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flow of electric current. The magnetic field disappears when the current ceases. The
simplest type of electromagnet is a coil of wire. A coil forming the shape of a straight
tube (similar to a corkscrew) is called a solenoid; a solenoid bent so that the ends meet
or ferromagnetic material (commonly iron) is placed inside the coil. The field produced
by the coil causes the iron to magnetize and generate a field of its own. This field can
the number of coils of wire, the magnitude of the current, and the magnetic permeability
of the core material; a strong field can be produced from a small current if a large
number of turns of wire are used. Unlike the materials from which permanent magnets
are made, the soft iron in the core of an electromagnet retains little of the magnetism
induced in it by the current after the current has been turned off. This property makes it
iii. Inversely proportional to the length of air gap between the poles.
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What are the factors that can affect the strength of an electromagnet?
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1. A coil of 30 turns of insulated copper wire was made on an iron rod. The two
ends of the copper wire were connected to a 7V d.c power supply.
2. The power supply was switched on and the rheostat was adjusted until the
ammeter reading shows 1A.
3. The iron was lowered to the steel pins on the paper board.
4. The number of steel pins attracted to the lower end of the iron rod was recorded.
5. The experiment was repeated using different values of current, I (1.5A, 2.0A, 2.5
A, 3.0 A and 3.5 A).
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Activity 1
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1.0 A 2
1.5 A 3
2.0 A 5
2.5 A 10
3.0 A 14
3.5 A 20
Activity 2
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70 23
60 20
50 14
40 8
30 3
20 2
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1) After conducting the experiment, we can conclude that the strength of current will
affect the strength of electromagnet. When the current is increased, the number of steel
pins attracted to the iron rod will increase. The numbers of turns of copper coil also
increases the strength of electromagnet. When the numbers of turns of copper coil
a) The ammeter that used should be checked and corrected for their
zero errors. We can avoid parallax error by placing the eye such that
b) Make sure all the connection of the of the circuit is complete and must
be secure.
d) The winding of the insulated copper wire to the iron rod must be
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2. Based on the graph for activity 2, find the number of steel pins if your number of turns
is 55.
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Jezek, G.(2006). Magnetism. Êetrieved August 17, 2010, from How Magnet
Work? : http://www.howmagnetswork.com/Electromagnetism.html
Hoadley,Ê. (2010, May 29). What Is electromagnet? Êetrieved August 17, 2010,
from Magnet Man: http://www.coolmagnetman.com/magindex.htm