New Zealand Institute of Physics

ASSESSMENT SCHEDULE

Physics Level 2
91170 Demonstrate understanding of waves

Note: Minor computational errors will not be penalised. A wrong answer will be accepted as correct provided there is sufficient evidence that the mistake is not due to a lack
of understanding. Such evidence includes:

 the last written step before the answer is given has no unexpanded brackets or terms and does not require rearranging.
 the power of any number that is multiplied by a power of 10 is correct.
Correct units and significant figures are required only in the questions that specifically ask for them.
Physics: Demonstrate understanding of waves (91170)

For each question:

NØ N1 N2 A3 A4 M5 M6 E7 E8

No relevant Very little Some evidence Most evidence Nearly all Some evidence Most evidence Evidence Evidence provided
evidence. Achievement at Achievement at Achievement evidence at at Merit level at Merit level provided for for most tasks and
evidence. level; partial level. Achievement with remainder with some most tasks, Excellence level is
explanations. level. at Achievement evidence at but weak or accurate and full.
level. Achievement incomplete
level. at Excellence
level.

No response; no 1a 2a 3a 4a 1m + 3a 2m + 2a 1e+ 2m 1e + 2m + 1a
relevant
evidence.

Other combinations are also possible. (Using a=1; m=2; e=3) However, for M5 or M6 at least one Merit question needs to be correct. For E7 or E8 at least one Excellence needs to be correct.

Evidence Statement

Question One Evidence Achievement Merit Excellence

(a) 𝑣 3 × 108 Correct answer
𝑓= = = 5.64 × 1014 𝐻𝑧
𝜆 5.32 × 10−7
(b) Bright bands are due to constructive interference. These are Recognises bright bands Bright and dark linked to Complete answer.
regions where the crest of the wave from one slit combines with are constructive constructive and
the crest of another. The path difference between the waves interference or destructive due to
from the two slits is either zero (central band) or a whole crests/crests meeting crests/troughs from each
number of wavelengths. OR slit overlapping
Dark bands are due to destructive interference, where the crest dark bands are regions
of one wave combines with the trough of another wave. The of destructive
path difference is either half a wavelength or an odd mulitiple of interference or
half wavelengths. crestss/troughs meeting
(c) Air Eye Ray direction turns Ray direction turns towards
towards the normal the normal
OR AND
Wavelength is smaller Wavelength is smaller in
in the eye the eye
AND
Ray direction is at right
angles to wavefronts

(d) One correct normal Normals drawn correctly,

drawn with the ray with ray bending.
bending correctly at Ray shown going towards
one interface (towards normal when entering eye,
normal when entering and going away from
eye, away from normal normal when entering
when entering bubble) bubble.
Question Two Evidence Achievement Merit Excellence
(a) Bottom ray goes Bottom ray goes straight,
straight top ray hits screen where
OR bottom ray hits. Focal point
f top ray bends to where is labelled where the top
focal point is labelled ray crosses over the
principal axis.

(b) Real, inverted and magnified Correct answer (any

one of three)
(c) 𝑑𝑖 Correct image distance Uses magnification Correct working and
𝑚= 𝑠𝑜 𝑑𝑖 = 𝑚𝑑𝑜 = 1.6 × 5.5 = 8.8 𝑐𝑚
𝑑𝑜 OR equation and lens equation answer
1 1 1 1 1 Uses lens equation with with one mistake.
= + = + = 0.295
𝑓 𝑑𝑖 𝑑𝑜 8.8 5.5 incorrect value for
1 image distance
𝑓= = 3.3846 = 3.4 𝑐𝑚
0.295

(d) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Uses correct equation, Correct working and

= − = − = + =
𝑑𝑜 𝑓 𝑑𝑖 20 −30 20 30 12 but has positive value answer
𝑑𝑜 = 12 𝑐𝑚 for image distance (will
get value for object
distance of 60 cm)
 Question Three Evidence Achievement Merit Excellence
(a) Total internal reflection occurs when a light ray in a substance Gives criteria for TIR Gives criteria for TIR Correct calculation and
with a higher refractive index hits an interface with a substance OR AND explanation
with a lower refractive index, and the angle of incidence at the States air has lower States air has lower
boundary is greater than the critical angle. refractive index and refractive index and angle
angle of incidence is of incidence is more than
The critical angle of the eye-air interface is more than the critical the critical angle
𝑛1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1 = 𝑛2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃2 angle
1.38 × 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐 = 1.00 × sin 90° OR OR
sin 90° Calculates critical angle
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐 = 1.00 × = 0.7246
1.38 Calculates critical angle and
−1
𝜃𝑐 = sin 0.7246 = 46.4° states angle of incidence is
The angle of incidence is 75 ° which is larger than the critical more than the critical angle
angle, so the light will be totally internally reflected.
(b) Ray of light goes straight into gonioscope (no bending) Correct answer
(c) 𝜆𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑛𝑔𝑜𝑛 Correct calculation of Correct working and
=
𝜆𝑔𝑜𝑛 𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑟 frequency answer
𝑛𝑔𝑜𝑛 1.38 OR
𝜆𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 𝜆𝑎𝑖𝑟 = × 3.80 × 10−7 = 5.24 × 10−7 𝑚 Correct equation with
𝑛𝑎𝑖𝑟 1.00
(Or by calculating frequency first using 𝑣 = 𝑓𝜆) small mistake made
(d) 𝑛1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1 = 𝑛2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃2 Correct answer for Correct working and
1.00 × 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1 = 1.38 × sin 20° 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1, or swaps 𝑛1 and answer
sin 20° 𝑛2 around in equation.
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1 = 1.38 × = 0.47198
1.00
𝜃1 = sin−1 0.47198 = 28.16 = 28°

Judgement Statement

Achievement Achievement
Not Achieved Achievement
with Merit with Excellence

0–7 8 – 13 14 – 18 19 – 24
Score range