iekswr C`tw idau [ ies qoN ipCoN S&ql
dy bIj dw C`tw idau, ryk nwl bIj rlw ky qurMq pwxI lw idau [
KwdW : ibjweI smyN 5 iklo nweItRojn (11 iklo XUrIAw) Aqy 20 iklo &wsPors q`q (125
iklo isMgl suprPwsPyt) pwau [ ijQy S&ql ivc rweI Gwh bIijAw igAw hovy, aunHW KyqW ivc
hr lOA ipCoN 5 iklo nweItRojn (11 iklo XUrIAw) pRqI eykV dy ihswb pwau [
isMcweI : pihlw pwxI hlkIAW zmInW ivc 3-5 idnW ipCoN Aqy BwrIAW zmInW ivc 6-8
idnW ipCoN idau [ ies qoN bwAd vwly pwxI grmIAW ivc 8-10 idnW ipCoN Aqy srdIAW ivc
10-15 idnW ipCoN zmIn Aqy mOsm Anuswr idMdy rihxw cwhIdw hY [
ktweI : pihlI ktweI, ibjweI qoN qkrIbn 55 idnW ipCoN iqAwr ho jWdI hY, aus ipCoN
30 idnW dy vkPy qy lOA ley jw skdy hn [
pSUAW nUM KLwauxw : ies &lIdwr cwry ivc pRotIn dI mwqrw 21 pRqISq huMdI hY [ ijs
kwrn iesnUM iek`lw Klwaux nwl pSUAW nUM mok l`g skdI hY [ ies leI ies ivc su`ky pdwrQ
dy ADwr qy brwbr dI qUVI rlw ky pwaux dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [
bIj pYdw krnw : S&ql dy cwry dI AKIrlI ktweI A`D mwrc ivc lY ky bIj leI C`fo [
jykr koeI ndIn (vwDU Gwh PUs) Kyq ivc nzr Awvy qW aunHW nUM pu`t idau [ bIj leI S&ql
jnvrI dy pihly pMdrvwVy q`k vI bIijAw jw skdw hY [ ies ipCyqI bIjI &sl qoN iek lOA

109
lYx ipCoN A`D mwrc iv`c bIj leI C`fo [ bIj dw AOsqn JwV qkrIbn 2-3 kuieMtl pRqI
eykV inkl AwauNdw hY [
pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy
keI vwr B`bU ku`qw AkqUbr dy mhIny Aqy Pyr mwrc-ApRYl ivc ies &sl qy hmlw krdw
hY [ hrI suMfI S&ql dy p`iqAW ivc pihlW gol glIAW krdI hY Aqy Pyr mwrc-ApRYl ivc
p`qy Kw jWdI hY [ B`bU ku`qy Aqy hrI suMfI dI rokQwm auhI hY ijhVI brsIm vwsqy id`qI geI
hY[ S&ql auqy vIvl BUMfI (dsMbr qoN mwrc), qylw (PrvrI qoN mwrc) Aqy p`qy dw surMgI kIVw
(mwrc qoN ApRYl) ivc hmlw krdy hn, pr S&ql dI &sl dw izAwdw nukswn nhIN krdy [
1) CoilAW dI suMfI
ieh bIj vwlI &sl dw bhuq nukswn krdI hY Aqy bx rhy dwxy Kw jWdI hY [ ies dI
rokQwm leI brsIm dI bIj vwlI &sl leI isPwrS kIqIAW zihrW dI vrqoN kro [
A) ibmwrIAW
(1) pIly D`ibAW dw rog : ieh ibmwrI jnvrI ivc is`lH vwlIAW hwlqW ivc l`gdI hY[
auprly p`iqAW dy hyTly pwsy hlky slytI rMg dI au~lI l`g jWdI hY Aqy auqlw pwsw pIlw ho
jWdw hY [ pUrI qrHW ibmwrI vwly bUitAW dy p`qy muV jWdy hn Aqy su`k jWdy hn[ bUitAW dw
vDxw ruk jWdw hY [
(2) kuMgI : ieh ibmwrI &rvrI dy mhIny ivc lwl rMg dIAW iPxsIAW vWg, bUty dy hry
ih`isAW qoN SurU huMdI hY [ pUrI qrHW ibmwr bUty su`k ky if`g pYNdy hn Aqy &sl dw vwDw ruk
jWdw hY [ ieh ibmwrI bIj vwlI &sl qy izAwdw AwauNdI hY [ ies ibmwrI dI rokQwm leI
hmySw rog rihq &sl qoN pYdw kIqw bIj vrqo [ KyqW nUM izAwdw pwxI nw idau [ &sl nUM bhuqI
nweItRojn Kwd nw pwau [ &sl dIAW ktweIAW lYx ivc dyrI nw kro [

lUsx

lUsx iek &lIdwr (jVHW ivc gMFW vwlI) &sl hY Aqy ies dw cwrw hr pRkwr dy pSUAW
leI mnBwauNdw hY [ lUsx dI &sl zmIn nUM suDwrn ivc mdd vI krdI hY [
mOsm : lUsx dI &sl pMjwb dy KuSk syNjU ielwikAW ivc bhuq cMgI huMdI hY [
zmIn : ies &sl leI cMgy jl inkws vwlI fUMGI mYrw zmIn bhuq cMgI hY [ ieh &sl
sym jW k`lr vwlIAW zmInW ivc nhIN ho skdI [
au~nq iksm
AYl AYl kMpwizt 5 (1982) : ieh ie`k au~cI, is`DI, ie`k swlI Aqy CyqI v`Dx vwlI
iksm hY [ ies dy p`qy cOVy, gUVHy hry rMg dy Aqy Pu`l jwmnI huMdy hn[ ies dy bIj moty huMdy hn[
ies nUM pIly D`ibAW dw rog nhIN l`gdw [ ies qoN julweI dy pihly hPqy q`k lOA ley jw skdy
hn Aqy ieh 280 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hrw cwrw idMdI hY[
110
kwSq dy au~nq FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM pihlI vwr ifskW nwl vwho, bwAd ivc iqMn vwr kltIvytr
nwl vwho Aqy hr vhweI ipCoN suhwgw Pyro[
bIj dI mwqrw, ibjweI dw FMg Aqy smW : lUsx dI ibjweI leI A`D AkqUbr sB qoN cMgw
smW hY [ por jW fir`l nwl 6-8 iklo pRqI eykV bIj vrqo [ lweInW ivckwr Pwslw 30
sYNtImItr r`Ko Aqy bIj cMgI v`qr ivc 2-4 sYNtImItr fUMGw bIjo [ bIj ndInW qoN mukq
hovy[
lUsx dy cwry dw cMgw JwV lYx leI Kws krky pihlI ktweI vyly lUsx dI ibjweI qoN pihlW
15 iklo jvI dw bIj pRqI eykV C`ty nwl pwau Aqy aus nUM kltIvytr nwl zmIn ivc imlw
idE jW 750 gRwm sroHN dw bIj lUsx dy bIj ivc imlw ky bIj idau [
tIkw : lUsx dy bIj nUM rweIzobIAm dw tIkw lw ky bIjo [ ies nwl cwrw vDyry imldw hY
Aqy Aijhw cwrw pOSitk vI izAwdw huMdw hY [ ies mMqv leI Kws qOr qy iqAwr kIqw hoieAw
lUsx dw tIkw mweIkRobwieAwlojI ivBwg, pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw qoN
imldw hY[ lUsx nUM tIkw lwaux dw FMg brsIm vwlw hI hY [
KwdW : ds iklo nweItRojn (22 iklo XUrIAw) Aqy 32 iklo PwsPors (2 kuieMtl supr&wsPyt)
pRqI eykV ibjweI smyN pwE [
gofI : nvIN bIjI &sl nUM ibjweI qoN fyF mhInw bwAd iek gofI kr idE [ dUsrI gofI
vrKw ru`q qoN bwAd kro [ moFI &sl ivcoN loV muqwibk ndIn k`Fdy rho [
pwxI : pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN iek mhInw ip`CoN dyxw cwhIdw hY pr ies qoN bwAd vwly
pwxI 15 qoN 30 idnW dw vkPw r`K ky mOsm Anuswr idMdy rihxw cwhIdw hY [ vrKw dy idnW
ivc pwxI Kyq ivc KVHw nhIN rihx dyxw cwhIdw [
ktweI : ibjweI qoN 75 idnW bwAd &sl pihlI ktweI leI iqAwr ho jWdI hY [ bwkI
lOA 30-40 idnW bwAd ley jw skdy hn[
bIj pYdw krnw : cMgI jMmI &sl qoN cwry dI AwKrI ktweI A`D mwrc ivc lY lE [ jdoN
pUry Pu`l pY jwx qW pwxI dyxw bMd kr idE, qW ik Pulwt dw vwDw nw hovy, ies qrHW krn nwl
vDyry JwV imldw hY [ bIj pYdw krn leI &sl nUM 45 qoN 60 sYNtImItr iv`Q vwlIAW lweInW
ivc bIjo [ p`kI hoeI &sl dI ktweI ivc pCyq nhIN krnI cwhIdI, qWik bIj JV nw jwvy [
jdoN 2/3 ih`sy Pu`l p`k jwx qW ktweI kr idE [ &sl qoN AOsqn 75 qoN 100 iklo bIj pRqI
eykV iml jWdw hY[
pOd sur`iKAw : ies &sl au~qy lUsx dI suMfI, cypw (eyiPf) qy vIvl (BUMfI) hmlw krdy
hn[ ienHW dI rokQwm leI 450 gRwm syivn jW hYkswivn 50 fblXU pI jW 400 imlIiltr
mYlwQIAwn 50 qwkq nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky pRqI eykV dy ihswb iCVkwA kro[
ies &sl qy qylw vI hmlw krdw hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI 250 imlIiltr mYlwQIAwn 50
qwkq nUM 80-100 iltr pwxI ivc Gol ky pRqI eykV dy ihswb iCVko [
swvDwnI : cwry dI AglI ktweI kItnwSk iCVkx qoN do hPqy ipCoN kro [
lUsx dI BUMfI dy h`ly dI sUrq ivc ieh swvDwnI vrqxI zrUrI hY ik lUsx nUM sihjy sihjy
bgYr bhuq ihlwaux dy k`to Aqy k`ty hoey p`Ty p`lIAW ivc iek`Ty kro qW ik ienHW kIiVAW dy
111
lwrvy Kyq ivcoN bwhr k`Fy jw skx [ ApRYl qoN AkqUbr q`k BUMfIAW sPYidAW dy drKqW dy s`kW
hyT lukIAW rihMdIAW hn [ ies smyN ies kIVy nUM s`kW smyq iek`Ty krky jlw idE[
CoilAW dI suMfI vI ies &sl dw kw&I nukswn krdI hY [ ies dI rokQwm leI brsIm dI
&sl hyT d`sy ielwj kro [

jvI
ieh hwVHI dw iek cMgw cwrw hY Aqy ies dI kwSq kyvl sImq isMcweI dIAW shUlqW
vwly ielwikAW ivc hI kIqI jWdI hY [ KurwkI p`K qoN vI jvI dw nMbr brsIm qoN dUjy nMbr
qy AwauNdw hY [ ies dI kwSq 2013-14 dOrwn 0.99 l~K hYktyAr iv~c kIqI geI, ijs qoN
39.8 l~K tn pYdwvwr hoeI Aqy ies dw AOsq JwV 16 tn pRqI eykV (40 tn pRqI hYktyAr)
irhw [
mOsm : jvI nUM TMFy is`lHy mOsm dI loV hY [ ies mOsm ivc jvI vDdI Pu`ldI hY [ Pu`l pYx
smyN izAwdw grmI ies &sl dw nukswn krdI hY [ vDyry grmI nwl b`lIAW KwlI rih jWdIAW
hn Aqy dwixAW dI aupj G`t jWdI hY [
zmIn : jvI hr qrHW dIAW zmInW ivc (isvwey k`lr jW sym vwlI zmIn dy) augweI jw
skdI hY [
au~nq iksmW
E AYl 10 (2014) : ieh jvI dI do ktweIAW dyx vwlI iksm hY jo pMjwb dy syNjU
ielwikAW iv`c bIjx leI FukvIN hY [ ies dy pOdy au~cy, izAwdw bUJw mwrn vwly Aqy p`qydwr
huMdy hn[ ies iksm dy p`qy lMmy Aqy cOVy huMdy hn [ ies iv`c KurwkI q`q ijvyN ik p`cxXog
su`kw mwdw Aqy pRotIn E.AYl 9 Aqy kYNt nwloN izAwdw huMdy hn [ ies dy hry cwry dw AOsq JwV
275 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
E AYl 9 (1987) : ieh iksm pMjwb dy syNjU ielwikAW ivc bIjx leI FukvIN hY [ ieh
au~cI, is`DI vDx vwlI Aqy kw&I pqrwl vwlI iksm hY ijs qoN iek jW do ktweIAW leIAW jw
skdIAW hn[ ies dy bIj drimAwny Akwr dy huMdy hn [ ies dy hry cwry dw AOsq JwV 230
kuieMtl Aqy bIj dw AOsq JwV 7.0 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
kYNt (1986) : ieh iksm vI pMjwb dy syNjU ielwikAW ivc kwSq krn leI FukvIN hY [
ieh au~cI Aqy is`DI vDx vwlI iksm hY ijs qoN iek jW do ktweIAW leIAW jw skdIAW hn[
ies dy bIj moty huMdy hn[ ies dy hry cwry dw AOsq JwV 210 kuieMtl Aqy bIj dw AOsq JwV
8.0 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hY [
zmIn dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM iqMn vwr vwho [ hr vhweI ipCoN suhwgw Pyro Aqy Kyq nUM jVHI
bUtIAW qoN mukq kr lE [
ibjweI dw smW : AkqUbr dy dUjy h&qy qoN AKIr q`k [
bIj dI mwqrw qy bIjx dw FMg : iek eykV leI 25 iklo bIj vrqo [ ibjweI kyry jW
pory nwl kro [ isAwVW ivckwr &wslw 20 sYNtImItr r`Ko [ do pwsI ibjweI krn nwl aunHW
hI bIj vrq ky 10 qoN 15 pRqISq v`D JwV ilAw jw skdw hY [ bIj nUM vItwvYks nwl soDo[
112
iek iklo bIj ipCy iek gRwm ieh jihr vrqo [ jvI Aqy rwieAw dw imSrq cwrw lYx leI
jvI dI ibjweI aupr d`sy FMg nwl kro [ ibjweI qoN bwAd ies ivc iek iklo rwieAw pRqI
eykV dw iCtw dy ky suhwgw Pyro [ ieh imSrq cwrw ibjweI qoN 55-65 idnW bwAd ijs vyly
cwry dI QuV huMdI hY ^urwkI q`qW nwl BrpUr vDyry cwrw idMdw hY [ jvI dI dUsrI ktweI cwry jW
bIj vwsqy leI jw skdI hY [
ibnW vhweI ibjweI : jvI dI ibjweI ibnW vhwey vI zIro itl firl nwl kIqI jw skdI
hY [ ijnHW KyqW iv`c ndIn izAwdw hox au~Qy A`Dw iltr gRwmYkson 200 iltr pwxI iv`c imlw
ky iCVkx nwl bIjx qoN pihlW aunHW dI rokQwm kr skdy hW [ jvI nUM ibnW vhwey bIjx
dy keI lwB hn ijvyN ik fIzl Aqy smyN dI b`cq, vwXUmMfl dw G`t pRdUSx, pihlI isMcweI
smyN pwxI dI b`cq, ndInW dI G`t sm`isAw, pihly pwxI qoN bwAd jvI dy p`iqAW dw pIlw nw
pYxw qy jvI dw G`t if`gxw Awid [ ienHW kwrnW krky &sl JwV pUrw idMdI hY qy Krcw vI G`t
AwauNdw hY [ ienHW lwBW qoN ibnW ies FMg nwl izAwdw rkby qy jvI dI &sl dI ibjweI smyN
isr kIqI jw skdI hY[
KwdW : jvI dI iek ktweI lYx leI 15 iklo nweItRojn (33 iklo XUrIAw) Aqy 8 iklo
PwsPors (50 iklo suprPwsPyt) pRqI eykV bIjx smyN pw idE [ ibjweI qoN 30-40 idn
bwAd 15 iklo nweItRojn (33 iklo XUrIAw) pRqI eykV dy ihswb hor pwE [ do lOA dyx vwlI
jvI dI pihlI ktweI nUM iek ktweI vwsqy is&wrS kIqIAW KwdW pwau [ dUjI ktweI lYx leI
20 iklo nweItRojn (44 iklo XUrIAw) pRqI eykV jvI dy Putwry qoN bwAd pwau [
isMcweI Aqy gofI : jvI nUM rOxI smyq iqMn qoN cwr pwxI kw&I huMdy hn [ ies &sl nUM Awm
qOr qy gofI dI loV nhIN pr jy Gwh PUs izAwdw ho jwvy qW iek gofI kr dyxI cwhIdI hY [
ktweI : jvI dI iek ktweI dyx vwlI iksm goB ivc is`tw bxn qoN lY ky duDIAw dwixAW
dI hwlq ivc cwry leI k`t lYxI cwhIdI hY [ do ktweIAW dyx vwlI iksm dI pihlI ktweI
ibjweI qoN 65-70 idnW bwAd kro qy dUjI ktweI goB iv`c kro [
bIj pYdw krnw : bIj vwlI &sl nvMbr dy dUjy pMdrvwVy ivc bIjI hovy qW 8 kuieMtl pRqI
eykV q`k JwV idMdI hY [ pMdrW nvMbr qoN pihlW bIjI &sl dI 65-70 idnW dy AMdr ktweI
krky vI bIj pYdw kIqw jw skdw hY [ AijhI hwlq ivc 8 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV ktweI
qoN bwAd Putwry smyN pwE [ ieh &sl 6 kuieMtl bIj qoN ielwvw 100 kuieMtl hry cwry dI
pYdwvwr vI idMdI hY [
pOd sur`iKAw
a) kIVy :
cypw : ieh kIVw jnvrI qoN mwrc q`k hmlw krdw hY [ cypw bUitAW ivcoN rs cUsdw hY
ijs nwl cwry dI kuAwiltI G`t jWdI hY[ iSkwrI BUMfIAW qy m`KIAW Aqy Bwry mINh cypy dy vwDy
nUM rokx ivc shweI huMdy hn [ cwry dI &sl auqy iksy zihr dw iCVkwA nw kro ikauNik ies
qrHW krn nwl pSUAW dw nukswn ho skdw hY Aqy lwBdwiek kIVy vI mr jWdy hn [

A) ibmwrIAW
1. bMd kWigAwrI : ieh rog dwixAW nUM pUrn qOr qy nSt kr idMdw hY Aqy ienHW dI QW
kwly rMg dw DUVw bx jWdw hY [ ies rog dy bIj hvw ivc nhIN au~fdy sgoN dwxy vwlI GuMfI dy
113
ivc hI &sl dI ktweI q`k vlyty rihMdy hn [ &sl nUM iDAwn nwl vyK ky rogI is`ty k`F ky
swV dyxy cwhIdy hn [ bIjx qoN pihlW bIj vItwvYks nwl soD lvo [ iek iklo bIj nUM iek
gRwm vItwvYks lwE [
2. kWigAwrI : ies rog nwl jvI dy pOidAW dy is`itAW ivc rogwxU PYlwaux vwly bIj Br
jWdy hn [ bIj nUM vItwvYks nwl soDo [ iek iklo bIj ip`Cy iek gRwm vItwvYks vrqo [

rweI Gwh
rweI Gwh srdIAW dy mOsm dw 5-6 ktweIAW dyx vwlw gYr &lIdwr cwrw hY [ ieh nrm,
suAwdlw Aqy pcxSIl hY [ ies ivc pRotIn Aqy inSwsqy dI mwqrw kwPI huMdI hY [
mOsm Aqy zmIn : rweI Gwh dy au~gx Aqy vDx-Pu`lx leI drimAwny qwpmwn dI loV hY[
drimAwnIAW qoN BwrIAW zmInW ivc ies dI &sl cMgI ho jWdI hY [
au~nq iksm
pMjwb rweI Gwh nM.1 (1991) : ieh iek CyqI vDx vwlI iksm hY [ ies dw qxw Aqy
p`qy bhuq nrm huMdy hn [ ies leI pSU bhuq suAwd nwl KWdy hn[ ieh iksm nvMbr qoN meI
q`k 5-6 ktweIAW ivc 325 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hrw cwrw idMdI hY [ (ktweIAW bwry Al`g
drswieAw igAw hY)

kwSq dy FMg
zmIn dI iqAwrI : Kyq nUM p`Drw krky ies dI ibjweI krnI cwhIdI hY Aqy Kyq cMgI qrHW
iqAwr krn leI iqMn cwr vwrI vwho Aqy hr vwhI mgroN suhwgw Pyro [
ibjweI dw smW : sqMbr dy AKIrly hPqy qoN SurU AkqUbr q`k rweI Gwh bIjx dw FukvW
smW hY [ bIj vwlI &sl nvMbr q`k bIjI jw skdI hY [
bIj dI mwqrw Aqy ibjweI : 4 iklo bIj pRqI eykV dy ihswb ig`lI im`tI nwl rlw ky C`tw
idE Aqy bwAd iv`c Cwpw Pyr ky pwxI lw idau [
KwdW : Kyq iqAwr krn smyN 15-20 tn rUVI dI Kwd pRqI eykV zmIn iv`c rlwE [
ibjweI smyN 15 iklo nweItRojn (33 iklo XUrIAw) pRqI eykV dy ihswb vrqo Aqy 15 iklo
nweItRojn (33 iklo XUrIAw) ibjweI qoN 30 idnW mgroN hor pwau [ hr ktweI bwAd pihly
pwxI nwl 30 iklo nweItRojn (66 iklo XUrIAw) pRqI eykV pwauxI cwhIdI hY [
isMcweI : pihlw pwxI ibjweI qoN bwAd qurMq lwau [ dUsrw pwxI ibjweI qoN qkrIbn
4-5 idnW bwAd Aqy ies qoN mgroN 10 idnW dy vkPy mgroN pwxI zmIn Anuswr idMdy rihxw
cwhIdw hY [
ktweI : pihlI ktweI ibjweI qoN 55 idnW bwAd Aqy mgroN mhIny-mhIny dy vkPy nwl
ktweIAW AwauNdIAW hn [
bIj pYdw krnw : cwry vwlI &sl nUM A`D mwrc qoN bIj leI C`fx dw TIk smW hY [ ies smyN
vDyrw bIj lYx leI Aqy &sl nUM Fihx qoN bcwaux leI 15 iklo nweItRojn (33 iklo XUrIAw)
114
pRqI eykV pwau [ bIj bxn dy SurU ivc Aqy bIj p`kx q`k pwxI dw Kws iDAwn r`Kxw cwhIdw
hY [ bIj vwlI &sl nUM Fihx qoN bcwau[ bIj vwlI &sl 2-3 iklo bIj pRqI eykV dy ihswb
nwl 50 sYNtImItr dI iv`Q qy kqwrW ivc vI bIjI jw skdI hY [ ies dw bIj jUn dy pihly
h&qy p`k jWdw hY Aqy bIj dw AOsq JwV 2-3 kuieMtl pRqI eykV inkl AwauNdw hY[ ktweI nUM
dyrI nhIN krnI cwhIdI nhIN qW bIj ikr jWdw hY [
swvDwnI : rweI Gwh dI &sl qy iksy vI ndIn nwSk dI vrqoN nhIN krnI cwhIdI [

syNjI
ies &sl dI kwSq pwxI dI Gwt vwly ielwikAW iv`c bhuq cMgI rihMdI hY [ syNjI dI
ibjweI m`kI Aqy kpwh dIAW KVHIAW &slW ivc vI kIqI jw skdI hY [ ieh hr qrHW dy mOsm
qy qyzwbI mwdy vwlIAW zmInW nUM C`f ky hr iksm dIAW zmInW ivc ho skdI hY [

au~nq iksmW
syNjI s&Yd 76 (1977) : ies qoN qkrIbn 128 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hrw cwrw imldw hY[
ies dy Pu`l ic`ty rMg dy huMdy hn [
vweI AYs AYl 106 (1983) : ieh pIly Pu`lW vwlI Aqy CyqI vDx vwlI Agyqy mOsm dI
iksm hY [ ieh AOsqn 128 kuieMtl hrw cwrw pRqI eykV idMdI hY [

kwSq dy au~nq FMg

zmIn dI iqAwrI : kyvl iek vhweI bwAd suhwgw mwrnw kwPI hY [ kpwh qy m`kI dI KVHI
&sl ivc syNjI dI ibjweI ibnW vhweI dy kIqI jWdI hY [
ibjweI Aqy bIj dI mwqrw : vweI AYs AYl 106 iksm dy bIjx dw smW AKIr sqMbr qoN
lY ky AKIr AkqUbr q`k hY [ ies nUM m`kI Aqy kpwh dIAW &slW ivc sqMbr dy dUjy jW qIjy
hPqy ivc bIijAw jWdw hY [ syNjI sPYd 76 dI ibjweI dw FukvW smW nvMbr dw dUjw pMdrHvwVw
hY [ iek eykV leI 15 iklo iClky vwlw bIj bhuq huMdw hY [ bIj bIjx qoN pihlW fMfy nwl
ku`t lvo qW ik iClkw bIj qoN v`Krw ho jwvy [ syNjI C`ty nwl bIjI jWdI hY [ bIj nUM im`tI ivc
rlw ky ipCoN pwxI id`qw jWdw hY [
KwdW : 25 iklo PwsPors (155 iklo suprPwsPyt) pRqI eykV dy ihswb bIjx smyN pw
idau[
isMcweI : kul 2 qoN 3 pwxI kwPI huMdy hn [
ktweI : jdoN &sl nUM Pu`l pY jwx qW cwry leI k`t lvo [
bIj pYdw krnw : jy &sl qoN bIj iqAwr krnw hovy qW ausnUM cwry leI nw k`to [ syNjI dw
bIj mwrc dy AKIr ivc p`k jWdw hY Aqy lgBg 3 kuieMtl pRqI eykV inkl AwauNdw hY [
pOd sur`iKAw : ies &sl qy keI vwr lUsx dI suMfI Aqy kwly qyly dw hmlw huMdw hY [ ienHW
dI rokQwm leI lUsx ivc id`qy ielwj kro [

115
hwVHI dy cwirAW dIAW &slW iv`c KurwkI q`qW dI mwqrw (pRqISq)
cwry dw nW pRotIn (su`ky mwdy dy AwDwr qy) ku`l pcxSIl q`q (su`ky mwdy dy AwDwr qy)
brsIm 18.0 60.5
S&ql 21.0 58.5
lUsx 22.0 59.5
syNjI 18.0 62.0
jvI 9.5 64.0
rweI Gwh 16.0 63.5

cwry dw Acwr bxwauxw

cwry dIAW bhuq swrIAW &slW nUM sukw ky jW Acwr bxw ky sWiBAw jw skdw hY [ Acwr
bxwaux qoN pihlW cwry nUM 5-8 sYNtImItr kuqr lE [ hry cwry ivc G`t- o G`t 35 pRqISq su`kw
mwdw hoxw cwhIdw hY [ Pyr cMgI qrHW n`p ky ivcoN hvw k`F ky bMd kr dyxw cwhIdw hY [
cwry dw Acwr bxwaux dy keI FMg hn [ Awm pRclq FMg rwhIN kuqry hoey cwry dw Acwr
bxwaux leI ies nUM KweI jW toey ivc pw idE[ Acwr aus sKq QW qy bxwieAw jWdw hY ijQy
bwhroN pwxI iek`Tw nw ho sky Aqy nw hI irs sky [ cwry nUM auproN n`p ky hvw k`F id`qI jWdI
hY Pyr auproN plwsitk jW pOlIQIAn dI cwdr nwl F`k id`qw jWdw hY [ plwsitk dI cwdr dy
isry gohy jW im`tI nwl hvwbMd kr id`qy jWdy hn [ cwry nUM hvw bMd krn nwl Acwr cMgw bxdw
hY [ cMgy Acwr dI pI AYc (qyzwbIpx) 4.5 hud M I hY Aqy ies ivc nweItRojn q`q dw nukswn vI
G`t huMdw hY [ cMgy cwry dy Awcwr dy KurwkI q`q hry cwry vwly hI huMdy hn pr ies ivc lYkitk
AYisf izAwdw Aqy ibaUtyirk eyisf dw q`q G`t huMdw hY [

cMgI iksm dw Awcwr bxwaux leI hyTW d`sy nukqy iDAwn ivc r`Ko :
1. Acwr bxwaux vwlI KweI : pSUAW dy Fwry nyVy 10 mItr lMmI 3 mItr cOVI qy 1.5 mItr
fUMGI KweI pu`to [ ies KweI ivc 350-400 kuieMtl hrw cwrw sWiBAw jw skdw hY [ ieh
Cy-s`q pSUAW leI 4 mhIny leI kw&I hY jy hr roz hryk pSU nUM 40 iklo cwrw pwieAw
jwvy[
2. cwry dI &sl audoN k`to jdoN aus ivc pcxSIl q`q pUry hox[ ijvyN jvI dI ktweI doDy qy
AweI qy kro Aqy nypIAr doglw bwjrw jdoN iek mItr au~cw hovy [
3. &sl kuqr ky KweI ivc pw idE [ ies smyN &sl ivc 30 qoN 35% su`kw mwdw hoxw jrUrI
hY [ jykr hrw cwrw izAwdw hI pwxI nwl sMqirpq jwpy qW k`tI hoeI &sl nUM 1-2 idn
Kyq ivc hI peI rihx idau [
4. kuqrI &sl nUM KweI ivc dbwE Aqy ies nUM zmIn dI qih qoN iek mItr aupr q`k rihx
idE [

116
5. ies n`py hoey cwry nUM 10-15 sYNtImItr motI kuqrI kVb jW qUVI dI qih nwl Fk idE Aqy
au~pr gwrw pw ky ies qrHW lyp idE ik KweI pUrI hvw bMd ho jwvy [ gwry dI QW plwsitk
dI cwdr vrqI jw skdI hY Aqy cwdr dy isry gohy qy cIkxI im`tI nwl hvw bMd kr id`qy
jWdy hn [
6. iDAwn r`Ko ik gwry dI lyp ivc ikDry qryVW jW morIAW nw pYx[ jy Aijhw hovy qW ieh
CyqI bMd kr idE [ Acwr 45 idnW ivc iqAwr ho jWdw hY [
7. Acwr vrqx smyN KweI nUM iek pwisauN KolHo Aqy pRqI pSU dy ihswb 40 iklo Awcwr k`Fo[
KweI ivc bicAw cwrw jykr FikAw rhy qW ieh dyr qk vrqx nwl vI Krwb nhIN
huMdw [

sukwieAw hoieAw cwrw

pRotIn dy v`K v`K somy Aqy Anwj mihMgy hox krky duDwrU pSUAW dy rwSn ivc &lIdwr
cwirAW nUM sukw ky vrqx dI Kws mh`qqw hY ikauNik sukwey hoey &lIdwr cwry Kixj Aqy
ivtwimn qoN ielwvw pRotIn dw BrpUr somw hn [ v`K-v`K cwirAW nUM k`t ky sukwaux Aqy stor
krn dw Kws qrIkw hY [
ijnHW cwirAW dw qxw kUlw huMdw hY auh cwry hI sukwaux leI FukvyN hn ijvyN brsIm,
rvWh, lUsx Aqy rweI Gwh [ cwirAW ivc pwxI dI mwqrw Awm krky 80-90 pRqISq huMdI hY
pr sukw ky stor krn leI ienHW ivc nmI 15 pRqISq qoN G`t hoxI cwhIdI hY [ ies qrHW krn
nwl bYktIrIAw Aqy au~lI nukswn nhIN krdy [ cwry nUM sukwaux leI iesnUM Pu`l pYx qoN pihlW
k`t lau[ ies vyly ienHW ivc BrpUr pcxXog q`q huMdy hn [
hry cwry nUM sukwaux dw qrIkw
1. cwry dw 5-8 sYNtImItr Awkwr dw kuqrw kr lvo [
2. kuqry hoey cwry nUM 10-15 sYNtImItr dI qih ivc swP p`ky &rS jW gohy nwl ilpI hoeI QW
qy iKlwr ky Du`p iv`c sukw lau [
3. cwry nUM CyqI sukwaux leI ies nUM idn ivc 2-3 GMitAW ipCoN qRMglI nwl ihlwauNdy rho [
4. qwpmwn Anuswr Aqy bwr bwr hlwaux nwl ieh cwrw 3-4 idnW ivc su`k jWdw hY [
5. jdoN p`qy Burpry ho jwx qW su`ky hoey cwry nUM cu`k ky stor kr idau[
6. stor krn leI su`ky cwry ivc nmI dI pCwx ieh hY ik jykr ieh sOiKAW hI tu`t jwvy qW
smJo ieh stor krn leI iqAwr hY [ sukwey cwry nUM kup bxw ky jW qUVI vwly koTy iv`c
stor kIqw jw skdw hY [ Awm qOr qy hry cwry nUM sukwaux nwl 15-20 pRqISq Bwr Aqy
10-12 pRqISq kuAwiltI ivc Gwt AwauNdI hY [
7. 85 pRqISq suky mwdy dy AwDwr qy 10 iklo sukwieAw cwrw KuAwauxw, 35-40 iklo hrw cwrw
KuAwaux dy brwbr hY [ pSUAW nUM gYr-PlIdwr cwirAW dw Awcwr, PlIdwr su`ky cwirAW
nwl imlw ky KuAwaux nwl Awm KuAwey jWdy vMf ivc kmI kIqI jw skdI hY [

117
 7. sYlInIAm dw zihrIlwpn
Aqy ies dw ielwj
pSUAW dI ishq vwsqy sYlInIAm iek bhuq hI jrUrI q`q hY [ iek iklogRwm cwry ivc
0.05 imlIgRwm sYlInIAm dw hoxw pSUAW vwsqy bhuq hI inrxwiek hY [ jy sYlInIAm dI
mwqrw iek iklo cwry ivc 4 jW 5 imlIgRwm qoN v`D jwvy qW auh cwry pSUAW vwsqy zihrIly
smJy jWdy hn[ pSUAW ivc sYlInIAm dy zihrIlypn dI ibmwrI huiSAwrpur qy ShId Bgq
isMG ngr izilHAW dy kuJ ipMfW ivc pweI geI hY [ kxk ivc sYlInIAm dy zihrIlypn dIAW
inSwnIAW hn - brP ic`ty p`qy Aqy ienHW dy hyTly ih`isAW qy gulwbI rMg dI BwA mwrdI hY [
ijnHW zmInW ivc kxk dy bUitAW qy ieho ijhIAW inSwnIAW hn aunWH zmInW ivc augwey hoey
cwry pSUAW vwsqy bhuq hI zihrIly huMdy hn [ ieho ijhy cwry Kwx nwl keI vwr pSU mr vI jWdy
hn[ pSUAW ivc sYlInIAm dy zihrIlypn dIAW inSwnIAW hn - vDy hoey Kur Aqy aunWH ivc
qryVW Aw ky hOlI-hOlI tu`t jwxw, iClqW auqr auqr ky isMgW dw JVnw, srIr qy pUC qoN vwlW
dw JVnw, pUC dw isry qoN glxw, pSUAW dw clx qoN kMnI kqrwauxw, Bu`K nw l`gxw Aqy srIr
bhuq hI kmzor l`gxw [ mnu`KW ivc sYlInIAm dy zihrIlypn dIAW inSwnIAW hn :- isr Aqy
bwkI srIr qoN vwl JVnw, h`QW Aqy pYrHW dy nhuMAW dw ^rwb ho jwxw qy tu`t jwxw, nhuMAW ivcoN
^Un dw vgdy rihxw Aqy ishq hOlI-hOlI ^rwb ho jwxw [
ielwj :
1. koeI vI &sl jo pSUAW nUM cwry dy rUp ivc dyxI hY ausnUM 350 qoN 400 iklo ijpsm PI eykV
iek swl C`f ky pw ky augwau[
2. brsIm nwloN jvI dy cwry nUM pihl idau [
3. brsIm dw pihlw lOA pSUAW nUM nw pwau [
4. cwry vwsqy m`kI, bwjrw, juAwr Aqy ig`nI Gwh dIAW &slW nUM pihl idau [
5. vx-KyqI dr^qW ivcoN pwplr/Arjn/s&Ydw/qUq dy dr^q zmIn iv`coN sYlInIAm Gtwaux
ivc shweI huMdy hn[
6. izAwdw sYlInIAm vwly ielwky ivc isMcweI Aqy pIx vwly pwxI leI itaUbvY~l 400 Pu`t
qy lgwey jwx [
7. kxk-Jony dI bjwey kxk-m`kI &slI c`kr Apxwau [
8. zihrIlIAW zmInW ivc augwey hoey iksy vI iksm dy dwxy, Gwh jW cwry dIAW &slW nUM
mnu`KW jW pSUAW dI Kurwk ivc Swml nhIN kIqw jwxw cwhIdw [

118
 8. im`tI pr^
im`tI pr^ rwhIN KwdW dI suc`jI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY [ KwdW dI durvrqoN BUmI dI ishq
qy mwVw Asr pwauNdI hY qy &slW dw pUrw JwV vI nhIN imldw [ im`tI prK qoN swnUM zmIn dI
aupjwaU SkqI, aus dy KwrI AMg, jIvk kwrbn Aqy zrUrI q`qW dI mwqrw dw pqw l`gdw hY
ijs Anuswr KwdW dI mwqrw dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [ hwVHI dIAW &slW leI is&wrS KwdW
dI mwqrw (swrnI 1) drimAwny drzy dIAW zmInW leI hY [
swrnI 1 : v`K v`K &slW leI is&wrS kIqIAW KwdW (iklo/eykV)
&sl nweItRojn leI &ws&ors leI potwS** leI
XUrIAw supr jW fI.ey.pI.* (imaUryt Aw& potwS)
(46% n***) (16% &***) (18% n (60% p***)
(46% &)
kxk 110 155 55 20
jON 55 75 27 10
isAwlU m`kI 155 150 55 20
Coly (dysI) 15 50 20 -
Coly (kwblI) 15 100 35 -
rwieAw (syNjU) 90 75 27 -
rwieAw (brwnI) 55 50 20 -
qorIAw 55 50 20 -
sUrjmuKI (doglw) 50 75 25 20
brsIm 20 185 65 20

* 50 iklo fI.ey.pI. Kwd ip`Cy 20 iklo XUrIAw Kwd G`t pwau [

** kyvl G`t potwS vwlIAW zmInW iv`c hI pwau [
*** n = nweItRojn vwsqy, P = PwsPors vwsqy qy p = potwS vwsqy vriqAw igAw hY [
nweItRojn : im`tI pr^ pRXogSwlw iv`c nweItRojn Kwd dI is&wrS jIvk kwrbn dI mwqrw
dy AwDwr qy kIqI jWdI hY [ jIvk kwrbn dI mwqrw Anuswr zmInW nUM G`t (0.40% qoN G`t),
drimAwnIAW (0.40-0.75%) Aqy v`D (0.75% qoN v`D) nweItRojn vwlIAW SRyxIAW iv`c
vMifAw jWdw hY [ drimAwny drzy dIAW zmInW vwsqy KwdW dI is&wrS dy mukwbly, G`t drjy
vwlIAW zmInW iv`c 25 pRqISq izAwdw Aqy v`D drjy vwlIAW iv`c 25 pRqISq G`t nweItRojn
vrqx dI is&wrS kIqI geI hY [
119
 &ws&ors : zmIn ivclI &ws&ors dy AwDwr qy im`tI nUM 4 SRyxIAW iv`c vMifAw igAw hY[
ieh SRyxIAW hn : G`t (5 iklo/eykV qoN G`t), drimAwnI (5-9 iklo/eykV), v`D (9-20
iklo/eykV) Aqy bhuq izAwdw (20 iklo/eykV qoN v`D) [ G`t &ws&ors vwlIAW zmInW iv`c
drimAwnIAW zmInW leI is&wrS kIqI mwqrw qoN 25 pRqISq v`D Kwd pwau [ ies dy ault
v`D &ws&ors vwlIAW zmInW iv`c Kwd dI mwqrw 25 pRqISq Gtw idau Aqy bhuq izAwdw
&ws&ors vwlIAW zmInW iv`c &ws&ors Kwd pwaux dI iblkul hI zrUrq nhIN pr AijhIAW
zmInW nUM 2-3 swl bwAd iPr tYst krvw lYxw cwhIdw hY prMqU m`kI-kxk &slI c`kr iv`c
jy zmIn ivclI PwsPors dI mwqrw 16 iklo pRqI eykV qoN v`D hovy qW donW &slW nUM PwsPors
vwlI Kwd pwaux dI loV nhIN hY [
zmIn ivclI &ws&ors qoN ielwvw jIvk kwrbn vI &ws&ors vwlI Kwd dI imkdwr nUM
inrDwrq krdI hY [ jIvk kwrbn dy AwDwr qy is&wrS kIqI geI &ws&ors Kwd dI mwqrw
swrnI nM. 2 iv`c id`qI geI hY [ jy im`tI iv`c jIvk kwrbn 0.4-0.6 pRqISq hovy qW drimAwnI
&ws&ors vwlIAW zmInW iv`c &ws&ors Kwd dI mwqrw is&wrS kIqI imkdwr nwloN 25 pRqISq
Aqy v`D &ws&ors vwlIAW zmInW iv`c 50 pRqISq Gtw idau[ bhuq izAwdw &ws&ors vwlIAW
zmInW iv`c &ws&ors vwlI Kwd pwaux dI iblkul zrUrq nhIN hY [ jy im`tI iv`c jIvk kwrbn
0.6 pRqISq qoN izAwdw hovy Aqy &ws&ors q`q 5-9 iklo/eykV hovy qW drimAwnIAW zmInW
vwsqy is&wrS kIqI mwqrw nwloN A`DI Kwd hI pwauxI cwhIdI hY pr jy im`tI dw &ws&ors q`q
9 iklo/eykV qoN v`D hovy qW &ws&ors Kwd pwaux dI zrUrq nhIN[ ijhnW zmInW iv`c &ws&ors
5 iklo/eykV qoN G`t, jIvk mwdw BwvyN ikMnw vI hovy Aqy jy jIvk mwdw 0.4 pRqISq qoN G`t hY,
&ws&ors BwvyN ikMnw vI hovy qW is&wrS Anuswr &ws&ors Kwd dI vrqoN kro [
swrnI 2 : zmIn iv`c jIvk mwdy dy AwDwr qy drimAwnI &ws&ors vwlIAW zmInW leI
kIqI geI is&wrS dy mukwbly &ws&ors Kwd dI is&wrS
jIvk kwrbn &ws&ors SRyxI
(%) G`t (5 iklo/ drimAwnI (5-9 v`D (9-20 bhuq izAwdw (20
eykV qoN G`t) iklo/eykV) iklo/eykV) iklo/ eykV qoN v`D)
0.4 qoN G`t is&wrS nwloN is&wrS Anuswr is&wrS nwloN Kwd dI loV nhIN
25% v`D 25% G`t
0.4-0.6 is&wrS nwloN is&wrS nwloN is&wrS nwloN Kwd dI loV nhIN
25% v`D 25% G`t A`Dw
0.6 qoN v`D is&wrS nwloN is&wrS nwloN Kwd dI loV Kwd dI loV nhIN
25% v`D A`Dw nhIN
potwSIAm : jy im`tI iv`c potwS 55 iklo/eykV qoN G`t hY qW zmIn iv`c potwS dI Gwt huMdI
hY qy ienHW zmInW iv`c potwS pwaux dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [ Awm qOr qy ikswn vIr potwS
dI vrqoN nhIN krdy ijs nwl &slW qoN pUrw JwV nhIN imldw [ ies leI ieh zrUrI hY ik im`tI
dI pr^ krvw leI jwvy qW ik &slW dw pUrw JwV ilAw jw sky [ gurdwspur, huiSAwrpur,
nvW Sihr, jlMDr Aqy ropV izilHAW iv`c potwS dI kmI Awm dyKx iv`c AweI hY [

120
 sUKm q`q : GxI KyqI, &slW dIAW izAwdw JwV dyx vwlIAW iksmW dI kwSq Aqy sUKm
q`qW dI imlwvt rihq rswiexk KwdW dI lMby smyN qoN vrqoN nwl pMjwb dIAW zmInW iv`c sUKm
q`qW, Kws krky izMk, lohw Aqy mYNgnIz dI Gwt v`D rhI hY [ pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI im`tI
prK dy AwDwr qy sUKm q`qW dIAW KwdW dI is&wrS krdI hY [ jy im`tI iv`c koeI sUKm q`q
ie`k Kws mwqrw qoN G`t hovy qW &sl iv`c vI aus dI Gwt Awaux dI sMBwvnw huMdI hY [ izMk dI
Gwt vwlI zmIn (izMk 0.6 iklo/eykV qoN G`t) iv`c &sl Anuswr 10 qoN 25 iklo izMk sl&yt
pRqI eykV pwauxw cwhIdw hY [ ie`Qy ieh g`l vrnxXog hY ik &slI c`kr iv`c izMk sl&yt dI
vrqoN swauxI dI &sl iv`c izAwdw lwhyvMd hY [
mYNgnIz dI Gwt (mYNgnIz 3.5 iklo/eykV qoN G`t) Awm qOr qy aunWH ryqlIAW zmInW iv`c
AwauNdI hY ijQy 8-9 swlW qoN lgwqwr Jony dI &sl leI jw rhI hovy [ ieho ijhI hwlq iv`c
Jony qoN bwAd vwlIAW kxk jW brsIm dIAW &slW mYNgnIz dI Gwt dw iSkwr ho jWdIAW hn[
mYNgnIz dI Gwt dI pUrqI leI kxk nUM mYNgnIz sl&yt dy 0.5% Gol dy 4 iCVkwA krny
cwhIdy hn [ pihlw iCVkwA kxk nUM pihlw pwxI lwaux qoN 2-3 idn A`goN krnw cwhIdw hY
Aqy bwkI dy iCVkwA aus qoN bwAd h&qy-h&qy dy vk&y qy krny cwhIdy hn [ brsIm iv`c
ies Gol dy h&qy-h&qy dy vk&y qy 2-3 iCVkwA krny cwhIdy hn Aqy pihlw iCVkwA pihlI
ktweI qoN 2 h&qy bwAd krnw cwhIdw hY [
klrwTIAW zmInW
kwly k`lr vwlIAW jW KwrIAW (KwrI AMg 9.3 qoN v`D) : ienHW zmInW iv`c im`tI prK dy
AwDwr qy is&wrS kIqI ijpsm dI mwqrw pwauxI cwhIdI hY [ ienHW zmInW iv`c Awm zmInW
nwloN nweItRojn Kwd dI 25 pRqISq v`D mwqrw pwauxI cwhIdI hY [ ikauNik kwly k`lr vwlIAW
zmInW iv`c bIjIAW &slW iv`c Awm qOr qy izMk dI Gwt Aw jWdI hY, ies krky ienHW iv`c izMk
slPyt dI vI Awm zmInW nwloN v`D mwqrw pwaux dI loV pYNdI hY [
ic`ty k`lr, lUxIAW jW Sory vwlIAW, lUx 0.8 imlI mhos/sm qoN v`D) : ienHW zmInW iv`c
&slW qoN pUrw JwV lYx vwsqy &sl dI cox, pwxI dI suc`jI vrqoN Aqy bIjweI qoN pihlW Kyq dI
iqAwrI krn vyly Kws iDAwn r`Kx dI loV huMdI hY [ ienHW zmInW iv`c vI Awm zmInW nwloN 25
pRqISq izAwdw nweItRojn Kwd dI loV huMdI hY Aqy ienHW iv`c jYivk KwdW/hrIAW KwdW/&slW
dI rihMd-KUMhd pwauxw lwBdwiek huMdw hY [
zmIn iv`c kwSq kIqIAW &slW qoN v`D qoN v`D lwB pRwpq krn dw sunihrI AsUl iehI hY
ik KwdW sB qoN pihlW aunWH KyqW iv`c pwau ijQy q`qW dI Gwt izAwdw hovy Aqy aus qoN bwAd
drimAwnIAW zmInW iv`c [ ies qoN ielwvw ij`Qy q`qW dI mwqrw v`D hovy aunHW zmInW iv`c KwdW
dI vrqoN 25 pRqISq Gtw idau [
im`tI dw nmUnw lYx dw FMg :
&slW iv`c KwdW dI jrUrq vwsqy : zmIn dI auprlI qih ’qoN Gwh-PUs pry kr idE pr
im`tI iblkul nw ^urco [ khI jW ^urpy nwl AMgryzI dy A`Kr ‘ ’ dI Skl dw 6 ieMc fUMGw toAw
pu`to [ ies dy iek pwisEN iek ieMc im`tI dI qih auproN-Q`ly iekswr k`to [ ies qrHW dy 7-8
QwvW qoN hor im`tI dy nmUny lE [ swry nmUinAW nUM iksy sw& brqn jW k`pVy qy pw ky cMgI qrHW
imlw lE [ ies ivcoN A`Dw iklo im`tI lY lE Aqy k`pVy dI QYlI iv`c pw lE [ QYlI auqy ieh
jwxkwrI ilKo : ^yq nMbr, ikswn dw nwm, pqw, nmUnw lYx dI qrIk Awid [ im`tI dy nmUny
121
&sl k`tx qoN bwAd lYxy cwhIdy hn [ ijs zmIn dI iksm Aqy aupjwaU SkqI v`K hovy, aus
ivcoN Al`g nmUnw Brnw cwhIdw hY [
k`lr suDwr vwsqy : zmIn iv`c 3 Pu`t fUMGw toAw pu`to ijs dw iek pwsw is`Dw Aqy dUjw
iqrCw hovy [ ies toey dy is`Dy pwsy qoN ^urpy nwl 0-6, 6-12, 12-24 Aqy 24-36 ieMc dI
fUMGweI qoN iek ieMc motI im`tI dI qih auproN Q`ly Al`g-Al`g k`to [ hr fUMGweI dy nmUny nUM
k`pVy dI sw& QYlI iv`c pwE Aqy ies aupr jwxkwrI idE : Kyq nMbr, nmUny dI fUMGweI, ikswn
dw nwm, pqw, nmUnw lYx dI qrIk Awid [ hr nmUny leI Al`g-Al`g fUMGweI qoN A`Dw iklo
im`tI lE[
bwg lwaux vwsqy : Kyq dy ivcwly 6 Pu`t fUMGw toAw pu`to ijs dw iek pwsw is`Dw Aqy dUjw
iqrCw hovy [ ies toey dy is`Dy pwsy qoN Kurpy nwl 0-6, 6-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-48, 48-
60 Aqy 60-72 ieMc dI fUMGweI qoN iek ieMc motI im`tI dI qih iekswr auqwro [ hr nmUny leI
Al`g-Al`g fUMGweI qoN A`Dw iklo im`tI lE [ jy ikqy roVW dI qih hovy qW aus dw nmUnw Al`g
lY ky v`KrI QYlI iv`c pw lE [ ies bwry jwxkwrI vI ilKo ijvyN ik roVW vwlI qih dI fUMGweI
Aqy motweI[ bwkI jwxkwrI, ijvyN k`lr suDwr vwsqy QYlIAW qy id`qI hY, ausy qrHW idE[
jy im`tI ig`lI hovy qW QYlIAW iv`c pwaux qoN pihlW aus nUM CW iv`c sukw lE [

122
 9. lUxy qyy Kwry pwxIAW dI isMcweI
leI suc`jI vrqoN
pMjwb dy qkrIbn 40 pRqISq rkby ivc itaUbvY~lW nwl pRwpq kIqy zmInI pwxI ivc
nmk dI mwqrw kw&I izAwdw hY, ijsdI isMcweI leI lgwqwr vrqoN zmIn dI ishq Aqy KyqI
pYdwvwr qy mwVw Asr krdI hY [ Aijhy pwxI lUxy (sofIAm dy klorweIf jW sl&yt vwly)
jW Kwry (sofIAm dy kwrbonyt jW bweIkwrbont y vwly) huMdy hn[ kuJ pwxIAW ivc boron Aqy
PlorweIf vrgy zihrIly pdwrQ vI ho skdy hn [ ies leI ieh Aiq zrUrI hY ik itaUbvY~l
dy pwxI dI jWc im`tI pwxI prK pRXogSwlw qoN krvweI jwey qW ik ieh pqw l`g sky ik ies
ivc ikhVI Aqy ikMnI ^rwbI hY [ izAwdw mwqrw ivc lUxy Aqy Kwry pwxI dI vrqoN ^ws FMg
vrq ky kIqI jw skdI hY[ pMjwb ivc mwVy pwxI dI sm`isAw izAwdwqr v`D Kwrwpx (bwkI
sofIAm kwrbonyt jW Awr.AY~s.sI) krky hY [ ijsdI vrqoN dw FMg hyT idqy Anuswr hY:
1. XkInI jl inkws : isMcweI leI mwVy pwxI vwly ielwky ivc zmIn ivcoN jVH Kyqr
ivcly vwDU GulxSIl nmk dw Gul ky Q`ly jwxw XkInI bxwauxw qW ik ies ih`sy ivc nmk Aqy
pwxI dw sMquln TIk rih sky [ mwVy jl inkws vwly ielwikAW Aqy Q`ly s^q qih vwlIAW
zmInW ivc lMmy Arsy leI ^wry pwxI dI v`D mwqrw dw mwVw Asr cMgy jl inkws vwlIAW
zmInW dy mukwbly bhuq jldI ho jWdw hY [ ies leI Kwry pwxI dI vrqoN leI cMgw jl inkws
sB qoN pihlI zrUrq hY [ ies kMm leI zmIn auprlIAW inkws nwlIAW zmIn hyTlIAW inkws
nwlIAW bxwaux qoN ssqIAW pYNdIAW hn [
2. zmIn dI TIk pDrweI : swry Kyq ivc pwxI dI iekswr vMf leI zmIn cMgI qrHW p`Dr
hoxI cwhIdI hY [ TIk p`Dr zmIn ivcoN GulxSIl nmk Aqy pwxI iekswr jIrdy hn [ Kyq
ivc mwmUlI &rk nwl hI pwxI Aqy nmk dI vMf AswvIN ho jWdI hY [
3. hlkIAw zmInW ivc mwVw pwxI vrqo : AijhIAW zmInW ivc isMcweI nwl nmk jIrn
dI dr v`D hY [ BwrIAW zmInW ivc pwxI zIrn dI dr G`t huMdI hY Aqy pwxI sqih qy izAwdw
dyr KVHn nwl vwSpIkrn qoN bwAd lUxwpn/Kwrwpx qyzI nwl bxdw hY, ies leI mwVy pwxI
dI vrqoN hlkIAW zmInW nUM qrjIh dyxI cwhIdI hY [
4. &sl dI shI cox : v`K-v`K &slW Aqy aunWH dIAW iksmW dI nmk sihxSkqI ivc
kw&I AMqr hY [ mwVy pwxI nwl isMcweI ADIn rkby ivc AijhIAW &slW Aqy iksmW nUM hI
pihl idau jo nmk nUM sihxSIl jW ArD-sihxSIl hox ijvyN jON, kxk, srHoN, guAwrw, syNjI,
pwlk, Slgm, cukMdr, rwieAw Aqy moty Anwj [ mwVw pwxI kpwh dy jMm qy Asr krdw hY[
pr cMgy pwxI nwl rOxI krky &sl cMgI jMmdI hY [ dwlW qy Kwry Aqy lUxy pwxI dw bhuq mwVw
Asr pwauNdy hn, ies leI dwlW nUM Kwrw pwxI nw idE [ izAwdw pwxI loVn vwlIAW &slW
ijvyN Jonw, kmwd Aqy brsIm nUM Kwry pwxI nw lwE [

123
 5. ijpsm dI vrqoN : dyKx ivc AwieAw hY ik ij`Qy sofIAm bweIkwrbonyt (Awr.AY~s.
sI. izAwdw hovy) dI izAwdw mwqrw vwlw pwxI lgdw hovy aunHW zmInW dI pwxI zIrn SkqI
mwVI huMdI hY [ sofIAm dI izAwdw mwqrw iek`qr hox nwl zmIn dI bxqr ivc vI igrwvt
AwauNdI hY [ zmIn ivc hvw nhIN jw skdI Aqy pOidAW dIAW jVHW nUM pwxI Aqy ^urwkI q`qW
dI auplBqw G`t jWdI hY [ zmIn ivc izAwdw sofIAm dw mwVw Asr ijpsm dI vrqoN nwl
dUr kIqw jw skdw hY[ jdoN isMcweI vwly pwxI dI Awr.AY~s.sI 2.5 AY~m eI pRqI iltr qoN
au~pr hovy qW ijpsm dI vrqoN dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [ ijpsm dI mwqrw im`tI Aqy pwxI
pr^ pRXogSwlw qoN kFvweI jw skdI hY[ Awr.AY~s.sI. dI hr AY~m.eI. pRqI iltr ip`Cy 1.50
kuieMtl ijpsm pRqI eykV cwr isMcweIAW ipCy bxdw hY [ jykr hr isMcweI 7.5 sYN.mI. hovy qW
swrw ijpsm pihly pwxI nwl pwE [ jy zmIn pihlW hI nwks hoeI hovy qW ijpsm im`tI dI
prK dy AwDwr qy pwE[ ijpsm nUM zmIn dI auprlI qih (0-10 sYN.mI.) ivc imlw ky BrvW
pwxI lwE qW ik AglI &sl bIjx qoN pihlW GulxSIl nmk jIr jwx [
6. jIvk KwdW dI vrqoN : cUny jW roVW vwlIAW zmInW, ijnHW iv`c kYlSIAm kwrbonyt 2
pRqISq qoN izAwdw hovy Aqy Kwry pwxI nwl isMjIAW jWdIAW hn, iv`c jIvk KwdW ijvyN dysI
rUVI 8 tn pRqI eykV jW hrI Kwd jW kxk dw nwV 2.5 tn pRqI eykV hr swl pwau [
7. Kwrw Aqy cMgw pwxI iek`Tw lwE : jdoN nihrI pwxI dI Gwt hovy qW mwVw pwxI cMgy pwxI
dI kmI nUM pUrw krn leI vrqo [ mwVw Aqy cMgw pwxI iek`Tw vI vriqAw jw skdw hY jW dovyN
bdl ky vrqy jw skdy hn[ &sl dy SurU ivc cMgw pwxI Aqy bwAd ivc &sl vDx qy mwVw
pwxI vrqxw vI lwhyvMd hY[ cMgI &sl v`D Kwrypx Aqy lUxypx nUM izAwdw shwr skdI hY [
8. zmIn ivc Kwrypx Aqy lUxypx dy bxn dw iDAwn r`Ko : jd Kwrw pwxI lMby Arsy leI
vrqxw hovy qW ikswn nUM ie`k lgwqwr vkPy qy im`tI dI pr^ krw ky lUx bxn dw inrK r`Kxw
cwhIdw hY [ ies nwl zmIn dI igrwvt rokx ivc shwieqw imldI hY [
9. ipMfW iv`c C`pVW dy pwxI nwl isMcweI : C`pVW dy pwxI iv`c vI &slW dy KurwkI q`q huMdy
hn ijvyN nweItRojn, &ws&ors Aqy potwS [ pr ienHW dy nwl-nwl kYlSIAm, mYgnISIAm Aqy
sofIAm dy kwrbonyt, bweIkwrbonyt Aqy klorweIf lUx vI v`D mwqrw iv`c ho skdy hn [ ies
leI ieh pwxI vrqx qoN pihlW im`tI Aqy pwxI prK pRXogSwlw qoN prK krvw lYxw cwhIdw
hY Aqy is&wrS Anuswr isMcweI leI vrqxw cwhIdw hY [

124
 10. pOd iksm Aqy ikswn AiDkwr
sur`iKAw AYkt-2001
Bwrq iv`c Koj nUM auqSwihq krn Aqy ivSv vpwr sMsQw dy qihq 1995 iv`c “vpwr
nwl sMbMDq bOiDk sMpqI AiDkwr” ( ) sMDI dy qihq Bwrq srkwr ny pOd iksm Aqy
ikswn AiDkwr sur`iKAw AYkt 2001 pws kIqw hY [ ies AYkt nUM lwgU krn leI 2003 iv`c
kwiedw Aqy kwnUMn bxwey gey [ ies AYkt dy inXmW nUM pRBwvSwlI FMg nwl lwgU krn vwsqy
Bwrq srkwr ny 2005 iv`c pOd iksm Aqy ikswn AiDkwr sur`iKAw sMsQw bxweI hY [ ies
sMsQw iv`c ie`k muKI Aqy 15 mYNbr hn [ ies sMsQw ny AkqUbr 2006 qoN kMm krnw SurU kr
id`qw hY [ hyT iliKAw ies AYkt dw srl rUp hY ies krky ies dw aulyK iksy vI kwnUMnI
kwrvweI leI nhIN kIqw jw skdw [
AYkt dy audS
y
1. pOidAW dIAW iksmW dI sur`iKAw leI pRBwvSwlI pRxwlI pRdwn krnw [
2. ikswnW Aqy pOd pRjnx krqw nUM aunHW dy AiDkwr pRdwn krnw ijnHW ny pOd sm`grI nUM keI
swlW qoN sMBwilAw Aqy suDwirAw [
3. bIj audXog nUM pRPuilq krnw, Koj Aqy aus dy vwDy leI in`jI kMpnIAW nUM invyS leI
auqSwihq krnw [
4. ikswnW nUM suDrIAW iksmW dw vDIAw bIj Aqy pOd sm`grI muh`eIAw krvwauxw [
pOd pRjnx krqw dy AiDkwr : ies AYkt dy ADIn pRjnx krqw jW aus dw eyjMt jo nvIN
iksm dw pMjIkrx krvwauNdw hY, nUM pMjIikRq iksm nUM augwaux, vDwaux, vycx, vMfx, AXwq
Aqy inrXwq krn dw AiDkwr pRwpq huMdw hY [ auh iksy vI ikswn jW sMsQw dy iKlw& AdwlqI
kwrvweI kr skdw hY jo aus dI mnjUrI qoN ibnW aus dI pMjIikRq iksm nUM Awpxw jW pMjIikRq
nwm dy ky vyc irhw hovy jW glq iesqymwl kr irhw hovy [
Koj krqw dy AiDkwr
1. Koj krqw nUM ieh h`k pRwpq hY ik auh pMjIikRq iksm nUM Koj-kMmW leI vrq skdw hY [
2. aus nUM h`k hY ik auh pMjIikRq iksm dI vrqoN koeI nvIN iksm iqAwr krn leI kr skdw
hY [
3. pr jy auh pMjIikRq iksm dI vwr-vwr vrqoN krky vpwrk p`Dr qy koeI nvIN iksm
iqAwr krnI cwhuMdw hY, qW Koj krqw nUM pRjnx krqw qoN ies leI mnjUrI lYxI pvygI [

125
ikswn dy AiDkwr
1. ies AYkt dy ADIn ikswn nUM ieh AiDkwr hY ik auh pMjIikRq iksm dy bIj nUM vrq
skdw hY, bIj nUM BMfwr kr skdw hY, dUsry ikswnW nwl bIj dI Adlw-bdlI kr skdw
hY, AwpxI aupj nUM mMfI iv`c jW bIj dy qOr qy vyc skdw hY, pr ieh iksm nUM pMjIikRq
( ) nwm nwl nhIN vyc skdw [
2. jy pMjIikRq iksm qoN pRjnx krqw duAwrw d`sy gey Kws Kyqr iv`c cMgy nqIjy nw Awaux qW
aus sUrq iv`c ikswn muAwvjy dI mMg kr skdw hY [
3. ikswn &sl dI nvIN iksm bxw skdw hY Aqy aus nUM iek pRjnx krqw dI BWq hI pMjIikRq
krvw skdw hY [
4. ikswn nUM AwpxI pOd iksm pMjIikRq krvwaux leI iksy vI qrHW dI koeI PIs nhIN
l`gdI [
5. jo ikswn pOdw AnuvMiSk sMswDnw nUM bcwA ky r`Kdw hY, ijs qoN nvIAW iksmW bxdIAW
hn, auh ‘jIn PMf’ qoN lwB dw h`kdwr hY[
kOx pMjIkrx krvwaux leI ibnYp`qr Byj skdw hY : koeI vI ivAkqI jo pod pRjnx krqw
hox dw dwAvw krdw hY jW koeI aus dw vwrs jW auh ivAkqI ijsnUM pOd pRjnx krqw duAwrw
h`k id`qw hovy jW koeI vI ikswn jW ikswn sMsQw AwpxIAW iksmW nUM pMjIikRq krvwaux leI
ibnYp`qr Byj skdy hn [
pMjIkrx ho skx vwlIAW iksmW
1. nvIN iksm :
- auh iksm nvIN iksm dy qOr qy pMjIikRq hovygI ijs dw bIj ie`k swl q`k vyicAw nw igAw
hovy [
2. AYkstYNt vrwietI/ikswn dI AwpxI iksm :
- ijhVI bIj AYkt 1966 dy sYkSn 5 hyT pMjIikRq hovy [
- ieh iksm ikswn dy KyqW iv`c pihlW qoN hI bIjI jWdI hovy[
- ieh ikswn duAwrw Awpxy Kyq iv`c Kud iqAwr kIqI pOd iksm jW jMglI iksm vI ho
skdI hY [
3. eIsYnSIAlI frweIvf vrwietI
ieh auh iksm huMdI hY ijhVI iksy purwxI iksm qoN iqAwr kIqI jWdI hY Aqy aus iv`c
iek jW do guxw qoN ielwvw purwxI iksm dy swry gux mOjUd huMdy hn [
pMjIkrx nw ho skx vwlIAW iksmW : AijhI iksy vI iksm dw pMjIkrx nhIN kIqw jw
skdw ijhVI mnu`KI ishq jW jwnvrW jW pOidAW leI hwnIkwrk hovy jW ijs iv`c ivnwS krqw
(trmInytr) qknIk dw aupXog kIqw igAw hovy [
pMjIkrx ho skx vwlIAW &slW : pihly pVwA iv`c pOd iksm Aqy ikswn AiDkwr
sur`iKAw sMsQw ny 79 &slW dw pMjIkrx krnw SurU kr id`qw hY [ ieh &sl Jonw, kxk, m`kI,
jvwr, bwjrw, mtr, Coly, Arhr, mUMg, mWh, msr, rwjmWh, kpwh/nrmw Aqy ptsn Awid[

126
pMjIkrx krvwaux leI muFlIAW zrUrqW
1. nvWpn : pOd iksm nUM nvW audoN mMinAw jWdw hY jdoN iek swl q`k aus iksm dw bIj
vyicAw nw igAw hovy [
2. iBMnqw : pMjIkrx hox vwlI iksm pihlI pMjIikRq iksm qoN kuJ jrUrI guxw krky AwpxI
Al`g pihcwx r`KdI hovy [
3. iekswrqw : pMjIikRq iksm dy swry pOdy kuJ jrUrI guxw krky iekswr hoxy cwhIdy hn [
4. siQrqw : pMjIikRq iksm swl dr swl kuJ jrUrI guxw krky siQr nqIjy dyvy [
pMjIkrx dI imAwd : &slI iksmW dI SurU iv`c pMjIkrx dI imAwd 6 swl Aqy &ldwr
bUty, drKq Aqy vyldwr &slW dI imAwd 9 swl huMdI hY, ijsnUM bwAd iv`c bynqI krn qy
&slI iksmW leI v`D qoN v`D 15 swl Aqy &ldwr bUt,y drKq Aqy vyldwr &slW leI 18
swl q`k vDwieAw jw skdw hY [
lwzmI lwiesYNisMg : jykr ies AYkt dy ADIn sur`iKAq r`KI hoeI iksm dy pMjIkrx qoN
iqMn swl bwAd pRjnx krqw ies dw bIj loVINdI mwqrw Aqy shI mu`l qy ikswnW nUM muh`eIAw
nhIN krvwauNdw qW pOd iksm Aqy ikswn AiDkwr sur`iKAw sMsQw nUM ieh h`k hY ik auh
pMjIikRq iksm dw lwiesYNs iksy hor ivAkqI/sMsQw nUM dy skdI hY qW jo ikswnW nUM loVINdI
mwqrw Aqy shI mu`l qy bIj muh`eIAw krvwieAw jw sky [
lwB dI ih`sydwrI : jykr iksy ivAkqI duAwrw iqAwr kIqI geI pOd smgrI dw iesqymwl
iksy pMjIikRq iksm nUM iqAwr krn leI kIqw igAw hovy qW auh ivAkqI jW ivAkqI smUh
ibnYp`qr Br ky Aqy loVINdI &Is jmw krvw ky pOd iksm Aqy ikswn AiDkwr sur`iKAw sMsQw
dy kol lwB dI ih`sydwrI leI dwAvw pyS kr skdw hY [ ieh sMsQw ies sMbMD iv`c hyT ilKIAW
g`lW nUM iDAwn iv`c r`Kdy hoey Awpxw PYslw suxw skdI hY [
1. dwAvw krqw dI pOd smgrI dw pRXog pMjIikRq iksm nUM iqAwr krn leI iks h`d q`k
Aqy iks qrIky nwl kIqw igAw hY[
2. pMjIikRq iksm dI vpwrk aupXogqw Aqy bjwr iv`c aus dI mMg [
AYkt dI aulMGxw : pOd iksm Aqy ikswn AiDkwr sur`iKAw AYkt dy qihq id`qy gey
AiDkwrW dI aulMGxw mMinAw jwvygw jykr :
1. koeI vI ivAkqI jo pMjIikRq iksm dw pRjnx krqw nw hovy Aqy auh pMjIikRq iksm nUM
Asl pRjnx krqw dI AwigAw qoN ibnW vycdw hY, AXwq-inrXwq krdw hY jW aus iksm
dw bIj iqAwr krdw hY [
2. koeI vI ivAkqI pMjIikRq iksm dw nwm dy ky AwpxI iksm vycdw hY, AXwq-inrXwq
krdw hY jW bIj iqAwr krdw hY [
AYkt dI aulMGxw dw jurmwnw : jykr koeI vI ivAkqI pMjIikRq iksm nUM glq nwm idMdw
hY jW dyS dw nwm glq idMdw jW pRjnx krqw dw glq nwm Aqy pqw idMdw hY qW aus nUM 3
mhIinAW qoN lY ky 2 swl q`k jW 50 hzwr qoN lY ky 5 l`K dw jurmwnw jW dovyN sjwvW ho skdIAW
hn [ iesy qrHW jy koeI ivAkqI iksy gYr pMjIikRq iksm jW pOd sm`grI nUM pMjIikRq iksm dy

127
qOr qy pyS krdw hY qW aus nUM 6 mhIinAW qoN lY ky 3 swl q`k dI kYd jW iek l`K qoN lY ky 5
l`K dw jurmwnw jW dovyN sjwvW ho skdIAW hn [ vwr-vwr ies AYkt dI aulMGxw krn qy ie`k
swl qoN lY ky 3 swl q`k kYd jW 2 l`K qoN lY ky 20 l`K rupey q`k dw jurmwnw jW dovyN sjwvW
vI ho skdIAW hn [
not : ies AYkt dI izAwdw jwxkwrI leI pOd iksm Aqy ikswn AiDkwr sur`iKAw sMsQw
dI vY~bsweIt dyKI jw skdI hY [
ies sMsQw Aqy sMbMDq ivAkqIAW dy bwry jwxkwrI hyTW id~qI geI hY [

1. muKI
pOd iksm Aqy ikswn AiDkwr sur`iKAw sMsQw,
AYn.ey.AYs.sI. kMplYks, fI.pI.AYs. mwrg,
tofwpur ipMf dy swhmxy,
nvIN id`lI 110012

Pon nMbr : 011-25848127

PYks nMbr : 011-25840478

2. fw. vI. AYs. sohU, sInIAr vIt brIfr

plWt brIifMg Aqy jYnyitks ivBwg
pI ey XU luiDAwxw

128
 11. jYivk KyqI
jYivk KyqI iv`c iksy vI qrHW dy rswiex vrqx dI mnwhI hY Aqy ies iv`c zmIn dI
aupjwaU SkqI vDwaux Aqy PslW nUM loVINdy ^urwkI q`qW dI pUrqI leI &slI c`krW, PslW
dI rihMd-KUMhd, rUVI dI Kwd, kMpost, &lIdwr &slW Aqy hrI Kwd dI vrqoN kIqI jWdI hY
[PslW dIAW ibmwrIAW Aqy kIt pRbMD leI bwieau kItnwSkW Aqy bwiea au~lInwSkW Awid
qy inrBr krnw pYNdw hY [
jYivk KyqI dy muFly imAwr
• rswieixk KyqI qoN pUrI qrW jYivk KyqI iv`c qbdIl hox vwsqy G`to-G`t iqMn swl dw smW
cwhIdw hY Aqy ies smyN dOrwn aus zmIn au`qy swrIAW hI jYivk qknIkW vrqIAW jwxIAW
cwhIdIAW hn [
• jYivk KyqW dy duAwly b&r hoxw cwhIdw hY qW ik rswieixk KyqW qoN iksy iksm dw koeI
rswiex jYivk KyqW iv`c nw Awvy [
• bIj jYivk aupj qoN hI hoxw cwhIdw hY Aqy ies nUM iksy rswiex nwl nhIN soDxw huMdw[
jYnyitklI bdlIAW hoeIAW (jI AYm) &slW dI mnwhI hY[ jy Kws qOr ‘qy ijkr nw kIqw
hovy qW bIj dI mwqrw, Psl bIjx dw qrIkw Aqy smW Awm Psl dI qrHW hI huMdy hn [
• ndInnwSkW dI vrqoN iblkul nhIN krnI [ kwSqkwrI FMgW jW loV Anuswr gofIAW nwl
ndInW dI rokQwm krnI huMdI hY[
• rswieixk KwdW, kItnwSkW, au~lInwSkW Aqy pOdy nUM vDwaux vwly rswiexW dI vrqoN nhIN
krnI [

jYivk Psl auqpwdn

jYivk KyqI leI sB qoN cMgy/Bwry Kyq nUM qrjIh dyxI cwhIdI hY[ muFly iqMn –cwr swl jYivk
KyqI dw JwV ku`J G`t huMdw hY pr bwAd iv`c ieh rswiexk KyqI dy brwbr ho jWdw hY [ ieh
KyqI hyT ilKy &slI c`krW iv`c ApxweI jw skdI hY:
Jonw-kxk
Jonw
zmIn : ies leI drimAwnI qoN BwrI zmIn ijsdI irsx-SkqI G`t hovy nUM qrzIh id`qI
jWdI hY [
^urwk : &sl dI ^urwkI q`qW dI pUrqI rvWh jW sx dI hrI Kwd nwl ho jWdI hY [ rvWh
(rvWh 88 iksm) jW sx dw 20 iklo pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl bIj pwau Aqy lgBg 50 idn
dI &sl nUM Jonw/bwsmqI lwaux qoN pihlW Kyq iv`c vwho [ hrI Kwd zIro fir`l nwl ibnW vwhy
Kyq iv`c vI bIjI jw skdI hY [
129
 ndInW dI rokQwm : Kyq ivc lgwqwr 25-30 idn pwxI nUM KVHw r`Kxw cwhIdw hY Aqy jykr
loV hovy qW ie`k gofI vI kr lYxI cwhIdI hY[
kIVy mkOiVAW dI rokQwm : ies leI trweIkogRwmw kwrf vrqy jWdy hn jo XUnIvristI dy
kIt ivigAwn ivBwg ivc auplbD hn[ ienHW kwrfW nUM ie`k eykV ivc 40 v`K-v`K QwvW
auqy Jony dy bUitAW nwl bMnH id`qw jWdw hY [ ieh kMm 30 idnW dI &sl qoN SurU krky h&qy dy
AMqr nwl 5-6 vwr krnw cwhIdw hY [
kxk
^urwk : jYivk Kwd duAwrw 80, 120 Aqy 160 iklogRwm nweItRojn pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl
kRmvwr jYivk mwdy dy p`KoN BwrI, drimAwnI Aqy hOlI zmIn ivc pwaux nwl kxk dI aunI hI
aupj pRwpq kIqI jw skdI hY ijMnI ik is&wrS kIqI rswieixk KwdW duAwrw pRwpq kIqI jWdI
hY [ au~pr d`sI geI nweItRojn dI mwqrw kRmvwr 8, 12 Aqy 16 tn rUVI qoN pRwpq kIqI jw
skdI hY [ kxk dI 50 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV dI loV nUM rUVI, gMfoAw Kwd Aqy irMf dI Kl
nUM vrq ky vI pUrw kIqw jw skdw hY[ ies leI 17 kuieMtl rUVI dI Kwd (1% nweItRojn) +11
kuieMtl gMfoAw Kwd (1.5% nweItRojn)+6.6 kuieMtl irMf dI Kl (2.5 pRqISq nweItRojn)
pRqI eykV dI vrqoN kro[
ndInW dI rokQwm : Awm kwSqkwrI FMg jo rswiexk KyqI ivc vrqy jw skdy hn ijvyN ik
im`tI nUM auproN sukwauxw, ndInW nUM pihly pwxI qoN pihlW mwrnw Aqy gu`lI-fMfy dy bIj nUM kxk
p`kx qoN pihlW Kyq ivcoN bwhr k`Fxw [
kIVy-mkOiVAW dI rokQwm : jYivk qrIky nwl iqAwr kIqI kxk ivc Awm qOr qy kIVy-
mkOiVAW dI koeI sm`isAw nhIN AwauNdI[ kIVy Kwx vwly pMCI kIVy nzr Awaux qy Kw jWdy
hn[
m`kI/soieAwbIn-kxk
m`kI
zmIn dI iqAwrI : jYivk KyqI ivc rswiexk KyqI nwloN iqMn qoN cwr vwr qvIAW jW
kltIvytr dI izAwdw loV pYNdI hY qW jo ipClI kxk dI &sl dw rihMd-KUMhd, rUVI qy hrI
Kwd cMgI qrHW zmIn ivc iml jwx[
^urwk : jYivk KyqI SurU krn qoN pihly pMj swl 8 tn su`kI hoeI glI sVI rUVI pRqI eykV
dy ihswb nwl pwau qy bwAd ivc rUVI dI mwqrw A`DI kr idau [ sx/FYNcw dI hrI Kwd leI
20 iklo bIj/eykV ApRYl dy qIjy h&qy jW kxk dI vwFI qoN qurMq bwAd bIj idau Aqy 2 qoN
3 pwxI lwaux qoN bwAd 40 qoN 45 idnW bwAd pr m`kI dI ibjweI qoN 5 qoN 7 idn pihlW
zmIn ivc vwh idau [
ndInW dI rokQwm : jYivk KyqI ivc rUVI dI vrqoN krky ndIn izAwdw huMdy hn [ ienHW
dI rokQwm leI 2 jW 3 vwr vIl hoA/Kurpw/ksolw nwl gofI krnI cwhIdI hY [
kIVy-mkOiVAW dI rokQwm : m`kI dy qxy dw gVUMAw qy hor kIVy-mkOiVAW dI rokQwm leI
jYivk kIt nwSk ijvyN nImAjwl (1%) 120 imlIiltr pRqI eykV dI vrqoN kro [ m`kI dy qxy
dy gVUMey dI rokQwm leI tRweIkogrwmw (im`qr kIVw) rwhIN pRjIvI ikirAw kIqy hoey korswierw

130
dy 40,000 AWfy pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl 10 qoN 15 idnW dI &sl au~pr vrqo[ ieh AWfy gUMd
nwl tRweIko-kwrfW aupr icpkwey hoey huMdy hn [ ienHW kwrfW nUM 40 brwbr ih`isAW iv`c ies
qrHW k`to ik hr ih`sy au~pr 1000 AWfy hox[ ienHW ih`isAW nUM goB dy p`iqAW dy hyTly pwsy Swm
dy smyN Kyq iv`c iekswr dUrI qy ipMnH nwl n`QI kro [ ieh kwrf mINh vwly idn nhIN vrqxy
cwhIdy [
soieAwbIn
zmIn dI iqAwrI : rswiexk KyqI dy mukwbly jYivk KyqI ivc kxk dI prwlI (nwV) nUM
vwhux, rUVI Aqy hrI Kwd nUM dbwaux leI iqMn jW cwr vwr qvIAw jW kltIvytr dI izAwdw
loV pYNdI hY[
^urwk : 4 tn su`kI glI sVI rUVI dI Kwd pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl, jYivk KyqI SurU krn
qoN pihly pMj swl q`k pwau jdoN ik pMj swl bwAd rUVI dI Kwd A`DI kr idau [ kxk dI
prwlI Kyq ivc hI vwho [ hrI Kwd (sx/FYNcw) 20 iklo pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl ApRYl dy qIjy
h&qy jW kxk dI vwFI qoN qurMq bwAd bIj idau [ hrI Kwd nUM augwaux leI 2-3 pwxI cwhIdy
hn[ hrI Kwd nUM 40-45 idnW dI hox auprMq soieAwbIn dI ibjweI qoN 5-7 idn pihlW Kyq
ivc vwh idau [
ndInW dI rokQwm : jYivk KyqI ivc rUVI dI Kwd vrqx nwl ndIn izAwdw huMdy hn [ ies
leI ndInW nUM kwbU krn leI do jW iqMn vwr vIl hoA/Kurpw/ksolw nwl gofI kro [
kIVy-mkOiVAW dI rokQwm : ic`tI m`kI Aqy soieAwbIn dy hor kIVy-mkOiVAW dI rokQwm
leI nImAjwl (1%) 120 imlIiltr pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl spryA kro [
kxk
zmIn dI iqAwrI : kxk dI jYivk KyqI ivc m`kI jW soieAwbIn dI rihMd-KUhMd Aqy
rUVI dI Kwd Kyq ivc cMgI qrHW rlwaux leI 3 jW 4 vwr rswiexk KyqI qoN vwDU qvIAW jW
kltIvytr dI loV pYNdI hY [
^urwk : jYivk KyqI dy pihly pMj swlW ivc kxk nUM 8 tn su`kI Aqy glI hoeI rUVI dI Kwd
pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl pwau Aqy bwAd ivc 25 &IsdI rUVI dI Kwd dI mwqrw Gtw idau[
m`kI Aqy soieAwbIn dI rihMd-KUhMd nUM Kyq ivc hI vwho [
ndInW dI rokQwm : jYivk KyqI ivc rUVI dI Kwd vrqx krky ndInW dI igxqI kuJ
izAwdw huMdI hY [ ies leI ndInW nUM kwbU krn leI do jW iqMn vwr vIl hoA/Kurpw/ksolw
nwl gofI kro [
kIVy-mkOiVAW dI rokQwm : jYivk kxk ivc kIVy-mkOiVAW dI koeI ^ws sm`isAw nhIN
AwauNdI [ jy qylw idKweI vI dyvy qW im`qr kIVy ausnUM ^qm kr idMdy hn [

m``kI-AwlU-ipAwz
m`kI-AwlU-ipAwz &slI c`kr iv`c jykr AwlU iv`c mUlI dI rlvIN &sl Aqy ipAwz iv`c
DnIey dI rlvIN &sl bIjI hovy qW jYivk KyqI pihly swl hI rswiexk KyqI dy brwbr Awmdn
dy skdI hY [ m`kI leI is&wrS kIqI 50 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV leI 16.7 kuieMtl rUVI dI
Kwd (1.0 pRqISq nweItRojn)+11.1 kuieMtl gMfoieAW dI Kwd (1.5 pRqISq nweItRojn)+6.7

131
kuieMtl nw Kwx Xog irMf dI KL (2.5 pRqISq nweItRojn) pRqI eykV vrqo [ iesy qrHW AwlUAW
leI 75 iklo nweItRojn nUM 25 kuieMtl rUVI dI Kwd+16.7 kuieMtl gMfoieAw Kwd+10 kuieMtl
nw Kwx Xog irMf dI KL rwhIN pwau [ ipAwz leI 40 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV nUM 13.3
kuieMtl rUVI dI Kwd+8.9 kuieMtl gMfoieAw Kwd+5.3 kuieMtl nw Kwx Xog irMf dI Kl rwhIN
pwau [ AwlU bIjx/ipAwj dI pnIrI lwaux smyN knsOrSIAm jIvwxU Kwd 4 iklo pRqI eykV nUM
im`tI iv`c rlw ky pwaux nwl AwlU/ipAwj dw JwV v`Ddw hY Aqy nwl hI zmIn dI ishq iv`c vI
suDwr huMdw hY [ knsOrSIAm dw tIkw pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI dy mweIkRobwieElojI ivBwg
pwsoN imldw hY [ m`kI dI &sl nUM jUn dy pihly pMdrHvwVy, AwlU AkqUbr dy pihly pMdrHvwVy
Aqy ipAwz jnvrI dy pihly pMdrHvwVy iv`c bIjo[ mUlI nUM AkqUbr dy pihly pMdrHvwVy iv`c
AwlUAW dI hryk v`t dy d`Kx vwly pwsy bIj ky, dsMbr dy mhIny iv`c ibjweI qoN 50 qoN 70
idnW iv`c 2-3 vwrI pu`t lvo [ DnIey dI iek kqwr ipAwz dIAW 5 kqwrW bwAd jnvrI dy
pihly pMdrHvwVy iv`c ipAwz dI pnIrI lwaux qy pihlw pwxI dyx auprMq lwE[ hry DnIey dI
ibjweI qoN cwlI idnW bwAd pihlI ktweI kro Aqy bIj dy qOr qy DnIey nUM meI dy dUsry h&qy
k`t lE[
m`kI-AwlU-grmI rùq dI mUMgI
m`kI
^urwk : m`kI dI 50 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV dI loV nUM 50 kuieMtl su`kI rUVI dI Kwd (1%
nweItRojn) jW 33 kuieMtl su`kI rUVI dI Kwd dy nwl 11 kuieMtl gMfoAw Kwd (1.5% nweItRojn)
duAwrw pUrw kIqw jw skdw hY [
AwlU
^urwk : AwlUAW dI 75 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV dI loV nUM 75 kuieMtl su`kI rUVI dI Kwd
(1% nweItRojn) jW 50 kuieMtl su`kI rUVI dI Kwd dy nwl 17 kuieMtl gMfoAw Kwd (1.5%
nweItRojn) duAwrw pUrw kIqw jw skdw hY [

grmI ru`q dI mUMgI

^urwk : grmI ru`q dI mUMgI dI 5 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV dI loV nUM 5.0 kuieMtl su`kI
rUVI dI Kwd (1% nweItRojn) jW 3.0 kuieMtl su`kI rUVI dI Kwd dy nwl 1.0 kuieMtl gMfoAw
Kwd (1.5% nweItRojn) duAwrw pUrw kIqw jw skdw hY [
m`kI-vfwxk kxk-rvWh (cwrw)
m`kI
^urwk : m`kI dI 50 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV dI loV nUM rUVI, gMfoAw Kwd Aqy irMf dI Kl
nUM vrq ky pUrw kIqw jw skdw hY[ ies leI 17 kuieMtl rUVI dI Kwd (1% nweItRojn) +11
kuieMtl gMfoAw Kwd (1.5% nweItRojn) + 6.6 kuieMtl irMf dI Kl (2.5 pRqISq nweItRojn)
dI vrqoN kro [
ndInW dI rokQwm : ndIn nwSk zihrW dI vrqoN nhIN krnI [ kwSqkwrI FMgW dI vrqoN
krky ndInW dI rokQwm krnI cwhIdI hY [ au~gy hoey ndInW nUM kwbU krn leI do jW iqMn vwr
vIl hoA/Kurpw jW ksOly nwl gofI kro [
132
kxk (vfwxk)
^urwk : kxk dI 50 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV dI loV nUM rUVI, gMfoAw Kwd Aqy irMf dI Kl
nUM vrq ky vI pUrw kIqw jw skdw hY[ ies leI 17 kuieMtl rUVI dI Kwd (1% nweItRojn) +11
kuieMtl gMfoAw Kwd (1.5% nweItRojn) +6.6 kuieMtl irMf dI Kl (2.5 pRqISq nweItRojn)
pRqI eykV dI vrqoN kro [
ndInW dI rokQwm : ndIn nwSk zihrW dI vrqoN nhIN krnI [ kwSqkwrI FMgW dI vrqoN
krky ndInW dI rokQwm krnI cwhIdI hY [ au~gy hoey ndInW nUM kwbU krn leI do jW iqMn vwr
vIl hoA/Kurpw jW ksOly nwl gofI kro [
rvWh (cwrw)
^urwk : m`kI-kxk-rvWh dy jYivk &slI c`kr iv`c rvWh nUM iksy qrHW dI Kurwk dyx dI
loV nhIN huMdI [
ndIn pRbMD : ndIn nwSk zihrW dI vrqoN nhIN krnI [ jy loV hovy qW gofI kIqI jw skdI
hY [

hldI-ipAwj
hldI
^urwk : jYivk hldI dI ^urwkI q`qW dI loV nUM 6 trwlIAW rUVI dI Kwd (6 tn su`kI rUVI
1.0 pRqISq nweItRojn q`q vwlI) vrq ky pUrw kIqw jw skdw hY [ jy rUVI dI Kwd pUrI mwqrw
iv`c auplbD nw hovy qW 4 trwlIAW rUVI dI Kwd (4 tn su`kI rUVI) dy nwl 1.3 tn gMfoAw
Kwd (1.5 pRqISq nweItRojn) dI vrqo kIqI jw skdI hY [
ndIn pRbMD : ndInW dI rokQwm leI ibjweI smyN 40 kuieMtl pRqI eykV Jony dI prwlI
pwau Aqy jy loV pvy qW 3 mhIny bwAd ie`k gofI kro [ jykr prwlI nhIN pweI qW iqMn gofIAW
ibjweI qoN 1, 2 Aqy 3 mhIny bwAd kro [
ipAwj
Kurwk : jYivk ipAwj dI KurwkI q`qW dI loV nUM 4 trwlIAW rUVI dI Kwd (4 tn su`kI rUVI
1.0 pRqISq nweItRojn vwlI) vrq ky pUrw kIqw jw skdw hY [ jy rUVI dI Kwd pUrI mwqrw iv`c
auplbD nw hoyvy qW 3 trwlIAW rUVI dI Kwd (2.7 tn su`kI rUVI) dy nwl 9 kuieMtl gMfoAw Kwd
(1.5 pRqISq nweItRojn) dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY [
ndIn pRbMD : ndInW dI rokQwm leI loV Anuswr gofI kro [

jYivk cwrw auqpwdn :

jYivk cwrw auqpwdn leI &slW dy kwSqkwrI FMg Awm &slW vWg hI hn pr jYivk cwry
vwlIAW &slW iv`c rswiexk KwdW, ndInnwSkW, kItnwSkW Aqy au~lInwSkW dI vrqoN nhIN
krnI [
m`kI-brsIm-bwjrw : Kyq iv`c 3.5 tn pRqI eykV su`kI rUVI (1% nweItRojn) pwau Aqy
Agsq dy dUjy h&qy m`kI bIjo [ 50-60 idnW bwAd (jdoN &sl doDy qy hovy Aqy dwxy nrm
hox) k`t lvo [ aus qoN bwAd 1.0 tn pRqI eykV su`kI rUVI Kyq iv`c pw ky AkqUbr dy dUjy

133
h&qy brsIm bIjo ijs qoN 4-5 ktweIAW leIAW jw skdIAW hn [ brsIm dI ktweI qoN bwAd
2.0 tn pRqI eykV su`kI rUVI pwau Aqy jUn dy dUjy h&qy bwjrw bIj ky ibjweI qoN 45-55 idnW
bwAd (jdoN is`ty inklxy SurU hox) k`t lvo [ rUVI dI mwqrw aus iv`c nweItRojn q`q dI mwqrw
dy ihswb nwl vDw Gtw lYxI cwhIdI hY [
m`kI-brsIm-m`kI+rvWh : Kyq iv`c 3.5 tn pRqI eykV su`kI rUVI (1% nweItRojn) pwau
Aqy Agsq dy dUjy h&qy m`kI bIjo [ 50-60 idnW bwAd (jdoN &sl doDy qy hovy Aqy dwxy
nrm hox) k`t lvo [ aus qoN bwAd 1.0 tn pRqI eykV su`kI rUVI Kyq iv`c pw ky AkqUbr dy
dUjy h&qy brsIm bIjo ijs qoN 4-5 ktweIAW leIAW jw skdIAW hn [ brsIm dI ktweI qoN
bwAd 3.5 tn pRqI eykV su`kI rUVI pwau Aqy jUn dy dUjy h&qy m`kI+rvWh nUM rlw ky bIjo [
ies leI 15 iklo m`kI dw bIj Aqy 15 iklo rvWh 88 iksm jW 6 iklo sI AYl 367 iksm
dw bIj vrqo [ ies rlvyN cwry nUM ibjweI qoN 50-60 idnW bwAd (jdoN m`kI dI &sl doDyqy
hovy Aqy dwxy nrm hox) k`t lvo[ rUVI dI mwqrw aus iv`c nweItRojn q`q dI mwqrw dy ihswb
nwl vDw Gtw lYxI cwhIdI hY[
Pws&o kMpost iqAwr krn dI ivDI
Jony dI prwlI nUM ie`k AYsI jgHw qy iek`TI kro ij`Qy pwxI AswnI nwl auplbD hovy [ prwlI
nUM 10-15 iklogRwm dy bMflW ivc bMnH lvo[
ie`k v`fy tYNk ivc pRqI 1000 lItr pwxI ivc ie`k iklogRwm gW dy gohy dy ihswb nwl
Gol iqAwr kro [ tYNk dw Gx&l ausdI lMbweI, cOVweI Aqy aucweI mwp ky pqw kIqw jw skdw
hY[ iek ikaUbk mItr ie`k hzwr lItr dy brwbr huMdw hY [ bMflW nUM iqAwr kIqy Gol ivc
2-3 imMt fob ky bwhr k`F lvo [ ig`ly bMflW nUM plwsitk dI qrpwl au~qy ies qrIky nwl
r`Ko ik vwDU pwxI inkl jwvy [ iek 5 mItr lMbw, 1.5 mItr cOVw Aqy 6 ieMc au~cw im`tI dw
bY~f bxwau [ ieh bY~f Fyr nUM pwxI lwaux leI shwiek is`D huMdw hY [
bY~f auqy dr^q jW kpwh dIAw twhxIAW r`Ko [ ieh Fyr nUM hyTW qoN hvw dI splweI ivc
mddgwr huMdIAW hn [ ig`lI kIqI prwlI ivc Awm qOr qy 70% nmIN huMdI hY [ ig`ly bMflW nUM
KolH ky 500 iklogRwm prwlI dw Fyr lgwau [ Fyr lgwauNdy smyN ies ivc GtIAw gRyf dw rwk
&wsPyt 6% dy ihswb nwl iCVkI jwau [ 500 iklogRwm prwlI leI 30 iklogRwm rwk &wsPyt
cwhIdw hY [ ies qrHW iqAwr kIqI Kwd ivc ie`k pRqISq &wsPors huMdw hY [ pMj sO iklogRwm
dw Fyr lgBg 1.5 mItr au~cw ho jWdw hY [ ies qrHW prwlI dI auplbDqw dy ihswb nwl
500-500 iklo dw Fyr lwau ijnHW ivc 1 mItr dw &wslw hoxw cwhIdw hY [ GtIAw gRyf dw
rwk &wsPyt rwjsQwn styt lweInz AYNf imnrl ilmitf, mIrw mwrg, audypur qoN ^rIidAw
jw skdw hY [
Fyr nUM 20-30 sYN.mI. su`kI prwlI nwl F`k idE [ ies qrHW krn nwl prwlI ivc nmIN
G`t au~fygI [ prwlI ivc 70% nmIN brkrwr rhy qW cMgw hY [ ies pVwA qy pwxI dy mwmly
ivc QoVI ijhI kuqwhI kMpost bnx dI pRikRAw ivc dyrI kr skdI hY [ Fyr nUM iqrCy mUMh vwlI
pweIp Aqy tu`lU pMp dI shwieqw nwl h&qy dy AMqr nwl pwxI idMdy rho [ (not : pwxI dw
iCVkwA nw kro sgoN pweIp nUM Fyr dy AMdr D`s ky prwlI dy Fyr ivc pwxI lwvo ijs nwl pwxI
swry Fyr ivc phuMc jWdw hY) [ Kwd 80-90 idnW ivc iqAwr ho jWdI hY Aqy iesdI kwrbn:

134
nweItRojn Anupwq 15:1 rih jWdI hY[ ies pVwA qy prwlI dy qIly kmzor ho jWdy hn Aqy
h`QW ivc iK`cx qy tu`t jWdy hn [
jYivk qsdIkIkrn
qsdIkSudw jYivk KyqI leI Bwrq srkwr v~loN jYivk imAwr inrDwrq kIqy gey hn
ijhnW dI pwlxw dy inrIKx leI ku~J inrIKx Aqy qsdIkI eyjMsIAW nUM mwnqw id~qI geI hY[
ijhVy ikswn qsdIkSudw jYivk KyqI krnw cwhuMdy hn, auh iehnW eyjMsIAW nwl sMprk kr
skdy hn [ iehnW dy pqy ieMtrnY~t qoN ApIfw dI vYbsweIt qoN ley jw
skdy hn [

135
 12. bhu-&slI pRxwlI
ikswn kol KyqI sMbMDI qknIkI jwxkwrI qoN ielwvw ies pRxwlI dI kwmXwbI-FukvIAW
&slW/iksmW, KyqI kwmy, KyqIbwVI mSInrI, isMcweI dy swDn, KwdW, kIVymwr dvweIAW, pYsy
Awid qy inrBr krdI hY [ ies qoN v`D smyN isr KyqI dy kMm dI huiSAwrI, KyqI pRbMD Awid dI
ikswn ivc Xogqw prK aupr jo ik bhuq jrUrI p`K hn, bhu&slI pRxwlI dI s&lqw inrBr
krdI hY [ ies dw audyS mu`K smyN dIAW &slW dy drimAwn smyN ivc iek jW do vwDU &slW
augwauxw hY[ ieh qW hI sMBv ho skdw hY jykr G`t smW lYx Aqy v`D JwV dyx vwlIAW &slW
dI cox kIqI jwvy [ Jony dI pCyqI ibjweI v`fI aumr dI pnIrI lw ky, G`to G`t vwhI dw FMg
Apnw ky, rlvIAW &slW bIj ky jW KVHI &sl ivc AglI &sl bIj ky Aqy kxk qy m`kI pUrI
p`kx qoN 5-7 idn pihlW k`t ky hI sMBv ho skdw hY [
bhu-&slI pRxwlI leI hyT ilKy kuJ mh`qvpUrn &sl c`kr hn:
1. hrI Kwd (FYNcw/rvWh/sx) - Jonw-kxk : kxk v`Fx qoN ip`CNo rOxI krky FYNcw jW sx
20 iklo pRqI eykV Aqy rvWh 12 iklo pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl ApRYl dy AwKIr ivc bIj
idau[ FYNcw/sx/rvWh nUM 6-7 hPqy ipCoN Jony lwaux qoN iek jW do idn pihlW jUn dy dUjy hPqy
Kyq ivc vwh idau [ ies qrHW 25 iklo nweItRojn pRqI eykV dI b`cq hovygI Aqy zmIn dI
aupjwaU SkqI vI kwiem rhygI [ Jony dw vDyry JwV lYx leI ryqlI Aqy ryqlI mYrw zmInW ivc
hrI Kwd dI vrqoN kro Aqy nweItRojn dI is&wrS kIqI pUrI 50 iklogwR m mwqrw pRqI eykV
pwau [ ij`Qy grmI ru`q dI mUMgI bIjI hovy auQy &lIAW qoVn qoN bwAd mUMgI dw hrw tWgr Jonw
lwaux qoN iek jW do idn pihlW dbwaux nwl Jony dw JwV vD jWdw hY Aqy Jony nUM nweItRojn dw
qIjw ih`sw G`t pwauxw pYNdw hY [
2. rvWh/bwjrw/m`kI (cwrw) - m`kI/Jonw-kxk : grmI ru`q dy cwry kxk v`Fx qoN bwAd
is&wrS kIqy bIj Aqy dUsrIAW is&wrSW Apxw ky ApRYl dy AwKrI hPqy bIjo [ ieh cwry dIAW
&slW swauxI dI mu`K &sl m`kI jW Jony leI Kyq nUM smyN isr ivhlw kr idMdIAW hn[ grmI
ru`q dy jUn mhIny iv`c ijs smyN hry cwry dI QuV huMdI hY[ ienHW &slW qoN hrw cwrw iml jWdw
hY [ ieh cwry dIAW &slW 40-55 idnW iv`c AOsqn 80-100 kuieMtl pRqI eykV hrw cwrw
dy idMdIAW hn[
3. hrI Kwd-m`kI-kxk : kxk v`Fx qoN ipCoN ApRYl dy AKIr ivc FYNcw/sx/rvWh bIjx
nwl Aqy 6-8 hPqy bwAd Kyq iv`c d`bx nwl zmIn dI aupjwaU SkqI kwiem rihMdI hY Aqy
10-12 idnW bwAd glx-sVn qoN auprMq jUn dy AMq ivc m`kI bIjo [ ijs Kyq ivc hrI Kwd
kIqI jwvy aus Kyq ivc m`kI nUM hor iksy qrHW dI jYivk Kwd jW rUVI vwlI Kwd pwaux dI loV
nhIN [
4. m`kI/Jonw-AwlU-kxk : jUn dy AMq iv`c QoVy smyN iv`c p`kx vwlI m`kI jW Jony dI iksm
(pI Awr 115) bIjo [ ieh &slW Kyq nUM A`D sqMbr iv`c KwlI kr idMdIAW hn Aqy AwlUAW
136
dIAW CyqI pu`tx vwlIAW iksmW ijvyN ik ku&rI cMdrmuKI jW kuPrI AlMkwr nUM sqMbr dy AMq
iv`c bIjo[ jdoN AwlUAW dI &sl 12 h&qy dI ho jwvy qW AwlUAW nUM pu`t ky pCyqI kxk dI ibjweI
(pI bI fblXU 373) kr idau [ pCyqI kxk nUM A`DI nweItRojn pwau Aqy AwlUAW qoN bwAd
&wsPors jW potwS Kwd dI loV nhIN [
5. m`kI/Jonw-AwlU - grmI ru`q dI mUMgI : keI vwr kxk ipCoN grmI ru`q dI bIjI hoeI
mUMgI (AYs AYm AYl 668/AYs AYm AYl 832) dI &sl AgyqI brswq dy Asr hyT Aw jWdI hY[
ies krky ies &sl dI ibjweI A`D mwrc qoN AKIr mwrc iv`c kr lYxI cwhIdI hY [ ies qrHW
mUMgI nUM 20-25 sYNtImItr iv`Q qy bIj idau [ ies &slI c`kr iv`c m`kI jW Jony dI ibjweI
jUn dy pihly pMdrHvwVy iv`c kr idau qW jo AwlU dI ibjweI smyN isr sqMbr dy dUjy pMdrHvwVy
iv`c ho sky [ ies auprMq grmI ru`q dI bIjI hoeI mUg
M I nUM AwlUAW qoN ipCoN iksy iksm dI Kwd
dI loV nhIN pYNdI jykr AwlUAW nUM pUrIAW rswiexk KwdW Aqy rUVI pweI hovy [
6. Jonw-AwlU/qorIAw-sUrjmuKI : jUn dy SurU iv`c Jony dI QoVHy smyN iv`c p`kx vwlI iksm
(pI Awr 115) lwau qW ik Kyq A`D sqMbr q`k KwlI ho jwvy [ AwlUAW dI iksm ku&rI cMdrmuKI
jW ku&rI AlMkwr nUM sqMbr dy qIjy hPqy iv`c bIj ky dsMbr AKIr iv`c pu`t lau [ AwlUAW
dy bdly Jony ipCoN qorIAw (tI AYl 15) vI bIijAw jw skdw hY [ aus qoN auprMq sUrjmuKI (pI
AYs AYP AYc 118, AYs AYc 88, fI ky 3890, pI ey sI 302) &sl dI ibjweI jnvrI dy
pihly pMdrvwVy iv`c pUrb-p`Cm idSw iv`c v`tW pw ky d`Kx vwly pwsy kro [ AwlUAW ipCoN bIjI
sUrjmuKI dI &sl nUM 12 iklo nweItRojn pwaux dI loV hY [ jy AwlUAW dI &sl nUM is&wrS kIqI
AYn.pI.ky Aqy 20 tn rUVI dI Kwd pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl pweI hovy [ sUrjmuKI dI &sl
Kyq nUM Jony dI smyN isr luAweI leI A`D meI q`k KwlI kr idMdI hY [
7. m`kI-AwlU/qorIAw-sUrjmuKI : ies &sl c`kr iv`c m`kI dI ibjweI jUn dy SurU iv`c
krn nwl AwlUAW dI smyN isr ibjweI leI sqMbr dy dUjy pMdrvwVy iv`c Kyq KwlI ho jwvygw[
AwlUAW dI &sl 12 hPqy ipCoN dsMbr dy AMq q`k pu`t lvo [ ies dy bdly m`kI ipCoN qorIAw
dI QoVHy smyN iv`c p`kx vwlI iksm (tI AYl-15) bIjI jw skdI hY [ ies qoN ipCoN, jnvrI
dy pihly pMdrHvwVy iv`c pUrb-p`Cm idSw iv`c v`tW pw ky d`Kx vwly pwsy sUrjmuKI (pI AYs
AYP AYc 118) dI ibjweI kro [ AwlUAW ipCoN bIjI sUrjmuKI dI &sl nUM 12 iklo nweItRojn
pRqI eykV pwE, jykr AwlUAW nUM 20 tn rUVI dI Kwd Aqy is&wrS kIqIAw rswiexk KwdW
pweIAW geIAW hox [ m`kI dI smyN isr ibjweI leI sUrjmuKI vwlw Kyq A`D meI q`k KwlI ho
jwvygw [
8. grmI ru`q dI mUMg&lI-AwlU/qorIAw/mtr/pCyqw swauxI dw cwrw-kxk : grm ru`q dI
mUMgPlI Aqy kxk dy pRclq &slI c`kr iv`c AwlU/qorIAw/mtr jW swauxI dy pCyqy cwry dI
&sl bVI kwmXwbI nwl leI jw skdI hY [ mUMg&lI dI iksm AYs jI 84 nUM AKIr ApRYl jW
SurU meI iv`c kxk qoN ipCoN bIjo [ grm ru`q dI mUMg&lI SurU sqMbr iv`c Kyq KwlI kr idMdI
hY ijs iv`c AwlU jW Agyqy mtr (Agyqw 6 jW Arkl) jW qorIAw (tI AYl 15) jW pCyqw m`kI
dw cwrw sqMbr dy dUsry pMdrHvwVy ivc bIjo [ qorIAw/mtr/pCyqw cwrw jW AwlU dsMbr iv`c Kyq
KwlI kr idMdy hn [ ies qoN ipCoN kxk dI pCyqI iksm bIjI jw skdI hY [ ieh &slI c`kr
bhuq lwhyvMd is`D hoey hn [

137
 9. m`kI-AwlU-gMFy : ieh &slI c`kr Jony Aqy kxk dy &slI c`kr nwloN du`gxI pYdwvwr
Aqy Awmdn idMdw hY Aqy ies dy nwl pwxI dI vI coKI b`cq huMdI hY [ ies &slI c`kr nUM
Apnwaux vwsqy m`kI dI ibjweI A`D jUn q`k kr dyxI cwhIdI hY [ AwlU (ku&rI cMdrmu`KI) dI
ibjweI AkqUbr dy pihly h&qy ivc Aqy ipAwz (pMjwb nroAw) dI ibjweI 15 jnvrI q`k
kr lYxI cwhIdI hY [ ieh &slI c`kr Apnwaux nwl zmIn dI aupjwaU SkqI (jIvk kwrbn,
nweItRojn Aqy potwS) ivc bhuq suDwr ho jWdw hY [
10. grmI ru`q dI mUMg&lI-AwlU-bwjrw (cwrw) : ieh &slI c`kr mYrw ryqlIAW zmInW
vwsqy bhuq F`ukvW hY Aqy Jonw-kxk dy &slI c`kr nwloN 17 pRqISq q`k izAwdw pYdwvwr idMdw
hY [ ies dy nwl-nwl isMcweI dy pwxI ivc bhuq b`cq huMdI hY ijhVI ik Jony-kxk dy &slI
c`kr nwloN A`DI huMdI hY [ ies &slI c`kr ivc mUMg&lI (AY~m-522) dI ibjweI meI dy pihly
h&qy ivc krnI cwhIdI hY [ AwlUAW dI ibjweI AkqUbr dy pihly h&qy Aqy cwry vwly bwjry
dI ibjweI mwrc dy pihly pMdrHvwVy ivc pUrI kr lYxI cwhIdI hY [
11. bwsmqI-krnOlI-bwjrw (cwrw) : ieh &slI c`kr bwsmqI-kxk nwloN izAwdw
pYdwvwr Aqy vDyry Awmdn idMdw hY [ ies &slI c`kr iv`c bwsmqI dI pnIrI A`D julweI ivc
lgwE [ &sl A`D nvMbr ivc Kyq KwlI kr dyvygI [ ies auprMq dsMbr mhIny ivc krnOlI
bIjo, jo meI dy pihly pMdrHvwVy ivc p`k jWdI hY [ ies qoN bwAd bwjry dI cwry leI BrpUr
&sl leI jw skdI hY [
12. bwsmqI-brsIm (cwrw Aqy bIj) : ies &slI c`kr qoN pRcilq bwsmqI-kxk nwloN
v`D JwV Aqy izAwdw Awmdn imldI hY [ ies &slI c`kr ivc bwsmqI dI pnIrI A`D julweI
ivc lgwau qy &sl A`D nvMbr iv`c Kyq KwlI kr dyvygI [ bwsmqI k`tx auprMq brsIm nUM
bIj leI A^Ir nvMbr ivc bIjo [ ies qoN cwry leI iqMn ktweIAW lYx auprMq &sl nUM bIj
leI C`fo[ ies &sl qoN cMgw JwV ilAw jw skdw hY [
13. m`kI-AwlU-mYNQw : ieh &slI c`kr Jonw-kxk nwloN du`gxw lwhyvMd hY Aqy ies nwl
pwxI dI kw&I b`cq huMdI hY [ ies c`kr iv`c m`kI nUM A`D jUn iv`c bIjo jo sqMbr dy dUjy
pMdrvwVy iv`c Kyq nUM KwlI kr dyvygI [ ies qoN bwAd AwlU (ku&rI cMdrmuKI) AkqUbr dy
pihly h&qy iv`c bIjo jo Kyq nUM A`D jnvrI q`k KwlI kr dyxgy [ ies qoN bwAd jnvrI dy dUjy
pMdrvwVy iv`c mYNQw lwE jo Kyq nUM jUn dy pihly pMdrvwVy iv`c KwlI kr dyvygw [ ies &slI
c`kr iv`c zmIn dw jYivk kwrbn, &ws&ors qy potwS vI vDdw hY [
14. m`kI (Agsq)-kxk/krnOlI-bwjrw (cwrw) : ieh &slI c`kr vI Jony-kxk nwloN
izAwdw lwhyvMd hn Aqy ies nwl pwxI dI vI kw&I b`cq huMdI hY [ ienHW c`krW iv`c m`kI nUM
Agsq dy dUjy pMdrvwVy iv`c bIjo ijhVI A`D dsMbr q`k Kyq KwlI kr dyvygI[ dsMbr dy dUjy
pMdrvwVy iv`c kxk dI pCyqI iksm jW krnOlI dI pnIrI rwhIN bIjweI kro [ meI dy pihly
pMdrvwVy iv`c bwjry (cwrw) dI bIjweI kro ijhVw Kyq nUM julweI dy pihly pMdrvwVy iv`c KwlI
kr dyvygw [
15. m`kI/Jonw-goBI srHoN-grmI ru`q dI mUMgI : ieh &slI c`kr m`kI-kxk Aqy Jonw-kxk
dy &slI c`kr nwloN v`D JwV Aqy munw&w idMdw hY [ ies &slI c`kr iv`c m`kI/Jony dI bIjweI
jUn dy pihly pMdrvwVy, goBI srHoN dI 10-30 AkqUbr Aqy grm ru`q dI mUMgI dI bIjweI ApRYl
138
dy pihly pMdrvwVy iv`c kIqI jw skdI hY [ grm ru`q dI mUMgI dI bIjweI pihly pwxI qoN qurMq
bwAd ibnW vhweI kIqI jw skdI hY [
16. Jonw-Col-
y grmI ru`q dI mUMgI : ieh &sl pRxwlI Jonw-kxk &slI c`kr nwloN v`D JwV
Aqy izAwdw Awmdn idMdI hY [ ies leI Jony dI pnIrI dI luAweI jUn dy dUjy pMdrvwVy iv`c
krnI cwhIdI hY[ Jony qoN bwAd CoilAW nUM 25 AkqUbr qoN 10 nvMbr q`k kxk bIjx vwly
bY~f plWtr nwl bxweIAW v`tW qy do kqwrW pRqI bY~f bIjxw cwhIdw hY [ grmI ru`q dI mUMgI dI
bIjweI ApRYl dy dUjy-qIjy h&qy iv`c kr dyxI cwhIdI hY [ ieh &sl pRxwlI zmIn dI aupjwaU
SkqI Aqy jIvwxUMAW dI igxqI Jonw-kxk &slI c`kr nwloN vDwauNdI hY [
cwry dy &sl c`kr
17. m`kI-brsIm-bwjrw : ies &slI c`kr qoN swrw swl hrw cwrw lYx leI m`kI nUM
Agsq dy dUjy h&qy bIj ky bIjweI qoN 50-60 idnW bwAd (jdoN &sl doDy qy hovy Aqy dwxy
nrm hox) k`to Aqy AkqUbr dy pihly jW dUjy h&qy brsIm bIjo ijs qoN 4-5 ktweIAW leI
jw skdIAW hn [ jUn dy dUjy h&qy bwjrw bIj ky ibjweI qoN 45-55 idnW bwAd (jdoN is`ty
inklxy SurU hox) k`to [
18. m`kI-brsIm-m`kI+rvWh : ies &slI c`kr qoN swrw swl hrw cwrw lYx leI m`kI nUM
Agsq dy dUjy h&qy bIj ky ibjweI qoN 50-60 idnW bwAd (jdoN &sl doDy qy hovy Aqy dwxy
nrm hox) k`to Aqy AkqUbr dy pihly jW dUjy h&qy brsIm bIjo ijs qoN 4-5 ktweIAW leIAW
jw skdIAW hn [ jUn dy dUjy h&qy m`kI+rvWh nUM rlw ky bIjo Aqy ibjweI qoN 50-60 idnW
bwAd (jdoN m`kI dI &sl doDy qy hovy Aqy dwxy nrm hox) k`to [

139
 13. ndInW dI rokQwm leI zrUrI nukqy
ndIn nwSkW dy iCVkwA dw FMg
ndIn nwSk dw Asr aus dI kuAwiltI Aqy aus dy vrqx dy FMg qy inrBr krdw hY[
keI vwrI bhuq vDIAw ndIn nwSk dw ausdyy iCVkwA dI glq vrqoN kwrn TIk nqIjy nhI
imldy[ Kyq ivc au~gy hoey ndInW dy swry bUitAW ƒ mwrn leI ieh bhuq zrUrI hY ik iCVkwA
swry bUitAW qy pvy[ bhuq swry izmINdwr ndIn nwSk dw iCVkwA shI FMg nwl nhI krdy[
iCVkwA dw glq FMg hox krky ndInW dI suc`jI rokQwm nhI huMdI[ ndInW dy Kyq ivc bcx
kwrn nw isrPæ Pæsl dw JwV G`tdw hY blik ndInW dw bIj iqAwr hox nwl Awaux vwlIAW
PæslW leI vI sm`isAw bxdI hY[ ies leI ndInW dI suc`jI rokQwm Aqy ndIn nwSk auqy lMbw
smW inrBrqw r`Kx leI iCVkwA dw shI FMg vrqxw bhuq zrUrI hY[ ndIn nwSk dw iCVkwA
bhuq hI iDAwn nwl Aqy iekswr krnw cwhIdw hY[ pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI vlo
isPwrS kIqIAW geIAW ndIn nwSk dy vDIAw Asr lYx leI hyT ilKy nukiqAW dw iDAwn
r`Kxw bhuq zrUrI hY:-
1. ndIn nwSk dI cox
v`K-v`K ndInW leI v`K v`K ndIn nwSkW dI isPwrS kIqI geI hY[ ndIn nwSk dI cox
krn qoN pihlW AwpxI Pæsl ivc augx ` vwly (ipCly swl dy qzrby Anuswr) jW au~gy hoey
ndInW dI pihcwx kro Aqy ndIn dI iksm dy Anuswr ndIn nwSk dI cox kro[ cuxI hoeI
ndIn nwSk dI KrId iksy iemwndwr dukwndwr qoN p`kI rsId lY ky kro[ pMjwb AYgrIklcrl
XUnIvristI vloN isPwrS kIqI geI ndIn nwSk hI KrIdoo Aqy dukwndwr dy kihx qy koeI vI
gYr-p®mwixq ndIn nwSk nw KrIdo [ ndIn nwSk pwaux dw smW Aqy imkdwr hmySw is&wrS
Anuswr hI vrqo Aqy kdI vI v`D jW G`t imkdwr nw vrqo[ Pæsl bIjx qoN pihlW pwaux
vwly ndIn nwsækW Aqy ibjweI ivc G`t qo G`t smyN dw vkPæw hoxw cwhIdw hY[ iesy qrHW ndIn
Aqy Pæsl au~gx qoN pihlW pwaux vwly ndIn nwSk vI ibjweI qoN iek jW do idnW ivc pwauxy
cwhIdy hn[
2. iCVkwA vwly pMp Aqy nozl dI cox
ndIn nwSk dI vrqoN leI izmINdwr ip`T vwly pMp (nYpsYk spryAr) dI vrqo ijæAwdw
krdy hn ikauNik ieh bhuq ssqw Aqy vDIAw iCVkwA vwlw jMqr hY[ ies qoN ielwvw iehnW
dw iCVkwA pwvr spryAr jW trYktr spryAr nwl vI ho skdw hY[ jykr ndIn nwSkW dI
vrqoN Pæsl au~gx qoN pihlW krnI hovy qW trYktr spryAr dI vI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY[
ndIn nwSkW dw iCVkwA PlYt PYn jW Pl`f zYt nozl nwl hI kro Aqy kon iksm nozl dI
vrqoN kdy vI nw kro[ au~gI hoeI Pæsl qy kxk ivc PlYt-PYn nozl dI hI vrqo kro ijhVI ik
100 iltr p®qI eykV pwxI lwauNdI hovy[ PlYt PYn/Pl`f zYt nozlW Kyq ivc iekswr iCVkwA

140
krdIAW hn jd ik kon iksm nojæl nwl ie`kswr iCVkwA nhI huMdw Aqy ndIn nwSk vI
hvw nwl v`D au~fdw hY[
ies qoN ielwvw mltI bUm (do jW iqMn nozlW vwlI bUm) nojælW dI vrqoN vI kIqI jw skdI
hY[ mltI bUm nozlW dw iCVkwA iekswr huMdw hY Aqy iCVkwA leI smW vI G`t l`gdw hY[ ieh
mltI bUm nozlW bzwr ivc Awm aupl`bD hn Aqy iehnW ƒ ip`T vwly pMp (nYpsYk spryAr)
qy lgwieAw jw skdw hY[
3. pwxI dw AMdwzw
ndIn nwSk dy iCVkwA qoN pihlW iCVkwA leI vrqy jwx vwly pwxI dw AMdwzw lgwauxw
bhuq zrUrI hY qWik ndIn nwSk dw iekswr iCVkwA ho sky [ pwxI dw AMdwzw lgwauxw bhuq
hI sOKw hY Aqy ies kMm leI ie`k Cotw ijhw imx ky plwt bxwau[ pMp dI FolI ivc nwp ky
pwxI pwau Aqy bxwey hoey plwt qy iekswr iCVkwA kro[ iCVkwA Kqm hox qy FolI ivc
rihMdy pwxI dI imxqI kro Aqy iCVkwA leI vrqy pwxI dw ihswb lgwau[ audwhrx vjoN jy
quhwfw imixAw hoieAw plwt 50 vrgmItr hY Aqy qusI FolI ivc 5 iltr pwxI pwieAw hY[
jykr 50 vrgmItr plwt ivc iCVkwA qoN bwAd quhwfI FolI ivc 3 iltr pwxI bicAw hY
Aqy iCVkwA vwsqy 2 iltr pwxI l`igAw hY ies qoN bwAd ie`k eykV leI loVINdy pwxI dI
mwqrw dw ihswb lwau[
2 4000
iek eykV leI loVIdy pwxI dI mwqrw = --- ---- = 160 iltr
50 1
ijs pMp, nozl Aqy AwdmI nwl pwxI dw AMdwzw lgwieAw igAw hY [ aus ƒ hI ndIn
nwSk dvweI dy iCVkwA leI vrqo qW jo pwxI dw inkws Aqy iCVkwA dI rPæqwr qy kwbU
rhy[
4. Gol bxwauxw
Gol bxwaux dy do qrIky hn pihly qrIky Anuswr ie`k eykV dI ndIn nwSk ƒ 4-5 iltr
pwxI ivc cMgI qrHW Gol lau Aqy ies dw Gol AMdwzw lwey gey pwxI Anuswr bxw lau[ ies
kMm leI ie`k v`fy frMm/brqn dI loV pYdI hY[ audwhrx dy qOr qy jykr AMdwzw lwieAw igAw
pwxI 150 iltr hovy qW ie`k eykV dy ndIn nwSk dw Gol 150 iltr pwxI ivc bxwau[ dUsry
qrIky Anuswr jykr v`fw frMm nw imly qW ie`k eykV ndIn nwSk dw Gol Eny iltr pwxI ivc
bxwau ijMny pMpW nwl ie`k eykV ivc iCVkwA ho jwvy (ip`T vwly pMp dI FolI ivc 15 iltr
pwxI pYNdw hY)[ ies Gol ivcoN ie`k iltr Gol FolI vwly pMp ivc pwau Aqy 14 iltr pwxI pw
ky aus ƒ pUrw Br idau[ Gol ƒ pMp ivc pwaux qoN pihlW ausƒ cMgI qrHW hryk vwrI ihlwauxw
cwhIdw hY Aqy Gol vwlw pwxI pwaux qoN pihlW iek iltr pwxI pMp ivc pwau[
5. iCVkwA leI pwxI dI zrUrq
ndIn-nwSk dw vDIAw Asr lYx leI auhnW dy Gol dI mwqrw v`Ko-v`K hMudI hY[ jo ndIn
nwSk p`iqAW rwhI p®vyS krdy hn, auhnW dy iCVkwA leI G`t pwxI (100 iltr p®qI eykV)
dI vrqo nwl vDIAW nqIjyæ ley jw skdy hn ikauNik G`t pwxI nwl iCVkwA dw qupkw Cotw
hovygw Aqy auh izAwdw dyr q`k ndIn dy p`qy auqy rhygw[ jykr qupkw v`fw hovygw qW auh
jldI hI p`qy auqoN if`g pvygw Aqy ndIn nwSk ndInW dy AMdr G`t jwvygI[ klofInoPwp,

141
iPnOkswp®op-pI-eIQweIl, mYtslPUrwn gru`p dy ndIn nwsæk (kxk dI Pæsl ivc is&wrS
kIqIAW hoeIAW) leI G`t pwxI dI jærUrq huMdI hY ikauNik ieh ndInW ivc isrPæ p`iqAW
rwhI p®vyS krdIAW hn[ ndIn nwSk dy iCVkwA leI 80800 jW 110900 nMbr dIAW PlYt
PYn nozlW ijhVIAW ik 80-100 iltr p®qI eykV pwxI k`FdIAW hox dI vrqoN kro[ fblXU
AYs AYn-24 Pl`f jYt` nozl dI vrqoN vI au`gI hoeI Pæsl qy iCVkwA krn leI kIqI jw
skdI hY ikauNik ieh nozl pwxI G`t k`FdI hY[ hor ndIn nwSk ijvyN ik AweIsop®otoXUrwn,
slPoslPUrwn, imzoslPUrwn+AwiefooslPUrwn dy iCVkwA vwsqy v`D jW G`t pwxI dI vrqoN vI
kIqI jw skdI hY ikauNik ieh dono jVHW Aqy p`iqAW rwhI p®vyS krdy hn[ iehnW dw iCVkwA
hmySW qr v`qr ivc kro[
hwVHI dy sIzn dOrwn ku`J ndIn nwSk &sl bIjx jW Pæsl aug`x qoN pihlW pwaux dI
isPwrsæ kIqI jWdI hY[ iehnW qo cMgy nqIjy lYx leI izAwdw pwxI (200 iltr p®qI eykV) dI
vrqoN kro[ ieh izAwdwqr jVHW rwhI p®vyS krdIAW hn Aqy cMgy nqIijAW leI zmIn ivc
nmI dI mwqrw izAwdw cwhIdI hY[ Pæsl dy aug`x qo pihlW pwaux vwlIAW ndIn nwSkW leI
hmySW fblXU AYs AYn-78 jW fblXU AYs AYn-62 (Pl`f jYt` nozlW) dI vrqoN kro ijhVIAW
ik izAwdw pwxI k`FdIAW hn[ su`kI zmIn iv`c cMgy nqIjy nhI imldy pr ijæAwdw pwxI vrqx
(300-400 iltr p®qI eykV) nwl ndIn nwSk dw Asr vDwieAw jw skdw hY[ hmysW Pæsl
aug`x qo pihlW pwaux vwlIAW ndIn nwSkW leI Pl`f jY~t k`t nojælW dI vrqoN kro[
6. iCVkwA dw qrIkw
iCVkwA vwly pwxI dw AMdwjæw lgwaux ip`CNo , iek eykV ivc l`gx vwly pMpW (15 iltr)
dw AMdwzw lgwE Aqy Kyq ƒ auny hI ih`isAW ivc vMfo ijMny pMp lgwauxy hox[ kxk dI Pæsl
ivc ndIn nwSk dy iCVkwA leI 7-8 pMpW dI zrUrq huMdI hY[ ies leI cMgw hovy jykr Kyq
ƒ 7-8 ih`isAW ivc vMifAw jwvy Aqy iek ih`sy ivc iek pMp iCVko qW jo iCVkwA iekswr
hovy[ iCVkwA krdy smyN spry dbwA 1.5-2.0 bwr r`Ko[ iekswr spry dbwA r`Kx leI
dbwA rYgUlytr vwlv dI vrqoN kro[ ndIn nwSkW dw iCVkwA nozl ƒ bgYr Gumwey, ie`k is`DI
p`tI ivc kro[ Kyq Kqm hox qy iCVkwA bMd kr idau Aqy dUjI iCVkwA vwlI p`tI pihlI
dy smwnAMqr hoxI cwhIdI hY Aqy qkrIbn 20-30 p®qISq iCVkwA pihlI p`tI dy aupr
Awauxw cwhIdw hY[ ndIn nwSk dvweI dy Gol ƒ cMgI qrHW ihlw ky pMp ivc pwE ikaNuik bhuq
swry ndIn nwSk Kws qOr qy pwaUfr vwly ndIn nwSk Gol dy Q`ly bYT jWdy hn[ pUry Kyq ivc
iCVkwA krn qoN bwAd jykr Gol dw ku`J ih`sw bc jwvy qW aus ƒ dubwrw iCVkwA nw kro[ jW
qW ausƒ ausy Pæsl dy dUsry Kyq ivc vrqo jW ausƒ KwlI jgHw qy fol idE[ iCVkwA leI hmysW
PlYt PYn jW Pl`f zY~t nozl dw iesqymwl kro Aqy kdy vI kon iksm dI nozl nw vrqo[
ndIn nwSkW dw iCVkwA krdy smyN nozl dI aucweI zmIn qoN jW Pæsl/ndIn dy auprly
p`iqAW qoN qkrIbn fyF Pu`t aucI hoxI cwhIdI hY[ Awm qOr qy dyiKAw igAw hY ik izmINdwr
kon iksm dI nozl vrqdy hn Aqy aus dI aucweI qkrIbn 4-5 Pu`t r`Kdy hn[ ijmINdwr Brw
iCVkwA dy smyN nozl ƒ ie`Dr-auDr vI GumwauNdy hn qW jo 8-10 Pu`t cOVI p`tI ivc iCVkwA
ie`k hI c`kr ivc Kqm ho jwvy[ ies qrHW iCVkwA krnw bhuq glq hY Aqy cMgy nqIjy nhI
imldy[ ndIn nwSkW dw iCVkwA nozl ƒ ie`Dr auDr GuMmw ky krn nwl qkrIbn qIjw ih`sw
Kyq bgYr dvweI dy iCVkwA qoN rih jWdw hY Aqy ies ih`sy ivc ndIn nhI mrdy jo ik Pæsl

142
dw JwV Gtwaux qoN ielwvw l`KW dI mwqrw ivc bIj vI pYdw krdy hn jo ik Awaux vwly swlW
ivc sm`isAw bxdy hn[ hmySW hvw dy 90 ifgrI kox qy iCVkwA kro Aqy kdy vI hvw qoN
aulty pwsy iCVkwA nw kro[ hvw dI izAwdw gqI (4 ik.mI. p®qI GMtw qoN izAwdw) ivc vI
iCVkwA nhI krnw cwhIdw[
7. ndIn nwSkW dI vrqoN leI swvDwnIAW
a. pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI v`loN mMnjæUr-Sæudw ndIn nwSk hI KrIdo Aqy kdy vI
dukwndwr dI mrzI dy muqwibk ndIn nwSk nw KrIdo[
A. ndIn nwSk KrIdx smyN aus dI p`kI rsId dukwndwr qoN zrUr lY lau[
e. ndIn nwSk dI cox Kyq ivc a`ugy ndInW dI iksm dy AwDwr qy kro[
s. kdy vI iCVkwA KwlI pyt nw kro Aqy iCVkwA krn qoN bwAd k`pVy auqwr dyxy cwhIdy hn
Aqy cMgI qrHW swbx lgw ky iesænwn krnw cwhIdw hY[
h. hvw dy ru`K dy ault kdy vI spryA nw kro[ prMqU iCVkwA ies qrIky nwl kro ik dvweI
hvw nwl au`f ky aupr nw pvy[
k. iCVkwA krn qoN pihlW Aqy bwAd ivc spryA pMp ƒ cMgI qrHW srPæ nwl Dovo[
K. hmySW iCVkwA G`t hvw vwly idn Aqy is`DI p`tI ivc kro[
g. dvweI dy Gol ƒ pMp dI tYNkI ivc pwaux qoN pihlW cMgI qrHW ihlw lYxw cwhIdw hY[
G. iCVkwA krn vyly dsqwny, mwsk, pUrI bWh dI kmIjæ Aqy pjæwmw/pYNt pw lYxy cwhIdy
hn[
|. &sl au~gx qoN pihlW jW pihlw pwxI lwaux qoN pihlW pwaux vwlIAW ndIn nwSkW dy
iCVkwA leI trYktr vwly pMp dI vrqo vI kIqI jw skdI hY[
c. Gol bxwaux leI Kwry pwxI dI vrqoN nw kro[
C. iCVkwA krn smyN nozl dI aucweI qkrIbn fyF Pu`t r`Ko Aqy ies ƒ ie`Dr-auDr nw
GuMmwE[
j. bcIAW hoeIAW ndIn nwSkW ƒ kItnwSk Aqy b`icAW dI phuMc qo pry r`Kxw cwhIdw hY[
J. koiSS kro ik ndIn nwSkW dy iCVkwA leI vrqy jwx vwly pMp kItnwSk Aqy au~lHInwSk
leI vrqy jwx vwly pMpW qo Al`g r`Ky jwx[

Awm ndInW dI rokQwm

Pwrm ivco bylV
o y bUitAW ijvyN ik rsiqAW qy KwlHW ivc au~gy ndIn mwrn leI iek eykV
ip`Cy 200 iltr pwxI ivc A`DI qoN iek iltr grYmYkson Gol ky iCVkx dI isPæwrsæ kIqI
jWdI hY[ G`t imkdwr puMgr rhy Aqy v`D imkdwr vDy Pu`ly hoey ndInW leI vrqI jwxI cwhIdI
hY [ ies qoN ielwvw glweI&osyt (rwaUNf A`p) 41 AYs AYl iek iltr jW AYksl myrw 71
AYs jI 600 gRwm pRqI eykV vI vrqI jw skdI hY [ ieh ndIn nwSk AwpxI Coh ivc Awaux
vwly hr pOdy ƒ mwr idMdIAW hn [ ies leI ies dy iCVkwA dy mgrooN pMp ƒ pwxI nwl Do ky
cMgI qrHW swPæ kr idE[

143
 gwjrbUtI (pwrQInIAm) dI rokQwm
ieh bwgW Aqy Ku`lHy QwvW qy pwieAw jwx vwlw mu`K ndIn hY [ ieh ndIn mnu`K dI ishq
leI bhuq nukswndwiek hY [ ies nwl AlrjI, dmw Aqy cmVI rog ho skdy hn [ ieh ndIn
&rvrI ivc pYdw huMdw hY [ brswq ru`q ivc bhuq qyzI nwl v`Ddw hY Aqy srdIAW ivc su`k
jWdw hY [ ies ndIn nUM vwr-vwr k`t ky jW jVHoN pu`t ky roikAw jw skdw hY [ ies qoN ielwvw
AYtrwtw& 50 fblXU pI (AYtrwzIn) 1.0-1.5 iklo pRqI eykV jW rwaUNfA`p 41 AYs AYl
(glweI&osyt) 1.0 iltr pRqI eykV jW AYksl myrw (glweI&osyt) 71 AYs jI, 600 gRwm pRqI
eykV dy ihswb nwl iCVko [ gwjr bUtI nUM au~gx qoN pihlW jW Pu`l Awaux qoN pihlW AYtrwzIn
nwl AswnI nwl mwirAw jw skdw hY [

BMg dI rokQwm
ieh ndIn AxvwhIAW zmInW/ryl lweInW, nihrW, KwlI QwvW Aqy hux bwgW Aqy &slW
iv`c bVI sm`isAw bxdw jw irhw hY [ ies dy bUty JwVI vrgy 5 qoN 6 Pu`t aucy huMdy hn [ BMg
dy bUitAW (Kws qOr qy p`qy) iv`c nSIlw q`q huMdw hY, ijs krky ies nUM ie`k nSy dy qOr qy vI
vriqAw jWdw hY [ ies nUM vwr-vwr k`t ky jW jVoN pu`t ky nSt kIqw jw skdw hY [ ies dI
rokQwm rwaUNfA`p/glweIisl 41 AYs AYl (glweIPosyt) 1.5% (100 iltr pwxI iv`c 1.5
iltr ndIn nwSk) jW grYmYkson 24 AYs AYl (pYrwkuAwt fweIklorweIf) 0.5% (100 iltr
pwxI iv`c 500 imlIiltr ndIn nwSk) dy ihswb iCVkwA krn nwl vI kIqI jw skdI hY [
ienHW ndIn nwSkW dw Asr jdoN bUtw v`Dx Pu`lx dI AvsQw iv`c hovy (Pu`l Awaux qoN pihlW),
vDyry huMdw hY [ jykr loV pvy qW spryA dubwrw vI kIqI jw skdI hY [

144
 14. cUihAW Aqy pMCIAW dI rokQwm
cUhy &slW dw BwrI nukswn krdy hn ijs krky ienHW dI rokQwm bhuq zrUrI hY [ cUhy
AwpxI idmwgI sUJ-bUJ, izAwdw b`cy jMmx dI Xogqw qy Awpxy Awp nUM Awly-duAwly dy vwqwvrx
AnukUl Fwl lYx dI smr`Qw krky AwpxI jn-sMiKAw lgwqwr vDwauNdy rihMdy hn[ ieh Aksr
Ku`fW iv`c rihMdy hn [ ienHW iv`c suAwd qy suMGx dI SkqI bVI qyz hY [ ienHW ivc Bojn dI
cox bhuq Kws hY [ auprokq ivSySqwvW krky cUihAW dI rokQwm kIt-pqMigAW qy pMCIAW
dI rokQwm qoN muSkl qy v`KrI hY [ iBMn iBMn cUhymwr qrIikAW nUM shI smyN qy shI FMg nwl
Apnwauxw bhuq zrUrI hY [
cUihAW dIAW iksmW Aqy aunHW dI vMf : mu`K qOr qy 8 iksmW dy cUhy qy cUhIAW pMjwb dy KyqW
iv`c imldy hn [ ienHW ivc AMnHW cUhw, nrm cmVI vwlw cUhw, JwVIAW dw cUhw, BUrw cUhw, lMfw
cUhw, GrW dI cUhI, KyqW dI cUhI qy BUrI cUhI ivSyS hn [ ienHW ivcoN AMnHw cUhw qy nrm cmVI
vwlw cUhw kxk-Jonw qy gMnw augwaux vwly ielwky qy byt dy ielwky iv`c izAwdw huMdy hn [
JwVIAW dw cUhw qy BUrw cUhw ryqly qy KuSk ielwikAW iv`c, nrm cmVI vwlw cUhw k`lrI zmIn
iv`c qy JwVIAW dw cUhw kMfI dy ielwky (izlHw huiSAwrpur) ivc izAwdw huMdw hY[
&slW dw nukswn : QoVHw bhuq nukswn qW cUhy hryk &sl dw hr AvsQw qy krdy hn
pr mu`K &slW nUM izAwdw nukswn, au~gx qy p`kx vyly hI huMdw hY [ ies leI cUhy mwrn dI
ivauNqbMdI mu`K &slW dy au~gx qy p`kx smyN Anuswr krnI cwhIdI hY [
kxk dy au~gx qy p`kx vyly cUihAW duAwrw nukswn kRmvwr 2.9% qy 4.5% hY [ mtrW
ivc ieh nukswn qkrIbn 1.1% au~gx vyly qy 5.9% p`kx vyly Aqy isAwlU m`kI dy au~gx
vyly ieh nukswn 10.7% hY [ kxk dy ijnHW KyqW pws kmwd dy Kyq, nihr jW sVk l`gdI hY
qy byt dy ielwikAW ivc ieh nukswn kxk dy p`kx q`k 25% q`k ho skdw hY qy ies krky
ienHW QwvW qy vDyry iDAwn dyx dI loV hY [

cUihAW dI rokQwm dy qrIky

a) mSInI qrIky :
1. cUihAW nUM mwrnw : &slW dI ktweI qoN bwAd rOxI vyly pwxI nwl BrIAW Ku`fW ivcoN
inkldy cUihAW nUM fMifAW nwl mwro [
2. ipMjirAW dI vrqoN :
* ipMjrw : pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI duAwrw ivksq do KwinAW vwlw ipMjrw ijsdw
dwKl rsqw gol nlI Akwr dw hY Aqy ijs nwl ieko smyN keI cUhy PVy jw skdy hn jW iPr
koeI hor cMgw ipMjrw iesqymwl kro [ ipMjirAW nUM muSk rihq krn leI vrqoN qoN pihlW cMgI
qrHW Dovo[ KyqW ivc cUihAW dy Awaux jwx dy swry rsiqAW, cUihAW dy nukswn vwlIAW QwvW qy
G`to G`t 16 ipMjry pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl r`Ko [ GrW, gudwmW, murgIKwinAW Awid iv`c ipMjry

145
(ie`k ipMjrw pRqI 4 qoN 8 vrg mI. rkbw) dIvwrW dy nwl nwl kmirAW dIAW nukrW, Anwj
jmW krn vwlIAW vsqW Aqy sMdUkW Awid dy ip`Cy r`Ko [ kolf storW iv`c ipMjry nUM iksy A^bwr
dy kwgj nwl lpyt ky r`Ko [ ipMjry dy nlIdwr dwKl rsqy qy kwgz dw tukVw r`Ko [
* gyJ pwauxw : vDyry cUhy PVn vwsqy cUihAW nUM ipMjirAW iv`c igJwau [ hr ipMjry iv`c
10-15 gRwm bwjrw jW juAwr jW kxk dw dlIAw ijs iv`c 2% pIsI hoeI KMf Aqy 2%
mUMgPlI jW sUrjmuKI dw qyl imilAw hovy, do qoN iqMn idnW q`k r`Ko qy ipMjirAW dw ipClw mUMh
Ku`lHw rihx idau[
* cUihAW nUM PVnw : gyJ pwaux qoN bwAd ipMjry AMdr kwgz dy tukVy aupr 10-15 gRwm
Aqy ies dy nlIdwr dwKl rsqy aupr cutkI ku bwjry jW jvwr dy dwxy jW kxk dw dlIAw r`K
ky iesdw mUMh bMd kr idau [ ies qrHW iqMn idn lgwqwr cUhy PVo [
not : PVy hoey cUihAW nUM pwxI iv`c fubo ky mwro [ dubwrw ipMjirAW dI vrqoN G`to G`t
30 idnW dy vk&y mgroN kro [ ieko QW qy bwr bwr ipMjry nw r`Ko Aqy hr vwr ipMjry dI QW
bdlo[

A) rswiexk qrIky :
zihrIlw cogw pwaux dI ivDI : cUihAW dw zihrIly cog nUM Kwxw, zihrIly cog ivc vrqy
gey dwixAW dI kuAwiltI, suAwd Aqy mihk au~pr inrBr krdw hY [ ies leI zihrIlw cog
hyT ilKIAW ivDIAW nwl bxwE [
1. izMk &ws&weIf (2%) (kwlI dvweI) vwlw cogw : bwjrw, jvwr jW kxk dw drV jW
ienHW swirAW AnwjW dw imSrx 1 iklo lE qy aus ivc 20 gRwm sUrjmuKI jW mUMgPlI dw qyl
qy 25 gRwm izMk &ws&weIf dvweI pw ky cMgI qrHW imlwE [
cyqwvnI : ies cogy ivc kdy vI pwxI nw imlwau qy hmySW qwzw iqAwr kIqw cogw vrqo [
iek hI &sl ivc 2 vwr izMk &ws&weIf dvweI vrqx ivckwr smW G`to G`t 2 mhIny hoxw
Aiq zrUrI hY [
2. bromwfwielon (0.005%) vwlw cogw : 0.25% qwkq dw 20 gRwm bromwfwielon
pwaUfr, 20 gRwm sUrjmuKI jW mUMgPlI dw qyl qy 20 gRwm pIsI KMf, 1 iklo iksy vI Anwj dy
Awty iv`c imlwE[

cogw r`Kx dw smW qy ivDI :

1. nvMbr-dsMbr mhIny ivc vrqoN : ies smyN dOrwn cUihAW dIAW Ku`fW KyqW, KwlW Aqy
KwlI zmIn ivc AswnI nwl l`B jWdIAW hn[ Swm nUM swrIAW Ku`fW bMd kro Aqy Agly idn
qwzIAW Ku`lHIAW Ku`fW iv`c 10 gRwm izMk &ws&weIf jW bromwfwielon vwly cogy nUM kwgz dIAW
iF`lIAW puVIAW iv`c qkrIbn 6 ieMc Ku`f AMdr r`Ko [ AMnyH cUhy dI Ku`f auproN iDAwn nwl im`tI
htwau qy Ku`f iv`c fUMGweI qy zihrIlw cogw r`Ko [
2. A`D &rvrI qoN SurU mwrc dOrwn vrqoN : ieh smW kxk dI &sl iv`c cUhy mwrn leI
bVw FukvW hY ikauNik ies qoN pihlW bhuq TMF krky qy ies smyN qoN bwAd &sl dy duDIAw
dwxy auplbD hox krky cUhy cogw nhIN KWdy[ cUhymwr muihMm dI kwmXwbI leI hyTlI ivDI
ApxwE [

146
 cUihAW nUM gyJ pwauxI : izMk &ws&weIf dvweI dI vrqoN smyN cUihAW nUM gyJ pwauxI bhuq
zrUrI hY [ ies leI 1 iklo bwjrw jW juAwr jW kxk dw drV jW ienHW AnwjW dy imSrx iv`c
20 gRwm qyl pw ky imlwE [ ies cogy nUM iek eykV iv`c 40 QwvW qy 10-10 gRwm hr iek QW
qy 2-3 idnW leI r`Ko [ ies qrHW 1 iklo cogw FweI eykV leI kwPI hY [
zihrIlw cogw pwauxw : auprokq qrIky nwl iqAwr kIqw zihrIlw cogw 1 eykV ivc 40
QwvW qy 10 gRwm hr iek jgHw qy r`Ko [
3. ibnW vhweI vwly kxk dy KyqW ivc cogw r`Kx dw smW qy ivDI: cUihAW dI ibnW vhweI
vwly kxk dy KyqW ivc igxqI Aqy ienHW duAwrw &slW nUM nukswn, vwhy hoey KyqW qoN izAwdw
huMdw hY [ ienHW KyqW ivc kxk bIjx qoN pihlW AkqUbr (A^Ir) qoN SurU nvMbr dOrwn zihrIly
cogy nUM Ku`fW ivc pwE Aqy Pyr KVHI &sl ivc (A`D &rvrI qoN SurU mwrc dOrwn) kwgzW au~qy
zihrIlw cogw r`Ko, qW jo cUihAW duAwrw ibnW vhweI vwly kxk dy KyqW ivc kIqy nukswn qy
kwbU pwieAw jw sky [

swvDwnIAW :
1. cUhymwr dvweIAW qy zihrIlw cogw b`icAW qy pwlqU jwnvrW dI phuMc qoN dUr r`Ko [
2. cogy ivc zihrIlI dvweI sotI, Kurpw jW h`QW qy rbV dy dsqwny pw ky imlwE [ zihr nUM
mUMh, n`k qy A`KW ivc pYx qoN bcwE[
3. zihrIlw cogw bxwaux leI kdy rsoeI dy BWfy nw vrqo [
4. zihrIlw cogw r`Kx Aqy iljwx leI pOlIQIn dy il&w&y vrqo Aqy ipCoN aunHW nUM dbwA
idE[
5. bicAw hoieAw cogw Aqy KyqW ivcoN mry hoey cUhy iek`Ty krky dbwA idau[
6. izMk &ws&weIf mnu`KW leI bhuq hwnIkwrk hY Aqy ies dw Asr koeI vI dvweI nhIN htw
skdI [ ies leI hwdsw hox qy mrIz dy gly ivc auNglIAW mwr ky aultI krw idE Aqy
mrIz nUM fwktr kol lY jwE [ bromwfwielon dw Asr ivtwimn ‘ky’ nwl G`t jWdw hY [
ieh ivtwimn fwktr dI ingrwnI hyT id`qw jw skdw hY [
e) vwqwvrx rwhIN rokQwm : ndIn Gwh Aqy JwVIAW pu`t idau ikauNik ieh cUihAW nUM
lukx Aqy ^urwk leI mdd idMdy hn [ cUihAW dIAW purwxIAW Ku`fW nUM Kqm krn leI v`tW,
Kwl Awid smyN smyN isr Fwh ky dubwrw bxwau [ sVkW, nihrW qy rylvy lweInW nwl KwlI peIAW
zmInW Aqy jMglW dy nwl bykwr zmInW cUihAW dy vwDy ivc mdd krdIAW hn ies leI ienHW
QwvW dy nwl l`gdIAW &slW nUM cUihAW qoN bcwaux leI cUihAW nUM mwrn dy aupwA krdy rihxw
cwhIdw hY[
s) kudrqI rokQwm : au~lU, ie`lW, iSkry, bwj, s`p, ib`lIAW, inauly qy ig`dV cUihAW nUM
KWdy hn qy aunHW dy kudrqI duSmx hn [ ienHW nUM nw mwro [
h) bhup`KI ivauNqbMdI nwl rokQwm : auprokq d`sy cUhymwr qrIikAW ivcoN iksy vI iek
qrIky nwl swry cUhy nhIN mwry jw skdy[ iek smyN dI rokQwm qoN bwAd bcy hoey cUhy bVI qyzI
nwl b`cy jMm ky rokQwm qoN pihlW vwlI igxqI ivc Aw jWdy hn [ ies leI &slW dIAW Al`g

147
Al`g AvsQwvW qy bhup`KI ivauNqbMdI nwl iek qoN v`D qrIky Apxw ky cUihAW dI rokQwm kro
ijvyN ik KyqW nUM pwxI lwaux vyly cUhy fMifAW nwl mwro [ &sl bIjx qoN bwAd FukvyN simAW qy
rswiexk qrIky auprokq ivDIAW nwl ApxwE[ izMk &ws&weIf dvweI vrqx qoN POrn bwAd
Agr loV pvy qW bromwfwielon hI vrqo [
ipMf p`Dr qy cUhymwr muihMm : QoVHy rkby ivc cUihAW dI rokQwm byAsr swbq huMdI hY
ikauNik nwl lgdy KyqW ivcoN cUhy muV Aw vsdy hn [ ies leI cMgy nqIjy hwsl krn leI
cUhymwr muihMm dw ipMf p`Dr qy Apnwauxw bhuq jrUrI hY, ijs ivc iek ipMf dI swrI zmIn
(bIjI hoeI, bwgW vwlI, jMglwq vwlI Aqy KwlI) au~qy iek`Ty qOr qy cUihAW dw Kwqmw kIqw
jwvy [

&slW dw pMCIAW qoN bcwA

pMCI KyqI nUM Pwiedw vI krdy hn qy nukswn vI [ ieQoN q`k ik iek qrHW dy pMCI vI v`K-
v`K hwlqW ivc lwBdwiek jW hwnIkwrk ho skdy hn [ pMjwb ivc imlx vwly 300 iksm dy
pMCIAW ivcoN kuJ hI &slW Aqy &lW dw Aqy godwmW, SYlrW Aqy mMfIAW ivc dwixAW nUM nukswn
krdy hn [ isr& qoqw hI iek Aijhw pMCI hY jo KyqI nUM koeI &wiedw nhIN krdw [
hwnIkwrk pMCI : qoqw sB qoN izAwdw hwnIkwrk pMCI hY jo qkrIbn swrIAW &slW qy &lW
nUM bhuq nukswn krdw hY [ ieh sUrjmuKI leI Kws qOr qy hwnIkwrk hY [ Gu`gIAW, kbUqr Aqy
ibjVy gudwmW Aqy SYlrW qoN qkrIbn 2.4 kroV rupey slwnw dy mu`l dw Jonw Kw jWdy hn [

hwnIkwrk pMCIAW qoN bcwA dy qrIky :

a) XWqirk ivDI :
1. ptwikAW dy Dmwky v`K v`K vk&y qy pMCI aufwaux leI kro [
2. frny dI vrqoN kro : frny dI vrqoN bhuq purwxy smyN qoN kIqI jw rhI hY [ ie`k purwxI im`tI
dI hWfI Awid lY ky aus au~qy rMg nwl mnu`KI isr aulIk id`qw jWdw hY qy ausnUM Kyq ivc
g`fy fMifAW qy itkw ky mnu`KI poSwk puAw id`qI jWdI hY [ iesnUM mnu`K smJ ky pMCI Kyq dy
nyVy nhIN AwauNdy [ frny dI QW, idSw Aqy puSwk ds idn dy vkPy qy bdl dyxI cwhIdI hY[
frnw &sl dI aucweI qoN G`to G`t iek mItr au~cw hoxw cwhIdw hY[
3. svYcwlk pMCI aufwaux vwlI mSIn dy nwl nwl bMdUk dy Dmwky krky mSIn dI QW lgwqwr
bdl ky pMCIAW nUM aufwaux iv`c kw&I shweI huMdI hY [ ie`k hor Aswn qrIkw hY ijs iv`c
AsIN r`sI nwl hr Cy qoN A`T ieMc dI dUrI dy au~qy ptwikAW dy Coty-Coty bMfl bMnH idMdy hW
Aqy r`sI nUM QlVy ih`sy qoN DuKw idMdy hW [ ies qrHW ptwikAW dy A`g PVx nwl v`K-v`K smyN
qy Dmwky huMdy hn ijs nwl puMgr rhI qy p`k rhI &sl qoN pMCIAW nUM aufwieAw jw skdw
hY[ bIj dy puMgrx dI AvsQw smyN ptwikAW dI r`sI Kyq dy ivckwr ltkwE jd ik &sl
dy p`kx vyly Kyq dy kMFy QoVI dUr ltkwxI cwhIdI hY [
A) rvwieqI qrIky :
1. sUrjmuKI Aqy m`kI vrgIAW kImqI &slW dy Awly-duAwly bwhrlIAW do iqMn lweInW iv`c
G`t kImqI &slW ijvyN ik FYNcw jW bwjrw ijhVw ik pMCIAW duAwrw Kwx leI psMd vI
kIqw jWdw hY Kyq iv`c bIjIAW &slW nUM nukswn qoN bcw skdw hY [ ies qoN ielwvw ienHW

148
 &slW dw k`d lMbw hox krky ieh hvw rokx dw kMm vI krdIAW hn Aqy hnHyrI-J`KV jW
b`dlvweI smyN Kyq AMdrlI &sl nUM if`gx qoN vI bcwauNdIAW hn [
2. ijQoN q`k sMBv ho sky m`kI Aqy sUrjmuKI dI ibjweI pMCIAW dy Aksr bYTx vwlIAW QwvW
jW sMGxy ibrKW Aqy &sl dy auproN lMGdIAW ibjlI dIAW qwrW Awid qoN dUr krnI cwhIdI
hY [
3. sUrjmuKI Aqy m`kI dI &sl nUM qoqy dy nukswn qoN bcwaux leI ienHW dI ibjweI v`fy rkby
(G`to G`t do iqMn eykV) iv`c krnI cwhIdI hY ikauNik qoqw &sl dy AMdr jw ky Kwx qoN
guryz krdw hY [
e) cyqwvnI-AvwzW
qoqy Aqy kwvW dIAW cyqwvnI BrIAW Aqy pMCIAW dy JuMfW dIAW AvwjW ie`k kYist iv`c
BrIAW hoeIAW hn [ ieh kYistW sMcwr kyNdr pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI iv`c auplbD hn [
ienHW kYstW iv`c BrIAW AvwjW nUM typ-irkwrfr iv`c au~cI Avwz iv`c iek GMty dy vk&y nwl,
A`Dy GMty vwsqy do vwrI svyry 7.00 qoN 9.00 Aqy Swm nUM 5.00 qoN 7.00 vjy dOrwn vjwaux nwl
nvIN bIjI &sl, puMgr rhI &sl jW p`k rhI &sl vwly KyqW Aqy bwgW ivcoN pMCI pUry idn
vwsqy au~f jWdy hn Aqy muV vwps nhIN AwauNdy [ cyqwvnI AwvwzW jW pMCIAW dy JuMfW dIAW
AvwjW dy vjwaux dw Asr pMdrW qoN vIh idn q`k rihMdw hY[ ies ivDI nUM qrqIbvwr jW iek
qoN v`D qrIikAW nwl, iek sMXojk ivDI Anuswr vrqx nwl cMgy nqIjy hwsl kIqy jw skdy
hn[ izAwdw rkby iv`c pMCIAW nUM aufwaux leI AYmplI&wier Aqy zrUrq Anuswr v`D spIkrW
dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY [
lwBdwiek pMCI : iSkwrI pMCI, ijvyN ik au~lU, bwz, ie`lW Awid bhuq mwqrw iv`c cUhy KWdy
hn[ Awm qOr qy iek au~lU iek idn iv`c 4-5 cUhy Kw jWdw hY [ kIVy-mkOVy Kwx vwly pMCI
ijvyN ik koqvwl, syrVIAW, bu`cV pMCI, ttIhrIAW, gutwrW Aqy keI hor Coty pMCI Axgixq
hwnIkwrk kIVy-mkOiVAW nUM Kw jWdy hn [ ieQoN q`k ik Anwj Kwx vwly icVIAW Aqy ibjiVAW
vrgy pMCI vI Awpxy b`icAW nUM bhuq swry kIVy-mkOVy KuAwauNdy hn [ icVIAW dw iek joVw
iek idn ivc qkrIbn 250 vwr Awpxy b`icAW nUM cogw KuAwauNdw hY [ ies krky lwBdwiek
pMCIAW nUM mwrnw nhIN cwhIdw [ sgoN aunHW nUM &slW v`l keI qrIikAW nwl AwkriSq kIqw jw
skdw hY [

149
 15. Sihd dIAW m`KIAW pwlxw
Sihd m`KI pwlx qoN Bwv m`KIAW nUM clq PrymW/ C`iqAW vwly l`kV dy bkisAW iv`c r`Kxw[
aunHW qoN Sihd Aqy hor hweIv pdwrQ lYx leI Aqy PæslW dy prprwgx leI aunHW dw loVINdw
Xog pRbMD krnw hY[ pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI duAwrw XUrp o IAn Sihd m`KI (AYips
mYlIPYrw) dI ietYlIAn iksm nUM Bwrq ivc ilAw ky ies nUM kwmXwbI nwl sQwipq kIqw[
ieh iksm pMjwb dy grm Aqy mYdwnI ielwikAW leI Anukl U hY[ Sihd m`KIAW dy ktuMb iv`c
ie`k rwxI m`KI, keI hzwr kwmw m`KIAW Aqy ktuMbW dy vwDy smyN sYNkVy fron (nr) m`KIAW
huMdIAW hn[ Sihd m`KIAW pwlx iksy BrosyXog Adwry qoN isKlweI hwsl krn qoN bwAd hI
SurU kro[

1. Pu`l Pulwkw
pMjwb iv`c vwDU Sihd iek`Tw krn dy mu`K somy qorIAw, sroHN, sPYdw, sUrjmuKI, Arhr,
nwSpwqI, kpwh, nrmw, brsIm Aqy Ctwlw Awid hn[ twhlI, k`duU jwqI dIAW vylW, m`kI,
lIcI, byr, AmrUd, inMbU jwqI dy bUty, KYr Awid drimAwnI mh`qqw vwly Sihd, polx jW dovW
dy somy hn[

2. swjo-smwn
ds PrymW vwlw m`KIAW pwlx dw bksw, rwxI inKyVU jwlI, isr Aqy ichry au `pr pihnx
vwlI jwlI, PrymW nUM ihlwaux vwlI KurpI, DUMAW dyx leI DONkxI, sY `l topIAW lwhux vwlw cwkU,
Sihd k`Fx leI tryA, Sihd k`Fx dI mSIn, buinAwdI SItW Aqy rwxI dw ipMjrw Awid
loVINdy aupkrx hn[

3. Sihd dIAW m`KIAW pwlxw SurU krn dw smW

pMjwb iv`c Sihd m`KIAW pwlx SurU krn leI do Fu`kvyN smyN PrvrI-mwrc Aqy
AkqUbr-nvMbr hn[ PrvrI-mwrc dw smW m`KIAW dw DMdw SurU krn leI izAwdw FukvW hY,
ikauNik ies smyN Pu`l-Pulwkw kwPæI imldw hY, mOsm suKwvW huMdw hY Aqy A`goN lgwqwr idn
v`fy huMdy jWdy hn[

4. Sihd m`KI Pwrm leI QW dI cox

Sihd m`KIAW pwlx leI AijhI QW Fu`kvIN huMdI hY, ij`Qy lgBg swrw swl P`ul Pulwkw,
qwzy pwxI dw pRbMD, loV Anuswr Du`p Aqy CW, G`t qoN G`t KVkw Aqy trYktr trwlI Awid
phuMcx dI sOK hovy[ m`KIAW r`Kx vwlI QW p`DrI Aqy swPæ hovy Aqy hVH Awid dI mwr qoN dUr
hovy[ Sihd m`KIAW dy bksy grmIAW ivc CWvyN Aqy srdI iv`c Du`p iv`c r`Ko[ bkisAW dw
gyt d`Kx-pUrbI idSw v`l hoxw cwhIdw hY[ bkisAW dIAW kqwrW iv`c G`t- o G`t ds Pu`t Aqy
bksy qoN bksy iv`c G`t- o G`t iqMn Pu`t dw &wslw zrUr r`Ko[ do kqwrW iv`c r`Ky bksy ie`k
dUjy dy A`gy ip`Cy nw r`Ko[
150
5. Sihd m`KI ktuMbW dI mOsmI sWB-sMBwl
a) bsMq ru`q (m`D PrvrI qoN m`D ApRYl)
ieh mOsm Sihd m`KIAW pwlx dw DMdw SurU krn, rwxI m`KIAW iqAwr krn, ktuMbW dI
igxqI vDwaux, rwiel jYlI pYdw krn Aqy prwg iek`Tw krn leI bhuq Fu`kvW hY[ ies mOsm
iv`c Sihd m`KI ktuMbW dy pRbMD bwry jwxkwrI A`gy id`qI geI hY[
ktuMbW dw inrIKx krnw: Sihd m`KIAW dy bkisAW nUM hvw bMd Aqy Du`p vwly idn Kol ky
inrIKx kro[ AMdr id`qI hoeI srdI dI pYikMg k`F idE Aqy bksy dy PrS nUM sw& krky
swrI rihMd-KUMhd iek`TI krky ies nUM jlw idE jW zmIn iv`c d`b idE[
ktuMb iv`c hor jgHw dyxI : bksy ivc loV muqwibk hor bxy-bxwey C`qy jW mom dIAW
buinAwdI SItW l`gy Prym idE[ jykr brUf cYNbr iv`c m`KIAW dy swry C`qy pUry Bry hox qW
vwDU jgHW dyx leI supr cYNbr dI vrqoN kro[
svwrm Aqy aus dI rokQwm: izAwdw blqw Aqy BIV vwly ktuMb ies mOsm ivc svwrm
kr jWdy hn[ svwrm krn smyN purwxI rwxI m`KI Awpxy nwl lgBg A`DIAW kwmw m`KIAW
nUM lY ky aou `f jWdI hY[ ktuMbW nUM svwrm dyx qoN rokx leI ktuMbW iv`c hor jgHw idE Aqy
S`kI ktuMbW dw QoVHy-QoVHy idnW bwAd inrIKx krdy rho[ jykr ie`k cMgI rwxI dy huMdy hoey vI
ktuMb rwxI sY~l bxw lvy qW aunHW rwxI sY~lW nUM qoV idE[ rwxI m`KI dy ie`k pwsy dy KMB
lMbweI ru`KoN qkrIbn 1/3 qoN 1/2 ih`sw k`t idE[ svwrm dI izAwdw qWG vwly ktMub nUM
vMf ky do ktuMb bxw idE[
C`qy Aqy rwxI dw bdlwE: iqMn swl purwxy C`qy Aqy fyF swl qoN purwxI rwxI m`KI nUM
bdl idE[
auqSwhk Kurwk dyxI : Sihd m`KIAW dI bwhr PæslW dy Pu`lW qy jwx dI qWG vDwaux leI
KMf dw pqlw Gol (do ih`sy pwxI Aqy ie`k ih`sw KMf) bxw ky auqSwhk Kurwk vjoN idE[
bImwrIAW Aqy iccVIAW qoN bcwA: XUropIAn PwaUl brUf Aqy sYk brUf bImwrIAW bwry
sucyq rho Aqy ienHW dy hox dy S`k dI sUrq iv`c mwihrW dI slwh lE Aqy suJwey rokQwm
auprwly kro, gYr- rswiexk qrIikAW nUM qrjIh idE[ bwhrI prjIvI iccVIAW dy hmly qoN
ktuMbW nUM bcwaux leI Xog auprwly kro, ijnHW bwry vrnx A`gy kIqw igAw hY[
A) grmI ru`q (m`D ApRYl qoN jUn)
grmIAW ivc Sihd m`KIAW nUM ktuMb AMdr qwpmwn nUM Gtw ky 34-35 ifgrI sYlsIAs
r`Kxw pYNdw hY[ grmI ru`qy vDyry Sihd dI pRwpqI leI m`KIAW dy ktuMbW dI loVINdI Aqy smyN
isr iqAwrI leI hyT ilKy auprwly kro:
ktMubW nUM CWvyN r`Kxw: bsMq dy A^Ir jW grmI dy SurU iv`c hI bksy 2-3 Pu`t hr roz
dy ihswb nwl dr`KqW dI CWvyN iKskw dyvo[ vDyry iv`Q hox dI sUrq iv`c ienHW ktMubW nUM
iksy idn dyr Swm vyly G`to-G`t 3 iklomItr dUr lY jwvo Aqy ie`k hPæqy bwAd ienHW nUM
vwps is`Dw Fu`kvIN CW vwlI QW ilAw ky r`K idE [
qwzy pwxI dw pRbMD: brUf nUM KuAwaux leI Sihd pqlw krn Aqy ktuMb dw loVINdw
qwpmwn kwiem r`Kx leI kwmw m`KIAW nUM pwxI dI zrUrq huMdI hY[ ies leI Sihd m`KI

151
Pwrm dy iv`c jW nyVy hI qwzy pwxI dw pRbMD kro [ Sihd m`KIAW dy bkisAW dy stYNfW hyTW
pwxI dy TUhly r`K ky jW itaUbvY~l dy pwxI vwly cub`cy iv`c su`kIAW tihxIAW Awid su`t ky Sihd
m`KIAW duAwrw auQoN pwxI lYx dw pRbMD kro[
vDyyry Sihd dI pRwpqI: auprokq mMqv leI Sihd dI Awmd smyN ktuMbW dI blqw v`D qoN
v`D hoxI cwhIdI hY Aqy brsIm Aqy sUrjmuKI qoN v`D qoN v`D Sihd lYx leI hyT d`sy pRbMD
kro[
• bsMq ru`qy Fu`kvW pRbMD : ktuMbW iævc bsMq ru`qy SurU qoN hI izAwdw AMfy dyx vwlI nvIN rwxI
bhwl kro[ ieh auprwlw nYktr dI Awmd qoN fyF mhIny pihlW hI krnw cwhIdw hY[
• ktuMbW nUM vDyry jgHw dyxI : ktuMb nUM bxy hoey C`qy jW buinAwdI SItW vwly Prym idE[
m`KIAW nUM bksy AMdr loVINdI jgHw dyx leI supr cYNbr lgwE[ supr cYNbr lgwaux
vyly brUf cYNbr ivcoN Sihd vwly C`qy k`F ky supr cYNbr iv`c dy idE[ Ku`lx nyVy brUf
vwly C`qy hyToN aNu~pr krky au~pr Sihd stor krn leI Aqy hyTW brUf leI QW bxwE
Aqy brUf cYNbr iv`c kwmw m`KIAW dy sY~lW vwly C`qy idE[
• inK`tU m`KIAW dI igxqI Gtwauxw: jy ktuMb ivc inK`tU izAwdw hox qW auh kwPæI Kurwk
Kw jWdy hn[ ktuMb ivc byloVy inK`tU pYdw hox qoN bcx Aqy aunHW dI igxqI Gtwaux
leI jvwn rwxI m`KI vrqo, inK`tU sY `lW vwly C`qy nw idau[ inK`tU brUf nSt kro Aqy
inK`tU trYp vrqo[
• ktuMbW nUM hvwdwr bnwauxw: Sihd dy jldI p`kx leI ktuMbW AMdr hor QW muh`eIAw
krky, brUf cYNbr Aqy supr cYNbr nUM QoVHw A`g-
y ipCy ihlw ky, gyt v`fw krky, PrS (bOtm
borf) Aqy brUf cYNbr jW supr Aqy AMdrly F`kx ivcwly brIk f`ky r`K ky, supr cYNbr
dy ip`Cy vwDU gyt dy ky Aqy AMdrlw jwlIdwr F`kx vrq ky ktuMb nUM hvwdwr bxwE[
• ktuMbW nUM joVnw: ktuMb ijnHW izAwdw blqw vwlw hovygw, aunHW hI izAwdw Sihd iek`Tw
krygw[ Sihd k`Fx qoN qkrIbn fyF mhInw pihlW kmzor ktuMbW nUM Awps iv`c imlw ky
qkVy kro jW do rwxIAW vwlw pRbMD ApxwE[
• rwxI inKyVU jwlI dI vrqoN : Sihd dI Awmd dOrwn brUf rihq Sihd-C`qy lYx leI
rwxI m`KI nUM brUf cYNbr iv`c C`f ky brUf cYNbr Aqy supr cYNbr ivcwly rwxI inKyVU jwlI
dI vrqoN kro [
Sihd k`Fxw : Sihd k`Fx vyly iDAwn r`Ko ik ktuMb iv`c vrKw ru`q leI loVINdI Kurwk
rih jwvy[ ies leI Sihd k`Fx iv`c izAwdw ipCyq nw kro[ isrPæ p`ikAw hoieAw (sIl)
Sihd hI brUf-rihq C`iqAW ivcoN k`Fo[ sUrjmuKI Aqy brsIm dw Sihd meI AMq q`k k`F
lE[
iccVIAW Aqy bImwrIAW qoN bcwA: Sihd m`KI ktuMbW nUM ic`cVIAW Aqy bImwrIAW qoN
bcwaux leI isPwrS kIqy FMg nwl sWB sMBwl kro[
e) vrKw rùq (julweI qoN m`D sqMbr)
vrKw r`uq Sihd m`KIAW leI suKwvIN nhIN huMdI [ Kurwk dI qoV ho jwx kwrn qkVy ktuMb

152
kmzor ktuMbW dI rOibMg SurU kr idMdy hn [ kmzor ktuMbW qy duSmxW dw hmlw vI izAwdw hMudw
hY[ ies mOsm iv`c Sihd m`KIAW dI sWB sMBwl leI hyT ilKy auprwly kro:
ktuMbW dw inrIKx Aqy s&weI: vrKw ru`q dy SurU iv`c ktMubW dw inrIKx kro [ kmzor
Aqy rwxI rihq ktuMbW nUM dUsry rwxI sihq ktuMbW nwl imlw idE[ bOtm borf qy pey kUVy
iv`c mom kIVy dIAW suMfIAW plxIAW SurU ho jWdIAW hn jo ik bwAd ivc C`iqAW qy hmlw kr
idMdIAW hn[ ies leI bOtm borf qoN kUVw-krkt iek`Tw krky fUMGw d`b idE jW swV idE
Aqy kdy-kdy bOtm borf nUM Du`p lgvwE[
ktuMbW nUM hvwdwr bnwauxw: mINh, is`l Aqy hvw ruk jwx nwl ktuMb iv`c huMms ho jWdw
hY[ vrKw ru`q iv`c ktuMbW nUM hvwdwr bxw ky r`Ko[ bksy dy Awsy-pwisEN Gwh-PUs Aqy
dr`KqW dIAW tihxIAW jo hvw leI rukwvt bxdIAW hn, k`t idE[ ktuMb au `cI jgHw qy r`Ko
Aqy pwxI dy toby Aqy zIrI dy KyqW qoN dUr itkwE[
vwDU C`qy sMBwlxw: KwlI C`qy bkisAW ivcoN k`F ky isPwrS kIqy FMg muqwibk hvwbMd kmry
jW supr cYNbrW ivc slPæws jW slPr dI DUxI dy ky r`Ko[
mnsUeI Kurwk dyxI : Kurwk dI Gwt nUM pUrw krn leI ktuMbW nUM aunHW dI loV Anuswr KMf
Aqy pwxI dw Gol ( ie`k ih`sw KMf ie`k ih`sw pwxI) dI mnsUeI Kurwk Aqy stor kIqw hoieAw
prwg idE [ Kurwk swry hI ktuMbW nUM Aqy SwmI dyr nwl idE[ Kurwk dyx qoN pihlW bkisAW
dIAW qryVW, JIQW Awid sIlbMd kr idE[ ktuMbW dw gyt vI Cotw kr idE qW ik ie`k smyN
iv`c ie`k hI m`KI AMdr-bwhr Aw jw sky[ ieh swvDwnIAW ktuMbW nUM lu`t-Ksu`t (rOibMg) dI
sm`isAW qoN bcwauNdIAW hn[ KMf dy Gol dI PIf tIn dy f`by iv`c pw ky, morIAW vwly F`kx
vwlI boql pu`TI r`K ky, fvIzn borf PIfr rwhIN, momI ilPwPy iv`c Br ky Aqy ies iv`c
ipMn nwl 4-6 surwK krky, KwlI C`iqAW iv`c Br ky jW bhuguxy AMdrly F`kx-km-PIfr dI
vrqoN rwhIN id`qI jw skdI hY[ prwg dI QuV smyN prwg jW prwg pUrk PIf idE[ ies prwg
pUrk PIf nUM iqAwr krn leI mrI hoeI biraUr XIst 42 ih`sy, iClkw l`Qy Bu`jy CoilAW dw
Awtw 4 ih`sy Aqy krIm k`iFAw su`kw du`D 4 ih`sy dy imSrn nUM KMf Aqy pwxI dy Gol (1:1)
iv`c guMn ky plwsitk dI plyt iv`c pw ky momI kwgz nwl Fko Aqy ies kwgj ivc bwrIk
Cyk kro[ iPr ies plyt nUM C`iqAW dIAW auprlIAW P`tIAW auqy r`Ky do f`ikAW au `pr aultw
krky r`K idE[ ies prwg pUrk iv`c 10 pRqISq prwg imlwaux nwl Sihd m`KIAW ies nUM
izAwdw KWdIAW hn Aqy ieh brUf pwaux iv`c vDyry shweI huMdw hY[
rOibMg dI rokQwm: qkVy ktuMbW dIAW m`KIAW duAwrw kmzor ktuMbW ivcoN mlo-zorI Kurwk
corI krn dI Alwmq nUM rOibMg ikhw jWdw hY[ rOibMg qoN bcwE leI KMf dI PIf SwmI dyr
nUM Aqy swry bkisAW nUM idE[ rOibMg nUM SurU hox auprMq rokx leI Gwh nUM kwrboilk qyzwb
(1%) jW im`tI dy qyl iv`c iBauN ky lu`ty jw rhy ktuMb dy gyt qy r`K idE Aqy ig`lI im`tI
nwl ktuMb dy gyt qy bOtm borf dy Agly isry q`k ie`k hI m`KI dy lMGx leI ie`k surMg bxw
idE[ izAwdw rOibMg hox dI sUrq iv`c lu`ty jw rhy ktuMb nUM kuJ smyN leI bMd kr idE jW
lu`t rhy ktuMb nUM l`B ky aus nUM iqMn iklomItr dUr C`f Awau [
ktuMb qkVy krnw : kmzor Aqy lyieMg vrkr ktuMbW nUM izAwdw blqw vwly rwxI sihq
ktuMbW nwl A^bwr vwly qrIky duAwrw joV idE[

153
 m`KIAW dw duSmxW qoN bcwA : momI kIVy, vroAw ic~cVI, BirMfW/ dMdeIey, kwly kIVy/
kIVIAW, hrI icVI, kwlI icVI Awid vrKw ru`q iv`c m`KIAW nUM nukswn phuMcwauNdy hn[ Sihd
m`KI ktuMbW nUM ienHW duSmxW qoN bcwaux leI isPwrS kIqy auprwly kro, ijnHW dw ivsQwr A`gy
id`qw igAw hY [
ktuMbW dI ihzrq : mOsm dy SuurU iv`c ktuMbW dI ihzrq nIm-phwVI ielwikAW ivc KYr
qy kro[ aus qoN bwAd ktuMbW dy vwDy Aqy Sihd pYdwvwr leI Sihd m`KI Pwrm nUM bI tI nrmy
qy lY jwE[ pr nrmy qy kIt nwSkW dI vrqoN qoN Sihd m`KI ktuMbW dy bcwA leI ienHW nUM
KyqW qoN iv`Q qy hI r`Ko[ bwAd iv`c ktuMbW dw Arhr/ qorIey vwly ielwky iv`c pRvws kr
skdy ho [
s) pqJV ru`q (m`D sqMbr qoN nvMbr)
pqJV ru`q Sihd m`KIAW dw DMdw SurU krn leI, ktuMbW dy vwDy leI Aqy ktuMbW dI igxqI
vDwaux leI dUjI vDIAw ru`q hY[ ies mOsm iv`c Sihd m`KI ktuMbW dI Arhr, byr, AmrUd
Aqy qorIey qy ihjrq kro[ ijhVy vI auprwly bsMq ru`q leI d`sy gey hn, ies ru`q iv`c
vI ApnwE[ nvMbr AKIr q`k p`ikAW Sihd k`F lvo[ Sihd m`KI ktuMbW nUM Du`p vwlI QW qy
lY jwE [
h) srdI rùq ( dsMbr qoN m`D PrvrI)
ktuMbW dI ihzrq : ktuMbW dI pMjwb jW lwgilAW sUibAW iv`c sroNH/ rwieAw vwly ielwky
iv`c ihzrq kro[
ktuMbW nUM Du`py r`Kxw: srdI SurU hox dy nwl hI ktuMbW nUM Du`py r`Kx dy auprwly kro[
ktuMbW dw inrIKx: srdI SurU hox qoN pihlW ktuMbW dw cMgI qrHW inrIKx kro[ inrIKx
iksy in`GI Du`p vwly Aqy SWq idn nUM dupihr vyly hI kro[
ktuMbW nUM qkVw krnw : kmzor ktuMbW nUM aunHW ktuMbW ijnHW dIAW rwxIAW Xog Aqy grBq
hox, nwl imlw dyxw auicq huMdw hY [ kmzor ktuMbW nUM Awps iv`c hI KVvIN rwxI inKyVU jwlI
dI vrqoN duAwrw imlw idE qW ik ktuMb Awpxw Aqy brUf dw shI qwpmwn bxw skx[
mnsUeI Kurwk dyxI : loV pYx qy KMf dw gwVHw Gol (do ih`sy KMf Aqy ie`k ih`sw pwxI)
KwlI C`iqAW iv`c jW fvIzn borf PIfr iv`c pw ky idE[ srdI iv`c Sihd m`KIAW dy
bksy G`t qoN G`t qy isrP loV Anuswr hI Kolo[
TMfIAW hvwvW qoN bcwauxw: srdI qoN bcwaux leI Sihd m`KI Pwrm qy ktuMbW nUM JwVIdwr
bUitAW dI vwV lwauxI cwhIdI hY[ ktuMbW dIAW swrIAW qryVW bMd kr idE, gyt Coty kr idE
Aqy gyt d`Kx-pUrbI idSw v`l r`Ko[
srdI dI pYikMg dyxI : Sihd m`KIAW dy ktuMbW dy shI qwpmwn Aqy shI kwrguzwrI leI
srdI dI AMdrUnI Aqy bwhrlI pYikMg dy ky Sihd m`KIAW dI mdd kro[ AMdrlI pYikMg
leI qUVI jW prwlI A^bwr iv`c lpyt ky jW momI ilPwi&AW ivc Br ky vrqo[ iehiqAq r`Ko
ik ktuMbW dy gyt ies pYikMg nwl bMd nw hox[

154
6. vpwrk p~Dr qyy rwxI m~KIAW iqAwr krnw
vpwrk p~Dr qy rwxI m~KIAW iqAwr krn leI pI.ey.XU. v~loN isPwrS kIqw ‘fUiltl/suMfI
grwPitMg FMg’ jW ‘k~p ikt FMg’ vrqo ijsdI ivsQwr iv~c jwxkwrI pI.ey.XU. dI ikqwb
‘ietwlIAn Sihd m~KIAW dI sWB sMBwl’ iv~c id~qI geI hY [
7 æ Sihd dIAW m`KIAW dIAW ibmwrIAW Aqy duSmx jIA Aqy aunHW dI rokQwm
a) Sihd m`KIAW dIAW bImwrIAW
1) XUropIAn PwaUl brUf: ieh bImwrI mYlIsokoks plUtonIAs bYktIrIAw nwl huMdI hY[
bImwr suMfIAW, 4-5 idnW dI aumr iv`c sY~L bMd hox qoN pihlW hI mr jWdIAW hn[ mrIAW
hoeIAW suMfIAW ipliplIAW Aqy GsmYly pIly rMg dIAW huMdIAW hn, jo bwAd iv`c BUry rMg
dIAW ho jWdIAW hn[ ieh suMfIAW is`DIAW ho ky sY `lW dIAW kMDW dy nwl l`g jWdIAW hn[ ies
smyN aunHW dIAW swh nwVIAW vI nzr AwauNdIAW hn[ ieh mrIAW suMfIAW su`k ky rbV vrgIAW
Aqy k`F skx Xog KrINf iv`c bdl jWdIAW hn[
2) sYk brUf : sYk brUf bImwrI ie`k iksm dy ‘ivSwxU’ qoN l`gdI hY[ pUrIAW vDIAW
hoeIAW Aqy ipaUpy bxn Xog sMufIAW sY `lW ivc hI mr jWdIAW hn[ rogI suMfIAW dy srIr
Pu`l jWdy hn[ ijs nwl swrw sY~l quMinAw jWdw hY[ sY `lW dIAW topIAW fUMGIAW Aqy aunHW ivc
Cyk ho jWdy hn[ mrIAW hoeIAW suMfIAW pihlW BUsly rMg dIAW huMdIAW hn, ijMnw dw isr Aqy
CwqI vwlw ih`sw iq`Kw Aqy kwlw huMdw hY[ suMfI dI bwhrlI cmVI sKæq ho jWdI hY[ jykr ies
suMfI nUM iksy icmtI nwl bwhr k`iFAw jwvy qW mrI suMfI QYlI/ gu`QlI vWg bwhr Aw jWdI hY[
ies QYlI dy AMdr cmVI dy nwl hI pIly hry qrl mwdy dI qih ivKweI idMdI hY[ AKIr ivc
lwrvw su`k ky kwlw ijhw KrINf bx jWdw hY[ ijs dw Awkwr ikSqI vWg isirAW qoN pqlw
Aqy ivckwroN cOVw huMdw hY[

ibmwrIAW dy PYlwau nuUM rokx leI suJwE

• smyN-smyN isr ktuMbW dw srvyKx kro, S`kI Aqy rogI ktuMbW nUM ArogI ktuMbW qoN dUr kro
Aqy mwihrW qoN inrIKx krvwE[
• Sihd m`KIAW duAwrw Kurwk dI corI, Sihd m`KIAW dw BulyKy nwl lwgly bkisAW iv`c
vVnw Aqy ktuMbW dw svwrm dyxw Awid hwlqW Sihd m`KI Pwrm iv`c pYdw nw hox idE[
• bImwrIAW vwly ktuMbW dy svwrm pkV ky nvyN ktuMb clwaux leI bkisAW ivc nw pwE[
ienHW svwrmW nUM iksy hor bksy iv`c pw ky Sihd m`KI Pwrm qoN dUr r`Ko Aqy bImwrI dI
AxhoNd dI sUrq iv`c hI ies ktuMb nUM mOjUdw mu`K Pwrm qy ilAwE[
• Sihd m`KI PwrmW iv`c ktuMbW ivckwr isPwrS kIqw Pæwslw zrUr r`Ko[
• ktuMb imlwaux smyN ieh vyKo ik ienHW ivcoN koeI ktuMb bImwrI vwlw nw hovy[
• S`kI jW rog gRsq ktuMbW dI ihzrq nw kro[
• rogI ktuMbW dIAW m`KIAW nUM nvyN bksy ivc JwV idE Aqy rogI brUf nSt krky purwxy
C`iqAW nUM ipGlw idE [ nvyN bksy nUM iksy ibmwrI rihq ktuMb qoN Kulx nyVy brUf C`qy,
prwg C`qy Aqy k`cy Sihd dy C`qy dy ky bwkI Pwrm nwloN inKyV ky r`Ko jdoN q`k ies iv`c
ibmwrI Kæqm nw ho jwvy[
155
A) m`KIAW dy duSmx
1) mom-kIVw (do iksm dy mom kIVy): v`fw mom kIVw Aqy Cotw mom kIVw Sihd m`KIAW nUM
bhuq nukswn phuMcwauNdy hn[ ieh momI kIVy m`KIAW dy ktuMb iv`c jW sWBy hoey KwlI C`iqAW
qy hmlw krdy hn[ ienHW kIiVAW dw hmlw julweI qoN AkqUbr q`k izAwdw huMdw hY[ suMfIAW
C`iqAW dI mom nUM Kw ky nSt kr idMdIAW hn[ Aijhy C`qy m`KIAW dy vrqxXog nhIN rihMdy,
ijs kwrn m`KIAW Awpxw bksw C`f ky au~f vI jWdIAW hn[ momI kIVy dIAW tUtIAW rySmI
KolW iv`c bksy/ C`iqAW dI l`kVI nwl l`gIAW huMdIAW hn[ Coty momI kIVy dIAW suMfIAW C`qy dy
sYNtr ivcoN brUf sY`l dy qly qoN morI krky sY `l AMdr vV jWdIAW hn, ijs nwl brUf mr
jWdw hY[ Aijhy mry hoey brUf sY `lW dIAW topIAW m`KIAW lwh idMdIAW hn, ijs nwl mry hoey
ipaUpy sY~lW dy iv`c nMgy pey nzr AwauNdy hn[ Aijhy brUf nUM bwhr k`Fx nwl sY `l AMdr
brIk ijhI mom kIVy dI suMfI nzr Aw jWdI hY[ mom kIiVAW dy hmly nwl pUrIAW bxIAW
jvwn Sihd m`KIAW sY `l dy qly nwl icMbVIAW rihMdIAW hn Aqy bwhr nhIN inkl skdIAW
Aqy sY~lW AMdr hI mr jWdIAW hn[
Sihd m`KI Pwrm dy pRbMD
• ktuMbW dI AijhI sWB-sMBwl kro, ijs nwl ktuMb qkVy rihx[
• bOtm borf qy pey kUVy-krkt nUM iek`Tw krky zmIn Q`ly fUMGw dbw idE jW swV idE[
• bksy dIAW qryVW nUM cMgI qrHW im`tI nwl bMd kr idE[
• bkisAW iv`c vwDU C`qy nw r`Ko, ikauNik mom kIVy dw hmlw ienHW qoN SurU ho ky bwAd
iv`c m`KIAW vwly C`iqAW qy PYl jWdw hY[ ies leI ienHW PwlqU C`iqAW nUM ktuMbW iævcoN k`F
ky Du`p lgvwE[
vwDU C`iqAW dI sMBwl
stor kIqy hoey KwlI C`iqAW, m`KIAW Aqy pUMg rihq C`iqAW nUM bcwaux leI iksy hvwbMd
kmry jW il`py hoey cYNbrW ivc 250 gRwm sulgdI gMDk pRqI Gx mItr dy ihswb nwl DUxI
dyvo[
2) bwhrI pRjIvI ic`cVIAW : au~qrI Bwrq iv`c do iksm dIAW bwhrI pRjIvI ic`cVIAW,
tropIlylYps klYrI Aqy vroAw fstrktr Sihd m`KIAW nUM nukswn phuMcwauNdIAW hn[
) tropIlylYps klYrI: ies iccVI dy b`cy Sihd m`KI dy ipaUpy dw KUn cUsdy hn[ ic`cVI
hmly vwly ktuMb dy bMd pUMg dIAW topIAW kuJ hyTW v`l Ds jWdIAW hn[ keI vwr DsI hoeI
topI dy ivckwr ie`k CotI ijhI morI vI idKweI idMdI hY[ izAwdw hmly kwrn ipaUpy mr jWdy
hn Aqy pUMg bMd hI rih jWdw hY [ jykr hmlw G`t hovy qW bMd pUMg iv~coN A`D bxIAW, tu`ty/
su~ky KMBW Aqy l`qW vwlIAW Coty sweIz dIAW m`KIAW inkldIAW hn[ ktuMb dy gyt swhmxy
zmIn au `qy mry hoey ipaUpy Aqy su`kVy KMBW vwlIAW m`KIAW ivKweI idMdIAW hn[ izAwdw
hmlw hovy qW pUMg iC`dw Aqy au~GV-du~GVw idKweI idMdw hY[
rokQwm : ies ic`cVI qoN rokQwm leI brIk pIsI hoeI gMDk mlml dy k`pVy dI potlI
ijhI nwl, AMdrlw F`kx cu`kx qoN bwAd, C`iqAW dy kyvl auprly fMifAW au `pr ie`k gRwm
pRqI C`qy dy ihswb nwl DUVo[ bdl dy qOr qy 5 imlIiltr Pwrimk eyisf hr roz ie`k SISI
156
iv`c pw ky bksy dy ktuMb dy AMdr Sihd m`KIAW vwly C`iqAW v`l lgwqwr do hPæiqAW leI
DUxI dyvo[ SISI iv`c ie`k sUqI b`qI pw idE jo kuJ ku SISI qoN bwhr rhy, ijs rwhIN qyzwb
dw vwSpIkrn huMdw rhygw[
) vroAw mweIt : vroAw fstrktr m`KI pwlx dIAW mu`K sm`isAwvW ivcoN ie`k hY[
jvwn mwdw vroAw mweIt lMbweI iv`c G`t Aqy cOVweI ivc izAwdw, auproN hyTW cpyqlI Aqy
mhIn kykVy jW ic`cVI vrgI huMdI hY[ nr hlky pIly rMg dy qy hlkIAW BUrIAW l`qW vwly, gol
ijhy Aqy mwdw nwloN Coty huMdy hn[ ieh mweIt kwmw m`KIAW au p` r bYTI vI nzr Aw jWdI hY[
ipaUipAW nUM vroAw kMGy nwl bwhr k`Fx qy aunHW dI ip`T qy bYTIAW jvwn ic`cVIAW nzr
Aw jWdIAW hn[ bMd brUf ivc AxFky ipaUipAW dy isr nzr AwauNdy hn[ keI vwr A`Dy
ku bxy ipaUpy dy isr vwly pwsy dy kuJ srIrk AMg tu`ty nzr AwauNdy hn[ ies mry hoey brUf
au~pr kwly ijhy inSwn nzr AwauNdy hn[ hmlw gRsq m`KIAW kuJ CotIAW Aqy ivgVy KMBW,
l`qW Aqy srIr vwlIAW ho skdIAW hn, ijnHW nUM kwmw m`KIAW bksy qoN gyt rwhIN bwhr
su`t idMdIAW hn[ ktuMbW iv`c Sihd Aqy polx dy zKIry Aqy brUf pYxw G`t jWdy hn[ ies
ic`cVI dI rokQwm nw krn nwl ktMub kmzor rih jWdy hn Aqy qkVy ktuMb ienHW dI rOibMg
krnw SurU kr idMdy hn, ijs dy PlsrUp ieh mweIt hor ktuMbW iv`c PYl jWdI hY[ ies dI
rokQwm leI hyT ilKy qrIky Apnwau :
) gYr rswiexk qrIky
fron brUf trYp : ieh mweIt fron brUf nUM izAwdw psMd krdI hY[ ic`cVI dy hmly
vwly ktuMb ivc kwmw brUf vwly C`iqAW dy ivckwr, ktuMb dI blqw Anuswr fron sY~lW vwly
ie`k jW do KwlI C`qy pwE[ ktuMb ivclIAW bhuqIAW vroAw ic`cVIAW fron brUf iv`c vV
jwxgIAW[ fron brUf sIl hox qy m`KIAW JwV idE Aqy fron brUf vwly C`qy k`F ky brUf
nSt kr idE jW k`t ky fUMGw d`b idE[
rwxI m`KI nUM bMd krky ktMub nUM brUf rihq krnw : bhuq izAwdw hmly vwly ktuMb dI
rwxI m`KI nUM do hPæiqAW leI rwxI ipMjry iv`c bMd kr dyvo[ ies qrHW rwxI m`KI nvyN AMfy
nhIN dy skygI Aqy purwxI brUf K`ulx H qoN bwAd kuJ icr leI ktuMb brUf-rihq ho jwvygw[
ijs kwrn vroAw dw vwDw bhuq h`d q`k ruk jwvygw[
jwlIdwr bwtm borf Aqy au `cy stYNf dI vrqoN: jykr Awm bOtm-borf dI QW jwlIdwr
bwtm borf nUM au~cy stYNf au `qy r`K ky vrqIey qW bhuqI mweIt jo Sihd m`KIAW Awpxy
srIr qoN JwVngIAW, jwlI ivcoN dI hyTW zmIn qy if`g pvygI Aqy brUf C`iqAW qy muV nhIN
cVH skygI[
cypU kwgz dI vrqoN: vroAw mweIt qoN Cutkwrw pwaux leI Sihd m`KIAW AwpxIAW
l`qW nwl srIr qoN mweIt nUM hyTW su`tx dI koiSS krdIAW hn[ ieh mweIt qyz qurdI hY Aqy
ies leI dubwrw m`KIAW vwly C`iqAW qy cVH skdI hY[ vroAw bOtm borf dI vrqoN krky, ies
au~pr l`gI qwr dI jwlI hyT ausy Awkwr dy cypU kwgz lgw ky mweIt nUM icpkwaux dw pRbMD
krn nwl C`iqAW qoN hyTW if`gx vwlIAW vroAw mweIt cypU kwgz aupr icpk jwxgIAW[
mhIn pIsI hoeI KMf dw DUVw vrqxw: 20 gRwm brIk pIsI hoeI KMf pRqI 10 C`iqAW dy
ihswb nwl dyr Swm nUM, hr do C`iqAW dy ivckwr ie`k swr iqMn-iqMn idnW dy vkPæy qy s`q
vwr DUVn nwl ies mweIt qy T`lH pwieAw jw skdw hY[

157
 ) rswiexk qrIky
Pwrimk eyisf: Pwrimk eyisf ( 85%) dI vrqoN 5 imlIiltr pRqI idn pRqI ktuMb
KwlI SISI iv`c pw ky ktuMb dy AMdr Sihd m`KI vwly C`iqAW v`l lgwqwr do hPæiqAW leI
r`K ky kro[ SISI iv`c ie`k sUqI b`qI pw idE jo A`DI ku ieMc SISI qoN bwhr rhy[ ies eyisf nUM
srIr dy au~qy ifgx qoN bcwE [ ies rswiex dI vrqoN nYktr dI Awmd dOrwn nw kro[
AOgzYilk eyisf : pwxI iv`c KMf dy 60 pRqISq Gol iv`c AOgzYilk eyisf dw 4.2
pRqISq Gol bxw ky hr do Sihd m`KIAW vwly C`iqAW dy ivckwr 5 imlIiltr dy ihswb nwl
C`iqAW dy drimAwn qqHIrI dy rUp iv`c dyr Swm nUM hPæqy-hPæqy dy vkPæy qy iqMn vwr vrqoN[
ies dI vrqoN Ku`lHy brUf au `pr nhIN krnI[
3) dMdeIey/fymU jW BirMfW : BirMfW dIAW keI iksmW ivcoN pMjwb iv`c pIlI p`tI vwlw
BUrw BUMf Sihd m`KI nUM izAwdw nukswn phuMcwauNdw hY[ pMjwb dy mYdwnI ielwikAW iv`c ieh
dMdeIey julweI qoN nvMbr q`k vDyry hmlw krdy hn[ dMdeIey m`KIAW nUM Pu`lW qoN jW ktuMb dy
swhmixEN pkV lYYNdy hn[ lgwqwr hmly kwrn hOlI-hOlI swrw ktuMb ^qm ho jWdw hY[
rokQwm : bsMq mOsm dy SurU iv`c grBq mwdw dMdeIey inkldy hn, ienHW nUM iksy P`tI/
JwVU nwl mwrdy rho[ dMdeIAW dy K`Kr l`B ky swV idE [ ktuMbW iv`c BirMfW dw dw^lw
rokx leI gyt qy rwxI-AiVkw XMqr lgwE[ Sihd m`KI PwrmW iv`c BirMf ipMjry lgwE
jW ktuMbW au~qy nweIlon dw jwl (ijs ivcoN Sihd m`KIAW lMG skx pr dMdeIey nw lMG
skx) lgwE[
4) kwly kIVy: ieh kIVy Awm qOr qy brswqW ivc vDyry huMdy hn[ Sihd, polx Aqy m`KIAW
dI pUMg nUM KWdy hn [ kwly kIiVAW dy hmly kwrn keI vwr ktuMb mr jWdy hn jW bksw C`f
ky au `f jWdy hn [ kwly kIiVAW qoN Sihd m`KIAW dy ktuMbW nUM bcwaux leI Sihd m`KI dy
ktuMb hmySw lohy dy stYNf au~pr r`Ko, ijs dy cwro pwivAW hyT pwxI dy Bry im`tI jW Dwq dy
TUhly r`Ky hox[ kwly kIiVAW dy BOx ^qm krn leI ienHW dIAW Ku`fW nUM kIt nwSkW dy Gol
nwl Br ky au~proN gwry nwl bMd kr dyvo[
5) pMCI : hrI icVI Sihd m`KIAW nUM Kw ky mOnsUn jW srdIAW dI brswq ivcly idnW
iv`c ktuMbW dw izAwdw nukswn krdI hY[ keI vwrI kwlI icVI vI m`KIAW nUM iesy qrHW nukswn
phuMcwauNdI hY[ ieh pMCI Awm PæslW dy hwnIkwrk kIiVAW nUM vI KWdy hn[ ies krky ieh
mnu`K dy im`qr pMCI vI hn Aqy ienHW nUM mwrn dI isPwræs nhIN kIqI jWdI[ ptwKy clw ky
cmkIlI typ dI vrqoN krky jW ktuMbW duAwly nweIlon dw jwl pw ky ienHW pMCIAW qoN ktuMbW
nUM bcwieAw jw skdw hY[
8. Sihd m`KI pwlx ivc vMn-suvMnqw
a) Sihd k`Fxw
supr cYNbrW ivcoN isr& brUf-rihq Aqy p`ky hoey Sihd vwly C`qy hI k`Fo Aqy Sihd
m`KIAW JwV idE[ iehnW C`iqAW nUM firp tryA au `qy r`K ky cwkU nwl ienHW dy sY~lW au~proN
mom topIAW lwh idE[ C`iqAW nUM Sihd k`Fx vwlI mSIn iv`c pw ky Sihd k`Fx qoN bwAd
Sihd nUM pihlW iPltr fr`m Aqy iPr mlml dy dUhry k`pVy nwl pux lvo[ Sihd k`Fx
ipCoN KwlI hoey C`iqAW nUM qurMq bkisAW iv`c vwps pw idE[

158
A) mDU mom
mDU mom Sihd sY~lW dIAW topIAW, C`iqAW dy tukiVAW, purwxy inkMmy C`qy Aqy jMglI m`KIAW
dy C`iqAW qoN pRwpq kIqw jWdw hY[
mDU mom dI suDweI : mom pRwpqI leI bykwr C`iqAW Awid nUM ie`k idn pwxI ivc fubo ky
r`Ko[ iPr ies dI k`pVy iv`c potlI bxw ky ies nUM grm pwxI ivc ipGlw ky pux lvo[ mom
pwxI nwloN hlkI hox krky pwxI dI sqHw qy iek`TI ho jwvygI Aqy TMfI ho ky it`kI dy rUp ivc
jMm jwvygI[ mom nUM is`Dy hI grm pwxI ivc ipGlw ky vI puixAw jw skdw hY[
e) hor Sihd m`KI pdwrQ
) prwg: ijs ktuMb qoN prwg iek`Tw krnw hovy, aus dy gyt A`gy prwg ipMjrw lgw
idE bwhroN polx lY ky AweIAW m`KIAW jdoN polx trYp dIAW morIAW ivcoN lMGxgIAW qW
auhnW dIAW ipClIAW l`qW dIAW prwg tokrIAW iv`c BirAw prwg l`qW nwloN JV ky hyTW
r`KI tryA iv`c if`g jwvygw[ polx trYp nUM hPæqw C`f ky ie`k hPæqy leI lgwE[ iek`Ty
kIqy polx nUM CW ivc sukw ky jW auvyN hI momI ilPwPy ivc pw ky Pirz iv`c stor kro[
) propoils/ mDU-gMUd : ieh gUMd vrgw icpicpw pdwrQ huMdw hY, ijs nuMU m`KIAW bUitAW
jW dr`KqW dI iC`l, fofIAW, bUitAW qy l`gy t`k jW tu`tI hoeI twhxI jW tu`ty p`iqAW vwlI QW qoN
iek`Tw krdIAW hn[ Sihd m`KIAW ies gUMd nwl bksy ivclIAW JIQW nMU bMd kr idMdIAW
hn qW ik bwhroN duSmx AMdr nw vV skx[ propoils iek`Tw krn leI plwsitk dIAW
jwlIdwr SItW ijnHW iv`c bhuq swry surw^/ k`t bxy huMdy hn, C`iqAW dy auprilAW fMifAW au~pr
r`K idE jW AijhIAW do jwlIAW bksy dIAW AMdrUnI lMbweI vwlIAW kMDW nwl lgw idE[
jwlIAW dy surwK jdoN propoils nwl Br jwx qW ienHW nUM ktuMb ivcoN k`F ky PrIzr jW Pirz
iv`c ie`k idn leI r`Ko Aqy bwAd iv`c jwlI nUM mroV ky propoils k`F lvo[
) rwiel jYlI : nrs kwmw m`KIAW Awpxy isr iv`c mOjUd grMQIAW ivcoN du`D vrgw
pdwrQ pYdw krdIAW hn, ijs nUM rwiel jYlI ikhw jWdw hY[ kwPæI mwqrw ivc rwiel jYlI
pYdw krn leI rwxIAW m`KIAW iqAwr krn vwly fUiltl /grwPitMg FMg dI vrqoN kro[ bsMq
jW p`qJV ru`qy rwxI sY `l iqAwr krky ie`k idn qoN G`t aumr dIAW suMfIAW kRmvwr 120 jW
60 rwxI sY `lW ivc gRwPt kro Aqy ieh Prym, 20 Prym m`KI blqw vwly rwxI rihq ktuMb
ivc pwE[ gRwPitMg qoN iqMn idnW (72 GMt)y bwAd suMfI nUM k`F ky bwhr su`t idE Aqy rwiel
zYlI cmcy dI fMfI jW pI.ey.XU. rwiel jYlI inkwsI XMqr duAwrw iek`TI kr lvo[

159
 AMiqkw-1
v`K-v`K PslW dy G`to-G`t smrQn mu`l, 2010-11 qoN 2015-16
(rupey pRqI kuieMtl)
&sl mMfIkrn swl
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Jonw (sDwrx) 1000 1080 1250 1310 1360 1410

Jonw (gryf ‘A’) 1030 1110 1280 1345 1400 1450

jvwr (doglw) 880 980 1500 1500 1530 1570
jvwr (mwlfMfI) 900 1000 1520 1520 1550 1590
bwjrw 880 980 1175 1250 1250 1275
rwgI 965 1050 1500 1500 1550 1650
m`kI 880 980 1175 1310 1310 1325
Arhr 3000* 3200* 3850 4300 4350 4625$
mUMgI 3170* 3500* 4400 4500 4600 4850$
mWh (auVd) 2900* 3300* 4300 4300 4350 4625$
mUMgPlI 2300 2700 3700 4000 4000 4030
sUrjmuKI bIj 2350 2800 3700 3700 3750 3800
soieAwbIn kwlI 1400 1650 2200 2500 2500 -
soieAwbIn pIlI 1440 1690 2240 2560 2560 2600
iqL 2900 3400 4200 4500 4600 4700
nweIjr sIf 2450 2900 3500 3500 3600 3650
kpwh (drimAwny rySy 2500 2800 3600 3700 3750 3800
vwlI)
kpwh (lMby rySy vwlI) 3000 3300 3900 4000 4050 4100
kxk 1100 1120^ 1285 1350 1400 1450
jON 750 780 980 980 1100 1150
Coly 1760 2100 2800 3000 3100 3175
msr 1870 2250 2800 2900 2950 3075
sroN 1830 1850 2500 3000 3050 3100
sYP Plwvr 1680 1800 2500 2800 3000 3050
koprw (imilMg) 4450 4525 5100 5250 5250 5550
koprw (bwl) 4700 4775 5350 5500 5500 5830

* ktweI dy pihly do mhIinAW dOrwn au~pj dI mMfI iv`c Awmd qy 500 rupey pRqI kuieMtl dw bons
^ G``to-G``t smrQn mu`l qy 50 rupey pRqI kuieMtl dw bons
$ 200 rupey pRqI kuieMtl dy bons smyq
160
 AMiqkw-1 (a)
hwVHI 2013-14 dOrwn pMjwb iv`c v`K-v`K &slW dw izlHwvwr rkbw, JwV Aqy pYdwvwr

izlHw kxk jON ku`l hwVHI dy Anwj

r J p r J p r J p

AMimRqsr
brnwlw
biTMfw
PrIdkot
PqihgVH
swihb
iProzpur
Pwizlkw
gurdwspur
huiSAwrpur
jlMDr
kpUrQlw
luiDAwxw
mwnsw
mogw
mohwlI
sRI mukqsr
swihb
pTwnkot
pitAwlw
ropV
sMgrUr
ShId Bgq
isMG ngr
qrnqwrn
pMjwb

r = rkbw hzwr hYktyAr J = AOsqn JwV iklogwR m pRqI hYktyAr p = pYdwvwr hzwr tn
sroq : KyqIbwVI ivBwg, pMjwb

161
 hwVHI 2013-14 dOrwn pMjwb iv`c v`K-v`K &slW dw izlHwvwr rkbw, JwV Aqy pYdwvwr
sroN qwrwmIrw ku`l hwVHI dy qyl bIj
izlHw r J p r J p r J p

AMimRqsr
brnwlw
biTMfw
PrIdkot
PiqhgVH
swihb
iProzpur
Pwizlkw
gurdwspur
huiSAwrpur
jlMDr
kpUrQlw
luiDAwxw
mwnsw
mogw
mohwlI
sRI mukqsr
swihb
pTwnkot
pitAwlw
ropV
sMgrUr
ShId Bgq
isMG ngr
qrnqwrn
pMjwb

r = rkbw hzwr hYktyAr J = AOsqn JwV iklogRwm pRqI hYktyAr p = pYdwvwr hzwr tn
sroq : KyqIbwVI ivBwg, pMjwb

162
 hwVHI 2013-14 dOrwn pMjwb iv`c v`K-v`K &slW dw izlHwvwr rkbw, JwV Aqy pYdwvwr

izlHw Coly msr mtr

r J p r J p r J p
AMimRqsr
brnwlw
biTMfw
PrIdkot
PiqhgVH swihb
iProzpur
Pwizlkw
gurdwspur
huiSAwrpur
jlMDr
kpUrQlw
luiDAwxw
mwnsw
mogw
swihbzwdw AjIq
isMG ngr
sRI mukqsr
swihb
pTwnkot
pitAwlw
ropV
sMgrUr
ShId Bgq isMG
ngr
qrnqwrn
pMjwb

r = rkbw sO hYktyAr J = AOsqn JwV iklogRwm pRqI hYktyAr p = pYdwvwr sO tn

sroq : KyqIbwVI ivBwg, pMjwb

163
 hwVHI 2013-14 dOrwn pMjwb iv`c v`K-v`K &slW dw izlHwvwr rkbw, JwV Aqy pYdwvwr
izlHw sUrjmuKI gMnw gMnw (guV)
r* J p* r J p J p
AMimRqsr
brnwlw
biTMfw
PrIdkot
PiqhgVH swihb
iProzpur
Pwizlkw
gurdwspur
huiSAwrpur
jlMDr
kpUrQlw
luiDAwxw
mwnsw
mogw
swihbzwdw AjIq
isMG ngr
sRI mukqsr swihb
pTwnkot
pitAwlw
ropV
sMgrUr
ShId Bgq isMG
ngr
qrnqwrn
pMjwb

r = rkbw hzwr hYktyAr J = AOsqn JwV iklogRwm pRqI hYktyAr p = pYdwvwr hzwr tn
r* = rkbw sO hYktyAr p* = pYdwvwr sO tn
sroq : KyqIbwVI ivBwg, pMjwb

164
165
166
 AMiqkw 3
KyqI ieMjnIAirMg

KyqI sMdW Aqy mSInW dIAW is&wrSW

bIj-Kwd fir`l :
bIj-Kwd fir`l dI cox smyN hyT ilKIAW g`lW dw iKAwl r`Kxw cwhIdw hY :
1. &slW bIjx leI kqwr qoN kqwr dw &wslw G`t-v`D krn dI shUlq hoxI cwhIdI hY [
2. ibjweI dI fUMGweI nUM G`t-v`D krn dI shUlq vI hoxI cwhIdI hY [
3. mSIn dI kyrn pRxwlI dI bnwvt shI hoxI cwhIdI hY qW jo dwixAW nUM nukswn nw hovy [
4. mSIn dI hryk morI ivcoN ieko ijhI bIj/Kwd dI mwqrw inkldI hovy [
5. Kwd-bksy ivc Kwd ihlwaux vwlw jMqr TIk hoxw cwhIdw hY qW ik Kwd if`gx vyly AVy
nw [
6. Kwd Aqy bIj dy bkisAW ivcoN Kwd bIj dw vhwA bMd krn dI shUlq hoxI cwhIdI hY [
Kwd-bIj fir`lW dI shI cox vwsqy, XUnIvristI dy mSIn pRIKx kyNdr v`lNo jwrI kIqIAW
irportW dI mdd lYxI cwhIdI hY [
bIj fir`l ivc bIj dI dr inSicq krnw :
1. bIj fir`l ivc bIj pwaux qoN bwAd ies nUM trYktr dI il&t nwl iek Pu`t dy krIb
au~qy cu`k lvo [
2. bIj iek`Tw krn leI hr Pwly Q`ly Ku`lyH mUMh vwlw koeI Cotw BWfw r`Ko jW plwsitk dw
il&wPw cVHw idE [
3. mSIn dy PwilAW dI igxqI Aqy isAwVW ivcly Pwsly (ieMcW ivc) nUM zrb krky mSIn dI
cOVweI (ieMcW ivc) k`F lvo [ audwhrx dy qOr qy jy mSIn 9 PwilAW vwlI hovy Aqy isAwV
qoN isAwV dw &wslw 8 ieMc hovy qW mSIn dI cOVweI 9 8=72 ieMc hovygI [
4. zmIn qy c`lx vwly phIey (jo cYn nUM clwauNdw hY) dw Gyrw ies duAwly ieMcI typ Gumw ky
ieMcW ivc imx lvo [ Gyrw imnx smyN PIqw phIey au~qy l`gIAW p`qIAW jW gu`fIAW dy au~qy
dI nw pwieAw jwvy jo zmIn ivc KuB ky c`ldIAW hn [
5. mSIn dI bIj-dr shI sY~t krn leI zmIn vwly phIey dy c`kr hyT id`qI swrnI muqwibk
idE [

167
 kqwrW dw kqwrW dI phIey dw Gyrw
Pwslw igxqI
50” 57” 63” 69” 75”
6” 9 201/2 181/2 17 15 14
11 17 15 131/2 121/2 111/2
13 141/2 13 111/2 101/2 91/2
7” 9 171/2 151/2 14 12 111/2
11 141/2 13 12 101/2 91/2
13 121/2 11 10 9 8
8” 9 16 14 121/2 111/2 101/2
11 13 111/2 101/2 91/2 81/2
13 101/2 91/2 81/2 8 7
9” 9 131/2
121/2
11 10 9
11 11 10 9 8 71/2
13 91/2 81/2 71/2 7 61/2

6. QYlIAW nUM bIj sxy auqwr lvo [ v`K-v`K QYlIAW ivcoN pRwpq hoey bIj nUM ie`k dUjy nwl Bwr
qol ky joKo [ swrIAW QYlIAW ivc bIj lgBg brwbr Awauxw cwhIdw hY [ swrIAW QYlIAW
dw bIj iek`Tw kro Aqy aus nwl joKo [
7. swry isAwVW qoN pRwpq hox vwly bIj dI mwqrw (grwmW ivc) nUM ds (10) dI sMiKAw qy Bwg
krn qy bIj dI mwqrw iklo pRqI eykV ivc iml jWdI hY [ imswl dy qOr qy jy ieh bIj
dI mwqrw 400 gRwm hY qW mSIn 40 iklo pRqI eykV dy ihswb nwl bIj kyr rhI hY[
8. jy mSIn shI sYt nW hovy qW bIj dI mwqrw nUM Gtw vDw ky aus nUM dubwrw sY~t kr lvo[
QrYSr dy hwdisAW qoN bcx leI zrUrI hdwieqW :
1. QrYSrW qy kMm kridAW KulHy k`pVy kVw/GVI Awid nw pwE [
2. nSw Kw/pI ky QrYSr dw kMm nw kro [
3. sur`iKAqw prnwly dI G`t-
o G`t lMbweI 90 sYNtImItr hoxI cwhIdI hY Aqy ieh 45 sYNtImItr
q`k FikAw hovy [ ies dI Fwl dw AigauNN 5 ifgrI kox hoxw zrUrI hY [
4. iek AwdmI nUM QrYSr qy 10 GMty qoN izAwdw kMm nhIN krnw cwhIdw [
5. kMm kridAW g`lW ivc nw ru`Jo Aqy nw hI iksy hor pwsy iDAwn kro [
6. rihMd-KUMhd nUM QrYSr ivc pwaux qoN sMkoc kro [ iesy qrHW is`lHI &sl vI nhIN pwauxI
cwhIdI ikauNik ies nwl A`g l`gx dw hwdsw ho skdw hY [ CotI &sl nUM ru`g lgwaux smyN
Kws iDAwn r`Ko [

168
7. trYktr dy DUMey vwlw pweIp is`Dw au~pr nUM r`Ko [
8. ibjlI dI motr nUM bMd krn vwlw sivc kMm vwly dy nyVy hoxw cwhIdw hY qW ik sMkt dI
hwlq ivc motr qurMq bMd ho sky[
9. pty dy au~proN jW nyVy dI nw lMGo [
10. mlm-p`tI Awid dw smwn kol r`Ko [
11. QrYSr nUM ibjlI dIAW qwrW Awid qoN dUr iP`t kro [
trYktr trwlI clwauNdy smyN hwdsy rokx leI hdwieqW
1. frweIvr dI sur`iKAw dy FWcy vwlw trYktr hI KrIdo [
2. trYktrW qy trwlIAW ipCy iqkonw irPlYktr lgvwE [
3. qUVI jW kpwh dIAW iCtIAW dI FoAw-FuAweI smyN trwlI nUM izAwdw cOVweI iv`c nw l`do qy
aucycy qOr qy lweItW dw pRbMD kro[
4. trYktr nUM trwlI dy kMm iv`c vrqx vwsqy Agly ih`sy nUM Bwrw kr lYxw cwhIdw hY qW ik
trYktr ipCy nUM pltw nw Kwvy [
5. trYktr-trwlI nwl au~cw pu`l lMGdy hoey ivcwly igAr nw bdlo[
6. ryl lweIn pwr krdy smyN s`jy-K`by zrUr vyKo [
p`Ty kuqrdy smyN hwdsy rokx leI hdwieqW
1. p`Ty kuqrx vwlw auh tokw KrIdo ijsdy v`fy c`kr dI kuMfI l`gI hovy, toky dw v`fw c`kr,
igAr bwks, Sw&t, pulIAW Aqy pty Fky hoey hox Aqy vwrinMg rolr l`gw hovy [
2. ru`g lwaux vwlw pRnwlw G`t qoN G`t 90 sYNtImItr lMbw Aqy auqly pwisEN 45 sYNtImItr
FikAw hoxw cwhIdw hY [
3. ieMjx jW motr nwl c`lx vwly toky dw rug ip`Cy iK`cHx vwsqy igAr dw lIvr kwmy dy nyVy
l`igAw hoxw cwhIdw hY [
4. p`Ty kuqrx vwlw tokw p`kI nINh, CWvyN Aqy Ku`lHI jgHw qy hoxw cwhIdw hY Aqy auQy cwnx dw
pRbMD vI hoxw cwhIdw hY [
A`g l`gx qoN bcwA leI hdwieqW
1. trYktr jW ieMjx dI vrqoN smyN iesdw sweIlYNsr au~pr nUM r`Ko[
2. &sl dI ghweI dw kMm ibjlI dIAW qwrW qoN dUr kro [ ieh qwrW kMbweIn dI CqrI qoN
kw&I au~cIAW hoxIAW cwhIdIAW hn [
3. &sl dI ktweI smyN l`gI A`g nUM kwbU krn vwsqy pwxI Aqy im`tI dw pRbMD pihlW krky
r`Ko [
4. &sl dy nwV nUM A`g nw lwau [ mSIn nwl qUVI bxwE [
hwdsy hox qy mwlI shwieqw
pMjwb gOrimMt dI mMfI borf rwhIN ies skIm iv`c swry ikswn, aunWH dy pirvwrk mYNbr
Aqy KyqIbwVI mzdUr AwauNdy hn ijhVy :

169
1. KyqIbwVI dy sMdW nwl Kyq iv`c kMm krdy hn [
2. ijhVy itaUbvY~l lwaux Aqy itaUbvY~l vwsqy ibjlI dw kMm krdy hn [
3. ijhVy kwmy dvweI Aqy dvweI iCVkx vwlIAW mSInW Aqy s`p k`tx nwl pRBwivq huMdy
hn [
4. ijhVy kwmy mwrkIt kmytIAW iv`c mSInW qy kMm krdy hn [
5. KyqI ijnsW dI FoAw FoAweI krdy smyN [
mMfI borf v`loN mwlI shwieqw dy ryt
lVI nM. s`t dI iksm mwlI shwieqw dw vyrvw (rupey)
1. mOq ho jwx qy 2,00,000/-
2. dovyN l`qW, dovyN bwhvW jW dovyN pYr v`Fy jwx qy 60000/-
3. ie`k l`q, iek bWh, iek pYr jW iek h`Q 40000/-
v`Fy jwx qy
4. cwry auNglW v`FIAW jwx qy 40000/-
5. iek auNgl v`FI jwx qy 10,000/-
6. srIrk AMgW dy 25% qoN v`D nkwrw hox qy 50,000/- qoN 1,00,000/-
&wrm Brn dw qrIkw
mMfI borf dI skIm muqwbk hwdsy dw iSkwr jW ausdy nyVy dy irSqydwrW nUM hwdsy qoN
bwAd 30 idnW dy iv`c-iv`c &wrm Brnw huMdw hY [ jy dyr ho jwvy qW ausdw kwrx d`sxw pYNdw
hY[ ies &wrm iv`c iSkwr hoey ivAkqI dw vyrvw Aqy s`t dI imkdwr d`sxI pYNdI hY [ ieh
&wrm srpMc Aqy pMcwieq dy do mYNbrW jW imaUNspl kimSnr qoN qsdIk krvwauxw pYNdw hY [
hwdsy dy iSkwr ivAkqI nUM hwdsy dI puils irport Aqy sb-fvIznl mijstRyt, ptvwrI jW
qihsIldwr qoN vI qsdIk krwauxw pYNdw hY [ jy ielwj hoieAw hovy qW s`t dw vyrvw fwktr
dI irport iv`c hoxw cwhIdw hY [ jy hwdsy dw iSkwr ivAkqI ApMg ho jwvy qW cIP mYfIkl
A&sr dw srtIiPkyt nwl lwauxw jrUrI hY [ hwdsy dy iSkwr ivAkqI nUM hl&IAw ibAwn vI
dyxw pvygw ik auh iks Adwry qoN mwlI shwieqw nhIN mMg irhw [
trYktr ivc fIzl dI b`cq leI nukqy :
1. trYktr dI shI dyKBwl nw krnw mqlb 25% v`D qyl lgxw[
2. trYktr ivc fIzl lIk hox qoN roko [
3. trYktr nUM glq gIAr ivc clwaux nwl vI 30 pRqISq fIzl v`D bldw hY [
4. trYktr dw DUMAW mwrnw mqlb 20% v`D qyl Kpq ho irhw hY [
5. hvw dw iPltr/prnwlw sw& r`Ko [ ies nwl ipstn dI GsweI GtdI hY Aqy fIzl dI
Kpq vI G`tdI hY [
6. phIAW dI silp nUM rokx leI hvw dw shI dbwA, dygI-Bwr dI vrqoN Aqy vwtr blwst
dw iesqymwl mYnUPYkcrr dIAW is&wrsW Anuswr hoxw cwhIdw hY [
170
7. Gsy twierW nUM muV gufIAW cVHvwE jW bdlo [
8. trYktr nUM shI Qrwtl sYitMg auqy clwE Aqy shI pI.tI.E. spIf nwl Aqy QrYSr Aqy
itaUbvY~l clwE [

2) isMcweI pMp lgwaux qy clwaux bwry kuJ g`lW :

pMjwb ivc isMcweI leI cwr qrHW dy pMp vrqy jWdy hn ijvyN ik sYNtrIiPaUgl pMp,
propYlr pMp, trbweIn pMp Aqy sbmrsIbl pMp[ sYNtrIiPaUgl pMpW dI vrqoN vDyry kIqI
jWdI hY [ ieh pMp bxqr ivc sDwrx, clwauxy sOKy, ssqy Aqy lgwqwr cMgw pwxI k`Fdy hn[
ieh pMp Awm qOr qy 4 mItr qoN 60 mItr q`k fUMGweI qoN pwxI cu`kx leI vrqy jWdy hn [
pRopYlr pMp Awm qOr qy 4 mItr qoN G`t fUMGweI qoN pwxI k`Fx leI vrqy jWdy hn [ ieh pMp
KwlW, nwilAW, toiBAW jW dirAwvW Awid ivcoN pwxI k`Fx leI vrqy jWdy hn [ ies pMp dI
bxqr sDwrx hY Aqy ies dI dyKBwl Aqy murMmq vI sOKI hY[ jdoN pwxI dI sqHw sYNtrIiPaUgl
pMp dI smr`Qw qoN dUr hovy jW pwxI dI sqHw v`DdI G`tdI rihMdI hovy qW auQy trbweIn pMp jW
sbmrsIbl pMp vriqAw jWdw hY [ ieh pMp kwPI mihMgy huMdy hn Aqy sYNtrIiPaUgl pMp dy
mukwbly lwauxy Aqy murMmq krny vI AOKy hn [
a) cox : pMp dI cox krn leI ielwky Aqy rkby dy nwl, pwxI dI fUMGweI Aqy pwxI dy
inkws dI mwqrw bwry jwnxw bhuq zrUrI hY[ ies jwxkwrI dy ADwr qy v`D qoN v`D smr`Qw vwly
pMp dI cox kIqI jWdI hY [ mShUr pMp bnwaux vwlIAW kMpnIAW pMp dIAW lkSink krvz
( ) Aqy hor jwxkwrI ijhVI mu`K l`CxW dw incoV d`sdI
hY, idMdIAW hn [ Al`g-Al`g PrmW dy bxwey hoey pMp iek dUjy qoN kImq, kMm krn dI Xogqw
Aqy aupXogqw ivc Al`g-Al`g huMdy hn [ pMp dI aupXogqw 50-70 &IsdI q`k ho skdI hY [
KrIdx vyly izAwdw qoN izAwdw aupXogqw vwly pMp cuxny cwhIdy hn [ ijQoN q`k aupXogqw dw
sbMD hY bI AweI AYs ( ) Aqy pMjwb kuAwiltI dy inSwn vwly pMpW qy Brosw kIqw jw skdw
hY [ pMp ^rIdx vyly pMp bxwaux jW ivkryqw dI jwxkwrI leI ikswn nUM hyT ilKIAW g`lW dw
pqw hoxw zrUrI hY qW ik auh aus nUM cMgw pMp dy skx [
1. pwxI dw swDn (Ku`lw KUh, itaUvY~l jW bor)
2. pwxI dy iKcwE dI aucweI
3. pwxI dI loVINdI mwqrw, Pwrm dw rkbw, bIjx vwlIAW &slW Aqy &slW hyT rkby qy
inrBr krdI hY [
4. DrqI hyTly pwxI dy somy dI ryqy dI qih dI bxqr (ryqy dI motweI Aqy qih dI lMbweI)
5. clwaux dw swDn (ieMjx jW motr) ibjlI vwlI motr dI sUrq ivc ibjlI Awaux dw
smW[
6. Kyq ivc itaUbvY~l dI siQqI [
7. clwaux dw FMg (pty nwl, p`Kw motr joV ky jW monoblwk)
8. pwxI iljwx dw qrIkw, p`kIAW KwlW, k`cIAW KwlW, jW zmIn AMdr pweIpW rwhIN [
9. ielwky ivc zmIn hyTly pwxI dI iksm [

171
A) pMpW dI TIk vrqoN leI hdwieqW :
1. sYNtrIiPaUgl pMp nUM pwxI dI sqHw qoN 1-2 mItr au~cw r`Ko [
2. ivkryqw koloN v`K-v`K qrHW dy ifzweIn dyK ky pMp dI cox, pwxI dI loVINdI imkdwr, pwxI
dI fUMGweI Aqy pRwpq SkqI dy somy dy muqwbk kro [
3. v`D ivAws vwly pweIp bYNfW dI vrqoN kro [
4. pwxI inkws pweIp nUM zmIn qoN G`t qoN G`t sMBv aucweI qy r`Ko[
5. a) juAwieMt forI cMgI iksm dI vrqoN [
A) juAwieMt forI nUM ies qrIky nwl lwE ik ies ivcoN qkrIbn 15-20 bUMdW pRqI
imMt pwxI if`gy [
e) juAwieMt forI tukiVAW ivc ijhVy pMp SwPt dy Gyry dy brwbr hox, pwE [ hr
tukVy dy isry iek dUjy tukVy dy isry qoN Al`g krky pwE [
6. pMp dI murMmq Aqy dyKBwl pMp bnwaux vwilAW dIAW hdwieqW Anuswr kro [
7. pMp dy skSn pwsy dy swry joVW nUM hvw bMd (eyAr tweIt) kro[
8. pMp is&wrS kIqI cwl qy clwE [
9. pty nwl c`lx vwly pMpW leI cMgI iksm dy pty vrqo [
10. skSn Aqy inkws pweIp nwlIAW TIk Awkwr dIAW vrqo[
11. rIPlYks vwlv cMgI iksm dw vrqo ijs dw PlYp (it`kI) pUrI qrHW Ku`lHy [
12. pMp iPt krn vwlI QW p`kI Aqy p`DrI hovy Aqy ijs ivc srIey id`qy hoey hox [
13. pMp qy motr dI AlweInmYNt (syD) TIk r`Ko [
e) itaUbvYlW dy KUhW ivc gYs dI sm`isAw :
keI QwvW qy dyiKAw igAw hY ik gYs Kws krky kwrbnfweIAwksweIf KUhI ivc jmHW ho
jWdI hY [ jdoN koeI AwdmI pMp nUM TIk krn leI KUhI ivc auqrdw hY qW ausnUM swh lYxw AOKw
huMdw hY Aqy kuJ imMtW ivc auh byhoS ho jWdw hY [ jykr iksy nwl Aijhw vwpry, qW aus nUM
KUhI ivcoN ausy smyN bwhr inkl Awauxw cwhIdw hY[ gYs dI prK krn leI, im`tI dy qyl vwlI
lYNp bwl ky ies nUM hOlI-hOlI KUhI ivc auqwro [ ijQy jw ky ieh buJ jwvy qW smJo aus qoN Q`ly
kwrbnfweIAwksweIf gYs hY [ ies gYs nUM hyT ilKy qrIikAW nwl Kqm kIqw jw skdw hY [
1. hvw bwhr k`Fx vwly p`Ky dI vrqoN kro ijs nUM hyTW q`k pI vI sI pweIp nwl joV idE[
2. KwlI borI jW bwltI jW CqrI nwl gYs k`Fx leI, ienHW nUM KUh ivc hyTW au~qy kro [
3. jykr pMp pty nwl cldw hovy qW pMp nUM 15 imMt q`k KwlI clwE Aqy ieh gYs bwhr inkl
jwvygI [
4. bloAr nwl iek lMmI rbV jW k`pVy dI pweIp joV ky KUhI ivc hvw mwro [
ienHW qrIikAW dI vrqoN ipCoN KUhI ivc auqrn qoN pihlW KUhI ivc gYs dI hoNd dw pqw,
im`tI dy qyl vwlI lYNp nwl lw lYxw cwhIdw hY[
s) isMcweI leI pwxI dI suc`jI vrqoN :
ikAwirAW iv`c Ku`lw pwxI, KwlIAW iv`c pwxI, Puhwrw isMjweI pRxwlI Aqy qupkw isMjweI

172
pRxwlI Awid KyqI isMjweI dy mu`K qrIky hn pr ikAwirAW iv`c &sl nUM Ku`lw pwxI C`f ky
isMjweI krnI hI ikswnW iv`c bhuq pRclq qrIkw hY [ pwxI dI suc`jI vrqoN XkInI bxwaux
leI ieh jrUrI huMdw hY ik v`D qoN v`D pwxI &sl dy jVH-Kyqr iv`c phuMcy Aqy jmHW hovy [ ieh
sB zmIn dI iksm, Kyq dI Flwx, Kyq dy Awkwr, isMjweI leI auplbD pwxI dI mwqrw Aqy
&sl aupr inrBr krdw hY [ isMjweI vwly pwxI dw ibhqr Pwiedw lYx leI jrUrI hY ik
isMjweI dy shI FMg dI cox kIqI jwvy [ A`jk`l pMjwb iv`c isMjweI kwrj-kuSlqw 30 qoN 40
pRqISq q`k hI dyKx iv`c Aw rhI hY jdik isMjweI dy shI FMg dI cox sdkw ies nUM 60 qoN
70 pRqISq q`k vDwieAw jw skdw hY [
sUrjmuKI dI &sl leI KwlIAW iv`c pwxI lgwauxw hr iksm dIAW zmInW iv`c FukvW hY [
hlkIAW, ryqlIAW Aqy au~cIAW-nIvIAW zmInW jW iPr ij`Qy pwxI dI kmI hovy, Puhwrw isMjweI
pRxwlI dI vrqoN kIqI jw skdI hY [ ies pRxwlI dI muFlI lwgq kuJ ijAwdw hY [ v`K-v`K
zmInI hwlqW ADIn Ku`lHw pwxI dyx leI ikAwirAW dw FukvW Awkwr hyTW d`isAw igAw hY[
hlkIAW, drimAwnIAW Aqy BwrIAW zmInW leI kRmvwr 0.4, 0.3 Aqy 0.15 pRqISq
Flwx, Bwv ie`k eykV Kyq dy ikAwirAW dy pihly Aqy AwKrI isry iv`c zmInI p`Dr dw 9.6,
7.2 Aqy 3.6 ieMc Prk r`Kx dI is&wrS kIqI jWdI hY [ itaUbvY~l isMjweI ADIn kRmvwr
hlkIAW, drimAwnIAW Aqy BwrIAW zmInW leI itaUbvY~l filvrI pweIp dy 3-4 ieMc mUMh
(7.5 qoN 10 iltr pRqI sYikMf) Aqy 6 ieMc mUMh (20 iltr pRqI sYikMf) leI 16, 10, 8 Aqy
10, 5, 4 ikAwry pRqI eykV bxwauxy cwhIdy hn [ iesy qrHW nihrI isMjweI ADIn moGy qoN 30
iltr pRqI sikMt pwxI leI ienHW zmInW leI kRmvwr 7, 4 Aqy 3 ikAwry pRqI eykV bxwauxy
cwhIdy hn [

173
swrxI 1. hwVHI dIAw &slW dI kwSq vwsqy v`K-v`K kMmW leI is&wrS mSInW Aqy sMd

kMMm mSIn jW sMd dw nW loVINdI kMm dI mwqrw hor g`lW

qwkq
1 2 3 4 5
prwlI nUM sWBxw
a) Jonw mu`F k`tx dI mSIn trYktr (35 7.50-12.5 eykV/ KVHy krcy k`tx leI [
h.p.) idn
strwA bylr (prwlI trYktr (50 8.0 eykV/idn strwA bylr k`tI hoeI prwlI
dI g`TW bxwaux vwlI h.p.) nUM iek`Tw krky g`TW bxwauNdI
mSIn) hY [
m`uF k`tx, kuqrn Aqy trYktr (50 7.0-8.0 eykV/ ieh mSIn Jony dy mu`FW nUM k`tx,
iKlwrn vwlI mSIn h.p.) idn kuqrn Aqy Kyq iv`c iKlwrn dw
kMm krdI hY [
kMbwien-prwlI trYktr 1.0-1.25 eykV/ Jony dI prwlI nUM Kyq iv`c iekswr
iKlwrx vwly XMqr cwlq kMbwien GMtw iKMfwaux vwsqy kMbwien ip`Cy l`gy
smyq (50-60 XMqr dI vrqoN hyTW id`qy suJwvW
h.p.) Anuswr kro[
* XMqr dI bYLt Aqy pulI nUM
svYcwlq 2.0-2.50 prwlI qoN bcwaux leI ieh
kMbwien eykV/GMtw pUrI qrW F`ky hoxy cwhIdy
(80-120 hn [
h.p.) * Jony dI vwFI dOrwn XMqr
dIAW ifskW prwlI nUM
iekswr iKlwrx leI
lgwqwr GuMmdIAw rihxIAW
cwhIdIAW hn[
A) kxk qUVI vwlI kMbweIn trYktr 6.25-7.0 eykV/ kMbweIn nwl kxk k`tx qoN
idn bwAd qUVI bnwaux dy kMm
AwauNdI hY [
h`l vwhuxw aultwvW h`l bYlW dI joVI 0.75 qoN 1.25 nvIN zmIn nUM vwhux dw kMm vI
eykV/idn kIqw jw skdw hY [

trYktr 4.0 qoN 6.25

eykV/idn
Kyq iqAwr qvIAW vwlI hYro trYktr 6.25-8.75 eykV/ v`fy im`tI dy Fyly nUM qoVdI hY Aqy
krnw idn ndInW nUM nSt kr idMdI hY [
iklIAW vwlI hYro trYktr 7.5-8.75 eykV/ DrqI dI auprlI qih nUM qoVdw
idn hY Aqy nvyN au~gy ndInW nUM nSt
krdw hY [

174
 itlr (kltIvytr) trYktr 6.25-12.5 eykV/ im`tI nUM qoV ky hlkI kr dyNdw
idn hY ijs nwl pwxI shI irsdw
hY [
rolr vwlw kltIvytr trYktr 6.25-12.5 eykV/ cMgI qrHW vwhI krdw hY Aqy
idn fIzl dI Kpq vI G`t huMdI hY [
ibjweI Kwd bIj-Kwd firl trYktr 10.0-15.0 eykV/ ies qrHW bIj Aqy Kwd dI shI
dy nwl idn mwqrw Kyq ivc pYNdI hY[
vhweI Aqy ibjweI trYktr 6.25-8.75 eykV/ Jony dI ktweI ipCoN ies mSIn
vwlI firl idn nwl ibnw vhweI kIqy hI kxk
bIjI jWdI hY [
ibnw vhweI ibjweI trYktr 10.0-11.25 Jony dI ktweI ipCoN ies mSIn
vwlI firl eykV/idn nwl ibnw vhweI kIqy hI kxk
bIjI jWdI hY[
hYpI sIfr trYktr 5.0-6.25 eykV/ Jony dI kMbweIn nwl ktweI
idn auprMq prwlI nUM ibnW swVy

isAwVW vwlw irjr trYktr 7.5-10.0 eykV/ ies nwl sUrjmuKI Aqy m`kI dI
plWtr idn ibjweI kIqI jw skdI hY [
do &slI fir`l trYktr 6.25-8.75 eykV/ ieko mSIn qyl bIj (rwieAw,
idn srHoN) Aqy kxk dI ibjweI
krdI hY, ijs krky ibjweI dy
Krcy dI b`cq huMdI hY [
h`Q nwl c`lx vwlI 2 bMdy 1.25-2.0 eykV/ goBI sroHN Aqy rwieAw dI
qyl bIj firl idn ibjweI leI BwvyN ieh &slW
kxk ivc vI bIjxIAW hox[
spryAr nYpsYk (ip`TU pMp) h`Q nwl 1.5-1.75 eykV/ --
clx vwlw idn
ieMjx/ 6.25-30 eykV/ kMm dI mwqrw, SkqI Aqy nozl
bUm tweIp spry pMp trYktr idn dI igxqI qy inrBr
krdI hY [
gofI ksolw h`QW nwl 0.38-0.5 eykV/
idn
vI-blyf ho h`QW nwl 0.38-0.5 eykV/
idn
vIl hY~f ho h`QW nwl 0.75-1.25 eykV/
idn
ktweI
a. kxk vrtIkl knvyAr trYktr 7.5-10.0 eykV/ A`T bMdy mSIn clwaux Aqy
rIpr sweIQ idn &sl iek`TI krn leI cwhIdy
hn [

175
A.brsIm h`QW nwl 0.38-0.5 eykV/ ieh sMd dwqI dy mukwbly 60%
cwrw idn lybr GtwauNdw hY [
ghweI
a. kxk ik`lIAW vwlw QrYSr 5-20 h:p: 0.8-7.5 kuieMtl/
motr/trYktr GMtw
isMfIkyt (tokw) QrYSr 5-20 h:p: 1.5-12 kuieMtl/ kuJ is`lHI kxk vI ghweI jw
motr/trYktr GMtw skdI hY [
hVMbw QrYSr 15-20 h.p. 10-15 kuieMtl/
motr/trYktr GMtw

A. sUrj- sUrjmuKI QrYSr 7.5-15 h:p: 4-10 kuieMtl/GMtw sUrjmuKI dy Pu`l hI ghweI kIqy
muKI motr/trYktr jWdy hn[

e. m`kI rwsp bwr QrYSr/ 20 h.p. 20-30 kuieMtl/

kMbweIn motr/kMbweIn GMtw

m`kI SYlr 5-20 h.p. 5-10 kuieMtl/GMtw

motr
pridAW sxy m`kI 15-20 kuieMtl/ pridAW smyq m`kI dI ghweI
ghweI QrYSr GMtw kr idMdw hY [

s. rwieAw iklIAW vwlw QrYSr 5-20 h.p. 1-5 kuieMtl/GMtw 1. hr kqwr iv`c isr& do
motr/trYktr ik`lIAW rihx idau [ ik`lIAW
fr`m qy vrm vWg lgIAW hox [
2. ik`lIAW qoN knkyv dI iv`Q
vDw ky 25 imlIiltr kro [
3. srIAW ivcwly 6 imlImItr
iv`Q vwlI knkyv vrqo [
4. pulI bdl ky ghweI vwly
islMfr dI r&qwr iqMn cuQweI
kr idau [
5. dwixAW dI s&weI vwsqy 3
imlImItr vwlI auprlI jwlI
dI vrqoN kro [
6. hyTlI jwlI dI jgHw lohy dI
cwdr lw idE [
kMbweIn
(kxk dI trYktr nwl c`lx trYktr 1.0-1.25 eykV/
ktweI vwlI kMbweIn 50-60 h.p. GMtw
Aqy ghweI Awpxy Awp c`lx ieMjx 2.0-2.5 eykV/
vwsqy) vwlI kMbweIn (ieMjx 80-120 GMtw
kMbweIn h.p.
iv`c huMdw hY )

176
 AMiqkw 4
nweItrojn, &ws&ors, potwS Aqy hor q`qW dI pRwpqI leI Kwd somy

a) v`K-v`K KwdW ivc q`qW dI mwqrw pRqISq

Kwd dw nW nweItRojn &ws&ors potwS hor
AmonIAm sl&yt 20.5 -- -- --
AmonIAm klorweIf 25 -- -- --
XUrIAw 46 -- -- --
supr&wsPyt (isMgl) - 16 -- --
fweIAmonIAm &wsPyt 18 46 -- --
XUrIAw AmonIAm &ws&yt 28 28 -- --
nweItro &ws&yt 20 20 -- --
gMDkI &ws&yt 13 33 0 gMDk 15
sl&yt Aw& potwS -- -- 48.0 --
imaUrt
y Aw& potwS -- -- 60.0 --
mYgnIz sl&yt -- -- -- mYgnIz 30
izMk sl&yt (hYptwhweIfRyt) -- -- -- izMk 21
izMk slPyt (monohweIfRyt) -- -- -- ijMk 33
&Yrs sl&yt -- -- -- lohw 19
kwpr sl&yt -- -- -- kwpr 24
ijpsm -- -- -- gMDk 16
rUVI dI Kwd (sukI) 0.5-1.5 1.2-1.8 1.2-2.0 kw&I

A) iek iklo ^urwkI q`qW dI pRwpqI leI Kwd dI imkdwr (iklo) :

ie`k iklo nweItRojn (AYn) leI
AmonIAm sl&yt 5 iklo
AmonIAm klorweIf 4 iklo
XUrIAw 2.2 iklo

177
ie`k iklo &ws&ors (pI2a5) leI
supr&ws&yt 6.2 iklo
fweIAmonIAm &ws&yt 2.2 iklo
XUrIAw AmonIAm &ws&yt 3.6 iklo

nweItro&ws&yt 5.0 iklo

gMDkI &ws&yt 3.4 iklo

iek iklo potwS (kyy2E) leI

imaUrt
y Aw& potwS 1.7 iklo

not : XUrIAw AmonIAm &ws&yt (28:28) nweItRo&ws&yt (20:20) fweIAmonIAm &ws&yt (18:46) KwdW
ivc nweItRojn qy &ws&ors dy q`q huMdy hn Aqy ienHW KwdW ivcoN iek iklo &ws&ors q`q pwaux nwl
Awpxy Awp hI iek iklo nweItRojn q`q XUrIAw AmonIAm &ws&yt Aqy nweItRo &ws&yt Kwd ivcoN
Aqy 400 gRwm nweItRojn q`q fweIAmonIAm &ws&ot Kwd ivcoN ilAw jWdw hY [ glI sVI rUVI dI
Kwd ivc 40 qoN 50 pRqISq pwxI huMdw hY [ AijhI rUVI ijQy vrqxI hovy auQy iek tn Kwd bdly
4 iklo XUrIAw, 10 iklo supr&ws&yt Aqy 6 iklo imaUryt Aw& potwS KwdW G`t pwau [

178
 AMiqkw 5
gudwmW iv`c r`Ky gey dwixAW dy kIiVAW dI rokQwm

susrI qy Kprw Awid keI pRkwr dy kIVy gudwmW iv`c dwixAW dw bhuq nukswn krdy hn[
ienHW dy hmly nwl dwixAW dI KurwkI qwkq Aqy au~gx SkqI bhuq G`t jWdI hY [ dwixAW
dw Bwr bhuq G`t jWdw hY [ ienHW kIiVAW dI rokQwm leI hyT ilKIAW g`lW dw iDAwn r`Kxw
zrUrI hY :
1. nvyN dwxy sw&-suQry gudwmW iv`c jW BVoilAW iv`c r`Ko [
2. gudwmW dIAW sB qryVW, drjW, morIAW qy Ku`fW Awid nUM cMgI qrHW bMd kr idE [
3. purwxIAW borIAW nUM vrqx qoN pihlW soD lE [ ies leI 6 imlIiltr sumIsIfIn 20
eI sI jW 5 imlIiltr isMbuS 25 eI sI nUM 10 iltr pwxI iv`c rlwE Aqy 10 imMt leI
borIAW ies Gol iv`c iBauN r`Ko [ borIAW nUM CW iv`c sukwE qy iPr aunWH iv`c dwxy Br lvo
jW Anwj leI kyvl nvIAW borIAW vrqo [
4. gudwmW jW BVoilAW nUM kIiVAW qoN mukq krn leI 100 imlIiltr swieQIAwn 50 eI sI
(mYlwQIAwn pRImIAm gryf) nUM 10 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky C`qW, kMDW qy PrS qy iCVko[
jW
ienHW gudwmW nUM kIiVAW qoN mukq krn leI 25 golIAW AYlUmInIAm &ws&weIf pRqI 100
Gx mItr QW ip`Cy r`Ko Aqy 7 idn kmry hvw bMd r`Ko [
5. bIj leI r`Ky dwixAW iv`c 250 gRwm mYlwQIAn 5 pRqISq dw DUVw pRqI kuieMtl rlw ky r`Ko
jW bIjx vwly dwixAW nUM 25 imlIiltr sweIQIAwn (mYlwQIAwn pRImIAm gryf) 50 eI sI
jW 2 imlIiltr sumIsIfIn 20 eI sI (PYnvYlryt) jW 1.5 imlIiltr isMbuS/mwrksweIpr
25 eI sI (sweIprmYQirn) jW 14 imlIiltr fyiss 2.8 eI sI (fYltwmYQirn) nwl pRqI
kuieMtl ip`Cy 1/2 iltr pwxI iv`c Gol ky nYpsYk iCVkwA pMp nwl soD ky r`Ko [ dwixAW
nUM zihr lwaux qoN pihlW pqlI qih iv`c p`ky PrS qy jW plwsitk dI cwdr qy ivCw
idE [ zihr lwaux qoN bwAd dwixAW nUM cMgI qrHW imlwE Aqy stor iv`c sMBwl ky r`Ko [
6. Fory dI rokQwm leI stor iv`c peIAW dwlW aupr 7 sYNtImItr ryq jW l`kVI dy bUry dI
qih ivCw idE, dwxy stor krn qoN pihlW cMgI qrHW sukw lvo [
swvDwnIAW :
1. jykr dwixAW nUM Kprw l`gw hovy qW aunHW gudwmW iv`c AYlUmInIAm &ws&weIf dIAW do
golIAW pRqI 10 kuieMtl dwixAW dy ihswb nwl DUxI idE [ dwxy sukw ky r`Ko [
2. tIn dy BVoly sw& hoxy cwhIdy hn Aqy ienHW nUM 2-3 idn Du`p lvw lYxI cwhIdI hY [

179
 kIVy l`gy dwixAW dw ielwj : hyTW d`sIAW zihrW iv`coN iksy iek nwl hvw bMd kmry iv`c
DUxI idE :
&OstOkisn jW fYlISIAw jW sYl&ws (AYlm U InIAm &ws&weIf) dI iqMn grwm dI ie`k golI
ie`k tn dwixAW leI jW 25 golIAW 100 Gx mItr QW leI vrqo [ kmry iv`c DUxI dyx bwAd
kmry nUM s`q idn hvw bMd r`Ko [
swvDwnIAW
1. jykr is&wrS kIqI zihr nw vrqI geI hovy qW tIn dy BVoilAW iv`c vI dwixAW nUM kIVy
l`g skdy hn [ ienHW l`gy kIiVAW dI rokQwm DUxI dyx vwlIAW zihrW nwl kro [
2. DUxI dyx vwly pdwrQ dI vrqoN kyvl hvw bMd gudwmW iv`c hI kro jW Anwj nUM qrpwl dy
cwry pwsy bMd krky iek pwsy qoN zihr vrqo [ ienHW dI vrqoN qzrbykwr AwdmI hI krn
ikauNik ieh zihrW bhuq zihrIlIAW hn [
3. AYlUmInIAm &ws&weIf dI vrqoN rihx vwly mkwnW iv`c iblkul nw kro [ ienHW dI vrqoN
rihx vwly mkwnW nwl lgdy gudwmW iv`c krnI ^qrnwk swbq ho skdI hY [
kxk stor krnw
a) GrylU vrqoN leI :
Anwj dw BMfwr krn dI v`K-v`K smr`Qw vwly Fol imldy hn[ GrylU vrqoN leI 1.5, 3.5
jW swFy 7 qoN 15 kuieMtl dwixAW leI lohy dy BVoly bzwr ivc imldy hn [ bwhrlI vrqoN leI
XUnIvristI v`loN iqAwr kIqy ifzweIn qy Cykdwr Q`ilAW vwly 1 tn 8 tn qoN 100 tn Anwj
sMBwlx vwly lohy dy bxy hoey Fol bxwey jw skdy hn [ ieh hvw rihq Fol ies qrHW bxwey gey
hn ik ienHW ivc Anwj nUM nukswn phuMcwaux vwly kIVy mkOVy cUhy Awid dwKl nhIN ho skdy Aqy
Anwj dy AMdr rih gey kItW nUM v`Dx Pu`lx leI Xog vwqwvrx nhIN imldw[ ieh ssqy pYNdy
hn [ iek QW qoN dUjI QW iljwey jw skdy hn qy bxqr ivc swdy hI huMdy hn [
ienHW (FolW) dI vrqoN leI hyT ilKIAW g`lW dw iDAwn r`Kxw cwhIdw hY :
1. Fol (BVoly) cMgI qrHW sw& kr lE qW pihlW stor kIqy Anwj dI rihMd KUMhd iblkul nw
rhy [ F`kx cMgI qrHW pIc ky k`s lE[
2. dwixAW nUM, sB kUVw krkt k`F ky cMgI qrHW sw& kr lE [ tu`ty B`jy dwxy kIiVAW nUM s`dw
idMdy hn [ ies leI ienHW nUM A`f kr lYxw cwhIdw hY [
3. nvyN dwixAW nUM purwxy dwixAW ivc nw imlwE, ho skdw hY aunHW nUM kIVy l`gy hoey hox [
4. l`gy hoey jW islHy dwxy kdy stor nw kro [ dwixAW nUM cMgI qrHW Du`py sukwA lE [ Pyr TMFy
krky Swm nUM FolW ivc pwE [ dwixAW ivc is`lH 9 &IsdI qoN izAwdw nhIN hoxI cwhIdI [
5. FolW nUM aupr q`k n`ko-n`k Bro [
6. pihly 30 idn Fol nUM iblkul nw KoloH qy iPr 15 idnW dy vkPy nwl KoloH [ dwxy k`Fx mgroN
Fol qurMq bMd kr idE [
7. dwixAW nUM gwhy bgwhy dyKdy rho [ jy koeI mkOVw nzr Awvy qW Xog zihr dw pRXog kro [

180
 ienHW FolW dI bxqr bwry nkSy qy hor jwxkwrI pRoPYsr qy mu`KI ifpwrtmYNt AwP pRosYisMg
Aqy &Uf ieMjnIAirMg pMjwb KyqIbwVI XUnIvristI qoN pRwpq kIqI jw skdI hY [
FolW dI pRwpqI sbMDI KyqIbwVI ieMjnIAirMg pMjwb dw audXog ivBwg pMjwb dy d&qrW qoN
pu`C ig`C kIqI jw skdI hY [
A) vpwrk mMqv leI :
vpwrk kMmkwr leI kxk stor krn leI ikswnW nUM hyT ilKIAW eyjMsIAW vloN id`qIAW
jw rhIAW shUlqW qoN lwB auTwauxw cwhIdw hY [
1. styt vyAr hwaUisMg kwrporySn qy aus dy sQwnk d&qr [
2. sYNtrl vyAr hwaUisMg kwrporySn qy aus dy sQwnk d&qr [
3. PUf kwrporySn Aw& ieMfIAw qy ies dIAW SwKwvW [

181
 AMiqkw 6
KyqI dOrwn vwprn vwly hwdsy qy aunHW dy aupwA

1. dvweI dI SISI jW f`by au~qy l`gy lyblW nUM iDAwn nwl pVHo Aqy id`qIAW hdwieqW Anuswr
Aml kro [
2. dvweIAW nUM lybl l`gy f`by jW SISI ivc hI r`Ko [
3. dvweIAW nUM sur`iKAq QW qy jMdrw lw ky r`Ko qW jo b`cy, gYr izMmyvwr AwdmI Aqy pwlqU
jwnvr aunHW q`k nw phuMc skx [
4. ienHW kItnwSk dvweIAW nUM kdI vI Kwx-pIx vwlIAW cIjW jW hor dvweIAW dy nyVy nhIN
r`Kxw cwhIdw [
5. ^qrnwk dvweIAW vrqx smyN bcwE leI loVINdy k`pVy jW hor FMg Aqy jugqW vrqoN ivc
ilAwauxIAW cwhIdIAW hn [
6. dvweIAW dy bory pwV ky nhIN Kolxy cwhIdy, sgoN aunHW nUM cwkU nwl k`txw cwhIdw hY [
7. dvweIAW dw Gol bxwaux smyN fr`m Aqy dvweI rlwaux jW Golx leI lMmy dsqy vwlI koeI
cIz vrqxI cwhIdI hY, qW jo dvweI Gol ky rlweI jw sky Aqy aus dvweI dy iC`ty vI dvweI
Golx vwly au~qy nw pYx [
8. Awpxy h`Q cMgI qrHW swbx nwl m`l ky pwxI nwl Do lYxy cwhIdy hn[ ies qrHW hr vwr
dvweI DUVn jW spry pMp Brn ipCoN krnw cwhIdw hY [ Kwx pIx qoN pihlW vI h`Q cMgI
qrHW Do lYxy cwhIdy hn[ ies qrHW swry idn dw kMm ^qm krn ipCoN vI h`QW dI s&weI cMgI
qrHW krnI cwhIdI hY [
9. frMm jW pMp Dox ipCoN zihrIly pwxI nUM jW qW bMjr zmIn qy folH dyxw cwhIdw hY jW toieAw
pu`t ky pwxI pwaux ipCoN aupr im`tI pw dyxI zrUrI hY [
10. iksy vI spry pMp dI nojl PUk mwrn jW swh iK`cx leI mUMh nhIN lwauxw cwhIdw [
11. dvweI dw iCVkwA krn vwly bMdy nUM idhwVI ivc 8 GMty qoN v`D kMm nhIN krnw cwhIdw [
dvweIAW dI vrqoN krn vwly AwdmIAW nUM kuJ smyN ipCoN fwktr nUM zrUr ivKwauxw cwhIdw
hY [
12. dvweI iCVkx vyly hor k`pVy pw lYxy cwhIdy hn [ ienHW nUM ijMnI CyqI ho sky DoNdy rihxw
Aqy bdldy rihxw cwhIdw hY [
13. zihrIlIAW dvweIAW dy KwlI f`by iksy hor vrqoN ivc nw ilAwE[ ienHW ivc morIAW krky
im`tI iv`c d`b idE [
14. ndIn nwSk dvweIAw vwly g`qy dy f`by swVn dI bjwey zmIn ivc d`b cyxy cwhIdy hn [

182
15. iCVkwA krn vwly bMdy nUM iCVkwA vwly Kyqr ivc kuJ vI Kwxw-pIxw, cbwauxw jW
isgrtnoSI nhIN krnI cwhIdI [
16. iCVkwA krn vwly bMdy nUM srdI-jukwm nhIN hoieAw hoxw cwhIdw[
17. iCVkwA hvw dy ru`K nUM iDAwn iv`c r`K ky kro qW jo zihr iCVkwA krn vwly bMdy dy aupr
nw pvy jW swh rwhIN AMdr nw jwvy [
bcwE dy mu`Fly FMg
jy iksy nUM ienHW dvweIAW dw zihr cVH jwvy qW jldI hI fwktr nUM bulwA lYxw cwhIdw hY[
fwktr dy pu`jx qoN pihlW mu`Fly bcwE dy FMg ApxwA lYxy zrUrI hn [
1. inglI hoeI zihr
jldI hI aultI krw ky mrIz dy pyt ivcoN zihr k`F dyxI cwhIdI hY [ iek cmc (15
gRwm) nmk grm pwxI dy glws ivc Gol ky mrIj nUM idE Aqy ieh Aml, aus smyN q`k
duhrwauNdy rho ijMnw icr q`k ik aultI nw ho jwvy [ sihjy sihjy auNglI nwl gl nUM tohx jW
cmcy dw KuMFw pwsw gl au~qy r`Kx nwl jdoN pyt nmkIn pwxI nwl BirAw hovy aultI krwaux
ivc shwieqw imldI hY [
jy mrIj pihly hI aultIAW kr irhw hovy qW aus nUM nmk nw idE [ jy mrIj bysurq hovy
qW aultIAW nw krvwau [
2. swh rwhIN AMdr igAw zihr
a) mrIj nUM jldI hI Ku`lI hvw ivc lY jwE (qor ky nhIN) [
A) swry drvwjy Aqy iKVkIAW KolH idE [
e) pwey qMg k`pVy iF`ly kr idE [
s) jy swh bMd ho jwvy jW swh ivc qbdIlI Aw jwvy qW AwrjI qOr qy swh idvwauxw
cwhIdw hY [ CwqI qy koeI dbwA nhIN dyxw cwhIdw[
h) mrIz nUM srdI nhIN l`gx dyxI cwhIdI [ mrIz au~qy kMbl dyxw cwhIdw hY [
k) mrIz nUM ijMnw ho sky cu`p r`Kxw cwhIdw hY [
K) jy mrIz nUM kVv`l pYx qW ausnUM hnHyry kmry ivc ibsqr ivc r`Ko[
g) auQy koeI Sor-Srwbw nw kro [
G) mrIz nUM Alkohl nw idau [
3. cmVI rwhIN zihr jwxw
a) pwxI nwl srIr nUM ig`lw kr lE (Swvr, hOz jW pMp duAwrw)
A) k`pVy auqwr ky srIr qy lgwqwr pwxI pwauNdy jwE [
e) srIr nUM swbx Aqy pwxI nwl cMgI qrHW sw& kro [
s) srIr nUM CyqI Do lYxw cwhIdw hY, ikauNik ies nwl kwPI &rk pY jWdw hY [

183
4. A`K ivc zihrIlI dvweI pY jwx qy hyT d`sIAW hdwieqW qy Aml krnw cwhIdw hY
a) A`KW dIAw plkW KulIH AW r`Ko [
A) cldy pwxI nwl qurMq hI A`KW hOlI-hOlI sihjy sihjy DoxIAW cwhIdIAW hn [
e) A`KW nUM aus smyN q`k DodyN rihxw cwhIdw hY jdoN q`k ik fwktr nw phuMc jwvy [
s) iksy dvweI dI vrqoN fwktr dI slwh qoN ibnW nhIN krnI cwhIdI, ho skdw hY ik
glq vrqI dvweI hor hwnIkwrk is`D hovy[
s`t l`gx, s`p dy k`tx, krMt l`gx Aqy mDU m`KI jW BUMf lVn smyN
1. s`t l`gxw
a) jykr koeI z^m ho jwvy qW z^m nUM AYNtIsYpitk qrl nwl sw& kro[
A) jykr z^m iv`coN bhuq izAwdw KUn vg irhw hovy qW p`tI nUM ks ky bMnH idau [ s`t
vwlI QW nUM au~cw cu`k ky r`Ko [
e) jykr koeI h`fI tùt jwvy qW tu`tI hoeI h`fI nUM iksy p`tI Awid nwl bMnH ky shwrw
dy idau Aqy mrIz nUM CyqI hspqwl phuMcwau [
2. s`p dw f`sxw
ijnHW ielwikAW iv`c s`p rihMdy hn, auQy pjwmW jW pYNt Awid, au~cy bUt, jurwbW Aqy
dsqwny pw ky r`Ko [ sB qoN zrUrI hY ik quridAW hoieAW hyTW iDAwn r`Ko [
mu`FlI shwieqw
a) mrIz nUM pUrw Awrwm idau, qW ik srIr iv`c zihr nw PYly[
A) k`ty hoey QW qoN kuJ au~cw r`K ky srIr dy ih`sy nUM Gu`t ky bMnH idau Aqy qurMq fwktr
kol phuMcwau [
3. ibjlI dw krMt l`gxw
a) ibjlI nwl hox vwly hwdisAW bwry hryk nUM sucyq kro [
A) ibjlI nwl c`lx vwlIAW motrW, mSInW Awid dIAW qwrW cMgI qrHW F`kIAW hoxIAW
cwhIdIAW hn [
e) ibjlI dw kMm krdy smyN rbV dy dsqwny Aqy su`kI ju`qI pihno[
hwdsw hox qy mu`FlI shwieqw
a) jykr sMBv hovy qW qurMq ibjlI bMd kr idau [ mrIz nUM h`Q lwey ibnW qwr qoN pwsy
kr idau [ ies kMm leI rbV dI SIt, cmVy dI pytI, l`kVI jW koeI hor cIz ijs
iv`c ibjlI nw lMG sky Awid vrqI jw skdI hY [
A) jykr mrIz dw swh bMd ho irhw hovy, qW ausnUM mUMh nwl swh idau[
e) jykr mrIz dI nbz nw c`l rhI hovy, qW aus dI CwqI dy K`by pwsy mwilS kro Aqy
ausnUM qurMq hspqwl phuMcwau [

184
 s) krMt l`gx nwl jykr j^m ho gey hox, qW aus dw ielwj krvwau[
4. m`DU m`KI jW BUMf dw k`txw
a) fMg vwlI QW qy br& nwl TMFw kro [
A) fMg nUM k`F idE [
e) fMg vwlI QW nUM swbx nwl Dovo [
s) koeI vI AYNtIAlrjI dvweI lvo [
h) iq`Ky rMgW vwly k`pVy Aqy sugMDI vwlI cIz lwaux qoN pRhyj kro [
k) keI mnu`KW nUM iek fMg l`gx nwl kw&I Asr ho jWdw hY [ieho ijhI hwlq ivc
mrIz nUM fwktr kol lY jwE [

185
 AMiqkw 7
KyqI ivc vrqIAW jwx vwlIAW v`K-v`K zihrW dw mnu`KI srIr ivcoN Asr Gtwaux
leI dvweIAW (AYNtIfots)

zihrIlypx dIAW inSwnIAW Aqy l`Cx

swh rwhIN zihr A`Dy GMty dy AMdr Asr hoxw SurU jW v`D qoN v`D Cy GMty ip`CoN [ jIA
k`cw hoxw, aultI, n`k v`gxw, CwqI dw jkVxw, mUMh ivc izAwdw Qu`k
Awauxw, swh lYx ivc qklI&, mUMh ivcoN J`g Awauxw, isr duK ` xw,
DuMdlw idKweI dyxw, c`kr Awauxw [
mUMh rwhIN zihr jIA k`cw hoxw, aultIAW, iF`f ivc kiV`lW pYxIAW, t`tIAW AwauxIAW,
p`iTAW dw Prkxw, shI soc dw nw hoxw, srIr dw ivMg-qiVMg hoxw,
Qu`k dw izAwdw hoxw, mUMh ivcoN J`g Awauxw, izAwdw muVkw Awauxw,
JOlw-JOlw idKweI dyxw, A`KW dI puqlI dw suMgVnw, swh lYx ivc
qklIP, dOry pYxw, byhoSI, mOq[
1. kIt-nwSk
AOrgYnk
o lorInz (ilMfyn zihrW dI dvw (AYNtIfot) koeI iek Kws nhIN [ dOry pYxy qy, fwiezIpwm
Awid) 10 imlIgRwm nwV rwhIN iqMn cwr vyr q`k (30-40 imlIgRwm) dy skdy
hW [ PInobwrbIton 100-300 imlIgRwm firp rwhIN idE[

AOrgYn&o ws&yts AYtropIn : pihlW 2-4 imlIgRwm AYtropIn nwV rwhIN idE[ jy Asr
(monokroto&ws, klorpIrI&ws nw hovy qW ds-ds imMt ipCoN dugxI mwqrw nwV rwhIN lgwauNdy rho[
mIQweIl pYrwQIAwn, ijMnw icr ik AYtropInweIjySn (A`K dI puqlI Ku`l nw jwvy Aqy rOSnI
AYsI&yt pwaux qy koeI Asr nw pvy) nw ho jwvy [ ies qrHW 24-48 GMty q`k
trweIeyzo&ws mYlwQIAwn mukmM l ho jwvygw[
kUeInl&ws, fweImyQe o yt 2-pwm : pMj-s`q imMt ivc 1-2 gRwm pwm nUM 5% fYkstroz ivc nwV
Awid) rwhIN idE jW iPr A`D-y A`Dy GMty ipCoN 150 imlIiltr sYlweIn firp
lgwauNd rho [ jy iPr vI zrUrq pvy jW p`iTAw dI kmzorI jW iehnW
dw Prkxw jwrI rhy qW ieh firp GMty-GMty lgwauNdy rho [ iek do
idn ivc 6-8 GMty ipCoN vI firp jwrI r`Ko jW A`Dw grwm 2- pwm
pRqI GMty dy ihswb 5 &IsdI fYkstroj fir`p iv`c lgwE [ jykr
swh lYx iv`c qklIP hovy qW glweIkopweIrolt y 7.5 imlIgRwm 200
imlIiltr sYlweIn nwl idau [
2-pYmisl : ies dI imkdwr “pwm” vwlI hI hY[ AYtropIn Aqy pwm
nUM rlw ky vI vriqAw jw skdw hY [ pwm AYtropIn dw Asr qyz kr
idMdI hY[

186
kwrbwmyt AYtropIn : pr^ dy qOr qy 2-4 imlIgRwm AYtropIn nwV rwhIN idE[ jy
(kwrbirl, kwrbwiPaUrwn koeI Asr nhIN qW ds-ds imMt dy vkPy qy AYtropIn dI dugxI mwqrw
Awid) nwV rwhIN idE [ ijMnw icr ik AYtropInweIjySn nw ho jwvy [ ies qrHW
ieh 24-48 GMty q`k jwrI r`Ko [ 2-pwm nw idau [
icqwvnI : AOkzweIm jW mwrPIn nw idE [
isMnQYitk pweIrIQIrwiefz l`CxW dy AwDwr qy ielwj kro [ AYNtIihstwmIn dI vrqoN PwiedymMd
(sweIprmYQirn, &YnvYlryt hY[ jy ieh zihr izAwdw imkdwr ivc KwDIAW jwx qW idmwgI l`Cx
fYltwmYQirn Awid) auBwr skdIAW hn [ pYNtwbwrbIton (0.7 gRwm pRqI idn) dI vrqoN
kro [ t`tIAW l`gIAW hox qW AYtropIn dI vrqoN kro [ jykr dOry pYNdy
hox qW fweIjIpwm 5-10 imlIgRwm idau [
kwrtYp, hweIfroklorweIf fweImYrkYprol (bwl) 3-4 imlIgRwm pRqI iklogRwm (srIr) dy Bwr
(pdwn, kYlfwn Awid) Anuswr idE [ (ieh dvweI iqMn imlIgRwm, 10 PIsdI Gol (bYnzweIl
bYNjoet
y AYrwiks qyl) ivc imldI hY [ hryk cwr GMty ip`CoN mws ivc
fUMGw krky tIkw lgwE [ ies qrHW ieh do idn q`k jwrI r`Ko [ ds
idnW ivc do vwr iPr tIkw kro [
AYlUmInIAm &ws&weIf ies zihr dy leI Fu`kvyN aupwA vwlI koeI ^ws dvweI nhIN [ pMj PIsdI
(sYl&ws, &wstOkisn Awid sofw bweIkwrb (sofIAm bweIkwrbonyt) dy Gol nUM iplw ky aultIAW
krwE[ 50 qoN 100 gRwm AYktIvyitf cwrkol sl`rI swrbItol dw Gol
mUMh rwhIN idE [ do iqMn imMt ivc hOlI-hOlI nwV rwhIN fwiezIpwm
5-10 imlIgRwm idE [ PInobwrbIton 600-1200 imlIgRwm nUM 60
imlIiltr nwrml sYlweIn Gol nwl imlwky idE [ ies qrHW vI v`D
qoN v`D imkdwr 1-2 gRwm hY [ fweImrkYprol (bwl) vI ieqnI hI kwPI
hY[ fOpwmIn 4.6 mweIkrogRwm pRqI iklogRwm Bwr pRqI imMt nUM nwV rwhIN
idE [ mYgnISIAm slPyt iqMn gRwm (BwrI imkdwr ivc) nwV rwhIN
idE [ iPr 5-7 idnW q`k Cy gRwm (12 GMty ivc) nwV rwhIN idE[
ijgr (ilvr) Aqy gurdy (ikfnI) bcwx leI pMj PIsdI glUkoz nwVI
rwhI idE [
icqwvnI : pwxI jW pwxI vwly Gol (firMks nw idE)
nYcrwlweIt (spweInosYf) inSwnIAW dy ADwr qy ielwj kro [
AOkswfwieAwzIn inSwnIAW dy ADwr qy ielwj kro [
(ieMfk
O swkwrb)
iPnweIl pYrwzol inSwnIAW dy ADwr qy ielwj kro [
(iPproinl)
nIEinkotInoief inSwnIAW dy ADwr qy ielwj kro [
(QieAwimQwksm Awid)
2.au~lI-nwSk AYtropIn : pr^ dy qOr qy 2-4 imlIgRwm AYtropIn nwVI rwhIN idE [
(PMjIsweIfz) jy koeI Asr nhIN qW ds-ds imMt dy vkPy qy nwV rwhIN AYtropIn
kwrbYnfwijm (bivstn, dI dugxI mwqrw idE [ ijMnw icr ik AYtropInweIjySn nw ho jwvy[
AYgroizm, pYrwizm ies qrHW ieh 24-48 GMty q`k jwrI r`Ko [
fyroisl Awid)
187
strYptosweIklIn izAwdw (AYkaUt) Gwqk AlrjI Sok, izAwdw jW G`t bl`f pRS Y r,
qyz swh dw Awauxw, D`PV pYxw, Awid dI hwlq hovy qW AYfrInwiln,
AYNtIihstwmIn, kwrtIson dw tIkw lwieAw jw skdw hY [
kwpr AOksIklorweIf fweImrkYprol (bwl) 3-4 imlIgrwm pRqI iklogRwm srIrk Bwr dy
(blweItOks Awid) ihswb nwl idE [ ieh tIkw iqMn imlIiltr ivc imldw hY [ hryk
kwpr sl&yt cwr GMty ipCoN p`iTAW ivc fUG
M w tIkw lgwE [ ies qrHW ieh do idn
q`k jwrI r`Ko [ Agly ds idnW ivc idn v`c do vwr ieh tIkw
lgwE[ sofIAm bweIkwrbont y 44-88 imlI iekUvylYNt pRqI iltr+fI
pYnsIlwmIn 0.5, 6-6 GMty bwAd Kwxy qoN pihlW 5 idnW leI idau[
AYfIiPn&Os AYtropIn : pr^ dy qOr qy 2-4 imlIgRwm AYtropIn nwV rwhIN idE [
(ihMnosn) AweIpryibn&ws jy koeI Asr nhI qW ds-ds imMt dy vkPy qy nwV rwhIN AYtropIn dI
(iktwizn) dugxI mwqrw idE [ ijMnw icr ik AYtropInweIjySn nw ho jwvy [ ies
qrHW 24-48 GMty jwrI r`Ko [
2-pwm : 1-2 gRwm ieh dvweI pMj PIsdI fYkstroz ivc 5-7 imMt
nwV rwhIN idau jW ieMnI hI dvweI 150 imlIiltr sYlweIn firp
hryk 30 imMt ipCoN lgwE [ jy zrUrq pvy qW p`iTAW dI kmzorI jW
ienHW dw Prkxw jwrI rhy qW ieh firp GMty-GMty ipCoN lgwauNdy rho [
iek do idn leI 6-8 GMty dy vkP qy fir`p jwrI r`Ko jW A`Dw grwm
2-pwm pRqI GMty dy ihswb 5 PIsdI fYkstroj fir`p ivc lgwE [
mIQOksI eIQwiel mrkUirk aultI krwaux (gYstirk lYvyz) leI AYktIvyitf cwrkol, AMfy dI
klorweIf (AYm.eI.AYm.sI) ic`tI jrdI jW 5 PIsdI sofw bweIkwrb dw Gol iplwE [
(AYgwlol, sYrIsn Awid) AMqVIAW dw jy vDyry drd hovy qW : pMj PIsdI sofIAm PwrmYlfIhweIf
slPAOksIlyt (qwzw 100-200 imlIiltr) nUM nwV rwhIN idE [ CyqI
ielwj leI hryk cwr GMty ipCoN mUMh rwhIN iek qoN cwr gRwm sofIAm
istryt idE [ kiV`lW jW p`iTAW dw iek`Tw/muV jwx qoN rokx leI
100 imlIiltr (10 PIsdI) kYlSIAm glUkont y nwV rwhIN idE [ bwl
( ) dw tIkw 2.5-3.0 imlIgRwm pRqI iklo srIrk Bwr dy ihswb
nwl 4-4 GMty bwAd 2 idnW leI idau [ iPr idn iv`c do vwr 7-10
idnW leI idau [
mYkio zb AYskwribk eyisf (ivtwimn sI) nwVI rwhIN 0.2 gRwm pRqI imMt idE[
(QIrm, zweIinb) mYtwlYkijl dy Asr nUM rokx leI koeI Kws dvw nhIN hY [ mYkoizb
rfoiml AYm zY~f aulInwSk leI hryk imMt ipCoN 0.2 gRwm AYskwribl AYisf ivtwimn
(8% mYtwlYkizl+ ‘sI’ nwV rwhIN idMdy rho [
64% mYkoizb)
trwieAwifmI&on trwieAwifmIPon dy Asr nUM rokx leI koeI dvw nhIN hY [ sofw
(bYlt
y wnl) bweIkwrb dy pMj PIsdI Gol nwl aultI krweI jw skdI hY [
fweInokYp (kYrwQyn) fweInokYp dy Asr nUM rokx leI koeI dvw nhIN hY[ sofw bweIkwrb dy
pMj PIsdI Gol Aqy mYfIsInl cwrkol sspYnsn nwl aultI krweI jw
skdI hY [ ies ipCoN 15-30 gRwm sofIAm slPyt nUM A`Dw iltr pwxI
ivc pw ky iplwE [

188
kwrbOkisn (vweItwvYks) inSwnIAW dy AwDwr qy ielwj kro [
kYptwn (kYptw&) mUMh rwhIN ieh aulI nwsk AMdr clI jwvy qW lUx dw iek cmcw grm
pwxI ivc pw ky aultI krwE [
kloroQylio nl (kv`c) inSwnIAW dy AwDwr qy ielwj kro [
propweIkonwzol (itlt) inSwnIAW dy AwDwr qy ielwj kro [
GulxXog gMDk (sultw&) jy ieh gMDk A`KW ivc pY jwvy, A`KW sw& Aqy izAwdw pwxI nwl Dovo
ies qrHW pMj imMt q`k jwrI r`Ko [
3. ndIn-nwsk
Ainlo&os (Ainlgwrf AYtropIn : pr^ dy qOr qy 2-4 imlIgRwm AYtropIn nwVI rwhIN idE [
AYrio zn, Ainlo&s
O , jy koeI Asr nhIN qW ds-ds imMt dy vkPy qy nwV rwhIN AYtropIn dI
pYfIgwrf Awid) dugxI mwqrw idE ijMnw icr ik AYtropInweIjySn nw ho jwvy [ ies
qrHW 24-48 GMty jwrI r`Ko [
2-pwm : nwV rwhIN 5-7 imMt dy iv`c qy 5 PIsdI Gol ivc 1-2
gRwm 2-pwm idMdy rho jW A`Dy-A`Dy GMty dy Prk nwl 150 imlIiltr
sYlweIn firp lgwauNdy rho [ jy iPr vI zrUrq hovy qW iPr p`iTAW
dw Prkxw Aqy jW ienHW p`iTAW dI kmzorI mihsUs hovy qW ieh firp
GMty-GMty dy vkPy qy jwrI r`Ko [ iek do idn leI 6-8 GMty dy vkPy
qyy firp jwrI r`Ko jW A`Dw grwm 2-pI.ey.AYm.sI.AYl nUM 5 PIsdI
fYkstroj fir`p jo ik GMty iv`c A`Dw gRwm jwvy jwrI r`Ko [
2, 4-fI mUMh rwhIN jy leI jwvy qW AYktIvyitf cwrkol sl`rI dw Gol ipAw ky
aultI krwE [ p`iTAW Aqy idl dI jlx mihsUs hovy qW nwVI rwhIN
50-100 imlIgRwm ilfokyn idE [ iPr hryk imMt ipCoN 1-4 imlIgRwm
ies dvw dw tIkw kro [ ds pMdrW gRwm sofw bweIkwrb nwVI rwhIN idE
qW jo ipSwb Kwrypx qy ho jwvy [
glweI&osyt (rwaUNf A`p) mUMh rwhIN jy leI jwvy qW izAwdw du`D jW pwxI iplw idE qW jo ieh
ndInnwSk myhdy ivc pqlI ho jwvy [
AweIsoprotX
o Uron (AYrIlwn, A`KW ivc pY jwvy qW swbx vwly pwxI nwl sw& kro [ cmVI qy pY jwvy
fYlrwn,imlrwn Awid) qW vI swbx vwly pwxI nwl sw& kro [
pYrwkuAt
Y (grYmkYson) jy byhoS nhIN qW aultI krvwE [ Pulr ArQ Aqy mYgnISIAm slPyt
dw 30 PIsdI Gol, iek iltr idMdy rho qW jo aultIAW kr sky [ ies
qrHW krdy rho ijMnw icr ik Pulr ArQ t`tI ivc idKweI nw dyvy [
sorbItol 1-3 gRwm pRqI iklogRwm srIrk Bwr dy ihswb nwl idau [
ies dI v`D qoN v`D mwqrw 150 gRwm hY [
4. cUhymwr zihrW
izMk &ws&weIf AYlUmInIAm PwsPweIf Q`ly dyKo [
(rYtOl, izMktOks Awid)
kUmwtYtrwill (rYkUimn) fwktr dI ingrwnI Q`ly ivtwimn “ky” idE [
bromofwieElon fwktr dI ingrwnI Q`ly ivtwimn “ky” idE [
189
 zihrW dy Asr nUM Gtwaux jW rokx leI dvweIAW (AYNtIfots)

Awm nwm
fwiezIpwm kmpoz, lorI, pYsIkuiel, tYnl, vYlIAm
&InobwrbIton gwrfInl
fweImrkYprol tIkw bwl (nOl Pwrmw)
pwm nIEpm, pwm, pYmpls, pwm-ey-korIAw

AYtropInweIzySn dIAW inSwnIAW :

1. mUMh dw su`kxw, J`g dw nw Awauxw, qrylIAW nw Awauxw [
2. idl dI DVkx dw qyz hoxw, nbz G`to G`t 110 pRqI imMt hoxI cwhIdI hY [
3. A`KW dI puqlI dw Pu`l jwxw [
4. srIr dy qwpmwn dw vDxw [

jwxkwrI dy somy : 1) Pwrm kYmIklz hYNf buk, 1994

2) hYlQ hYzrfz Aw& pYstIsweIfz AYNf iets mYnyjmYNt (1996)
vlMtrI hYlQ AYsosIeySn Aw& ieMfIAw, nvIN id`lI [
3) AisMsIAlz Aw& PwirMnsk mYfIsn AYNf AOksIkwlojI (1999) lyKk
nrwien rYfI
4) nYSnl poAweyzn ieMnPrmySn sYNtr, ey AweI AweI AYm AYs, nvIN
id`lI-011-26589391, 26593677 (24 GMty aupl`bD)

icqwvnI : zihr cVHn qy fwktrI shwieqw CyqI qoN CyqI lE [

not : au~pr id`qI jwxkwrI iek slwh hI hY [ isAwxw pRvwnqSudw fwktr hI zihr k`tx dI dvw,
imkdwr dyx dw qrIkw ds skdw hY [ ies sbMDI pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw dI
iksy qrHW dI kwnUMnI izMmyvwrI nhIN hovg
y I[

190
 AMiqkw 8
pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI dy pOidAW dy hspqwl ivc
ibmwr bUitAW dy nmUny Byjx leI Pwrm

ikswn dw nwm Aqy pqw

&sl iksm aumr
sm`isAw pYdw kdoN hoeI (idn)
ibjweI dw smW
bIijAw rkbw (eykV)
ibjweI leI sm`grI bIj/klm
kI sm`isAw dw mOsm nwl sbMD hY ? hY/nhIN
jy hY, qW iks qrHW dy mOsm nwl brswq/v`D qwpmwn/J`KV/korw/grm lU/ is`l/H gVy/koeI hor
AMdwzn ibmwrI kIVw/ibmwrI/q`qW dI Gwt/zihrIly rswiex nwl bUty qy
mwVw Asr
inSwnIAW p`qy ivc morIAW/kIVy dw mliqAwg/glxw/Julsxw/pl`qx/
kumlwauxw/D`b/y krUp p`qy/mozYk/jVHW aupr gMFW pYxw/koeI
hor
ibmwrI dw PYlwA 25% qoN G`t/25-50%/50-75%/ 75% qoN v`D
ibmwrI SurU ikvyN hoeI ? smu`cI &sl qy/DoVIAW ivc/ivrlw ivrlw bUtw
&sl c`kr kxk-Jonw/kxk-kpwh/hor koeI (ilKo)
BUmI dI iksm ryqlI/ryqlI mYrw/cIkxI/mYrw
BUmI/pwxI prK irport kwpI n`QI hY/nhIN hY
pwxI dw inkws TIk/kuJ TIk/mwVw
isMcweI dw somw nihr/itaUbvY~l mwrU brwnI
isMcweIAW dI igxqI 1/2/3/4/5/5 qoN v`D
kI Kyq dy nyVy koeI PYktrI hY, jy hY hW/nhIN
(ikMnI dUr)
vrqy gey rswiex/zihr dw nW
mwqrw kdoN
KyqI pswr mwihr duAwrw rog dI
pCwx
(pswr mwihr dy dsq^q qy pqw)
Pwrm Byjx dw pqw : fwierYktr pswr is`iKAw, pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw

191
 AMiqkw 9
pMjwb AYgrIklcrl XUnIvristI, luiDAwxw dy kuJ mh`qvpUrn tYlIPon nMbrW dI sUcI
AYkscyNj 0161-2401960 qoN 2401979 ijs qoN AYks. nM. lY skdy hW

nwm/Ahudw tYlI&on nMbr

d&qr mobweIl
fw. rwijMdr isMG is`DU 0161-2401644 94170-47606
fwierYktr AYkstYnSn AYjk
U ySn
fw. puSipMdr isMG AOlK 0161-2400429 81460-00227
AYfISnl fwierYktr AYkstYnSn AYjk
U ySn
fw. gurmIq isMG bu`tr 0161-2401074 94176-48885
AYfISnl fwierYktr AYkstYnSn AYjk
U ySn
fw. cMdr mohn 0161-2405731 98144-03956
AYfISnl fwierYktr kimaUnIkySn
fw. dIdwr isMG B`tI --- 94634-11157
AYsosIeyt fwierYktr AYkstYnSn AYjUkySn

v`K-v`K ivBwgW qoN jwxkwrI leI ikswn hYlp lweIn nMbr

fw. suirMdr kumwr iQMd, pOidAW dw hspqwl 417 (AYks. nM.) 94630-48181
fw. AYs. pI. AYs. brwV 435 (AYks. nM.) 94636-41071
plWt brIifMg Aqy jYnyitks ivBwg
fw. cMdr mohn, pOdw rog ivigAwn ivBwg 505 (AYks. nM.) 98144-03956
fw. jgdyv isMG kulwr, kIt ivigAwn ivBwg 504 (AYks. nM.) 98143-89506
fw. Twkr isMG, &sl ivigAwn ivBwg 401 (AYks. nM.) 98145-44422
fw. myhrbwn isMG, BUmI ivigAwn ivBwg 506 (AYks. nM.) 94651-67696
fw. qrsym isMG iF`lNo , sbzI ivigAwn ivBwg 452 (AYks. nM.) 94640-37325
fw. jsivMdr isMG brwV, &l ivigAwn ivBwg 303 (AYks. nM.) 99158-33793
fw. suirMdr isMG Twkur 446 (AYks. nM.) 98153-96761
&wrm mSInrI qy pwvr ieMj: ivBwg
fw. pI.AYs. rwnOt 305 (AYks. nM.) 98769-61231
Bojn sbzIAW Aqy &l pRwsYisMg ivBwg
fw. Awr. Swrdw, BUmI Aqy pwxI ieMjnIAirMg ivBwg 284 (AYks. nM.) 98555-45189
fw. rwj kumwr 461 (AYks. nM.) 81460-96600
ArQ Swsqr Aqy smwj ivigAwn ivBwg

192
fw. qrsym cMd, pRosYisMg Aqy PUf ieMjnIAirMg ivBwg 384 (AYks. nM.) 97790-00640
fw. rxjIq isMG, Pu`l Aqy zmInI sjwvt ivBwg 440 (AYks. nM.) 94631-40872
fw. ivpn kumwr rwmpwl, pswr is`iKAw ivBwg 321 (AYks. nM.) 98880-90889
bIjW dI dukwn 419 (AYks. nM.) ---
ikswn kwl kyNdr 1800-180-1551
(tol PrI)

v`K-v`K ivBwgW dy muKI

plWt brIifMg ivBwg 224 (AYks. nM)
- kxk dw sYkSn 250 (AYks. nM)
- nrmw/kpwh dw sYkSn 334 (AYks. nM)
- m`kI dw sYkSn 437 (AYks. nM)
- qylbIjW dw sYkSn 433 (AYks. nM)
- dwlW dw sYkSn 413 (AYks. nM)
- cwry dw sYkSn 443 (AYks. nM)
kIt ivigAwn ivBwg 320 (AYks. nM)
pOdw rog ivBwg 319 (AYks. nM)
&sl ivigAwn ivBwg 308 (AYks. nM)
BUmI ivigAwn ivBwg 317 (AYks. nM)
sbzI ivigAwn ivBwg 370 (AYks. nM)
&l ivigAwn ivBwg 303 (AYks. nM)
Pu`l Aqy zmInI sjwvt ivBwg 440 (AYks. nM)
pswr is`iKAw ivBwg 321 (AYks. nM)
&wrm mSInrI qy pwvr ieMj: ivBwg 257 (AYks. nM)
ArQ swSqr Aqy smwj ivigAwn ivBwg 301/461 (AYks. nM)
mweIkroibAwlojI ivBwg 330 (AYks. nM)
cUhy Aqy pMCIAW dI rokQwm 429 (AYks. nM)

ikRSI ivigAwn kyNdrW dy AYsosIeyt/ifptI fwierYktr

fw. bI. AYs. iF`loN, AMimRqsr 0183-2505672 98555-56672
fw. jgdIS grovr, biTMfw 0164-2215619 98553-21902
fw. nvdIp isMG ig`l, &rIdkot 01639-253142 81461-00796
fw. jI. pI. AYs. soFI, &qihgVH swihb 01763-221217 94176-26843

193
fw. gurjMt isMG AOlK, iProzpur 01632-246517 95018-00488
fw. (imisz) pI. ky. GuMmx, gurdwspur 01874-220743 98766-10461
fw. ieMdrjIq isMG hud
M l, huiSAwrpur 01884-243647 94177-49607
fw. kuldIp isMG, jlMDr 01826-292053 98889-00329
fw. mnoj Srmw, kpUrQlw 01822-233056 98727-45890
fw. AYs sI Srmw, luiDAwxw 01628-261597 98551-45114
fw. Brq isMG, mwnsw 01652-235590 88727-84111
fw. AMimRqpwl isMG brwV, mogw 01636-207110 81462-81811
fw. AYn. AYs. DwlIvwl, mukqsr 01633-210046 98556-20914
fw. jsivMdr isMG, pitAwlw 0175-2225473 94173-60460
fw. hirMdr isMG, ropV 01881-220460 97800-90300
fw. jugrwj isMG, AYs.bI.AYs. ngr 01823-250652 98155-47607
fw. mndIp isMG, sMgrUr 01672-245320 99881-11757

Pwrm slwhkwr syvw dy sInIArmost izlHw pswr mwhr

fw. jy. ky. AroVw, Abohr --- 81959-50560
fw. prmjIq isMG, AMimRqsr 0183-2501989 98146-93189
fw. surjIq isMG imnhws, brnwlw --- 81463-78885
fw. jiqMdr isMG brwV, biTMfw 0164-2212684 94177-32932
fw. nvqyj isMG, cMfIgVH 0172-2775348 98722-18677
fw. pRdIp goiel, &rIdkot 01639-250143 95011-16278
fw. gurjMt isMG AOlK, iProzpur 01632-242136 95018-00488
fw. sumyS copVw, gurdwspur 01874-220828 98148-30820
fw. gurpRqwp isMG, huiSAwrpur 01882-222392 950-1434300
fw. (imsz) ibMdU mrvwhw, jlMDr 0181-2225768 98142-45666
fw. mnoj Srmw, kpUrQlw 01822-232543 98727-45890
fw. gurpRIq isMG Kwlsw, mlyrkotlw --- 95929-18427
fw. (imsz) gurpRIq kOr, pitAwlw 0175-2200646 94633-69063
fw. Aimq kOl, pTwnkot --- 81464-00233
fw. rxDIr isMG mMf, ropV 01881-222257 99151-27460
fw. mndIp isMG, sMgrUr 01672-234298 99881-11757
fw. prmjIq isMG, qrnqwrn --- 84146-93189

194
 fwierYkotryt Koj
fw. blivMdr isMG 0161-2401221 98147-46304
fwierYktr Koj 216 (AYks. nM)
fw. jgqwr isMG DImwn 263 (AYks. nM) 98156-59837
AYfISnl fwierYktr Koj (AYn Awr Aqy pI AYc AYm)
fw. Awr.ky. guMbr 210 (AYks. nM) 94175-29749
AYfISnl fwierYktr Koj (krwp ieMprUvmYNt)
fw. ASok kumwr --- 98728-76077
AYfISnl fwierYktr Koj (AYP AYs AYn Aqy eI)
fw. myjr isMG DwlIvwl AYfISnl fwierYktr Koj --- 98156-64102
(hwrtIklcr Aqy PUf swieMs)
fw. juigMdr isMG brwV, fwierYktr (bIj) 438 (AYks. nM) 99155-94293
fw. pI. AYs. brwV, fwierYktr (Pwrm) 253 (AYks. nM) 98146-18018

irznl Koj kyNdr

Abohr 01634-25326
biTMfw 0164-212159
0164-215619
bhwdrgVH (pitAwlw) 0175-2381473
&rIdkot 01639-251244
gurdwspur 01874-220825
gMgIAW (huiSAwrpur) 01883-85075
lwfovwl (luiDAwxw) 0161-2801566
KyVI (sMgrUr) 016732-85020
kpUrQlw 01822-255094
01822-255095
Amloh (nrwiexgVH) 01765-30126
blovwl sONKVI (AYs.bI.AYs. ngr) 01885-241601
j`lovwl-lysrIvwl (jlMDr) 98141-37547
ausmW (qrnqwrn) 81463-22553

195