COURSE CODE: SBI3U

Unit 1: Diversity Of Living Things

UNIT TEST#1

Section A. Multiple Choice Questions (10 marks)

Directions: Place the letter of the answer that is most correct on the line provided.
1. Which of the following is not a kingdom? k

(a) Bacteria
(b) Animals
(c) Plants
(d) Viruses Answer: _______

2. If an organism does not have a defined set of characteristics, in which kingdom

is it most likely to be placed? k
(a) Animals
(b) Plants
(c) Protist
(d) Bacteria Answer: _______

3. Cheetahs were hunted to near extinction. They have since been protected and have made a
slight comeback but continue to struggle to build up large populations. Many cheetahs tend
to have weak immune systems and very similar features like a kink in their tail. Which level
of biodiversity most likely has the biggest impact on the lack of success of these animals? k
(a) Species diversity
(b) Genetic diversity
(c) Population diversity
(d) Ecosystem diversity Answer: _______

4. Which of the following lists the taxa from least specific to most specific? k
(a) Kingdom, phylum, class, species
(b) Species, family, order, kingdom
(c) Domain, genus, species, order
(d) Genus, order, family, kingdom Answer: _______

5. You have been given the evolutionary history of several organisms.

Which would be the best tool to show their relatedness? k
(a) Dichotomous key
(b) Pedigree
(c) Phylogenetic tree
(d) Binomial nomenclature Answer: _______
 6. Habitat loss is the current single greatest threat to biodiversity. Which of the following is
NOT an example of this type of threat? k
(a) Habitat fragmentation
(b) Deforestation
(c) Wetland removal
(d) Increased carbon dioxide levels Answer: _______

7. Conservation of biodiversity in natural habitats is known as: k

(a) In-situ conservation

(b) Ex-situ conservation
(c) Species survival plan
(d) Synergistic effect Answer: _______

8. A tool used to determine which resources are necessary to support a lifestyle is

known as: k
(a) Ecological footprint
(b) Human intervention
(c) Conservation science
(d) Overexploitation Answer: _______

9. Of the five major threats to biodiversity, one has an impact that will vary depending
on the situation and species. This factor is: k
(a) Pollution
(b) Overexploitation
(c) Climate change
(d) Habitat loss Answer: _______

10. Which of the following organisms is most similar to a chordate? k

(a) Animal-like protist

(b) Bacteria
(c) Sponge
(d) Mushroom Answer: _______
Section B. Matching Questions (10 marks)
Directions: Place the letter of the description from Column 2 next to its match in Column 1. k

Column 1 Column 2
Terms Descriptions
11. Genetic biodiversity A. a species that has a disproportionately large
effect on the ecosystem in which they live
12. Keystone species B. study of the form and structure of
organisms
13. Mycorrhizae C. small male gametophytes

14. Transformation D. formation of tubes to carry fluids

15. Pollen E. sum of all genes present in a particular

species
16. Pseudopodia F. hollow ball of cells

17. Vascularization G. a form of reproduction found in bacteria

18. Morphology H. an extension of the cytoplasm that aids in

protist motion
19. Blastula I. fungus that forms a mutualistic association
with roots of a plant
20. Biodiversity J. variety of life

Section C. Short Answer Questions (30 marks)

Directions: Answer the following questions in complete sentences.

21. A species is a population whose members can breed freely in nature and produce fertile
offspring. However, there are certain problems with this particular definition, causing many
scientists to put forward alternate definitions. What are three potential problems with this
definition? a
1. The biological species concept defines a species as members of populations that
breed or has potential to breed with eachother, not based on similarity of appearance.
Example to this problem could be Western meadowlarks (Sturnella neglecta) and
Eastern meadowlarks (Sturnella magna) even though they look identical together
they are considered different species based on the definition of species
 2. Many characteristics can vary within a single specie. For instance, the plant
hydrangea may have pink "flowers" which are modified leaves or blue "flowers." But
this doesn't mean we should classify the two forms as different species. In reality,
you can change a blue-"flowered" plant to a pink-"flowered" plant by changing the
pH of the soil and aluminum taken up by the plant.

3. Another question is how do we define potential interbreeding? How distant 2

populations need to be? If we had 2 frog populations on each side of the highway
would they be considered as different species or how far apart do they need to be

4. Chronospecies are different stages in the same evolving lineage that existed at
different points in time. Chronospecies present a problem for the biological species
concept because it is impossible to find out whether a trilobite living millions of
years ago would have interbred with its ancestor living over 300 million years ago.

22. An important characteristic that separates certain animal phyla from others is the symmetry
of the body. What basic body plan symmetries are there? Describe them and give an
example of each. k

Animal phyla has couple different types of symmetry including bilateral, radial symmetry.
Bilateral symmetry is the property of being divisible into symmetrical halves on either side
of a plane. Radial symmetry is symmetry around a central axis. Mollusca has bilateral
symmetry and cnidaria has radial symmetry.

23. There are several phyla within the animal kingdom that contain “worms.” Name three of
them, and at least one characteristic of each. k

1. Phylum Platyhelminthe: consists of simple worm-like animals called flatworms.

Flatworms live on land, fresh water, ocean, or on or inside other animals as parasite
(including humans)

2. Phylum Nematoda: they are also known as roundworms and consists of 25,000 species
of nematodes discovered by scientists. Nematodes are found in almost every habitat
on Earth.

3. Phylum Annelida: The body is divided into repeating sections called segments.Many
of the internal organs are repeated in each segment.

24. Dogs belong to the genus Canis. During a school biology trip to the zoo, you see a sign for
Canis lupus. You are surprised to see a wolf come out of the enclosure. Explain how a wolf
and dog are members of the same genus. a

The term "canine" comes from caninus ("of the dog"), from which the term canine tooth is also
derived.The canine family has prominent canine teeth, used for killing their prey. Canis is a
 genus of containing multiple species, such as wolves, coyotes, jackals, dingoes, and dogs.
Species of this genus are distinguished by moderate to large size, massive, well-developed
skulls and dentition, long legs, and short ears and tails. The image bellow describes the
relationship between dogs and wolves.

25. You visit a relative and he remarks on the ring of mushrooms growing in his backyard. He
has indicated that he plans to destroy the mushrooms by stepping on all the plants that he
sees. How might you critique his statement? a
-I would critique is method because mushrooms reproduce by the use of spores and if he
were to step on them that might cause the spores to get released and travel to create more
mushrooms on his backyard.

26. Both plants and animals have a series of evolutionary adaptations allowing them to move
from water to land. Describe any three of these important events. k
1. Early tetrapods had to develop their entire skeletons to support more weight, as water
supports mass but air doesn't

2. Gills adapt to drawing oxygen from water. It was the fish's digestive system that
adapted to form lungs. The first tetrapods breathed by swallowing air and absorbing
oxygen in their gut with evolution special pocket formed, allowing for better gas
exchange

3. Many tetrapods likely stuck to moist habitats to avoid water loss eventually they
begin with ways to waterproof their skin
27. Plants and fungi initially appear quite similar. Compare and contrast the two kingdoms by
identifying three similarities and three differences. k

Differences:

 Fungi have no chlorophyl and therefore cannot make their own food but plants can make
their own food by photosynthesis using its chlorophyl.

 Fungis are exo-digesters(digest food outside their bodies then absorb digested material
through the cell walls).

 Fungi cells do not differentiate and therefore Fungi have no roots, stems, leaves, bark.

 Cell wall of plants made of cellulose cell wall of fungus is made of chitin

Similarities

 They are both eukarotic

 They both have cell wall

 Both plants and fungi evolved from eukaryotic single-celled organisms called
"protists," which make up the kingdom Protista

28. A scientist has developed a biosphere box that is 1 m3. This scientist travels the world to
various ecosystems, placing the cube in several different ecosystems. Which kingdom would
likely have the greatest representation in this biosphere cube? k

Since animal kingdom is the largest kingdom with over 1 million species I would assume it will
be the most prominent kingdom in this biosphere cube.