American International medical University

Name : Melisa S. Eleuthere

Preceptor : Nursing co Ordinator Mrs . Amsa Elumalai

Subject : OBGYN

Class : sem 6 Year 2

Date : 26/9/18

CURRENT ISSUES IN MATERNAL –NEWBORN NURSING

 Acknowledgement

History of all great works is to witness that no great work was ever done without either the active or
passive support of my lecturers and patients . To begin with firstly I want to give thanks and praise to
the Almighty God for giving me the breath of life to go through with this program , he has guided me
and helped me willing with my studies this I am thankful .

Motivation , inspiration and dedication have always played a key role in the success of any venture .
secondly I want to thank my family for encouraging me to move forward in my life . my wonderful
lecturers a big thank you , without you guys I wouldn’t have gain the knowledge and training .

My thanks and appreciation also goes to my wonderful classmates in developing the time and effort to
complete assignments . I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all .
 Table of content

Cover page

Acknowledgement

Introduction

Current issues in maternal and newborn babies

Conclusion

References
 INTRODUCTION

What is maternal nursing ?

Maternal-child nursing refers to a framework of health care provided for child-bearing women and their families.
Maternal-child nursing strives to approach the birth process as a natural life event rather than a medical procedure.
This field of nursing includes both prenatal care to pregnant women and health care to mothers and their newborn
infants. This health care also extends to the entire family.

A maternal-child nurse is often cross trained. They must retain skills and knowledge that allow them to assist the
patient during the entire hospital stay. The maternal-child nurse serves in roles related to labor, delivery, recovery,
operational, postpartum and management of high-risk pregnancies. Specific roles they may perform include fetal
monitoring, assisting in cesarean delivery and identifying postpartum complications.

The maternal-child nurse also often needs technical skills in order to effectively understand advanced equipment and
procedures. This also involves continuing education in order to stay up-to-date on the latest innovations and new
practices in the field. In addition, basic nursing skills are a necessity. These include pain management, patient and
family education, assessment, diagnosis and communication. Some areas of expertise in maternal-child nursing
include treating a pregnant teenager, a critically ill child, or another group within the community.

Maternal-child nursing often involves caring for a mother and baby simultaneously. Rather than the newborn infant
being in a nursery away from the mother and under the care of a different nurse, both mother and child are cared for
by the maternal-child nurse. This family-centered model of maternity health care encourages family cohesion and
bonding and facilitates education. The family-centered care model also encompasses care before and after the
delivery. This involves duties such as prenatal stress-testing and checking on new mothers and infants after
discharge.
 CURRENT ISSUES IN MATERNAL –NEWBORN NURSING

Contemporary Childbirth:

● Family-Centered Care: characterized by an emphasis on the family and family

involvement throughout the pregnancy, birth, and postpartum period, is accepted and

encouraged.

● In addition to the emphasis on the family, contemporary childbirth is also characterized

by an increasing number of choices about many aspects of the childbirth, such as:

○ Place of birth (Hospital, free-standing birthing center, or home birth)

○ Primary caregiver (Physician, Certified Nurse-midwife, or certified midwife)

○ Use of a doula

○ Birth-related experiences (Methods of childbirth preparation, use of analgesia

and anesthesia and position for labor and birth)

● Interest in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practices is growing

nationwide and is having an impact on the care of childbearing families. In response to

this trend, the NIH has established the National Center for Complementary and

Alternative Medicine (NCCAM).

○ It is important for nurses to communicate a willingness to work with women and

their families to recognize and respect these alternative approaches.

The Self-Care Movement and Health Promotion Education:

● The self-care movement began to emerge in the late 1960’s as consumers sought to understand
technology and take an interest in their own health and basic self-care skills. More and more people
have begun to exercise, control their diet, and monitor their psychologic and physiologic status.

● Healthcare providers can help foster self-care by focusing on health promotion education during every
patient encounter.

○ This may be as simple as discussing actions that foster a healthy lifestyle, or more involved for a
person with a chronic health condition.
THE HEALTH CARE ENVIRONMENT

● Changes in the healthcare environment are influencing women’s health and maternal-newborn
nursing. Several factors contribute to this, including the following○ Demographic changes, recognition of
the need to improve access to care, implementation of the affordable care act, public demand for more
effective healthcare options, new research findings, and women’s preferences for health care.

● HIPAA: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 has two areas of focus .

○ 1. Protects the health insurance coverage of employees and their family if they lose a job or change
jobs.

○ 2. Addresses the privacy and security of healthcare information and requires that national standards
be established for the electronic transmission of healthcare data.

Culturally Competent Care:

● Specific elements that contribute to a family’s value system include the following○ Religion and social
beliefs, presence and influence of the extended family, communication patterns, beliefs and
understanding about the concepts of health and illness, permissible physical contact with strangers and
education.

● Specific differences in beliefs between families and healthcare providers are common in the following
areas:

○ Help-seeking behaviors, Pregnancy and childbirth practices, causes of disease and illness, death and
dying, caretaking and caregiving, and childrearing practices.

● Nurses need to be able to recognize, respect, and respond to ethnic diversity in a way that leads to an
outcome that is satisfactory to both the patient and the healthcare provider.

● When the family’s cultural values are incorporated into the care plan, the family is more likely to
accept and comply with the needed care, especially in the home care setting.

Legal and Ethical Considerations:

● Scope of Practice: State NPA’s protect the public by broadly defining the legal scope of practice within
which every nurse must function and by excluding untrained or unlicensed individuals from practicing
nursing.

○ It is important to note that hospital or agency policies may restrict the scope of practice specified in a
state NPA, but such policy cannot expand the scope of practice beyond limits stated in the practice act.

● Standards of Nursing Care: Establish minimum criteria for competent, proficient delivery of nursing
care. Such standards are designed to protect the public and are used to judge the quality of care
provided.

● Patients rights : Encompass such topics as informed consent, privacy, and confidentiality .
Informed constant ; is a legal concept designed to allow patients to make intelligent decisions regarding
their own health care. Informed consent means that a patient has granted permission for a specific
treatment or procedure based on full information about that specific treatment or procedure as it
relates to that patient under the specific circumstances of that patient.

■ Several elements must be addressed to ensure a patient has given informed consent.

● Information must be clearly presented in a manner understandable to the patient and must include
risks and benefits, the probability of success, and significant treatment alternatives. The patient also
needs to be told the consequences of receiving no treatment or procedure. Finally the patient must be
told of the right to refuse a specific treatment or procedure. Each patient should be told that refusing
the specific treatment does not result in the withdrawal of all support or care.

○ Right to Privacy: Is the right of a person to keep his or her person and property free from public
scrutiny. Maternity nurses need to remember that this includes avoiding unnecessary exposure of the
childbearing woman’s body.

■ In the context of healthcare, the right of privacy dictates that only those responsible for a person’s
care should examine the person or discuss his or her case. ○ Confidentiality: Privileged communications
between physician and patient. Special Ethical Situations in Maternity Care:

● Maternal-Fetal Conflict: Until fairly recently the mother and fetus were viewed as a single complex
patient, now due to advances in technology and being able to treat the fetus separate from the mother
it is being viewed as a patient on its own.

● Abortion

● Fetal Research

Consent form
Pictures showing varies ways of maternal and newborn nursing
 References

Old’s maternal –Newborn nursing and womens health

Study blue

Nureslabs
 Conclusion

Excellence in the delivery of health care services to new mothers and their infants is a realistic goal that
can be achieved in nursing today. This paper identifies some specific challenges toward achieving this
goal. Nurses who are concerned about achieving excellence in maternal-newborn practice can examine
their beliefs and attitudes and act not only as individuals but also as a group to take responsibility for
ensuring quality nursing care in maternal newborn nursing.