For the past 5 years, the Philippines were using the new system of Education

called the K-12 program. In summary, as said from the Official Gazette of the
government of the Philippines, the K-12 program covers Kindergarten and the basic 12
years of Education (Primary, Junior High School and Senior High School). “Providing
sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare
graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and
entrepreneurship.” This type of system has been a product of globalization and the
Philippines is one of the last countries in the world to apply this system of education.
From the past system that is using a 10-year pre-university cycle, the country is really
undergoing a major change to bring in line with education system from around the
world. With this change in the system of education has far reaching consequences and
is important for international institutions in looking for new students that have potential.
Rebuilding the Philippines' essential instructive framework through the K to 12 Program
is an extreme yet vital move by the administration to guarantee that it produces skilled
graduates who can fill in as the spine for a profoundly gifted and employable work
constrain. This research is aiming to look on how ready the Philippines is for this system
of education This research will be looking mostly at the negative effects of this system
nowadays which covers causes and effects, leadership and management, and statistics
report on how this system of education turned out in the past years.

 What is the K-12 system and why does the Philippines need the K-12
System?
In the Philippines, one of the significant pushes of previous President Benigno
Aquino's administration was the upgrade of the essential instruction program known as
the Republic Act No. 10533 arrangement 2012 which was marked into law on May 15,
2013. The law was ordered and declared on the grounds that the Philippines is the last
nation in Asia and one of just three nations worldwide with a 10-year pre-college cycle.
This ongoing instructive change endeavors organized by the Philippine government
aims to enhance the nature of the secondary school graduates. These new graduates
are imagined to end up more focused in the worldwide business field and to bring more
achievement that would contribute towards building the country and be at standard with
whatever remains of the world. The execution of the general kindergarten started in SY
2011-2012, trailed by the new educational modules for Grade 7 in SY 2012-2013. This
was fundamentally intended to fortify the Philippine essential training educational
programs and increment the quantity of long periods of fundamental instruction. The
new program covers Kindergarten in addition to 12 years of fundamental training. Under
this program an understudy will be required to experience kindergarten, six years of
basic, four years of middle school and two years of Senior High School. The extra two
years in senior secondary school was focused to get ready understudies for tertiary
instruction, center level aptitudes advancement, business enterprise, and worldwide
work. Be that as it may, the full usage of the K-12 program will be set apart by the
section of the main group of senior secondary schools in June 2016. This would imply
that there will be no school freshmen students for SY 2016-2017 and SY 2017-2018 and
no second-year enrollees for SY 2017-2018 and SY 2018-2019. While there will as of
now be other enrollees by 2018; there will be no third-year undergrads for SY 2018-
2019 and SY 2019-2020, and no fourth-year school enrollees for SY 2019-2020 and SY
2020-2021. Schools and Universities or the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are
expecting a drop of enlistment amid these five years until SY 2021-2022 when things
are required to standardize. As the new school educational modules begins to come in
SY 2016-2017 most universities and colleges will be influenced, by the drop of
enlistment as well as by the decrease obviously offering and abatement in personnel
outstanding burden. The remaining task at hand of General Education school
employees will be antagonistically influenced on account of the eliminating or potentially
realignment of courses since a portion of the school subjects are as of now moved and
instructed in the senior secondary school. It tends to be translated from the above
situations, that no new enrollees and decrease of outstanding burden for workforce,
would mean loss of wage for schools and colleges, diminish in personnel
compensations, and conceivably, insufficient employments for instructors. Henceforth,
making a genuine risk to the work of school workforce and staff working in the advanced
education part. The Higher Education Institutions (HEIs, for example, colleges and
schools) are seen as basic accomplices in executing the K-12 training strategy at the
national level. With couple of months left before the K-12 program is going full speed
ahead, HEIs have been deciding to guarantee that their organization is prepared for the
change time frame in 2016 where there will be no freshmen enrollees for a long time.

Filipinos are well known to be competitive in the international scene. They can
face the trends of our challenging world nowadays . However, it’s system of education is
becoming a hindrance for Filipinos to be more competitive. The sudden implementation
of the K-12 system in the Philippine Basic Education Curriculum is the key to the
development of our nation. Though it faces many problems nowadays, which will be
discussed further on the latter part of the paper, it is an improvement that is necessary
to increase the quality of education for the nation’s success. As told by AT Abueva on
his article, “Why Does the Philippines Need the K-12 Education System”, the reasons
for the sudden implementation of the new system are:

1) Sufficient Instructional Time

Students will have more time in preparing for subject-related tasks, and be
more prepared in every subject area. A study was found in 2008 that
Filipinos were last placers in math subjects compared to other countries.
With that in mind, the new system will bring more time for students to
accomplish tasks.
 2) More skilled and Competent Labor Force
With the expectancy from the students to enter the Labor Force with
competitiveness and readiness as they finish the 10-year curriculum, it will not be
enough because of the lack of time and experience and they are still not
equipped-enough for the workplace. As the new system implements, students
can now focus on a specialized field that they find their interest or that is suitable
for them.

3) Recognition as Professionals Abroad

Filipinos will not get a hard time getting jobs and opportunities because we
are already recognized by international countries because we follow the same
international education standard that is practiced by all nations. These reasons
will help the Filipinos gain a competitive edge into the international community.

Our strong knowledge at English can be a global tool for us to success, since the
English language is an international language. This helps our overseas workers to
communicate better than anyone, yet there is one problem, we are lacked at years.
Luckily there are advancement in Filipino education system that empowers the Filipino
citizen (Plaza, 2018). This helps the Filipino to work abroad easily without taking
another course to be professionally admitted at their works abroad. To be recognized
professionally abroad, this makes us in the competitive edge just because we follow the
international standards in terms of education system. Since Filipinos are spread across
the world this helps us Filipinos to be globally competitive (Abueva, 2015). It also states
that after graduating senior high school, students may pursue college or work before
college. They will be given “National Certificate II” (TESDA, 2012)

To summarize, in terms of education, students will be more ready in the tertiary

education or college. Students will no longer take the general subjects that were taken
when the students graduated from the 10-year program because they already took it
when they were in Senior High School, thus their subjects will have more focus on their
chosen field. They will also have more knowledge on their field, because the strand that
they took in Senior High School is supposedly in relation to their course in College.
The impact of Globalization on the k-12 Education system
Going back to what globalization means it can be easily defined as the interaction of
the countries and its people around the world making them more related or being more
connected to each other. In terms of education, Altbach and Knight defined globalization
as “the economic, political, and societal forces pushing 21 st century higher education
toward greater involvement”. The Philippines, having a hard time coping up with the
globalization higher education means that the country does not have a good structure or
educational framework of its own. The country still managed to have the framework
simply called “study hard to earn more money” system which makes more students to
study more even if there are unnecessary learnings which isn’t connected to their field
of specialization. This is where Globalization comes in. Globalization utilizes the
people’s knowledge to be a main source of growth in economies. The country is moving
into a more knowledge-based country, even if the progress is slow or little to be seen.

“The modern world in which we live is often termed a "knowledge society";

education and information have become production factors potentially more valuable
than labor and capital. Thus, in a globalized setting, investment in human capital has
become a condition for international competitiveness”. (Meinardus 2003)

Status of the Philippines’ Higher Education

Table: Innovation and Knowledge Indices
Source: Philippine Education Reform in an ASEAN and Global Context by Maria Cynthia Bautista (2014)
As of 2014, it can be seen here that the Philippines is being drawn behind its ASEAN
countries when it comes to competitiveness in education and scientific output. Even the
top performing school here in the Philippines, which is the University of the Philippines
(UP) only has a ranking of 8 out of 10 universities in ASEAN. Seen also there the
country ranks 92nd in the Knowledge Economy Index on 2012.

Readiness
In the field of education, preparation for change is frequently said to be a
critical indicator of how effectively new approaches, projects, or practices will be
actualized if people or groups are prepared to set out on the training change,
they are less likely to oppose or sabotage its implementation; and when they are
prepared to undergo change, they will do as such more vigorously and attentively
than they may do generally. In some perspectives on readiness; to successfully
execute another program, for example, enhancing the essential educational
modules, people involved should be given adequate learning of the change with
in order for them to easily adopt the new program. Readiness is not simply
lacking resistance, but a more dynamic, engaged willingness, ability, and a
change of discernment to adopt a new practice. Readiness is believed to be a
critical forerunner for effective usage of the educational reform on the grounds
that the partners are the ones acting up on it. when preparations are high,
partners put more resources into the change effort, expend greater effort
in the process, and show more prominent diligence notwithstanding hindrances
or difficulties which add to an effective execution of the new program. In relation,
we can assume that the people are the real source of, and the vehicle for
change, since they are the ones who will either grasp it or oppose it. Therefore,
it is essential to survey an individual’s perception of readiness prior to any
change.
By evaluating readiness for the full implementation of the K-12 program, leaders
of the academe, managers, instructors, and educational experts can distinguish
gaps, downsides, and problems that may arise.