POINTS OF GREAT BRITAIN
COMPARISON
* Parliamentary Democracy
Politics in Action -Magna Carta (1215)
and -Tudors and Break with Rome
Critical Junctures -Stuarts Monarchy (James I)
-Charles I and English Civil
War (1642-51)
-Oliver Cromwell’s
Commonwealth
-Stuart Restoration (Charles
II and James II)
-Glorious Revolution (1688)
and Bill of Rights (1689)
* Popular Democracy
-American and French
Revolution
-Industrialization and
“Industrial Elite”
-First Reform Act (1832)
-Second Reform Act (1867)
-1884: included almost all
working males
-1918: married women
-1928: single women over
21
-1969: lowered from 21 to
18
-Stripping House of Lords of
power (1911)
* Industrialization and
Empire
-1870: ¼ of all manufactured
production from UK
-1905: about ¼ of all people
in the earth
-Pervasive Problem of Decline
-Catch-up on
Industrialization (US,
Germany)
-Decolonization
-World Wars
-Cold War (mid 1940’s
1980’s)
-Postwar Decline
-2nd largest industrial
power in 1950
-2004: 19th in per capita
GDP
-Changing Population and
large-scale Immigration:
made the population
ethnically far more diverse
-Moral Codes: made the
population become more
individualistic and less
deferential
-The moral code that
prevailed in 1945 broke
down, a process formalized
by legal changes in the
1960s
-Legalization of abortion and
homosexuality, abolishment
of capital punishment,
women empowerment
-UK membership to the
European Union since 1973
Geographic Setting * Devolved Government
and its Implications -UK Parliament’s transfer of
powers to national
parliaments or assemblies
-Establishment of The
Scottish Parliament, the
National Assembly for Wales
and the Northern Ireland
FRANCE
* Ancient France
-part of the Roman Empire
-Franks, a Germanic Tribe
ruled over France in 5 AD
* French Revolution
-downfall of the French
Monarchy: Proclamation of First
Republic
* Second and Third Republics
-the Third Republic was
created under the shadow of
Military defeat and Civil War
* Fourth Republic
-the Constitution gave
Parliament supreme power
* Fifth Republic
-Judiciary, media, and local
governments given
strengthened autonomy
* 2002 Strikes
* Stopped Freight
Movements
* Western Europe, bordering the
Bay of Biscay and English
Channel, between Belgium
and Spain, southeast of the
UK; bordering the
Mediterranean Sea, between
Italy and Spain
This geographical position gives
GERMANY ITALY JAPAN
MAKING OF
* Nationalism and German * Roman Empire * Warring State Period THE
Unification -founding of Rome * Establishment of the MODERN
* Second Reich -Rome becomes a Republic Tokugawa System STATE
* Weimar Republic * Post-Roman Empire * Growth and Decline of the
* Third Reich -establishment of the Papacy Tokugawa System
* Cold War -sack of Rome * The Meiji Restoration
* Fall of Berlin Wall: A United * Italian Renaissance * Fukazawa and New
Germany -control of European trade Westernism
with Asia * Establishment of a Modern
-defeat under the hands of Bureaucracy
French Army (both France and * Japanese Imperialism and
Holy Roman Empire vied for the Modern Industrialized
Control of Italy) Society
* Napoleon Bonaparte * Crisis of the Political
-conquered Northern Italy Community
and establishment of Italian
Republics
-Napoleon’s defeat divided
Italy
* The Unification of Italy
(Risorgimento) under
Giuseppe Garibaldi
* Fascist Italy
* Allied forces Invade Italy,
Fascists defeated
* Italy joined European Coal
and Steel Community
(which would become the
EU)
* DC Party Dominance
* Roman Catholicism
deinstitutionalized as State
Religion
* Fall of Christian
Democratic Party
* Olive Tree coalition voted
in to power
* EU Constitution
* Uncertain geographic * Control of the * Stores 10% of the world’s
boundaries and religious activities Mediterranean most active volcanoes
hindered German state formation - Roman Civilization * Prone to natural hazards or
*Landlocked * Control of Southern disasters
- Military Perspective: not Europe - strengthened environmental
prone to naval attacks - Axis Powers used Italy as a or environment-protection laws
- Economic: lack of natural portal to control other Southern and policies
aquatic resources European and North African - world’s leading researcher on