Appendix B

Symbols for Drawings

Table B.1 Air moving devices and ductwork symbols

Air Movement

Fans

Axial flow fan

Centrifugal fan

Propeller fan

Intake roof ventilator (supply)

Exhaust roof ventilator

Ductwork

Direction of flow

Change of elevation [rise (R), drop (D)]

R

Vertical or horizontal access doors

AD

Acoustical lining (sound insulation)

Cowl, gooseneck, and flashing

(continued)

Introduction to Thermo-Fluids Systems Design, First Edition. André G. McDonald and Hugh L. Magande.

C 2012 André G. McDonald and Hugh L. Magande. Published 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
366 Appendix B

Table B.1 (Continued)

Ductwork (cont.)

Flexible connection

Flexible duct

Sound attenuator
SA

Mixing terminal unit H TU

C M-1

Reheat terminal unit TU

RH - 1

Variable air volume terminal unit TU

VAV - 1

Turning vanes

Fire and/or smoke detectors

Source: HVAC Duct Construction Standards: Metal and Flexible, Sheet Metal
and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, Inc., Vienna, VA,
1985.
Table B.2 Piping symbols

Piping

Heating

High-pressure steam HPS

Medium-pressure steam MPS
Low-pressure steam LPS
High-pressure condensate HPC
Medium-pressure condensate MPC
Low-pressure condensate LPC
Boiler blowdown BBD
Pumped condensate PC
Vacuum pump discharge VPD
Makeup water MU
Atmospheric vent ATV
Fuel oil discharge FOD
Fuel oil gage FOG
Fuel oil suction (supply) FOS
Fuel oil return FOR
Low-temperature hot water supply HWS
Medium-temperature hot water supply MTWS
High-temperature hot water supply HTWS
Low-temperature hot water return HWR
Medium-temperature hot water return MTWR
High-temperature hot water return HTWR
Compressed air A
Vacuum (air) VAC
Existing piping (NAME)
Piping to be removed XX (NAME) XX

Air Conditioning and Refrigeration

Refrigerant discharge RD
Refrigerant suction (supply) RS
Brine supply B
Brine return BR
Condenser water supply C
Condenser water return CR
Chilled water supply CWS
Chilled water return CWR
Fill line FILL
Humidification line H
Drain D
Hot/chilled water supply HCS
Hot/chilled water return HCR
Refrigerant liquid RL
Heat pump water supply HPWS
Heat pump water return HPWR
Table B.3 Symbols for piping specialities

Piping Specialities

Automatic air vent (AV) AV

Manual air vent (MV) MV

Air separator S

Alignment guide
Intermediate anchor

Main anchor

Ball joint

Expansion joint (with drawing number) EJ - 1

Flexible connector

Orifice flowmeter

Venturi flowmeter

Flow switch FS

Hanger rod
H

Hanger spring H

Liquid–liquid heat exchanger

Pipe pitch [rise (R), drop (D)] R

Pressure gage and cock

Pressure switch
PS

Pump (indicate use and drawing number)

CW-1

Pump suction diffuser

PSD

Strainer

Blow off strainer

Duplex strainer

Tank (indicate use) FO

Thermometer
Table B.4 Additional/alternate valve symbols

Valves

Air line valve

Ball valve

Butterfly valve

Diaphragm valve

Gate valve

Gate (angle) valve

Globe valve

Globe (angle) valve

Plug valve

Three way valve

Special Duty Valves

Swing gate check valve

Spring check valve

Electric–pneumatic control valve EP

Pneumatic–electric control valve PE

Hose end drain

Lock shield valve

Needle valve

Pressure reducing valve

Quick opening valve

Quick closing (fusible link) valve

Safety (S) or relief (R) valve

Solenoid valve S
370 Appendix B

Table B.5 Fittings

Fittings

Connections (e.g., 90◦ elbow)

Flanged connection

Threaded connection

Bell and spigot connection

Welded connection

Soldered connection

Solvent cement

Fittings*

Bushing

Cap

Connection (from the bottom)

Connection (from the top)

Coupling (joint)

Cross

90◦ elbow

45◦ elbow

Elbow (turned up)

Elbow (turned down)

Reducing elbow (sizes in inches) 2

Elbow (base)

Long radius elbow

LR

(continued)
Appendix B 371

Table B.5 (Continued)

Fittings* (cont.)

Double branch elbow

Elbow (side outlet, outlet up)

Elbow (side outlet, outlet down)

Fittings*

Lateral

Concentric reducer

Eccentric (straight invert) reducer

Eccentric (straight crown) reducer

Tee

Tee (outlet up)

Tee (outlet down)

Reducing tee (sizes in inches) 2

6 4

Tee (side outlet, outlet up)

Tee (side outlet, outlet down)

Single sweep tee

Screwed union

Flanged union

a Where applicable, the fittings are shown for threaded

screw connections.
Source: ASHRAE Handbook, Fundamentals Volume, 2005.
372 Appendix B

Table B.6 Radiant Panel Symbols

Radiant Panel Symbols

Hydronic heating element

Electric heating element

Radiant Ceiling Panels

Embedded

Above ceiling

Surface mounted

Suspended

Radiant Floor Panels

Slab on grade

Above subfloor

Below subfloor

Slab above subfloor

Radiant Wall Panels

Embedded

Surface mounted

Source: ASHRAE Handbook, Fundamentals Volume, 2005.