Wind Load Calculation, as per Eugene F Megyesy

1 Design Data
Wind Speed V = 40 m/s 89.48 mph Ø Platform 1, = 4000 mm 13.1 ft
Diameter of Vessel D = 1422 mm 4.67 ft Ø Platform 2, = 4000 mm 13.1 ft
Height of Vessel H = 4300 mm 14.11 ft Ø Ladder, = 700 mm 2.3 ft
Height of Skirt H = 6205 mm 20.36 ft H Ladder 1, = 5000 mm 16.4 ft
Total = 10505 mm 34.47 ft H Ladder 2, = 5000 mm 16.4 ft
Exposure = C Material = SA-516 Gr. 70
= 20015.2 psi
Formula,
F = qz x G x Cf x Af
Where,
qz = Velocity Pressure at height z above gorund, lb/sq in.
G = Gust response factor
Cf = Shape Factor, 0.8 for cylindrical tower
Af = Projected Area, D x H, sq. ft

2 Velocity Pressure qz
Basic Wind Speed, mph, V 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Velocity Pressure psf 0.00256 V², q 13 17 21 26 31 37 44

3 Coefficient G
Height Above Ground, ft Exposure B Exposure C Exposure D
0-15 0.6 1.1 1.4
20 0.7 1.2 1.5
40 0.8 1.3 1.6
60 0.9 1.4 1.7
80 1.0 1.5 1.8
100 1.1 1.6 1.9
140 1.2 1.7 2.0
200 1.4 1.9 2.1
300 1.6 2.0 2.2
500 1.9 2.3 2.4

4 Projected Area, Af
Af = D x H
= 4.67 x 34.47
= 160.84
5 Design wind force
F = qz x G x Cf x Af
= 13 x 1.3 x 0.8 x 160.837
= 2174.51 lb
= 986.34 kg

6 Wind Pressure
Formula, Pw = 0.0025 x Vw²
Where,
Pw = Wind Pressure, lb / sq. ft
Vw = Wind Velocity, mph

Pw = 0.0025 x 8006.21
= 20.02 lb / sq. ft
7 Shear
Formula, V = Pw x D (1.2) x H (1.2)
Where,
V = Shear, lb
D = Diameter of Vessel, ft
H = Height of Vessel , ft

V = Pw x D x H
Vessel = 20.02 x 4.66663 x 34.46522 = 3219.23 lb
Ladder 1 = 20.02 x 2.29659 x 16.4042 = 754.06 lb
Ladder 2 = 20.02 x 2.29659 x 16.4042 = 754.06 lb
Platform, 1 = 20.02 x 13.1234 = 262.67 lb
Platform, 2 = 20.02 x 13.1234 = 262.67 lb +
Total V, = 5252.69 lb

8 Maximum Moment, M
Formula, M = Pw x D (1.2) x H (1.2) x h(1,2)
Where,
h1 = Lever arm, ft
Determine the wind moment,
H
h1 =
2
= 34.47
2
= 17.23 ft

V x h1
Vessel M = 3219.23 x 17.23 = 55475.75 ft. lb
Ladder 1 M = 754.06 x 17.23 = 12994.41 ft. lb
Ladder 2 M = 754.06 x 17.23 = 12994.41 ft. lb
Platform, 1 M = 262.67 x 17.23 = 4526.509 ft. lb
Platform, 2 M = 262.67 x 17.23 = 4526.509 ft. lb +
Total, = 90517.58 ft. lb

9 Moment at Height, MT
Formula, MT = M-hT (V-0.5 Pw x D(1.2) x hT)
Where,
MT = Moment at Height, ft. lb
hT = Distance from base to section under consideration, ft.
D = Diameter of Vessel, ft
Pw = Wind Pressure, lb / sq. ft

MT = M-hT (V-0.5 Pw x D(1.2) x hT)

= 90517.58 - 20.36 x 5252.69 - 0.5 x 20.02 x 4.67 x 20.36
= 4090080.64 ft. lb

11 Stress, psi
Formula, 12 x M
S =
R² x π x t

Where, S = Stress, psi

M = Maximum Moment, ft. lb
t = Required Thk., Corrosion Excluded, in.

12 x M
S =
R² x π x t
12 x 90517.58
=
28² x 3.14 x 1
1086210.91
=
9837.341039
= 110.4171244 psi
12 Required Thk., for Wind
Formula, 12 x MT
t =
R² x π x S x E
Where,
t = Required Thk., Corrosion Excluded, in.
MT = Moment at Height, ft. lb
S = Actual Stress, psi
E = Joint Efficiency

12 x MT
t =
R² x π x S x E
12 x 4090080.64
=
28² x 3.14 x 20000 x 1
49080967.64
=
1251509724.60
= 0.16 in
= 4.00 mm

13 Required Thk., for Weight

Formula, W
t =
D x 3.14 x S x E
Where,
W = Weight, lb
D = Diameter of Vessel, ft
S = Actual Stress, psi
E = Joint Efficiency

W
t =
D x 3.14 x S x E
938.62
=
1422 x 3.14 x 20000 x 1
938.62
=
293287.9865
= 0.12 in
= 3.08 mm

14 Total Thickness Skirt

t = 0.40 in
= 10.08 mm

Use = 10 mm Plate
= 0.40 in plate

15 Vibration
Period of Vibration :
Formula,
T = 0.0000265 x (H/D)² x √w x D/t

Where,
T = Perid of vibration, sec
H = Length of Vessel Incuding skirt, ft
t = Thk. Of skirt at the base, in
V = Total shear, lb
w = Weight of tower per foot of heigh, lb
D = Outside diameter of vessel, ft

T = 0.0000265 x (H/D)² x √w x D/t

= 0.0000265 x (34.47/4.67)² x √938.6 x 4.67/0.43

= 0.24 sec
16 Deflection
Formula, Pw x D1 x H (12 x H)ᶟ
ΔM =
8xExI
Where,
ΔM = Maximum Deflection (at the top), in
D1 = Width of the vessel with etc, ft
Pw = Wind Pressure, psi
H = Length if vessel, included skirt, ft
E = Modulus elasticity, psi
I = Rᶟ x ∏ * t, moment inertia of cylindrical shell (when R>10t), in
t = Thk. of skirt, in.

Modulus elasticity, = 29007500 psi Radius, 711 mm

28.00 in
Pw x D1 x H (12 x H)ᶟ
ΔM =
8xExI
5 x 4.67 x 34.47 (12 x 4.67)ᶟ
ΔM =
8 x 29007500 x 28ᶟ x 3.14 x 0.39
2.2774E+11
ΔM =
6.34614E+12
ΔM = 0.04 in
0.91 mm