NAME : DIRA DWIYUWINDRIANI

NIM : P07120316014
PRODI : D4 KEPERAWATAN TK.2
A. Sinusitis
Sinusitis is an inflammation or swelling of the tissue lining the sinuses. Healthy
sinuses are filled with air. But when they become blocked and filled with fluid, germs can
grow and cause an infection. Sinusitis causes by infection bacterial or fungal, allergies,
air pollution, structural problems in the nose. Pain killers such us naproxen, nasal steroid,
and nasal irrigation may be used to help with symptoms. This pain is typically localized
to the involved sinus and may worsen when the affected person bends over or when lying
down. Pain often starts on one side of the head and progresses to both sides. You can
feeling pain in the face, with a pain scale 3-5 (0-10).
B. Appendicitis
Is an inflammation of the appendix, a 3 ½ inch long tube of tissue that extends
from the large intestine. Appendicitis occuers when the appendix becomes blocked, often
by stool, a foreign body, or cancer. Blockage may also accur from infection, since the
appendix can swell in response to any infection in the body. In people with appendicitis
will experience pain in the right abdomen at the bottom. Usually the perceived pain scale
is 6 from (0-10).
C. Several migraine
A migraine can cause severe throbbing pain or a pulsing sensation, usually on just
one side of the head. Its often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and extreme sensitivity
to light and sound. Migraine attacks can cause significant pain for hours to days and can
be so severe that the pain is disabling. the pain location of several migraine is one of side
of our head. Such as in the left, right, middle (top of head) or back. The pain of several
migraine can be very stronger with pain scale 5-10 (0-10).
D. Broken leg
A broken leg is a break or crack in one of the bones in your leg. Common causes
include falls, motor vehicle accidents and sports injuries. The are a number of ways we
can break a leg, including falls, motor vehicle accidents, sport injuries, child abuse, or
overuse. A break in the keg may involve any these bones the femur,the lower end of the
 femur rests on top of the tibia, the kneecap (patella), an on the ankle with pain scale 8 (0-
10)
E. Tonsillitis
Is an acute swelling and irritation (inflammation) of the tonsils. Tonsillitis is
caused by a bacterial infection or a viral infection. The most common bacterial infection
that caused by a group A streptococcal infection of the tonsils and throat. In patients
suffering from tonsillitis will experience pain in the jaw due to swollen lymph nodes so
that when swallowing has difficulty and pain. The pain scale felt by patients with
tonsillitis is 4 from (0-10).
F. Lower back pain
Is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.
Lower back pain causes is usually non specific, occasionally significant underlying
cause. Lower back pain can also occur with other diseases, such as arthritis or
fibromyalgia and some serious (but rare) diseases such as cancer, kidney disease, or
blood diseases. The pain scale is 6-8 and this is not very stronger but not impossible if the
pain scale change to 8-10 or stronger pain.
G. Toothache
Toothache is a condition when there is pain in or around the teeth and jaw. The
severity of the pain may vary, from mild to severe. The pain of toothache can be felt
continuously throughout the day or may appear and disappear repeatedly uncertainly.
Often the pain of toothache worsens when the patient eats or drinks (especially hot or
cold food or drink) and when the patient lies down at night. Causes of toothache Inside
the tooth is a dental pulp. The dental pulp is the deepest layer of tooth structure consisting
of blood vessels and sensitive nerves. Toothache occurs when the pulp is inflamed.
Causes of inflammation can vary, including: Tooth decay (this condition is often caused
by the surface of cavities), dumping of pus at the base of the tooth due to bacterial
infection (periapical abscess), Gum shrinkage, cracked teeth, Patches damaged (in teeth
ever patched). Pain scale of thootache usually 3-6, because sometimes can change to be
8,9, or 10. Thootache very stronger or throbbing pain when pain scale in 10.
H. Eye brushing
Bruising around the eyes can cause blurred vision temporarily or make it difficult
to open your eyes. But it will not have any serious or permanent impact. The most
common cause of bruises around the eyes is injury due to a right blow to the eye,
forehead area, or nose. One or both eyes may be bruised, depending on what the trauma
looks like. Facial surgical procedures, such as facelift, jaw surgery, or nasal surgery can
cause bruising eyes. Other causes of eye brushing include allergic reactions, insect bites,
cellulitis (infection of the skin around the eyes), angioedema, and dental disease.
However, these conditions do not cause bruised skin color to darken. The describe pain is
moderate pain with scale 3-5.
I. Stomachache
Stomach ache or abdominal pain can be caused by many factors. Here are some causes of
abdominal pain based on the conditions that accompany it :
a. Abdominal pain due to diarrhea
b. Stomach cramps due to colds
c. Sudden and severe abdominal pain
d. Recurrent or chronic abdominal pain
The pain is feels like a burning sensation. The location of pain is in all side of
stomach. The pain scale is 7-9 and it is like shooting pain that the pain sudden moves
quickly from one place to another
J. Pain in labor
In general, the pain that occurs begins at the bottom of the back area, and then spreads in
the lower part of your abdomen including your legs. In addition, the pain during normal
birth begins with a feeling like being pierced to the top and then disappear by itself with
scale 9- or 10 (shooting pain). Some women feel this is the same as cramps during
menstrual periods are severe and disorders of the digestive tract like diarrhea. According
to the medical, the pain of contraction can be categorized as sharp as well as hot (somatic
sharp and burning). The pain that occurs when the baby's head appears in the area of
femininity. The tissue between the feminine area with the anus or perineum is stretched
tightly, which causes the baby's head to push it open. The pain felt by the mother who
gave birth was caused by the tearing of this tissue.