1.

VALW / Power Always or MAIN DC POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT LINE

Power used is DC ( Direct current ) DC voltage in use 19V 3.2A generally but there
is also 15V - 20V adapter RANGE voltage used depend on LAPTOP brands.
It better to use motherboard manufacture by using Motherboard code ,we would know
how much adapter voltage usage.Clavo motherboard manufacture usually use for
18.5V~3.2a Quanta 19V~3.4a Toshiba(15V-19V) , IBM(16V-19V) Compal-
Inventec-Winstron- etc. ) .

VALW also supplying adapter current sensor detector detected by charger IC (see
datasheet to know how system charging/discharging work) ,When the charger ic
sensor detects current adapter present ACIN~ACDET funcion pin on schema )and
confirmed to SIO to manage charging system .

Acin / ACEDET is important as the voltage sensor for ic voltage charger to pass (adp)
Adapter fets current, passed several resistor voltage 19V voltage scaled according to
demand charger ic (V.i.R)..
The are standard voltage for sensor each Charger ic .Open datasheet ic charger
concerned for more detail .
VALW /Always Voltage The main VALW supply comes from adaptor,Started from
DC jack flow to MAIN VALW Circuit.this is a MAIN POWER INSTALATION ON
CIRCUIT ,some of using FUSE (F) to safety reason some not.This main power supply
circuit using 1 or more P Channel mosfet transistor to maintain stabilized power and
distribute power for Charger IC and DC/DC main power supply IC as VCC Power
supply.This is important power need to activate that component.Main power also
contribute N channel source adapter voltage need processed by the DC / DC main
power supply IC (see the datasheet to know how this ic work) produced 3V and
5V_ALW and supply whole 5V and 3V device. if one of this Power missing
,motherboard will not be able to live or referred to the dead .

Before discussing the Power 5V and 3V_ALW should we understand the pathways
19V_ALW . Starting from Jack Power Adaptor sure incoming voltage by a voltage
adapter . example is work at 19V~3.2a

Make sure the voltage is present 19V_ALW or (according adapter voltage) for ic
charger / Battery ic VCC and for adapter current sensor detector (greater than 2.4V).
missing this supply 19V stop by CSIP than 19V blocked by Analog ground coming
from charging IC .some other board blocking 19V by closing/opening gate P channel
mosfet . Than 19V stop and won't supply to +BAT line and deactivated motherboard
3V and 5V system.

DC / DC main power supply ic and upper /hi N channel (Source )need 19V adapter
voltage as VCC power to activated component.

and how to work the upper and lower N channel 5V and 3V voltage distribution
2.VS the Power Switch

VS is voltage that appears after switch on than switch button send a signal through
EC_ON# (different board manufacture may have different pin name) to SIO or lately
know by EMBEDDED CONTROLLER(EC) .than EC started to regulated signal by
given signal gate to powered any device on VS state .
VALW main power suplay standby to get N channel Sources when the signal ( open
/ close Gate ) transistor to pass voltage through Mosfet ( Drain ) as much as gate
requirement than become Source for
VS voltage .
The first one that must be understood is how the system works to enable/disable
Power on VS

Laptop requirements in order to switch on first are the availability of 3V and 5VALW.
Careful when finding 5VALW missing , switched on first cause of several
motherboard, 5VALW appear after switch on .Than 3V_ALW or 3VPCU provide
power supply to the EC , BIOS IC , South Bridge ( SB ) , clock generator and
oscylator on ALW voltage .
VSB or swuitch voltage button (3.3V) will appear after Bios and EC powered. some
of laptop motherboard will found 17V switch voltage on one of pin switch button but
after switch -on voltage is changed to be 3.3 V.This is normal. Press power button (
short to ground ) then 3.3VSB will turn into 0V and back to 3.3V.and if standby VSB
17V press power button VSB become 0V and back to 3.3V. than power button is a
good sign . steps further is the signal being sent to the EC ( Embedded controller
NPCE 885LAODX ) signal names is NBSWON # most other brands of EC signal
name may SW_ON, EC_ON or whatever name of the signal as long as signal coming
from SW1 sent to EC , this voltage must respond in the same manner of testing power
button , BIOS IC and firmware connected to SPI interface to the EC .Signal
confirmation to ensure EC BIOS working properly is RSMRST # for3.3V.RSMRST#
signal sometimes appear after switch on and other motherboard without switch on 3.3
V already present .Modern Motherboard has 2 or 3 IC BIOS. Identified EC BIOS
which is usually one-page schema with EC names EC BIOS.

Other important signal from EC is DNBSWON # ,this is PWR_BTN signal to switch

on South bridge sent by the EC after receiving NBSWON # signal from power button
. DNBSWON # 3.3V must be present otherwise it would not switch on , after this
signal appears then the SB will sent SUSCLK # signal back to the EC and turn on VS
as trigger for all switching gate driver as VR_ON , Suson , MAINON , S5_ON or
SLP_S3 , SLP_S4 and SLP_S5 . and for all the Vs voltage to the Device .
VS POWER SUPPLY for BOOTSTRAP DEVICE :There are three
BOOTSTRAP device : Processor -Sodim -NB/SB/GPU chip ,each device has a
different names of power :
PROCESSOR power name by VCCORE-CPUCORE,SODIM power name by
VCCRAM,CHIP power name by VCCP .With out this power the device won't
display or not able to load boot up process .

VS for Strap Boot device :

1.Procesor ( VCCORE ) Standard voltage 0.9 VS - 1.5VS
see VCCORE ic power required and how it works
How to test the voltage spike VCCORE ( processor power surge )

2.SODIM/RAM ( VCCRAM )
Standar Voltage rail for DDRII is 1.8VS and 0.9VTT
and for DDRIII for 1.5VS and 0.75 VTT

3.CHIP POWER ( VCCP )

see each chip datasheet to get Voltage rail get know their power sources come from
including stepping signal enable through S5~S0 sleep state.

VS to Device
( Lcd / led , hdd , optical , usb , wifi , bloutooth , keyboard ,
sound , camera etc. ) For details on each Rail Voltage VS can be seen in the
schema INDEX FOR EACH DEVICE.

3.Signal
( the wave triger / sensor /2 way confirmation signal / data interface)

Signal function is open / close gate charge of organizing stages enable / disable each
component or PCI ( Peripheral commucation interface ) . system signal regulated by
Microcontroller where the manufacturer
has made the format settings the form of firmware that is planted into the bios IC to
managed embedded
controlling input output system for each ic interface. .
Differences circuit and component arrangement on the motherboard of course require
different settings Microcontroller , so each different motherboard brand and series
firmaware will necessarily require different settings .

Copyright_adiedkhaz