2

Mathematical Formulae

1. ALGEBRA
Quadratic Equation

For the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0,

b b 2  4ac
x= .
2a

2. TRIGONOMETRY

Identities

sin2 A + cos2 A = 1.
sec2 A = 1 + tan2 A.
cosec2 A = 1 + cot2 A.
sin (A ± B) = sin A cos B ± sin B cos A
cos (A ± B) = cos A cos B ∓ sin A sin B
tan A  tan B
tan (A ± B) =
1 tan A tan B
sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A.
cos 2A = cos2 A  sin2 A = 2 cos2 A  1 = 1  2 sin2 A
2 tan A
tan 2A =
1  tan 2 A
sin A + sin B = 2 sin 12 (A + B) cos 12 (A  B)
1 1
sin A  sin B = 2 cos 2 (A + B) sin 2 (A  B)
1 1
cos A + cos B = 2 cos 2 (A + B) cos 2 (A  B)
1 1
cos A  cos B = 2 sin 2 (A + B) sin 2 (A  B)

Formulae for ABC

a b c
  .
sin A sin B sin C
a2 = b2 + c2  2bc cos A.
1
= bc sin A.
2

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Answer ALL questions

1. Solve the simultaneous equations

1 3 1
x y 6 and   [4]
x 1 y 4

2. Given that f ( x)  2 x 3  px 2  qx  6 is exactly divisible by x 2  x  2 ,

find the value of p and of q .
[4]

3. (a) Find the range of values of k for which the function y  4 x 2  2kx  k  3
is always positive for all values of x . [4]

(b) The straight line y  mx  2 and the curve y  x 2  3 intersects at two

distinct points. Find the range of values of m . [4]

1 1
4. (a) Given that a  , b , find the value of ab 3  a 3b
1 3 1 3
without using a calculator. [4]

2 n2  8
(b) Simplify . [3]
2 2 n  2 n 1

5. (a) Given that p  2 x and q  2 y express log 8 p  log 4 q in terms of x and y . [3]
2
(b) Solve 2 a 3 a  1 . [5]

6. (a) Solve the equation 3 sin x  5  2 cosec x for 0   x  360  . [4]

(b) Solve the equation sec ( y  20  )  2  cos 70  for  90   y  90  [4]

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7 On the same diagram, sketch the graphs of the functions y  3 cos 2 x  1

and y  sin x for 0   x  180  . [4]

(i) State the corresponding range of values of y for y  3 cos 2 x  1 . [1]

(ii) From the graph, state the number of solutions for 3 cos 2 x  sin x  1 .
[2]

cos x  1 sin x 2
8. (i) Prove the identity   [3]
sin x cos x  1 sin x

cos x  1 sin x
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, solve   1   sin x
sin x cos x  1
for 0   x  360  [3]


9. (i) Express 2 cos   5 sin  in the form R cos (   ) , where 0    . [2]
2

(ii) Hence, solve 2 cos  5 sin   3 for 0    2 . [3]

10. Prove the identity cos 2  cos 3  cos 4  cos 3 (1  2 cos ) . [3]

End of Paper

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