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Project : Feature

Structure : Designed REF


Codes : Checked Date
Reference Calculation Output

1. Design Loadings ( Ultimate loads)

Load combination FC [kN] BM, Mx [kNm] SF, Fv [kN]


18.64 22.04 25.86

Point Load, P = 2 kN
Distance of point load from nearer support, a e = 350 mm
2. Member Checks

2.1 Design of member 254x146x37 UB

Steel grade = S 275

Material Properties
Table 9 Design strength of steel, Py = 275 N/mm2

Modulus of elasticity E = 205000 N/mm2

2.2 Section Properties

D = 256.0 mm
B = 146.40 mm
t = 6.30 mm
T = 10.90 mm
b = 73.2 mm
d = 219.00 mm
Sx = 483 cm3
Sy = 119 cm4
Zx = 433 cm3
Zy = 78 cm3
r = 7.60 mm
E = 2.05E+05 N/mm2
Ix = 5537 cm4
ry = 34.8 mm
rx = 108.0 mm
x = 24.3
A = 47.2 cm2
Local Buckling Ratios :
b/T = 6.72
d/t = 34.80

Lateral restraint
Distance between major axis restraints Lx = 6060 mm
Distance between minor axis restraints Ly = 1000 mm

Effective length factors


Effective length factor in major axis Kx = 1
Effective length factor in minor axis Ky = 1
Effective length factor for lateral‐torsional buckling KLT = 1.4 Ly + 2 x D
= 1912 mm
2.3 Section Classification:
3.1.1 T < 16 mm
Table 9 therefore; Design Strength, Py = 275
ε = (275/py)0.5
= (275/275)^0.5
= 1.00
3.5.2 For Rolled Section; Outstand Element of Compression Flange ‐
Project : Feature

Structure : Designed REF


Codes : Checked Date
Reference Calculation Output

1. Design Loadings ( Ultimate loads)

Load combination FC [kN] BM, Mx [kNm] SF, Fv [kN]


18.64 22.04 25.86

Point Load, P = 2 kN
Distance of point load from nearer support, a e = 350 mm
2. Member Checks

2.1 Design of member 254x146x37 UB

Table 11 For Flange : b/t = 9ε = 9.0


Actual b/T = 6.72
< 9.0 Flange is Class 1
Flange is Class 1 Plastic Plastic
Web of an I‐, H‐ or Box Section; Neutral Axis at Mid‐depth ‐
For Web : d/t = 80 ε
= 80.0 =
Actual d/t = 34.80
< 80.0
Web is Class 1 Plastic Web is Class 1
Plastic
Therefore : Section is Class 1 Plastic

2.4 Check For Shear Buckling


Cl. 4.2.3 d/t < 70ε, and Hence Check for Shear Buckling is not required

2.5 Check for Shear Capacity


Clause 4.2.3 shear Capacity Pv = 0.6PyAv
For back to back equal angles Av = 2 x t x D
= 1612.8 mm2
Hence, shear capacity Pv = .6 x 275 x 1612.8/1000
= 266.11 kN Adequate for
> Fv = 25.86 kN Shear
4.2.5 2.6 Check For Moment Capacity :

Clause 4.2.5.2/ Cl Check for High/Low Shear (at point of Maximum Moment, Fvm)
4.2.5.3 Shear at point of Maximum Moment Fvc = 18.64 kN
Limiting Shear, Fve = 0.6 x Pv
= 0.6 x 266 kN
= 159.67 kN
> 18.64 Low Shear
Low Shear
For Low Shear (for Class 1 Plastic or Class 2 Compact cross‐sections)
Mcx = min ( Py Sx , 1.2 Py Zx ) = 132.83 kN
> 22.0 kN‐m ; Adequate for Flexure

4.2.5.1 2.7 Check Limit To Avoid Irreversible Deformation Under Serviceability Loads :
For simply supported beam : Mcx ≤ 1.2 py Zx
Mcx = 132.8
< 142.89 kN‐m Adequate for
Adequate for Flexure Flexure

Part 1 :2000 / 2.8 Web Bearing and Buckling Under the Point Load :
4.5.2.1 2.8.1 Bearing capacity of the unstiffened web : P ≤ Pbw ; Pbw = (b1 + nk) t pyw
Project : Feature

Structure : Designed REF


Codes : Checked Date
Reference Calculation Output

1. Design Loadings ( Ultimate loads)

Load combination FC [kN] BM, Mx [kNm] SF, Fv [kN]


18.64 22.04 25.86

Point Load, P = 2 kN
Distance of point load from nearer support, a e = 350 mm
2. Member Checks

2.1 Design of member 254x146x37 UB

pyw = 275 N/mm2 ; b1 = t + 1.6r + 2T = 40 mm


n = 5 (not at the end of the member) ; k = T+r = 18.5 mm
Pbw = (40.26+5x18.5)x6.3x275/1000
Project : Feature

Structure : Designed REF


Codes : Checked Date
Reference Calculation Output

1. Design Loadings ( Ultimate loads)

Load combination FC [kN] BM, Mx [kNm] SF, Fv [kN]


18.64 22.04 25.86

Point Load, P = 2 kN
Distance of point load from nearer support, a e = 350 mm
2. Member Checks

2.1 Design of member 254x146x37 UB

= 230.01 kN
> 2 kN
Therefore Bearing Capacity of the unstiffened web under the point load is adequate

4.5.3.1 2.8.2 Buckling resistance of the unstiffened web : P ≤ Px ;


Check if ; ae ≥ 0.7d ;ae is the distance from the load to the nearer end of the member
ae = 350 mm > 153.3 mm ; Therefore
25 ε T
Px= Pbw
√(b1 + nk) d
25 x 1 x 10.9 x230
Px=
√( 40.26 + 5x 18.5 ) x 219
Px= 367.58 kN

> 2 kN
; Therefore Buckling Resistance of the unstiffened web under the point load is adequate

4.5.2.1 2.9 Web Bearing and Buckling at the Support :


2.9.1 Bearing capacity of the unstiffened web : Fv ≤ Pbw ; Pbw = (b1 + nk) t pyw
pyw = 275 N/mm2 b1 = t + T + 0.8r ‐ g = 13.28 (properties of the supporting element )
n = 2 + 0.6be/k ≤ 5 ; be is the distance to the nearer end of the
member from the end of the stiff bearing = 0 mm
k = T+r = 10.9 + 7.6 = 18.50 mm
n = 2+0.6 x0/18.5 = 2 < 5 ; Therefore use n = 2.0

pbw = (13.28+2x18.5)6.3x275/1000
= 87.1101 kN > 25.9 kN

; Therefore Bearing Capacity of the unstiffened web at the support is adequate

2.9.2 Buckling resistance of the unstiffened web : Fv ≤ Px ;

Check if ae ≥ 0.7d ae is the distance from the reaction to


the nearer end of the member = 25 mm
25 ≥ 0.7 x 219.00

ae = 25 mm < 153.3 mm ; Therefore


ae + 0.7d 25 ε T
Px= x Pbw
1.4 √(b1 + nk) d
25+153.3 25 x 1 x 10.9 x87.1
Px= x
1.4x219 √( 13.28 + 2x 18.5 ) x 219
Px= 0.58 x 226.21 kN
= 131.551 kN
> 26 kN

; Therefore Buckling Resistance of the unstiffened web at the support is adequate


Project : Feature

Structure : Designed REF


Codes : Checked Date
Reference Calculation Output

1. Design Loadings ( Ultimate loads)

Load combination FC [kN] BM, Mx [kNm] SF, Fv [kN]


18.64 22.04 25.86

Point Load, P = 2 kN
Distance of point load from nearer support, a e = 350 mm
2. Member Checks

2.1 Design of member 254x146x37 UB

4.3.0 2.10 Lateral Torsional Buckling : Mx ≤ Mb/mLT ;


Project : Feature

Structure : Designed REF


Codes : Checked Date
Reference Calculation Output

1. Design Loadings ( Ultimate loads)

Load combination FC [kN] BM, Mx [kNm] SF, Fv [kN]


18.64 22.04 25.86

Point Load, P = 2 kN
Distance of point load from nearer support, a e = 350 mm
2. Member Checks

2.1 Design of member 254x146x37 UB

Effective Length of the segment, LE = 1912 mm


4.3.6.7 Slenderness λ = LE/ry
= 54.94
4.3.6.8 Buckling Parameter u = 0.89
Torsional Index x = 23.5
λ/x = 2.3
Flange ratio for UB sections η = 0.5
4.3.6.9 for Class 1 Plastic or Class 2 Compact Sections βW = 1.0
Therefore,
Table 19 Slenderness Factore, ν = 0.95
Cl. 4.3.6.7 Equivalent Slenderness, λLT = uvλ√βw
Table 19 = 46.45
Table 19 Limiting Slenderness, λLO = 0.4(π²E/py)0.5
= 34.31

Equivalent Slenderness > Limiting Slenderness, and Hence Check for Lateral
Torsional Buckling is Required
Table 16 Buckling Resistance, pb = 245.2 N/mm2

Cl. 4.3.6.4 Buckling Resistance Moment Capacity, Mb = pb Sx


= 118.43 kNm Mb = 118.43
kNm
Design Bending Moment, Mx = 22.04 kNm
Table 18 Therefore, Mb/MLT = 118.43 kNm

Hence, Section's Buckling Moment Capacity is Satisfactory Satisfactory

2.11 COMPRESSION CAPACITY

Design compressive force Fc = 18.64 kN


Effective length for major axis buckling LEx = 6060 mm
Slenderness ratio λx = LEx/rx
= 56.11
Table 23 Struct curve = a
Table 24 Compressive strength pc = 244 N/mm2
Cl 4.7.4 Compressive resistance = Apcx
= 1151.7 kN

Hence, Section's Compressive Capacity is Satisfactory with respect to major axis Satisfactory

Effective length for major axis buckling LEy = 1000 mm


Slenderness ratio λx = LEy/ry
= 28.74
Table 23 Struct curve = b
Table 24 Compressive strength pc = 263.24 N/mm2
Cl 4.7.4 Compressive resistance = Apcy
= 1242.5 kN
Project : Feature

Structure : Designed REF


Codes : Checked Date
Reference Calculation Output

1. Design Loadings ( Ultimate loads)

Load combination FC [kN] BM, Mx [kNm] SF, Fv [kN]


18.64 22.04 25.86

Point Load, P = 2 kN
Distance of point load from nearer support, a e = 350 mm
2. Member Checks

2.1 Design of member 254x146x37 UB

Hence, Section's Compressive Capacity is Satisfactory with respect to major axis Satisfactory

2.11.1 COMPRESSIVE MEMBERS WITH MOMENTS

Cl 4.8.3.2 Combined compression & bending check = Fc/(A x py) + M/Mc


= 0.18
Hence, Section's combined compression & bending is satisfactory Satisfactory

Cl 4.8.3.3 2.11.2 MEMBER BUCKLING RESISTANCE

Max major axis moment governing Mb MLT = Mx


= 22.04 kNm

mx = 1
my = 1
Cl 4.8.3.3.2 Buckling resistance check = Fc/Pcx + (mxM/Mcx)(1 + 0.5Fc/Pcx)
= 0.1835
Fc/Pcy + mLTMLT/Mb
= 0.2

Hence, Section's member buckling resistance is satisfactory Satisfactory

(2.5.2 Table 8) 2.12 CHECK FOR DEFLECTION

From SAP2000 Actual Deflection due to Charateristic Imposed Loads = 2.8 mm

for : Beams carrying plaster or other brittle finish


Allowable deflection, δa δa = Le
360
= 6060
360
= 16.83
Therefore : 254x146x37 UB
Hence, Deflection is Satisfactory Satisfactory

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