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KADET
SENIOR
PERFORMANCE-SPECIFICATIONS
SPEED:
Maximum speed at sea level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.32 KNOTS
Cruise, 75 % Power at 6000 ft. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.38 KNOTS
CRUISE:
75% Power at 6000 ft.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Range 𝟏𝟔. 𝟗 NM
Time 0.269 HRS
Speed 60.38 KNOTS
OPTIMUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Range 64.068 NM
Time 1.9 HRS
Speed 34.8 KNOTS
LANDING PERFORMANCE:
Ground Roll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737 FT
Total distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1688.89 FT
BATERRY:
Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2V
Current/ Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5000mAh
KADET
SENIOR
KADET SENIOR
This manual includes information necessary for the pilot to operate the aircraft
safely in the different stages of flight
COPYRIGHT © 2013
HIPEC
BOGOTÀ, COLOMBIA
This handbook is not designed as a substitute for adequate and competent flight instruction,
knowledge of current airworthiness directives, applicable federal air regulations or advisory
circulars. It is not intended to be a guide for basic flight instruction or a training manual and
should not be used for operational purposes unless kept in a current status.
Assurance that the airplane is in an airworthy condition is the responsibility of the owner.
The pilot in command is responsible for determining that the airplane is safe for flight. The
pilot is also responsible for remaining within the operating limitations as outlined by
instrument markings, placards, and this handbook.
AUTHORS
JAIME ALBERTO LEYTON MORENO
YESID CAMILO PARRA ROJAS
ANGELICA MARIA RINCON CARDOZO
ALEJANDRA ECHEVERRY CASAS
DENNYS SOFIA ROZO MEDINA
MIGUEL ANGEL LEON MARROQUIN
JAIRO GIOVANNI RODRIGUEZ PINILLA
SECTION 1
GENERAL
NOTES:
INTRODUCTION
Section 1 includes descriptive data and information, it has a brief description of the
batteries, weights and also contains explanations of symbols that were in this handbook.
DESCRIPTIVE DATA
ENGINE
Number of engines: 1
Engine manufacturer: Model motors s.r.o.
Engine model number: AXI 4120/18
Rated horsepower(watts): 1000 watts
Rated speed (rpm/v): 515
Number of cells: 16-20
Diameter case (inches): 1,953
Shaft Diameter (inches): 0,234
Length (inches): 2,1875
San Buenaventura University.
POH Kadet Senior.
Section 1.2.
General
PROPELLER
Number of propellers: 1
Propeller manufacturer: APC propellers
Model: 14x10 Thin Electric propellers
Length (inches): 14
Propeller type: Fixed pitch
Pitch (inches): 10
BATTERIES
Number of batteries: 2
Voltage (v): 22,2
Capacity (Ah): 5
FUSELAGE DIMENSIONS
Weight: 3,31lbs
Maximum length of fuselage: 55,51 inches
Maximum length transverse: 4,76 inches
SPECIFIC LOADINGS
𝑙
Wing loading 𝑓𝑡 2 1934
𝑙𝑏
Power loading 𝐻𝑃
14,4
San Buenaventura University.
POH Kadet Senior.
Section 1.3.
General
INTRODUCTION
Section 2 includes operating limitations and load factors for the safe operation of the
airplane. Specific data information where includes power plant, center of gravity and
maneuver limitations. The information include haven not been approved by any
organization, just for academic purposes.
AIRSPEED LIMITATIONS
Airspeed limitations are given by the manual, never exceed speed and
maneuvering speeds are shown in figure 2.
NORMAL CATEGORY
MANEUVER LIMITS
The UAV Kadet senior is used for day operation, on recognition and observation missions,
the camera incorporated is used for aerial photography to 200 m above the ground and
atmospheric data collection at 1000m on the ground.
The service ceiling is about 15233 about the sea level, which it means that it starts to slow
downs and it becomes unstable.
San Buenaventura University.
POH Kadet Senior.
Section 2.3.
Limitations
BATTERY LIMITS
2 Batteries Lipo
Total Voltage: 22,2 v
Cell Count: 6s
Total Capacity: 4500 – 5000 mAh
NOTE
To make sure that the plane take-off and land properly, keep the enough charge for the
batteries.
SECTION 3
PERFORMANCE
INTRODUCTION
Section 3 includes the performance of the UAV kadet, which includes take off, climb,
cruising, gliding and landing. Each one has a chart and their example which gives an idea of
how it behaves, it also has a description of the airspeed calibration at different altitudes and
a chart of density altitude to make sure that the plane is well developed.
Performance charts are shown to observe what the UAV behave under various conditions,
and also to make easier the planning of the flights in detail. The charts calculated are
experimental and where made with performance equations and not with previous test made
to the airplane.
100.0
90.0
KTAS KCAS
80.0
10 9.0 70.0
20 17.9 60.0
KCAS
30 26.9 50.0
40 35.8 40.0
30.0
50 44.8
20.0
60 53.8 10.0
70 62.7 0.0
80 71.7 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
90 80.7 KTAS
100 89.7
Example:
Altitude 10000 ft
Density 0,904729062 (kg/m^3)
KTAS 90
Ve 82.3 m/s
qc 4223.7
San Buenaventura University.
POH Kadet Senior.
Section 3.2
Performance.
90.00
KTAS KCAS 80.00
10 8.29 70.00
20 16.59 60.00
30 24.89 50.00
KCAS
40 33.19 40.00
50 41.50 30.00
60 49.82 20.00
70 58.15
10.00
80 66.49
0.00
90 74.85 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
100 83.22 KTAS
90.00
KTAS KCAS 80.00
10 7.97 70.00
20 15.95 60.00
30 23.93 50.00
KCAS
40 31.92 40.00
50 39.91 30.00
60 47.92 20.00
70 55.94
10.00
80 63.97
0.00
90 72.02 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
100 80.08 KTAS
400
350
300
Fahrenheit
250
200
150
100
50
0
0 50 100 150 200
Celsius
Example:
0
1000
17000
2000
3000
4000
5000
12000 6000
7000
Density altitude ft
8000
9000
10000
7000 11000
12000
13000
14000
15000
2000 ISA
0
1000
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40
2000
3000
-3000
Temperature ºc
Example:
Temperature: 20°C
Pressure altitude: 11000 ft.
Density altitude: 5500 ft.
San Buenaventura University.
POH Kadet Senior.
Section 3.5
Performance.
STALL SPEEDS
Angle of Bank
0 30 45 60
Weight (N) KTAS KTAS KTAS KTAS
At sea level 68.6 20.296 21.810 24.136 28.703
At 6000 ft 68.6 22.196 23.851 26.396 31.390
Figure 8. Stall speeds
Example:
Altitude 6000 ft
Weight 98.6 N
Angle of Bank 30°
Stall velocity 23.851 KTAS
0 KNOTS
Take off speed Pressure
(KNOTS) altitude (FT) 0°C 10°C 20°C
ground total ground total ground total
lift off roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft)
58.025 0 273.88 278.37 290.68 294.29 305.8 309.44
59.108 2500 314.63 318.3 330.08 333.85 344.94 348.75
64.140 5000 354.33 358.2 369.65 373.58 384.48 388.45
67.240 7500 394.58 398.62 409.97 414.1 424.9 429.8
70.553 10000 435.89 440.12 449.47 455.83 466.66 471.09
Figure 9. O KNOTS Headwind
San Buenaventura University.
POH Kadet Senior.
Section 3.6
Performance.
9 KNOTS
Take off speed Pressure
(KNOTS) altitude (FT) 0°C 10°C 20°C
ground total ground total ground total
lift off roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft)
58.025 0 273.88 277.42 289.73 293.3 304.82 308.46
59.108 2500 313.64 317.35 329.1 332.87 343.96 347.76
64.140 5000 353.37 357.21 368.7 372.63 383.49 387.5
67.240 7500 393.6 397.67 409.02 413.12 423.95 428.11
70.553 10000 434.94 439.17 450.55 454.85 465.74 470.14
Figure 10. 9 KNOTS Headwind
15 KNOTS
Take off speed Pressure
(KNOTS) altitude (FT) 0°C 10°C 20°C
ground roll total ground roll total ground roll total
lift off (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (ft)
58.025 0 273.06 276.6 288.91 292.48 304 307.67
59.108 2500 312.86 316.53 328.31 332.05 343.14 346.94
64.140 5000 352.55 356.39 367.88 371.81 382.62 386.67
67.240 7500 392.78 396.85 408.2 414.3 423.12 427.29
70.553 10000 434.12 438.35 449.73 454.03 464.92 469.32
Figure 11. 15 KNOTS Headwind
Example:
Weight 15.69 lb
Take off velocity 64.140 KNOTS
Pressure altitude 5000 ft
Temperature 10°C
Ground roll 367.88 ft
Total 371.81 ft
San Buenaventura University.
POH Kadet Senior.
Section 3.7
Performance.
RATE OF CLIMB
Example:
Example:
Example:
Weight 15.46 lb
ISA+40
Pressure altitude 9500 ft
Climb speed 32.051 KTAS
Maximun climb angle 29.544°
San Buenaventura University.
POH Kadet Senior.
Section 3.9
Performance.
CRUISE PERFORMANCE
Pressure
altitude (ft) 40° 20° 0° -20°
Power Power Power Power
variation KTAS variation KTAS variation KTAS variation KTAS
55% 60.53 55% 59.3 55% 58.07 55% 56.73
2500 65% 64.4 65% 63.02 65% 61.64 65% 60.15
75% 67.78 75% 66.28 75% 64.83 75% 63.28
Example:
RANGE
15000 15000
Pressure altitude ft
Pressure altitude ft
9000 9000
55% 55%
7000 7000
65% 65%
5000 5000
75% 75%
3000 3000
1000 1000
-1000 6 -1000 6 11 16 21
11 16 21
Range MN Range MN
15000 15000
13000 -20°C
13000 20°C
11000 11000
Pressure altitude ft
Pressure altitude ft
9000 9000
55% 55%
7000 7000
65% 65%
5000 5000
75% 75%
3000 3000
1000 1000
-1000 6 -1000 6 11 16 21
11 16 21
Range MN Range MN
Example:
ENDURANCE
16000
14000
12000
Pressure altitude (ft)
10000
8000 55%
6000 65%
75%
4000
2000
0
0.300 0.400 0.500 0.600 0.700 0.800 0.900 1.000
Endurance (minutos)
Example:
GLIDING DISTANCE
18000
16000
14000
Pressure altitude (ft)
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0.00 50000.00 100000.00 150000.00 200000.00
Gliding distance (ft)
Example:
LANGIND PERFORMANCE
0 KNOTS
Take off speed Pressure 0°C 10°C 20°C
(KNOTS) altitude
Approach Touch (FT) ground total ground total ground total
speed down roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft)
33.3566596 29.519 0 712.14 1662.72 729.02 1680.03 745.54 1696.9
34.9234118 30.894 2500 755.36 1707.06 772.81 1724.97 798.84 1742.4
37.8800248 33.509 5000 800.75 1753.67 818.69 1772.12 1790.1 836.16
38.3348884 33.912 7500 848.18 1802.48 866.53 1821.13 1884.36 1839.7
41.6705543 36.862 10000 897.51 1852.34 1872.63 916.18 1891.36 934.29
Figure 22. 0 KNOTS Headwind
San Buenaventura University.
POH Kadet Senior.
Section 3.13
Performance.
10 KNOTS
Take off speed Pressure 0°C 10°C 20°C
(KNOTS) altitude
Approach Touch (FT) ground total ground total ground total
speed down roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft)
33.35665967 29.519 0 573.92 1524.51 590.81 1541.82 607.33 1558.76
34.92341187 30.894 2500 617.15 1568.84 634.6 1586.75 651.63 1604.25
37.88002488 33.509 5000 662.54 1615.46 680.47 1633.9 697.95 1651.88
38.33488842 33.912 7500 709.96 1664.26 728.31 1683.17 746.15 1701.15
41.67055439 36.862 10000 759.29 1715.13 777.96 1734.42 796.08 1753.15
Figure 23. 10 KNOTS Headwind
5 KNOTS
Take off speed Pressure 0°C 10°C 20°C
(KNOTS) altitude
Approach Touch (FT) ground total ground total ground total
speed down roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft) roll (ft) (ft)
33.35665967 29.519 0 446.11 1396.7 463 1414.01 479.52 1430.95
34.92341187 30.894 2500 489.34 1441.03 506.79 1458.94 523.82 1476.44
37.88002488 33.509 5000 534.73 1487.65 552.66 1506.09 570.14 1524.07
38.33488842 33.912 7500 582.15 1536.45 600.5 1555.36 618.34 1573.75
41.67055439 36.862 10000 631.48 1587.32 650.15 1606.61 668.27 1625.34
Figure 24. 15 KNOTS Headwind
Example:
Weight 15.69 lb
Take off velocity (Approach speed 34.923 KNOTS, Touch down speed 30.849 KNOTS)
Pressure altitude 2500 ft
Temperature 10°C
Ground roll 634.6 ft - Total roll 1586.75 ft