Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
i\
JOURNAL
OF
BIBLICAL
LITERATURE
Editor
J. PHILIP HYATT
Editorial Committee
HENRY J. CADBURY FREDERICK C. GRANT
MORTON S. ENSLIN HERBERT G. MAY
FLOYD V. FILSON JAMES MUILENBURG
HENRY S. GEHMAN HARRY M. ORLINSKY
H. L. GINSBERG AMOS N. WILDER
VOLUME LXVII
1948
A QUARTERLY
PUBLISHED BY THE- SOCIETY OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE
AND EXEGESIS
Reprinted with the permission of The Society of Biblical Literature and Exegcsis
JOHNS ON REPRI NT CORPORATION JOHNSON R E PRINT COMPANY LIMITED
n )p.?3~ UNIYE
• l'_ ~ i!
r.~': ¡·_·:. I\ ~ ..· l)!. I ;/ ~l/, r:f:'
.... ' .. \I'\l~. A.
... " .. r\
1
h,
it
! tl
c,
I o'
I
!
p
a
ti
11
V
f,
v
,
"
GEORGE V. ]OURDAN
UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN
, Gorgias 508 and Laws X 903. Cp. Symposium, ed. by W. R . Lamb (1925),
pp, 130, 146, and Erwin Rohde, Psyche (Tübingen 1910), 11, 294.
'Hauck in Kittel, Theol. Wiirterbuch 111, 799. Apparently, Murmelstein
tried to import sorne such interpretation into the Pauline formula Év XPLUTcíl
fLVa.¡ by assuming that the apostle was describing Christ as "die Summe alIer
Seelen", "anima generalis" - ibid. p. 805 n.
3 Isa 1 23; Prov 28 24.
111
I
112 ]OURNAL OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE
h
as to mark themselves off from 'am ha-'arets, "the people of the
land."5 Likewise, later on, J;,abúrah was used in the general
i 11
I
]OURDAN: KOINnNIA IN 1 CORINTHIANS 10 16 113 ;
. 4
>
.~
e Seau wagt PIs nicht zu reden. Diese ist irn N'. T. durch Christus verrnittelt, irn
.1 :\ . T. zB durch den Altar, 1 Kor 1018." It is at the least questionable if the
anc ient Hebrews regarded their sacrificial worship as establishing a relation-
:l ship to God.
1 See Albrecht Oepke's artic1e on EII, in Kittel, Theol. Wiirterbuch 1I, 537 ff.,
and Hauck's rernarks, ibid., HI , 805.
I 8 Kittel, Theol. Wiirterbuch, 111, 807. The sarne thought is inherent in
I
'r Phil 1 7 and 4 14.
n • Kittel, Theol. Wiirterbuch, 111, 810. Hauck here has drawn attention to the
[act that the fellowship-life of the Pythagoreans provided sorne points of
f
I
114 ]OURNAL OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE
823), there was more in his thought than the recognition of 310
his colleague's practical assistance in the work of evangelization. wit
There was a recognition of the younger man's sharing with him by
in the tribulations of the present time and the glory of the future. mel
Likewise, he applied the same term KOLVWVOS to Philemon, suc
implying thereby a spiritual kinship that stood far higher than Ne'
the amity which was mutual to both, or even than their common IT
sharing in the unity of the Church. He implied, in fact, the the
Christ-felIowship which was common not only to Philemon and too
himself but to the whole Church, wherein "share-giving" was one rep
wi th "share-recei ving. " con
Sto PauI's conception of Christ-felIowship was bound to in- !n_
elude "share-giving", as welI as the more usual "share-having" an
and "share-receiving." For that reason, in Romans he incuIcated wh
the Christian obligation of "share-giving" to the saints who 1
were in need of help. And for the apostIe this KOLVWVOVVTES, res
this ÉKOLvwvr¡CTav, referred not so much to an offer of donations (KO
of money as to a visible demonstration of the KOLvwvía which, 7rV,
15 Cp. Ernst von Dobschütz, " Zwei- und Dreigliedrige Formeln," in the ]BL
L (1931 ), 142, and Martin Dibelius, Hdbuch z. N. T . 111 (1911) , p. 52. Hans
Windisch (Hdbuch. z. N . T., IV, 1913, p. 21) , in his comment on Heb 24
maintains that the writer of Hebrews nowhere recognizes the Holy Spirit as a
distinct Person in aDivine Trinity.
16 Lietzmann , Hdbuch. z. N. T ., !II (1909) p. 224. Campbe\1, op. cit. p. 379,
notes th a t Lietzmann was wrong in assuming that here the phrase could
mean "fe\1owship created by the Holy Spirit," and that this German scholar
has, in his 3rd edito of the Hdbuch z. N . T. omitted this suggestion and con- {
fined himself solely to the rendering "fe\1owship in the Holy Spirit."
17 Op. cit. , pp. 56-72.
18 M. P. Gr. LXI. 608.
]OURDAN: KOINnNIA IN 1 CORINTHIANS 10 16 117
are the properties of the Triad that, where the KOtVWV¿a of the
Spirit is, there al so is (dJpMh¡) that of the Soo, aod where the
XáptS of the Soo ¡s, there al so is that oí the Father and the
Holy Spirit." Thus surely this great cornrnentator rnade it
manifest that he regarded KOLvwvía, XáPL'l and á:yá7rr¡ to be
gifts from the three Divine Persons equaHy. That being so, aH
the genitives of the blessing must be taken for subjectives.
After Sto John Chrysostom, Seesemann cited Theodoret,x9 but
this ancient writer is in close agreement with the Byzantine
e Patriarch and enlarges on the comment just quoted with an
observation that Sto Paul, in his first epistIe,'o referred to God the
h Father Tu' EVEp"(~¡;.aTa which he al so said were of the Holy
:l Spirit.
y We may express a doubt if the definition of KOLvwvLa· I pro-
16
nounced by Euthymius Zigabenus does in fact lend any support
y to Seesemann's theory. The latter has not observed that, in
·0 his PanoPlia Dogmatica, the Greek theologian maintained" that
~e the Divine Triad of Persons is such that what is true of one
'e Person is true of each of the other two Persons, and later on,'3
" j
when commenting on II Cor 13 13, he said:
IS
The grace - nay, the gift - given by the Triad is givenfrom the Father,
s- through the Son, in the Holy Spirit. For just as the grace [that comes]
IS from the Father is given through the Son, even so the sharing together in
of what is given cannot take place in us unless [impartedl in (or, by) the
:1
al Hely Spirit. For being partakers of the latter (or, His partakers), we have oC
the Father the love, oC the Son the grace, and of the Spirit Himself the
Iy sharing together."
,le
When the extract from Üecumenius's commentary which Seese-
SL mann has cited (with the addition made by Theophylact) is
ms well pondered, it will probably be found that the objective force
24
of roí) u'''(LOV 7rVEÍJ¡;.aTo'$ is not at aH so well established as
sa
Seesemann has imagined!4
79,
uld 19 M. P. Gr. LXXXII. 457.
,lar 20 That is to say, 1 Cor 12 4-1l.
en- " Quoted by Seesemann, op. cit. p. 50.
" M. P. Gr. CXXX, col. 61. '3 ¡bid. col. 721.
'4 Cp. C. F. Georg Heinrici, Meyers Kommentar über das Neue Testament
(8 ed., 1900), p. 435.
118 ]OURNAL OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE
)ears
¡ " Paulus (1925), p. 107.
Cor
I
f
"But cp. Sch6ttgen, Horae Hebraicae et Talmudicae (Lipsiae 1733), 1,
629-631.
t
120 }OURNAL OF BIBLICAL LITERA TURE
I
1
JOURDAN: KOINnNIA IN I CORINTHIANS 10 16 123
'91, 221.
1
i
•• His KOLvwvía 1rpOS 'A1rÓAAWVa (Opera, ed. Cohn et Reiter, Berolini
i 1915, VI, p. 175) has a certain resemblance to Sto PauI's KOLVwvía 1rPOS uKóros.
¡
1
124 JOURNAL OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE