Course 29.

Fluid Machinery (Video Course)

Faculty Coordinator(s) :

1. Prof. Anoop. K. Dass

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology , Guwahati

North Guwahati, Guwahati – 781039

Email : anoop@iitg.ernet.in
Telephone : (91- 361) Off : 2582654

Res : 2584654

Detailed Syllabus :

PART –I: General Considerations

Introduction
Module-1: Nomenclature – Concepts – Theoretical aspects
L1: Classification of Fluid Machinery, stage, stator, rotor
L2: Cylindrical co-ordinate system, Moment of momentum, notations
L3: Euler Equation for turbomachinery
L4: Concept of relative velocity, Velocity-vector equation, Velocity triangle
L5: Performance indices like power, efficiency

Module-2: Dimensional Analysis & Similitude

L6: Dimensional Analysis
L7: Similitude

PART –II: Hydraulic Turbines

Introduction
Module-3: Impulse Turbines
L8 & L9: Pelton wheel, its geometry and working; performance parameters; conditions for
optimum operation
L10: Brief description of a hydel plant; need for governing; governing technique

Module-4: Reaction Turbines

L11: Radial-flow reaction (Francis) turbine; geometry and working; flow at entry; velocity
diagram.
L12: Francis turbine contd.; net head across a reaction turbine; draft tube; justification of
inward flow arrangement; flow rate; performance parameters;
L13: Axial-flow reaction (propeller and Kaplan turbine); geometry and working; velocity
diagram; performance parameters.
L14: Draft tube and cavitation; net positive suction head (NPSH); Installation of reaction
turbines.
(Note: An additional lecture may be necessary)

Module-5: Dimensional Analysis & Similitude

L15: Dimensional Analysis; head, flow and power coefficient; nondimensional specific speed.
L16: Similitude; geometric, kinematic and dynamic similarity.
 PART –III: Rotodynamic Pumps

Introduction
Module-6: Centrifugal pumps
L17: Types; geometry and working; elementary pump theory; Euler equation; Bernoulli
equation in rotating coordinates
L18: Velocity diagrams at entry and exit of the impeller; output and performance parameters
– manometric head, manometric efficiency, overall efficiency; effect of blade angle on pump
head.
L19: Pump performance curves and similarity rules; NPSH and cavitation; specific speed for
pumps; pumps andf fluid networks.

Module-7: Axial-flow and Mixed-flow Pumps

L 20 & L21: Specific speed and variation of shape; axial-flow pump theory; performance
of axial- and mixed-flow pumps.

Module-8: general Aspects

L22 & L23: Matching of pumps to system characteristics; pumps combined in parallel; multi-
stage pumps.

PART –IV: Positive Displacement Pumps

Introduction
Module-9: Reciprocating pumps
L24: Geometry and working; installation; pressure diagram; pump head and efficiency.
L25: Discharge and its variation with crank angle; pump with air cylinders – indicator
diagram; theoretical and actual characteristic.

Module-10: Rotary Pumps

L26 & L27: Gear pump and performance curves; rotary vane pump and characteristics; screw
pump.

PART –V: Compressors

Introduction
Module-11: Centrifugal Compressors
L28: Geometry, definitions, working; velocity diagrams across the impeller.
L29: Theoretical analysis; enthalpy-entropy diagram of a stage; energy equation for the inlet
casing, impeller and diffuser; conservation of rothalpy.
L30: Inlet velocity limitations; optimum design of inlet; slip factor and correlations.
L31: Head increase; performance – efficiency; effect of vane angle; diffuser system;

Module-12: 2D Compressor Cascade

L32 & L33: Two-dimensional cascades; cascade nomenclature; Cascade forces – lift and drag;
cascade efficiency; losses; cascade correlations.

Module-13: Axial-flow Compressors

L34: Geometry and working; stage – stator and rotor blading; velocity diagram across the
rotor;
L35: Thermodynamics of the compressor stage; enthalpy-entropy diagram for a stage; energy
equation across the rotor and the diffuser; degree of reaction; stage loading; off-design
performance.
L36: Stage pressure rise; pressure ratio of a multistage compressor; work done factor;
efficiency;
L37: Stall and surge phenomenon; control of flow instabilities; axial-flow ducted fans.

Module-14: Reciprocating Compressors

L38: Geometry and working; cycle analysis; actual indicator diagram, isothermal and
volumetric efficiency.
L39: Effect of multistage compression on volumetric efficiency; effect of intercooling; work of
a multistage compressor.

PART –VI: Miscelleneous

Introduction
Module-15: Hydraulic Transmissions
L40: Fluid coupling
L41: Torque converter

Module-16: Wind Turbine

L42 & L43: Horizontal axis turbine and associated fluid mechanics; geometry and working;
general aspects.

Module-17: Power from sea wave

L44: The Wells turbine

Module-18: Pure Reaction Turbine

L45: Lawn sprinkler etc.

(One or two additional lectures may be added later; minor shifting of topics from one lecture
to another may be a necessity at the time of actual development of the course material)

Books:

1. S.L.Dixon, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery, 4e, Butterworth

and Heinemann, 1998 (Main text book).
2. J.F.Douglas, J.M.Gasiorek and J.A.Swaffield, Fluid Mechanics, 3e (Ch 22, 23, 24 & 25),
Addison-Wesley, 1995 (International Student Edition 1999)
3. B.S.Massey, Mechanics of Fluids, 5e (Ch. 14 &9), Van Nostrand Reinhold (U.K.), 1983.
H.I.H.Saravanamutto, G.F.C.Rogers and H.Cohen, Gas Turbine Theory, 5e (Ch. 4 & 5)
Pearson Education (Singapore), 2001.