10 Padasalai Important Question Bank 2018

Way to Success 
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ENGLISH PAPER - I
STUDY MATERIAL
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PRODUCTION TEAM
1. S. RAVICHANDRAN M.A, B.Ed.
2. K. CHINNAPPAN M.A, M.Sc, B.Ed.
3. R. KARTHIKEYAN M.A, M.Sc, M.Ed.
1
CONTENTS
NO QUESTION TYPE PAGE
1 One Mark Questions 3 - 13
2 Two Mark Questions 14 - 27
3 Three Mark Questions 28 - 30
4 Five Mark Questions 31 - 52
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mtrukhf jahupj;Js;Nshk;. epr;rak; jtWfs; ,Uf;ff;$Lk;. mt;thW VNjDk; jtWfs; ,Ue;jhy;
vq;fsJ kpd;dQ;ry; Kftupf;F (way2s100@gmail.com) clNd njuptpf;fTk;. mt;tg;NghJ mit rup
nra;ag;gl;L upload vd;gij njuptpj;Jf;nfhs;fpNwhk;.
,e;jf; ifNal;bid gbg;gjd; %yk; midtUk;; 11-Mk; tFg;G nghJj;Nju;tpy;
Mq;fpyg; ghlj;jpy; 100-f;F 100 kjpg;ngz;fs; ngw;W Nju;rr
; p ngw tho;j;Jfpd;Nwhk;.
tho;j;Jf;fSld;
Way To Success Team
2017-18 fy;tpahz;Lf;fhd 11k; tFg;G Mq;fpyk;

KOikf; ifNaL jahupg;gpy; cs;sJ. tpiutpy;
mJ Gj;jfkhf ntspaplg;gLk;. mg;NghJ mjid
thq;fp gad;ngWq;fs;.
Way to Success Gj;jfq;fs; Ntz;LNthu;
97 87 60 90 90, 97 87 20 10 10
Mfpa vz;fisj; njhlu;Gnfhs;Sq;fs;
2
11th English English I Paper Content Way to success
ENGLISH PAPER I – QUESTION PATTERN

Marks: 90 Time: 2.30 hrs
PART-A (1 MARK)
i) 1 - 3 Synonyms 20 x 1 = 20
ii) 4 - 6 Antonyms
7, 8. Choose correct syllabic and syllabified word
9,10. Choose correct expansion for given Abbreviation /Acronym
11,12. Choose correct combination of compound word and compound word
13. Choose correct combination of blended word
14. Choose correct clipped word
15. Choose correct meaning of foreign word
16. Choose correct definition for given word
17. Choose correct meaning of idiom
18,19 . Choose correct phrasal verb
20. Choose correct suffix (or prefix)
PART-B (2 MARKS)
21 – 30 7 x 2 = 14
21 to 26. Poem Comprehension & Literary Appreciation Questions (any-4)
27 to 30. Grammar Transformations (any -3; Question No.28 –Compulsory*)
(Relative Clauses, Speech*, Simple Complex Compound Sentences)
PART-C (3 MARKS)
31 – 40 7 x 3 = 21
i) 31 to 36. Prose Questions (any-4)
ii) 37 to 40. Poem ERC (any -3; Question No.40 –Compulsory*)
PART-D (5 MARKS)
41 – 47 7 x 5 = 35
41. Prose Paragraph (either..or..type)
42. Poem Paragraph (either..or..type)
43. a) to e) Correct the errors (or)
Edit the passage
44. 1) to 5) Fill …Prepositions (or)
1) to 5) Fill …Tense forms
45. a) to e) Match the given sentence with their fields (or)
1) to 5) Complete (Fill) the news item with the words given.
46. a) to e) Replace American English words with British Words (or)
a) to e) Form 2 derivatives for each word
47. a) to e) Supply (Fill) suitable modal / quasi-modal verbs (or)
i) Use the given word as noun,verb,adjective and write (3) own sentences.
ii) (Fill – the two given) Homophones
Total Marks: 90
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QN. NO PART - A ENGLISH

1 - 20 ONE MARK QUESTIONS PAPER I
20 x 1 = 20
i) 1 - 3 Synonyms
ii) 4 - 6 Antonyms
7, 8. Choose correct syllabic and syllabified word
9,10. Choose correct expansion for given Abbreviation /Acronym
11,12. Choose correct combination of compound word and compound word
13. Choose correct combination of blended word
14. Choose correct clipped word
15. Choose correct meaning of foreign word
16. Choose correct definition for given word
17. Choose correct meaning of idiom
18,19. Choose correct phrasal verbs
20. Choose correct suffix (or prefix)
1-3 Synonyms (Text book – Prose section)

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaj;jpy; mbf;Nfhbl;bUf;Fk; thu;j;ijf;F ,izahd nghUs; nfhz;l
thu;j;ijia tpilahff; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijfspypUe;J njupT nra;J vOjNtz;Lk;.
Model Question-2017:
I. Choose the correct Synonyms of the word underlined below.
1. It was obvious that she wanted to do something special.
a) doubtful b) clear c) expected d) surprised
2. I crave the law, the penalty and forfeit of my bond.
a) withdrawal b) continuation c) implementation d) closure
3. Hence India has to evolve its own economic policy.
a) design b) fear c) follow d) develop
,e;j gFjp tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;f Prose gFjpapy; xt;nthU ghlj;jpYk; cs;s Synonyms
gFjp thu;j;ijfis ed;F gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
4-6 Antonyms (Text book – Prose section)

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaj;jpy; mbf;Nfhbl;bUf;Fk; thu;j;ijf;F vjpuhd nghUs; nfhz;l
thu;j;ijia tpilahff; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijfspypUe;J njupT nra;J vOjNtz;Lk;.
II. Choose the correct Antonyms of the word underlined below.
4. One should lift oneself by one‟s own efforts and should not degrade oneself.
a) accuse b) lower c) elevate d) deliver
5. Someone had breached the mud bunds at night.
a) broken b) damaged c) repaired d) cemented
6. ……..who had become so disgusted with controversies.
a) comparisons b) agreements c) expansions d) distortions
,e;j gFjp tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;f Prose gFjpapy; xt;nthU ghlj;jpYk; cs;s Antonyms
gFjp thu;j;ijfis ed;F gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
fPo;fz;ltw;iw ed;F gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;:
Lesson-1
Synonyms: Antonyms:
1. desire –yearning 1. capture x free
2. preferred-chose 2. majestic x humble
3. brilliant- outstanding 3. awe x disrespect
4. obvious-apparent 4. sudden x slow
5. grit-determination 5. resisted x accepted
6. immense-great 6. reluctant x eager
7. consent –approval 7. remember x forget
8. dare- brave 8. valuable x worthless
9. accompany-escort 9. succeeded x failed
10. special-extraordinary 10. mourning x rejoicing
11.follow-pursue 11. quiet x talkative
12. fragile-feeble, delicate 12. futile x useful
13. incredible-unbelievable 13. confess x disagree
14. thriving-successful 14. special x ordrinary
15. fascination-keen interest 15. blame x praise
16. rigorous-difficult 16. shy x bold
17. deter - prevent 17. profit x lose
18. domain – region 18. daring x cowardly
19. relented – gave in 19. tragic x comic
20. intimidated – frightened 20. knowledge x fiction
21. daring – bold, brave 21.eager x indifferent, uninterested
22. tragic – sad, awful 22. risky x safe
23. knowledge – information, fact
24. eager – keen, enthusiastic
25. risky – dangerous, unsafe
Lesson-2
Synonyms: Antonyms:
1. plea- request 1. temporal x spiritual
2. forfeit –withdraw 2. mitigate x increase
3. suffice – be enough 3. strict x lenient
4. beseech – implore 4. alter x fix
5. confiscate – take away 5. impugn x acquit
6. mitigate – lessen 6. comedy x tragedy
7. sentence-punishment 7. strong x weak
8. confess-agree 8. special x ordinary
9. impugn-oppose 9. initial x final
10. strained-forced 10. great x small
11. reverend-respect 11. arrival x departure
12.awe- respect 12. penalty x reward
13. offer-give 13. mighty x weak
14. commences-starts 14. better x worse
15. wit-intelligence 15. forfeit x gain
16. justice x injustice
17. noble x ignoble

Lesson-3
Synonyms Antonyms
1. Jostle-push 1. claimed x countered
2. angry-furious / piqued 2. soaking x parched
3. region-domain 3. cemented x crack
4. enough-sufficient 4. innocent x culprit
5. firmly- strongly 5. shirks x toils
6.parched-dry 6. advance x outstanding
7.breaches-openings 7.inferior x superior
8. relinquish-give up 8. servant x master
9.submerged-drawned 9. dry x wet
10. wilted-dried 10. mature x immature
11. perish -die / destroy 11. complete x incomplete
12.rot-decay 12. later x earlier
13. dismal-sad 13. rising x falling
7, 8 Syllabification
7tJ tpdhtpy; Fwpg;gpl;l tif mir nrhy;iy (monosyllabic-1, disyllabic-2, trisyllabic-3,
tetrasyllabic-4, pentasyllabic-5) nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s njhFg;gpypUe;J fz;Lgpbj;J vOJkhW
Nfl;bUg;ghu;fs;.
8tJ tpdhtpy; xNu thu;j;ijia 4 Kiwfspy; mirgpupj;Jf; nfhLj;jpUg;ghu;fs;. rupahdij
fz;Lgpbj;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
7. Choose the Trisyllabic word.
a) appreciate b) attractive c) strength d) geography
8. Choose the appropriate syllabification for the given word.
a) ad-mi-nis-tra-tor b) a-dm-in-ist-ra-tor c) admin-is-tra-tor d) admin-is-trator
How to Syllabify?............ Some tips:

* gpupf;fg;gl;l xt;nthU mirapYk; mtrpak; xU capu; xyp (vowel sound) ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;
1. ngUk;ghYk; a, e, i, o, u, (y) vd;w vowel vOj;Jf;fs; vj;jid Kiw jdpj;jdpahf te;Js;sNjh
mijf; nfhz;L xU thu;j;ijapy; vj;jid Syllable fs; ,Uf;Fk; vd;gij mwpayhk;.
Ex: permanent vd;w ,e;j thu;j;ijapy;; e, a, e, vd;w 3 vowel vOj;Jf;fs; jdpj;jdpNa
te;Js;sJ. vdNt ,J 3 syllable-fs; nfhz;l thu;j;ij.
Permanent – Per – ma –nent 3 syllables
1 2 3
2. xU thu;j;ijapy; 2 vowel vOj;Jf;fs; Nru;e;J te;jhy; (mit diphthongs vd;gjhy; -v.fh ai,
ea, ua, oi, ae) mij xU syllable vdf; nfhs;sTk;
Ex: entertainment vd;w ,e;j thu;j;ijapy;; e, e, e vd;w 3 vowel vOj;Jf;fs; jdpj;
jdpahfTk; ai vd;w 2 vowel vOj;Jf;fs; xd;Wf;nfhd;W mUfpy; te;Js;sJ. ,J Nghy 2 vowel
vOj;Jf;fs; xd;Wf;nfhd;W mUfpy; te;jhy; mij xU 1 syllableMf fzf;fpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
en – ter - tain – ment 4 beau – ti – ful  3 queue  1
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 1
3. xU thu;j;ijapd; filrpapy; y vd;w vOj;J te;jhy; mij xU syllable-Mff; nfhs;sTk;
Ex: penalty ,e;j thu;j;ijapd; filrpapy; y vd;w vOj;J te;Js;sJ.
vdNt ,J 3 syllable nfhz;l thu;j;ij.
penalty – pe-nal-ty 3 syllables
1 2 3

4. xU thu;j;ijapd; filrpapy; tUk; e - silent vd;gjhy; mjid xU syllable Mf fUjf;$lhJ.
Ex: prepare ,e;j thu;j;ijapd; filrpapy; e vd;w vOj;J te;Js;sJ.
vdNt ,J 3 syllable nfhz;l thu;j;ij my;y.
prepare – pre-pare 2 syllables
1 2
5. xU thu;j;ijapd; filrpapy; ly, ness, ment, ion vd;w suffix vOj;Jf;fs; te;J mjd; Kd; e
vd;w vowel vOj;J te;jhy; me;j e vd;w vowel-I xU syllable Mf vz;zf; $lhJ.
Ex: barely ,e;j thu;j;ijapd; filrpapy; ly vd;w vOj;J te;J mjd; Kd; e vd;w
vowel vOj;J te;Js;sJ. vdNt me;j e vd;w vowelI xU syllable Mf
vz;ztpy;iy. cr;rupg;gpYk; tUtjpy;iy
barely – bare - ly 2 syllables
1 2
6. xU thu;j;ijapd; filrpapy; _ed vd;w vOj;J te;jhy; mJ xU syllable my;y.
Ex: dropped ,e;j thu;j;ijapd; filrpapy; ed vd;w vOj;J te;Js;sJ.
dropped – dropped 1 syllable.
1
*(Mdhy; ded, ted vd KbAk; thu;j;ijfSf;F ,J nghUe;jhJ.
c.k;: at – ten – ded - 3 syllables ; sup – por- ted - 3 syllables )
7. nghJthf midj;J Mq;fpy thu;j;ijfSf;Fk; cr;rupg;G Kiwia Phonetic sound –I
mbg;gilahf itj;Nj syllable gpupf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l topKiwfs; cq;fs; cjtpf;fhf kl;LNk.
Ex. rhythm  1 ,e;j thu;j;ijapy; vowel vOj;Jf;fNs ,y;iy. Mdhy; mij
cr;rupf;Fk;NghJ /rɪð(ə)m / , (I) vd;w vowel sound tUfpwJ.
8. xU thu;j;ijapd; filrpg; gFjp _ble vd Kbe;jhy; mJ xU Syllable vdf; nfhs;sTk;
Ex. vi-si-ble  3
* There are exceptions in the above set of rules.
Book Back Exercises:

1. Words ending with -tion, -cion and -ssion:
calculation = cal-cu-la-tion  tetrasyllabic word
coercion = co-er-cion  trisyllabic word
communication = com-mu-ni-ca-tion  pentasyllabic word
suspicion = sus-pi-cion  trisyllabic word
2. Words with -ity :
activity = ac-ti-vi-ty  tetrasyllabic word
electricity = e-lec-tri-ci-ty  pentasyllabic word
creativity = cre-a-ti-vi-ty  pentasyllabic word
productivity = pro-duc-ti-vi-ty  pentasyllabic word
3. Words ending with -graphy:
biography = bi-og-ra-phy  tetrasyllabic word
photography = pho-tog-ra-phy  tetrasyllabic word
geography = ge-og-ra-phy  tetrasyllabic word
radiography = ra-di-og-ra-phy  tetrasyllabic word
4. Words ending with -ical:
economical = e-co-no-mi-cal  pentasyllabic word
geographical = ge-og-ra-phi-cal  pentasyllabic word
logical = lo-gi-cal  trisyllabic word
mathematical = ma-the-ma-ti-cal  pentasyllabic word

5. Words ending with –ly :
economically = e-co-no-mi-cal-ly  hexasyllabic word
politically = po-li-ti-cal-ly  pentasyllabic word
carefully = care-ful-ly  tricyllabic word
6. Words ending with –ate:.
anticipate = an-tic-i-pate  tetrasyllabic word
calculate = cal-cu-late  trisyllabic word
congratulate = con-gra-tu-late  tetrasyllabic word
educate = e-du-cate  trisyllabic word
7. Words ending in –ic :
elastic = e-las-tic  trisyllabic word
electronic = e-lec-tron-ic  tetrasyllabic word
fantastic = fan-tas-tic  trisyllabic word
8. Words ending in –logy:
biology = bi-ol-o-gy  tetrasyllabic word
geology = ge-ol-o-gy  tetrasyllabic word
psychology = psy-chol-o-gy  tetrasyllabic word
zoology = zo-ol-o-gy  tetrasyllabic word
9. Other words:
caravan = ca-ra-van  trisyllabic word
disappointment = dis-ap-point-ment  tetrasyllabic word
Monosyllabic Disyllabic Trisyllabic Tetrasyllabic Pentasyllabic
first divide multiply eradicate electricity
chair river magazine liberation biological
www.Padasalai.Net
lake
stir
write
call
drove
across
further
daughter
corner
reject
calendar
resemblance
educate
calculate
headmistress
political
calculation
activity
engineering
population
electrically
administrator
mathematical
sensitivity
anticipated
first teacher computer electronic participated
bright typist expensive biology inhumanity
blast doctor logical geography disability
9, 10 Abbreviation / Acronym
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s RUf;fj;jpw;F rupahd tpupthf;fj;ij njupT nra;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Abbreviation is a group of letters coined from the initial letters of a phrase.
Abbreviation vd;gJ xU tpupthd nrhw;nwhlupd; Kjy; vOj;Jf;fis kl;Lk; nfhz;l RUf;fk;.
v.fh.: SBI (v];gpI)
Acronym is a word coined from the initial letters of a phrase.
Acronym vd;gJ xU tpupthd nrhw;nwhlupd; Kjy; vOj;Jf;fshy; cUthf;fg;gLk; thu;j;ij.
v.fh: NASA (eh]h)
(Fwpg;G: SBI vd;gij jdpj;jdp vOj;jhf v];gpI vd;W nrhy;fpNwhk;. NASA vd;gij eh]h vd;W
xU thu;j;ijahfNt nrhy;fpNwhk;.)
9. Choose the correct expansion of the abbreviation CLRI
a) Central Legal Research Institute b) Central Labour Research Institute
c) Central Leather Research Institute d) Central Learner‟s Research Institute
10. Choose the correct expansion of the acronym NASA
a) National Aeronautics and Space Administration b) National Acrobatics and Sports Administration
c) National Aerospace and Special Administration d) National Agriculture and Support Administration
Book Back:
1. USA - United States of America
2. UK - United Kingdom
3. GATT - General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs
4. ISRO - Indian Space Research Organisation
5. ATM - Automated Teller Machines
6. CVRDE - Combat Vehicle Research and Development Establishments
7. CLRI - Central Leather Research Institute
8. IIT - Indian Institute of Technology
9. CPU - Central Processing Unit
10. UPS - Uninterrupted Power Supply
11. CD - Compact Disc
12. DTP - Desk Top Publication
13. AVADI - Armed Vehicles and Ammunition Depot of India
14. LASER - Light Amplification by Stimulated Emissions of Radiation
15. RADAR - Radio Detection And Ranging
16. LPG - Liquefied Petroleum Gas
17. UGC - University Grants Commission
18. NLC - Neyveli Lignite Corporation
19. PC - Personal Computer
20. BBC - British Broadcasting Corporation
21. AIDS - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
22. SARS - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
23. UNESCO - United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization
24. NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration
11, 12 Compound word

11tJ tpdhtpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijapd; rupahd Combination-I fz;Lgpbf;f Ntz;Lk;.
13tJ tpdhtpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Combination-f;F nghUj;jkhd thu;j;ijia njupTnra;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Model Exam Question: 2017
11. Choose the correct combination for the compound word „day dream‟
a) Noun+Adverb b) Noun+Verb c) Adjective+Verb d) Adverb+Noun
12. Choose the appropriate compound word for the combination „Adverb + Verb‟
a) overthrow b) blueprint c) popcorn d) indoor
Book Back Exercises:
1. Noun+Noun 2. Noun+Adjective 6. Adjective+Gerund 10.Adjective+Verb
dream-world knee-deep curious-looking safeguard
bed-time homesick shabby-looking whitewash
rabbit-hole henpecked good-looking 11.Adverb+verb
chessmen lifelong easy – going overthrow
cork-screw jet black 7.Adjective+ Past participle upset
sun-dial 3. Adverb+noun dreamy-eyed 12.Object+Noun
wonder land insight long-awaited telephone operator
postman out-patient 8. Adverbial+deverbal noun science teacher
motorcycle postscript daydream 13.Object+Gerund
honey bee 4. Gerund+Noun boat - ride air-conditioning
craftsman looking-glass 9. Verb+object sightseeing
sportsman washing machine push-button 14.Adjective+Noun
childsplay 5.Verb+Noun treadmill blackboard
popcorn
blue print
crybaby
13 Blended words
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s blended word-d; %ythu;j;ijfspd; rupahd combination-I njupTnra;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question: 2017
13. Choose the right combination for the blended word „electrocute‟
a) electricity+execute b) electrons+execute c) electro+execute d) electronics+execute
No Blended Words Words No Blended Words Words
1 newscast news + broadcast 14 brunch breakfast + lunch
2 docudrama documentary + drama 15 vegeburger vegetable +hamburger
3 melodrama melody + drama 16 technowizard technology + wizard
4 telecast television + broadcast 17 moped motor + pedal cycle
5 edutainment education + entertainment 18 camcorder camera + recorder
6 edusat education + satellite 19 mobike motor + bike
7 interpol international + police 20 handycam hand + video camera
8 travelogue travel + catalogue 21 Oxbridge Oxford + Cambridge
9 electrocute electro + execute 22 travelogue travel + catalogue
10 heliport helicopter + airport 23 lecdem lecture+demonstration
11 motel motorway + hotel 24 internet international + network
12 smog smoke + fog 25 Bit binary + digit
13 medicare medical + care 26 telex teleprinter + exchange
14. Clipped word

Words formed by clipping a part of a larger word but retaining the meaning of the original word.
rupahd clipped word-I fz;Lgpbj;J njupT nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
14. Choose the clipped word for „microphone‟
a) micro b) mice c) phone d) mike
No Word Clipped form No Word Clipped form
1 suitcase case 14 mathematics maths
2 helicopter copter 15 memorandum memo
3 demonstration demo 16 microphone mike
4 discotheque disco 17 moving picture movie
5 examination exam 18 paragraph para
6 fanatic fan 19 fountain pen pen
7 refrigerator fridge 20 telephone phone
8 Gymnasium gym 21 perambulator pram
9 Handkerchief kerchief 22 signature sign
10 kilogram kilo 23 Spectacles specs
11 Laboratory lab 24 taxicab taxi
12 demarcate mark 25 caravan van
13 market mart
15. Foreign word

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Ntw;Wnkhopr;nrhy;ypd; rupahd mu;j;jj;ij njupTnra;aNtz;Lk;.
15. Choose the meaning of the foreign word in the sentence.
Rani is seriously preparing for the „viva-voce‟
a) aptitude test b) spoken examination c) written examination d) fitness test
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Foreign words and its meanings:

1. bonafide - genuine 8. de facto - in fact 15. sine die-without a date being fixed
2. resume - a summary 9. versus - against 16. liaison -coordination of activities
3. status quo - the situation 10. prima facie - at first sight 17. ex gratia- given as a favour
through there is no legal obligation
4. in toto - totally 11. in camera - secret session 18. via - by way of
5. en masse - as a whole group 12. via media - middle course 19. erratum - error
6. postmortem - after death 13. bon voyage - saying goodbye 20. ad hoc-for a particular purpose
7. en route - on the way 14. rapport - a close relationship 21. viva voce- a spoken examination
16. Definition of a word

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijapd; rupahd mu;j;jj;ij njupTnra;a Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
16. Choose the right definition for the given term „Anglophobia‟
a) Fear of meeting strangers b) Fear of drinking alcohol c) Fear of using English d) Fear of playing outdoor
Term Definition Term Definition
Anglophobia Fear of using English Tachophobia Fear of speed
Hydrophobia Fear of water Snakephobia Fear of snakes
Claustrophobia Fear of enclosed space Scolionophobia Fear of school
Acrophobia Fear of heights Satanophobia Fear of Satan
Agarophobia Fear of open(or) Public places Rupophobia Fear of dirt
Achluophobia Fear of darkness Poinephobia Fear of punishment
Acousticophobia Fear of noise Potophobia Fear of alcohol
Agrizoophobia Fear of wild animals Phasmophobia Fear of ghosts
Ailurophobia Fear of cats Ochlophobia Fear of crowds or mobs
Antlophobia Fear of floods Nyctophobia Fear ofthe dark or of night
Arsonphobia Fear of fire. Monophobia Fear of solitude or
being alone
Xenophobia Fear of strangers or Laliophobia or Fear of speaking
foreigners Lalophobia
Katsaridaphobia Fear of cockroaches Kleptophobia Fear of stealing
Kakorrhaphiophobia Fear of failure or defeat. Megalomania Mental illness
Kleptomania Strong desire to steal pyromania Set fire to things
Biliomania A craze for books squandermania Spending money
recklessly
17. Idioms and its meaning

xU fUj;jpid Fwpg;ghy; czu;j;Jk; nrhw;nwhlu;fs; Idioms vdg;gLk;. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf
mtu; Gjpa tho;f;ifiaj; njhlq;Ffpwhu; vd;gij He turns over a new leaf in his life vd;fpNwhk;.
mtu; ,we;J tpl;lhu; vd;gij He kicked the bucket vd;fpNwhk;.
e.g: “a change of heart” - literally means - a heart transplant.
Idiomatically means - „a change in one‟s attitude or feelings‟
nfhLf;fg;gl;l Idiom nrhw;nwhlUf;F rupahd mu;j;jj;ij njupTnra;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.

17. Choose the suitable meaning for the idiom found in the following sentence.
Orders for the new product are coming in „thick and fast‟
a) large numbers b) small volumes c) limited quantity d) appropriate level
Book back:
1. take part in - participate 12. matter of concern - something to worry about
2. at the helm - in charge 13. once and for all - as a finally settled matter
3. thick and fast - in large numbers 14. in short supply - less than is needed, lacking
4. loud and clear- very clearly 15. one thing leading to another- sequence of events which are not planned
5. big way - on a large scale 16. a drop in the ocean - very small, unimportant
6. give a piece of mind - scolding 17. break even - make no profit or loss
7. the burning question - the main question 18. at close quarters - very near
8. a stone‟s throw - very near 19. make ends meet - manage with the money
9. in deep waters - in big trouble 20. matter of concern - something to worry about
10. fair and square - in a fair way 21. clean slate - a fast record without discredit (used for a sincere employee)
11. by and by - as time goes by
18,19 Phrasal verbs

Group of words, which is different in meaning, is called „Phrasal Verbs‟. It can not be interpreted word by
word. It functions as a single word.
xU tpidr;nrhy;Yk; (verb) NtW xU ,ilr; nrhy;Yk; (preposition or adverb) ,ize;J Gjpa
mu;j;jj;ijf; nfhLj;jhy; mJ $l;L tpidr;nrhy;yhFk; (phrasal verb)
It can be – Verb + Adverb (or) Verb + Preposition (or) Verb + Adverb + Preposition
18tJ tpdhtpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaj;jpy; cs;s mbf;Nfhbl;l Phrasal Verb-f;F rupahd
mu;j;jj;ij njupTnra;J vOjNtz;Lk;.
19tJ tpdhtpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaj;jpy; cs;s mbf;Nfhbl;l nrhw;fSf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd
Phrasal Verb-I njupT nra;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
18. Replace the underlined phrasal verb into a single word.
I am counting on you for completion of the project.
a) arguing b) supporting c) depending d) motivating
19. Replace the underlined word with the appropriate phrasal verb.
The ancestral jewellery have been handed down from generation to generation.
a) stored b) delivered c) hidden d) distributed
Book back:
1. put up with- tolerate 8. bag of -fuck off 15. push forward -to continue doing something with effort
2. quarrel with - oppose 9. cave in -collapse 16. broke out -started suddenly
3. tore up - tear 10. engage in - take part 17.hang around - move with no aim
4. ran into -to hit someone 11. hand down- delivered 18. hunt down - to try to find every member
5. eat out-eat in a restaurant 12. pile on-increased 19. melt away- disappear slowly
6. cope with - deal with 13. argue into - argue 20. nose around - looking around inorder to find information
7. figure out - understand 14. revert to-return to doing
20. Prefix and Suffix

nfhLf;fg;gl;l thuj;ijf;F Kd;dhy; rpW mirfis Nru;g;gJ Prefix MFk; Ex. Untidy
Some Prefixes: un, in, dis, il, a, en, mis, im, pre … …
nfhLf;fg;gl;l thuj;ijf;F gpd;dhy; rpW mirfis Nru;g;gJ Suffix MFk; Ex. Cricketer
Some suffixes: able, ous, ing, or, er, ment, ance… …
mt;thW Nru;g;gjd; %yk; Gjpa thu;j;ijfis cUthf;f Ntz;Lk;
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijf;F nghUj;jkhd Prefix my;yJ suffix-I njupTnra;J nfhLf;fg;gl;l
thu;j;ijNahL Nru;j;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
20. Form a new word by adding a suitable suffix to the root word „portray‟
a) ……..ment b) ……able c) ……al d) ……ic
Prefixes Book Back-1:
a- atheist,aglow de- decode, defame tele- telephone
mis- misuse, misspell mal- malnutrition under- underestimate
im- immortal, immobile co- cooperate, coexist inter- international
hyper- hypersensitive dis- dislike pro- proclaim
en- enable,entrust ex- ex-minister anti- antinational
uni- uniform, unilateral re- reorganise sub- submarine
il- illogical over- overlook out- outcast
sur- surface semi- semicircle micro- microbiology
un- unwind, unaware poly polysyllabic
Suffixes Book back-1
-ful scornful, doubtful -ment appointment -ous dangerous
-ster youngster -less cordless, hopeless -logy biology
-ly hopefully, sadly -caracy democracy -al comical
-hood adulthood -ship friendship -ate fortunate
-ism fanaticism -graph autograph -eer engineer
-ish childish, reddish -like childlike -ian musician
-ious religious,furious -ist artist -ian politician
-y rocky,muddy -ward downward -ity activity
-ness happiness -able honourable
Book back-3
prefix root word new word root word suffix new word
illegal illegal joy -ous joyous
outdo outdo in -ward inward
undertake undertake child -like childlike
interdisciplinary interdisciplinary hard -ship hardship
polytheism polytheism penny -less pennyless
immature immature magnet -ism magnetism
enclose enclose happy -ly happily
unidirectional unidirectional busy -ness business
decipher decipher entertain -ment entertainment
subway subway luck -y lucky
ex- wife ex-wife auto -cracy autocracy
malnourished malnourished obtain -able obtainable
prolong prolong engine -er engineer
semicolon semicolon magic -ian magician
premature premature mathematics -ian mathematician
acknowledge acknowledge colony -al colonial
mistrust mistrust science -fic scientific
unfortunate unfortunate mediate -or mediator
discovered discovered million -aire millionaire
anti virus antivirus employ -er employer
de merits demerits employ -ee employee
dis courage discourage employ -ment employment
em power empower beauty -ful beautiful
il legal illegal beauty -fy beautify
ex minister ex-minister beauty -fully beautifully
im pure impure complex -ity complexity
in secure insecure forgive -ness forgiveness
ir regular irregular admire -ation admiration
non lexical non-lexical sympathy -tic sympathetic
post paid postpaid cautious -ly cautiously
pre paid prepaid curator -ship curatorship
trans form transform province -al provincial
QN NO PART - B ENGLISH
21 - 30 TWO MARK QUESTIONS PAPER I
7 x 2 = 14
21 to 26. Poem Comprehension & Literary Appreciation Questions (any-4)
27 to 30. Grammar Transformations (any -3; Question No.28 –Compulsory*)
(Relative Clauses, Speech*, Simple Complex Compound Sentences)
21 to 26 Poem Comprehension and literary Appreciation (any 4):

Poem-1
Appreciation Questions & Answers:
1. Who is going to space the next morning? The poet is going to space the next morning
2. Where is the poet going the next morning? The poet is going to the space
3. Is there any winter season on space? No, there is no winter season on space.
4. What is solitary confinement? It is imprisonment.
5. Why is it called solitary confinement?
The poet is alone in his space capsule. No one visits him. So it is called solitary confinement.
6. What is the gaol, to the poet? The space capsule is the gaol to the poet
7. What is a light year? It is measurement of distance in space.
8. How many light years are noted here? Twenty thousand light years are noted here.
Poetic Devices:
1. In solit‟ry confinement as complete as any gaol
i) Write the figure of speech used here? Simile is the figure of speech used here
2. With the teacups circling round me like the planets round the sun
i) Write the figure of speech used here? Simile
3. Tracking through your telescope my upward shooting star
i) Write the words in alliteration in the above line. Tracking-through-telescope, Shooting-star
4. And when….on my trans-galactic hop
With twenty …. before the first stop
Then you … go and blow your top-
For I‟m …. Space tomorrow morning
i) What is the rhyming scheme used in the above stanza? i) aaab is the rhyming scheme
ii) What is the rhyming words used in the above stanza. ii) hop-stop-top is rhyming words
5. You can pass me my helmet from its plastic hook
i) Write the words in alliteration. Pass-plastic, Helmet-hook, Me-my
Poem-2
1. What is meant by “impediments”? Impediments means obstacles.
2. Explain ever-fixed mark? True love is ever-fixed mark. Because True love is immortal
3. What does “wandering bark” mean? Wandering bark means a boat which has lost its direction in the sea.
4. What is never shaken by the tempests? True love is never shaken by the tempests.
5. What is the “edge of doom”? It is the last day of the world
6. Does true love after when it finds alteration? No, true love does not alter when it finds alteration.
Poetic Devices:
1. Let me not to the marriage of true minds
i) Write the words in alliteration in the above line? Me-marriage –minds
2. It is the star to every wand‟ring bark
i) What is the figure of speech used here? Metaphor
3. O, no! it is an ever-fixed mark
i) What is the figure of speech used here? Metaphor
Poem-3
1. Where is the solitary reaper? The solitary reaper is in the field.
2. What is “Highland” ? Highland is the mountain area of Scotland
3. What is the reaper doing? She is reaping the grain
4. What is she doing? She is singing a song
5. What is a nightingale? Nightingale is a singing bird
6. Whose song is sweeter? The song of the solitary reaper is sweeter than the song of the nightingale
7. What are Arabian sands? Arabian sand are the deserts of Arabia
8. What are Hebrides? Hebrides are a group of islands
9. Who cuts and binds the grain? The solitary reaper cuts and binds the grain
10. How was her song? It was sad.
Poetic Devices:
1. Alone she cuts and binds the grain
And sings a melancholy strain;
O listen! for the vale profound
Is overflowing with the sound
i) What is the rhyming scheme used here? i) Rhyming scheme: aabb
ii) What is the rhyming words used here? ii) grain- strain, profound-sound
2. Some natural sorrow, loss or pain
i) Write the words in alliteration in the above line. some-sorrow
27 to 30 Grammar Transformation (any 3 but Qn.No.28 compulsory):
www.Padasalai.Net(Relative Clauses, Speech*, Simple Complex Compound Sentences)

Rewrite any three (3) of the following as directed: (Question No 28 is Compulsory)
27. Gandhiji led India‟s freedom struggle. He did not like violence. (combine using a relative clause)
28. The Manager said to his clerk, “Did you check the pending files?” (change into indirect speech)
29. The boy was very hungry, so he ate the whole cake. (change into a simple sentence)
30. Though the lizard made several attempts, it could not catch the spider.(change into a compound sentence)
27. Relative Clause

27. Combine the following sentences using a relative clause.
tpdhr;nrhw;fis gad;gLj;jp (ngau;nrhy;iy Fwpg;gpLtjw;fhf) ,U thf;fpaq;fis ,izg;gJ ,g;gapw;rp.
For Example
1. This is the man who taught us before.
,tu;jhd; me;j kdpju; (ahnud;why;) Kd;du; vq;fSf;F fw;Wj; je;jtu;.
2. The book which you gave me is lost.
me;jg; Gj;jfk; (vJntd;why; eP vdf;Ff; nfhLj;jJ) njhiye;J tpl;lJ.
Relative Pronouns: who, whose, whom, which, that, what
Relative adverbs: when, where, how, why.
who ahu; – Ms; Pronoun
whose ahUila – Ms; Possessive pronoun
whom ahUf;F – Ms; Objective pronoun
when vg;nghOJ – Neuk; Time
where vq;Nf – ,lk; Place
which vJ – nghUs; Things (non-human)
that me;j – nghUs; Things (non-living)
These words join two parts of a sentence. They refer nouns stands before.
Exercises:
1. Those people feel miserable. They try to imitate others.
Ans: People who try to imitate others feel miserable.
2. Such goals are better. They are chosen by yourself.
Ans:The goals that are chosen by yourself are better.
3. Time is the most valuable resource. It must be utilised properly.
Ans:Time which is the most valuable resource, must be utilised properly
4. William James was a famous psychologist. He advised people to find themselves.
Ans:William James who was a famous psychologist, advised people to find themselves
5. One day Harold Abbott saw a man. That man had no legs.
Ans:One day Harold Abbott saw a man, who had no legs
6. A chance remark transformed Mrs. Edith Allred. It was made by her mother-in-law
Ans:A chance remark that was made by her mother-in-law, transformed Mrs. Edith Allred
7. The boys will be given scholarships. Their parents are poor.
Ans: The boys, whose parents are poor, will be given scholarships.
8. You sent me a present. Thank you verymuch for it.
Ans: Thank you very much for the present which you sent me.
9. The car crashed into a queue of people. Four of them were killed.
Ans: The car crashed into a queue of people killed four of them.
10. Gandhiji led India‟s freedom struggle. He did not like violence.
Ans: Gandhiji, who led India’s freedom struggle, did not like violence.
11. Ravi had been driving all day. He was tired and wanted to stop.
Ans: Ravi, who had been driving all day, was tired and wanted to stop.
Combine the following using relative clauses into a single sentence:
1. I‟ missed the train. I usually catch this train. And I had to travel on the next. This was a slow train.
Ans: As I missed the usual train I had to travel on the next which was a slow one.
2. Do you know the person? He took away the books. I had placed them on the table.
Ans:Do you know the person who took away the books I had placed on the table.
3. Tom came to the party in patched jeans. This surprised the other guests. Most of the other guests were
wearing evening dress. Ans: Most of the other guests who were wearing evening dress were surprised
to see Tom in patched jeans.
4. The firm is sending me to Surat. I work for this firm. Surat is famous for textile goods.
Ans:The firm I am working for is sending me to Surat, which is famous for textile goods.
5. There were a lot of strangers. Some of them were speaking a language. I could not understand it.
Ans:The boys who pass the examination conducted every year are selected for the scholarship.
6. The boys are selected for the scholarship. They pass the examination. It is conducted every year.
Ans:The boys who pass the examination conducted every year are selected for the scholarship.
7. Which is the house? You were talking about it. We were bathing at that time.
Ans:Which is the house that you were talking about while we were bathing?
8. Tagore was given the Nobel Prize. He wrote the „Gitanjali‟. The Nobel Prize is the most prestigious award in
the world.
Ans:The Noble prize, which is the most prestigious award in the world, was given to Tagore who wrote
the Gitanjali.
9. The car had bad brakes. We were in this car. And the man didn‟t know the way. This man was driving the car.
Ans:A man who did not know the way was driving our car which had bad habits.
10. Mahesh is the son of Mrs. & Mr. Murthy. Mahesh was born in New Delhi. New Delhi is the capital of India.
Ans: Mahesh,who is the son of Mrs&Mr Murthy, was born in New Delhi, the capital of India.
28. *Direct & Indirect speeches:

Direct to Indirect
 xUtu; $Wtij mtu; nrhy;YtJ NghyNt jpUg;gpr; nrhd;dhy; mJ Direct speech - Neu;$w;W.
 mtu; $Wtij khw;wp ehk; $WtJ Nghy; $wpdhy; mJ Indirect speech - maw;$w;W.
 tpdhj;jhspy; Neu;$w;W (direct) nfhLj;J maw;$w;whf(Indirect) khw;wNth my;yJ
maw;$w;W(Indirect) nfhLj;J Neu;$w;whf(direct) khw;wNth Nfl;bUg;ghu;fs;.
Parts of Direct & Indirect Speeches (Neu;$w;W & maw;$w;wpd; gFjpfs;):

Reporting Speech Reported Speech
Raja said to Kannan, “ I am talking with her now”.
Speaker Listener
Pronoun Pronoun
Reporting verb Reported verb Time
adverbial
Conjunction
Raja told Kannan that he was talking with her then.
Direct to Indirect Rules (tpjpKiwfs;):

Step 1: Reporting verbI thf;fpaj;jpw;F Vw;whw;Nghy khw;wTk;. (Table1-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
2: thf;fpaj;jpw;F Vw;whw;Nghy ConjunctionI Nru;f;fTk;. (Table1-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
3: “………” Nkw;Nfhs;Fwpia ePf;Ff.
4: Reported speechy; cs;s Pronounfis khw;wTk;. (Table2-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
5: Reported speechy; cs;s TenseI khw;wTk;. (Table3-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
6: Time & Place adverbialsI khw;wTk;. (Table 4-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
7: Interrogative sentence kw;Wk; Exclamatory Sentence-fspy; kl;Lk; reported speechy;
Conjunctionf;Fg; gpwF Kjypy; Subjectk; gpwF Aux.Verb-k; mikAkhW thf;fpaj;ij
vOjTk;. (Table 4-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
Reporting verb khw;WtJ & Conjunction Nru;g;gJ ( Step-1 & 2 ) Table 1

Sentences Change in Reporting verb Conjunction
Statement say say says says
(rhjhuz say to tell says to tells „that‟
thf;fpaq;fs;) said said said to told
Interrogative said asked (i) „Wh‟ „How‟ Qns - same Qn. Word
(tpdh said to asked
thf;fpaq;fs;) asked asked (ii) Yes or no - if or whether
Imperative said / said to ordered / asked „to‟
(fl;lis / commanded /requested
Ntz;LNfhs; advised / warned „not to‟
thf;fpaq;fs;) suggested / told (for Don‟t)
Exclamatory said / said to exclaimed
(czu;r;rp Hurrah! exclaimed joyfully „that‟
thf;fpaq;fs;) Alas! / oh! exclaimed sorrowfully
Table 2
Direct to Indirect-y; Pronoun change-y; mbg;gilahd tprak;;
„nfhl;Nl\Df;Fs;‟ cs;s I, my, me, we, our, us - vd;w Pronounfs; Speaker-If; Fwpf;Fk;. mtw;iw
Speaker-f;F jFe;jthW khw;wTk;.
„nfhl;Nl\Df;Fs;‟ cs;s you, your, you - vd;w Pronounfs; Listener -If; Fwpf;Fk;. mtw;iw
Listener-f;F jFe;jthW khw;wTk;. (Fwpg;G: Speaker-NgRgtu;> Listener-Nfl;gtu;)
1. Speaker (NgRgtu;):
Reported Part gFjpapy; (nfhl;Nl\Df;Fs;) tUk; (I, my, me, we, our, us) I-Person-fs;
midj;Jk; Speaker-If; Fwpf;Fk;.
Speaker III Person –y; ,Ue;jhy;…… (v.fh. Sam)
mtiuf;Fwpf;Fk; Pronoun- fis
I my me
he his him vd;w Kiwapy; khw;wTk;.
Speaker I Person-y; te;jhy;……. (v.fh. I my;yJ We)
mtiuf;Fwpf;Fk; Pronoun fis khw;w mtrpak; ,y;iy.
I my me we our us
mg;gbNa vOjptplyhk;.
2. Listener (Nfl;gtu;):
Reported Part gFjpapy; (nfhl;Nl\Df;Fs;) tUk; II Person-fs; (you, your, you)
midj;Jk; Listener – If; Fwpf;Fk;.
Listener III Person-y; ,Ue;jhy;……… (v.fh. Malini)
mtiuf;Fwpf;Fk; Pronoun – fis
you your you
she her her vd;w Kiwapy; khw;wTk;.
Listener I Person-y; te;jhy;……… (v.fh me my;yJ us)
mtiuf;Fwpf;Fk; Pronoun-fshd
you your you-it
I my me
( my;yJ) (my;yJ) (my;yJ)
we our us vd;W I person Mf khw;w Ntz;Lk;.
3. xU Ntis Reported gFjpapy; Vw;fdNt III Person- fshd he, his, him, she, her, her, it,
its, it, they, their, them te;jhy; Indirect – f;F khw;Wifapy; mg;gbNa vOjp tplTk;.
Tense change (step 5): Table 3
nfhLf;fg;gLk; thf;fpaj;jpd; Verb nra;a Ntz;ba khw;wk;
Present form Mf ,Ue;jhy; Past form Mf khw;Wf
am,is,are Mf ,Ue;jhy; was,were Mf khw;Wf
have,has Mf ,Ue;jhy; had Mf khw;Wf
Past form Mf ,Ue;jhy; Past Perfect (had + PP) Mf khw;Wf
will Mf ,Ue;jhy; would Mf khw;Wf
shall Mf ,Ue;jhy; should Mf khw;Wf
can Mf ,Ue;jhy; could Mf khw;Wf
may Mf ,Ue;jhy; might Mf khw;Wf
must Mf ,Ue;jhy; had to Mf khw;Wf
Fwpg;G: 1) Reporting Verb = Past vd;W ,Ue;jhy; kl;Lk; Nkw;fz;l table-I gad;gLj;jTk;.
2) Reporting Verb = Present vd;W ,Ue;jhy; Tense change nra;af;$lhJ.
3) Imperative(fl;lis) thf;fpaj;jpw;F Tense change nra;af;$lhJ.
4) ,uz;L verbfs; tUk; NghJ Kjy; verbd; TenseI kl;Lk; khw;wTk;.
Time & Place Adverbials Change (step 6): Table 4
No Direct speech To Indirect speech
1 this (,J) that (mJ)
2 these (,itfs;) those (mitfs;)
3 here (,q;Nf) there (mq;Nf)
4 thus (,g;gbahf) so (mg;gbahf)
5 now (,g;NghJ) then (mg;NghJ)
6 ago (Kd;dhy;) before (Kd;djhf)
7 today (,d;W) that day (md;W)
8 tonight (,d;wpuT) that night (md;W ,uT)
9 yesterday (New;W) the previous day/ the day before /the last day(Ke;ija ehs;)
10 last week (nrd;w thuk;) the previous week/ the week before (Ke;ija thuk;)
11 last month (nrd;w khjk;) the previous month / the month before (Ke;ija khjk;)
12 last year (nrd;w Mz;L) the previous year/ the year before (Ke;ija Mz;L)
13 tomorrow (ehis) the next day / the day after / the following day (mLj;j ehs;)
14 next week (tUk; thuk;) the week after (mjw;F mLj;j thuk;)
15 next month (tUk; khjk;) the month after (mjw;F mLj;j khjk;)
16 next year (tUk; Mz;L) the year after (mjw;F mLj;j Mz;L)
Neu;$w;wpd; fhyKk;> maw;$w;wpd; fhyKk; NtWgLtjhy;jhd; Nkw;fz;l thu;j;ijfis khw;WfpNwhk;
Format Change (for step 7): Table 5
Inerrogative Sentence Exclamatory Sentence
1. She said to him, “Is he mad?” 1. He said, “How beautiful the Taj Mahal is!”
She asked him if he was mad. He exclaimed that the Taj Mahal was very beautiful.
2. He said to her, “Have you done the homework?” 2. She said, “What a beautiful picture it is!”
He asked her if she had done the homework. She exclaimed that it was a very beautiful picture.
3. He said to her, “Who is your father?” (Subject,Verb, Complement -vd;w mikg;ghf ,lk;
khw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. What, How Nghd;w
He asked her who her father was. thu;j;ijfis ePf;fptpl;L Adjective-f;F Kd;dhy;
very Nru;f;fg;gl;Ls;sJ)
(Subject-k; Verb-k; ,lk; khw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ)
ePq;fs; nra;aNtz;ba gbfs; - RUf;fkhf

Step 1 Reporting verb change
Step 2 Add Conjunction
Step 3 Remove comma quotation
Step 4 Pronouns Change
Step 5 Tense Change
Step 6 Adverbials change
Step 7 Structure change
*,jid mg;gbNa kdg;ghlk; nra;Jnfhs;f
Level-1 (Statement type – 6 steps):

Question: Ameer said to Banu, “I went to Chennai last week.”
mkPu; ghDtplk; $wpdhd;> “ehd; nrd;wthuk; nrd;id nrd;Nwd;.”
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s $w;wpd; gFjpfis Kjypy; mwpe;Jnfhs;Nthk;.
Ameer said to Banu , “I went to Chennai last week .”  Statement
Speaker Reporting verb Listener Pronoun verb adverbial
,g;NghJ ehk; nra;aNtz;ba khw;wq;fSf;fhd gbfis xt;nthd;whf nra;J ghu;g;Nghk;
Step-1 Step-2 Step-3 Step-4 Step-5 Step-6
Ameer said to Banu ,“ I went to Chennai last week . ”
Ameer told Banu that he had gone to Chennai the previous week.
Final Answer: Ameer told Banu that he had gone to Chennai the previous week.
mkPu; ghDtplk; mtd; mjw;F Ke;ija thuk; nrd;id nrd;wpUe;jjhff; $wpdhd;.
But Exact Answer is: Ameer told Banu that he had been to Chennai the previous week.
(„been‟ vd;gJ „go‟-d; kw;nwhU past participle form. been = visited and returned. nrd;id nrd;W mq;NfNa ,Ue;jhy;
„gone‟ gad;gLj;jyhk;. mkPu; nrd;id nrd;W mq;NfNa ,Ue;jhy; ghDtplk; Nkw;fz;l nra;jpia nrhy;ypapUf;f
,ayhJ. kPz;Lk; te;J ghDtplk; nra;jp nrhy;Yfpwjhy; ,q;F „been‟ gad;gLj;JtNj kpfr;rupahdJ.)
Level-2A (Interrogative Wh-Qn type – 7 steps):

Question: Siva said to me, “When will you meet me?”
rpth vd;dplk; $wpdhd;> “eP vd;id vg;NghJ re;jpg;gha;?”
Siva said to me , “ When will you meet me ? ”  Interrogative
Speaker Reporting verb Listener Qn word Ax.verb Pronoun m.verb pronoun (Wh Question)
Step-1 Step-2 Step-3 Step-7 Step-5 Step-4 Step-4
Siva said to me ,“ When will you meet me ”
Siva asked me when I would meet him.
Final Answer: Siva asked me when I would meet him.
rpth vd;dplk; ehd; mtid vg;NghJ re;jpg;Ngd; vd Nfl;lhd;.
Level-2B (Interrogative Yes or No type – 7 steps):

Question: Prem said to Preethi, “Are you mad?”
gpNuk; gpuPj;jpaplk; $wpdhd;> “eP igj;jpakh?”
Prem said to Preethi , “ Are you mad ? ”  Interrogative
Speaker Reporting verb Listener Verb Pronoun Adjective (Verb - Question)
Prem said to Preethi ,“ are you mad ”
Prem asked Preethi if she was mad
Final Answer: Prem asked Preethi if she was mad.
gpNuk; gpuPj;jpaplk; mts; igj;jpakh vdf; Nfl;lhd;.
Level-3 (Imperative type – 6 steps):

Question: I told my assistant, “Get me your certificates.”
ehd; vdJ cjtpahsuplk; nrhd;Ndd;> “cdJ rhd;wpjo;fis vd;dplk; nfhz;Lth.”
I told my assistant , “ Get me your certificates .”  Imperative
speaker reporting verb listener verb pronoun pronoun
Step-1 Step-2 Step-3 Step-4 Step-4
I told my assistant , “ Get me your certificates .”
I ordered my assistant to get me his certificates.
Final Answer: I ordered my assistant to get me his certificates.
ehd; vdJ cjtpahsuplk; mtdJ rhd;wpjo;fis vd;dplk; nfhz;L tUkhW fl;lisapl;Nld;.
Level-4 (Exclamatory type – 7 steps):

Question: Salim said, “How tall this building is!”
ryPk; $wpdhd;> “,e;j fl;blk; vt;tsT caukhf cs;sJ!”
Salim said , “ How tall this building is !”  Exclamatory
Speaker Reporting verb Exclamatary Qn word adverbial noun verb
Salim said , “ How tall this building is !”
Salim exclaimed that that building was very tall.
Final Answer: Salim exclaimed that that building was very tall.
ryPk; me;j fl;blk; kpfTk; caukhf ,Ue;jJ vd Mr;ru;ag;gl;lhd;.
Exercise: Rewrite these sentences into indirect speech:

1. He said, “I will be in New York on Sunday”
He said that he would be in New York on Sunday.
2. The teacher said to Mohan, “Why were you absent to school yesterday?”
The teacher asked Mohan why he had been absent to school the previous day.
3. All the visitors said, “What an excellent sculpture it is!”
All the visitors exclaimed that it was an excellent sculpture.
4. The headmaster said to Mohan, “Bring your father to school tomorrow.”
The headmaster asked Mohan to bring his father to school the next day
5. Anbu said to the girl, “Will you come to the function tomorrow?”
Anbu asked the girl if she would come to the function the next day.
6. Sudha said to Afroj, “Please, Give me your laptop.”
Sudha requested Afroj to give her (Sudha) her (Afroj’s) laptop.
7. Dhivya said to her brother , “Don‟t use mobile phone while driving.”
Dhivya advised her brother not to use mobile phone while driving
8. Monica said, “Hurrah! I have scored 490 marks.”
Monica exclaimed joyfully that she had scored 490 marks.
Indirect to Direct
Direct to Indirect-y; nra;j gbfis mg;gbNa khw;wp Reverse-y; nra;aNtz;Lk;.
Step 1: told, asked,exclaimed, ordered,requested … f;F gjpyhf said to NghLf. (listener ,y;iy
vdpy; said kl;LNk NghlTk;) (Table1-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
2: ,ilr;nrhy;iy (that, if/whether, to) ePf;fTk;. (Table1-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
3: “… ” Nkw;Nfhs; Fwp NghLf. (conjunction I vLj;j ,lj;jpy; Nkw;Nfhs;Fwpiaj; njhlq;F)
4: Reported speechy; cs;s Pronounfis khw;wTk;.
5: Reported speechy; cs;s TenseI khw;wTk;. (Table2-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
6: Time & Place adverbialsI khw;wTk;. (Table3-y; cs;sJ Nghy)
7a: Interrogative sentence -y; reported speechy; Kjypy; Aux.Verb -k; gpwF Subjectk;
mikAkhW thf;fpaj;ij vOjTk;.
7b: Exclamatory Sentence-y; reported speechy; Kjypy; Complement-k; gpwF Subjectk; gpwF
Verbk; mikAkhW thf;fpaj;ij vOjTk;.
Fwpg;G:
 Reported speechy; not to te;jhy; mij Don‟t vd khw;wTk;.
 Reporting speechy; requested te;jhy; Reported speech-I Please vdj; njhlq;fTk;.
 Exclamatory Sentencey; Reported speechy; Very te;jhy; mij ePf;fptpl;L What/How
vdj; njhlq;fTk;.
Reporting verb & Conjunction khw;WtJ ( Step 1 & Step 2)

Table 1 Changes in Reporting verb ePf;fNtz;ba Conjunction
*listener ,y;iy vdpy; said kl;Lk; NghlTk;.
Statement said said
„that‟
(rhjhuzthf;fpak;) told said to
Interrogative asked (i) „Wh‟ „How‟ Qns - ,e;j
(tpdh asked said to, said Conjunction-fis ePf;ff;$lhJ.
thf;fpak;) asked (ii) Yes or no - if or whether
Imperative ordered / asked „to‟
(fl;lis / commanded /requested said / said to
Ntz;LNfhs; advised / warned „not to‟ it vLj;Jtpl;L
thf;fpaq;fs;) suggested / told Don‟t NghlTk;.
Exclamatory exclaimed said / said to
(czu;rr ; p exclaimed joyfully said, “Hurrah! „that‟
thf;fpaq;fs;) exclaimed sorrowfully said, “Alas! / oh!
Tense change (step 5): Table 2
nfhLf;fg;gLk; thf;fpaj;jpd; Verb nra;a Ntz;ba khw;wk;
Past formMf ,Ue;jhy; Present form Mf khw;Wf
was,were Mf ,Ue;jhy; am,is,are Mf khw;Wf
had Mf ,Ue;jhy; have,has Mf khw;Wf
had + Past Participle form Mf ,Ue;jhy; Past form Mf khw;Wf
would Mf ,Ue;jhy; will Mf khw;Wf
should Mf ,Ue;jhy; shall Mf khw;Wf
could Mf ,Ue;jhy; can Mf khw;Wf
might Mf ,Ue;jhy; may Mf khw;Wf
had to Mf ,Ue;jhy; must Mf khw;Wf
*Imperative(fl;lis) thf;fpaj;jpw;F kl;Lk; Tense change nra;af;$lhJ.
*,uz;L verbfs; tUk; NghJ Kjy; verbd; TenseI kl;Lk; khw;wTk;.
Indirect to Direct
ePq;fs; nra;aNtz;ba gbfs; - RUf;fkhf
Step 1 Reporting verb change Step 2 Remove Conjunction
Step 3 Put comma quotation Step 4 Pronoun Changes
Step 5 Tense Change Step 6 Adverbial changes
Step 7 Structure change
*,jid mg;gbNa kdg;ghlk; nra;Jnfhs;f
Level-6 (Statement – 6 steps) :
Question: Ram told Raja that he wanted to meet him then.
uhk; uh[htplk; mtd; mtid mg;NghJ re;jpf;f tpUk;gpajhff; $wpdhd;
Ram told Raja that he wanted to meet him then.  Statement
speaker Reporting verb listener conjunction pronoun verb pronoun adverbial
Step-1 Step-2 Step-3 Step-4 Step-5 Step-4 Step-6 Step-3
Ram told Raja that he wanted to meet him then
Ram said to Raja ,“ I want to meet you now. ”
Final Answer: Ram said to Raja, “I want to meet you now.”
uhk; uh[htplk; $wpdhd;> “ehd; cd;id ,g;NghJ re;jpf;f tpUk;GfpNwd;.”
Level-7A (Interrogative Wh-Qn type – 7 steps):
Question: I asked Louis where he had gone the previous day.
ehd; Y}ap]plk; mtd; mjw;F Ke;ija ehs; vq;Nf NghapUe;jhd; vd Nfl;Nld;
I asked Louis where he had gone the previous day Interrogative
speaker Reporting verb listener conjunction pronoun Ax.verb m.verb adverbial

I asked Louis where he had gone the previous day
I said to Louis ,“ Where did you go Yesterday?”
Final Answer: I said to Louis “Where did you go yesterday?”
ehd; Y}ap]plk; nrhd;Ndd;> “New;W eP vq;F nrd;wha;?”
Level-7B (Interrogative Yes ore No Questions type – 7 steps):
Question: Kishore asked Louis whether he had completed his home work.
fpN\hu; Y}ap]plk; mtd; mtdJ tPl;Lg;ghlj;ij Kbj;Jtpl;lhdh vdf; Nfl;lhd;
Kishore asked Louis whether he had completed his home work Interrogative
speaker Rep. verb listener conjunction pronoun Ax.verb m.verb Pronoun adverbial
,g;NghJ ehk; nra;aNtz;ba khw;wq;fSf;fhd gbfis xt;nthd;whf nra;J ghu;g;Nghk;.

Step-1 Step-2 Step-3 Step-4 Step-5 & 7 Step-4
Kishore asked Louis whether he had completed his home work
Kishore said to Louis ,“ Have you completed your home work?”
Final Answer: Kishore said to Louis, “Have you completed your home work?”
fpN\hu; Y}ap]plk; Nfl;lhd;> “eP cdJ tPl;Lghlj;ij Kbj;jpUf;fpwhah?”
Level-8 (Imperative type – 6 steps):

Question: Dinesh requested me to give him my book.
jpNd\; vd;dplk; mtDf;F vdJ Gj;jfj;ijj; jUkhW Nfl;Lf;nfhz;lhd;.
Dinesh requested me to give him my book  Imperative
Speaker Rep.verb listener conjunction verb pronoun pronoun noun
Dinesh requested me to give him my book
Dinesh said to me ,“ Please, Give me your book. ”
Final Answer: Dinesh said to me, “Please, Give me your book.”
jpNd\; vd;dplk; nrhd;dhd;> “cd;Dila Gj;jfj;ij vd;dplk; nfhL.”
Level-9 (Exclamatory type – 7 steps):
Question: Renuka exclaimed Rani that she was very clever.
NuZfh uhzpaplk; mts; kpfTk; Gj;jprhypahf ,Ue;jjhf Mr;rupag;gl;lhs;.
Renuka exclaimed Rani that she was very clever  Exclamatory
Speaker Rep.verb Listener Conjunction Pronoun Verb
Renuka exclaimed Rani that she was very clever
Renuka said to Rani ,“ How clever you are! ”
Final Answer: Renuka said to Rani, “How clever you are!”
NuZfh uhzpaplk; nrhd;dhs;> “eP vt;tsT Gj;jprhypahf ,Uf;fpwha;!”
Exercises
1. She said that she had written to her the previous day.
She said, “I wrote to her yesterday.”
2. She told Rama that she wouldn‟t come with him to the forest.
She said to Rama, “I won’t (shan’t) come with you to the forest.”
3. The doctor asked the patient if he had slept well the day before.
The doctor said to the patient, “Did you sleep well yesterday?”
4. The teacher advised the boys not to waste their precious time.
The teacher said to the boys, “Don’t waste your precious time.”
5. Leela requested Meena to lend her her bicycle.
Leela said to Meena, “Please, lend me your bicycle.”
6. Ravi asked Rani when she would return his book.
Ravi said to Rani, “When will you return my book?”
7. Durai exclaimed joyfully that his son won the atheletic championship and also said that he wanted to
put him in a sports hostel.
Durai said, “Ah! My son wins the atheletic championship. I want to put him in a
sports hostel.”
8. Hashini exclaimed to Harini that she was very smart.
Hashini said to Harini, “How smart you are!”
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Fwpg;G: nghJj;Nju;tpy; Nfs;tpahdJ rpy Neuq;fspy; fyit thf;fpakhff; Nfl;gjhy;
(Compound Sentence) Kjw; gFjpiaj; jdpahfTk;> gpw;gFjpiaj; jdpahfTk; direct-bNyh
my;yJ indirect-bNyh vg;gb khw;wr;nrhy;yp ,Uf;fpwhu;fNsh mg;gb khw;w Ntz;Lk;.
Direct to Indirect:
Nfs;tp Direct Speech-y; fyit thf;fpakhf ,Ue;jhy; ,izg;Gr;nrhy; ,Uf;fhJ.
Question 1: Balu said to his friend, “How long have I been waiting for you? It‟s getting late.”
 NkNy cs;s Nfs;tpapy; Kjw;gFjpapy; tpdh thf;fpaKk; gpw;gFjpapy; rhjhuz thf;fpaKk; te;Js;sJ.
 ,jpy; Balu said to his friend vd;w gFjpia Nfs;tp thf;fpaj;jpw;F jFe;jhw;Nghy Balu asked his
friend vd;W Kjypy; Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;.
 “How long have I been waiting for you? vd;w gFjpia Indirect Speechy; Nfs;tp thf;fpaj;jpw;F
cupa khw;wq;fSld; gpd;tUk; tpilia vOjTk;.
Balu said to his friend ,“ How long have I been waiting for you?”
Balu asked his friend how long he had been waiting for him.
 gpd;du; kPz;Lk; Balu said to his friend vd;w gFjpia rhjhuz thf;fpaj;jpw;F jFe;jhw;Nghy and
also he told vd;W ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahff; Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;.
 It‟s getting late.” vd;w gFjpia Indirect Speechy; rhjhuz thf;fpaj;jpw;F cupa khw;wq;fSld;
gpd;tUk; tpilia vOjTk;.
Balu said to his friend “How long have I been waiting for you? It‟s getting late.”
conjunction conjunction
Balu asked his friend how long he had been waiting for him and also he told that it was getting late.
Ans 1: Balu asked his friend how long he had been waiting for him and also he told that it was getting late.
Indirect to Direct:
Nfs;tp Indirect Speech-y; fyit thf;fpakhf ,Ue;jhy; ngUk;ghYk; and also vd;w ,izg;Gr;
nrhy;yhy; ,izf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.
Question 2: Our Principal advised me to study well and also she told that it would help me in future.
 NkNy cs;s Nfs;tpapy; Kjw;gFjpapy; advised...to… vd ,Ug;gjhy; Ntz;LNfhs; thf;fpaKk;
gpw;gFjpapy; told … that… vd ,Ug;gjhy; rhjhuz thf;fpaKk; te;Js;sJ.
 ,jpy; Our Principal advised me vd;w gFjpia Direct Speech-w;F jFe;jhw;Nghy Our Principal
said to me vd;W Kjypy; Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;. Conjunction „to‟-it ePf;fp tplTk;.
 study well vd;w gFjpia Direct Speechy; vOjTk;. Ntz;LNfhs; thf;fpaj;jpw;F kl;Lk; Tense
khw;wj; Njitapy;iy.
Our Principal advised me to study well
conjunction
Our Principal said to me “Study well.
 gpd;du; and also she told vd;w gFjpiaAk;> conjunction „that‟-IAk; ePf;fp tplTk;.
 it would help me in future vd;w gFjpia Direct Speechy; rhjhuz thf;fpaj;jpw;F cupa
khw;wq;fSld; gpd;tUkhW tpilia vOjTk;.
Our Principal advised me to study well and also she told that it would help me in future.
conjunction conjunction
Our Principal said to me “Study well. It will help you in future.”
Answer 2: Our Principal said to me, “Study well. It will help you in future.”
Exercise:
Rewrite this sentence into other speech:
1. The teacher said to the students, “We are going on an excursion to Kerala next week”
The teacher told the students that they were going on an excursion to Kerala the following
week (the week after).
2. Rangan said to Ashok, “I have completed this exercise. Now I can submit it without fail tomorrow.
Rangan told Ashok that he (Rangan) had completed that exercise and also added that
then he (Rangan) could submit it without fail the next day.
3. The teacher said to the boy, “I have often warned you to concentrate on your studies”
The teacher told the boy that he/she had often warned him to concentrate on his studies.
4. The blind lady requested the student to help her cross the road.
The blind lady said to the student , “Please, help me cross the road.”
5. “What a beautiful view it is!” said my friend.
My friend exclaimed that it was a beautiful view.
6. Praveen said, “I don‟t go to movies often, and my mother will not allow it”.
Praveen said that he didn’t go to movies often and added that his mother would not allow it.
7. Guru told Mukhil that he had completed his assignment and he needed to take rest for sometime.
Guru said to Mukhil, “I have completed my(your) assignment and I need to take rest for sometime.”
8. Gopi requested Suresh to lend him a pen.
Gopi said to Suresh, “Please lend me a pen.”
9. The teacher instructed the students not to write on both sides of the paper.
The teacher said to the students, “Don’t write on both sides of the paper.”
10. The teacher asked me whether I was going to join the Medical course or the Engineering course.
The teacher said to me, “Are you going to join the Medical course or the Engineering course?”
29, 30. Simple - Compound - Complex Transformation:

thf;fpaq;fs; nghJthf %d;W tifg;gLk;.
1) vspa thf;fpaq;fs; (Simple Sentences)
2) vspa $l;L thf;fpaq;fs; (Compound Sentences)
3) rpf;fyhd $l;L thf;fpaq;fs; (Complex Sentences)
,tw;iwg; gw;wp mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;F Kd;ghf thf;fpaj;jpd; rpy gFjpfis mwpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
Phrase vd;gJ finite verb ,y;yhj nrhw;nwhlu;.
(xU thf;fpaj;jpy; Tense-If; fhl;Lk; verb xd;W fl;lhak; ,Uf;Fk; mJNt finite verb MFk;)
Clause vd;gJ verb cs;s mu;j;jk; Kw;Wngw;w my;yJ mu;j;jk; Kw;Wngwhj nrhw;nwhlu;
mu;j;jk; Kw;Wngw;w nrhw;nwhliu Main Clause (MC) vd;fpNwhk;.
mu;j;jk; Kw;Wngwhj nrhw;nwhliu Subordinate Clause (SC) vd;fpNwhk;.
Simple Sentences : Phrase + MC
Compound Sentences: MC + Conjunction + MC
Complex Sentences : SC + MC
SIMPLE SENTENCE
Simple Sentence vd;gJ xU Phrase-IAk; (tpidr;nrhy; ,y;yhj xU nrhw;nwhliuAk;);> xU
Main clause-IAk; (finite verb-nfhz;l mu;j;jk; KOikngw;w xU thf;fpaj;ijAk;) nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
Because of her hard work, She won the medal.
mtspd; fbd ciog;gpd; fhuzkhf> mts; gjf;fk; ntd;whs;.
Phrase Main Clause
Extra Example: The boy sat under the tree. (,jpy; tense fhl;Lk; verb, sat MFk;. ,J simple past senternce.)
The boy wearing blue cap and dirty clothes sat under the tree (phrase+finite verb+… ,JTk; simple)
COMPOUND SENTENCE
Compound Sentence vd;gJ ,uz;L Main clause-IAk; (mu;j;jKs;s thf;fpaq;fisAk;)
,uz;bd; ,ilapYk; xU conjunction-IAk; (,izg;Gr;nrhy;Yk;) nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
She worked hard and so She won the medal.
mts; fbdkhf cioj;jhs; mjdhy; mts; gjf;fk; ntd;whs;.

Main Clause conjunction Main Clause
COMPLEX SENTENCE
Complex Sentence vd;gJ xU Subordinate Clause-IAk; (mu;j;jk; KOikngwhj
thf;fpaj;ijAk;);>xU Main clause-IAk; (mu;j;jk; KOikngw;w thf;fpaj;ijAk;;) nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
As She worked hard, She won the medal.
mts; fbdkhf cioj;jjhy;> mts; gjf;fk; ntd;whs;.
Subordinate Clause Main Clause
In short :
No Simple Sentence Complex Sentence Compound
1. Verb+ing / On+verb+ing When/As soon as And/and at once
2. Being/owing to/ due to/ on account of / because of As / since And so / So
3. In spite of/despite Though/although/Eventhough But/yet/still
4. In the event of+Possessive pronoun +verb+ing If or
5. In the event of + possessive pronoun +not+verb+ing unless Or else/otherwise
6. Having+V3 / After+verb+ing / Before+verb+ing After/before And then
7. Too-to So-that-not Very-and so
Examples:
1. On seeing the dog, the thief ran away (simple)
When the thief saw the dog, he ran away (complex)
The thief saw the dog and he ran away (compound)
2. On touching the wire, he got a shock (simple)
As soon as he touched the wire, he got a shock (complex)
He touched the wire and at once he got a shock (compound)
3. Being rich, my uncle helps all (simple)
As my uncle is rich, he helps all (complex)
My uncle is rich and so he helps all(compound)
4. Due to rain we cancelled the match (simple)
As it rained, we cancelled the match (complex)
It rained, we cancelled the match (compound)
Book back Exercise:
Change the following as directed.
1. Here are some proven techniques that will help you to achieve success and happiness in life. (Change into a
Simple sentence)
Here are some proven techniques to help you to achieve success and happiness in life.
2. Persons with high self-esteem feel unique and competent. (Change into a Complex sentence)
People who have high self-esteem feel unique and competent
3. To improve your self-esteem, become aware of your potentialities. (Change into a Complex sentence)
If you want to improve your self –esteem, you must become aware of your potentialities.
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4. Successful people are those who manage their time efficiently. (Change into a Simple sentence)
Successful people manage their time efficiently
5. Many people make themselves miserable by trying to imitate others. (Change into a Compound sentence)
Many people try to imitate others, and so they make themselves miserable.
6. She remained unhappy even after she married into a poised and self-confident family. (Change into a
Compound and a Simple sentence)
She married into a poised and self-confident family but she remained unhappy. (compound)
Even after marrying into a poised and self –confident family, she remained unhappy. (simple)
7. If we want to be happy, we have to concentrate on the things that are right. (Change into a Compound sentence)
We should concentrate on the right things or we will not be happy
8. Once he happened to see a man who had no legs. (Change into a Simple sentence)
Once he happened to see a man without legs
9. He had two legs and he could walk. (Change into a Complex sentence)
As he had two legs , he could walk
10. William James, who was a renowned psychologist says that the average person uses only 10% of his
abilities. (Change into a Simple sentence)
According to William James the nenowned psychologist, the average person uses only 10% of his abilities.
11. Though he was disabled, he was very cheerful. (Use „inspite of‟)
Inspite of his being disabled, he was very cheerful
12. If you meet with failure in your attempts, change your strategy. (Use „incase of‟)
Incase of failure in your attempts, change your strategy
13. He plans his work in order to finish his target in time. (Use „so that‟)
He plans his work so that he could finish his target in time.
14. He finished the work. Then he left the office. (Use „after‟)
After finishing the work he left the office
QN NO PART - C ENGLISH
31 - 40 THREE MARK QUESTIONS PAPER I
7 x 3 = 21
i) 31 to 36. Prose Questions (any-4)
ii) 37 to 40. Poem ERC (any -3; Question No.40 –Compulsory*)
31 to 36 Prose Questions (any 4): (Prose Section)
I. Answer any four (4) of the following. 4 x 3 = 12
31. What did Chawla say on being selected to go to space for the second time?
32. Why does Thirumulpad give the land to Outhakutty?
33. Who was Professor Rinaldi and why did Mr.Henderson meet him?
34. How according to Portia is mercy “twice blessed”?
35. Mention two practical suggestions offered regarding goals and time management.
36. Where do our hopes lie for the realisation of the second vision, according to the author?
Prose gFjpapy; cs;s tpdhf;fSf;fhd tpilfis gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Prose - 1
1. What did Neil Armstrong say on stepping onto the moon’s surface?
On stepping on to the moon‟s surface Neil Armstrong said, “That is one small step for a man, one giant leap
for mankind.”
2. What was Kalpana Chawla’s strong desire?
Kalpana Chawla‟s strong desire was to fly into the sky and touch the stars someday.
3. How was she different from others, as a young girl?
Normally young girls like to dress up their dolls. But Kalpana preferred to paint airplanes
4. What was her brother’s advice? How did it help her?
“Everyone fights their own battles” This was her brother‟s advice. It encouraged her to later earn her pilot‟s
licenses for airplanes and gliders.
5. Who was Chawla’s inspiration to take up flying? What was his achievement?
JRD Tata was Chawla‟s inspiration to take up flying. He was the one who flew the first mail flights in India.
6. What was the difference between Rakesh Sharma and Chawla?
As a child Rakesh Sharma never dreamt of going into space. But Chawla had the big dream. She chased
dream and made it real.
7. What did her thesis guide at the University of Texas say of her?
Don Wilson, her thesis guide said that Kalpana Chawla was a quiet and shy girl. But she had a burning
desire to be an astronaut. She refused to say „NO‟ for an answer.
8. What sort of training did she undergo at NASA?
At NASA, Kalpana Chawla underwent a year‟s rigorous training. The pulse rate would rise from 72 to 102
within seconds. It was Painful, but Kalpana had the grit to cope with it.
9. When and how did Kalpana Chawla’s dream become true?
Her dream became true in 1996. She became a mission specialist on STS-87. She flew in the US Space
shuttle between November 19 to December 5,1997
10. What did Chawla say on being selected again to go into space?
On being selected again to go into space, Kalpana Chawla thought of looking at Earth, and the stars at night.
The speed of Earth and the awe it inspired in her mind.
Prose - 2
1. What was the agreement between Antonio and Shylock?
Antonio should repay the money within three months. If he could not do that, Shylock would cut a pound of
flesh from Antonio‟s body.
2. Why did Portia’s father leave a test for the suitors?
Portia‟s father thought that it was difficult to choose the right man for his daughter. So he left a test for her suitors.
3. Why was Antonio unable to pay his debt?
Antonio‟s ships were lost at sea. So he could not pay his debt.
4. Who was Nerissa and whom did she marry?
Nerissa was Portia‟s maid. She married Bassanio‟s friend, Gratiano.
5. How according to Portia, is mercy “twice blessed” ?
Mercy blesses the giver and the receiver. Thus it is “twice blessed”
Prose - 3
1. How much land did Kesavan Nair cultivate?
Kesavan Nair cultivated fifty-para paddy field.
2. Who did that land belong to?
The land belonged to a Thirumulpad in Vaikom
3. Why was the crop in Kesavan Nair’s field not as healthy as the crops in the other fields?
Kesavan Nair didn‟t use fertilizers. He couldn‟t water the field and drain the surplus water in time. So the
crop in his field was not as healthy as he crops in the other fields.
4. Who cultivated the lands around Kesavan Nair’s “50”?
Outhakutty cultivated the lands around Kesavan Nair‟s „50‟.
5. Why did Outhakutty’s servant and Kesavan Nair quarrel?
Outside Kesavan Nair‟s field there was water. But Kesavan Nair‟s field was parched dry. So he cut in the
mud-bund to let water in. But Outhakutty‟s servant seald it up. So they quarrelled.
6. Who had actually breached the mud banks? Outhakutty had breached the mud banks.
7. “Why toil so much in your old age”? What does Outhakutty want Kesavan Nair to do?
Outhakutty wants Kesavan Nair to hand over the field to him
8. Why did the reapers refuse to harvest Kesavan Nair’s field that season?
Kesavan Nair‟s field crop was very bad. So the reapers refused to harvest Kesavan Nair‟s field that season.
9. Why does Thirumulpad give the land to Outhakutty?
Kesavan Nair could not pay the lease-rent to Thirumulpad. So Thirumulpad gave the land Outhakutty.
37 to 40 Explain with Reference to the Context - ERC (any 3): (Poetry Section)
II. Explain any three (3) of the following with reference to the context. (Question No 40 is compulsory) 3 x 3 = 9
37. “There‟s something for all of us here” 38. “Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks”
39. “The music in my heart I bore 40. “In a wonderland they lie,
Long after it was heard no more” Dreaming as the days go by”
Poetry gFjpapy; cs;s ERC tpdhf;fis gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;
Poem-1
1. I‟ll be centre of my gravity, a universe of one,
Setting off to outer space tomorrow morning
Context: Poem: Off to outer space tomorrow morning
Poet: Norman Nicholson
Explanation: As the poet is going to space the tomorrow morning, there is no day and night in the space. No
body can visit him. So the central body of the poet will be attracted by the earth.
2. And when the rockets thrust me on my trans-galactic hop

With twenty hundred light-years before the first stop
Context: Poem: Off to outer space tomorrow morning
Poet: Norman Nicholson
Explanation: The poet is going to space the tomorrow morning. While travelling in the space, the rockets will
travel at a high speed and cross the galaxies. It reaches its destination after 2000 light years.
Poem-2
1. “Which alters when it alteration finds
Or bends with the remover to remove.
Context: Poem: Sonnet No:116
Poet: William Shakespeare
Explanation: The poet says that true love never changes in any circumstances. Whatever may happen, true
love remains and unchanging. It cannot be removed by others by any way.
2. „It is the star to every wond‟ring bark

Whose worth‟s unknown, although his height be taken
Context: Poem: Sonnet No: 116
Poet: William Shakespeare
Explanation: True love is compared to the pole star. The pole-star acts as a guide and helps drifting about the
sea. One‟s love can be easily understand, but the value of true love cannot be measured.
3. “Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks”
Context: This line is taken from the poem „Sonnet no:116‟ Written by William Shakesphere.
Explanation: The poet says that true love never changes in any circumstances. Whatever may happen, true
love remains and unchanging. True love cannot be changed by time or any way.
Poem-3
1. No nightingale did ever chaunt
More welcome notes to weary bands
Context: Poem: The solitary reaper
Poet: William Wordsworth
Explanation: The poet compares the song of the reaper to the nightingale. The nightingale sings sweetly to
delight the weary Arabian travellers. But the song of the solitary reaper is more delightful than
the song of the nightingale.
2. „The music in my heart I bore

Long after it was heard no more”
Context: Poem: The solitary reaper
Poet: William Wordsworth
Explanation: The poet was moved by the song of the solitary reaper. As he mounted up the hill the song
faded away. But he could not forget the sweet song. It is running in his heart.
QN NO PART - D ENGLISH
41 - 47 FIVE MARK QUESTIONS PAPER I
7 x 5 = 35
41. Prose Paragraph (either..or..type)
42. Poem Paragraph (either..or..type)
43. a) to e) Correct the errors (or)
Edit the passage
44. 1) to 5) Fill …Prepositions (or)
1) to 5) Fill …Tense forms
45. a) to e) Match the given sentence with their fields (or)
1) to 5) Complete (Fill) the news item with the words given.
46. a) to e) Replace American English words with British Words (or)
a) to e) Form 2 derivatives for each word
47. a) to e) Supply (Fill) suitable modal / quasi-modal verbs (or)
i) Use the given word as noun,verb,adjective and write (3) own sentences.
ii) (Fill – the two given) Homophones
41. Prose Paragraph (Prose section)

Prose gFjpapypUe;J ,uz;L gj;jp tpdhf;fs; nfhLj;jpUg;ghu;fs;. ,uz;by; xd;wDf;F
gjpyspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Answer the following questions. Write a paragraph in about 150 words.
41. What predictions does Kesavan Nair make about the fate of the lands in Outhakutty‟s hands? (or)
The proven techniques that will help one achieve success and happiness in life.
Prose gFjpapy; nkhj;jk; 6 ghlq;fs; cs;sd. ngUk;ghYk; ,jpy; cs;s ,uz;L
tpdhf;fspy; xd;W 1>2>3 ghlq;fspypUe;Jk; kw;nwhd;W 4>5>6 ghlq;fspypUe;Jk; Nfl;fg;gLk;.
vdNt Kjy; %d;W ghlq;fspy; cs;s gj;jptpdhf;fis ed;F gbj;Jf;nfhz;lhy; ,jpy;
cs;s xU tpdhTf;F gjpyspj;Jtplyhk;. vdNt Kjy; %d;W ghlq;fspy; cs;s gj;jp
tpdhf;fis ed;F gbj;Jitj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Prose-1
1. Write a paragraph on Chawla‟s early life, education?
Kalpana Chawla‟s strong desire was to travel beyond the blue sky. She desired to touch the stars some day.
Chawla stepped into the space twice. It proved to be a real leap for womankind. In India during summer
kalpana often slept in the countryard. At that time she gazed dreamily at the milky way. That sense of awe
for the heavens began then. With single mind she determined to be an astronaut. She got the grit from her
father. She maintained a brilliant academic record. She graduated from Tagore school in karnal. She studied
aeronautical engineering in the Punjab engineering college. She studied her M.Sc in aerospace Engineering
from Texas university. She got her Doctorate of philosophy in aerospace engineering from colorada
University
2. Write a paragraph on Chawla‟s achievements on space?

In 1994, Chawla was selected as an astronaut by NASA. In 1996 her dream became true. She started off on
her path to Milky Way. She was selected for the Columbia mission. She became the first Indian-American
woman fly in the U.S space shuttle. Chawla‟s second space-flight began on January 16 th 2003. It was
dedicated science and research mission. The Columbia shuttle was returning to earth, but before landing the
space shuttle exploded. Kalpana chawla died unfortunate death. Space flight was men‟s domain. But chawla
a woman carved an identity for herself she is an icon to every Indian girl
Prose-2
1. Write a paragraph on Shylock‟s character.
William Shakespeare has written 37 plays. “The merchant of Venice” is one of the best comedies. Bassanio was in
need of some amount to marry Portia. Antonio was his friend and he was the merchant of Venice. Bassanio
told his friend Antonio that he was in need of money to marry Portia. But Antonio had no money at that time. So
he borrowed the amount from the Jew Shylock to help his friend. As Antonio had a loss in his business, he could
not repay his money to Shylock. In the event of not repaying the amount, Shylock would take a pound of
flesh from Antonio‟s body as per the agreement. Because he did not pay the borrowed money in time.
2. Write a paragraph on the quality of mercy.

Portia disguised herself as a male lawyer and her friend as the clerk in the court of Venice. She expressed the
qualities of mercy not justice to Shylock. But she did not compel him. She argues that mercy is spontaneous.
It blesses the receiver as well as the giver. Mercy is twice blessed. Mercy makes a person like a monarch
king. Portia kindly asked Shylock to get twice the money given by Bassanio. But Shylock wanted only a
pound of flesh from Antonio‟s body. Atlast, Portia allowed him to take a pound of flesh without shedding a
single drop of blood from Antonio‟s body. Shylock was shocked to hear this. Portia says that the Jew
deserves penalty, not money. Thus she turns the tables on the cruel Jew.
Prose-3
1. Describe how the arch diplomat Outhakutty tried to take over the field of Kesavan Nair
Kesavan Nair cultivated fifty para paddy field. The land belonged to a Thirumulpad in Vaikom. But Kesavan
Nair had been cultivation it for forty years. Kesavan Nair did not use fertilisers. He could not water the field
and drain the surplus water in time. So the crop in his fields was not as healthy as the crop in other fields.
Once Kesavan Nairs‟s field was submerged in water. He did not know what to do. But somehow the water
had drained away that night. Kesavan Nair was afraid. The weight of the sin would fall on him. But
Outhakutty came there so, Kesavan Nair could hand over the field to him. But Kesavan Nair refused.
2. Describe the incidents leading to Kesavan Nairs‟s land handed over to Outhakutty.
Outhakutty‟s crop was in a robust condition. But the crop in Kesavan Nair‟s field was very bad. So the
reapers refused to harvest Kesavan Nairs‟s field that season. Somehow Kesavan Nair managed to reap the
field with the help of his family members. He went to Vaikom and paid the lease-rent to the landlord. The
entire crop was just sufficient for the payment. Thirumulpad was not satisfied with the offer. Her urged
Kesavan Nair to relinquish the land as someone was ready to pay a hundred bushels of paddy. Kesavan Nair
understood that it was Outhakutty. He could not pay the lease-rent during that season. He went into hiding.
So Thirumulpad handed over the land to Outhakutty.
42. Poem Paragraph (Poetry section)

Poetry gFjpapypUe;J ,uz;L gj;jp tpdhf;fs; nfhLj;jpUg;ghu;fs;. ,uz;by; xd;wDf;F
gjpyspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Answer the following questions. Write a paragraph in about 150 words. 5
42. Describe the emotions of the Astronaut as expressed in the poem „Off to Outer Space Tomorrow
Morning‟. (or) What are the characteristics of life and that of dream according to the poet.
Poetry gFjpapy; nkhj;jk; 6 ghly;fs; cs;sd. ngUk;ghYk; ,jpy; cs;s ,uz;L
tpdhf;fspy; xd;W 1>2>3 ghly;fspypUe;Jk; kw;nwhd;W 4>5>6 ghly;fspypUe;Jk; Nfl;fg;gLk;.
vdNt Kjy; %d;W ghly;fspy; cs;s gj;jptpdhf;fis ed;F gbj;Jf;nfhz;lhy; ,jpy;
cs;s xU tpdhTf;F gjpyspj;Jtplyhk;. vdNt Kjy; %d;W ghly;fSf;fhd gj;jp
tpdhf;fis ed;F gbj;Jitj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Poem-1
1. Write a paragraph on the poem “Off to outer space tomorrow morning”?
„Off to outer space tomorrow morning‟ is a poem written by Norman Nicholson. As the countdown
begins the poet requests the men to take a last look on him. He requests them to remove his name from the
telephone books. He feels that calendars and clocks are useless. Because there will not be days and nights or
seasons in space. He will nor write any letters because he will not have any friends in space. He says that his
shuttle will look like a prison in which he will be imprisoned all alone. He imagines the tea cups will orbit
around him as planets go around the sun. The people can watch him through the telescope. The people
exploding in anger because he will have his first stop only after a distance of two thousand light years.
Poem-2
1. How does Shakespeare glorify true love in the poem Sonnet No 116?
Shakespeare portrays the depth of true love. Love will not alter at difficult times. If it changes, it is not love
at all. No external forces can change the true love. Even the storm of misfortune cannot drive the lovers. Sailors
can find their direction by the help of stars. The strength of the true love too is immeasurable like the power of
the stars. Love is eternal. Time can spoil the rosy lips and cheeks of a beautiful lady. But it can never destroy
the beauty of true love. Men may die. But love will remain alive and fresh forever. Shakespeare promises not to
write poems if his words on love are proved to be false.
Poem-3
3. How did Wordsworth react to the song of the solitary reaper?
One day William Wordsworth saw a young lady alone in a field on the highlands of Scotland. She was
cutting and binding the grain. She was working as well as singing. The entire valley was overflowing with her
song. So the poet stopped and listened to the song. According to the poet, her song was more melodious than the
songs of the nightingale, and more thrilling than the songs of the cuckoo birds. The poet could not know the
theme of the song. Her song might be a sad event of the past or about battles long ago. It might be a mourning
song. The poet walked gently away from the solitary reaper who went on singing as if her song had no end. But
he bore her melodious song in his heart forever.
43. Correct the Errors in Sentences (or) Correct and Edit a Passage:
43. Spot the errors in the following sentences and correct them.
a) Where is the girl that you were talking to?
b) Though I had a cup of coffee yet I feel tired.
c) You can type quickly, won‟t you?
d) Ten minutes are given to each speaker.
e) My little sister is afraid for cockroaches.
(or)
Correct and edit the following passage.
The 16-day flight began on January 16th 2003 was a dedicated science and research machine. A crew successfully
conducted 80 esperiments. On February 1st 2003, a breezy blue day over Florida, during entry, the space shuttle
explodes into a ball of fire, sixteen minutes prior than scheduled landing.
Kjy; gFjpapy; thf;fpaq;fs; nfhLj;jpUg;ghu;fs; mjid rupnra;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
,uz;lhtJ gFjpapy; Optional tpdhthf xU gj;jp nfhLj;jpUg;ghu;fs;. mjpy; cs;s
gpioahd thu;j;ijfis fz;Lgpbj;J jpUj;jp vOj Ntz;Lk;. ,t;tpdhtpy; VNjDk; xU
gFjp tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
43A. Correct the Errors in Sentences:
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaj;jpy; cs;s jtWfis jpUj;jp rupahf vOj Ntz;Lk;.
,e;j gapw;rpapy; 1) Tense 2) Singular-Plural 3) Degrees 4) Articles
5) Prepositions 6) Conjunction 7) If clause 8) Phrases
vd;gJ Nghd;w jiyg;Gfspy; jtwhf thf;fpaq;fs; nfhLj;jpUg;ghu;fs;. mjid rupnra;a Ntz;Lk;
Type Wrong Sentence (jtW) Right Sentence (rup) Reason (fhuzk;)

Many people behaves rudely Many people behave rudely Many people-plural vdNt verb -
now-a-days. now-a-days. ypUe;J s-I ePf;fNtz;Lk;.
Money-Singular vdNt
Money make many things. Money makes many things.
verb cld; s Nru;f;fNtz;Lk;.
Each of the cycles is Each of the cycles - Singular
Each of the cycles are
damaged. damaged. (xt;nthUirf;fpSk; vdNt are-I is-Mf khw;w
NrjKw;W ,Uf;fpwJ) Ntz;Lk;.
Cycles - Plural vdNt is-I are-
Cycles is damaged. Cycles are damaged.
Mf khw;w Ntz;Lk;.
The furniture were displayed The furniture was displayed Furniture - Singular vdNt
at the showroom. at the showroom. were-I was-Mf khw;wyhk;.
,q;F NkNd[u; jhd; main
subject -,J Singular vdNt
Neither the secretary nor the Neither the secretary nor the
were-I was Mf khw;w
manager were available. manager was available.
Ntz;Lk;. (present tense-y; are
Tense
,Ue;jhy; is vOJf.)
I hear a strange noise/ I am I hearing tuhJ. I hearmy;yJ
I hearing a strange noise.
hearing a strange noise. I am hearing-jhd; rup.
He is having a large family. He has a large family. has vd;gNj rup.
anyone-vd;gij Singular-
Have any one seen my purse? Has any one seen my purse?
Mfj;jhd; fUjNtz;Lk;.
last week-past tense vdNt saw
I have seen the film last week. I saw the film last week.
vd;gNj rup.
She has been sleeping for For five hours –present perfect
She is sleeping for five hours.
five hours. continuous vdNt …..
I would accept the offer, if I I would accept the offer, if I ehd; ePahf ,Ue;jhy;
was you? were you? (you-f;F were).
The police has made several The police have made The police (Nghyp]; ,dk;)-
arrests. several arrests. Plural vdNt have-jhd; rup.
No news are good news. No news is good news. News vd;gJ singular.
We should helped the poor. We should help the poor. should-f;F gpwF present verb.
ngz;fspy; xUtu; vd;gjhy;.
Singular –
One of the girl sang well. One of the girls sang well.
Plural
I received some informations. I received some information. ,jw;F plural fpilahJ.

Each of the cycles is irf;fps;fs; xt;nthd;Wk;
Each of the cycle is damaged.
damaged. vd;gjhy;.
Kala is the tallest girl in
Kala is tallest girl in the class …est -f;F Kd;dhy; the.
the class.
Degrees My uncle is richest man in My uncle is the richest Superlative …est -f;F
the village. man in the village. Kd;dhy; the NghlNtz;Lk;.
Chennai is one of the Chennai is one of the ngupa efuq;fspy; xd;W
biggest city in India. biggest cities in India. vdNt cities-Plural.
Nithya is taller to Nivi. Nithya is taller than Nivi. ..er-f;F gpwF than.
Ramu is a honest man. Ramu is an honest man. Vowel sound-f;F Kd;dhy; an
A American lives near my An American lives near Vowel sound-f;F Kd;dhy;
house. my house. an Nghl Ntz;Lk;
He joined an European He joined a European A-consonant sound vdNt a
European jhd; rup
Articles
University. University.
He started to USA He started to the USA USA, UK, UAE …. -f;F
yesterday. yesterday. Kd;dhy; the NghlNtz;Lk;
Do you know which is Do you know which is the xNu cyfk; vdNt the
world‟s tallest building? world‟s tallest building? world–jhd; rup
He is good athlete. He He is a good athlete. He mtd; xU(a) ey;y
performs well performs well. tpisahl;L tPud;
The dog fell along the river. The dog fell into the river. cs;Ns - into
I prefer coffee than tea. I prefer coffee to tea. prefer te;jhy; - to
Prepositions
He told to me a story. He told me a story. told f;Fg; gpwF to Njitapy;iy

He is suffering with typhoid. He is suffering from typhoid. ilgha;L fha;r;ryhy; (from)
I place great confidence on I place great confidence in cd;dpy; ek;gpf;if
you. you. itf;fpNwd; in you-jhd; rup
I believe on God. I believe in God. in God-jhd; rup
Though he is rich, he is Though, but ,uz;Lk; tuf;
Though he is rich but he is
Conjuctions
unhappy / He is rich but $lhJ VjhtJ xd;Wjhd;

unhappy.
he is unhappy. tuNtz;Lk;.
Looking through the Looking through the Looking through the window-
window and he saw the window, he saw the phrase mjw;;F gpwF and
stranger. stranger. Njitapy;iy
If I were a bird I would If I were a bird, I would If clause-y; past tUk; NghJ
If Clause
have escaped. escape. would + base verb-jhd; tUk;

If clause-y; past perfect tUk;
If you had worked hard, you If you had worked hard,
NghJ would have+ pp verb
would pass you would have passed
jhd; rup
We did not reject the We neither rejected the Neither…nor…,J xU
Phrases
proposal, nor we accepted it proposal; nor did we accept it. phrase ,q;F ,JNt Kiw
Instead of the rain the In spite of the rain the kio nga;j NghJk; - In
match continued match continued spite of -jhd; rup
Exercise – 1:
a) My children go to school by foot. a) My children go to school on foot.
b) Mohana is one of the best student in her class. b) Mohana is one of the best students in her class.
c) Though Raju is poor but he is happy. c) Though Raju is poor, he is happy. / Raju is
d) We can speak the English fluently. poor but he is happy.
e) No one know the secret password. d) We can speak English fluently.
e) No one knows the secret password.
Exercise – 2:
a) He joined an European University last year. a) He joined a European University last year.
b) One of the boy has got the first prize. b) One of the boys has got the first prize.
c) Children prefer toys than books. c) Children prefer toys to books.
d) Sheela purchased furnitures from the shop. d) Sheela purchased furniture from the shop.
e) Eventhough he walked fast but he missed the bus. e) Eventhough he walked fast, he missed the
bus. / He walked fast but he missed the bus.
Exercise – 3:
a) The Theory of Economics are confusing. a) The Theory of Economics is confusing.
b) Yellow River is the second longest river in China. b) The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
c) Despite being old and he is active. c) Despite being old, he is active.
d) Rini always speaks the truth, don‟t he ? d) Rini always speaks the truth, doesn’t he ?
e) His father met in an accident. e) His father met with an accident.
Exercise – 4:
a) Neither of your suggestions are practical a) Neither of your suggestions is practical.
b)The three brothers shared the property between themselves b) The three brothers shared the property among
c) Although he came late but he finished the work in time themselves.
c) Although he came late, he finished the work in time.
/ He came late but he finished the work in time.
d) If they had contacted me, I would help them
d) If they had contacted me, I would have helped
them. / If they contacted me, I would help them.
e) The horse which I rode ran fastly. e) The horse which I rode ran fast.
Exercise – 5:
a) Everyone admire the Taj Mahal. a) Everyone admires the Taj Mahal.
b) The wages of sin are death b) The wages of sin is death.
c) If had time, I would have taught you c) If had time, I would teach you.
d) Supposing if you go to the library, return this book. d) If you go to the library, return this book.
e) An apple a day keeps a doctor away e) An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
43B. Correct and Edit a Passage:

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gj;jpapy; cs;s jtWfis fz;Lgpbj;J jpUj;jp rupahf vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Sample Exercise:
1. The 16-day flight began on January 16th 2003 was a dedicated science and research machine . A crew
successfully conducted 80 esperiments. On February 1st 2003, a breezy blue day over Florida, during entry, the
space shuttle explodes into a ball of fire, sixteen minutes prior than scheduled landing.
Answer: 1. mission 2. The 3. experiments 4. exploded 5. to
2. Antonio, merchant of Venise, and Bassanio are very close friend. Bassanio needs money to marry a healthy lady
in Belmont named portia. He borrows money from cunning, Jewish money lender call Shylock.
Answer: 1.Venice 2.friends 3.wealthy 4.Portia 5. called
3. That question struck Kesavan Nair‟s heart. The neighbouring former insinuates that the pady he cultivates is
inferior in growth! “After you big guys came, can we drain out the water at the right times No time is convenient
enough to you. We can do form work only at your convenience.”
Answer: 1. farmer 2. paddy 3. times? 4. for 5. farm
4. By the professor Rinaldi came for England, Mr. Henderson was tried of laughing and needed simpathy. Rinaldi,
whom Mrs. Henderson called a Italian, was a man on great learning and artistic insight.
Answer: 1. for 2. tired 3. sympathy 4. the 5. of
5. Specific goals were better than general ones. Self-chosen gaols are better than asigned ones. Chose goals
that are chellanging but reachable. Write down your short term but long term goals. This will help you in
establishing priorities and in deciding on the actions that you must engage in.
Answer: 1. are 2. goals 3. choose 4. challanging 5. and
6. Any organization, society or even a nation with a vision is like the ship cruising on the high seas without
any aim or direction. It is clarity of national vision which canstantly drives a people towards the goal.
Answer: 1. organisation 2. without 3. the 4. constantly 5. the
7. Some people feels that the money spent on space travel is the waste. They say it could be used to help the
poors. It is truth that the poor needs help, But it also true that man‟s knowledge must grew. We has to learn
much and more. Space travel has opened the doors to new and interesting discoveries. Theses persuit of
knowledge is necesary even if it is expensive.
Answer: 1. feel 2. poor 3. need 4. have 5. necessary
8. Some even laugh at space scientists. People has always laughed at new ideas an daring experiments. Galileo
was laughed at when he say that the earth went round sun. Louis Pasteur was laughed at far saying that
smell germs was present everywhere, which could be seen threw a microscope. Ultimately Galileo and
Pasteur proved to be right
Answer: 1. have 2. said 3. the sun 4. for 5. through
44. Prepositions (or) Tense forms:

44. Fill in the blanks suitable prepositions.
…(1)…. he died, Portia‟s father, realizing her difficulty ….(2) …. choosing the right man, had left a test
….(3)….suitors. Each man was to be presented …..(4)…..three baskets of gold, silver and lead. …..
(5)….one of them was Portia‟s picture. (or) Answers: 1. Before 2. in 3. for 4. with 5. Inside
Fill in the blanks with suitable tense form of the verbs given in brackets.
He …..(1)…(remind) himself that facts ….(2)…(be) universal property, and it …(3)…(be) no matter who
…(4)..(give) them to the world. But ideas ...(5)….(shall) there not be some copyright in ideas?
Answers: 1. reminded 2. are 3. is 4. gives 5. should
Kjy; gFjpapy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gj;jpapy; cs;s Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis rupahd Preposition nfhz;L epug;g
Ntz;Lk;. ,uz;lhtJ gFjpapy; Optional tpdhthf nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gj;jpapy; cs;s Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis
rupahd Tense form nfhz;L epug;g Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; VNjDk; xU gFjp tpdhTf;F kl;Lk; tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
44A. Prepositions:
,lr;nrhw;fs; NkNy> fPNo> cs;Ns> ntspNa Nghd;wit Prepositions MFk;.
No Prepositions Example sentence Tamil meaning
Place cs;Ns The ball is in the box. me;jg; ge;J ngl;bapd; cs;Ns ,Uf;fpwJ.
1 in Time y; My brother will visit me in May. vd; rNfhjud; vd;id Nk khjj;jpy; re;jpg;ghd;.
Place NkNy The book is on the table. me;j Gj;jfk; Nki[apd; Nky; ,Uf;fpwJ.
2 on Time md;W I will meet you on Monday. ehd; jpq;fs; md;W cd;idr; re;jpf;fpNwd;.
Place f;Fs; Our head office is at Madurai. ekJ jiyik mYtyfk; kJiuap;y; cs;sJ.
3 at Time f;F The meeting started at 5.p.m. $l;lk; 5 kzpf;Fj; njhlq;fpaJ.
Time Mf I‟ve been waiting for 5 hours. ehd; 5 kzpNeukhf fhj;jpUe;Njd;.
4 for Noun f;fhf This pencil is for my sister. ,e;j ngd;rpy; vd; rNfhjupf;fhf ,Uf;fpwJ.
Place mUNf She lived by the sea. mts; flypd; mUfpy; FbapUe;jhs;.
5 by Time kzpf;Fs; I‟ll meet you by 4 O‟clock. ehd; 4 kzpf;Fs; cd;idr; re;jpf;fpNwd;.
Noun My; The letter was written by me. me;jf;fbjk; vd;dhy; vOjg;gl;lJ.
Place ,ypUe;J I‟m from Tanjore. ehd; jQ;rhT+upypUe;J tUfpNwd;.
6 from Time ,ypUe;J Our special class is from 7 to 8 a.m. rpwg;G tFg;G 7 kzpapypUe;J 8 tiu cs;sJ
Noun kpUe;J I got the book from Sudha. RjhtplkpUe;J Gj;jfj;ij thq;fpNdd;.
Place f;F I went to Vellore. ehd; NtY}Uf;Fr; nrd;Nwd;.
7 to Time tiu The visiting hour is 4 to 5 p.m. ghu;itahsu; Neuk; khiy 4 Kjy; 5kzp tiu.
Noun f;F She sent the letter to Kavitha. ftpjhTf;F mts; fbjk; mDg;gpdhs;.
8 since Time ypUe;J We‟ve been living here since 2011 2011ypUe;J ,q;F trpj;Jf;nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk;.
**(at-Fwpg;gpl;l ,lk;. in-ngupa ,lj;Jf;Fs; ,Ug;gJ Ex. The school is at Woraiyur in Trichy)
No Prepositions Example sentence Tamil meaning
1 about gw;wp Nobody knows anything about Ravi. utpia gw;wp xUtUf;Fk; xd;Wk; njupatpy;iy.
2 above NkNy God is above all of us. flTs; midj;Jf;Fk; NkNy ,Uf;fpwhu;.
The government built a bridge
3 across FWf;Nf muR me;j Mw;wpd; FWf;Nf ghyk; fl;baJ.
across the river.
4 after gpwF Meet me after your meal. cdJ czTf;F gpwF vd;idr; re;jp.
topahf/ Haris walked along the railway `hup]; ,uapy; ghijapd; topahf nrd;whd;./
5 along Xuj;jpy; track./ Balu stood along the road. ghY rhiy Xuj;jpy; epd;whd;.
6 among ,ilNa They discussed it among themselves. mtu;fs; mtu;fSf;fpilNa tpthjpj;jhu;fs;.
Kd;
You should enter the class before ePq;fs; kzpabg;gjw;F Kd;djhf tFg;Gf;Fs;
7 before
the bell. Eioe;J tpl Ntz;Lk;
The boy always stands behind his me;jg; igad; vg;NghJk; mtd; jhapd;
8 behind gpd;Gwk;
mother. gpd;Gwk; epw;fpwhd;.
9 below fPNo Answer the questions given below. fPo;f;fhZk; tpdhf;fSf;F gjpy; msp
The teacher stands between Ramu Mrpupau; uhKTf;Fk; NrhKf;Fk; ,ilapy;
10 between ,ilapy;
and Somu. epw;fpwhu;.
11 down fPNo Get down from the tree. kuj;jpypUe;J fPNo ,wq;F.
12 in front of Kd;Gwk; He stands in front of me. mtd; vdf;F Kd;Gwk; epw;fpwhd;.
cs;Sf;
13 into Fs; The Tiger fell into the well. Gyp fpzw;Wf;Fs; tpOe;jJ.
14 near mUfpy; Our house is near our school. vq;fs; tPL gs;spf;F mUfpy; cs;sJ.
f;fhd>
15 of cila This is a school of fine arts. ,J Ez;fiyfSf;fhd fy;tpf;$lk.;
16 off epWj;J The teacher switched off the light. Mrpupau; me;j tpsf;if mizj;jhu;.
17 over NkNy Birds fly over the tree. gwitfs; me;j kuj;Jf;F NkNy gwf;fpd;wd.
18 through Clhf The car went through a narrow street. fhu; xU FWfpa njUtpd; Clhfr; nrd;wJ.
19 under fPo; The ball is under the table. me;j ge;J Nki[apd; mbapy; cs;sJ.
20 up NkNy Balu went up the hill. ghY kiyapd;; NkNy Vwpdhd;.
21 upon kPJ The tree fell upon me. me;j kuk; vd; kPJ tpOe;J tpl;lJ.
22 with cld; I went to Chennai with my daddy ehd; vd; mg;ghTld; nrd;idf;F nrd;Nwd;
23 beside mUfpy; The car is parked beside the tent. fhu; $lhuj;jpd; mUfpy; epWj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
24 since ypUe;J He has been living here since 2000 mtd; 2000ypUe;J ,q;F trpj;J tUfpwhd;
Exercise: Fill in the blanks with suitable Prepositions.
1. Kalpana Chawla was born ….(1)…. the 1 st of July 1961, ….(2)…. a middle-class family, as the youngest
…..(3)….. four siblings. She maintained a brilliant academic record …..(4)….. school. She took part
…..(5)….almost everything. Answer: 1. on 2. into 3. of 4. throughout 5. in
2. ……(1)… he died, Portia‟s father, realising her difficulty ….(2)……chossing right man, had left a test
….(3)….. her suitors. Each man was to be presented ….(4)….three caskets, of gold, silver and lead.
….(5)…..one of them was Portia‟s picture. Answer: 1. Before 2. in 3. for 4. with 5. Inside
3. Two days passed thus.On the third day, …..(1)…..the morning, ……(2)….. anyone woke up, Kesavan Nair
went ….(3)…..the field and looked around. The weak shoots, which had been flattened …….(4)… the
ground, had started rising up, ….(5)…the sun‟s warmth. Answer: 1. in 2. before 3. to 4. to 5. in
4. „Empoli is a quanit old town not untinged …..(1)… the modern sprit,‟ interrupted their son, who was
reading ……(2)….of Lady Anstey‟s book …(3)….the nasal twang that is considered humorous …(4)…..
the young. “Here …..(5)…. 1409‟--then a long note saying why not in 1429-”
Answer: 1. with 2. out 3. in 4. by 5. in
5. The road to success is not a bed ……(1)….roses. It is full ….(2)….thorns, pitfalls and gins. only those who
wade ……(3)…. the hazards and hurdles …..(4)….grit and determination could smell success. Have you the
determination …(5)…..succeed? Answer: 1. of 2. of 3. through 4. with 5. to
6. The next question that comes…(1)….the mind is, how can it be made possible? We have to build and
strengthen our national infrastructure …(2)… an all-round manner, ….(3)…a big way. Therefore, we should
build …(4)….our existing strengths including the vast pool …(5)…talented scientists and technologists.
Answer: 1. to 2. in 3. in 4. around 5. of
44B. Tense forms:

rupahd tpidr;nrhy; tifia (fhyk;) fz;Lgpbj;J mjid vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Fill in the blanks with suitable tense form of the verbs given in brackets.
He …..(1)…(remind) himself that facts ….(2)…(be) universal property, and it …(3)…(be) no matter who
…(4)..(give) them to the world. But ideas ...(5)….(shall) there not be some copyright in ideas?
tpid my;yJ nraiyf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhy; tpidr;nrhy; - Verb
xU thf;fpaj;jpy; tpidr; nrhw;fNs fhyj;ijf; fhl;Lk; Kf;fpa gFjpahf mikfpwJ.
,e;j tpdhTf;fhd tpilia vOJk;NghJ tpidr;nrhy;ypd; fhyk;> nra;tpid>
nrag;ghl;L tpid Mfpatw;iwf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L ,e;jg; gapw;rpapid nra;aNtz;Lk;.
Active and Passive Voice in various tenses:
Tenses Active voice Passive voice
Simple present Rani eats a mango. A mango is eaten by Rani.
Simple past Ravi played cricket. Cricket was played by Ravi.
Simple future Ram will drink coffee. Coffee will be drunk by Ram.
Present continuous Rani is eating a mango. A mango is being eaten by Rani.
Past Continuous Ravi was playing cricket. Cricket was being played by Ravi.
*Future Continuous Ram will be drinking coffee. ---no passive---
Present Perfect Rani has eaten a mango. A mango has been eaten by Rani.
Past Perfect Ravi had played cricket. Cricket had been played by Ravi.
Future Perfect Ravi will have played cricket. Cricket will have been played cricket.
**Perfect Continuous Tense-f;F Passive form fpilahJ
Rygkhf epidtpy; itj;Jf;nfhs;s:
Present – is / are
Simple Tenses Past - was / were +PP(V3)
Future – will be
Continuous Tenses „being‟ + PP(V3)
Perfect Tenses „been‟
Active and Passive voice-,g;gbj;jhd; ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;:
TENSE ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
Simple Present V1 / V1+s / V1+es am / is / are + V3
Simple Past V2 was / were + V3
Simple Future shall / will + V1 shall/will+ be + V3
Present Continuous am / is / are + V +ing am / is / are + being +V3
Past Contiuous was / were + V +ing was / were + being +V3
Future Continuous shall/will + be +V +ing NO PASSIVE
Present Perfect have / has + V3 have / has + been + V3
Past Perfect had + V3 had + been + V3
Future Perfect shall/will+have + V3 shall/will +have + been + V3
Present Perfect Continuous have/has + been + V +ing NO PASSIVE
Past Perfect Continuous had + been + V +ing NO PASSIVE
Future Perfect Continuous shall/will + have +been + V +ing NO PASSIVE
(V1 – Present form of the verb, V2 - Past form of the verb, V3 – Past Participle form of the verb)
Examples:
1. Water _____(collect) in the tank.
2. A wide variety of liquids ____ (use) in chemical plants.
3. Technology ____ (describe) as the application of scientific knowledge.
4. In primitive times, stone implements ____ (employ) to kill animals.
5. In the last meeting, the blue print of the proposed holiday home work ____ (show)
6. One thousand internet connections ____ (give) in Pollachi by the end of December 2013.
7. The experiment had to ____ (stop) because of power failure.
8. English _______ (speak) all over the world by millions of people.
9. Pictures are ______ (take) to monitor planetary positions.
10. Metals have _______ (replace) by plastics.
Answer:
1. is collected 2. is used 3. is described 4. were employed 5. was shown
6. were given 7. be stopped 8. is spoken 9. taken 10. been replaced
Exercises:
Fill in the blanks with suitable Tense form of the verbs given in brackets.
1. She …(1)….(yearn) for a second chance. The chance ….(2)….(come) in 2000, when she ..(3)…(assign) to
the crew of STS-107 scheduled for launch in 2003. Once again she ..(4)…(succeed). It ..(5)…(be) not only
good fortune, but also her having worked very, very hard.
Answer: 1. yearned 2. came 3. was assigned 4. had succeeded 5. was
2. As the merry-making commences, there …(1)….(come) a letter from Antonio. His ships ….(2)….(be) lost
at sea, and hence unable to ….(3)….(pay) his debt, he has to keep his word with Shylock, and offer him a
pound of his flesh. Portia …..(4)…(offer) money but Shylock ….(5)….(insist) on a pound of Antonio‟s
flesh as mentioned in the bond. Answer: 1. comes 2. are 3. pay 4. offers 5. insists
3. Some ten years ago, when paddy prices …(1)…..(be) as high as five to seven rupees a bushel, rich people
from Changanassery and Thiruvalla, …..(2)……(come) there for paddy cultivation. They …..(3)…..(get) on
lease, groups of paddy fields. They ….(4)….(use) a tractor for deep-ploughing and new fertilisers, to
……(5)…..(produce) bumper crops. Answer: 1. were 2. had come 3. got 4. used 5. produce
4. When Lady Anstey‟s book on Giovanni da Empoli ……(1)…. (publish), Mr.Henderson ….(2)….(find) in it
much that …..(3)……(need) forgiveness. His friend ….(4)…..(not write) as charmingly as she
……(5)…….(talk). Answer: 1. was published 2. found 3. needed 4. didnot write 5. talked
5. Edison and his staff ……(1)……(conduct) 17,000 experiments which ….(2)….(fail) before they
….(3)…..(succeed) in the one experiment which ……(4)……(enable) them to extract latex in substantial
quantities from just one variety of plant, which …..(5)……(be) worth the 17,000 failures!
Answer: 1. conducted 2. failed 3. succeeded 4. enabled 5. was
6. One generation …..(1)……(transfer) the fruits of its toil to another which then ……(2)…..(take) forward
the mission. As the coming generation also …..(3)….(have) its dreams had aspirations for the nation‟s
future, it therefore …..(4)….(add) something from its side to the national vision; which the next generation
strives hard to …..(5)…..(achieve) Answer: 1. transfers 2. takes 3. has 4. adds 5. achieve
45. Sentence - Field Matching (or) Completing the News item:

45. Match each of the following sentences with the suitable field in the list given below.
a) We took a bus to the Chepauk Stadium and proceeded to the beach on foot.
b) Violent storms are predicted in coastal areas tomorrow.
c) Swami Dayanand who founded the Arya Samaj wanted to put an end to idol worship.
d) Roger Federer wins Wimbledon for a record eighth time.
e) The judge dismissed the case due to lack of evidence. (Religion, Sports, Travel, Law, Weather) (or)
Complete the news item with the words given in the list.
A final year medical college student died on the spot, after he fell of moving train, while …(1)….. hanging
out of it and trying to take a ….(2)… The …(3)….took place near Bhopal Station on Sunday morning when
the, …(4)…..train was passing through the ….(5)…. (selfie, suburban, allegedly, incident, tunnel)
Kjy; gFjpapy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaq;fis mitfspy; JiwfNshL nghUj;jp vOj Ntz;Lk;. ,uz;lhtJ
Optional tpdhthf nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s nra;jpj;jhs; gj;jpapy; cs;s Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis rupahd thu;j;ijfisf;
nfhz;L epug;g Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; VNjDk; xU gFjp tpdhTf;F kl;Lk; tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
45A. Sentence – Field Matching

nfhLf;fg;gl;l thf;fpaj;ij thrpj;J mJ ve;jJiw rhu;e;j thf;fpak; vd;gij fz;Lgpbj;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
fPo;fz;l Fwpg;Gfis epidtpy; itj;Jf;nfhz;L tpiliaf; fz;lwpayhk;.
S.No. Field Related Words
1 Agriculture Hybrid, yield, fertilizers, crop, harvest
2 Art Painting
3 Botany plant
4 Business Maruti, dividend
5 Commerce Prices, profit, inflation, share market, shares, Bank
binary system, programming , e-mail, monitor, data
6 Computer
processing, Internet, E-governance
Teacher, curriculum, skills, schools, drop-out, Examination,
7 Education
pedagogical, illiteracy , Slow-learners
8 Environment Biosphere, Global warming, pollution , Ozone
9 History Monarch, rule, king
10 Industry Factory
11 Law Affidavit
12 Literature Plays, novels, rhyme scheme
13 Media Serial
14 Medicine physician , laparoscopic, pills
15 Music Pop music, sing, queen of music, composer
16 Nutrition and Dietetics Food, cholesterol, junk food , Rice, diet
17 Politics Leaders, cabinet, Prime Minister, Election
18 Religion God, pray, temple, church, mosque
19 Science Cloning, Robots
20 Social Service honoured
21 Space Science Comet, Satellite, rocket, missile, space
Referee, boundaries , Grand Slam, match, Championship,
22 Sports
umpires, goal, game, players, sixer, Athletics, race
23 Taxation Pay, income tax,
24 Tourism, Travel fun and fantasy, hotel, visa, bus, holiday, route
25 Weather Fog, rain, Monsoon
Identify each sentence with the field in the list given below, by understanding the word or words serving as the clue.
1. 1. GSLV puts satellite in precise orbit.
2. Farmers are happy with the increase in production.
3. BCCI has cancelled the second Twenty-Twenty International match between West Indies and India.
4. Apple unveils water- resistant iphone 7.
5. Passenger vehicle sales rose almost 17 percent in August- the 14th consecutive month of growth.
(Business, Space, Agriculture, Technology, Sports)
Answers: 1. Space 2. Agriculture 3. Sports 4. Technology 5. Business
2. 1. We can find many archaic words in the works of Shaksperare.
2. Hero Honda has recorded a sales volume of 4 lakh motor cycles.
3. The symbol used at the Olympic Games shows five interlocked rings.
4. Hybrid variety of Tomato gives a good harvest.
5. Thousands of people witness Makara Jothi in Sabarimala. (Business, Sports, Literature, Religion, Agriculture)
Answers: 1. Literature 2. Business 3. Sports 4. Agriculture 5. Religion
3. 1. Satellites are helpful in weather forecast.
2. Good link of roads would help in smooth flow of traffic.
3. Data can be easily transferred by using floppies.
4. I am good at billiards.
5. We watched a thriller movie yesterday. (Media, computer, sports, Transport, Space)
Answers: 1. Space 2. Transport 3. Computer 4. Sports 5.Media
4. 1. Rice contains more carbohydrates.
2. The monitor displays the menu.
3. We go by train to Mysore.
4. Newspapers bring news from all parts of the world.
5. Michael Jackson is known as king of pop. (Travel, Music, Nutrition and Dietetics, Computer, Media)
Answers: 1.Nutrition and Dietetics 2. Computer 3. Travel 4. Media 5. Music
5. 1. Mahatma Gandhi wrote “My Experiments with Truth”.
2. My friend received an e-mail from his brother who is in the U.S.
3. The morning walk keeps us fit.
4. Organic pesticides increase the produce of the land.
5. Objectives should be clear before designing any curriculum. (Health, Education, Literature, Agriculture, Computer)
Answers: 1.Literature 2. Computer 3. Health 4. Agriculture 5. Education
6. 1. China- Russia border trade gets a boost.
2. India bags a gold medal in wrestling.
3. The Health Department is taking remedial measures to curb Ebola infection.
4. Farmers learn mite control measures.
5. English learning lab was opened for the students. (medicine, commerce, agriculture, education, sports)
Answers: 1. Commerce 2. Sports 3. Medicine 4. Agriculture 5. Education
7. 1. The flight was cancelled owing to fog.
2. Cloning has proved that it is possible to replicate human beings.
3. An Indian is invited to referee the French Open.
4. The world will have to live with high oil prices and their negative impact on economic growth.
5. The committee discussed development of ideal teacher training curriculum. (weather, commerce, science, education, sports)
Answers: 1. Weather 2. Science 3. Sports 4.Commerce 5. Education
8. 1. Ram at his fluent best, put Ranjit in his place with three boundaries in one over.
2. The improvement in our margins and profitability has been achieved, overcoming the challenge of record high crude oil prices.
3. The deadlock over the agenda for the peace talks continued with no agreement between the two leaders.
4. The centre was directed to file an affidavit within two days giving, details of the constitutional process it had followed.
5. A hybrid derivative of the cross between CO5 and N331, the improved fooder cowpea is semi-spreading,
erect in early stage of growth and later on creeping. (agriculture, sports, politics, law, commerce)
Answers: 1. Sports 2.Commerce 3. Politics 4. Law 5. Agriculture
9. 1. Walt Disney‟s land of fun and fantasy, the vision that gives pleasure to kids and adults alike turns fifty this year.
2. Maruti Udyog improved its operating margins by 2.4 percent in 2004-05.
3. People use the binary system,which is able to represent any number using only two digits 0 and 1.
4. Every plant organ has a definite form and structure and also performs certain specific functions.
5. An Indian woman was honoured for her leadership in starting a bank for poor women.
(Social Service, Tourism, Business, Botany, Computer)
Answers: 1. Tourism 2. Business 3. Computer 4. Botany 5. Social Service
10. 1. Spicy food can cause acidity in the stomach.
2. On our way to Ooty, we stayed in a hotel for a night.
3. The Agricultural College and Research Institute in Coimbatore has studied the effect of planting system
on yield, quality and economics of banana.
4. Life skills should be realized through curriculum objectives.
5. Halley‟s comet has an orbital period of about 76 years.(Agriculture, Education, Nutrition and Dietetics, Space Science, Travel)
Answers: 1. Nutrition and Dietetics 2. Travel 3. Agriculture 4. Education 5. Space Science
45 B. Completing the News item:

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s nra;jpj;jhs; gj;jpapy; cs;s Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijfs;
njhFg;gpypUe;J nghUj;jkhd thu;j;ijfisf;nfhz;L epug;g Ntz;Lk;.
45. Complete the news item with the words given in the list.
1. A final year medical college student died on the spot, after he fell of moving train, while …(1)….. hanging
out of it and trying to take a ….(2)… The …(3)….took place near Bhopal Station on Sunday morning when
the, …(4)…..train was passing through the ….(5)…. (selfie, suburban, allegedly, incident, tunnel)
Answer: 1. allegedly 2. selfie 3. incident 4. suburban 5. tunnel
2. The notification ……… elections shall definitely be published by September 18 and ……….. shall be
completed by November 17. We are informed that an …….. in a connected issue is listed for hearing before
the ………. on September 6. It is needless to mention that these ………….. will be subject to any orders
that might be passed by the Supreme Court on September 6," the first bench of Chief Justice Indira Banerjee
and Justice M Sundar said. (Supreme Court , announcing , appeal , directions , elections)
Answer: 1. announcing 2. Elections 3. appeal 4. Supreme Court 5. directions
3. The oldest …………. lighthouse in the city, located in the ……….. of the Madras high court, is set to be
inaugurated next week after undergoing a ………... Chief Justice of India Justice Dipak Misra will
inaugurate the ……….. lighthouse during his visit to the city on September 16, said senior advocate N L
Rajah. The ……….. was built in 1844 and functioned till 1894.
(premises , Lighthouse , renovated , makeover ,surviving)
Answer: 1. surviving 2. premises 3. makeover 4. renovated 5. lighthouse
4. Students from Russia and India are building ………. that will provide amateur communication services
including capturing and ………… images from space. The Iskra-5 Cubesat1U is being built by ……….
from Moscow Aviation Institute and nine from Indian cities like Chennai and Bangalore through Space Kidz
India……. the 70th anniversary of ………… relationship between the two countries.
( twenty students , a satellite , diplomatic , transmitting , to mark)
Answer: 1. a satellite2. transmitting 3. twenty students 4. to mark 5. diplomatic
5. i) The headmaster has an excellent …..with his staff.

ii) Giving appreciation is the way to …..desirable behaviour.
iii) For getting a scholarship, you must submit a certificate that you are a …..student.
iv) In view of the acute water scarcity, colleges have been closed ……..
v) While applying for a job, you must prepare an impressive……(reinforce, sinedie, resume, bonafide, rapport)
Answer: 1. rapport 2. reinforce 3. bonafide 4. sinedie 5. resume
6. i) One who is not willing to give or share with others is ……..
ii) One who has strong feelings such as love or anger is …..
iii) One who is more interested in his own thought and does not mix with others is …..
iv) One who slow and unwilling to express opinions is …….
v) One who prefers traditional values to a sudden social change is ……..
(an introvert, mean, reserved, emotional, a conservative)
Answer: 1. mean 2. emotional 3. an introvert 4. reserved 5. a conservative
7. i) The old man was in………..when he lost his grandchild at the fair
ii) The salesman ……… the sales data of his rival company and misused the information to better his sales.
iii)The manager ……… his company‟s success to the hard work of his employees.
iv) Even though he has been living in the U.S for so long, he has retained his Indian culture …… by wesetern influences.
v) You need to be ……….. about the friends you make during your adolescent days.
(attributed, untinged, cautious, anguish, appropriated)
Answer: 1. anguish 2. appropriated 3. attributed 4. untinged 5. cautious
46. American English – British English (or) Derivatives:

46. Replace the American English words with British English words in the following sentences.
a) The soccer is a very thrilling game.
b) The freight train has derailed near the station.
c) My father travels to Boston frequently by airplanes.
d) Don‟t carry heavy luggage during long travels.
e) The pedestrians are instructed to use the subway for crossing the road. (or)
Form two derivatives for each of the following words.
a) direct b) agree c) shame d) perfect d) terror
Kjy; gFjpapy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaq;fspy; cs;s Nfhbl;l American English thu;j;ijfSf;fhd British
English thu;j;ijfis vOj Ntz;Lk;. ,uz;lhtJ Optional tpdhthf nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijfSf;F
Derivatives vOj Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; VNjDk; xU gFjp tpdhTf;F kl;Lk; tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
46A. American & British English :

gy ehl;ltu; mnkupf;fhtpy; FbNawpapUg;gjhy; rpy Mq;fpy thu;j;ijfs; spelling rw;W Rygkhf;fg;gl;L
gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. rpy thu;j;ijfs; KOtJkhf khw;wg;gl;L gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
Nju;tpy; nfhLf;fg;gLk; thf;fpaq;fspy; cs;s thu;j;ijfSf;fhd thu;j;ijfis fz;Lgpbj;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
fPo;f;fhZk; ml;ltizfis ed;F gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Book back List – 1 Book back List – 2 Book back List – 3 Book back List - 4
American British American British American British American British
color colour corn maize antenna aerial baggage luggage
math maths candy sweets fall autumn cell phone mobile phone
honor honour depot terminus cookie biscuit diaper nappy
enroll enrol vacation holiday potato chips crisps sidewalk pavement
traveler traveller oatmeal porridge cutting clipping gasoline petrol
ax axe druggist chemist druggist chemist mail post
defense defence freight goods movie film railroad railway
center centre truck lorry apartment flat candy sweets
mold mould cracker biscuit first floor ground floor faucet tap
skillful skilful escalator lift vacation holiday cab taxi
judgment judgement french-fries chips elevator lift /escalator can tin
focused focussed mail post truck lorry subway underground
46B. Forming Derivatives :

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijfs; xt;nthd;Wf;Fk; ,uz;L Derivatives vOj Ntz;Lk;.
(Form two derivatives for each of the following words)
,q;F nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijfisAk; mNjhL njhlu;Gila Derivatives-fisAk; gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
direct director, direction magic magical, magician
agree agreement , agreed electronic electronical, electronically
shame shameful electric electrical, electrically
perfect perfection, perfectly care careful, careless
terror terrorism, terrorist happy happily, happiness
beauty beautify, beautiful play playful, played
employ employment, employer joy joyful, joyous
poetic poetical, poetically simple simplify, simplicity
mathematics mathematical, mathematically syllable syllabify, syllabification
patriot patriotism, patriotic pure purify , purity
kind kindly, kindness active activate, actively
confuse confusion, confused child children, childhood
friend friendship, friendly fear fearful, fearness
translate translation, translator select selection, selectively
manage manager, management organize organization, organizer
47. Modal/Quasi-Modal Verb (or) Homophones:

47. Supply suitable modal/quasi-modal verb for the following sentences.
a) ………..you direct me to the collector office?
b) We …..respect our elders.
c) You …..come tomorrow if you are unable to finish the task today.
d) I ….visit the gym regularly during holidays.
e) We…….get a hike in our salary this month. (or)
i) Use the word „like‟ as a noun, verb and adjective in your own sentences.
ii) The woman tried to ….. the gold chain from the …….cupboard. (steel, steal)
Kjy; gFjpapy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaq;fspy; cs;s Nfhbl;l ,lq;fspy; Modal/Quasi-Modal verb nfhz;L
epug;g Ntz;Lk;. ,uz;lhtJ Optional tpdhthf nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,uz;L tpdhf;fspy; Kjy; Jiztpdh Noun
form, Verb form, Adjective form njhlu;GilaJ. mjpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s xNu thu;j;ijia Noun-Mff;nfhz;L xU
thf;fpaKk; verb-Mff;nfhz;L kw;nwhU thf;fpaKk; mjid Adjective-Mff;nfhz;L kw;nwhU thf;fpaKk; vOj
Ntz;Lk;. xt;nthU thf;fpaj;jpw;Fk; xU kjpg;ngz;. ,uz;lhtJ Jiztpdh Homophone njhlu;GilaJ.
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thf;fpaj;jpy; cs;s Nfhbl;l ,lq;fis rupahd Homophone nfhz;L epug;g Ntz;Lk;. ,q;F
VNjDk; xU gFjp tpdhTf;F kl;Lk; tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
47A. Modal/Quasi-Modal Verbs :

czu;Tfis (MoodI) ntspg;gLj;j cjTk; tpidr;nrhw;fNs Modal auxiliary verbs MFk;.
,it nray;fisNah(Action wordMfNth)> fhyj;ijNah(TenseIf; fhl;lNth) Fwpg;gpl gad;glhJ.
Modals Semi/Quasi Modals
will, would need
shall,should dare
can,could ought to
may,might used to
must
Modal auxiliaries nfhz;L Nju;tpy; nfhLf;fg;gLk; thf;fpaj;jpd; Nfhbl;l ,lj;ij epug;g Ntz;Lk;.
Example:
1. You ………….love your parents. (Use a semi modal verb)
2. She ………. drawing pictures in her school age. (Use a semi modal verb)
3. You ……..not attend the function.(Use a semi modal verb)
4. You ……… be 18 to become a voter. (Use a modal verb)
5………. I ask you a favour? (Use a modal verb)
6. If you visit us, we …….be happy. (Use a modal verb)
7. Be alert, this ……..happen to anyone. (Use a modal verb)
8. How ……he talked like that? (Use a semi modal verb)
Answer:
1. ought to 2.used to 3.need 4. should 5.May 6.will 7.may 8.dare.
 Modals are 13 in number.
S.No Modals Meaning added to Main verb USAGE
1 Will Futurity(vjpu;fhyk;) They will come tomorrow.
Intention(jpl;lk;) I will dismiss you from service.
Surety(cWjp) I will marry her.
Willingness(tpUg;gk;) I will take this suitcase for you.
Prediction(Kd;$l;bNanrhy;Yjy;) I think Harini will be a great dancer.
Permission(mDkjp NfhUjy;)
Will you give me a hand?
Request(Ntz;LNfhs;)
Seeking-Question (NfhUjy;) Will you type this letter?
2 Would Probability(tha;g;G) I would meet my friend.
Willingness(tpUg;gk;) They would like to go home
Choice(Nju;e;njLj;jy;) I would rather die than marry her.
Regular/habitual
Chinnu would return home and read letters daily.
(tof;fkhf eilngWk; nray;)
Request by questioning (Ntz;LNfhs;) Would you mind moving a bit?
Wishes(tho;j;J) I would like to thank her for her timely help.
Improbable Condition (elf;fhj epge;jid) If I were a bird, I would fly.
Indirect Speech (maw;$w;W) Suba said that she would go to Delhi the week after.
3 Shall Futurity(vjpu;fhyk;) We shall meet our principal tomorrow.
Permission-questions(mDkjp) Shall I close the door?
Suggestion(fUj;J $Wjy;) Shall I apply for a bank loan?
Intention(jpl;lk;) I shall be punished for my misbehavior.
4 Should Insistence(typAWj;jy;) You should come in your uniform.
Obligation(flik) Children should obey their parents
Advice(mwpTWj;jy;) They should have sold the house.
Duty(flik) You should attend the class regularly.
Responsibility(nghWg;G) He should be in the office now.
Prohibition(jLj;jy;) You should not go there.
Expectation (vjpu;ghu;j;jy;) Should it rain, the exam will be cancelled.
Indirect Speech (maw;$w;W) I told him that I should give his book the next day.
5 Can Ability (jpwik) I can drive a car.
Ability in questions (jpwik) Can you play the piano?
Possibility (tha;g;G) He can come tomorrow.
Request (Ntz;LNfhs;) Can you help me in the work?
Permission (mDkjp NfhUjy;) You can go now.
Capacity (nrayhw;wy;) He can work hard.
6 Could Request by Qn(Ntz;LNfhs;) Could you lend your book?
Likelihood-Qn (rhj;jpaf;$W) Could it be my uncle?
Ability (jpwik)and She could work long, when she was young.
possibility (tha;g;G–past tense) If I were you, I could do it easily.
7 May Possibility(tha;g;igf; $Wjy;) It may rain.
Permission-Questions (mDkjp NfhUjy;) May I go home now?
Wishes(tho;j;J) May God bless you!
Express Purpose(Nehf;fk; ciuj;jy;) Learn that you may teach others.
8 Might Permission (mDkjp NfhUjy;)
Might I borrow your calculator?
request(Ntz;LNfhs;)
Possibility(tha;g;G) It might rain tonight.
Gentle reproach (nkd;ikahf fz;bj;jy;) You might have told me earlier about it.
Indirect speech(maw;$w;W) He said that it might rain.
9 Must Necessity (mtrpak;) You must recite this poem.
Obligation(flik) I must help him.
Compulsion (fl;lhak;) I must teach her a lesson.
Certainity (cWjpahf $Wjy;) He is very tall. He must be a soldier.
Conclusion (KbTf;F tUjy;) I think it must be a good film.
SEMI / QUASI / MARGINAL MODALS

10 Used to Habitual action I used to go to temple daily.
Discontinued habit (fle;jfhy gof;fk;) I used to play in the garden.
11 Ought to Moral obligation You ought to convey this message.
(flikiaf; $Wjy;) You ought to listen to the teacher.
12 Need Necessity Do we need to attend the programme?
(Njitiaf; $Wjy;) You needn‟t meet him.
13 Dare Brave enough to face (in Interrogatives & How dare you ask me for more money?
Negatives) (Jzpr;ry; ) She didn‟t dare to face him.
* Modals that are used in Interrogative sentences are will, would, shall, can, could, may, might and dare
Exercise-1:
1. Eve-teasers ……. be severly punished. Answers: 1.must 2.can
2. A good teacher…….. make even boring lessons interesting. 3.should 4.may,will 5.may
3. In the army the soldiers …… obey their officers. 6.should 7.can,must
4.The sky is overcast. It …… rain but I don‟t think it ……. 8.May,may 9.should
5. The patient is very critical but who knows he …..recover. 10.must 11.May 12.would
6. The world ……. avoid war, in the larger interest of the human race as a whole. 13.will 14.a) would 14.b)
7. I …… smell something burning in the kitchen. It …….. be the meat. used to 15.would 16.may
8. …… I come in? Yes you …….. 17.May 18.shall 9.may/will
9. One ………..always keep his promises. 20.shall 21.will
10. All citizens ……..obey the rules of the land.
Exercise-2
1. Caesar‟s wife …….be above suspicion. 6. He who pays the piper ……. call the tune.
2. People who live in glass houses ……..not throw stones. 7. It ……. make a man scratch where he doth not itch to see
3. Give me a fish I ……. live for a day. Teach me to fish a man live poor to die rich.
I……. live for life. 8. Thou ………. not steal.
4. No man ……. call back yesterday. 9. One never knows what the future ……. bring.
5. God ………be everywhere, so he made mothers. 10. Law makers ………. not be law breakers.
Answers: 1.must 2.should 3.can, can 4.can 5.can not 6.can 7.will 8.shall 9.will 10.should
Exercises-3:
1. We…….. obey the rules of the road. 7. All citizens …….obey the laws of the land.
2. Eve-teasers …….. be severely punished. 8. Students ……… submit the record note-books in time.
3. Advertisements …… contain catchy phrases. 9. One ………. always keep his promises
4. You……..not pluck the flowers. 10. We ………. obey the laws of country.
5. People who live in glass houses ……. not throw stones. 11. We …….. help the needy.
6.We……. help the needy. 12. In the army, soldiers ……….. obey their officer.
1. should / must 3. may / will / can 5.should 7. must 9. should 11. should
2.should / must 4.should / must 6. should 8.must 10. must 12. must
Semi - modals/quasi - modals:
There are 4 semi - modals/quasi - modals: used to, ought to, need and dare
Exercise-4:
1. We have been here for more than an hour. …….we wait any longer? (Use a semi modal verb)
2. You ……..feel sorry for what you have done. (Use a semi modal verb)
3. When I was in the army we ……..have a rigorous and punishing schedule.(Use a semi modal verb)
4. How …… you ask me such a question? (Use a semi modal verb)
5. As his classmates, we …… stand by him through this crisis. (Use a semi modal verb)
6. I ……. wake up at five o‟ clock in the morning, when I was a young boy.(Use a semi modal verb)
7. My father ……. take long walks. (Use a semi modal verb)
8. You……… read every chapter. (Use a semi modal verb)
9. He …..play football in his college days. (Use a semi modal verb)
10. My marks are so poor that I …… show my progress report to my father. (Use a modal verb)*
Answer:1. Need 2. ought to 3.used to 4. dare 5. ought to 6. used to 7. used to
8. need not 9. used to 10. can not*
* tpdh vz; 10y; so…that…vd;w ,izg;G thu;j;ijfs; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sjhy; cannot vd;w modal
verb-Ig; gad;gLj;JtJ nghUj;jkhdJ.
 Ought to, Used to, Need and Dare are semi-modals/quasi modals, because technically speaking they are not modals.
 The words Need, Dare and Used to are also used as modals at times. They can be used as main verbs
also. So they are called as marginal modals.
 They display some but not all the properties of a modal auxiliary.
 They do not share all the properties of other modal verbs.
 „Dare‟ and „need‟ can be used both as lexical (main) and auxiliary verbs.
e.g. Lexical/main verb: Auxiliary
1. I dare swim in this river against the current. 1.They dare not swim in this river against the current.
2. She dares to swim in this river against the current. 2. Dare she say it again to me?
3. I need that book. 3. You need not go to Chennai.
4. Latha needs it. 4. Need I send the letter?
Exercises-5:
1. My grandmother _____ tell me bedtime stories, when I was young.(Use a semi-modal verb)
2. My grandfather ____ play football in his college days. (Use a quasi modal verb)
3. You ____ not read every chapter.(Use a semi-modal verb)
4. How ______ you call me names? (Fill in the blank with a semi-modal verb)
5. He _____ read many books during his school days. (Use a semi-modal verb)
6. Students _______ submit the record books on time.(Use a quasi-modal verb)
7. How _______you ask me such a question? (Use a quasi modal verb)
8. I __wake up at 5O‟Clock in the morning when I was a young boy.(Use a semi- modal)
9. He ___ read many books during his school days.(Use a semi-modal verb)
10. He ____ play football in his college days.(Use a semi-modal verb)
Answer:
1.used to 2. used to 3.need 4.dare 5.used to
6.ought to/ need to 7. dare 8.used to 9. used to 10. used to
47B. i) Noun-Verb-Adjective forms:

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s thu;j;ijia Noun-Mff;nfhz;L xU thf;fpaKk; verb-Mff;nfhz;L
kw;nwhU thf;fpaKk; mjid Adjective-Mff;nfhz;L kw;nwhU thf;fpaKk; vOj Ntz;Lk;.
mjw;FKd; Noun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb gw;wpa mbg;gil tpraq;fis njup;e;Jnfhs;Nthk;.
1. A noun is a word used as the name of a person, place or thing
ngau;r;nrhy; vd;gJ xU Ms; my;yJ ,lk; my;yJ nghUspd; ngau; MFk;.
Ex: I bought a pencil. ,q;F ngd;rpy; vd;gJ nghUspd; ngau;
Ramu went to Delhi ,q;F uhK vd;gJ Mspd; ngau;. nly;yp vd;gJ ,lg;ngau;
Noun is a word which includes all objects what we can see , hear, taste, touch,
smell something what we can think of.
ngau;rn
; rhy; vd;gJ ehk; ghu;f;ff;$ba> Nfl;ff;$ba> Ritf;ff;$ba> Efuf;$ba>
njhl;L czuf;$ba midj;Jg; nghUl;fisAk; cs;slf;fpaJ.
2. An adjective is a word used to describe a noun (ngaiu tpsf;Fk; nrhy;)
Ex: This is a big house.
adjective noun
The apple is tasty.
noun adjective
3. A verb is an action word used to say something about the action of a person or
thing or a place. (ngaupd; nraiyf;Fwpf;Fk; nrhy;)
Ex: 1. I am a teacher. (,q;F ,Uj;jy; vd;gJk; xU tpidNa)
pronoun verb adjective noun
2. Senthil is talking with his friend.
noun verb verb pronoun noun

3. Birds fly.
noun verb
4. Ravi wrote a letter.
noun verb
adjective noun
4. An adverb is a word used to describe a verb or an adjective or another adverb.
(tpidia my;yJ ngau;/tpid cupr;nrhy;iy nraiy tpsf;Fk; nrhy;)
Ex: 1. They do it quickly. (vg;gb nra;jhu;fs;? - Ntfkhf)
pronoun verb pronoun adverb

2. It is very beautiful.
pronoun verb adverb adjective
3. She pronounced the word quite correctly.
pronoun verb adjective noun adverb adverb
Adjective + Noun Example Verb + Adverb Examples

clever child beautiful girl walk slowly run fast
handsome boy tall boy speak loudly listen carefully
bright students big mountain get up early come first
small animal good teachers upset totally speak plainly
bad condition long snake blow heavily work deligently
,e;j gapw;rpapy; nfhLf;fg;gLk; xNu thu;j;ijia noun-MfTk;> verb-MfTk;> Adjective-MfTk; itj;J

thf;fpaq;fis mikf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Model Exercises:
1. Write a sentence using the word „equal‟ as a noun,an adjective and a verb.
equal (n) : He is my equal.
equal (adj) : He gives equal importance to all.
equal (v) : He can not equal his brother‟s achievements.
2. Write a sentence using the word „fine‟as an adjective,a noun and a verb
fine (adj) : I am fine.
fine (n) : He was punished with a heavy fine.
fine (v) : If you do not obey my condition, I will fine you Rs1,000/-.
3. Write a sentence each, of your own, using the word „sound‟ as a noun, a verb and an adjective.
sound (n ) : I heard a sound of a bell.
sound (v) : They sound just like animals.
sound (adj) : She gave me some sound advice.
4. Write a sentence each, of your own, using the word „state‟ as a noun, a verb and an adjective
state (n) : Rajasthan is the largest state in India.
state (v) : Please state, why you want to join this job. / State Newton‟s 3rd law.
State(adj) : Sale of electricity comes under the state government control.
5. Write a sentence each, of your own, using the word „back‟ asan adverb, a noun and as a verb.
back (adv) : Can I call you back?.
back (n) : I sat at the back of the car.
back (v) : My friend has refused to back my assignment.
6. Write a sentence each, of your own, using the word „absent‟ as a verb and as an adjective.
absent (v) : She absents herself to the function.
absent (adj) : She is absent to the class.
7. Write a sentence each, of your own, using the word „love‟ as a noun and as a verb.
love (n) : Love gives peace.
love (v) : I love God.
8. Write a sentence each, of your own, using the word „wish‟ as a verb and as a noun.
wish (v) : I wish you all success.
wish (n) : Convey my best wishes to all.
9. Write a sentence each, of your own, using the word „drink‟ as a noun and as a verb.
drink (n) : I hate soft drinks.
drink (v) : I drink tea.
10. Write a sentence each, of your own, using the word „live‟ as a noun, verb and as an adjective.
live (n) : Study the lives of great people.
live (v) : I live in Trichy.
live (adj) : I love watching a live telecast of a match.
Study these sentences also:

1. Bark - The bark of tree is used as medicine (N) 8. Live - Many people live under poverty (V)
Dogs bark at strangers (V) This is a live telecast (Adj)
2. Date - Write your Date of birth here (N) 9. Play - Shakespeare wrote 37 plays(N)
I saw your ad dated on 15.05.2016 (V) I play cricket everyday (V)
3. Tear - Tears keep our eyes clean (N) 10. train - The train came late everyday (N)
Don‟t tear the papers (V) The teacher trained me well (V)
4. Bank - All banks are computerized (N) 11. Face - Face is the index of the mind (N)
We bank with SBI (V) Gandhiji faced many problems (V)
5. file - Please, check this file (N) 12. Old - Old is gold (N)
Please file these bills (V) He is an old man (Adj)
6. Sign - Did you notice the sight? (N) 13. Well - There is a well in the garden (N)
Put your sign here (V) Tears well in her eyes (V)
7. Leave - Today he is on casual leave (N)

Leave the hall immediately
47B. ii) Homophones:

Homophones are the words that have same sound but different spellings and meanings
Homophones vd;gJ xNu cr;rupg;igf;nfhz;l Mdhy; spelling kw;Wk; mu;j;jk; NtWgl;l ,uz;L nrhw;fshFk;.
nfhLf;fg;gl;l thf;fpaj;jpd; Nfhbl;l ,lq;fspy; rupahd thu;j;ijfisf; nfhz;L epug;g Ntz;Lk;.
fPo;fz;l thu;j;ijfisAk; mtw;wpd; mu;j;jq;fisAk; gbj;Jf;nfhs;f.
hair (Kb) hare (Kay;)
know (njupAk;) no (,y;iy)
hear (Nfs;) here (,q;Nf)
our (vq;fSila) hour (kzp)
buy (thq;F) by (My;)
sail (gazk;nra;) sale (tpw;WtpL)
meet (re;jpg;G) meat (,iwr;rp)
some (rpy) sum ($Ljy;)
price (tpiy) prize (gupR) / praise (ghuhl;L)
new (Gjpa) knew (njupe;jJ)
see (ghu;) sea (fly;)
two (,uz;L) too (mJTk;$l)
carat (jq;fj;jpd; juk;) carrot (Nful;-fha;fwp tif)
none (,y;iy) nun (fd;dpah];jpup)
Additional
aloud (rj;jkhf) allowed (mDkjpf;fg;gl;l)
break (cil) brake (tz;bia epWj;Jk; jil)
bare (ntWk;) bear (jhq;F)
canvas (glk; tiuAk; Jzp) canvass (MjuT jpul;L)
council (fkpl;b) counsel (MNyhrid $W)
cite (Nkw;Nfhs;) site (,lk;)> sight (fhl;rp)
cereal (jhdpak;) serial (njhlu; ,izg;G)
dairy (fhy;eil gz;iz) diary (ehl;Fwpg;G)
foul (jtwhd) fowl (Nfhop)
form (mik> gbtk;) farm (Njhl;lk;> gz;iz)
metal (cNyhfk;) mettle (Jzpr;ry;)
principal (Kjy;tu;) principle (nfhs;if)
weak (cly; eykw;w) week (thuk;)
hole (Jis) whole (KO)
adapt (gofpf;nfhs;) adopt (Vw;Wf;nfhs;)
fare (fl;lzk;) fair (rupahf> ntz;ikahf)
loose (jsu;r;rpahf) lose (,oe;JtpL)
root (Ntu;) route (top)
wait (fhj;jpU) weight (vil)
piece (Jz;L) peace (mikjp)
dye (rhak;) die (nrj;Jg;Ngh)
sell (tpw;gid nra;) cell (miyNgrp)
floor (jsk;) flour (khT)
check (Nrhjp) cheque (fhNrhiy)
berth (gLf;if trjp) birth (gpwg;G)
due (ghf;fp) dew (gdpj;Jsp)
stationary (epiyahf cs;s) stationery (vOJnghUs; tpw;gidafk;)
vacation (tpLKiw) vocation (njhopy;)
weather (fhyepiy) whether (,uz;by; xd;W)
in (cs;Ns) inn (rhtb> rj;jpuk;)
knight (Nghu;tPud;) night (,uT)
pale (ntSj;Jg;Nghd) pail (fyd;> thsp)
right (rup) write (vOJ)
rice (muprp) rise (vO)
roll (gjpT> tl;lkpL) role (fjhghj;jpuk;)
sun (R+upad;) son (kfd;)
steal (jpUL) steel (,Uk;G)
tale (fij) tail (thy;)
Book Back Exercise-1:

Fill in the blanks using the suitable words given in the bracket:
1. The child………..the toy………the window (through, threw)
2. My mother received the ……..which was………….from Bombay, for her birthday (sent, scent)
3. The criminal was ……. at the ……….of the crime (scene, seen)
4. Juju was not ………….. to read the book………… (allowed, aloud)
5. The workers spent the ……..day repairing the ………….in the water pipe. (whole/hole)
6. The children gave their mother no……..till she had given them a ………..of the cake (piece/peace)
Answer: 1. threw, throught 2. scent, sent 3. seen, scene 4. allowed, aloud 5. whole, hole 6. peace, piece

Select the correct word from the two given in brackets
1. the elderly woman, though uninjured, was……..(quiet, quite) shaken by her experience.
2. All ……(accept, except) the last few bogies of the Rajadhani Express were derailed.
3. The accident happened very near the Sahara ………(desert, dessert)
4. The engine was……….(stationary, stationery) because it had toppled onto its side.
5. The driver applied the brakes in the ……..(vein, vain) hope that he might stop the engine.
6. Nothing could ……….(lessen, lesson) the impact of the hurtling engine.

1. I had no ……. He gave me a ……. of advice. (piece / peace)
2. They had dates for ……….. in the …….(desert/dessert)
3. The ………lorry is loaded with …….. items (Stationery/stationary)
4. Our college………is a man of …………(Principal/principle)
5. The …….. manager is in need of a ……. assistant (personal/personnel)
Ans :1. peace-piece 2. dessert-desert 3. stationary-stationery 4. principal-principle 5.personnel-personal
Way to Success 
+1
ENGLISH PAPER - II
STUDY MATERIAL
------For subject related clarifications------

Mail us : way2s100@gmail.com
Visit us : www.waytosuccess.org
You can download free study materials from our website
PRODUCTION TEAM
1. S. RAVICHANDRAN M.A, B.Ed.
2. K. CHINNAPPAN M.A, M.Sc, B.Ed.
3. R. KARTHIKEYAN M.A, M.Sc, M.Ed.
1
CONTENTS
NO QUESTION TYPE PAGE
1 One Mark Questions 4-8
2 Two Mark Questions 9 - 11
3 Three Mark Questions 12 - 25
4 Five Mark Questions 26 - 48
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11th English English II Paper Content Way to success
ENGLISH PAPER II – QUESTION PATTERN

Marks: 90 Time: 2.30 hrs
PART-A (1 MARK)
Answer all the questions : 20 X 1 = 20
I. 1-10. (Supplementary Reader) Choose the best answer
II. 11-15. (Supplementary Reader)Choose - Identify Who Said to Whom
III. 16-20. Choose - Complete the proverbs
PART-B (2 MARKS)
Answer any -7; Question No.25 –Compulsory* 7 X 2 = 14
21-30. General Learning Questions (Text-15, 20, 29, 30, 55, 104, 105)
PART-C (3 MARKS)
31. Road Map
32. Describe the process
33. a) & b) Write slogans (for two things) (Text-29, 191)
34. Write 3 sentences about the given data
35. a) b) & c) Answer the questions about the pie chart
36. Complete the dialogue
37. Compose short poem of 4 lines(Text-74, 75)
38. Expand the headlines
39. Reshuffle the Jumbled Parts of Given Sentences
40. Explain the proverb in 30 words
PART-D (5 MARKS)
41. a) to e) (Supplementary Reader) Comprehension (or)
a) to e) (Supplementary Reader) Rearrange the jumbled sentences
42. a) to e) (Supplementary Reader) paragraph (either..or..type)
43. Paraphrase the poem (or) Poem Comprehension
44. Letter Writing (either..or..type)
45. Make notes (or) Write Summary
46. General Paragraph (either..or..type)
47. Frame a dialogue (either..or..type)

QN. NO PART - A ENGLISH

1 - 20 ONE MARK QUESTIONS PAPER II

I. 1-10. (Supplementary Reader) Choose the best answer
II. 11-15. (Supplementary Reader) Choose - Identify Who Said to Whom
III. 16-20. Choose - Complete the proverbs
1 - 10 Supplementary – Choose: (Supplementary section)

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vOjNtz;Lk;.
I. Complete each of the following by choosing the correct option. (10x1=10)
1. Phatik‟s friends rolled up their sleeves and began to push the ………
a) half-sunk boat b) broke down carriage c) sal tree log d) jammed door
2. Mme.Forestier was Matilda‟s rich ……
a) school mate b) relative c) neighbour d) college friend
3. The Magi were the wise men who brought gifts to the ……..
a) Santa Claus b) Babe in the Manger c) Messengers of God d) Guardian Angels
4. Ambi‟s mother suffered from …….
a) asthma b) diabetes c) joint pains d) migraine
5. When appa returned from Bombay, he bought a …….
a) mobile phone b) palmtop computer c) pager d) calculator
6. Dick Fawcett‟s life underwent a transformation, when the little cat walked in on hin ….ago.
a) eleven months b) five weeks c) six years d) forty days
7. ……was the title of the English book that Pudumaipithan was reading.
a) Hidden Figures b) Historical Documents c) The Art of war d) The Cantervile Ghost
8. Phatik was considered as …….by his aunt.
a) a lucky charm b) an arch enemy c) a lifesaver d) an evil star
9. The description „………..‟ applied to both- the fob chain and Jim.
a) richness and glory b) grandness and elegance c) greatness and splendour d) quietness and value
10. Mr. James Herriot was a ……..by profession.
a) veterinarian b) physician c) surgeon d) oncologist
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Lesson-1
1. Makhanlal was Phatik‟s ……
a) elder brother b) younger brother c) cousin d) friend
2. Phatik Chakrabarti was very --------
a) playful b) naughty c) intelligent d) arrogant
3. Phatick lost his ------ in Calcutta.
a) money b) cap c) school bag d) sleep
4. One day of his departure Phatik gave Makhan his---
a) books b) fishing-rod c)kite d) fishing-rod, kite and reel
5. The black-grey gentleman asked Phatic about-----
a) the log b) the river c) the Chakrabarti‟s house d) his health
6. When Makhanlal fell down from the log, Phatik was …….
a) happy b) embarrassed c) jubilant d) sad
7. At school Phatik was………
a) very clever b) playful c) stupid and inattentive d) mischievous
8. Phatik ….. to go to Calcutta with his uncle.
a) loved b) hated c) hesitated d) denied
9. At the end of the story Phatik….
a) dies b) returns to school c) returns to his native place
10. Phatik‟s aunt considered him as ….
a) good boy b) unwelcome guest c) a blessing d) a son
11. Phatik‟s uncle took him to ….
a) calcutta b) Delhi c) Chennai d) Mumbai
Lesson-2
1. Matilda allowed herself to marry….
a) an ambassador b) a clerk c) a coolie d) an officer
2. Matilda‟s husband saved 400 francs in order to buy…
a)dress for matilda b) a house c) a gun d) a necklace
3. Though the dress was ready, Mme.Loisel looked sad because she had no…..
a) Vehicle b)money c)jewel d) friends
4….had invited Losel and Matilda to the party
a) Mme. Forestier b) Matilda‟s friend
c) The minister of public instruction d) The chief minister
5. Loisel‟s father had left him ….
a) 500 francs b) 20000 francs c) 18000 francs d)10000 francs
6.Mme.Foresteer‟s jewel had….diamond
a)false b)real c)costly d)genuine
7. The necklace which Matilda gave to Mme. Forestier was worth….francs
a)40000 b)50000 c)36000 d) 34000
8. Matilda and her husband had to work hard for …. years to buy the diamond necklace
a)7 years b) 8 years c) 10 years d) 9 years
9. Metilda borrowed a diamond necklace form ….
a) Mme. Forestier b) relatives c)neighbor d)friends
10. Matilda attended the party but she lost the …. there
a)car b)chain c)diamond necklace d)property
Lesson-3
1. Della wanted to present a … to her husband.
a)birth day b)Christmas gift c)wedding day gift
2. Della‟s saving was….
a) one dollar and eighty seven cents b) two dollar and fifty cents
c)one dollar and sixty cents
3. Della‟s valuable possession was her….
a) house b)jewel c)children d)long hair
4. Jim‟s valuable possession was his ……………
a) old house b)money c) car d) gold watch
5. Della bought a ………. for her husband.
a) car b) vehicle c)platinum fob chain d) dress
6. Jim bought a …. for her wife.
a)necklace b)set of combs c) chain d) ring
7. For the chain, Della paid ….
a) twenty one dollars b) twenty dollars c) eighteen dollars
8. Dell and Jim were poor but …. Couple
a) attractive b) loving c) luxurious d) proud
9. For the gift, she decided to….
a) run away from Jim b) Sell her hair c) leave the house
10. Della prided herself in her …………
a)dress b)looks c)long hair d) personality
11 - 15 Who said to whom – Choose: (Supplementary section)

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II. Identify „who‟ said to „whom‟ (5x1=5)
11. “Yes, it‟s true I‟ve been to all sorts of places like Kasi and Haridwar.”
a) The Raja of Kasi to his daughter b) The writer to the Prime Minister‟s son
c) The guru to the princess d) The beggar woman to the writer‟s wife.
12. “You‟ll put the saucer in the cupboard when you‟ve taken your dose, won‟t you?”
a) Mr.Herriot to Dick Fawcett b) Mr.Herriot to Mrs.Duggan
c) The District nurse to Mr.Fawcett d) Mr.Fawcett to Frisk
13. “It is the time to pay your advance income tax.”
a) Ambi to Appa b) Appa to Ambi c) Rowther to Appa d) Appa to Murugan
14. “Don‟t you like me just as well, any how? I‟m me without my hair. ain‟t I?”
a) Della to Mme.Sofronie b) Jim to Della c) Della to Jim d) Mme. Sofronie to Della
15. “Very well, I will give you four hundred francs”
a) Matilda to Mme. Forestier b) Matilda to Loisel c) Loisel to Matilda d) Loisel to the Jeweller
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Lesson-1
1. You will pay for this. – Phatik to Makhan
2. Where is chakravarties house? – Bishvambar to Phatik
3. Mother‟s calling you. – Bagha bagdi to Phatik
4. I didn‟t beat him up . –Phatik to Mother
5. How dare you lie to me? – Mother to Phatik
6. When did you come? –Mother to Bishvambar
7. How would you like to go to Calcutta with you uncle? – Mother to Phatik
8. When are we going? – Phatik to Bishvambar
9. When will I be going home to see mother? – Phatik to Bishvambar
10. When the school holiday comes? – Bishvambar to Phatik
11. Do you suppose I can buy you new books five times a month – Aunt to Phatik
12. You must send him home. – Aunt to Bishvambar
13. I was going to go to my mother. – Phatik to Bishvambar
14. Mother, don‟t beat me, mother. – Phatik to Mother
15. The boy‟s condition to be critical. – Doctor to Bishvambar
16. My darling, my treasure. – Mother to Phatik
17. Mother, my holiday has come now, I am going home. – Phatik to Mother
Lesson-2
1. Oh! The good potpie. – Mr.Loisel to Matilda
2. Here is something for you. – Mr.loisel to Matilda
3. What do you suppose I want with that? – Loisel to Matilda
4. What is the matter? – Loisel to Matilda
5. Very well, I will give you four hundred francs – Loisel to Matilda
6. I would prefer not to go to this party. – Matilda to Loisel
7. You can wear some natural flowers. – Loisel to Matilda
8. How stupid we are? – Loisel to Matilda
9. Choose my dear-Mme. – Forestier to Matilda
10. Have you anything more? –Matilda to Mme.Forestier
11. I don‟t know what will please you. – Mme.Forestier to Matilda
12. Could you lend me this? – Matilda to Mme.Forestier
13. Why? yes certainly. – Mme.Forestier to Matilda
14. You will catch cold out there. – Loisel to Matilda
15. What is the matter? – Loisel to Matilda
16. Did you take the member? – Loisel to Matilda
17. I am going. –Loisel to Matilda
18. Good morning, Jeanne. – Matilda to Mme.Forestier
19. How have you changed. – Mme.Forestier to Matilda
20. Because of me? How is stat. – Mme.Forestier to Matilda
21. I returned another to you exactly like it. –Matilda to Mme.Forestier
22. Oh! My poor Matilda! Mine were false. – Mme.Forestier to Matilda
Lesson-3
1. Will you buy my hair? – Della to Mme.Sofronie
2. I buy hair. – Mme. Sofronie to Della
3. Give it to me quick. – Della to Mme.Sofronie
4. It will grow out again- You won‟t mind will you? – Della to Jim
5. What a beautiful! Nice gift I‟ve got for you. – Della to Jim
6. You‟ve cut off your hair? – Jim to Della
7. Nobody could ever count my love for you. – Della to Jim
8. Don‟t make any mistake. – Jim to Della
9. My hair grows so fast. – Della to Jim
10. Give me your watch. I want to see how it looks on it. – Della to Jim
11. I sold the watch to get the money to buy your combs. – Jim to Della
15 - 20 Completing proverb – Choose:

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vOjNtz;Lk;.
III. Complete the Proverbs with the suitable options. (5x1=5)
16. ……is the mother of invention.
a) Conversation b) Necessity c) Retention d) Scarcity
17. The pen is mightier than the ……
a) sword b) dagger c) spear d) spade
18. Fortune favours the …….
a) poor b) rich c) virtuous d) bold
19. Never look a gift …..in the mouth.
a) box b) article c) horse d) mule
20. ………speak louder than words.
a) Actions b) Microphones c) Thoughts d) Sentences
Exercise:
Complete the Proverbs with the suitable options.
1. ………..vessels make much noise.
a) Complete b) Empty c) Pot d) Kettle
2. ……..is the index of the mind.
a) Face b) Nose c) Eye d) Soul
3. ………..of water make a mighty ocean.
a) Lot b) Heavy c) Ful d) Little drops
4. All that glitters is not ……
a) diamond b) ruby c) gold d) silver
5. ……………is wealth.
a) Health b) Wealth c) Money d) Good
6. Barking dogs seldom ……
a) cry b) sob c) bite d) run
7. …….is the best policy.
a) Necessity b) Humility c) Curiosity d) Honesty
8. …………..home is best.
a) East or west b) North or west c) East or south
9. Failure teaches ……
a) moral b) success c) legal d) virtues
10. ……..wins the race.
a) Slow and steady b) Slow and fast c) Confidence
11. ………….is better than cure.
a) Precaution b) Prevention c) Perception d) Conception
12. ……….is the best help.
a) Self-esteem b) Self-concept c) Self help
13. ………while the iron is hot.
a) Strike b) Beat c) Hit d) Blow
14. ………is the the best teacher.
a) Opportunity b) Possibillity c) Experience
15. …..never fails.
a) True love b) True friendship c) Kindness
16. Make hay while the …..shines.
a) sun b) moon c) Jupiter d) star
17. ……always triumphs.
a) Lie b) Truth c) Honest d) Moral
18. Look …….you leap.
a) after b) and then c) before d) at
19. …………makes waste.
a) Cast b) Cassette c) Haste d) Past
20. …….makes many things.
a) Property b) Honey c) Beauty d) Money

QN. NO PART - B ENGLISH

21 - 30 TWO MARK QUESTIONS PAPER II
21 - 30 General Learning Questions:

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Answer any seven of the following questions in brief. (Question No 25 is compulsory) (7x2=14)
21. Mention any two methods of skimming?
22. What is scanning?
23. Write two important features of a slogan.
24. How should a report be written?
25. Why did the e-mail become so popular?
26. What is cohesion?
27. Name the two systems based on which the books are classified in libraries.
28. What are the important sections of a library?
29. What are the most common ways of locating a book using the online catalogue?
30. Mention any two spelling strategies that can help one spell words correctly.
Answers:
21. Two methods of skimming
i) The words in bold type, italics, digits, or capitalised words.
ii) We should read the title, subtitles, subheading, and illustrations.
22. Scanning
Scanning is going through a text quickly with a view to looking or searching for a specific piece of
information.
23. Two important features of a slogan. (any two points)
i) Slogan conveys a message in nut-shell.
ii) It is catchy so as to draw immediate attention.
iii) It is brief and to the point.
iv) It promotes a product or a movement and employs pun / word-play
24. A report should (any two points)
i) A report should be in the form of a narrative
ii) It should be in the past tense
iii) It should include all relevant details
iv) It should focus on one particular event only
v) It should mention the date and time of occurrence, the venue, the facts, the cause, result, etc
25. E-mail become so popular
i) Because it makes communication almost instant.
ii) It is less laborious to write.
26. Cohesion
Cohesion refers to the links or connection between successive clauses and sentences in a text.
27. Two systems - classified in libraries.
1. Dewey Decimal System
2. The American Library of Congress System.

28. Important sections of a library

 Reference section
 stacks
 journal section
 electronic section
 and reprography
29. Common ways - online catalogue:
First type the name of the author with the surname.
Eg: Milton , John.
At once all the works of John Milton will be displayed. Then select the title of the book which you want to
read and you will see all the details of the book.
30. Two spelling strategies (any two points)
i) Look at the word carefully and pronounce it clearly.
ii) Cover the word, and write it from memory. Try to see the word in your head.
iii) Look up spellings of words in a good dictionary.
iv) Syllabification: Break the word into suitable units, usually syllables. E.g. ca-ra-van
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1. What is Scanning?
Scanning is going through a text quickly with a view to looking or searching for a specific piece of
information.
2. What is Skimming? 
Skimming involves looking through a text quickly to derive the gist something.
3. What is Cohesion? 
Cohesion refers to the links or connection between successive clauses and sentences in a text.
4. What is Coherence? 
Coherence is the reader‟s understanding or peception that a text (paragraph or essay) is logical and
meaningful.
5. How should a report be written? Mention any three of them. (any three) 
A report should….
i) be in the form of a narrative
ii) be in the past tense
iii) include all relevent details
iv) focus on one particular event only
v) mention the date and time of occurrence
vi) mention the venue
vii) mention the facts
viii) mention the cause, result,etc.
6. Mention any two methods of skimming? 
i) The words in bold type, italics, degits, or capitalised words.
ii) We should read the title, subtitles, subheading, and illustrations.
7. Why did the e-mail become so popular? 
i) Because it makes communication almost instant.
ii) It is less laborious to write.
8. Mention any two spelling strategies that can help one spell words correctly. (any two) 
i) Look at the word carefully and pronounce it clearly.
ii) Cover the word, and write it from memory. Try to see the word in your head.
iii) Look up spellings of words in a good dictionary.
iv) Syllabification : Break the word into suitable units, usually syllables. E.g ca-ra-van
9. Write two important features of a slogan. (any two) 
i) Conveys a message in nut-shell.
ii) Is catchy so as to draw immidiate attention.
iii) Is brief and to the point.
iv) Promotes a product or a movement.
v) Employs pun/word-play
vi) Uses proverbs/sayings in a modified version.
10. What do you mean by encoding and decoding? 
Encoding is the process by which data (facts, figures) is presented in a non-verbal form. (ie as tables, graphs)
Decoding is the process by which graphic representations such as tables and graphs are interpreted. The data
is made meaningful to the readers.
11. What is editing and drafting?
Editing and drafting is a process which involves correcting spelling/grammatical/punctuation errors,
simplifying/refining the language and leaving our unnecessary details. While writing.
12. What are the two most widely used major systems of classification of library books?
1. Dewey Decimal System
2. The American Library of congress system.
13. What are the different sections in a modern library?
 Reference section
 stacks
 journal section
 electronic section
 and reprography
14. What does the reference section contain in a modern library?
In the reference section, we find Indexes, Bibliographies, Collection of Abstracts, Dictionaries,
Encyclopaedias, Yearbooks, Atlases, Gazetteers and rare important books in each discipline.
15. What does the stacks section contain?
1. In the stacks section, all books except those in the reference section are stored.
2. Only library staff are allowed in the stack section.
16. What does the journal section contain?
The jounal section contains journals and periodicals.
17. What does the Electronic section a library contain?
Electronic section contains audio / video cassettes, computer facilities with the database, micro film,
micro fitch and the internet.
18. What is reprography?
Reprography is the facilities for photocopying or xeroxing in a library.
19. What are the ways in which you can search for a book in the library?
Author index, title index and computer search are the three ways in which one can search for book in
the library.
20. What is the difference between the Author Index and the Title Index?
Under the Author Index, books are arranged according to the names of authors alphabetically. Under the
Title Index, books are arranged according to the titles alphabetically.
QN. NO PART - C ENGLISH

31 - 40 THREE MARK QUESTIONS PAPER II

31. Road Map
32. Describe the process
33. a) & b) Write slogans (for two things) (Text book – 29, 191)
34. Write 3 sentences about the given data
35. a) b) & c) Answer the questions about the pie chart
36. Complete the dialogue
37. Compose short poem of 4 lines (Text book – 74, 75)
38. Expand the headlines
39. Reshuffle the Jumbled parts of given Sentences
40. Explain the proverb in 30 words
31. Road Map:

tiuglk; ghu;j;J topnrhy;y Ntz;Lk;.
31. A stranger approches you and requests you to direct him to the nearby pharmacy. Write three
instructions by way of helping him. Use the road map given below.
Answer:
 Walk along the road and turn left.
 Walk along the main road and reach the
roundabout.
 Turn left and Walk few minutes.
 You will find the Pharmacy on your left
side, opposite to NAP Hospital.
You are here vd;w gFjpapypUe;J tpdhtpy; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s ,lj;jpw;F vg;gb nry;yNtz;Lk;
vd;gij 3 my;yJ 4 thf;fpaq;fspy; Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;.
Fwpg;Gfs;:
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gad;gLj;jp tpil vOjTk;.
 Go straight along the (Gandhi) road.
- (fhe;j p) rhiyapy; Neuhfr; nry;f.
 Skip / Walk past/ cross the park - G+q;fhit fle;J nry;f.
 Turn Right - tyJgf;fk; jpUk;Gf.
 Turn Left - ,lJgf;fk; jpUk;Gf.
 You will find the place. ePq;fs; me;j ,lj;i jg; ghu;f;fyhk;.
 It is opposite to / near the _ _ - mJ_ _ _ f;F vjpupy; /mUfpy; cs;s J.
Exercise-1:
An old man requests you to direct him to reach the collectorate. Write three instructions by way of helping
him.
Instructions to the old man:

1. Go straight and turn left.
2. Walk along the road and skip the crosses.
3. You will reach the Collectorate opposite to
Town Hall.
Exercise-2:
Guide an old man to the near by Hotel Residency. Here you find the road map. Write three
instructions by way of helping him.
Instructions to reach the Hotel Residency:

1. Go straight and reach the Park road.
2. Turn left and go along the Park Road.
3. Turn right and go along the first cross.
4. You can find Hotel Residency on your
left.
Exercise-3:
A man approaches you to direct him to a bank. Here you find a road-map. Write three instructions to help
him
Instructions to the man:

1. Go straight and turn right.
2. Move along the Main Road.
3. Skip the cross road and you will find the
state bank opposite to Government
Hospital.
Exercise-4:
Guide Mr. Williams to the Cricket Stadium. Here you find the road map. Write three instructions by
way of helping him.
Instructions to reach the Cricket Stadium:

1. Go straight and turn left.
2. Skip the bus stop, book shop, ABC gold
palace and signal.
3. You will find the cricket stadium on your
right.
Exercise-5:
An old man wants to go to a nearby hospital. Here you find a road map. Guide him. Write three
instructions to help him.
Instructions to reach the Hospital:

1. Go straight and turn right.
2. Go along the road and skip the signal.
3. You can find a hospital opposite to BSNL
office.
32. Describe the process:

xU Fwpg;gpl;l nray;ghl;il tptupf;f Ntz;Lk;.
32. How will you remove grease stains on a dress? Describe the process briefly.
Answer: 1. Cover the grease stain with the dish soap or few drops of lemon juice.
2. Rub it gently.
3. Then, wash your cloth.
4. Your clothing should be grease-free.
5. If it's not, You can repeat the process again.
6. Use a dry cleaning solvent.
fPo;fz;l nray;ghLfSf;fhd tptuq;fis gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. ePq;fshfNt rpy nray;ghLfSf;fhd
tptuq;fis jahupj;Jitj;Jf;nfhz;L mtw;iwAk; gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
1. How will you prepare coffee? Decribe the process briefly.

1. Start boiling a cup (250 ml) of milk.
2. Add 2 teaspoonsful of coffee powder.
3. Add 1 teaspoon of sugar
4. Stir your coffee and serve it.
2. How will you prepare Tea? Decribe the process briefly.
1. Start boiling some water.
2. Add 2 teaspoonsful tea powder and let it boil.
3. Add a cup (250 ml) of milk.
4. Add sugar and spices.
5. Stir your tea and serve it.
33. Writing Slogans for 2 things: (Text book – 29,191)

nfhLf;fg;gl;l 2 nghUl;fSf;F nfhLf;fg;gl;l fhuzq;fSf;fhf slogan vOj Ntz;Lk;.
33. Write slogans: a) to advertise the product – a deodorant b) to highlight the risks of obesity
Answer:
 Deodorant – More Fresh, More Active
 Obesity – A threat to your immunity.
,q;F Kjy; tpdhTf;F deodorant vd;w nghUis tpsk;gug;gLj;j slogan vOj Ntz;Lk;
,uz;lhk; tpdhTf;F cly;gUkdhy; clYf;F Vw;gLk; gpur;ridfis tpsf;f slogan vOjNtz;Lk;.
rpy nghUl;fSk; mtw;Wf;fhd Slogan-fSk; ,q;F nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
Slogan Product/movement
 Save Planet Earth! – Environmental awareness
 Calling all bookworms! – Opening of a circulating library
 Moonwalk in comfort – Footwear
 NIC is the best policy – Insurance
 The sunbeam in your hand – Torchlight
 „Owner‟s pride and neighbour‟s envy‟ – Television
 „Why be in line, when you can be on-line‟ – Internet Banking
 „Stronger than the strongest‟ – My Teeth
 „Speed thrills but kills.‟ – Bike Riding
 „Be Indian, Buy Indian.‟ – Swadesi Movement
 „One family, One child.‟ – Family Planning
 „Arise, Awake and stop not till the goal is reached.‟ – Swami Vivekananda
 „Workers of all nations, unite;
you have nothing to lose but your chains; – Karl Marx
You have a world of freedom to win…‟
No Product Slogan
1 Air conditioner Bring Switzerland into your room / Keeps cool
2 Ball-point pen Flawless writing
3 Camera Let‟s capture the (happy) moment
4 Cell phone Connectivity on the move / World in your hand
5 Chocolates A sweet gift of love
6 Clothes You are what you wear
7 Computer Doorstep (key) to knowledge / Technology at your door step
8 Credit card Buy now, pay later
9 Detergent Washes white
10 Diapers Dry babies
11 Digital camera Catches / Captures / Keeps the moments/ Say cheese and freeze
12 Dress For elegant look / For dashing and smashing looks
13 Encyclopedia Storehouse of knowledge
14 Eraser Erases everything but the past
15 Fairness cream Silky glow
16 Family planning One family, One child
17 Five-star hotel Live in the lap of luxury
18 Footwear For smooth walk
19 Gum Fixes everything except broken hearts
20 Hair oil For long hair
21 Health drink Keeps you light and brisk / Gives you strength
22 Hill resort Home away from home
23 Home theatre Armchair viewing
24 Hotpacks Warmth for hours
25 Ice cream No more summer, chillers are here / Melts in your mouth
26 Inner wear So soft and smooth and comfortable
27 Insurance LIC is the best policy
28 Internet banking Why be in a line, when you can be online
29 Jeans clothes Rough and tough
30 Jewellery Dazzle and sparkle
31 Lens Gives clear vision
32 Lipstick Choose the colour of your smile/ Smile in style
33 Match box Make fire in a rare way
34 Micro-tip pen Flawless writing flows
35 Mirror Clear reflection
36 Motorbike For extra mile and smile / Ride with pride / Races like a horse
37 Mouse The world at a click
38 Music system Hear more, enjoy more
39 Pens The magic of words /Thought transmitter / Glides on the paper
40 Refrigerator Keep fresh, stay fresh
41 Scooter For smooth riding
42 Seat belts Tuck yourself into safety
43 Shampoo Silky and smooth
44 Shoes Put your best foot forward / A comfortable sole in a cosy hole
45 Silk sarees Blooms from the looms
46 Slippers Get, set, go / To take in your stride
47 Soap Soup to your skin
48 Steel rods Long and strong
49 Switches Click for flick
50 Telescope Add a new scope to your life
51 Toothpaste For a confident smile
52 Torchlight The sunbeam in your hand
53 Trade union The world of freedom
54 Washing machine remove dirt from clothes
55 Watch / Wrist watch Sharp time for sharp people/on your guard
34. Write 3 sentences about the given data:

nfhLf;fg;gl;l ml;ltiz my;yJ tiuglq;fs; njuptpf;Fk; jfty;fs; jhq;fpa
VNjDk; 3 thf;fpaq;fs; vOj Ntz;Lk;.
34. Study the following table pertaining to the monthly expenditure of two families and write three
sentences on your inference about the data.
Heads of Expenses The Sridharans The Hariharans Answer:
Food 35% 30%  Sridharan family‟s expenditure on food is
Transport 10% 5% more than Hariharan‟s.
Education 25% 20%  Hariharan family‟s expenditure on
Recreation 15% 10% transport is less than Sridharan‟s.
Savings 10% 25%  Hariharan family‟s expenditure on
Miscellaneous 5% 10% education is less than Sridharan‟s.
Ex.No:01
Distance from
RENT Central Bus
HOTEL TYPE OF ROOM (Per day) stand Answer:
(in kms.) 1.Hotel Opal is the nearest to the bus stand.
Hotel Meera Single / Non.A.C. 400 5 2.Hotel Mid-way is the costliest hotel.
Hotel Kannagi Single/ A.C. 600 3 3.Hotel Opal is the cheapest hotel.
Hotel Opal Double /Non.A.C. 450 2
Hotel Mid-way Double Deluxe /A.C 750 4
Ex.No:02
Answer:
1.Kodaikanal is the coolest place of all.
2.Kodaikanal is cooler than Ooty.
3.Madurai is hotter than Trichy.
Ex.No:3
Answer:
1. The time spent for sleeping is 7 hours.
2. The time spent for studies is 5 hours.
3. The time spent for watching TV is 2 hours.
35. Non-verbal Charts:

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tiuglj;ij ed;F ftdpj;J Nfl;fg;gl;Ls;s tpdhf;fSf;F
tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
35. Study the pie-chart given and answer the question that follow.
Questions:
a) What are the two types of movies liked by equal percentage of
people?
b) Which type of movie is preferred by most number of people?
c) Which type is least enjoyed and favoured by people?
Answers:
a) Science Fiction and Comedy
b) Romance
c) Drama
Fwpg;Gfs;:
 nfhLf;fg;gl;l glj;ijAk;> jiyg;igAk; vy;yh tptuq;fSk; njspthfg; GupAk; tiu
$u;e;J Nehf;fTk;.
 gpd;du; Nfs;tpfisg; gbj;J Gupe;Jnfhs;sTk;.
 tl;l tiuglk; (Pie diagram) vd;why; ve;nje;j gpuptpw;F vj;jid rjtPjk; (%)
kjpg;G nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gij $u;e;J Nehf;fTk;.
 gl;il tiuglk; (Bar diagram) vd;why; x mr;R vd;d jftiy vt;tsT
msTfspy; nfhz;Ls;sJ vd;gijAk; y mr;R vd;d jftiy vt;tsT
msTfspy; nfhz;Ls;sJ vd;gijAk; xg;gPL nra;J $u;e;J Nehf;fp tpilaspf;fTk;.
 Greater than, Less than – Nfs;tpfspy; Subject-Mf cs;s nghUs; xg;gplg;gLk;
nghUis tpl vj;jid klq;F mjpfk; my;yJ FiwT vd;gij ftdkhf
fz;Lgpbj;J vOjTk;
 Nfs;tpapy; highest / more / most / maximum / first vd;w thu;j;ijfs; te;jhy;
ngUk;ghYk; mJ glj;jpy; nfhLf;;fg;gl;l tptuq;fspy; mjpf kjpg;Gs;stw;iw / mjpf
vz;zpf;ifiaf; nfhz;l tpilahf ,Uf;Fk;.
 Nfs;tpapy; lowest / less / least / minimum / last vd;w thu;j;ijfs; te;jhy; ngUk;ghYk;
mJ glj;jpy; nfhLf;;fg;gl;l tptuq;fspy; Fiwe;j kjpg;Gs;stw;iw / Fiwe;j
vz;zpf;ifiaf; nfhz;l tpilahf ,Uf;Fk;.
 Nfs;tpapy; total vd;w thu;j;ij te;jhy; ngUk;ghYk; mJ glj;jpy; nfhLf;;fg;gl;l
tptuq;fspy; VNjDk; 2 my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l Gs;sptptuq;fis $l;b vOJk;;
tpilahf ,Uf;Fk;.
 Nfs;tpapy; difference vd;w thu;j;ij te;jhy; ngUk;ghYk; mJ glj;jpy; nfhLf;;fg;gl;l
tptuq;fspy; VNjDk; 2 Gs;sptptuq;fis fopj;J vOJk;; tpilahf ,Uf;Fk;.
 Nfs;tpapy; same/equally vd;w thu;j;ij te;jhy; mjw;F glj;jpy; nfhLf;;fg;gl;l
tptuq;fspy; rkkhd kjpg;Gila 2 my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l Gs;sptptuq;fis Fwpg;gpl
Ntz;Lk;.
Exercises: Study the pie-chart and answer the questions given below:
Exercise-1:
Study the tabulation and answer the questions:
Questions:
a) Find out the total number of vehicles passed between
6.30 and 9.00.
b) Find out the No.of cars passed between 18.00 to 20.00.
c) When was the traffic was very heavy?
Answers:
a) 245
b) 110
c) The traffic was very heavy between 18.00 and 20.00
Exercise-2:
Six persons working in some IT firms rent a house for Rs.32,000 per month. The monthly contribution towards
rent by each person is depicted in the pie- chart.
Questions:
a) Who contributes the second highest amount?
b) Who contributes Rs. 1500 more than Rahul ?
c) Which two persons totally contribute Rs. 14,500 ?
Answers:
a) Kamal
b) James
c) Kamal and Riaz
Exercise-3: (Jun-2016)
Expenditure of a country on various sports Questions:
a) The maximum expenditure is on ………….
b) The expenditure on Hockey is five times that of…..
c) What is the total percent of expenditure on Tennis,
Badminton and Basketball?
Answers:
a) Cricket
b) Badminton
c) 15%
Exercise-4: (Mar-2016)
Questions:
a) There is an equal demand for vitamins and ………
b) The medical shop records the highest sale of…………
c) The difference between the sale of cosmetics and sedatives is….
………. that of Antibiotics.
Answers:
Cosmetics
Antibiotics
less than
Exercise-5: (Sep-2015)
DATA IN RESPECT OF POPULATION OF Questions:
DIFFERENT STATES IN THE YEAR 1992. a) The data are in respect of the population of ……….
b) The difference between the most populated state and the least
populated state is ………….
c) The most populated state has ………… of people.
Answers:
a) different states of India
b) 17%
c) 25%
36. Complete the dialogue:

ciuahlypy; tpLgl;l gFjpfis fz;Lgpbj;J epug;g Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question – 2017:
36. Complete the following dialogue between Venkat and the Police Inspector.
Venkat : Good morning. I want to report a break-in happened last night.
Inspector : Good morning,Sir. ……………?
Venkat : My old parents were there sleeping in the bedroom.
Inspector : Did they hear anything or see anyone?
Venkat : ……………………
Inspector : What is missing?
Venkat : ………………….
Inspector : Right, Sir. Please fill and sign this form. We‟ll do our best.
Answers:
Inspector : Where were your old parents sleeping? / Who were in the house?
Venkat : No, they did not hear anything or see anyone. / Yes sir, but they ignore it.
Venkat : 10 sovereign of gold jewels are missing. /Rs.1 lakh worth jewels and Rs.50,000/-currency
epidtpy; nfhs;sNtz;bait:
 ciuahly; nghJthf Nfs;tp gjpyhfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;. Nfs;tpf;Fg; gpwF
…… nfhLj;jpUe;jhy; mq;Nf gjpy; vOj Ntz;Lk;. gjpYf;F Kd; …..
nfhLj;jpUe;jhy; mq;Nf gjpYf;Fupa Nfs;tpia Nfl;f Ntz;Lk;
 May I come in?.. vd te;jhy; Yes, come in.
 I am going to.. vd te;jhy; Where are you going?
 I want to…. vd te;jhy; What do you want?
 The fare is…. vd te;jhy; What is the fare?
 It costs…. vd te;jhy; How much does it cost?
 It is Rs.50. vd te;jhy; What is the price?
 My name is.. vd te;jhy; What is your name?
 nghJthf gjpypy; I te;jhy; Nfs;tpapy; you vd khw;w Ntz;Lk;.
My te;jhy; your vdTk; me te;jhy; you vdTk; khw;w Ntz;Lk;.
 Nfs;tpapNyh gjpypNyh He, she, it, they te;jhy; khw;wj; Njitapy;iy.
Exercises: Complete the following dialogue appropriately.
Exercise – 1:
TTR : Ticket please.
Traveller : Sorry sir, somehow I have lost my ticket. Answers:
TTR : …(i)……..? i) Have you really bought the ticket?
Traveller : Yes, Sir. I have bought it. ii) where is it?
TTR : Then …(iii)…..? iii) Shall I search it ?
Traveller : Just a minute sir…(iv)……?
TTR : Be quick.
Exercise – 2: (Sep -2016)
Madan : Could I meet the Headmaster, please? Answers:
Clerk : Sorry, (i)………… i) He is on leave.
Madan : May I know when he will be back?
Clerk : (ii) …… Why do you need to see him? ii) He will be back tomorrow.
Madan : (iii)………… I have brought a letter from my father iii) Because …………….
and my sister‟s wedding invitation too.
Exercise – 3: (Jun -2016)
Father : Your school van had left. Why are you still at home?
Son : (i)………… Answers:
Father : Can you go on your own by bus? i) I missed the school van.
Son : (ii) Yes, Dad………… ii) I shall/will/can go on my own by bus.
Father : (iii)…………….? iii) Will you reach your school by 8 a.m.?
Son : No, Dad. I will reach school by 8.40 a.m.
Exercise – 4: (Mar -2016)
Teacher : Where can we see zebra?
Student : We can see them in the zoo, Sir.
Teacher : ……………(i)…………….? Answers:
Student : Yes Sir, I have visited it in Chennai. i) Have you visited it?
Teacher : ……………(ii)…………….? ii) When did you visit it?
Student : I visited it last year. iii) With whom did you visit it?
Teacher : ……………(iii)…………….?
Student : I visited it with my uncle.
Exercise – 5: (Sep -2015)

M.D. : What are your qualifications?
Answers:
Candidate : ………(i) …………….
i) I have completed my 12th std, but
M.D. : ………(ii) ……………?
could not study further.
Candidate : I completed my schooling at a Matriculation school in
ii) Where did you complete your school
Puducherry.
education?
M.D. : Why didn‟t you study further?
iii) I can’t continue my studies further.
Candudate : My father lost his job suddenly.
So (iii) ……………………...
37. Compose short poem of 4 lines: (Text book – 74, 75)

nfhLf;fg;gl;l jiyg;gpy; ehd;F tupfspy; xU ftpij vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
37. Compose a short poem of 4 lines on the topic „My Grandpa‟
Answer:
The smiling face, I adore
The strong patience, I amaze
The inborn wisdom, I admire
Will I forget all I love?
Oh! My Grandpa, Tell me now.
fPo;fz;l ftpijfis khjpupahff; nfhz;L rpy ftpijfis jahupj;Jitj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Compose a poem on “A Rose”
A rose bloomed in my garden.
Red and lovely it was
Nodding its head gently.
It is God‟s gift to me?
Compose a poem on “My mother”
No better person can there be!
Mother, you are our life-giver.
In you we place all our hope
And certainly see God in you.
Compose a poem on “Rain”
Blowing breeze is cool and soft
In wavy motion kisses oft
Earth is parched and land is dry
Living things for water cry.
Compose a poem on “A Plane Crash”
Mercilessly blasted by heartless terrorists
Crashed the Boeing into the quiet sea
With all three hundred and twenty nine on board-
Men and women, young and old, with innocent children
38. Expand the Headlines:

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s jiyg;Gr; nra;jpfis rw;W tpupj;J vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question:2107
38. Expand the following news headlines.
a) 40% of seats in private engineering colleges vacant
b) Fire breaks out at ATM kiosk, none hurt
c) Hero injured while performing stunt sequence.
Answers:
Chennai, July-20: In Tamilnadu, 40% of seats in Private Engineering Colleges went vacant.
Chennai, July-20: Last night, fire broke out at an ATM kiosk near Egmore junction. Fortunately no one got hurt.
Chennai, July-20: In a cinema shooting near Ooty, The cinema hero Ram got injured while performing stunt sequence.
Fwpg;Gfs;:
 tpil Fiwe;jgl;rk; 2 thf;fpaq;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;;.
 Kjypy; rk;gtk; ele;j ,lk;> Njjp Fwpg;gplg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
 nghJthf nra;jp vd;gJ fPof ; hZk; tpdhf;fSf;fhd tpilahf mike;jpUf;Fk;.
What happened? vd;d ele;jJ? Where it happened? vq;Nf ele;jJ?
When it happened? vg;nghOJ ele;jJ? Who are involved? ahnuy;yhk; njhlu;GilNahu;?
Why it happened? Vd; ele;jJ? How it happened? vg;gb ele;jJ?
 Nfs;tp Present tensey; ,Ue;jhy; (verb cld; s ,Ue;jhy;) mij Past tense (verbI Past form)
Mf khw;wp vOjTk;.
Ex : India wins 70 medals at Asian Games.
Ans: India won 70 medals at Asian Games in New Delhi. Our Indian Prime Minister
greeted all the winners.
 Nfs;tp Past tensey; (ngUk;ghYk; verb cld; ed ,Ue;jhy;) gjpypy; mij Passive voice
(mjhtJ verbf;F Kd;dhy; is my;yJ are my;yJ was my;yJ were) Nru;j;J vOjTk;.
Ex : 4 policemen selected for Anna Medal.
Ans : Four Policemen were selected for Anna Medal for their best services. Tamil Nadu
Government announced yesterday.
 Nfs;tpapy; Infinitive verb(verb f;F Kd;dhy; to te;jpUe;jhy;) gjpiy Future Tensey; (mjhtJ
verbf;F Kd; will Nghl;L) vOjTk;.
Ex : Committee to monitor new policy on Education
Ans : A Committee was appointed by the Central Government. It will monitor new
policy on Education
 Nfs;tpapy;; Abbreviation te;jhy; gjpypy; mij tpupthf;fp vOjTk;
Ex : Rain delays AI flight landing.
Ans : Rain delayed Air India flight landing yesterday at Trichy. The passengers suffered a lot.
 Articles (a, an,the) Njitahd ,lq;fspy; NghlTk;
Ex : Govt. declare 2 day holiday
Ans : The Tamil Nadu Government declared a two-day holiday for schools on account of the
by-election in Pudukottai
 $Ljy; jfty;fshf (rk;gtk; ele;j ,lk; - Trichy, Salem, Chennai kw;Wk; Neuj;ij -
yesterday, tomorrow) Fwpg;gplTk;.
Expand the following headlines:
Exercise-1:
a) PM appeals for peace in the a) New Delhi, March-16: Indian Prime Minster appealed for peace
country. in the country. He asked the people not to support any terrorist
b) Committee to monitor new policy activities.
on education b) New Delhi, March-16: Indian Government has set up a committee
c) Five teachers selected for Best to monitor new policy on education.
Teacher award. c) New Delhi, March-16: Five teachers from Tamil Nadu were
selected for Best Teacher award. Education Minister announced
this in a press meet.
Exercise-2:
a) Surgeon removes 25 steel pins a) Chennai, March.15: In Surya Hospital, a Surgeon removed 25 steel
from child‟s stomach. pins from a child’s stomach, who was admitted with acute pain.
b) Cameras to track speeding b) Chennai, March.15: Chennai city police commissioner has
vehicles. planned to fit CCTV Cameras to track speeding vehicles at
c) Japanese Prime Minister visits important city traffic signals.
India. c) New Delhi, March.15: Japanese Prime Minister will visit India
next Sunday. Indian Prime Minister will receive him at the airport.
Exercise-3:
a) Pakistan test fires nuclear missle. a) New Delhi, March -15: Pakistan test-fired a nuclear missle last
b) SBI introduced new scheme for night. It can hit a place from a distance of more than 5000 kilometres.
farmers. b) New Delhi, March -15: State Bank of India has introduced a new
c) Petrol, diesel prices cut. scheme for farmers ‘Kisan Yojana’. Farmers can get an additional
insurance coverage by using this scheme.
c) New Delhi, March -15: Due to the price reduction of crude oil ,
petroleum agencies have cut Petrol and diesel prices by 5%
Exercise-4:
a) Google to invest more in India. a) Delhi, March-29: The Internet Giant Google is going to invest
b) Australia launches Hindi website. more in India. Google CEO Sunder Pitchai announced it in a
c) New idols discovered at temple conference.
near Erode. b) Sydney, March-29: Australia launched Hindi website. Indian
Prime Minister thanked Australian Prime Minister for this.
c) Erode, March - 29: Five new idols were discovered at a temple
near Erode. Archeologists said that they were 5 th century idols.
Exercise-5:
a) Rain delays AI flights landing a) Chennai, Sep – 27: Heavy rain in Meenambakkam Airport delayed
b) Road Safety Campaign held Air India flights landing. Four flights were redirected to Bengaluru.
c) Southern Railway to run special b) Trichy, Sep – 27: Road Safety Campaign was held in Trichy. Trichy
trains city police commissioner inaugurated the campaign.
c) Chennai, Sep – 27: Southern Railway is going to run special trains for
Kumbakonam Mahamaham. 5 Special trains will run from tomorrow.
Sample Exercises
1. +1 students to receive laptops soon.
Chennai, March-25: Tamil Nadu Government is going to issue free laptops to +1 students of
Government Schools soon. The Education Minister announced it.
2. 108 service welcomed by the poor.
Chennai, April 2: State Government of Tamil Nadu has introduced Emergency Ambulance
Service for poor people in every Block. People can dial 108 to make use of this service.
3. Andhra XI beat Viva to enter football cup semi-finals.
Chennai, June 5: Andhra XI team beat Mumbai Viva team yesterday. They are going to meet
Tamilnadu XI in the Football Cup semi-finals.
4. Bird census commences in TN.
Chennai, March-25: The Government of Tamilnadu has planned to conduct Bird census this year.
The work starts from Vedanthangal in Chengalpet.
5. Bus driver prevents major accident
Madurai, June 20: Bus driver Raja averted a major bus accident in Madurai last evening. He has
saved the lives of nearly 100 passengers.
6. Business campaign launched in China.
Delhi. April 2: A Business campaign was launched in China. Our Indian Finance Minister
inagurated the function.
7. Chennai celebrates Madras Week.
Chennai, Oct.19: Chennai people celebrated Madras Week. Various cultural programmes were
conducted during this ceremony.
8. Diabetic day celebrated with Free check up.
Trichy, June 20: The World Diabetic Day was celebrated in Trichy Diabetic Care yesterday. They
had organised a free diabetic check up . Nearly 500 people got benefited.
9. Diminishing water supplies - farmers worried.
Chennai, Nov-25: Geologists identified that water supplies are diminishing. Farmers express their
grief over this situation. The authorities assured help to the formers.
10. Earthquake in Turkey – over 250 dead.
Isthanbul, June 20: There was a heavy earthquake in Turkey yesterday. Reporters said that over
250 people died and many were injured.
11. Egypt army apologises for attack on innocent people.
Cairo, March-25: The Egyptian army attacked some innocent people of Palestine last week. So the
army apologized for it.
12. Film Stars come forward for Tsunami victims.
Chennai, March-25: Tamil film stars came forward to organise a celebrity cricket league in
Chennai. The funds collected by them would be used for Tsunami victims of Tamil Nadu.
13. Free cycles colour to change.
Chennai, March-25: Tamil Nadu Government has been distributing free green colour bi-cycles to the
students of Government Schools so far. Now the Government decided to change the colour into Maroon.
14. Heart surgery for Children at low cost.
Chennai, April 2: Chennai Medical College Hospital doctors have successfully done a major
heart surgery for a child at low cost. Honourable Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
congratulated the doctors.
15. Heavy floods in Bihar, crops ruined.
Patna, April 2: Heavy rain lashed Bihar. More than 60 percent of the crops were ruined.
39. Reshuffle the jumbled parts of given sentence:

,lk; khw;wp nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s nrhw;nwhlu;fis rupnra;J mu;j;jKs;s thf;fpaq;fshf khw;wNtz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
Reshuffle the jumbled parts and frame meaningful sentences: (Retain the first part)
a) Greed is / of human make up / and is the / behind corruption / an essential part / driving force
b) One of the / effectively / is looking for/ important techniques / for reading / key words
c) Scientists are / as much harm / sunscreen products / as good / worried that / may do
Answers:
a) Greed is an essential part of human make up and is the driving force behind corruption.
b) One of the important techniques for reading is looking for key words effectively.
c) Scientists are worried that sunscreen products may do as much harm as good.
Exercises: Reshuffle the jumbled parts and frame meaningful sentences: (Retain the first part)
1. A soldier of /as soon as / the tenth legion / the ship touched shore / leaped into the water
2. We / with money as well as / all well-trained and experienced /a body of workers, / have helped them
3. Mr.Smith/ Jane is the prettiest / member of the family / and of her four daughters / is the wisest
4. The difficulty / devised for the occasion / by means of a special service/ was solved
5. The lady / by the doctor / all but killed by him / that she was / was compelled / to drink such vile medicine
6. You / as I am / with these affairs / are already as well acquainted
7. Besides / has a private income / he also / having a salary,
8. His parents / that he might earn/ to send him abroad / his own living / were compelled by poverty
9. He /but my opinion / has discovered new facts / and advanced new arguments, / is unchanged
10. It / he will come back / that /is probable
Answers:
1. A soldier of the tenth legion leaped into the water as soon as the ship touched shore
2. We have helped them with money as well as a body of workers, all well-trained and experienced
3. Mr.Smith is the wisest member of the family and of her four daughters Jane is the prettiest.
4. The difficulty was solved by means of a special service devised for the occasion.
5. The lady was compelled by the doctor to drink such vile medicine that she was all but killed by him
6. You are already as well acquainted with these affairs as I am
7. Besides having a salary, he also has a private income.
8. His parents were compelled by poverty to send him abroad that he might earn his own living
9. He has discovered new facts and advanced new arguments, but my opinion is unchanged.
10. It is probable that he will come back
40. Explain the proverb in 30 words:

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gonkhopfis tpsf;fp 30 thu;j;ijfspy; xU gj;jp vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
40. Explain the meaning of the proverb „Slow and steady wins the race‟ in about 30 words.
Answer: „Slow and steady wins the race‟
This proverb is a reference to the fable of the hare and the tortoise. While the hare, confident of success,
took things too easy, the slow tortoise plodded steadily on and managed to win the race. We should not be
discouraged by the size of the task we have to do. If we do it little by little and steadily, we can achieve success.
The following quotation from Ovid sums up the ideas: “What is harder than rock, or softer than water? Yet soft
water hollows our hard rock. Only persevere.”
fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gonkhopfSf;fhd gj;jpfis gbj;Jf;nfhz;L Fiwthf mjhtJ Njhuhakhf

30 thu;j;ijfs; nfhz;l gj;jpahf vOjTk;.
Honesty is the best policy
It has been truly said “Honesty is the best policy”. We should always be sincere in the work we do. It is,
nevertheless, very difficult to accept honest means of livelihood. Gandhiji always preached us to lead a happy
and contented life by being truthful. At present, our society has been trapped by fraudulent people, who in just
few years want to become rich. Thus, we can see it is really difficult to lead an honest life among the fraudulent
people all around. In spite of so many fraudulent people, honest men still thrive and lead their life with honest
means of livelihood.
Hard work is the key to success / Work is worship
An active person depends too much on luck and opportunity. If we continue to work hard and have full
faith in God, nothing can stop us from going ahead and touching the sky. We can very well see how hard work
has helped men to achieve great heights. We can see the lives of various eminent scientists, who with their hard
work have achieved success and received nob prizes for their work. It has been truly said that a person who
works hard is always blessed with success. Thus, if we have to attain success in our lives we must work hard.
Prevention is better than cure
The famous proverb „Prevention is better than Cure‟ means that we should take necessary steps to keep
ourselves healthy. Often, people ignore their health, fall sick and then go for treatment. In order to avoid illness,
we should take proper care of our health. We should regularly go for exercise, eat fresh fruits, drink boiled water
and keep our house clean and hygienic by cleaning it everyday with antigerm cleaning agents. Thus, by
maintaining all these we can surely fight against illness and remain healthy.
A friend in need is a friend indeed
It is an old saying that a „friend in need is a friend indeed‟. Friends are important part of our lives. They
influence us very much. Their influence is so much that a good friend always show the path of goodness,
whereas a friend with bad qualities teaches bad qualities to his fellow member. One must be careful while
choosing a friend.
Where there‟s a will there‟s a way
If you have the determination to do something, you are sure to find a way of doing it. There is usually
nothing that is impossible to do. Napoleon, who rightly believed nothing to be impossible, ordered the army to
march into Italy. “Sire, the Alps” said general. “There shall be no Alps”, said the Emperor composedly. And no
Alps came in his way. What may seem impossible will turn out to be easy to accomplish, if you go on to do it
with determination.
QN. NO PART - D ENGLISH

41 - 43 FIVE MARK QUESTIONS PAPER II
7 X 5 = 35
Answer all the questions :
41. a) to e) (Supplementary Reader) Comprehension (or)
a) to e) (Supplementary Reader) Rearrange the jumbled sentences
42. a) to e) (Supplementary Reader) paragraph (either..or..type)
43. Paraphrase the poem (or) Poem Comprehension
44. Letter Writing (either..or..type)
45. Make notes (or) Write Summary
46. General Paragraph (either..or..type)
47. Frame a dialogue (either..or..type)
41. Supplementary – Comprehension & Jumbled Sentences:

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,uz;L gFjp tpdhf;fspy; xd;iw vOjNtz;Lk;. Kjy; gFjpapy; Jizg;ghlj;jpypUe;J
xU gj;jp nfhLj;J mjpypUe;J 5 tpdhf;fs; nfhLj;jpUg;ghu;fs;. mtw;Wf;F rupahd tpilfis
vOjNtz;Lk;. ,uz;lhk; gFjpapy; 5 thf;fpaq;fis ,lk; khw;wpf; nfhLj;jpUg;ghu;fs;. mtw;iw rupahf
,lk; khw;wp nghUs; njhlu;r;rpahf rupahf tUtJNghy; nra;aNtz;Lk;
Model Question:2017
41. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
There were celebrations for several days. At length, a couple of days before his departure. Bhishvambar
questioned his sister about the schooling and progress of her two sons. In reply, he was given a description
of Phatik‟s uncontrollable wildness and inattention to study; while Makhan, by contrast, was perfectly
behaved and a model student. Bhishvambar then proposed that he take Phatik to Calcutta, keep him with
him and supervise his education. The widow easily agreed to this. “Well, Phatik”, he asked the boy, “how
would you like to go to Calcutta with your uncle?” “I‟d love to”, said Phatik, jumping up and down.
Questions:
a) What were the celebrations for?
b) Why did Bhishvambar offer to take Phatik to Calcutta?
c) How was Makhan different from Phatik?
d) Who is the widow referred to and how is she related to Bhishvambar?
e) What was Phatik‟s reaction to Bhishvambar‟s suggestion?
(or)
Rearrange the jumbled sentence.
a) So, she sold her hair and bought a platinum fob chain.
b) Jim said that he had sold his watch to buy her a set of combs.
c) Jim returned from office and was shocked to see Della.
d) Della did not have enough money to buy her husband a gift.
e) Della held out to Jim, her Christmas gift and asked him for his watch.
Supplementary Reader – Passage – Answers:
a) The celebrations were for Bhishvambar, who had come to see his sister after many years.
b) Phatik‟s uncontrollable wildness and inattention to study were the reasons for Bhishvambar‟s offer to
take Phatik to Calcutta
c) Makhan, by contrast, was perfectly behaved and a model student. Thus Makhan was different from Phatik.
d) The widow is the mother of Phatik. She is the sister of Bhishvambar
e) Phatik jumped up and down. This was Phatik‟s reaction to Bhishvambar‟s suggestion
(or)
Rearrange the jumbled sentence.
d) Della did not have enough money to buy her husband a gift.
a) So, she sold her hair and bought a platinum fob chain.
c) Jim returned from office and was shocked to see Della.
e) Della held out to Jim, her Christmas gift and asked him for his watch.
b) Jim said that he had sold his watch to buy her a set of combs.
,g;gFjp tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;f Supplementary gFjpia ed;F gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.

Unit-1. HOLIDAY
Comprehension:
1. He stuggled and kicked helplessly as Bagha picked him up bodily and carried him home. His
mother shouted furiously when she saw him: „You‟ve beaten up Makhan again!‟
„I didn‟t beat him up.‟
„How dare you lie to me?‟
„I did not beat him up. Ask him.‟
When Makhan was questioned he stuck to his earlier accusation saying, „He did beat me up.‟
Phatik could not stand this any more. He charged at Makhan and thumped him hard, shouting, „So
who‟s lying now?‟ His mother, taking Makhan‟s part, rushed and slapped phatik‟s back several
times heavily. He pushed her away. „So you‟d lay hands on your own mother?‟ she screamed.
Questions: 1) Who had beaten Makhan?
2) Why was mother angry?
3) Who was Bagha?
4) Who beat Phatik on behalf of Makhan?
5) Who was really lying?
Answers:
1. Phatik had beaten Makhan.
2. Mother thought that Phatik had beaten Makhan. So she was angry.
3. Bagha was a servant.
4. The mother beat Phatik on behalf of Makhan.
5. Makhan was really lying.
2. There were celebrations for several days. At length, a couple of days before his departure,
Bishvambhar questioned his sister about the schooling and progress of her two sons. In reply, he
was given a description of Phatik‟s uncontrollable wildness and inattention to study; while
Makhan, by contrast, was perfectly behaved a model student. „Phatik drives me mad‟ she said.
Bishvambahar then proposed that he take Phatik to Calcutta, keep him with him and supervise
his education. The widow easily agreed to this. „Well, Phatik‟, he asked the boy, „how would you
like to go to Calcutta with your uncle?‟ „I‟d love to, said Phatik, jumping up and down.
Questions: 1) What were the celebration for?
2) What did Bishvambar enquire?
3) Who was Bishvambar?
4) Who was a well behaved model student?
5) What did Bishvambar‟s proposal?
Answers: 1. Bhishvambar who had come to see his sister after many years.
2. Bishvambar enquired his sister about the schooling and progress of her two sons.
3. Bishvambar was Phatik‟s uncle.
4. Makhanlal was a well behaved model student.
5. Bishvambar proposed to take Phatik to Calcutta with him.
Rearrange the jumbled sentences:

1. - Phatik agreed to go to Calcutta with his uncle ----(5)
- He offered to take phatik to Calcutta---(4)
- Phatik was a mischievous boy and his mother could not control him in the village ---(1)
- Phatik‟s mother told him about Phatik ----(3)
- Phatik‟s uncle came to their village from Calcutta---(2)
2. - Phatik was fond of mischief----(3)
- His friends and he assembled near the river ----(4)
- He had a kid brother, called Makhan---(2)
- They noticed a long sal log lying on the river bank ----(5)
- Phatik Chakrabarthi is thirteen years old boy----(1)
3. - The police found him and brought him back---(5)
- His uncle searched for him ---(3)
- He informed the police ----(4)
- Phatik decided to go back to the village ---(1)
- He did not come home from school ----(2)
Unit-2. THE NECKLACE

Comprehension:
1. She was simple, not being able to adorn herself; but she was unhappy as one out of her class;
for women belong to no caste, no race; their grace, their beauty, and their charm serving them in
the place of birth and family. Their inborn fineness, their instinctive elegance, their suppleness of
wit are their only aristocracy, making some daughters of the people the equal of great ladies.
She suffered incessantly, feeling herself born for all delicacies and luxuries. She suffered from
the poverty of her apartment , the shabby walls, the worn cahirs, and the faded stuff. All these
things, which another woman of her station would not have noticed, tortured and angered her.
Questions:
1) Why was the woman referred to in the story unhappy?
2) What qualities of a woman make her equal in status to great ladies?
3) Why did the woman suffer?
4) What were the things she was unhappy about?
5) How did she differ from any other woman of her status?
Answers:
1. She had nothing to adorn herself. The woman was simple. So she was unhappy.
2. The inborn finess of women, their instinctive elegance and their wit make a women equal in
status to great ladies.
3. The woman thought that she was born for all delicacies and luxuries. But there was poverty
in her apartment . So she suffered.
4. She was unhappy about the poverty of her apartment, the shabby walls, the worn chairs and
the faded shiff.
5. Any other woman of her status would not have noticed the poverty around her. But she
noticed the poverty and it tortured and angered her.
Rearrange the jumbled sentence:
1. - They attended that party with the borrowed necklace-------(5)
- Mr. Loisel got an invitation for a party in his office-------(2)
- Mr. and Mrs. Loisel belonged to a middle class family------(1)
- Mr.Loisel suggested to borrow a necklace from her friend Mme.Forestier ---- (4)
- Matilda was willing to attend the party but she had no royal dress and jewels----(3)
2. - She searched for it but could not find it ---(2)

- The necklace was not around her neck ---(1)
- He came back disappointed-----(4)
- Her husband trekked all the way to the ball room----(3)
- Husband and her wife promptly decided on a remedial action ----(5)
3. - Metilda told her about the loss of the borrowed necklace ---(3)
- The rich woman could not recognize her friend---(2)
- It had taken her ten years of hard work to repay the loan ---(5)
- She had paid thirty six thousand francs for it ---(4)
- Mme.Forestier and Matilda met on the roadside oneday. ----(1)
Unit-3. THE GIFT OF THE MAGI

Comprehension:
1. One dollar and eighty-seven cents. That was all. And sixty cents of it was in pennies. Pennies
saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until
one‟s cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such close dealing implied.
Three times Della counted it. One dollar and eighty-sevent cents. And the next day would be
Christmas.
There was clearly nothing left to do but flop down on the shabby little couch and howl. So
Della did it. Which instigates the moral reflection that life is made up of sobs, sniffles, and smiles,
with sniffles predominating.
While the mistress of the home is gradually subsiding from the first stage to the second, take a
look at the home. A furnished flat at $8 per week. It did not exactly beggar description, but it
certainly had that word on the lookout for the mendicancy squad.
In the vestibule below was a letter-box into which no letter would go, and an electric button
from which no mortal finger could coax a ring. Also appertaining thereunto was a card bearing the
name „Mr. James Dillingham Young‟
The „Dillingham‟ had been flung to the breeze during a former period of prosperity when its
possessor was being paid $30 per week. Now when the income was shrunk to $20, the letters of
Dillingham looked blurred, as though they were thinking seriously of contracting to a modest and
unassuming D. But whenever Mr.James Dillingham Young came home and reached his flat above
he was called „Jim‟ and greatly hugged by Mrs James Dillingham young, already introduced to you
as Della. Which is all very good
Questions:
1) How were the precious pennies saved?
2) Why did Della count the money thrice?
3) Were the Dillinghams leading a life of comfort?
4) Did the decrease in income upset the couple ?
5) What is the author‟s reflection life?
Answers:
1. The precious pennies were saved by bargaining with the grocer, butcher and vegetable man.
2. The money was in pennies. She wished to buy a Christmas gift for her husband. So, she
counted it three times.
3. No, the Dillinghams were not leading a life of comfort.
4. No, the decrease in income did not upset the couple.
5. Life has sobs, sniffles and smiles.
Rearrange the jumbled sentence:

1. - Jim came to his house late but he was shocked to look at Della ---(3)
- Della gave Jim the platinum fob chain---(4)
- Jim gave her a set of costly combs---(5)
- Della had no money to buy a Christmas gift her husband---(1)
- She sold her long golden hair and bought a platinum fob chain----(2)
2. - She returned home in high spirts and quickly put on her curlers ---(4)
- Della reached madame sofronie‟s shop ----(1)
- With this money she bought lovely fob chain for her husband----(3)
- Della sold her lovely brown hairs for twenty dollars ----(2)
- She looked like a school boy ---(5)
3. - Cent by cent she put by a dollar and eighty seven cents ----(3)
- An idea occurred to her ---(4)
- She had bargained with the grocer, the butcher to compile the lot---(2)
- Della wanted to buy a gift for her husband---(5)
- It was Christmas evening ----(1)
42. Supplementary – Paragraph Question:

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,uz;L gj;jp tpdhf;fspy; xd;Wf;F kl;Lk; tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
42. Answer in a paragraph of about 150 words.
How did the mystery of Frisk‟s illness get solved? (or) Present a character sketch of Matilda.
Answers:
The mystery of Frisk‟s illness got solved
Dick was a quiet, kindly man. He had lost his wife and he was living alone. His cat Frisk came to him six
years ago. One day Dick brought his cat Frisk in a box. It was unconscious and it looked as if it were dead. The
veterinarian examined the animal. The heart beat was very light but he was still breathing. The doctor gave him
a stimulate injection. The next day Frisk was all right and playful as ever. After three days Dick brought the cat
to the doctor with the same complaint. The doctor gave the same injection. The next day cat was normal. After
one week, Mrs.Duggan rang up the doctor said that the cat was ill. The doctor went there and gave same
injection. Dick was dying to cancer. The nurse gave him a mixture of heroin and pethidine to relieve the pain.
As Dick‟s hand was so shaky, he poured the mixture into a saucer and took it. The doctor understood that the cat
had licked the medicine in the saucer and it became unconscious. So the doctor advised him to put the saucer at
the cupboard. Thus Frisk‟s illness got solved.
(OR)
Present a character sketch of Matilda.
Mr.Loisel was a clerk in the ministry of education. His income was very low. Matilda was his
wife. She was a pretty young lady. She had a rich friend namely Mme.Forestier. She wanted to live a luxurious
life like her friend.One day Mr. Loisel got invitation for a party in his office. Matilda had no royal dress and
ornaments to attend the party. So, she was unhappy. So Mr. Loisel suggested her to borrow the jewel from her
friend. So Matilda met her friend and told her about her distress. Finally Mme.Forestier gave her a nice diamond
necklace. Matilda and her husband attended the party. Matilda was appreciated by all the members of the party.
She was very happy and she was the most prettiest woman in the party. When she returned home she lost the
necklace.Mr. & Mrs. Loisel searched for the necklace. But they couldn‟t find everywhere. At last, they got loans
from many persons and bought a similar necklace for 36000 francs. Then she returned it to her friend Mme.
Forestier. They had to work very hard for ten years to repay their loans. One day Matilda met her friend and told
her the truth. Mme.Forestier told her that the last necklace was a fake one. It costed only 500 francs.
,g;gFjp tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;f Supplementary gFjpia ed;F gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Unit-1. HOLIDAY
1. How was Phatik‟s life in Calcutta different from his life in the village? (or)
Write a paragraph about Phatik‟s life in his village and his plight in Calcutta.
„Holiday‟ is a story which was written by Rabindranath Tagore. In this story, we find the characters
Phatik, Makhanlal, their mother, Bishvambar, servant and aunt. Phatik Chakrabarthi was living with
his mother and brother. Phatik was a mischievous boy. And he was the leader of the gang in his
village. When he was a little boy, his father died. Makhan behaved well. Phatik was inattentive in his
studies. So his mother and phatik did not like phatik. One day Bishvambar came to his house after
long years to see his sister. His uncle enquired his sister about phatik‟s schooling and progress.
Mother told his brother about phatiks‟s behavious. She worried about phatik‟s future. Bishvambar
asked phatik whether he could come to Calcutta. Phatik agreed to go with his uncle. Then his uncle
took him to Calcutta. In Calcutta, his aunt did not like his arrival. He did not study well. His
classmates and cosines mocked at him. One day phatik lost school book at school. His aunt scolded
him for this. Totally his life in Calcutta was a miserable one. One day phatik was affected by fever.
But he did not like to tell it to his aunt. The next day, he went to school but he did not return from the
school in the evening. His uncle searched for him for whole day and complained to the police.
Finally, he was found. He was shivering with heavy fever. He said that he was going home as his
holiday had come. Finally his mother came from village to see phatik
Unit-2. THE NECKLACE

1. How the necklace changed the life of Matilda? (or)
Present a character sketch of Matilda.
Mr.Loisel was a clerk in the ministry of education. His income was very low. Matilda was his wife.
She was a pretty young lady. She had a rich friend namely Mme. Forestier. She wanted to live a
luxurious life like her friend. One day Mr. Loisel got invitation for a party in his office. Matilda had
no royal dress and ornaments to attend the party. So, she was unhappy. So Mr. Loisel suggested her
to borrow the jewel from her friend. So Matilda met her friend and told her about her distress. Finally
Mme. Forestier gave her a nice diamond necklace. Matilda and her husband attended the party.
Matilda was appreciated by all the members of the party. She was very happy and she was the most
prettiest women in the party. When she returned home she lost the necklace. Mr. & Mrs. Loisel
searched for the necklace. But they couldn‟t find everywhere. At last, they got loans from many
persons and bought a similar necklace for 36000 francs. Then she returned it to her friend Mme.
Forestier. They had to work very hard for ten years to repay their loans. One day matilda met her
friend and told her the truth. Mme.Forestier told her that the last necklace was a fake one It costed
only 500 frances.
Unit-3. THE GIFT OF THE MAGI
1 Describe the true love and sacrifice of the couple Jim and Della.
Jim was a man of twenty two and his wife Della was twenty. His income was very low of 20
dollars per week. So they could not save much. Jim and Della had love and affection with each other.
Jim wanted to present a nice gift to his beloved wife Della. Similarly, Della also wished to present to
her beloved husband Jim. But They did not have enough money to buy a nice gift. Their savings was
very low. Della had saved only one dollar and eight seven cents with this little amount she couldn‟t
buy a nice gift. So she sold her long golden hair at madame sofronic for twenty dollars. She bought a
platinum fob chain for twenty one dollars. Jim sold his watch and bought a set of lovely combs.
When Jim saw Della without hair, he was shocked. Similarly, when Della saw Jim‟s hand without
the precious watch she was shocked. However, they understood their deep love with each other.
Thus, we know from this story, Jim and Della‟s Personal sacrifices for their life partners.
43. Poem Paraphrasing & Comprehension:

Kjypy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s ghlypd; nghUis gj;jpahf vOj Ntz;Lk;. my;yJ ,uz;lhtJ ghlypypUe;J
Nfl;fg;gLk; 5 tpdhf;fSf;F tpil vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
43. Paraphrase the following poem.
Here‟s an example from A Butterfly
That on a rough, hard rock
Happy can lie;
Friendless and all alone
On this unsweetened stone
Now let my bed be hard
No care take I;
I‟ll make my job like this
Small butterfly
Whose happy has power,
To make a stone a flower.
(or)
Read the following poem and answer the questions given below.
Power of kindness is great and grand,
Makes dump speak and deaf hear,
And the blind see things quite clear,
Through the rays of the light of heart.
If kindness lives in words alone.
Seldom will it serve at all,
Turn they should as deeds of love,
To find a place in the hearts of war.
World has shrunk from what‟t was,
For war to meet across the globe,
Is not kindness a golden girdle,
To bring all mankind into the fold?
Questions:
a) Where does the light of kindness come from?
b) When will kindness be rendered useless?
c) How can one find a place in other‟s heart?
d) Why is kindness called a golden girdle?
e) Give a suitable title to the poem.
Paraphrase the poem – Answer:
In this poem the poet says happiness lies in hard work. He shows an example from a butterfly.
The butterfly has no friends. It is alone. And it can make us feel the stone which it sits on as a flower. So
the poet wants to make his job like the butterfly.
(OR)
Poem Comprehension Answers:
a) The light of kindness comes from the light of heart.
b) Kindness will be rendered useless, when it lives in words alone.
c) One can find a place in other‟s heart by his/her deeds of love.
d) Kindness is called a golden girdle because it can bring all mankind into one fold.
e) Power of Kindness / Kindness / Golden Girdle etc.
43A. Paraphrasing a poem:

ftpij tupfisg; gbj;J Gupe;Jnfhz;L mjid xU gj;jpahf vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Paraphrase the following poem.
Exercise-1:
NIGHT
The sun descending in the west,
The evening star does shine, Answer:
The birds are silent in their nest, Paraphrase: The time referred to here is evening and the
And I must seek for mine, evening star is in the sky. The birds are taking rest in their
The moon, like a flower, nests. The poet wants to seek himself The moon seemed to
In heaven‟s high bower be silent and delightful like a flower
With silent delight,
Sits and smiles on the night.
Exercise-2:
MY FAVOURITE TREE
When life is getting hard for me,
I climb up in my favourite tree
and look down on the world below Answer:
where grass is green and flowers grow. Paraphrase: The narrator climbs up her favourite tree
I start to feel good sitting there, whenever life grows complicated. She feels good when
secure within my branchy chair. sitting on the branches. From her high position she finds
Up high, the things that made me frown the unpleasant things that made her frown look way too
look way too small to bring me down small to bring her down. The sky and the sun are bright
The sky‟s more blue; the sun‟s more bright, when she is up on the tree. The tree becomes a good
and all my dark clouds turn out white friend to her
when I climb up my favourite tree
Oh, what a friend he is to me!
- Susan Noyes Anderson
Exercise-3:
NINE GOLD MEDALS
The athletes had come from all over the country
To run for the gold, for the silver and bronze
Many weeks and months of training Answer:
All coming down to these games Paraphrase: The athletes had come from all over the
The blocks were all lined up for those who country. They run for gold, silver and bronze. They had
would use them undergone many weeks and months of training The blocks
The hundred- yard dash was the race to run were ready for those who would use them. Nine athletes
There were nine resolved athletes in back stood waiting for the sound of the gun.
of the starting line
Poised for the sound of the gun.
Exercise-4:
A WISH Until at last with them I came
I often sit and wish that I To some place with a foreign name
Could be a kite up in the sky Answer:
And ride upon the breeze and go Paraphrase: The child often wished to be a kite (up in the
Whatever way it chanced to blow; sky). She wanted to ride upon the breeze and go along the
Then I could look beyond the town, way the wind blew. She wished to look beyond the town
And see the river winding down, and see the river winding along. She wanted to follow all
And follow all the ships that sail the ships that sailed against the strong wind. She wanted to
Like me before the merry gate fly until she reached a place with a foreign name
Exercise-5:
The hand of peace is frank and warm
ANGER
And soft as ringdove‟s wing
Oh! anger is an ugly thing
And he who quells an angry thought
And spoils the fairest face
Is greater than a king.
It cometh like a rainy cloud
Answer:
Upon a sunny place
Paraphrase: Anger comes like a rainy cloud and spoils
One angry moment often does
our day. One angry moment may cause lifetime agony. The
What we repent for years
wrong caused by anger can never be made right. Unlike
It works the wrong we ne‟er make right
anger, the hand of peace is gentle and kind. One who can
By sorrows or by tears
control anger is a king
43B. Poem - Comprehension:

ftpij tupfisg; gbj;J mjd;gpd; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Read the following poem and answer the questions given below:
Exercise-1:
A NATION‟S STRENGTH 2. Which is the strength of the nation?
Not gold but only man can make 3. Who work, while others sleep?
people great and strong 4. Is gold a nation‟s strength?
Men who for truth and honour‟s sake 5. Mention the pillars of a nation.
stand fast and suffer long Answer:
Brave men who work, while others sleep 1. A man can make the people great and strong.
who dare, while others fly- 2. Truth and honour are the strength of the nation.
They build a nation‟s pillars deep 3. Brave men work, while others sleep.
And lift them to the sky. 4. No, Gold is not a nation‟s strength.
Questions: 5. Great men, brave men are the pillars of a nation.
1. Who can make the people great and strong?
Exercise-2:
MY DOG Questions:
Have you seen a little dog anywhere about? 1. Which animal is referred to in this poem?
A raggy dog, a shaggy dog, who‟s always looking out 2. Is dog a pet animal?
For some fresh mischief which he thinks he really ought to do 3. How is the dog?
4. What doesn‟t the poet want?
He‟s very likely to do at this minute, biting someone‟s shoe.
5. Which is compared to the dog‟s eye?
If you see that little dog, his tail up in the air,
A whirly tail, a curly tail, a dog who doesn‟t care Answer:
For any other dog he meets, not even for himself; 1. The dog is referred to in the poem.
Then hide your mats, and put your meat upon the top-most shelf. 2. Yes, a dog is a pet animal.
3. The dog is a raggy and slaggy.
If you see a little dog barking at the cars,
4. The poet does not want to change the
A raggy dog, a shaggy dog, with eyes like twinkling stars,
dog, though it is bad.
Just let me know, for though he‟s bad, as bad as he can be,
I wouldn‟t change the dog for all the treasures of the sea! -E.Lewis 5. The dog‟s eye is compared to the
twinkling star.
Exercise-3:
Questions:
THE POET WANTS
1. What does the poet want?
I want to climb the highest tree
2. What does the poet want to touch?
Study stars and their mystery
3. Does the poet want to be a designer?
I want to touch clouds above
4. What can be disappeared?
Finds someone I can talk to, now!
5. What does he want to discover?
I want to be a designer-
Make dreams that just don„t disappear Answer:
I want to be an artist too- 1. The poet wants to climb the highest tree.
Paint pictures of me and you 2. The poet wants to touch the clouds.
There are lots of things on this Earth 3. Yes, the poet wants to be a designer.
New ideas that are taking birth 4. Dreams can be disappeared.
But before I discover what I want to be 5. He wants to discover himself.
I must discover me!
Exercise-4:
Questions:
THE FATHER AND A BOY
1. Where did the boy stand?
The boy stood on the burning deck;
2. Who was dead?
Whence all but him had flet;
3. What happened to the ship?
The flame that lit the battle‟s wrect
4. Why was the boy still waiting?
Shone round him O‟ er the dear,
5. How did the boy stand?
Yet beautiful and bright he stood,
Answer:
As born to rule the storm,
1. The boy stood on the burning deck.
A creature of heroic blood,
2. The boy‟s father was dead.
A proud though childlike form,
3. The ship was burning.
The flames rolled on; he would not go
4. The boy was still waiting for the command from
Without his father‟s word;
his father.
The father‟ faint in death below;
5. The boy stood beautiful and bright.
His voice no longer heard.
Exercise-5:
Questions:
GOD‟S LOVE
1. What does love do?
The fire of God‟s love
2. What is meant by “Triumph”?
burns away impurities
3. What gives us hope?
and leaves our soul‟s gold,
4. What is compared to gold?
Only He can see 5. What is considered as humanity?
Beneath our humanity Answer:
to judge our true worth, 1. Love burns out all impurities.
God‟s eternal care 2. Triumph is victory.
triumphs over our weakness 3. God‟s love gives us hope.
and teaches us hope. 4. Soul is compared to gold.
5. Humanity is considered as true worth.
44. Letter Writing:

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s R+o;epiyf;F Vw;wthW fbjk; vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
44. Write a letter to your father seeking his permission to join swimming class. (or)
Write a letter to the Headmaster of your school requesting him to issue your Transfer Certificate.
Answers:
Letter to father - to join swimming class
YYY,
18.03.2018
My dear father,
I am fine. How are you and all? Here I am studying well. I want to join swimming class in our school.
My Physical Education Teacher encourages me to join swimming. It is a good exercise. Many of my
friends have joined in it. I also want to join it. The fee is Rs.400/- per month. Please give me permission and
send the money for my expenses.
Convey my regards to all.
Your loving son,
XXX
To
XXX,
YYY. (OR)
Letter to Headmaster - requesting him -Transfer Certificate.
From
XXX,
YYY.
To
The Headmaster,
ABC Hr. Sec. School, YYY.
Respected Sir,
I was a student of your school in XII std A section during the year 2016 – 2017. I have passed my XII
standard Examination. I have scored 1100 marks. Now I want to join B.E. Course at BBB Engineering
College. So I request you to provide my Transfer Certificate and Conduct Certificate.
Thanking you,
Date :18.03.18 Yours faithfully,
Place :YYY
 gpd;tUk; nghJthd jfty;fis fbjj;jpw;F Vw;wthW tpilahf vOjTk;.
 Complaining Letter
I am ……, living in the above address. I am sorry to inform you that …….
Please take necessary action.
Thanking you,
 Applying for a post
I am …….., living in the above address. I saw your advertisement. I have the expected
qualifications. If you appoint me, I will do my best. Please consider my application.
Thanking you,
 Ordering letter
Please send me the following items.
cricket bat -10 Test tube – 50
cricket ball – 20 Test tube stand – 10
X Std. English Text Book – 20 copies
X Std. English Saraswathi Notes–20 copies
We‟ll send the amount soon.
Thanking you,
 Personal letter
I am fine. How are you? ……….
My greetings to all.
,it jtpu NtW tpjkhf cs;s fbjj;jpd; khjpupfs; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
mtw;iwAk; gbj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;.
Exercise-1:
Write a letter to your friend congratulating her for her victory in Para Olympic Games.
9/11 Kinley Street, R City,
27th February, 2017.
Dear Rajalakshmi,
I am fine. How are you? I am very happy to know that you have won the medal in Para Olympic
Games held in Ottawa. Congratulations! It is great. You have great confidence and strong determination. I
have wondered many times, when I saw you at the time of practice. What a hard practice you have done!
Amazing! I am very proud of you. You proved that disability is not a barrier to achievements. You are the
role model for everyone like you. You made our country proud. Please accept my hearty wishes. Convey
my regards to all at home.
Your loving friend,
Suba
Address on the envelope
Miss. Rajalakshmi,
27,Woodland Street, Ooty.
Exercise-2:
Write a letter to console your friend Rahim who lost the athletic championship by just one point.
15A 3rd street ,
K.C Nagar, A City,
20th April, 2017.
My dear Rahim,
I am fine. How are you and your parents? I am very sorry to know that you have lost the
championship by just one point. It is all in the game. Don‟t lose heart. You know failure is a stepping stone
to success. Never give up. Winners never quit and quitters never win. This is only an inter-school
competition. Soon there will be a state-level competition. Practice well. Practice makes one perfect. Surely
you will win. All is well. I will visit you very soon. Convey my regards to all at home.
Your loving friend,
George. H
To K . Rahim,
No.3, AVR Road, B City, Pin xxxxx
Exercise-3:
Write a letter to your friend postponing your trip to his house.
30, Netaji Street , Y City.
10th January, 2017
My dear Rahul,
Well and wish you the same to you. I am really sorry, Rahul. I have promised to visit you in Trichy
during this week-end. Unexpectedly, my father fell ill two days ago. He is suffering from Malarial fever. My
mother strives hard to take care of him. It is my duty to help him. So I can not come and visit you during
this week-end. Don‟t mistake me. Within a week, he will recover. So I will come and meet you next week-
end. Hope you understand my situation. Convey my regards to all at home.
Your loving friend,
Address on the envelope Saran.
A.Rahul,
25, Gandhi Street, Z City.
Exercise-4:
Write a reply letter to your friend who enquired your health when you were suffering from malarial fever.
3, Bose Street, K City.

12th February, 2017
Dear Albert,
How are you? Now I am fine. I have got your letter. Thank you for your prayer for my speedy recovery
from Malarial fever. I suffered a lot on the first two days of my fever. I was admitted to hospital for a week.
An excellent treatment was given to me. My Mum and Dad were very much worried about me. They take
care of me. The doctor has worked hard and has saved my life. Now I am all right. I once again thank you
for your care for me.
Convey my wishes to all at home
Your loving friend,
Ramesh
Address on the envelope:
Mr.Albert,
114, Nehru Street, Hosur.
Exercise-5:
Write a letter to the chief guest to preside over the inaugural function of the Literary Association
B city,
18th June 2017
From
XXXX 10th std „A‟ section,
YYYY Higher Secondary School,
B City, Pin: ZZZ ZZZ.
To
Mr.Sanjay , The Manager,
Indian Overseas Bank, B City.
Dear Sir,
Sub: Invitation to preside over the inauguration of the Literary Association.
I am Rakesh, School pupil leader of YYYY Higher Secondary School, B City. We have planned to celebrate
the inauguration of the Literary Association of our school in the first week of July. We want to honour your
good service to the student community on that occasion. We are very happy to invite you to preside over the
function. Please suggest your convenient date in the first week of July. I will meet you to give you the invitation from
our Headmaster. We expect your presence at this function. We‟ll be happy, if you accept our invitation.
Thanking you,
Yours faithfully,
XXXX (SPL)
Exercise-6:
Write a letter to the collector of your district expressing your wish to contribute some funds you had
collected for the victims of a recent flood in your city.
6th November, 2017.
From
R.Nithya, 10th std „A‟ section,
Govt.Hr.Sec.School, Chennai.
To
The District Collector,
Chennai – 600 106.
Respected Sir,
Sub: Contribution to the Flood Relief fund – Reg
I am R.Nithya, the SPL of Govt. Hr. Sec. School, Chennai. I deeply feel sorry for the loss of lives and
properties caused by the recent flood in our city. We want to help the victims. For their welfare, we have
collected funds from our school students. Even teachers and other school staff too contribute their share by
giving donations. So far we have collected Rs. 25,000. I enclose a DD for the amount. Please make use of it
for the flood victims in our city. We pray for them also. May God recover them from the grief.
Thanking you,
Yours faithfully,
R.Nithya
Exercise-7:
Write a letter to your Principal of your school, requesting him to provide you with a bonafide
certificate.
From
A. Babu, X Standard A,
ABC. Hr. Sec. School, XXXX.
To
The Principal,
ABC Hr. Sec. School, XXXX.
Respected Sir,
I am a student of std X-A in our school. I wish to join a computer course that is conducted by Global
Computers. For school students, they offer 60% discount in the fees. I want to develop my computer skill.
For this, they need a bonafide certificate of each student. I shall be thankful to you, if you provide me with a
bonafide certificate. It will help me to join the course at a discounted rate and complete it successfully.
Thanking you,
Date : Yours faithfully,
Place : A.Babu.
Exercise-8:
Write a letter to thank your uncle for his valuable gift on your birthday.
36, Sastri Street,

Siva Nagar, Trichy.
27th March, 2017.
My dear uncle,
I am fine. How are you and aunty? Here I am studying well. In the last examination, I have scored 480
marks. I am very happy to receive your gift of a digital watch on my birthday. It is very beautiful and useful
to me. I like it very much. The colour and style of the watch attract all my friends. It will be very helpful to
me at the time of my exam. It shall remind me of your love. Thank you very much for your kind gift.
Convey my regards to aunty.
Yours lovingly,
Maha.
Address on the envelope:
Mr. Raman,
15, Thiru Nagar, Kanchipuram,
Exercise-9:
Write a letter to the Book Company complaining about the bad state of books you have received
recently.
From:
RAM, ABC School, Y City.
To:
The Manager, X Y Z Publications, Y City.
Sir,
Sub : Complaining about the damaged parcel
Ref : Bill No, C 425 dated 6th April 2016
I wish to bring to your kind notice the bad condition of the parcel received on 14 th May. We ordered
fifteen copies of „Basic English Grammar‟ last week. We received the parcel and the bill yesterday. When
we opened the parcel, we found five copies of the book in a damaged condition. The wrappers of those
books were wrinkled and the pages were torn. We could not use them definitely. I enclose the five damaged
copies with this letter. Kindly replace and send five new copies of the book as soon as possible.
Kindly replace this damaged books at the earliest.
Thanking you,
Yours faithfully,
RAM
Exercise-10:
Write a letter to your friend to celebrate Bakrid in your house.
12, Kamaraj Nagar, Madurai,
23.03.2017
Dear XXXX
I am fine. How are you? This year we are going to celebrate Bakrid at home. We have organized
special prayer on that eve. I cordially invite you for the function. I have got all the arrangements ready for
the celebration. Still I need a camera to capture the precious moments of the occasion. I need your help in
taking photographs and video shooting. Kindly bring your digital video camera. I expect your presence.
Convey my regards to all at home.
Yours lovingly,
YYYY
45. Note Making & Summary Writing:

nfhLf;fg;gl;l gj;jpia ed;F gbj;Jf; nfhz;L mjd; Fwpg;Gfis vOj Ntz;Lk;. my;yJ
mjid %d;wpy; xU gFjpahf RUf;fp vOj Ntz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
45. Read the following passage and make notes (or) write a summary.
Ants are among a few kinds of animals that divide up their work. Ants are of innumerable kinds. They
are scattered wide over the world. Ants are called social insects because of the way they live. They live in
groups or colonies. An ant colony is mostly made up of worker ants. The workers are female ants but they
do not lay eggs. only queen ants lay eggs. The young queens and the male ants have wings. Some of the
worker ants of a colony gather food. Some do the house keeping and take care of the queen and baby ants.
Some guard the nest. The workers that guard the nest may be bigger and have stronger jaws than the other
workers. So they are called soldiers. Army ants march from place to place and they even build bridges and
rope ways with their bodies by holding on one another. These ants are very fierce. Even elephants will try to
get out of the way of an ant army. An ant colony is often marked by an anthill. To make rooms underground
to line in, the workers carry sand up to the surface and dump it. But not all ants live underground. Carpenter
ants live in dead wood. Some ants live inside people‟s houses. All ants have four stages in their life history.
First, they are eggs, then tiny worm like larvae, next pupae and finally full grown ants.
Answers:
Notes: Ants
Ants - divide up -work - innumerable kinds - scattered - world -called social insects - because of -
way they live - live in groups or colonies - ant colony - made up of worker ants - female ants - not lay eggs -
queen ants lay eggs - young queens, male ants have wings - Some gather food - Some housekeeping - take
care of - queen, baby ants - some guard nest – guard workers -bigger, stronger jaws - called soldiers - army
ants march, build bridges, rope ways - fierce - Even elephants - get out - way of an ant army - ant colony -
anthill - to make rooms - underground to line in - workers carry sand up to the surface - dump it - not all
ants live underground - Carpenter ants - live in dead wood - some live inside - people‟s houses - four stages
in life – eggs, larvae, pupae and grown ants.
(OR)
Summary
Rough Copy Ants
There are innumerable kinds of ants in the world. They are called social insects, since they live in
groups. An ant colony is called anthill. Queen ants lay eggs. Young queens and male ants have wings.
Worker ants gather food, do housekeeping, take care of queen and baby ants and guard the nest. Some ants
build bridges. They have bigger and stronger jaws. They are called soldiers. Some ants live in dead wood
and some live in people‟s houses. There are four stages in ant‟s life. They are eggs, larvae, pupae and full
grown ants.
Fair Copy
Ants
There are innumerable kinds of ants in the world. They are called social insects, since they live in
groups. An ant colony is called anthill. Queen ants lay eggs. Young queens and male ants have wings.
Worker ants gather food, do housekeeping, take care of queen and baby ants and guard the nest. Some ants
live in dead wood and some live in people‟s houses. There are four stages in ant‟s life. They are eggs,
larvae, pupae and full grown ants.
Note making Tips:

Fwpg;G: tpilahdJ (word / words /phrases /clauses)Mf ,Uf;fyhk;. thu;j;ijfSf;F ,ilNa
rpwpa NfhL (With/without dash marks) Nghl;Nlh my;yJ NghlhkNyh vOjyhk;. tpil
thf;fpakhf ,Uf;f Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy(Not necessary in the form of a sentence).
tpil vOJk; Kiw
1. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gj;jpfis ed;F gbj;J Gupe;J nfhs;sTk;.
2. nghUj;jkhd jiyg;G xd;W vOjTk;.
3. xt;nthU thf;fpaj;ijAk; Fwpg;Gfshf khw;wTk;.
4. nfhLf;fg;gl;l gj;jpapy; cs;s Auxiliary verbs(am, is, are, was, were, will, have,…), Articles
(a, an , the), Linkers(and,but, so..), Prepositions (in, at, with, to, …..) kw;Wk; gpw Kf;fpakw;w
thu;j;ijfis ePf;fp tpl;L Kf;fpa fUj;Jf;fis/thu;j;ijfis (Main ideas/content words)
kl;Lk; vOjTk;.
5. Kf;fpa fUj;JfSf;F ,ilNa my;yJ ePf;fg;gl;l thu;j;ijfs; ,Ue;j ,lj;jpy; (-) rpwpa
NfhL (hyphen) Nghl;Lf; nfhs;sTk;.
6. midj;J Kw;Wg;Gs;spfisAk; ePf;fptplTk;.
Example: (xt;nthU thf;fpaj;ijAk; Fwpg;Gfshf khw;Wjy;):
Given sentence Hint
The distribution of forests among different districts of Distribution of forests uneven
the state is very uneven.
Charity no doubts means giving alms to people but Charity - giving alms - „charity begins at
„charity begins at home‟ does not mean that you must home‟ - not mean - first to family
give alms first to the members of your family and members - not giving money or clothes
charity is not simply giving money or clothes to the to needy - a mental attitude
needy and deserving. It is a mental attitude.
Summary writing - Tips
tpil vOJk; Kiw
1. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gj;jpfis ed;F gbj;J Gupe;J nfhs;sTk;.
2. Kjypy; Rough Copy vd vOjTk;.
3. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s gj;jpfis rw;W RUf;fp Kf;fpa fUj;Jf;fs; ,Uf;FkhW vOjp
mij ngd;rpyhy; NkypUe;J fPo;> ,lkpUe;J tykhf FWf;fpy; rha;Tf;NfhL Nghl;L
mbj;J tplTk;.
4. gpd; Fair Copy vd vOjTk;. jiyg;G vOjTk;.
5. gj;jpfs; vij my;yJ ahiug; gw;wp nrhy;yg;gl;Ls;sNjh mijNa jiyg;ghf vOjTk;.
6. Nfs;tpapy; 150 thu;j;ijfs; ,Ue;jhy; Fair copyy; 50 thu;j;ijfs; (3y; 1 gq;F)
,Uf;FkhW RUf;fp vOjTk;.
7. ,Wjpapy; Words in the given Passage = 120
Words in my summary = 40
vd ePq;fs; vOjpajw;F jFe;jhw;Nghy; vOjTk;.
8. ed;F gbg;gtu;fs; fPNo Kjy; gapw;rpapy; nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Other Method for Note
Making vd;w Kiwapy; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sthW Note Making vOJtJ ed;W.
Make notes of the following passage (or) Prepare a summary using the notes:
Exercise – 1:
India‟s employment landscape is undergoing a metamorphosis. Public sector bank jobs are once again emerging as
coveted career options and simultaneously, evolving as one of the top recruiters a fresh graduates in the country. With
high social acceptance for these jobs and good pay scales, it is not without reason that there is a huge demand for them.
Incidentally, over 60,000 new vacancies are advertised annually and several applicants vie for seats. The selection
process is through competitive exams conducted by the Indian Banking Personnel Selection Board and the State Bank of
India. These bank exams are not tough. They test quantitative reasoning and verbal abilities along with general
awareness of the individual.
Notes:
Bank Jobs
India‟s employment landscape - undergoing a metamorphosis - Public sector bank jobs - again emerging - coveted
career options - top recruiters - fresh graduates – country - social acceptance, good pay scales - huge demand - over
60,000 new vacancies - advertised annually - several applicants vie for seats - selection process - through competitive
exams - IBPS Board – SBI - exams - not tough - test quantitative reasoning, verbal abilities, general awareness.
(OR)
SUMMARY
ROUGH DRAFT
Bank Jobs
India‟s employment landscape is undergoing a metamorphosis. Public sector bank jobs are once again emerging as
coveted career options. With high social acceptance for these jobs and good pay scales, there is a huge demand for
them. Incidentally, over 60,000 new vacancies are advertised annually. The selection process is through competitive
exams conducted by the Indian Banking Personnel Selection Board and the State Bank of India. They test quantitative
reasoning and verbal abilities along with general awareness.
FAIR DRAFT
Bank Jobs
Public sector bank jobs are emerging as coveted career options due to high social acceptance and good pay
scales. Over 60,000 new vacancies are advertised annually. Indian Banking Personnel Selection Board and the
State Bank of India conduct the selection.
(,q;F tpilfs; xU khjpupf;fhfNt nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jid mg;gbNa kdg;ghlk; nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;w
mtrpak; ,y;iy. ,q;F nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sij khjpupahff; nfhz;L nrhe;jkhf vOJtNj ey;yJ.)
Exercise – 2:
Moral courage is of the mind, while physical courage is of the body; but mind and body are so closely connected
that I think it is impossible to separate the one sort of courage from the other. In many instances of human daring, the
moral courage combined with physical to a resolute endurance of physical suffering becomes added to a consciousness
of duty. But while physical courage in a human being implies at the least, the moral courge implies much more. This
moral courage is the courage which braces us always to do our duty. This is the noblest form of courage and yet it is the
courage most commonly required. It is the courage which everyday, almost every hour, demands of us all.
Notes:
Moral Courage
Moral courage – mind- physical courage – body- closely connected - impossible to separate - courage -many instances
- human daring- moral courage combined - resolute endurance - physical suffering -becomes added - consciousness of
duty- physical courage - human being implies at the least- moral courge implies more - moral courage - braces us - do
our duty- noblest form – required- demands of us all.
(OR)
SUMMARY
ROUGH DRAFT
Moral Courage
Moral courage is of the mind, while physical courage is of the body. It is impossible to separate the one sort of
courage from the other. The moral courage combined with physical to a resolute endurance of physical suffering
becomes added to a consciousness of duty. This moral courage is the courage which braces us always to do our duty.
This is the noblest form of courage required and demands of us all.
FAIR DRAFT
Moral Courage
Moral courage is of the mind, while physical courage is of the body. It is impossible to separate them. The moral
courage combined with physical becomes added to a consciousness of duty. This moral courage is the noblest form of
courage required of us all.
Exercise – 3:
Be it a public transport system, railway stations or government offices in the state, the differently-abled people
here are at the receiving end, thanks to the infrastructure facilities built without taking them into consideration. Apart
from the humiliation they face from the people they come across, they are also forced to undergo hardships in using
public spaces and toilets. Due to absence of rails, ramps and toilets people with more than 50 percent disability are the
worst affected as they have to crawl on the floor to use the public toilets.
Notes:
DIFFERENTLY-ABLED PEOPLE
Public transport system - railway stations - government offices - the differently-abled people - infrastructure facilities
- without taking consideration - humiliation - face from - people - come across - forced to undergo - hardships - using
public spaces, toilets - absence of rails, ramps and toilets - people with more than 50 percent disability- worst affected -
crawl on the floor - use the public toilets.
(OR)
SUMMARY
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ROUGH DRAFT
Differently-abled people face humiliation from the people they come across, they are also forced to undergo hardships
in using public spaces and toilets. Due to absence of rails, ramps and toilets, people with more than 50 percent disability
are the worst affected as they have to crawl on the floor to use the public toilets.
FAIR DRAFT
Differently-abled people are forced to undergo hardships in using public spaces and toilets. Due to absence of rails,
ramps and toilets, people with more than 50 percent disability have to crawl on the floor to use the public toilets.
46. General Paragraph (either or type):

nfhLf;fg;gl;l jiyg;Gf;Nfw;w fUj;Jf;fis xU gj;jptpilahf vOj Ntz;Lk;.
nfhLf;fg;gl;l jiyg;Gfspy; xd;Wf;F kl;Lk; tpil vOjNtz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
46. Write a paragraph of about 150 words on the given topic.
A Thrilling Experience (or) Man and Machine
Answers:
General Paragraph – about 150 words
A Thrilling Experience
I would like to share my thrilling experience, once I had in my life. I was interested in playing cricket.
Though I was not a good player, I had more energy and enthusiasm. I was not selected in my school team.
Once my school team had moved into the final match. One of the players in our team was ill. So I was invited.
I played the match with a lot of energy. I have scored more runs than others. I was the hero in that match. I was
the centre of attention and got all applause. Everyone praised me. It was only by my effort, my school team
won. It brought me into limelight. That was the unforgettable and thrilling experience in my life.
(or)
Man and Machine
We live in an age of machine. Machine helps us in all our walk of life. Right from the time of waking up
in the morning till going to bed at night, Man continues to make use of machine. To wake up, we use
machine (Alarm Clock). To take bath, we use machine (water heater). To enjoy, we use machine
(Television). To a peaceful sleep, we use machine (fan). Machines reduce our toil and save our time.
Machines can produce a large number of products with a limited time. Machine made products are very well
finished and refined. They are very cheaper also. Machines make man modern and civilized. Thus man has
benefited much by machines.
fPof; z;l gj;jpfis gbj;J ,JNghd;w gj;jptpdhf;fs; kw;Wk; tpilfis nrhe;jkhf
jahupj;Jitj;Jf;nfhz;L gbAq;fs;.
General Paragraphs:
A Morning Walk
A morning walk helps the person to remain healthy and active. It is a light exercise with no expertise
needed. It is good for both the young and the old people. It refreshes our mind and makes us fit. We must
regularly go for morning walk. I get up at five „O‟ clock in the morning and go out for a walk regularly. My
friend Rima also goes with me. We often go to the park near our house. The morning time is very pleasant.
We get immense pleasure seeing the picturesque beauty on the way. The fresh air gives us a good amount of
energy. We take a stroll on the green grassy lawns. It is wonderful to see the dew drops on the green grass
which give an appearance of pearls. The chirping of birds makes our heart cool. Their songs add to the
beauty of nature. The fresh air from the surrounding areas is spellbinding. The waves of the running water in
the middle of the park gives a fantastic view.
Independence Day
15th August is an important day in the history of India. India became free on this day in 1947. Independence
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day is celebrated as a national festival. The nation celebrates Independence day at the Red Fort. The Prime
Minister hoists the flag and takes the salute. Then, he delivers a message to the nation. At night, the
Parliament House, the Red Fort and the Rashtrapati Bhavan are illuminated with electric bulbs. The entire
city looks beautiful. Independence day is celebrated with great enthusiasm. Many people gather at early
morning in the airy grounds of Red Fort to see the function. Throughout the country, this day is celebrated
with great enthusiasm. Whereas in the states, Chief Ministers unfurl the flags in their capitals and distribute
sweets. A National Anthem is sung after the flag hoisting ceremony. It is one of the most important days for
Indians. It is a great day as we got freedom from the clutches of the British rule.
The Dowry System

The dowry system is widespread in almost all sections of the Indian society. Dowry is what parents give to
their daughters at the time of marriage. It is a kind of help given to the newly married couple from the
bride‟s parents to establish a new home. This custom is very old. This system was not much prevalent in the
past because it was a voluntary offer but these days, it has become a demand. Dowry system has weakened
our society and the birth of a daughter is no more considered to be an occasion of joy for the parents. A girl
is treated as a burden on her parents. They have to face great difficulties. They find it difficult to search out
a suitable match for their daughters. It has become a problem to get the daughter married to a rich and
respectable family without a decent dowry. Even a beautiful and well educated girl cannot get married to a
rich man‟s sons as they demand for huge amounts as dowry. Many girls have been reported to have
committed suicide to save their parents from the evils of dowry. This evil must be eradicated form our
society as soon as possible, otherwise , it will completely ruin our society.
Good manners
Good manners make a man great and perfect. A good mannered person is admired by all in the society. It
makes a person optimistic and graceful in life. Good manners are more important than the Laws of the State.
We should be well mannered at home. We should respect our elders and love those who are younger to us.
We should co-operate with each other in doing domestic work. We should keep our home tidy and dirt free.
We should always respect and entertain the guests who visit us. Good manners should also be taught at the
school. We should learn to respect our teachers. We should never misbehave in the class. We should always
maintain discipline in our lives. We should never break the belongings of the school. We should always lend
a hand to those students who are weak in studies. Good manners play a significant role in social life. We
should be polite and courteous to others. We should be courteous even while turning down the unreasonable
wishes of others. We should treat everybody equal. If we are in a group, we should treat everybody equal. If
we are in a group, we should talk less and pay attention to what others say. We should always add „please‟
to get any favour and should never forget to say „thank you ‟ as a courtesy for the favour done. By being
good to others, a person becomes great in others heart.
Early Rising
It is a famous saying „Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise‟. The great
advantage of early rising is the good start of the day. The early riser finishes a large amount of work earlier
than other men who get out of bed late. In the early morning, the mind remains fresh and there are no
disturbances. People can think in a much better way than others. An early riser also gets some time to do
some exercises in the morning as it gives a person lot of energy and keeps his healthy. If one has to succeed
in life, one must get up early in the morning. In spite of the fact that there are great advantages of early
rising, most of us fail to get up early in the morning. Life has become very hectic and people return from
their work late. As they sleep late, they are not able to get up early. But in spite of this people should try to
be early risers as early to bed and early to rise would help them to be successful in life.
Games and Sports
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Games and sports play an important role in our lives. They gives us immense pleasure. They make our body
flexible. They expand our lungs, increase the blood circulation and make our body fit. They instill in us a spirit
of sportsmanship, promptness, timekeeping, team spirit, leadership and respect for fellow members. Games
and sports have become very popular these days and are taken as a profession by many people. Each game is
played under definite rules which all the players follow. Some of the games train us to be obedient and
disciplined. Apart from this, they train us how to control and abide by the rules and regulation in our lives.
A fancy dress competition in the school
I am Rinni Chopra. I study in Notre Dame Academy, Delhi. Every year our school organises an annual
function. This year also multiple programmes where orgaised on the annual day celebration of our school.
The students of different classes participated in the fancy dress competition. They displayed their beautiful
outfits on the stage. One of them was dressed up like “Michael Jackson” and another student like a peasant
ploughing the field along with his wife serving him meals. I dressed myself like an „old woman‟. As I
stepped on the stage, all the spectators started clapping loudly. I imitated an elderly woman. I was adjudged
as the best performer and was given the first prize by the judges. Our school regularly organises these type
of competitions where students can show their talents.
Television
Television is one of the wonders of science. It is a great source of entertainment and education. It has
brought revolution in the society. Through television, we can see anything happening in any part of the
world. Television operates through satellite. It has not only brought the cinema and the stage in to our
homes but many children get educated through innovative and educational programmes. There are
numerous channels on which we can see the programmes of our choice. Now a days, Dish TV provides very
good programmes which were not available in earlier days. No one can imagine a life without television as
it has mad mankind its slave.
47. Frame a dialogue (either or type):

nfhLf;fg;gl;l R+o;epiyf;Nfw;w ciuahliy mikf;f Ntz;Lk. ,uz;by; xd;Wf;F kl;Lk; tpil
vOjNtz;Lk;.
Model Question:2017
47. Frame a dialogue with a minimum of ten exchanges for the given situation:
Between two cricket players after their team lose a match very narrowly. (or)
Between a man and his wife discussing the arrangements to be made to celebrate their child‟s first birthday.
Answers:
Dialogue between two cricket players - after their team lose a match
Player 1: Ouch! What a loss!
Player 2: Yes. We just need 4 runs for 3 balls.
Player 1: Yes, it‟s an easy match to win.
Player 2: Then, why did you miss the last 3 balls?
Player 1: of course, I should face the last 3 balls bravely.
Player 2: Why didn‟t you?
Player 1: There was a lot of pressure in me at that time.
Player 2: Otherwise You should give that chance to me.
Player 1: That‟s the big mistake, I‟ve done.
Player 2: Ok. It‟s a lesson to you. Be cool now and also in the game.
(or)
Dialogue between Man and his wife - celebrate their child‟s first birthday.
Wife : Do you know, Our son XXX‟s 1st birthday falls on coming Monday?
Man : Why not? I know very well.
Wife : Shall we celebrate it in a grand manner?
Man : Surely.
Wife : Shall we invite our parents?
Man : Yes. I will dial them tonight.
Wife : What about new dress?
Man : We will go for shopping tomorrow.
Wife : Good. We have to purchase cake and chocolates also.
Man : Yes. I also invite some of my friends.
Wife : Me too, dear.
Man : I am waiting for that happy moment.
fPo;fz;l Fwpg;Gfis gbj;Jf;nfhz;L khjpup ciuahly;fisAk; gbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;.
 tpdhtpy; ahh; ahh; NgRk;gb ciuahly; vOjr; nrhy;yp ,Uf;fpwhu;fs;
vd;W fz;Lgpbj;J ciuahliy vOjj; njhlq;Ff.
 Kjypy; May I come in? Yes, come in. vd;w thf;fpaq;fspy; ciuahliyj;
njhlq;f Kbfpwjh vd;W ghu;j;Jj; njhlq;fTk;.
 Kjypy; NgRgtUf;F Neuhf Good morning vdTk; mLj;J gjpy;
nrhy;gtUf;F Neuhf Good morning vdTk; njhlq;fTk;.

What – vd;d? When –vg;nghOJ? Who – ahu;?
Why –Vd;? Where – vq;Nf? Which - vJ?
Whose - ahUila? Whom – ahiu? How – vg;gb?
How many–vj;jid? How much – vt;tsT? How long – vt;tsT fhyk;/J}uk;?
To whom– ahUf;F? With whom – ahUld;? How far - vt;tsT njhiyT?
By whom–ahuhy;? By which - vjdhy;? What for–vjw;fhf?
 ciuahliy Kbf;Fk;NghJ Kjypy; NgRgtUf;F Neuhf Thank you
vdTk; filrpahf gjpy; nrhy;gtUf;F Neuhf Welcome vdTk; Kbf;fTk;.
Exercise-1:
Write a dialogue with a minimum of five utterances for the situation given below:
Build a dialogue between a mother and a doctor on the need for vaccination against dengue fever.
Mother : May I come in?.
Doctor : Yes come in.
Mother : Good Morning, Doctor.
Doctor : Good Morning. What is your problem?
Mother : I want to know the details of vaccination against Dengue fever.
Doctor : Yes. It is necessary.
It will prevent Dengue fever.
Mother: Is there any side effects using this vaccination sir?
Doctor : No, there is no harm or side effects in it.
Mother : How much does it cost?
Doctor : It costs Rs.250.
Mother : Thank you.
Doctor : Welcome.
Exercise-2:
You have joined a new school. You meet a student of that school takes the same route as you. Introduce
yourself and make friends with that student, requesting him/ her to accompany you to school and back.
Myself : Hai, I am Sathya. New Student of your school.
Student: Oh, I see. In which standard have you joined here?
Myself : I have joined standard X here. What is your name?
Student: I am Rama. I am also a standard X student.
Myself : When do you go to school daily?
Student: Morning 8.15.
Myself : Will you please accompany me to go go school?
Student: Certainly, we‟ll.
Myself : Thank you Rama, You are so nice.
Student: Welcome.
Exercise-3:
Write a dialogue with at least five utterances between a bank manager and a student who wants to open a
bank account.
Student : Sir, I want to open an account in your bank
Manager : What kind of account?
Student : A savings bank account.
Manager : Why do you want to open the account?
Student : It is for my loan purpose sir.
Manager : Good. Do you have a Ration card?
Student : Yes sir, here it is.
Manager : Do you have any introducer?
Student : Yes.
Manager : OK, Take this application. Fill it in and bring it with 2 photos.
Student : Sure sir.
Manager : Bring your introducer also.
Student : Certainly. Thank you very much sir.
Exercise-4:
Gokul enters a shop and asks for a pair of slippers. Build a dialogue between Gokul and the salesman.
Salesman : Welcome. What do you want?
Gokul : I want a pair of slippers, sir.
Salesman : Okay. Tell me your foot size sir.
Gokul : Sorry, I don‟t know.
Salesman : No, problem. Please put your leg on the scale.
Gokul : Yes sir.
Salesman : Your size is No.7. Here you can see some models.
Gokul : I like this one. How much does it cost?
Salesman : It costs Rs.150.
Gokul : Please pack it sir. I‟ll pay the money
Exercise-5:
Mrs. Sharma buys a watch. In a week‟s time, the watch stops working. She goes to the shopkeeper and
gets her watch exchanged.
Mrs.Sharma : Good morning, Madam!
Shopkeeper : Good morning, What do you want?
Mrs.Sharma : I want to exchange this watch.
Shopkeeper : What is the problem?
Mrs.Sharma : It doesn‟t work.
Shopkeeper : Can I repair it for you?
Mrs.Sharma : No. I want to exchange it.
Shopkeeper : Do you have the bill?
Mrs.Sharma : Yes. I have the bill and warranty.
Shopkeeper : Here is your new watch. You can take it
Customer : Thank you, madam.
Exercise-6:
Viji has just received a National Science scholarship. She excitedly informs her mother, describing how
her Headmaster announced the news in the morning assembly and how she felt when everyone
congratulated her. Her mother expresses her joy and pride. Write a dialogue with a minimum of five
exchanges on this situation.
Viji : Mom, Where are you?
Mother : I am in the kitchen. What do you want?
Viji : Do you know what happened in my school today?
Mother : Anything special?
Viji : Yes. I‟ve received a scholarship.
Mother : Have you? How?
Viji : My science project has won the prize at the national level.
Mother : Congrats. Did your H.M congratulate you?
Viji : Yes. He announced this news in the morning assembly. The whole school clapped.
Mother : That‟s good. Keep it up. I am very proud of you.

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Way to Success 

------For subject related clarifications------

2017-18 fy;tpahz;Lf;fhd 11k; tFg;G Mq;fpyk;

Way to Success Gj;jfq;fs; Ntz;LNthu;

ENGLISH PAPER I – QUESTION PATTERN

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QN. NO PART - A ENGLISH

1-3 Synonyms (Text book – Prose section)

4-6 Antonyms (Text book – Prose section)

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How to Syllabify?............ Some tips:

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Book Back Exercises:

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11, 12 Compound word

14. Clipped word

15. Foreign word

Foreign words and its meanings:

16. Definition of a word

17. Idioms and its meaning

Model Question: 2017

18,19 Phrasal verbs

20. Prefix and Suffix

21 to 26 Poem Comprehension and literary Appreciation (any 4):

www.Padasalai.Net(Relative Clauses, Speech*, Simple Complex Compound Sentences)

27. Relative Clause

28. *Direct & Indirect speeches:

Parts of Direct & Indirect Speeches (Neu;$w;W & maw;$w;wpd; gFjpfs;):

Raja said to Kannan, “ I am talking with her now”.

Raja told Kannan that he was talking with her then.

Direct to Indirect Rules (tpjpKiwfs;):

Reporting verb khw;WtJ & Conjunction Nru;g;gJ ( Step-1 & 2 ) Table 1

ePq;fs; nra;aNtz;ba gbfs; - RUf;fkhf

Level-1 (Statement type – 6 steps):

Level-2A (Interrogative Wh-Qn type – 7 steps):

Level-2B (Interrogative Yes or No type – 7 steps):

Level-3 (Imperative type – 6 steps):

Level-4 (Exclamatory type – 7 steps):

Exercise: Rewrite these sentences into indirect speech:

Reporting verb & Conjunction khw;WtJ ( Step 1 & Step 2)

,g;NghJ ehk; nra;aNtz;ba khw;wq;fSf;fhd gbfis xt;nthd;whf nra;J ghu;g;Nghk;

,g;NghJ ehk; nra;aNtz;ba khw;wq;fSf;fhd gbfis xt;nthd;whf nra;J ghu;g;Nghk;.

Level-8 (Imperative type – 6 steps):

29, 30. Simple - Compound - Complex Transformation:

mts; fbdkhf cioj;jhs; mjdhy; mts; gjf;fk; ntd;whs;.

2. And when the rockets thrust me on my trans-galactic hop

2. „It is the star to every wond‟ring bark

2. „The music in my heart I bore

41. Prose Paragraph (Prose section)

2. Write a paragraph on Chawla‟s achievements on space?

2. Write a paragraph on the quality of mercy.

42. Poem Paragraph (Poetry section)

Type Wrong Sentence (jtW) Right Sentence (rup) Reason (fhuzk;)

I received some informations. I received some information. ,jw;F plural fpilahJ.

He told to me a story. He told me a story. told f;Fg; gpwF to Njitapy;iy

unhappy / He is rich but $lhJ VjhtJ xd;Wjhd;

have escaped. escape. would + base verb-jhd; tUk;

43B. Correct and Edit a Passage:

44. Prepositions (or) Tense forms:

44B. Tense forms:

45. Sentence - Field Matching (or) Completing the News item:

45A. Sentence – Field Matching

45 B. Completing the News item: