-ed pronunciation

1) Voiced cons.+ –ed: /d/ 2) Voiceless c.+ –ed: /t/

b /bd/ rubbed
g /gd/ begged 3) /t/ o /d/ + –ed: /id/
p /pt/ dropped
v /vd/ loved k /kt/ walked
ð /ðd/ breathed t /tid/ wanted, defeated
f /ft/ laughed
z /zd/ buzzed d /did/ needed, added
θ /θt/ frothed
l /ld/ called s /st/ passed
m /md/ climbed ʃ /ʃt/ finished
n /nd/ rained ʧ /ʧ/ watched
ŋ /ŋd/ hanged
ʤ /ʤd/ changed
 Plural, possessives & 3rd pers. sing.

3) /s/, /ʃ/, /ʧ/, /z/, /ʒ/, /ʤ/

1) vowel, voiced cons 2) Voiceless consonant  /ɪz/.
(except /z/,/ʒ/, /ʤ/)  /z/. (except /s/, /ʃ/, /ʧ/)  /s/
p /ps/ drops (noun/verb) s /sɪz/ buses, houses
b /bz/ pubs, rubs t /ts/ Pat’s book; sits ʃ /ʃɪz/ washes; bushes
d /dz/ beds, needs k /ks/ walks; backs ʧ /ʧɪz/ watches
g /gz/ bags, begs f /fs/ laughs, roofs z /zɪz/ buzzes
θ /θs/ paths ʒ /ʒɪz/ massages
v /vz/ shelves, loves ʤ /ʤɪz/ bridges
l /lz/ sails
m /mz/ rams, climbs
n /nz/ rains, John’s
ŋ /ŋz/ songs, rings