MY LEXICAL NOTEBOOK STUDENT: Maja Koprivica

TOPIC: Colours (adjectives and nouns)

WHITE
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

white adjective (COLOUR) /waɪt/

A1 of a colour like that of snow, milk, or bone:

a white T-shirt
white walls
a black and white dog
He's white-haired now.
"How do you like your coffee?" "White (= with milk or cream) and no sugar, please.”

C2 having a pale face because you are not well, or you are feeling shocked:

She was white, and her lips were pale.

A2 used in the names of various food and drink products, many of which are
not pure white but slightly cream, yellow, grey, or transparent:

white bread
white chocolate
white flour
white sugar

white adjective (PEOPLE)

B1 of a person who has skin that is pale in colour:

He had a black mother and a white father.

a predominantly white neighbourhood

white noun (COLOUR)

A2 [U] a colour like that of snow, milk, or bone:

In some countries it is traditional for a bride to wear white.

whites [plural]› white clothes, either worn for sports or put together to bewashed at
the same time:

There was a group of men in cricket whites on the bus

white of the eye› the part of the eye that is white:

Don't shoot until you see the whites of their eyes (= until the people are very close to you).

egg white/white of an egg› the transparent part of

an egg that surrounds the yolk and becomes white when cooked:

Whisk four egg whites into stiff peaks.

white noun (PERSON)

[C] a person who has skin that is pale in colour:

The neighbourhood is populated mainly by whites.

WordNet

Noun

 S: (n) White, White person, Caucasian (a Caucasian)

 S: (n) white, whiteness (the quality or state of the achromatic color of greatest
lightness (bearing the least resemblance to black))
 S: (n) White, Edward White, Edward D. White, Edward Douglas White
Jr. (United States jurist appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme
Court in 1910 by President Taft; noted for his work on antitrust legislation
(1845-1921))
 S: (n) White, Patrick White, Patrick Victor Martindale White (Australian writer
(1912-1990))
  S: (n) White, T. H. White, Theodore Harold White (United States political
journalist (1915-1986))
 S: (n) White, Stanford White (United States architect (1853-1906))
 S: (n) White, E. B. White, Elwyn Brooks White (United States writer noted for
his humorous essays (1899-1985))
 S: (n) White, Andrew D. White, Andrew Dickson White (United States
educator who in 1865 (with Ezra Cornell) founded Cornell University and
served as its first president (1832-1918))
 S: (n) White, White River (a tributary of the Mississippi River that flows
southeastward through northern Arkansas and southern Missouri)
 S: (n) egg white, white, albumen, ovalbumin (the white part of an egg; the
nutritive and protective gelatinous substance surrounding the yolk consisting
mainly of albumin dissolved in water) "she separated the whites from the yolks of
several eggs"
 S: (n) white ((board games) the lighter pieces)
 S: (n) flannel, gabardine, tweed, white ((usually in the plural) trousers made of
flannel or gabardine or tweed or white cloth)

Adjective

 S: (adj) white (being of the achromatic color of maximum lightness; having

little or no hue owing to reflection of almost all incident light) "as white as fresh
snow"; "a bride's white dress"
 S: (adj) white (of or belonging to a racial group having light skin
coloration) "voting patterns within the white population"
 S: (adj) white (free from moral blemish or impurity; unsullied) "in shining white
armor"
 S: (adj) white, snowy (marked by the presence of snow) "a white Christmas"; "the
white hills of a northern winter"
 S: (adj) white, lily-white (restricted to whites only) "under segregation there were even
white restrooms and white drinking fountains"; "a lily-white movement which would expel
Negroes from the organization"
 S: (adj) white, white-hot (glowing white with heat) "white flames"; "a white-hot
center of the fire"
 S: (adj) white (benevolent; without malicious intent) "that's white of you"
 S: (adj) blank, clean, white ((of a surface) not written or printed on) "blank
pages"; "fill in the blank spaces"; "a clean page"; "wide white margins"
 S: (adj) white ((of coffee) having cream or milk added)
 S: (adj) white, whitened ((of hair) having lost its color) "the white hairs of old age"
 S: (adj) ashen, blanched, bloodless, livid, white (anemic looking from illness or
emotion) "a face turned ashen"; "the invalid's blanched cheeks"; "tried to speak with
 bloodless lips"; "a face livid with shock"; "lips...livid with the hue of death"- Mary W.
Shelley; "lips white with terror"; "a face white with rage"
 S: (adj) white (of summer nights in northern latitudes where the sun barely
sets)"white nights"

Collins English Dictionary-Complete and Unabridged

White (waɪt)

n
1. (Peoples) a person, esp one of European ancestry, from a human population hav
ing light pigmentation of the skin
adj
2. (Peoples) denoting or relating to a White person or White people

white (waɪt)

adj
1. (Colours) having no hue due to the reflection of all or almost all incident light.
Compare black1
2. (General Physics) (of light, such as sunlight) consisting of all the colours of the s
pectrum or produced by certainmixtures of three additive primary colours, such as
red, green, and blue
3. (Colours) comparatively white or whitish-
grey in colour or having parts of this colour: white clover.
4. (Zoology) (of an animal) having pale-coloured or white skin, fur, or feathers
5. (Physiology) bloodless or pale, as from pain, emotion, etc
6. (Hairdressing & Grooming) (of hair, a beard, etc) silvery or grey, usually from
age
7. benevolent or without malicious intent: white magic.
8. (Colours) colourless or transparent: white glass.
9. capped with or accompanied by snow: a white Christmas.
10. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) (sometimes capital) counterrevolutionary,
very conservative, or royalist. Compare Red2
11. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) blank, as an unprinted area of a page
12. (Brewing) (of wine) made from pale grapes or from black grapes separated
from their skins
13. (Cookery)
a. (of coffee or tea) with milk or cream
 b. (of bread) made with white flour
14. (General Physics) physics having or characterized by a continuous distribution of
energy, wavelength, or frequency: white noise.
15. honourable or generous
16. (Arms & Armour (excluding Firearms)) (of armour) made completely of iron or
steel (esp in the phrase whiteharness)
17. morally unblemished
18. (of times, seasons, etc) auspicious; favourable
19. having a fair complexion; blond
20. bleed white to deprive slowly of resources
21. whiter than white
a. extremely clean and white
b. very pure, honest, and moral

n
22. (Colours) a white colour
23. (Colours) the condition or quality of being white; whiteness
24. (Colours) the white or lightly coloured part or area of something
25. (Zoology) the white the viscous fluid that surrounds the yolk of a bird's egg,
esp a hen's egg; albumen
26. (Anatomy) anatomy the white part (sclera) of the eyeball
27. (Animals) any of various butterflies of the family Pieridae. See large
white, small white, cabbage white
28. (Chess & Draughts) chess draughts
a. a white or light-coloured piece or square
b. (usually capital) the player playing with such pieces
29. (Colours) anything that has or is characterized by a white colour, such as a
white paint or pigment, a white cloth, a white ball in billiards
30. (Printing, Lithography & Bookbinding) an unprinted area of a page
31. (Archery) archery
a. the outer ring of the target, having the lowest score
b. a shot or arrow hitting this ring
32. (Poetry) fairness of complexion
33. (Furniture) in the white (of wood or furniture) left unpainted or unvarnished
34. (Forestry) in the white (of wood or furniture) left unpainted or unvarnished

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language

White adjective
1. pale, grey, ghastly, wan, pasty, bloodless, pallid, ashen, waxen, like death
warmed up (informal), wheyfaced
He turned white and began to stammer.
2. silver (only used of hair) grey, snowy, grizzled, hoary an old man with white hair
whiter than white immaculate, innocent, virtuous, saintly, clean, pure, worthy, n
oble, stainless, impeccable,exemplary, spotless, squeaky-
clean, unblemished, untainted, unsullied, irreproachable, uncorrupted A man inh
is position has to be seen as being whiter than white.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

White adjective
1 having the colour of milk, salt, or snow:
a white dress
pure/snow white (=completely white)
snow white hair
2 a) belonging to the race of people with pale skin [↪ black]:
young white males
b) relating to white people:
a white neighborhood
3 looking pale, because of illness, strong emotion etc:
Are you OK? You're white as a sheet (=extremely pale).
white with anger/fear etc
Her voice shook, and her face was white with anger.
4 [usually before noun] British English white coffee has milk or cream in it
5 white wine is a pale yellow colour [↪ red]
6 a white Christmas
a Christmas when there is snow
—whiteness noun [uncountable]

White noun

1 COLOUR [uncountable] the colour of milk, salt, and snow

2 [countable] also White someone who belongs to the race of people with pale
skin ↪ black:
The mayor is very popular among whites.
3 [uncountable and countable] wine that is pale yellow in colour:
a nice bottle of white
California has some of the finest whites in the world.
4 [countable + of] the white part of your eye

5 [uncountable and countable] the part of an egg that surrounds the YOLK (=yellow
part) and becomes white when cooked
6 white [plural]
a) white clothes, sheets etc, which are separated from dark colours when they are
washed
b) white clothes that are worn for some sports, such as TENNIS
 BLACK

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Black adjective /blæk/

black adjective (COLOUR)

A1 having the darkest colour there is, like the colour of coal or of a very dark night:

black shoes

black adjective (PEOPLE)

A2 (ALSO Black) relating or belonging to people with black or dark

brown skin, especially people who live in Africa or whose family originally came
from Africa:

black culture Black Americans

black adjective (COFFEE/TEA) › without any milk or cream added:

a cup of strong black coffee. I like my tea black, with sugar.

black adjective (BAD)› without hope:

The future looked black.›

LITERARY bad or evil: a black-hearted villain

black noun (COLOUR)

A2 [U] the colour of coal or of the sky on a very dark night:

She often dresses in black (= in black clothes).

black and white› Black and white photography has no colours except black, white,
and grey:
The old newsreels were filmed in black and white.; a black and white photo

black noun (PEOPLE)› (ALSO Black) [C] OFFENSIVE a black person

WordNet

Noun

 S: (n) black, blackness, inkiness (the quality or state of the achromatic color of
least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white))
 S: (n) total darkness, lightlessness, blackness, pitch blackness, black (total
absence of light) "they fumbled around in total darkness"; "in the black of night"
 S: (n) Black, Joseph Black (British chemist who identified carbon dioxide and
who formulated the concepts of specific heat and latent heat (1728-1799))
 S: (n) Black, Shirley Temple Black, Shirley Temple (popular child actress of the
1930's (born in 1928))
 S: (n) Black, African-American, Negro, Negroid
 S: (n) black ((board games) the darker pieces)
 S: (n) black (black clothing (worn as a sign of mourning)) "the widow wore black"

Adjective

 S: (adj) black (being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having

little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light) "black leather
jackets"; "as black as coal"; "rich black soil"
 S: (adj) black (of or belonging to a racial group especially of sub-Saharan
African origin) "a great people--a black people--...injected new meaning and dignity into the
veins of civilization"- Martin Luther King Jr.
 S: (adj) black (marked by anger or resentment or hostility) "black looks"; "black
words"
 S: (adj) black, bleak, dim (offering little or no hope) "the future looked black";
"prospects were bleak"; "Life in the Aran Islands has always been bleak and difficult"-
J.M.Synge; "took a dim view of things"
 S: (adj) black, dark, sinister (stemming from evil characteristics or forces;
wicked or dishonorable) "black deeds"; "a black lie"; "his black heart has concocted yet
another black deed"; "Darth Vader of the dark side"; "a dark purpose"; "dark
 undercurrents of ethnic hostility"; "the scheme of some sinister intelligence bent on punishing
him"-Thomas Hardy
 S: (adj) black, calamitous, disastrous, fatal, fateful ((of events) having extremely
unfortunate or dire consequences; bringing ruin) "the stock market crashed on Black
Friday"; "a calamitous defeat"; "the battle was a disastrous end to a disastrous campaign";
"such doctrines, if true, would be absolutely fatal to my theory"- Charles Darwin; "it is fatal
to enter any war without the will to win it"- Douglas MacArthur; "a fateful error"
 S: (adj) black, blackened ((of the face) made black especially as with suffused
blood) "a face black with fury"
 S: (adj) black, pitch-black, pitch-dark (extremely dark) "a black moonless night";
"through the pitch-black woods"; "it was pitch-dark in the cellar"
 S: (adj) black, grim, mordant (harshly ironic or sinister) "black humor"; "a grim
joke"; "grim laughter"; "fun ranging from slapstick clowning ... to savage mordant wit"
 S: (adj) black ((of intelligence operations) deliberately misleading) "black
propaganda"
 S: (adj) bootleg, black, black-market, contraband, smuggled (distributed or sold
illicitly) "the black economy pays no taxes"
 S: (adj) black, disgraceful, ignominious, inglorious, opprobrious, shameful ((use
d of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame) "Man...has
written one of his blackest records as a destroyer on the oceanic islands"- Rachel Carson; "an
ignominious retreat"; "inglorious defeat"; "an opprobrious monument to human greed"; "a
shameful display of cowardice"
 S: (adj) black ((of coffee) without cream or sugar)
 S: (adj) black, smutty (soiled with dirt or soot) "with feet black from playing
outdoors"; "his shirt was black within an hour"

Collins English Dictionary-Complete and Unabridged

Black (blæk)

n
1. (Peoples) a member of a human population having dark pigmentation of the skin
adj
2. (Peoples) of or relating to a Black person or Black people: a Black neighbourhood.
Usage: Talking about a Black or Blacks is considered offensive and it is better to talk
about a Black person, Black people

Black (blæk)

adj
1. (Colours) of the colour of jet or carbon black, having no hue due to the
absorption of all or nearly all incident light. Compare white1
2. without light; completely dark
3. without hope or alleviation; gloomy: the future looked black.
4. very dirty or soiled: black factory chimneys.
5. angry or resentful: she gave him black looks.
6. (Theatre) (of a play or other work) dealing with the unpleasant realities of life, es
p in a pessimistic or macabre manner: black comedy.
7. (of coffee or tea) without milk or cream
8. causing, resulting from, or showing great misfortune: black areas of unemployment.
9.
a. wicked or harmful: a black lie.
b. (in combination): black-hearted.
10. causing or deserving dishonour or censure: a black crime.
11. (of the face) purple, as from suffocation
12. (Industrial Relations & HR Terms) Brit (of goods, jobs, works, etc) being
subject to boycott by trade unionists, esp insupport of industrial action elsewhere

n
13. (Colours) a black colour
14. (Dyeing) a dye or pigment of or producing this colour
15. black clothing, worn esp as a sign of mourning
16. (Chess & Draughts) chess draughts
a. a black or dark-coloured piece or square
b. (usually capital) the player playing with such pieces
17. complete darkness: the black of the night.
18. (Billiards & Snooker) a black ball in snooker, etc
19. (Gambling, except Cards) (in roulette and other gambling games) one of two
colours on which players may placeeven bets, the other being red
20. in the black in credit or without debt
21. (Archery) archery a black ring on a target, between the outer and the blue, scorin
g three points
[Old English blæc; related to Old Saxon blak ink, Old High German blakra to blink]
 ˈblackish adj ˈblackishly adv ˈblackly adv ˈblackness n

Collins Thesaurus of The English Language

Black adjective

1. dark, raven, ebony, sable, jet, dusky, pitch-black, inky, swarthy, stygian, coal-
black, pitchy, murky He had thick black hair.
dark antonyms light, bright

2. dirty, soiled, stained, filthy, muddy, blackened, grubby, dingy, grimy, sooty, mucky,
scuzzy (slang, chieflyU.S.), begrimed, skanky (slang), mud-encrusted,
miry The whole front of him was black with dirt.
dirty ant. white, clean, pure, whitish

WordNet

black adjective

1. Of the darkest achromatic visual value:

ebon, ebony, inky, jet, jetty, onyx, pitch-black, pitchy, sable, sooty.
2. Having little or no light:
dark, pitch-dark.
3. Covered or stained with or as if with dirt or other impurities:
dirty, filthy, grimy, grubby, smutty, soiled, unclean, uncleanly.

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

Black adjective

black comparative blacker, superlative blackest

1 colour, having the darkest colour, like coal or night:

a black evening dress

jet/inky black (=very dark)
 jet black hair

2 no light, very dark because there is no light:

It was still pitch black (=very dark) out.

3 people (also Black)

a) belonging to the race of people who originally came from Africa and who have dark
brown skin [↪ white]:

Over half the students are black.

b) [only before noun] relating to black people:

politics from a black perspective

Black and Asian music

4 drink [only before noun] black coffee or tea does not have milk in it[≠ white]:
Black coffee, no sugar, please.

5 dirty, informal very dirty

be black with soot/dirt/age etc

6 without hope, sad and without hope for the future:
the blackest period of European history
a mood of black despair
It's been another black day for the car industry with more job losses announced.
7 humour, making jokes about serious subjects, especially death:

a very black joke

8 angry [only before noun] full of feelings of anger or hate[↪ blackly]:

Denise gave me a black look.

9 a black mark (against somebody)

if there is a black mark against you, someone has a bad opinion of you because of
something you have done
10 not be as black as you are painted, not to be as bad as people say you are

11 bad, literary very bad:

black deeds

— blackness noun [countable]

black noun

1 [uncountable and countable] the dark colour of coal or night:

You look good wearing black.

2 [countable] also Black someone who belongs to the race of people who originally
came from Africa and who have dark brown skin[↪ white]:

laws that discriminated against blacks

3 be in the black
to have money in your bank account [≠ be in the red]
 RED
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary
Red adjective
/red/ (redder, reddest)

COLOUR A1 being the same colour as blood: a red shirt

HAIR A2 Red hair is an orange-brown colour: Rosie's got red hair and freckles.

go red UK ( US turn red) B2 If someone goes red, their face becomes red because
they are embarrassed or angry: He kissed her on the cheek and she went bright red.
WINE A2 Red wine is made from black grapes (= small, round, purplefruits).

Red noun

A2 [C, U] the colour of blood

in the red› If your bank account is in the red, you have spent more money than there
was in it.

WordNet
Noun

 S: (n) red, redness (red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the
hue of blood)
 S: (n) Red, Red River (a tributary of the Mississippi River that flows eastward
from Texas along the southern boundary of Oklahoma and through Louisiana)
 S: (n) Bolshevik, Marxist, red, bolshie, bolshy (emotionally charged terms used
to refer to extreme radicals or revolutionaries)
 S: (n) loss, red ink, red (the amount by which the cost of a business exceeds its
revenue) "the company operated at a loss last year"; "the company operated in the red last
year"

Adjective
 S: (adj) red, reddish, ruddy, blood-red, carmine, cerise, cherry, cherry-
red, crimson,ruby, ruby-red, scarlet (of a color at the end of the color spectrum
(next to orange); resembling the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or
rubies)
 S: (adj) crimson, red, violent (characterized by violence or bloodshed) "writes of
crimson deeds and barbaric days"- Andrea Parke; "fann'd by Conquest's crimson wing"-
Thomas Gray; "convulsed with red rage"- Hudson Strode
 S: (adj) crimson, red, reddened, red-faced, flushed ((especially of the face)
reddened or suffused with or as if with blood from emotion or
exertion) "crimson with fury"; "turned red from exertion"; "with puffy reddened eyes"; "red-
faced and violent"; "flushed (or crimson) with embarrassment"

Collins English Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged

Red (rɛd)

adj
1. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) Communist, Socialist, or Soviet
2. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) radical, leftist, or revolutionary
n
3. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) a member or supporter of a Communist or
Socialist Party or a national of a statehaving such a government, esp the former So
viet Union
4. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) a radical, leftist, or revolutionary
[C19: from the colour chosen to symbolize revolutionary socialism]

Red (rɛd)

n
1. (Colours) any of a group of colours, such as that of a ripe tomato or fresh blood,
that lie at one end of the visible
spectrum, next to orange, and are perceived by the eye when light in the
approximate wavelength range 740 -620
nanometres falls on the retina. Red is the complementary colour of cyan and
forms a set of primary colours with blue and green.
2. (Dyeing) a pigment or dye of or producing these colours
3. (Textiles) red cloth or clothing: dressed in red.
4. (Billiards & Snooker) a red ball in snooker, billiards, etc
5. (Gambling, except Cards) (in roulette and other gambling games) one of two
colours on which players may place evenbets, the other being black
6. (Archery) Also called: inner archery a red ring on a target, between the blue and
the gold, scoring seven points
 7. (Banking & Finance) in the red in debit; owing money
8. see red to become very angry

adj, redder or reddest

9. (Colours) of the colour red
10. (Colours) reddish in colour or having parts or marks that are reddish: red hair;
red deer.
11. having the face temporarily suffused with blood, being a sign of anger, shame,
etc
12. (of the complexion) rosy; florid
13. (of the eyes) bloodshot
14. (of the hands) stained with blood, as after committing murder
15. bloody or violent: red revolution.
16. (Brewing) (of wine) made from black grapes and coloured by their skins
17. denoting the highest degree of urgency in an emergency; used by the police and
the army and informally (esp in thephrase red alert)
18. US relating to, supporting, or representing the Republican Party. Compare
[Old English rēad; compare Old High German rōt, Gothic rauths, Latin ruber, Greek
eruthros, Sanskrit rohita]
ˈredly adv ˈredness n

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language

noun & adjective

crimson, scarlet, ruby, vermilion, rose, wine, pink, cherry, cardinal, coral,
maroon, claret, carmine a bunch of red roses

adjective
1. flushed, embarrassed, blushing, beetroot, suffused, florid, shamefaced,
rubicund She was red with shame.
2. (of hair) chestnut, flaming, reddish, flame-
coloured, bay, sandy, foxy, Titian, carroty Her red hair flowed out inthe wind.
3. bloodshot, inflamed, red-rimmed He rubbed his red eyes.
4. rosy, healthy, glowing, blooming, ruddy, roseate rosy red cheeks

sanguine - a blood-red color

chrome red - a red pigment used in paints; basic lead chromate
alizarine red, Turkey red - a bright orange-
red color produced in cotton cloth with alizarine dye
carmine, cardinal - a variable color averaging a vivid red
crimson, deep red, ruby - a deep and vivid red color
dark red - a red color that reflects little light
purplish red, purplish-red - a red with a tinge of purple
cerise, cherry red, cherry - a red the color of ripe cherries
orange red, scarlet, vermilion -
a variable color that is vivid red but sometimes with an orange tinge

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

Red noun
1 [uncountable and countable] the colour of blood:
I like the way the artist uses red in this painting.
the reds and yellows of the trees
The corrections were marked in red (=in red ink).
2 [uncountable and countable] red wine [↪ white]:
a nice bottle of red
3 be in the red, informal to owe more money than you have [≠ be in the black;
↪ overdrawn]:
This is the airline's fourth straight year in the red.
4 [countable] informal someone who has COMMUNIST or very LEFT-WING political
opinions - used especially in the past to show disapproval

red adj. comparative redder, superlative reddest

1 COLOUR having the colour of blood:
We painted the door bright red.
a red balloon
2 HAIR hair that is red has an orange-brown colour
3 FACE if you go red, your face becomes a bright pink colour, especially because you
are embarrassed or angry
go/turn red
Every time you mention his name, she goes bright red.
4 WINE red wine is a red or purple colour [↪ white]
5 like a red rag to a bull
British English also like waving a red flag in front of a bull American English very likely
to make someone angry or upset:
 Just mentioning his ex-wife's name was like a red rag to a bull.
6 roll out the red carpet/give somebody the red carpet treatment
To give special treatment to an important visitor
7 not one red cent
American English informal used to emphasize that you mean no money at all:
I wouldn't give him one red cent for that car.
8 POLITICS
Informal COMMUNIST or extremely LEFT-WING political views - used to show
disapproval
—redness noun [uncountable]

GREEN

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Green adjective /ɡriːn/

COLOUR A1 being the same colour as grass: The traffic lights turned green.
ENVIRONMENT [always before noun]
B2 relating to nature and protecting the environment: a green activist/campaigner
GRASS B1 covered with grass or other plants: green spaces
NOT EXPERIENCED INFORMAL› having little experience or understanding: I was
very green when I joined the company.
Green noun /ɡriːn/

COLOUR [C, U] A2 the colour of grass

GOLF [C]› a special area of very short, smooth grass on a golf course: the 18th green
VILLAGE [C]› an area of grass in the middle of a village
 WordNet

Noun

 S: (n) green, greenness, viridity (green color or pigment; resembling the color of
growing grass)
 S: (n) park, commons, common, green (a piece of open land for recreational
use in an urban area) "they went for a walk in the park"
 S: (n) Green, William Green (United States labor leader who was president of
the American Federation of Labor from 1924 to 1952 and who led the struggle
with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (1873-1952))
 S: (n) Green (an environmentalist who belongs to the Green Party)
 S: (n) Green, Green River (a river that rises in western Wyoming and flows
southward through Utah to become a tributary of the Colorado River)
 S: (n) green, putting green, putting surface (an area of closely cropped grass
surrounding the hole on a golf course) "the ball rolled across the green and into the
bunker"
 S: (n) greens, green, leafy vegetable (any of various leafy plants or their leaves
and stems eaten as vegetables)
 S: (n) K, jet, super acid, special K, honey oil, green, cat valium, super C (street
names for ketamine)

Adjective

 S: (adj) green, greenish, light-green, dark-green (of the color between blue and
yellow in the color spectrum; similar to the color of fresh grass) "a green tree";
"green fields"; "green paint"
 S: (adj) green (concerned with or supporting or in conformity with the political
principles of the Green Party)
 S: (adj) green, unripe, unripened, immature (not fully developed or mature; not
ripe)"unripe fruit"; "fried green tomatoes"; "green wood"
 S: (adj) green (looking pale and unhealthy) "you're looking green"; "green around the
gills"
 S: (adj) fleeceable, green, gullible (naive and easily deceived or tricked) "at that
early age she had been gullible and in love"
 Collins English Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged

green (ɡriːn)

n
1. (Colours) any of a group of colours, such as that of fresh grass, that lie between
yellow and blue in the visiblespectrum in the wavelength range 575-
500 nanometres. Green is the complementary colour of magenta and with red
and blue forms a set of primary colours.
2. (Dyeing) a dye or pigment of or producing these colours
3. something of the colour green
4. a small area of grassland, esp in the centre of a village
5. an area of ground used for a purpose: a putting green.
6. (Plants) (plural)
a. the edible leaves and stems of certain plants, eaten as a vegetable
b. freshly cut branches of ornamental trees, shrubs, etc, used as a decoration
7. (Environmental Science) (sometimes capital) a person, esp a politician, who support
s environmentalist issues (see sense 13)
8. (Banking & Finance) money
9. (Plants) marijuana of low quality
10. (plural) sexual intercourse

adj
11. (Colours) of the colour green
12. (Animals) greenish in colour or having parts or marks that are greenish: a green
monkey.
13. (Environmental Science) (sometimes capital) concerned with or relating to
conservation of the world's natural
resources and improvement of the environment: green policies; the green consumer.
14. vigorous; not faded: a green old age.
15. envious or jealous
16. immature, unsophisticated, or gullible
17. characterized by foliage or green plants: a green wood; a green salad.
18. fresh, raw, or unripe: green bananas.
19. unhealthily pale in appearance: he was green after his boat trip.
20. (Economics) denoting a unit of account that is adjusted in accordance with
fluctuations between the currencies of the
EU nations and is used to make payments to agricultural producers within the EU:
green pound.
21. (Ceramics) (of pottery) not fired
22. (Cookery) (of meat) not smoked or cured; unprocessed: green bacon.
 23. (Metallurgy) metallurgy (of a product, such as a sand mould or cermet)
compacted but not yet fired; ready for firing
24. (Forestry) (of timber) freshly felled; not dried or seasoned
25. (General Engineering) (of concrete) not having matured to design strength
[Old English grēne; related to Old High German gruoni; see grow]
ˈgreenish adj ˈgreenly adv ˈgreenness n ˈgreeny adj

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language

sea green - the property of a moderate green color resembling the waters of the sea
sage green - the color of sage leaves
bottle green - dark to moderate or greyish green
chrome green - a brilliant green color
emerald - the green color of an emerald
olive green, olive-green - a color that is lighter and greener than olive
pea green, yellow green, yellowish green, chartreuse, Paris green -
a shade of green tinged with yellow
blue green, bluish green, teal - a blue-
green color or pigment; "they painted it a light shade of bluish green"
jade green, jade - a light green color varying from bluish green to yellowish green

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

Green adjective
1 having the colour of grass or leaves:
beautiful green eyes
Raw coffee beans are green in colour.
dark/light/pale/bright green
a dark green dress
2 GRASSY
covered with grass, trees, bushes etc:
green fields
3 FRUIT/PLANT
not yet ready to be eaten, or very young:
 The bananas are still green.
tiny green shoots of new grass
4 ENVIRONMENT
a) also Green [only before noun] connected with the environment or its protection:
green issues such as the greenhouse effect and global warming
He was an early champion of green politics.
b) harming the environment as little as possible:
We need to develop greener cleaning products.
5 WITHOUT EXPERIENCE informal young and lacking experience[= naive]:
I was pretty green then; I had a lot of things to learn.
6 ILL informal looking pale and unhealthy because you are ill:
George looked a bit green the next morning.
look green about/around the gills (=look pale and ill)
7 green with envy wishing very much that you had something that someone else
has
8 the green-eyed monster
literary JEALOUSY - often used humorously
9 have green fingers
British English have a green thumb American English to be good at making plants
grow
10 the green stuff
American English informal money
—greenness noun [uncountable]

Green noun
1 [uncountable and countable] the colour of grass and leaves:
a room decorated in pale blues and greens
different shades of green
2 greens
[plural] informal vegetables with large green leaves:
Eat your greens.
3 [countable] a level area of grass, especially in the middle of a village:
I walked home across the green.
➔VILLAGE GREEN
4 [countable] a smooth flat area of grass around each hole on a GOLF COURSE:
the 18th green
5 Green
[countable] someone who belongs to or supports a political party which thinks the
protection of the environment is very important:
The Greens have 254 candidates in the election.

YELLOW

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

yellow adjective /ˈjeləʊ/

A1 being the same colour as a lemon or the sun: a bright yellow tablecloth
yellow noun [C, U] A2 the colour yellow

Collins English Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged

yellow (ˈjɛləʊ)

n
1. (Colours) any of a group of colours that vary in saturation but have the same hue.
They lie in the approximatewavelength range 585-
575 nanometres. Yellow is the complementary colour of blue and with cyan and
magenta forms aset of primary colours.
2. (Dyeing) a pigment or dye of or producing these colours
3. (Textiles) yellow cloth or clothing: dressed in yellow.
4. (Zoology) the yolk of an egg
5. (Billiards & Snooker) a yellow ball in snooker, etc
6. (Animals) any of a group of pieridine butterflies the males of which have yellow or
yellowish wings, esp the cloudedyellows (Colias spp.) and the brimstone

adj
7. (Colours) of the colour yellow
8. yellowish in colour or having parts or marks that are yellowish: yellow jasmine.
9. (Anthropology & Ethnology) having a yellowish skin; Mongoloid
10. cowardly or afraid
11. (Journalism & Publishing) offensively sensational, as a cheap newspaper (esp in the
phrase yellow press)

[Old English geolu; related to Old Saxon, Old High German gelo, Old Norse gulr, Latin
helvus]
ˈyellowish adj ˈyellowly adv ˈyellowness n ˈyellowy adj

canary yellow, canary - a moderate yellow with a greenish tinge

amber, gold -
a deep yellow color; "an amber light illuminated the room"; "he admired the gold of
her hair"
brownish yellow - a yellow color of low lightness with a brownish tinge
lemon yellow, maize, gamboge, lemon - a strong yellow color
old gold - a dark yellow
orange yellow, saffron - a shade of yellow tinged with orange
pale yellow, straw, wheat - a variable yellow tint; dull yellow, often diluted with white
greenish yellow - a shade of yellow tinged with green

WordNet

Noun

 S: (n) yellow, yellowness (yellow color or pigment; the chromatic color

resembling the hue of sunflowers or ripe lemons)

Adjective

 S: (adj) yellow, yellowish, xanthous (of the color intermediate between green
and orange in the color spectrum; of something resembling the color of an egg
yolk)
 S: (adj) chicken, chickenhearted, lily-livered, white-livered, yellow, yellow-
bellied(easily frightened)
 S: (adj) yellow, yellowed (changed to a yellowish color by age) "yellowed
parchment"
 S: (adj) scandalmongering, sensationalistic, yellow (typical of
tabloids) "sensational journalistic reportage of the scandal"; "yellow press"
 S: (adj) yellow (cowardly or treacherous) "the little yellow stain of treason"-
M.W.Straight; "too yellow to stand and fight"
  S: (adj) jaundiced, icteric, yellow (affected by jaundice which causes yellowing
of skin etc)

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

yel‧low adj.
1 having the colour of butter or the middle part of an egg:
yellow flowers
2 not polite an offensive way of describing the skin colour of people from parts of
Asia
3 also yellow-bellied informal not brave [= cowardly]

yellow n. [uncountable and countable]

the colour of butter or the middle part of an egg:
Yellow doesn't suit me at all.
The room was decorated in a variety of reds, blues, and yellows.

BLUE

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Blue adjective /bluː/

COLOUR A1 being the same colour as the sky when there are no clouds:
a dark blue jacket
SAD INFORMAL› sad
SEX› about sex: a blue joke/movie
Blue noun [C, U] /bluː/
A2 the colour of the sky when there are no clouds
 Collins English Dictionary-Complete and Unabridged

Blue (bluː)

n
1. (Colours) any of a group of colours, such as that of a clear unclouded sky, that have
wave lengths in the range 490-
445 nanometres. Blue is the complementary colour of yellow and with red and green
forms a set of primary colours.
2. (Dyeing) a dye or pigment of any of these colours
3. (Textiles) blue cloth or clothing: dressed in blue.
4. (Education)
a. a sportsperson who represents or has represented Oxford or Cambridge University
and has the right to wearthe university colour (dark blue for Oxford, light blue for
Cambridge): an Oxford blue.
b. the honour of so representing one's university
5. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) Brit an informal name for Tory
6. (Animals) any of numerous small
blue-winged butterflies of the genera Lampides, Polyommatus, etc: familyLycaenidae
7. short for bluestocking
8. a policeman
9. (Archery) archery a blue ring on a target, between the red and the black, scoring five
points
10. (Billiards & Snooker) a blue ball in snooker, etc
11. (Dyeing) another name for blueing
12. Austral and NZ an argument or fight: he had a blue with a taxi driver.
13. (Law) Also: bluey Austral and NZ a court summons, esp for a traffic offence
14. Austral and NZ a mistake; error
15. out of the blue apparently from nowhere; unexpectedly: the opportunity came out of
the blue.
16. into the blue into the unknown or the far distance

adj, bluer or bluest

17. (Colours) of the colour blue
18. (of the flesh) having a purple tinge, as from cold or contusion
19. depressed, moody, or unhappy
20. dismal or depressing: a blue day.
21. indecent, titillating, or pornographic: blue films.
22. (Animals) bluish in colour or having parts or marks that are bluish: a blue fox; a blue
whale.
23. aristocratic; noble; patrician See blue blood: a blue family.
24. US relating to, supporting, or representing the Democratic Party. Compare red118

[C13: from Old French bleu, of Germanic origin; compare Old Norse blār, Old High G
erman blāo, Middle Dutch blā; related toLatin flāvus yellow]
ˈbluely adv ˈblueness n

azure, cerulean, lazuline, sky-blue, sapphire - a light shade of blue

powder blue - a pale blue color with grey in it
steel blue - a greyish blue color
Prussian blue - a dark greenish-blue color
dark blue, navy blue, navy - a dark shade of blue
cobalt blue, greenish blue, peacock blue, aqua, aquamarine, turquoise -
a shade of blue tinged with green
purplish blue, royal blue - a shade of blue tinged with purple
ultramarine - a vivid blue to purple-blue color

WordNet

Noun

 S: (n) blue, blueness (blue color or pigment; resembling the color of the clear
sky in the daytime) "he had eyes of bright blue"
 S: (n) blue (blue clothing) "she was wearing blue"
 S: (n) blue (any organization or party whose uniforms or badges are blue) "the
Union army was a vast blue"
 S: (n) blue sky, blue, blue air, wild blue yonder (the sky as viewed during
daylight)"he shot an arrow into the blue"
 S: (n) bluing, blueing, blue (used to whiten laundry or hair or give it a bluish
tinge)
 S: (n) amobarbital sodium, blue, blue angel, blue devil, Amytal (the sodium salt
of amobarbital that is used as a barbiturate; used as a sedative and a hypnotic)
 S: (n) blue (any of numerous small butterflies of the family Lycaenidae)
Adjective

 S: (adj) blue, bluish, blueish (of the color intermediate between green and
violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky) "October's bright
blue weather"- Helen Hunt Jackson; "a blue flame"; "blue haze of tobacco smoke"
 S: (adj) blue (used to signify the Union forces in the American Civil War (who
wore blue uniforms)) "a ragged blue line"
 S: (adj) gloomy, grim, blue, depressed, dispirited, down, downcast, downhearte
d,down in the mouth, low, low-spirited (filled with melancholy and
despondency)"gloomy at the thought of what he had to face"; "gloomy predictions"; "a
gloomy silence"; "took a grim view of the economy"; "the darkening mood"; "lonely and blue
in a strange city"; "depressed by the loss of his job"; "a dispirited and resigned expression on
her face"; "downcast after his defeat"; "feeling discouraged and downhearted"
 S: (adj) blasphemous, blue, profane (characterized by profanity or cursing) "foul-
mouthed and blasphemous"; "blue language"; "profane words"
 S: (adj) blue, gamy, gamey, juicy, naughty, racy, risque, spicy (suggestive of
sexual impropriety) "a blue movie"; "blue jokes"; "he skips asterisks and gives you the
gamy details"; "a juicy scandal"; "a naughty wink"; "naughty words"; "racy anecdotes"; "a
risque story"; "spicy gossip"
 S: (adj) aristocratic, aristocratical, blue, blue-
blooded, gentle, patrician (belonging to or characteristic of the nobility or
aristocracy) "an aristocratic family"; "aristocratic Bostonians"; "aristocratic government";
"a blue family"; "blue blood"; "the blue-blooded aristocracy"; "of gentle blood"; "patrician
landholders of the American South"; "aristocratic bearing"; "aristocratic features"; "patrician
tastes"
 S: (adj) blue, puritanic, puritanical (morally rigorous and strict) "puritanic distaste
for alcohol"; "she was anything but puritanical in her behavior"; "blue laws"
 S: (adj) blue, dark, dingy, disconsolate, dismal, gloomy, grim, sorry, drab, drear,
dreary (causing dejection) "a blue day"; "the dark days of the war"; "a week of rainy
depressing weather"; "a disconsolate winter landscape"; "the first dismal dispiriting days of
November"; "a dark gloomy day"; "grim rainy weather"

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

Blue adj
1 having the colour of the sky or the sea on a fine day [↪ navy, navy blue]:
the blue waters of the lake
dark/light/pale/bright blue
a dark blue raincoat
2 [not before noun] informal sad and without hope [= depressed]:
I've been feeling kind of blue.
3 informal blue jokes, stories etc are about sex, in a way that might offend some
people ➔BLUE MOVIE
4 argue/talk etc till you're blue in the face
informal to argue, talk etc about something a lot, but without achieving what you
want:
You can tell them till you're blue in the face, but they'll still do what they want.
5 blue with cold
especially British English someone who is blue with cold looks extremely cold
6 go blue
British English if someone goes blue, their skin becomes blue because they are cold
or cannot breathe properly
7 talk a blue streak
American English informal to talk very quickly without stopping

Blue noun
1 [uncountable and countable] the colour of the sky or the sea on a fine day:
She nearly always dresses in blue.
the rich greens and blues of the tapestry
2 blues [uncountable] also the blues a slow sad style of music that came from the
southern US:
a blues singer
3 the blues [plural] informal feelings of sadness:
A lot of women get the blues after the baby is born.
4 out of the blue
informal if something happens out of the blue, it is very unexpected
5 [countable] Blue
British English someone who has represented Oxford or Cambridge University at a
sport, or the title given to such a person
6 the blue
literary the sea or the sky
 BROWN

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Brown adjective /braʊn/

COLOUR A1 being the same colour as chocolate or soil: a brown leather bag
dark brown hair/eyes
SKIN› having darker skin because you have been in the sun: You're really brown - you
must have had good weather.
brown noun [C, U] A2 the colour brown

Collins English Dictionary-Complete and Unabridged

brown (braʊn)

n
1. (Colours) any of various colours, such as those of wood or earth, produced by low
intensity light in the wave length range 620-585 nanometres
2. (Dyeing) a dye or pigment producing these colours
3. (Textiles) brown cloth or clothing: dressed in brown.
4. (Animals) any of numerous mostly reddish-
brown butterflies of the genera Maniola, Lasiommata, etc, such as M.jurtina (meadow
brown): family Satyridae

adj
5. (Colours) of the colour brown
6. (Cookery) (of bread) made from a flour that has not been bleached or bolted, such
as wheatmeal or wholemeal flour
7. deeply tanned or sunburnt

[Old English brūn; related to Old Norse brūnn, Old High German brūn, Greek phrunos t
oad, Sanskrit babhru reddish-brown]
ˈbrownish ˈbrowny adj ˈbrownness n
 Collins Thesaurus of the English Language

Brown adjective

1. brunette, dark, bay, coffee, chocolate, brick, toasted, ginger, rust, chestnut, h
azel, dun, auburn, tawny,umber, donkey brown, fuscous her deep brown eyes
2. tanned, browned, bronze, bronzed, tan, dusky, sunburnt rows of bodies slowly
going brown in the sun
3. wholemeal, wholegrain, untreated, unrefined, coarse-
grained, unpurified brown bread

Vandyke brown - a moderate brown color

chestnut - the brown color of chestnuts
deep brown, umber, burnt umber, chocolate, coffee - a medium brown to
dark-brown color
hazel -
a shade of brown that is yellowish or reddish; it is a greenish shade of brown when
used to describe thecolor of someone's eyes
light brown - a brown that is light but unsaturated
mocha - a dark brown color
burnt sienna, reddish brown, sepia, Venetian red, mahogany -
a shade of brown with a tinge of red
caramel brown, raw sienna, yellowish brown, caramel, buff -
a medium to dark tan color
puce - a color varying from dark purplish brown to dark red
olive brown - a shade of brown tinged with green
taupe - a greyish brown

WordNet

Noun

 S: (n) brown, brownness (an orange of low brightness and saturation)

  S: (n) Brown, Robert Brown (Scottish botanist who first observed the
movement of small particles in fluids now known a Brownian motion (1773-
1858))
 S: (n) Brown, John Brown (abolitionist who was hanged after leading an
unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1859))
 S: (n) Brown University, Brown (a university in Rhode Island)

Adjective

 S: (adj) brown, brownish, chocolate-brown, dark-brown (of a color similar to

that of wood or earth)
 S: (adj) brown, browned ((of skin) deeply suntanned)

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

Brown adjective

1 having the colour of earth, wood, or coffee:

dark brown hair
2 having skin that has been turned brown by the sun:
He'd been on vacation and looked very brown.
He was as brown as a berry after two weeks in the sun.

brown noun [uncountable and countable]

the colour of earth, wood, or coffee:

This particular model is available in brown, white, or grey.
the browns and greens of the landscape
 PURPLE

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

purple adjective (COLOUR)

A2 of a dark reddish-blue colour:

purple plums
a dark purple bruise
purple in the face/purple with rage› dark red in the face because of anger
purple adjective (STYLE)
› UK used to describe a piece of writing that is complicated or sounds false because
the writer has tried too hard to make the style interesting:

Despite occasional patches of purple prose, the book is mostly clearand incisive.

Purple noun [C or U] UK /ˈpɜː.pl̩/ US /ˈpɝː-/

A2 a dark reddish-blue colour:

Purple is my favourite colour.
The evening sky was full of purples and reds.

Collins Thesaurus of the English Language

Purple (ˈpɜːpəl)

n
1. (Colours) any of various colours with a hue lying between red and blue and often
highly saturated; a non-spectral colour
2. (Dyeing) a dye or pigment producing such a colour
3. (Textiles) cloth of this colour, often used to symbolize royalty or nobility
4. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) the purple high rank; nobility
5. (Roman Catholic Church)
a. the official robe of a cardinal
b. the rank, office, or authority of a cardinal as signified by this
6. (Ecclesiastical Terms) the purple bishops collectively

adj
7. (Colours) of the colour purple
8. (Literary & Literary Critical Terms) (of writing) excessively elaborate or full of
imagery: purple prose.
9. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) noble or royal
[Old English, from Latin purpura purple dye, from Greek porphura the purple fish (Mure
x)]
ˈpurpleness n ˈpurplish adj ˈpurply adj

lavender - a pale purple color

mauve - a moderate purple
reddish purple, royal purple - a shade of purple tinged with red
reddish blue, violet - a variable color that lies beyond blue in the spectrum

WordNet

Noun

 S: (n) purple, purpleness (a purple color or pigment)

 S: (n) purple, the purple ((in ancient Rome) position of imperial status) "he was
born to the purple"
 S: (n) purple, the purple ((Roman Catholic Church) official dress of a cardinal;
so named after the Tyrial purple color of the robes)

Adjective

 S: (adj) purple, violet, purplish (of a color intermediate between red and blue)
 S: (adj) empurpled, over-embellished, purple (excessively elaborate or showily
expressed) "a writer of empurpled literature"; "many purple passages"; "an over-embellished
story of the fish that got away"
 S: (adj) imperial, majestic, purple, regal, royal (belonging to or befitting a
supreme ruler) "golden age of imperial splendor"; "purple tyrant"; "regal attire"; "treated
with royal acclaim"; "the royal carriage of a stag's head"
 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

pur‧ple [uncountable] a dark colour that is a mixture of red and blue

purple adjective

1 having a dark colour that is a mixture of red and blue

2 purple with rage/purple in the face etc with a face that is dark red, caused by
anger:
His face turned purple with rage.
3 purple patch a time when you are very successful - used especially in news reports:
Steve's purple patch continued with a second victory on Tuesday.
4 purple prose/passage writing that uses difficult or unusual words - used in order
to show disapproval

PINK

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Pink adjective /pɪŋk/ (PALE RED)

A2 of a pale red colour:
pretty pink flowers
Have you been in the sun? Your nose is a bit pink.

pink adjective (SOCIALIST) OLDFASHIONED DISAPPROVING (slightly) supporting

socialist ideas and principles

pink adjective (GAY) connected with gay people:

the growth in the pink economy
pinkness noun [U] /ˈpɪŋk.nə s/

pink noun /pɪŋk/

A2 [C or U] a pale red colour:

She's very fond of pink.

pink noun (PLANT) [C] a small garden plant with sweet-smelling pink, white, or red
flowers and narrow, grey-green leaves, or one of its flowers

Collins English Dictionary-Complete and Unabridged

pink (pɪŋk)

n
1. (Colours) any of a group of colours with a reddish hue that are of low to moderate
saturation and can usually reflect ortransmit a large amount of light; a pale reddish tint
2. (Textiles) pink cloth or clothing: dressed in pink.
3. (Plants) any of various Old World plants of the caryophyllaceous genus Dianthus,
such as D. plumarius (gardenpink), cultivated for their fragrant flowers. See also
carnation1
4. (Plants) any of various plants of other genera, such as the moss pink
5. (Plants) the flower of any of these plants
6. the highest or best degree, condition, etc (esp in the phrases in the pink of health,
in the pink)
7. (Clothing & Fashion)
a. a huntsman's scarlet coat
b. a huntsman who wears a scarlet coat

adj
8. (Colours) of the colour pink
9. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) Brit left-wing
10. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy)
a. sympathetic to or influenced by Communism
b. leftist or radical, esp half-heartedly
11. of or relating to homosexuals or homosexuality: the pink vote.
12. (Hunting) (of a huntsman's coat) scarlet or red

[C16 (the flower), C18 (the colour): perhaps a shortening of pinkeye]

ˈpinkish adj ˈpinkness n ˈpinky adj

carnation - a pink or reddish-pink color

rose, rosiness - a dusty pink color
purplish pink, solferino -
a pink dye that was discovered in 1859, the year a battle was fought at Solferino
salmon pink, yellowish pink, apricot, peach - a shade of pink tinged with yellow
coral - a variable color averaging a deep pink

WordNet

Noun

 S: (n) pink (a light shade of red)

 S: (n) pink, garden pink (any of various flowers of plants of the genus Dianthus
cultivated for their fragrant flowers)
 S: (n) pinko, pink (a person with mildly leftist political views)

Adjective

 S: (adj) pink, pinkish (of a light shade of red)

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

Pink noun
1 pale red:
bright pink lipstick
Hannah's face went pink.
➔SHOCKING PINK
2 [only before noun] British English relating to people who are HOMOSEXUAL

Pink noun
1 [uncountable and countable] a pale red colour:

Her room was decorated in bright pinks and purples.

She had arrived dressed in pink.
2 [countable] a garden plant with pink, white, or red flowers
3 in the pink old-fashioned in very good health

ORANGE

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Orange adjective UK /ˈɒ r.ɪndʒ/ US /ˈɔːr-/

a colour between red and yellow:

The setting sun filled the sky with a deep orange glow.
Witnesses reported seeing a huge orange fireball as the oil refinery exploded.
The black lettering really stands out on that orange background.
The route was marked with a line of orange traffic cones.

Orange noun [C or U] a colour between red and yellow:

Orange is her favourite colour.
The door was painted orange.

Collins English Dictionary-Complete and Unabridged

Orange (ˈɒrɪndʒ)

n
1. (Plants) any of several citrus trees, esp Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) and the Seville
orange, cultivated in warmregions for their round edible fruit. See also tangerine1
2. (Plants)
a. the fruit of any of these trees, having a yellowish-
red bitter rind and segmented juicy flesh. See also navel orange
b. (as modifier): orange peel.
3. (Forestry) the hard wood of any of these trees
4. (Colours) any of a group of colours, such as that of the skin of an orange, that lie
between red and yellow in the visiblespectrum in the approximate wavelength range
620-585 nanometres
5. (Dyeing) a dye or pigment producing these colours
6. (Textiles) orange cloth or clothing: dressed in orange.
7. (Plants) any of several trees or herbaceous plants that resemble the orange, such as
mock orange
adj
8. of the colour orange
[C14: via Old French from Old Provençal auranja, from Arabic nāranj, from Persian nār
ang, from Sanskrit nāranga, probably of Dravidian origin]

Noun

 S: (n) orange (round yellow to orange fruit of any of several citrus trees)
 S: (n) orange, orangeness (orange color or pigment; any of a range of colors
between red and yellow)
 S: (n) orange, orange tree (any citrus tree bearing oranges)
 S: (n) orange (any pigment producing the orange color)
 S: (n) Orange, Orange River (a river in South Africa that flows generally
westward to the Atlantic Ocean)

Adjective

 S: (adj) orange, orangish (of the color between red and yellow; similar to the
color of a ripe orange)

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

or‧ange
1 [countable] a round fruit that has a thick orange skin and is divided into parts
inside:
orange juice
orange peel
Peel the oranges and divide them into segments.
 orange groves (=where orange trees grow)
2 [uncountable] a colour that is between red and yellow:
a bright shade of orange
—orange adjective:
an orange shirt

GREY

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Grey adjective UK ( US gray) /ɡreɪ/

A1 of the colour that is a mixture of black and white, the colour of rain clouds:
a grey sky

C2 having hair that has become grey or white, usually because of age:

He started to go/turn grey in his mid-forties.

B2 used to describe the weather when there are a lot of clouds and little light:

Night turned into morning, grey and cold.

grey adjective (BORING)

C1 boring and sad:
He saw a grey future stretch ahead of him.

Greyness noun [U] (US USUALLY grayness) /ˈɡ reɪ.nə s/

Grey noun [C or U] (US USUALLY gray) UK US /ɡ reɪ/

A2 the colour that is a mixture of black and white, the colour of rain clouds:
She was dressed in grey.
Paul wore pale grey trousers with a black jacket.
She walked through the city centre with its drab, grey buildings and felt depressed.
Her face was gaunt and grey.
It was a grey and sunless day and our spirits were low.
She was dressed very soberly in a plain grey suit.
 Collins English Dictionary-Complete and Unabridged

grey (ɡreɪ) or gray

adj
1. (Colours) of a neutral tone, intermediate between black and white, that has no hue
and reflects and transmits only alittle light
2. (Animals) greyish in colour or having parts or marks that are greyish
3. dismal or dark, esp from lack of light; gloomy
4. neutral or dull, esp in character or opinion
5. having grey hair
6. of or relating to people of middle age or above: grey power.
7. ancient; venerable
8. (Textiles) (of textiles) natural, unbleached, undyed, and untreated

n
9. (Colours) any of a group of grey tones
10. (Textiles) grey cloth or clothing: dressed in grey.
11. (Zoology) an animal, esp a horse, that is grey or whitish

[Old English grǣg; related to Old High German grāo, Old Norse grar]
ˈgreyish ˈgrayish adj ˈgreyly ˈgrayly adv ˈgreyness ˈgrayness n
ash gray, ash grey, silver gray, silver grey, silver - a light shade of grey
charcoal gray, charcoal grey, oxford gray, oxford grey, charcoal -
a very dark grey color
dappled-gray, dappled-grey, dapple-gray, dapple-grey -
grey with a mottled pattern of darker grey markings
iron-gray, iron-grey - the color of freshly broken cast iron
tattletale gray, tattletale grey - a greyish white
Davy's gray, Davy's grey, iron blue, steel gray, steel grey -
slightly purplish or bluish dark grey

WordNet
Noun

 S: (n) Grey, Zane Grey (United States writer of western adventure novels
(1875-1939))
 S: (n) Grey, Lady Jane Grey (Queen of England for nine days in 1553; she was
quickly replaced by Mary Tudor and beheaded for treason (1537-1554))
 S: (n) Grey, Charles Grey, Second Earl Grey (Englishman who as Prime
Minister implemented social reforms including the abolition of slavery
throughout the British Empire (1764-1845))
 S: (n) grey, gray (any organization or party whose uniforms or badges are
grey) "the Confederate army was a vast grey"
 S: (n) gray, grayness, grey, greyness (a neutral achromatic color midway
between white and black)
 S: (n) grey, gray (clothing that is a grey color) "he was dressed in grey"
 S: (n) grey, gray (horse of a light gray or whitish color)

Adjective

 S: (adj) grey, gray, greyish, grayish (of an achromatic color of any lightness
intermediate between the extremes of white and black) "the little grey cells"; "gray
flannel suit"; "a man with greyish hair"
 S: (adj) grey, gray, grey-haired, gray-haired, grey-headed, gray-
headed, grizzly,hoar, hoary, white-haired (showing characteristics of age,
especially having grey or white hair) "whose beard with age is hoar"-Coleridge; "nodded
his hoary head"
 S: (adj) grey, gray (used to signify the Confederate forces in the American Civil
War (who wore grey uniforms)) "a stalwart grey figure"
 S: (adj) grey, gray (intermediate in character or position) "a grey area between clearly
legal and strictly illegal"

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

grey adj British English; gray American English

1 COLOUR having the colour of dark clouds, neither black nor white:
an old lady with grey hair
a grey sky
dark/light grey
 dark grey trousers

2 HAIR
having grey hair
go/turn grey
She was a tall thin woman who had gone grey early.
3 FACE
looking pale because you are tired, frightened, or ill
grey with
As he listened, his face went grey with shock.
4 BORING
boring and unattractive [≠ colourful]:
the grey anonymous men in government offices
visions of a grey and empty world
5 WEATHER
if the weather is grey, the sky is full of clouds and the sun is not bright [≠ bright]:
a grey day
6 OF OLD PEOPLE
[only before noun] British English connected with old people:
the grey vote
7 grey area
used to talk about a situation in which something is not clearly a particular thing, so
that people are not sure how to deal with it:
people in the grey area between loyalty and opposition to the government
—greyness noun [uncountable]

grey British English ; gray American English

[uncountable and countable] the colour of dark clouds, neither black nor white:
Do you have these skirts in grey?
dull greys and browns

The origins of the English names of colours

 Black
Black derives from words invariably meaning the color black, as well as dark, ink and
“to burn.”
Originally meaning, burning, blazing, glowing and shining, in PIE it was *bhleg. This
was changed to *blakkaz in Proto-Germanic, to blaken in Dutch and blaec, in Old
English. This last word, blaec, also meant ink, as did blak (Old Saxon)
and black (Swedish).
The color was called blach in Old High German and written blaec in Old English. One
final meaning, dark (also blaec in Old English) derived from the Old Norse blakkr.
White
White began its life in PIE (Proto-Indo-European) as *kwintos and meant simply
white or bright. This had changed to *khwitzin Proto-Germanic, and later languages
transformed it into hvitr (Old Norse), hwit (Old Saxon) and wit (Dutch). By the time
Old English developed, the word was kwit.
Red
In PIE, red was *reudh and meant red and ruddy. In Proto-Germanic, red was *rauthaz,
and in its derivative languages raudr (Old Norse), rod (Old Saxon) and rØd (Danish). In
Old English, it was written read.
Green
Meaning grow in PIE, it was *ghre. Subsequent languages wrote it grene (Old
Frisian), graenn (Old Norse) and grown (Dutch). In Old English, it was grene and meant
the color green as well as young and immature.
Yellow
Thousands of years ago, yellow was considered to be closely related to green, and in
PIE it was *gheland meant both yellow and green. In Proto-Germanic, the word was
*gelwaz. Subsequent incarnations of German had the word as gulr (Old
Norse), gel (Middle High German) and gelo (Old High German). As late as Old English,
yellow was written geolu and geolwe
Blue
Blue was also often confused with yellow back in the day. The PIE word was *bhle-
was and meant “light-colored, blue, blond yellow” and had its root as bhel which meant
to shine. In Proto-Germanic, the word was *blaewaz, and in Old English, it was blaw.
English also gets some of its words from French, and blue is one of them. In Old
French (one of the vulgar Latin dialects whose height was between the 9th and
13th centuries AD) blue was written bleuand blew and meant a variety of things
including the color blue.
Brown
Derived from the Old Germanic for either or both a dark color and a shining
darkness (brunoz andbruna), brown is a recent addition to our language. In Old English
it was brun or brune, and its earliest known writing was in about 1000 AD.
Purple
This word also skipped the PIE and seems to have sprung up in the 9th century AD, in
Old English aspurpul. Burrowed from the Latin word purpura, purple originally meant
alternately, “purple color, purple-dyed cloak, purple dye . . . a shellfish from which
purple was made . . . [and] splendid attire generally.”
Orange
This color’s name derives from the Sanskrit word for the fruit naranga. (Yes, the color
orange was named after the fruit, not the other way around). This transformed into
the Arabic and Persian naranj, and by the time of Old French to pomme d’orenge. It was
originally recorded in English as the name of the color in 1512. Before then, the
English speaking world referred to the orange color as geoluhread, which literally
translates to “yellow-red.”
Pink
One of the most recent colors to gain a name, pink was first recorded as describing
the “pale rose color” in 1733. In the 16th century, pink was the common named to
describe a plant whose petals had a variety of colors (Dianthus), and it originally may
have come from a Dutch word of the same spelling that meant small.

(Retrieved from: http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2014/01/origin-

english-names-colors/)

English Colour Terms and their Age

Amber 1500 Maroon 1791

Aqua(marine) 1862 Mauve 1860
Azure 1481 Mustard 1848
Beige 1879 Navy (blue) 1840
Black 700 Olive 1662
Blue 1300 Orange 1600
Brown 1300 Peach 1848
Carmine 1799 Pink 1720
Charcoal (grey/gray) 1952 Plum 1878
Chartreuse 1884 Puce 1787
Cream 1872 Purple 975
Crimson 1400 Red 700
Emerald 1598 Rose 1530
Fawn 1881 Rust 1716
Fuchsia 1923 Scarlet 1386
*Gold 1400 *Silver 1481
*Golden 1300 Tan 1749
Green 700 Tangerine 1899
Grey/Gray 700 Teal 1923
Indigo 1622 Turquoise 1853
Lavender 1882 Ultramarine 1598
Lemon 1796 Vermilion 1400
Lilac 1791 White 950
Lime 1923 Violet 1370
Magenta 1860 Yellow 700

(Steinvall, 2002)

Definitions of Colour Terms

The following list illustrates the definition of the colour terms under investigation as
they are defined in six contemporary dictionaries. The dictionary are: The Oxford
English Dictionary (OED), Cambridge International Dictionary of English (CIDE),
Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary (CCELD), Webster’s New Encyclopedic
Dictionary (Web), Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (Long), and Oxford
Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (OALD). The text is quoted from the dictionaries.
(Steinvall, 2002)
 Sources

Cambridge Dictionaries Online: Cambridge Dictionary of British English. Cambridge University Press.
Available at http://dictionary.cambridge.org/

Collins Dictionaries: Collins British English Language Dictionary. Available at http://www.collinsdictionary.

com/

Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unbridged. (2003). HarperCollins Publishers. Available at
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/

Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Online. Available at http://www.ldoce online.com/

Steinvall, Anders. English Colour Terms in Context. Umeå:
Umeå universitet, 2002. Web. 30 April 2015.

Available at: [http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:144764/FULLTEXT01.pdf]

WordNet. A Lexical Database for English (v. 3.1). Princeton University.

Available at http://wordnet.princeton.edu