Analysis of Unit 2, Computer Science:

Internet as a Daily Need

Novanda Yusufa
Department of English, The State University of Malang

Abstract
This paper reflects how the use of present progressive tense through “Internet
as a Daily Need” as a topic subject to get the concrete example. Also, this
paper discusses about internet as a the most media to communicate between
each other nowadays. Not only for communicate between each other, but also
to looking for information about something, such as person, place, food and so
on. There are many kinds of internet’s product that has different function and
purpose why its created. One of the most of it is social media. From its name,
we know that this is a kind of media that needs the internet connection to
make people can communicate or socialize between each other even they far
away or in other words they don’t have to be in face to face situation.
Furthermore, the paper argues that the role of internet usage in daily and also
what is present progressive tense. At last, between the usage of internet in
daily life, we can see that as a perfect example for implementing the usage of
present progressive tense.

In this unit, internet usage in a daily life is used as the topic. Then, this unit also discusses the
use of progressive present. Between the two aspects of the topic and the grammar to be
discussed in this book, has given rise to tangible forms in its tense and concrete use of tense
even though presented in a simple form. This is to make students have an interest in learning
by packing them in topics that are very close to their daily lives, allowing students to more
quickly understand the lessons.
On the other hand, the internet is a cutting-edge breakthrough in technological development
in today's human civilization. Its presence has changed many aspects of human life on a daily
basis. Nowadays, most people who have just slept will bring your gadgets just for fun to
check if there is an incoming or memorable message for them. Surely it exists because the
current internet access that provides technology that is able to provide facilities and
infrastructure for the convenience of human life. Until now, the internet has become a
mandatory requirement for the world of people in the world. Even data from Kompas shows
that the number of internet users is increasing every year by leaps and bounds. It also
includes total data usage and the duration of internet access by each user. Because basically
the internet is built to realize a communication that can reach and support people wherever
and whenever.
 Literature Review

Definition of Internet

Internet, from Merriam-Webster, is an electronic communications network that connects

computer networks and organizational computer facilities around the world. The Internet is
the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite
(TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of private,
public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a
broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries
a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext
documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail, telephone, and
file sharing.

The origins of the Internet date back to research commissioned by the federal government of
the United States in the 1960s to build robust, fault-tolerant communication with computer
networks. The primary precursor network, the ARPANET, initially served as a backbone for
interconnection of regional academic and military networks in the 1980s. The funding of the
National Science Foundation Network as a new backbone in the 1980s, as well as private
funding for other commercial extensions, led to worldwide participation in the development
of new networking technologies, and the merger of many networks. The linking of
commercial networks and enterprises by the early 1990s marks the beginning of the transition
to the modern Internet, and generated a sustained exponential growth as generations of
institutional, personal, and mobile computers were connected to the network. Although the
Internet was widely used by academia since the 1980s, the commercialization incorporated its
services and technologies into virtually every aspect of modern life.

Methodology

Regarding to the background of the study, it can be concluded that there are four problems to
be solved. The problems of the study are:
1. Does the coursebook meet the criteria of a good English coursebook in terms of aim and
approaches?
2. Does the coursebook meet the criteria of a good English coursebook in terms of design
and organization?
3. Does the coursebook meet the criteria of a good English coursebook in terms of language
content?
4. Does the coursebook meet the criteria of a good English coursebook in terms of skills?

Data Collection
The data collection is conducted by observing the coursebook content which containing some
aspects. Then, we compare the other coursebook that have been declared to meet the criteria
to serve as an example as an ideal coursebook for students
 Results and Discussion

This coursebook title is “English for Academic and English for Occupational Purposes and
Language Teaching in Indonesia”, which published by Universitas Negeri Malang, and the
editor is Emalia Iragiliati. This book has 135 pages which printed on HVS paper. Patrick
Bateman is a 27-year-old Executive Banker living in New York City during the glory that is
the 1980’s. He is the picture perfect definition of a Young Urban Professional Person (a
Yuppie). He is calm, collective, stylish, incredibly organized, and attractive. His apartment
is white, pristine, and very neatly organized He appears to have the perfect life, but looks can
be deceiving. Underneath his external beauty, and professional appearance Patrick has many
dark and unsettling tendencies. He is cheating on his fiancée with her best friend; he picks up
prostitutes, and even fantasizes about killing his co-workers. He is a person of habit. He
believes in neatness, organization, which he uses to mask his delirium and rage from
others. He possesses traits of a person who is Obsessive-Compulsive, anal retentive,
controlling, paranoid, and extremely competitive. Throughout the film, Bateman makes
references to being a part of “the Rat Race”, and he does not like to be outshined by anyone:
not a co-worker, not a family member, not even a stranger on the street. Patrick Bateman
strives to be the best and won’t tolerate anything less than the absolute best. Even something
as simple has having a nicer business card than him will send him into a sequestered rage.
There are some quotes from Bateman’s speech/conversation which shows his deep feeling
according his psychological condition. Most of them are spontaneous spoken by him, and
naturally flow like a common thing to talking about. Actually, from this point we can see that
if Bateman seems have a kind of mental disorder.

“I believe in taking care of myself, in a balanced diet, in a rigorous exercise routine. In the
morning, if my face is a little puffy, I'll put on an ice pack while doing my stomach crunches.
I can do a thousand
now.”
“After I remove the icepack, I use a deep pore-cleanser lotion. In the shower, I use a water-
activated gel cleanser, then a honey-almond body scrub, and on the face an exfoliating gel
scrub.”

Bateman’s apparent disgust and obsession with bodies (his own, and in particular, the female
body) betrays a paradoxical effort to reject the baseness of the “raw,” naked body, and to
consume, as well as dissect, this body. This paradoxical effort holds a tension between
Bateman’s self-denial of food and obsessive, punishing discipline over his own body, and his
monstrous desire for bloodshed and consumption (which includes cannibalism). On a cultural
level, this tension reveals a split, or pull, between mind and body. This pull characterizes an
anorexic logic, which Susan Bordo describes as an “ethic and aesthetic of self-mastery and
self-transcendence, expertise, and power over others through the example of superior will and
control”. This anorexic logic not only rules those who are obsessed with the intake and/or
withholding of food, but also the dominating values of contemporary (and primarily white
and heterosexual) American culture, particularly in the 1980s. Therefore, it is important to
further consider and reveal links between the prevalence of eating disorders, the emergence
of the “hard body” aesthetic (to which Bateman aspires) that dominated many films of the
1980s, and the ways that masculinity (and femininity) is represented in the film

"If you don't shut your mouth, I will fucking kill you."
From the conversation above, we can see that how his psychological condition by using rude
and uncommon word in order to intimidating an old woman in laundry just because he
doesn’t understand what she is talking about.

"I'm into murders and executions mostly."

The same goes at the club when Patrick tells one of the girls to ask him a question and she
asks Patrick what he does without even the slightest hint of interest. She interprets Patrick
saying 'murders and executions' as him saying 'mergers and acquisitions'. Again with his
girlfriend, she's so preoccupied with getting what she wants (a marriage of convenience) that
she almost completely ignores what Patrick says. It's always the same throughout the movie
(and more so in the book), people hear Patrick Bateman, but nobody is ever actually listening
to him.

"You're a fucking ugly bitch. I want to stab you to death, and play around with your blood."

Waitress near the start of the movie probably didn't even hear Patrick threatening to kill her,
it was loud in the club and she was busy. Only it's never made clear if she recoiled at the
word 'kill' or 'fuck', but there was some sort of visible reaction on her part. I think this
indicates that Patrick did actually say what we heard him say, plus he's carrying around a
blood soaked bed sheet to boot.

"I like to dissect girls. Did you know I'm utterly insane?"
When Patrick is dining with Paul Allen and he made those remarks, I think Paul was drunk,
uninterested and simply didn't care.
However, the important aspect to remember is not so much whether or not Patrick Bateman
commits these acts, it is the madness itself; it is the superficiality, the hatred and the rage that
is important to recognise, because it is the only thing that is real. Bateman frequently
confesses his deeds to his friends and fiancée, but they are often not listening or laugh it off.
This also supports the point of view that the line between reality and hallucination for
Bateman is extremely blurred or even non-existent.

Then,

“Harold, it's Bateman. Patrick Bateman. You're my lawyer so I think you should know-I've
killed a lot of people. Some escort girls, in an apartment uptown, some homeless people,
maybe five or ten, an NYU girl I met in Central Park. I left her in a parking lot, near Dunkin'
Donuts. I killed Bethany, my old girlfriend, with a nail gun. And a man, some old faggot with
a dog. Last week I killed another girl with a chainsaw-I had to, she almost got away There
was someone else there, maybe a model, I can't remember but she's dead too. And Paul
Owen. I killed Paul Owen with an axe, in the face. His body is dissolving in a bathtub in
Hell's Kitchen. I don't want to leave anything out here...I guess I've killed 20 people, maybe
40-I have tapes of a lot of it. Some of the girls have seen the tapes, I even...well, I ate some of
their brains and I tried to cook a little.
Tonight I just, well, I had to kill a lot of people and I'm not sure I 'm going to get away with it
this time-I mean I guess
I'm a pretty sick guy. So-if you get hack tomorrow, I may show up at Harry's Bar, so, you
know, keep your eyes open.”
Above is a conversation between Bateman and Harold as his lawyer. He confessed about
everything he did to many people. That shows how Bateman’s feeling and psychological
condition is. He was very depressed, sad, desperate but also guilty and feel cannot to continue
his life because of everything he had done.

CARNES
(Sighing)
Davis. I'm not one to bad-mouth anyone, your joke was amusing. But come on, man, you had
one fatal flaw: Bateman's such a dork, such a boring, spineless lightweight, that I couldn't
fully appreciate it. I wasn't fooled for a second. Now, if you'd said Price, or
McDermott...Otherwise, it was amusing. Now, let's have lunch or dinner or something.
Hilarious, Davis. A killer.

BATEMAN
What are you talking about? Bateman is what?

CARNES
Now, if you'll excuse me, I really must...

BATEMAN
(Desperate, shouting)
Wait. Stop. You don't seem to understand. You're not really comprehending any of this. I
killed him. I did it, Carnes. I'm Patrick Bateman. I chopped Owen's fucking head off.
I tortured dozens of girls. The whole message I left on your machine was true.

CARNES
Excuse me. I really must he going.

BATEMAN
No! Listen, don't you know who I am? I'm not Davis, I'm
Patrick Bateman! I talk to you on the phone all the time!
Don't you recognize me? You're my lawyer.

Those are a conversation between Bateman and Harold Carnes as his lawyer.
When Patrick Bateman speaks to his lawyer the next morning, convinced he's going to jail, he
can't understand why the lawyer refuses to take his confession seriously, he's flabbergasted.
This is where the recurring theme of mistaken identity takes center stage, again.

Dear God by Avenged Sevenfold

A lonely road, crossed another cold state line

Miles away from those I love, purpose hard to find
While I recall all the words you spoke to me
Can't help but wish that I was there
Back where I'd love to be, oh yeah

Dear God, the only thing I ask of you

Is to hold her when I'm not around
When I'm much too far away
We all need that person who can be true to you
But I left her when I found her
And now I wish I'd stayed
'Cause I'm lonely and I'm tired
I'm missing you again, oh no...
Once again

There's nothing here for me, on this barren road

There's no one here while the city sleeps
And all the shops are closed
Can't help but think of the times I've had with you
Pictures and some memories will have to help me through, oh yeah

Dear God, the only thing I ask of you

Is to hold her when I'm not around
When I'm much too far away
We all need that person who can be true to you
I left her when I found her
And now I wish I'd stayed
'Cause I'm lonely and I'm tired
I'm missing you again, oh no...
Once again

Some search, never finding a way

Before long, they waste away
I found you, something told me to stay
I gave in, to selfish ways
And how I miss someone to hold
When hope begins to fade...

A lonely road, crossed another cold state line

Miles away from those I love, purpose hard to find

Dear God, the only thing I ask of you

Is to hold her when I'm not around
When I'm much too far away
We all need the person who can be true to you
I left her when I found her
And now I wish I'd stayed
'Cause I'm lonely and I'm tired
I'm missing you again, oh no...
Once again

Stairway to Heaven by Led Zeppelin

There's a lady who's sure all that glitters is gold

And she's buying a stairway to heaven.
When she gets there she knows, if the stores are all closed
With a word she can get what she came for.
Ooh, ooh, and she's buying a stairway to heaven.
There's a sign on the wall but she wants to be sure
'Cause you know sometimes words have two meanings.
In a tree by the brook, there's a songbird who sings,
Sometimes all of our thoughts are misgiven.

Ooh, it makes me wonder,

Ooh, it makes me wonder.

There's a feeling I get when I look to the west,

And my spirit is crying for leaving.
In my thoughts I have seen rings of smoke through the trees,
And the voices of those who stand looking.

Ooh, it makes me wonder,

Ooh, it really makes me wonder.

And it's whispered that soon, if we all call the tune,

Then the piper will lead us to reason.
And a new day will dawn for those who stand long,
And the forests will echo with laughter.

If there's a bustle in your hedgerow, don't be alarmed now,

It's just a spring clean for the May queen.
Yes, there are two paths you can go by, but in the long run
There's still time to change the road you're on.
And it makes me wonder.

Your head is humming and it won't go, in case you don't know,
The piper's calling you to join him,
Dear lady, can you hear the wind blow, and did you know
Your stairway lies on the whispering wind?

And as we wind on down the road

Our shadows taller than our soul.
There walks a lady we all know
Who shines white light and wants to show
How everything still turns to gold.
And if you listen very hard
The tune will come to you at last.
When all are one and one is all
To be a rock and not to roll.

And she's buying a stairway to heaven.

"The Sniper" is characterized as a rugged soldier who is hardened to the horrors of

war. In this story, he was the member of IRA army. In the beginning of the story, the sniper is
described as an expert at his job. He has "the cold gleam of a fanatic" in his eyes and "is used
to looking at death." His movements are those of a well trained sniper. He eats his sandwich
"hungrily" hinting at an animalistic nature, a person who is running more on instinct. The
sniper does ponder whether to smoke and does so "hurriedly". Again, this is training taking
over. Even though this puts him in danger, the action is done cautiously.

Later when the old woman points him out to soldiers who arrive in an armored car,
the sniper deftly kills the man at the turret and then kills the woman.

When shot in the arm by the other sniper, the main character dresses his wound,
impervious to the pain caused by the injury and then shrewdly devises a plan to cause his
enemy to reveal his whereabouts. When the opportunity strike, the sniper kills him.

It is only then that the sniper reveals a softer side. Realizing he has killed the other
sniper, he is "bitten by remorse." The realization that he is no longer in immediate danger
gives way to a softer side that sets up the ironic ending causing the sniper to wonder who his
enemy was. When he makes his way to the body, that is when he realizes he has killed his
own brother.

The Enemy Sniper

The Enemy Sniper is the Sniper’s main opponent in the story. A member of the Free
State army, he still shares similarities with the Sniper. The two men are engaged in the same
role. The Enemy Sniper, too, is a good shot, enough so that he wins the respect of the Sniper
by the end of the story. His physical presence, on a rooftop across the street, further
reinforces the idea that he is a mirror image for the Sniper.

The Enemy Sniper wants to kill the Sniper. He appears to have the advantage after
shooting and injuring the Sniper. He makes a fatal error, however, when he falls for the
Sniper’s ruse. Once he thinks he has killed the other man, the Enemy Sniper stands up on his
rooftop, thus making himself a clear mark. The Sniper shoots him, and he falls to the street
below, dead. After that, the Sniper—along with the reader—discovers that the two snipers are
brothers.

The Old Woman

The Old Woman points out the Sniper’s location on the rooftop to the Soldier in the
Turret. The Sniper shoots and kills her. “her head covered by a tattered shawl” indicates that
the old woman was a spy from Free State Army side.

A Man in Armored Car

He was actually the member of Free State Army. He was given information about
where the Republican sniper was by the old woman. Then he was killed by the sniper when
his head and shoulder came out from the turret.

1. Classification
This story is classified as dramatic story. In the beginning of the story, the sniper was
illustrated as cold-blooded killer. He has "the cold gleam of a fanatic" in his eyes and "is used
to looking at death." His movements are those of a well trained sniper. He eats his sandwich
"hungrily" hinting at an animalistic nature, a person who is running more on instinct. The
sniper does ponder whether to smoke and does so "hurriedly". Again, this is training taking
over. Even though this puts him in danger, the action is done cautiously. But, in the end of
the story, he felt regret what he has done. He was “bitten by remorse”. The dramatic thing is
when he saw the enemy sniper that he has killed, and he realized that it was his brother.

2. Introduction
The opening of the story is completely make the character of the sniper looks great,
cool, cold-blooded killer and heartless. Slowly, the main character building by the author has
made the reader easier to imagine how his feel in battlefield. Also, the opening make the
reader will be more curious about what will happen next is.

3. Plot
The plot of the short story, "The Sniper" deals with the clash between two opposing
groups in Ireland: the Republicans and the Free States. It is a civil war, set in 1922.
Basically, a sniper is on one roof, picking off people as he chooses. He seems calm at
times, but he is also tired of the killing.
Eventually, another sniper, an enemy, discovers his hiding place when the first sniper
has shot at an old woman who was giving away his hiding place.
The first sniper is able to trick the second sniper into thinking he has been shot. When
the second sniper stands up on the roof of the house across the way, the first sniper takes aim
and kills him.
The first sniper jumps off the roof and his curiosity wins. He goes over to the dead
sniper and when he turns him over, he realizes that he has shot his own brother.

4. Characters
- The Sniper: A man who was IRA sniper. He also the main sniper in story. He
posted on a roof in Dublin.

- Enemy Sniper: Enemy gunman posted on a roof across from the main sniper.
He was member of Free State Army.

- Turret Gunner: A man who was in an armored car. Then he was killed by the
main sniper.

- Old Woman: Informer who told the position of the main sniper(IRA sniper) to
the turret gunner.

5. Settings
"The Sniper" takes place in Ireland's largest city, Dublin, on the country's east coast
on Dublin Bay, an inlet of the Irish Sea. The time is nightfall in June after the establishment
of the Irish Free State in 1922. The sniper posts himself on a rooftop in central Dublin near
the Four Courts building, which houses the high courts of Ireland, and O'Connell Bridge,
which spans the River Liffey. The Liffey divides the city into two sections as it runs eastward
to Dublin Bay.

6. Ending
The story ends ironically when the IRA sniper (main sniper) realizes that the enemy
he killed was his own brother. And the big irony is that all of the sniper’s Free State enemies
are his brothers, for they had been comrades in arms fighting for the same cause.

7. Theme
 The theme is civil war. War reduces human beings to mere objects. The soldier, they
have no names, no faces. They are targets, nothing more, to be shot at from a distance. To
support this theme, O’Flaherty refrains from naming any of his characters. War knows no
boundaries, age, sex, location, time of day, even family ties and friends. It shows that how
and what the bad effects from civil war.

8. Style
O’Flaherty was able to describe war-like situations with vivid detail. He clearly
understands the concept of ‘kill or be killed,’ which many people of the time period could
relate too, since every street and town in the country was a potential battlefield. The cool,
collected attitude of the sniper, even after injury, helps the reader to understand the mentality
of a soldier. In war emotion cannot exist, there is only the desire to live.
The author also used some of figurative languages, for example in first paragraph:
"Dublin lay enveloped in darkness. . ."
The author used metaphor figurative language to makes the reader imagine the
darkness like a blanket being wrapped over something.

“. . . the heavy guns roared. Here and there through the city, machine guns and rifles
broke the silence of the night, spasmodically, like dogs barking on lone farms.
Republicans and Free Staters were waging civil war.”

The author used personification to make the reader can feel how the situation is.

O’Flaherty’s prose is straightforward and easy to understand. In "The Sniper," he frequently

uses short sentences to maintain suspense, as if the sentences are quickening heartbeats.
Example:
- The turret opened. A man's head and shoulders appeared, looking toward the
sniper. The sniper raised his rifle and fired. The head fell heavily on the turret
wall. The woman darted toward the side street. The sniper fired again. The woman
whirled round and fell with a shriek into the gutter.

- There was a small hole where the bullet had entered. On the other side there was
no hole. The bullet had lodged in the bone. It must have fractured it. He bent the
arm below the wound. The arm bent back easily. He ground his teeth to overcome
the pain.

Welcome to Japan! Arrive in Tokyo—one of the world’s most cutting-edge capitals

and transfer to our hotel. Gather tonight for a welcome dinner at a renowned restaurant,
enjoying home-style

Summary
The Sniper is about a republican sniper who is fighting in the civil war in Ireland. The
sniper is lying on a roof and on the other side of the street there is also a sniper, but the other
sniper is a free stater. Then an armoured car rides by, an old lady walks to the car and points
to where the snipers lays. She is an informer. The sniper sees what happens and shoots the
man in the car and after that he shoots the old lady. The sniper on the other building sees
from where the sniper fires and fires on him. The bullet hits the sniper in his forearm. Then
he thinks of a ruse to kill the other sniper. He puts his cap on top of his rifle, the other sniper
thinks it’s a real man and shoots the cap. The sniper makes sure that the cap falls down on the
street and he also throws his rifle down. Because of the falling cap and rifle the other sniper
thinks that he is dead. The other sniper stands up and the sniper kills him. When he is sure
that he killed the other sniper he is very curious who the other sniper was. He goes down to
the street and turns over the dead body, and when he turns him over, he realizes that he has
shot his own brother.

No one has any real friends, no one really knows any one. Patrick Bateman has casual
acquaintances, but even he gets them mixed up from time to time, as do his acquaintances.
They socialize only on the most superficial level possible. Everyone is so caught up in
themselves that no one even bothers to look up, and when they do look up, all they see is
vague suits, not identifiable people. That's why everyone is constantly confusing someone for
someone else.

Conclusion

To sum up, speaking style showed by Bateman has identified how his own feeling about his
career, friend, love and himself. According to result above, we can see the psychological state
of chaos, which is also influenced by the state of the environment. in addition, the effect of
image-owned Bateman makes others judge as a person who would not have been done
improperly. But in fact when Bateman trying to tell everyone about the truth, people hear
Patrick Bateman, but nobody is ever actually listening to him.
In this case we can see how lonely Bateman although he has a life that can be said most
people want. it is certainly affect the emotional and psychological state. So it is often raised
in its dialogue with the words harsh, sadistic and obscene, though unfortunately many people
who consider it only as a joke or even things that do not matter Bateman merely attention-
seeking and sensation.

References

Brown, H. Douglas. 2001. Language Assessment Principle and Classroom Practice. New
York: Longman.

Chaney, A. 1998. Teaching Oral Communication. In: Grandes K-8. Boston: Allyn and
Bacon.

Ellis, Bret Easton. 1991. American Psycho. New York: Vintage Books.

Gebhard, J. G. 1996. Teaching English as Foreign Language: A Teacher Self-Development

and Methodology Guide. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.

Nunan, David. 1991. Research Methods in Language Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press.

http://brightlightsfilm.com/anorexic-logic-american-psycho/#.VtTeSPnw9S5

https://lapsuspsych.com/2014/11/30/patrick-bateman-of-american-psycho-a-sexual-profile/