5. Solve simultaneously y = ax − 1 and y = x 2 .

x 2 = ax − 1 , x 2 − ax + 1 = 0 . For y = ax − 1 to be a tangent to
y = x 2 , x 2 − ax + 1 = 0 has only one solution,
Mathematical Methods 3/4 Trial Exam 1 Solutions 2006
i.e. ∆ = 0 , (− a ) − 4(1)(1) = 0 , ∴ a = 2 given that a > 0 .
2
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e x +1 6a.
1a. f : (− 1, ∞ ) → R, f (x ) = .
2
e x +1 e0 1
Equation of f is y = . At x = −1 , y = = ; as x → ∞ ,
2 2 2
1 
y → ∞ . ∴range of f is  , ∞  .
2 
e y +1
Equation of f −1
is x = , 2 x = e y +1 , y = log e (2 x ) − 1 ,
2
∴ f −1 (x ) = log e (2 x ) − 1 .
6b.
−1 1 
1b. The domain of f is the range of f, i.e.  , ∞  .
2 

2a. Apply the product rule,

 1 
d
dx
( )
2 x cos( x ) = (cos( x )) + 2 x
 ( )( sin(x ))
−

 x
cos(x ) − 2 x sin ( x )
= .
x
Area of the required region bounded by the two curves
1
2b. f ′(x ) = , = 2 × area of the shaded region (graph above)
(2 − x )2 1
 x4  1  3
∴ f (x ) = ∫
1 1
1
( )
= 2 ∫ x 3 − 1 dx = 2 − x  = − 2 − 1 = .
∫ (2 − x ) dx = 2 − x + C .
−2
dx = 0
4 0 4  2
(2 − x )2
1
f (3) = −1 + C = 3 , ∴ C = 4 , and f (x ) = + 4.
2− x 6c. y = x 3 − 1 is differentiable for x ≠ 1 , ∴maximal domain is
R \ {1} .
3. To find the x-intercept, let y = 0 , ∴ 3 sin (x ) + cos(x ) = 0 ,
sin (x ) 1 1
∴ 3 sin (x ) = − cos(x ) , =− , tan (x ) = − ,
cos(x ) 3 3 7a. Given u (x ) = log e ( x ) and f (x ) = x 2 + 1 ,
5π ∴ f (u ( x )) = f (log e ( x )) = (log e (x )) + 1 .
2
∴x = is the smallest positive value.
6
7b. Apply the chain rule: f ′(u (x )) = f ′(u ) × u ′(x )
4a. f (x ) = 2 sin (3x ) , where x ∈ [0,2π ] ,
1 2 log e (x )
 x 1
1  x  2  3  2 = 2u (x ) × = .
g (x ) = f   =  2 sin 3   = sin  x  . Amplitude = x x
 
3 2 3   
2 3  2  3
4π 2 log e (x ) 2 log e (x )
and period = . 7c. Since = f ′(u (x )) , ∴ ∫ dx = ∫ f ′(u (x ))dx ,
3 x x
log e (x ) 1 1 1
∴∫ dx = ∫ f ′(u (x ))dx = f (u (x )) + c = (log e ( x )) + C
2
2 2 3  2
4b. h( x ) = g ( x ) −
= sin  x  − . x 2 2 2
3 3 2  3
 4  1
Domain: [0,4π ] ; range: − ,0 . An anti-derivative is (log e (x ))2 .
 3  2

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8. The water is pumped from the vessel at a constant rate of 2 m3 12.
per minute. ∴air is filling the vessel at a constant rate of 2 m3 C
per minute. 0.2
C 0.8
Relationship between the height (h) of air above the water 0.2 T
surface and the side-length of water surface (x):
x 3 3h C
= , ∴x = . 0.8 C
h 4 4
T 0.9
Volume of air above the water inside the vessel: 0.1
2 T
1 2 1  3h  3h 3
V = x h=   h= .
3 3 4  16 Pr (3rdTEA) = Pr (CCT ) + Pr (CTT ) = 0.2 × 0.8 + 0.8 × 0.1 = 0.24 .

dV dV dh 9h 2 dh
Related rate: = × = × .
dt dh dt 16 dt

When the depth of water is 1 m, the height of air above is 3 m,

9(3)
2
dh dh 32
∴2 = × ,∴ = , i.e. the height of air above is Please inform mathline@itute.com re conceptual,
16 dt dt 81 mathematical and/or typing errors
32
rising at m per minute. Hence the depth of water is falling at
81
32
m per minute.
81

9a. Since µ = 5 , ∴ Pr ( X < 5) = 0.5 .

9b. Since µ = 5 and σ = 1.5 ,

1
∴ Pr ( X ≥ 8) = Pr ( X ≥ µ + 2σ ) = (1 − 0.95) = 0.025 .
2

0.3 if 0 ≤ x < 2

10a. f (x ) =  p if 2 ≤ x ≤ 6
 0 if x < 0orx > 6

0.3 × 2 + p × 4 = 1 , 4 p = 0.4 , ∴ p = 0.1 .

10b. Pr (− 2 < X ≤ 3)
= Pr (− 2 < X < 0) + Pr (0 ≤ X < 2) + Pr (2 ≤ X ≤ 3)
= 0 + 0.3 × 2 + 0.1 × 1 = 0.7 .

1
11. X has a binomial distribution with n = 3 , p = and
3
x 3− x
1  2
Pr ( X = x )= 3C x     .
3  3

x 0 1 2 3
8 4 2 1
Pr ( X = x )
27 9 9 27

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