Strategy for WiMAX Market Research

Summer Internship Report
On
“Strategy for WiMAX”
Submitted By
Samta Satija
FMG18C
91154
FORE School of Management
New Delhi
FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 1

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr./Ms. Samta Satija Roll No. 91154 has completed his/her summer
internship at Tata Communications Limited and has submitted this project report entitled
Development, Mapping and Consolidation of Market Research for WiMAX towards part
fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Post Graduate in Management (FMG-
XVIII) 2009-2011.
This Report is the result of his/her own work and to the best of my knowledge no part of it
has earlier comprised any other report, monograph, dissertation or book. This project was
carried out under my overall supervision.
Date:
Place:
-----------------------------------
Internal Faculty Guide

AUTHORIZATION
This report is submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirement of MBA program of
FORE School of Management, New Delhi. The report has been made by SAMTA SATIJA
on the topic ― Development, Mapping and Consolidation of Market Research for WiMAX
under the guidance of Prof. V.M. MATHUR and my company guide MR.R.S. SRIVASTAV
and Mrs. NEELAM SAINI, HEAD OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT without whose guidance
and support this report would not have been a success. I declare that this report is my original
effort.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to thank the following persons without whose constant guidance,
support and help this project would not have seen the face of completion.
First and foremost I would like to thank Tata Communications Limited for giving me an
opportunity to do my Summer Internship with their Esteemed Organization. My special
appreciation extends to Mr. Naveen for his constant encouragement throughout this period,
who instructed me with the work procedures.
I would like to convey my sincere thanks to Mr. R.S. SRIVASTAV and MRS. NEELAM
SAINI, Head of Finance Department who were in the role of my company guide, left no
stone unturned in guiding me along the course of my project work. She not only assigned me
this challenging project but also guided in formulating objectives, analyzing the data and in
conducting the research in a planned manner.
My special thanks to Mr. Pradeep and Ms. Priyanka, members of the Finance Team.
I’m greatly indebted to PROF. V.M.Mathur, my faculty guide, for her valuable guidance,
supervision, constant encouragement and suggestions throughout the course of training.
Thank You!

CONTENTS
CHAPTERS Executive Summary 6
Chapter 1 Introduction 7
Chapter 2 Objective and Scope of the Study 18
Chapter 3 Review of Literature 23
Chapter 4 Research Methodology 28
Chapter 5 Data Analysis and Data Interpretation 37
Chapter 6 Findings 46
Chapter 7 Limitations of the Study 50
Chapter 8 APPENDIX - Questionnaires and Bibliography 55

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
TATA COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED
This internship report consists of the overall experience of market research working as a part
of TATA COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED. This experience helped me to understand the
basic functioning of the organization where I was inducted.
My internship program-
Project Title-Development, Mapping and Consolidation of Market Research for WiMAX.
The best learning experience was that I started from the very basics of getting to that position
and not from the position itself. This helped me get useful insight and understanding of
market research.
Training sessions were held to give me insights about how to do Market Survey, how to
collect primary data from the consumer, how to do analysis of data and Telecalling and
preparation of manual for this project.
I also learnt how to work for a reputed company like Tata Communications which enhanced
my knowledge, analytical power and communication.

Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 WiMAX
1.3 Benefits of WiMAX
1.4 CHAPTER-1
Challenges in WiMAX
1.5 Comparison with Wi-FiFOR THE STUDY
RATIONALE
1.6 Company Profile

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Tata Communications Limited, formerly known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited or

VSNL, is India’s largest Telecommunication Company in international long distance,
enterprise data and internet services. Part of the Tata Group, Tata Communications Limited
along with its global subsidiaries (Tata Communications) is a leading global provider of the
new world of communications.
With a reported target of 40 cities and 300 towns, TATA COMMUNICATIONS LTD has
major plans for the expansion of its WIMAX services in India.
We conduct market research for WiMAX.
1.2 WIMAX
WiMAX, meaning Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a

telecommunication technology that provides wireless transmission of data using a variety of
transmission modes, from point-to-multipoint links to portable and fully mobile internet
access. The technology provides up to 3 Mbit/s broadband speeds without the need for cables.
The technology is based on the Broadband Wireless Access. The name "WiMAX" was
created by the WiMAX Forum, which was formed in June 2001 to promote conformity and
interoperability of the standard. The forum describes WiMAX as "a standards-based
technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to
cable and DSL.

Tata Communications WiMAX Network Development Plans
Over 5000 Enterprise and Retail customers already up in ten cities; Aggressive plans to
capture 200,000 customers in retail segment alone in FY 2009.
Bangalore unwired for Retail customers; over 600 base station sectors deployed and
radiating.
Plans are being made to roll out WiMAX in 110 cities for Enterprise and 15 Cities for Retail
Segment by 2008.
Telsima WiMAX solutions selected for the largest deployment; 3000 base station sectors
being deployed.
Telsima WiMAX solutions selected based on advanced wireless technologies; Largest

WiMAX STC/MRC network ever deployed.
Tata Communications, a leading global provider of a new world of communications, has

selected Telsima Corporation, a global player in WiMAX systems to provide WiMAX
solutions for Tata Communications broadband wireless network in India. Tata
Communications is the first to launch broadband services on the WiMAX platform on a large
scale for retail consumers in India.
In the initial phase, Tata Communications' WiMAX network will offer Broadband Internet
access and content services to enterprise and residential customers in Delhi, Mumbai, Pune,
Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Cochin, Chandigarh, and Kolkata. By the end of 2008 Tata
Communications plans to have enabled WiMAX retail broadband service in about 15 cities.
"Given the pent up demand for broadband Internet access, this extensive
WiMAX network deployment by Tata Communications and Telsima has the potential to
dramatically accelerate the adoption of true broadband services by thousands of businesses
and millions of consumers in a short period of time throughout India", said Berge Ayvazian,
Chief Strategy Officer of Yankee Group. This wireless broadband network deployment will
have an even more profound impact on the country's educational and economic development,
and could rapidly enhance worker productivity, facilitate electronic commerce and improve
the quality of health care services."
In support of Tata Communications' broadband wireless network, Telsima provided a

comprehensive WiMAX solution including base station and subscriber station systems,
customer provisioning system and Network Management System (NMS).

1.3 BENEFITS OF WIMAX:-
The bandwidth and range of WiMAX make it suitable for the following potential
applications:
• Connecting Wi-Fi hotspots to the Internet.
• Providing a wireless alternative to cable and DSL for "last mile" broadband access.
• Providing data and telecommunications services.
• Providing a source of Internet connectivity as part of a business continuity plan. That is, if a
business has a fixed and a wireless Internet connection, especially from unrelated providers,
they are unlikely to be affected by the same service outage.
• Providing portable connectivity.
Broadband access
Companies are closely examining WiMAX for last mile connectivity. The resulting
competition may bring lower pricing for both home and business customers or bring
broadband access to places where it has been economically unavailable.
Subscriber units (Client Units)
WiMAX subscriber units are available in both indoor and outdoor versions from several
manufacturers. Self-install indoor units are convenient, but radio losses mean that the
subscriber must be significantly closer to the WiMAX base station than with professionally-
installed external units. As such, indoor installed units require a much higher infrastructure
investment as well as operational cost (site lease, backhaul, maintenance) due to the high
number of base stations required to cover a given area. Indoor units are comparable in size to
a cable modem or DSL modem. Outdoor units are roughly the size of a laptop PC, and their
installation is comparable to the installation of a residential satellite dish.
With the potential of mobile WiMAX, there is an increasing focus on portable units. This
includes handsets (similar to cellular smart phones), PC peripherals
(PC Cards or USB dongles), and embedded devices in laptops, such as are now available for
Wi-Fi. In addition, there is much emphasis from operators on consumer electronics devices
(game terminals, MP3 players and the like). It is notable this is more similar to Wi-Fi than to
3G cellular technologies.

1.4 CHALLENGES IN WiMAX
• Spectrum allocation issues.

• The 802.16 specification applies across a wide RF spectrum and WiMAX could function on
any frequency below 66GHz (higher frequencies would decrease the range of a base station
to a few hundred meters in an urban environment).
1.5 COMPARISON WITH Wi-Fi
Comparisons and confusion between WiMAX and Wi-Fi are frequent because both are
related to wireless connectivity and Internet access.
• WiMAX uses spectrum to deliver a point-to-point connection to the Internet. Different
802.16 standards provide different types of access, from portable (similar to a cordless
phone) to fixed (an alternative to wired access, where the end user's wireless termination
point is fixed in location.)
• Wi-Fi uses unlicensed spectrum to provide access to a network. Wi-Fi is more popular in
end user devices.
• WiMAX and Wi-Fi have quite different Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms. WiMAX
uses a mechanism based on connections between the
Base Station and the user device. Each connection is based on specific scheduling algorithms.
Wi-Fi has a QoS mechanism similar to fixed Ethernet, where packets can receive different
priorities based on their tags. For example VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) traffic may be
given priority over web browsing.

1.6 COMPANY PROFILE
1.6.1 TATA GROUP
Tata group of industries has become one of the biggest business groups in the world with
annual revenue of US$ 62.5 billion and a force to reckon with.
Today we will see and analyze the history of the Tata group and its various other aspects.
Tata Group is the largest private corporate group in India and has been recognized as one of
the most respected companies in the world over the years.
It has interests in steel, automobiles, information technology, communication, power, tea and
hotels. The Tata Group has operations in more than 85 countries across six continents and its
companies export products and services to 80 nations. The Tata Group comprises 98
companies in seven business sectors, 27 of which are publicly listed. 65.8% of the ownership
of Tata Group is held in charitable trusts. Companies which form a major part of the group
include Tata Steel, Corus Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Consultancy Services, Tata Technologies,
Tata Tea, Titan Industries, Tata Power, Tata Communications, Tata Teleservices, Tata Auto
Comp Systems Limited and the Taj Hotels.
The group takes the name of its founder, Jamsedji Tata, a member of whose family has
almost invariably been the chairman of the group. The current chairman of the Tata group is
Ratan Tata, who took over from J. R. D. Tata in 1991 and is currently one of the major
international business figures in the age of globosity. The company is currently in its fifth
generation of family stewardship. Now, let us look at certain aspects of Tata group apart from
is business aspect. The Tata Group has, over the past decade-and-a-half, changed more than
ever before in its long and illustrious history. Rejuvenating existing businesses, entering new
ones, manufacturing breakthrough products and expanding into foreign markets are among
the initiatives the Group has undertaken with vigour during this period.

1.6.2 TATA COMMUNICATIONS
Tata Communications Limited, formerly known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam

Limited or VSNL, is India's largest telecommunication company in international long
distance, enterprise data and internet services. Part of the Tata Group, Tata
Communications Limited along with its global subsidiaries (Tata
Communications) is a leading global provider of the new world of communications. The
company leverages its Tata Global Network, vertical intelligence and leadership in emerging
markets, to deliver value-driven, globally managed solutions to the Fortune 1000 and mid-
sized enterprises, service providers and consumers.
The Tata Communications portfolio includes transmission, IP, converged voice, mobility,
managed network connectivity, hosted data centre, communications solutions and business
transformation services to global and Indian enterprises & service providers as well as,
broadband and content services to Indian consumers. The Tata Global Network encompasses
one of the most advanced and largest submarine cable networks, a Tier-1 IP network,
connectivity to more than 200 countries across 300 PoPs and more feet data centre space.
Tata Communications serves its customers from its offices in 80 cities in 40 countries
worldwide. Tata Communications has a strategic investment in South
African operator Neotel which provides the company with a strong anchor to build an African
footprint.
The number one global international wholesale voice operator and number one provider of
International Long Distance, Enterprise Data and Internet Services in India, the company was
named "Best Wholesale Carrier" at the World Communications Awards in 2006 and was
named the "Best Pan-Asian Wholesale Provider" at the 2007 Capacity Magazine Global
Wholesale Telecommunications Awards for the second consecutive year.
Becoming the leading integrated provider to drive and deliver a new world of
communications, Tata Communications became the unified global brand for
VSNL, VSNL International, Teleglobe, Tata Indicom Enterprise Business Unit and CIPRIS
on February 13, 2008.
Tata Communications Ltd. is a part of the $29 billion Tata Group; it is listed on the Bombay
Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India and its ADRs are listed on the
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: TCL).

1.6.2.1 Corporate Profile of Tata Communication
Srinath Narasimhan
Managing Director & CEO, Tata Communications

Srinath Narasimhan is the Managing Director and CEO of Tata Communications (formerly
VSNL), part of the $62.5 billion Tata Group. Mr. Srinath has over 20 years experience within
the Tata Group, having held various positions in project management, sales and marketing, as
well as significant corporate functions in several Tata companies. Mr. Srinath has been
responsible for spearheading new projects in high-technology areas such as process
automation and control, computers and telecommunications and was an instrumental figure
early in the launch of the Tata Group's CDMA services.
Vinod Kumar
President and COO, Tata Communications
As President of Global Data & Mobility Solutions for Tata Communications, part of the
$62.5 billion Tata Group, Mr. Kumar is responsible for expanding Tata Communications'
roadmap and charter into the global communications market. Enhancing the service
capabilities and customer-facing activities in strategic markets beyond the shores of India, in
a nutshell, sums up his mandate.
In addition to heading these strategic initiatives, Mr. Kumar is also responsible for the
Wholesale Data, Global Mobile and International Enterprise lines of business, and for
meeting the company's ambitious targets. Mr. Kumar is also a Director on the Board of Tata
Communications Limited.
Michel Guyot
President, Global Voice Solutions, Tata Communications
Michel Guyot is President, Global Voice Solutions for Tata Communications, part of the
$62.5 billion Tata Group. In this position, he is responsible for worldwide Voice activities for
the group, encompassing the management of domestic voice operations in India.
Mr. Guyot has over 25 years of international telecommunications experience and has held a
number of key executive positions. Prior to taking on his current position, Mr. Guyot was
Teleglobe’s Vice-President of International Markets, responsible for the company’s
International Sales organization and commercial activities for Europe, the Middle East,
Africa and Asia-Pacific. Among other positions, Mr. Guyot has also served as Teleglobe’s
Executive Director of Marketing as well as Vice-President Europe.

1.6.2.2 Culture in Tata Communication:-
Our People:
Our global office holds talent from six continents. Our vast pool of expertise in the
communications and technology sectors embody our commitment to conduct ethical and
sustainable business. Tata Communications continues a tradition of developing and deploying
innovative solutions for existing and emerging markets worldwide. Our international team
reflects the dynamic and diverse market Tata Communications serves.
Our Values:
Service and business at Tata Communications is guided by a commitment to ethical and

responsible conduct.
• Integrity: Trust travels
We must conduct our business fairly, with honesty and transparency.

Everything we do must stand the test of public scrutiny.
• Understanding: Open the world
We must be caring, show respect, compassion and humanity for our colleagues and
customers around the world, and always work for the benefit of the communities we serve.
• Flexibility: Act agile
We work to create, design and grow in an environment that supports our customers and
people with adaptive thinking and action.
• Excellence: Go the distance
We must constantly strive to achieve the highest possible standards in our day-to-day work
and in the quality of the goods and services we provide.
• Unity: Journey as one
We must work cohesively with our colleagues across the Group and with our customers and
partners around the world, building strong relationships based on tolerance, understanding
and mutual cooperation.

• Responsibility: Advance life
We must continue to be responsible, sensitive to the countries, communities and

environments in which we work, always ensuring that what comes from the people goes back
to the people many times over.
1.6.2.3 Corporate Objectives of Tata Communication:-
• VISION
Deliver a new world of communications to advance the reach and leadership of our
customers.
• COMMITMENT
Invest in building long-lasting relationships with customers and partners and lead the industry
in responsiveness and flexibility.
• STRATEGY
Build leading-edge IP-leveraged solutions advanced by our unmatched global infrastructure

and leadership in emerging markets

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF WIMAX NETWORK

Chapter 2
Objective of the Study

2.1 Rationale for the study
CHAPTER – 2
2.2 Project Brief
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
2.3 Measuring the Potential of the Market
2.4 Competitors of the Industry
2.5 Strategy Making
2.6 Scope of the Study

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
2.1 Rationale for the Study
WiMAX is a standards-based wireless technology that provides high throughput broadband

connections over long distances. The Rationale for the study has many points, in other words
we can say there is a lot of point for using Wimax technology in today’s world.
WiMAX is similar to the wireless standard known as Wi-Fi, but on a much larger scale and at
faster speeds. A nomadic version would keep WiMAX enabled devices connected over large
areas, much like today’s cell phone.
WiMAX is based on IEEE 802.16 IEEE standards.
Wi-Fi typically provides local network access for around a few hundred feet with speeds of
up to 54 Mbps, a single WiMAX antenna is expected to have a range of up to 40 miles with
speeds of 70 Mbps or more. As such, WiMAX can bring the underlying Internet connection
needed to service local Wi-Fi networks.
Wi-Fi is intended for LAN applications, users scale from one to tens with one subscriber for
each CPE device. Fixed channel sizes (20MHz).WiMAX is designed to efficiently support
from one to hundreds of Consumer premises equipments (CPEs), with unlimited subscribers
behind each CPE. Flexible channel sizes from 1.5MHz to 20MHz.
WiMAX works at 5 Bps/Hz and the speed can reach a peak up to 100 Mbps in a 20 MHz
channel.
As such, WiMAX can bring the underlying Internet connection needed to service local Wi-Fi
networks. Wi-Fi does not provide ubiquitous broadband while WiMAX does.

2.1.1 For Consumers
• Consumers can receive services in areas with little infrastructure, developed countries, rural
& hard-to-service areas.
• Increased number of players in the market which means options.
• Quick “trickle down” effect of cost savings to consumers.
2.1.2 For Service Providers
• Enables a lower initial CAPEX investment.

• Eliminates commitment to a single vendor, a typical by-product of
• The proprietary technology model.
• Wireless systems significantly reduce operator investment risk.
2.1.3 For Component Makers
• Standardization creates a volume opportunity for chip set vendors.
2.1.4 The main reasons to implement this technology are:
• To provide customers a more reliable and secure network.

• To eliminate the role of wired technology in the connectivity which is far difficult to
implement in remote areas?
• To be in contact with the customers directly and handle them according to the company’s
policy, i.e. customer satisfaction is the priority of marketing.
• To grow up in the market with more numbers of customers with the help of technology.

2.2 Project brief
• Objective of this project is to create key market information on a geo-referenced database.

• Develop initial hypothesis of high-priority sub regions and design MSG
• Prepare an approach map along with data points to be captured during the first pass in New
Delhi.
• Carry out minimal contact survey during primary pilot, use surrogate data points and
validation of data inputs collected.
• To know the competitors of this industry.
Measuring the potential of market
Market potential is the limit approached by market demand as industry marketing

expenditures approach infinity for a given marketing environment.
Organization has special interest in the product penetration percentage, which is the
percentage of ownership or use of a product or service in a population.
Organizations assume that the lower the product – penetration percentage, the higher the
market potential. Through this project organization will be able to know about their target
customers, the overall customer profile and choices. To know about the market potential this
project is very vital and necessary. It is important for organization because before launching
new product or services in market, the potential market should be known by organization.
Otherwise, in case, if the product fails, the huge loss of money and resources will be suffered
by the organization.
Competitors of industry
The second most important objective of this project is to identify the market threats in the
form of competitors. The data of project clearly pointed out the name and number of
competitors in a particular territory. The knowledge about the competitors is a prerequisite
for organizational planning. Through this project it is clear that MTNL (MAHANAGAR
TELEPHONE NIGAM LIMITED) is a prominent competitor of TATA
COMMUNICATION. The other competitors are Reliance, Sify, Airtel etc.
Strategy making
Strategy is defined as the course of action with general approach an organisation will follow
to achieve its goals. The overall knowledge of market, competitors will enables to the
organization to establish the long term as well as short term strategy.

Scope of Study
• This project will be of great help for the company as the findings will help the organization
for improving their system and approach.
• This project helps us to identify the market potential for WiMAX, which is an internet
service. WiMAX provide a more reliable and secure network to their customer.
• This project study also gives idea about business competition.
• This study also focuses on studying the various techniques adopted by the organisation to
retain the new technology (WiMAX).

Chapter 3
Review of Literature

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
A literature review is both a summary and explanation of the complete and current state of
knowledge on a limited topic as found in academic books and journal articles. A literature
review is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of current knowledge on a
particular topic. A literature review is a survey and discussion of the literature in a given area
of study. It is a concise overview of what has been studied, argued, and established about a
topic.
We have come to know about the Wimax through various internet sites which are given
below
• www.tatacommunication.com
• www.wikipedia.com
• www.scribd.com
WiMAX is the next-generation of wireless technology designed to enable pervasive, high-

speed mobile Internet access to the widest array of devices including notebook PCs, handsets,
smart phones, and consumer electronics such as gaming devices, cameras, camcorders, music
players, and more. As the fourth generation (4G) of wireless technology, WiMAX delivers
low-cost, open networks and is the first all IP mobile Internet solution enabling efficient and
scalable networks for data, video, and voice. As a major driver in the support and
development of WiMAX, Intel has designed embedded WiMAX solutions for a variety of
mobile devices supporting the future of high-speed broadband on-the-go. WiMAX stands for
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access. It is a telecommunications technology
providing wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to
full mobile cellular type access. It is based on the Wireless MAN (IEEE 802.16) standard.
The concept of WiMAX technology arise In the mid 1990’s, telecommunication companies
developed the idea to use fixed broadband wireless networks for potential last mile solutions
to provide an alternate, means to deliver Internet connectivity to businesses and individuals.
Their aim was to produce a network with the speed, capacity, and reliability of a hardwired
network, while maintaining with the flexibility, simplicity, and low costs of a wireless
network this technology would also act as a versatile system for corporate or institutional
backhaul distribution networks and would attempt to compete with the leading Internet
carriers.

History of WiMAX is an interesting study in technology development, standardization and
spin control. The idea for WiMAX came about in the wake of the telecom bubble, when
generating hype about what technologies could do was anathema. WiMAX is also - by name
as well as by function and association - a cousin of Wi-Fi, which hasn't exactly become
firmly ensconced as an indispensable technology tool in the telecom service provider quiver.
When Wi-Fi's new maxed-out cousin came onto the scene, it already had that (perceived)
strike against it. So it should come as no surprise that the WiMAX powers that be - namely,
the WiMAX Forum and the companies comprising it - have been very careful to control the
spin, downplay the hype and shroud the technology's certification processes in a veil of
mystery. Without that level of control, excitement about WiMAX's potential as a broadband
access form could have continued unabated, with people within and outside of telecom
making assumptions about WiMAX that ultimately could have resulted in letdowns. But now
it's beginning to feel like the WiMAX community has taken the protection of its brainchild
too far. A postponement of the WiMAX Forum's product certification process earlier this
year led to rampant speculation that the forum was changing direction or its position on
support of certain versions of WiMAX. True or not, the conjecture - accompanied by the
forum's relative silence on the issues - didn't do much for the nascent technology's still-
forming reputation in service provider circles.
Those wrinkles in the WiMAX maturation process seem to be ironed out, for the most part, at
this point. But now a new potential quandary is rearing its head: potential WiMAX deployers'
impatience with the process that will bless WiMAX gear as "certified." As Dan O'Shea points
out in this month's cover story (page 20), smaller broadband wireless players such as wireless
ISP NextWeb are looking at moving ahead with RFPs for WiMAX gear in advance of any
official equipment certification. That's probably not the kind of publicity the WiMAX Forum
wants. The best answer might be for the forum to let market forces (like NextWeb's plans)
govern the pace of WiMAX deployment. On one hand, that action could speed up the whole
process and lead more quickly to high-volume production and thus lower component costs.
On the other, it could protect the forum and its backers from further backlash if WiMAX
doesn't meet the industry's broadband expectations, as many industry pundits are now
predicting.
WiMax considers the leader of the wireless industry. The major pioneer of
WiMAX is IEEE which stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The
organization is still working on WiMAX to make WiMAX more and better for the use.

This Wimax popularity and importance increased because it was cheap and low cost network
generated much attention to two types of fixed wireless broadband technologies: Local
Multipoint Distribution Services (LMDS) and Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Services
(MMDS). LMDS was primarily intended to speed up and bridge Metropolitan Area Networks
in larger corporations and on University campuses.
This broadband system extended the WiMAX service to a 30-mile range Mobile
WiMAX system: 802.16e. This version used a Scalable Orthogonal Frequency-
Division Multiple Access (SOFDMA) engine, which supported over 2,000 subcarriers,
optimized handover delay and packet loss, and increased network security. It had the ability
to disperse its network between hundreds of terminals. Yet the IEEE did not stop there. In
2005, they came out with the first WIMAX grew out of a desperate need for a truly
broadband mobile data network so that the Internet could be delivered to users on the move.
In early 2000, the IEEE standards body under the chairmanship of Roger Marks started an
802.16 project to standardize a broadband technology. The focus then was on fixed
broadband Internet service. In 2003, Sean Maloney, SVP, Intel Corp, realized that Internet
access will eventually migrate from the PC platform to a handheld mobile platform. So Intel
was keen to be the first to introduce this on the new platform. That is when US firm Iospan
Wireless stepped in with an advanced mobile Internet system based on the MIMO-OFDMA
technology, which was my baby. Intel acquired this company and used its Intellectual
Property and staff to take over the IEEE standards process and dubbed it as WIMAX. This
eventually resulted in the current version of WIMAX i.e. 802.16e Release 1. There is still a
lot of work left and the evolution should be seen in the next couple of years.
WI-FI is based upon wireless technology. Broadband is often called high-speed Internet,
because it usually has a high rate of data transmission. In general, any connection to the
customer of 256 Kbit/s (0.256 MBit/s) or more is considered broadband Internet.
The main reasons to implement this technology are:

• To provide customers a more reliable and secure network.
• To eliminate the role of wired technology in the connectivity which is far more difficult to
implement in remote areas.
• To be in contact with the customers directly and handle them according to the company’s
Policy, i.e. customer satisfaction is the priority of marketing.
• To grow up in the market with more numbers of customers with the help of technology.

Comparison with Wi-Fi -Simply put, if WiMAX provides services analogous to a cell phone,
Wi-Fi is more analogous Wi-Fi is a shorter range system, typically hundreds of meters,
typically used by an end user to access their own network. Wi-Fi is low cost and is generally
used to provide Internet access within a single room or building. For example, many coffee
shops, hotels, railway stations and bus stations contain Wi-Fi access points providing access
to the Internet for customers. Wireless Routers which incorporate a DSL-modem or a cable-
modem and a Wi-Fi access point, often set up in homes to provide Internet-access and
internetworking to all devices connected (wirelessly or by cable) to them. One can also
connect Wi-Fi devices in ad-hoc mode for client-to-client connections without a router. Wi-Fi
allows LANs to be deployed without cabling for client devices, typically reducing the costs
of network deployment and expansion. Wireless network adapters are also built into most
modern laptops.

Chapter 4
Research Methodology
4.1 Data Collection
4.2 Collection of Primary Data
4.3 Format of Excel Sheet
4.4 GIS
4.5 How to use GIS Map
4.6 Grid Data
4.7 SME
4.8 Information about Residence and SME
4.9 Secondary Data
4.10 Data Entry and Validation

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4.1 DATA COLLECTION:-
Data refers to a collection of natural phenomena description, including the result of

experience, observation, or a set of premises.
Data can be of two types:-
• Primary data
• Secondary data
Primary data is used to collect initial material during the research process.
Primary data is the data that the researcher collects himself using methods such as surveys,
direct observation, interviews.
Secondary data is source that is edited primary source, second hand version.
4.2 COLLECTION OF PRIMARY DATA:-
Primary data is the data that the researcher collects himself using methods such as surveys,
direct observations interviews as well as logs. Primary data is a reliable way to collect data
because the researcher will know where it came from and how it was collected and analyzed
since he did it himself.
Sources of Primary data: - Primary data can be gathered by following methods:
• Surveys
• Questionnaire
• Observations
• Experiments

Primary data collected by survey method in this project, survey was conducted by us.
Major instrument used for conducting this survey are as follow:-
1. GIS MAPS
It contains GRID DATA and GRID MAP
2. EXCEL SHEET
Target Residential Buildings – Minimum rental value above a certain value
Target Commercial Buildings – All commercial buildings except retails and wholesale shops
4.3 FORMAT OF EXCEL SHEET:-

4.4 GIS (GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM)
A geographic information system (GIS) integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing,
managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information.
GIS allows us to view, understand, question, interpret, and visualize data in many ways that
reveal relationships, patterns, and trends in the form of maps, globes, reports, and charts.
A GIS helps you answer questions and solve problems by looking at your data in a way that
is quickly understood and easily shared.
GRID Maps:-
Grid maps contains map of that particular area. For example grid number 78 contain data of
THANE area in Mumbai. Each grid having 8 square kilometres area and each grid divided in
to 8 polygon (A-H), having area ½ square kilometres.
Collection of polygon makes one grid and collection of similar gird forms a single cluster.

4.5 HOW TO USE GIS MAP
• City-specific GIS Map to be used as a single information repository.

• Each City is divided into Grids of 4 sq. km (2x2 km)
• Each Grid is divided into 8 polygons of 0.5 sq. km (0.5x1 km)
• Each such polygon will become a unit for data collection
• Each Polygon would have the following summary primary information
4.6 GRID Data:-
Sample of grid data:-
Bu Name Addr Street Type Sub Type Floor No. of Minimum

ildi ess Name Flats Flat Rental
ng
No
.
1 Pitamp Delhi Bannu Resid Private Ground 2 8000

ura Enclav ential Apartment
e
2 Safdarj Delhi South Resid Bungalow Ground 4 30000
ung Delhi ential
Enclav
e
3 Nehru Delhi IFFCO Com Other Third 800 50000
Place House merci Floor sq.
al feet
4 Janak Delhi District Com Other Second 500 25000
Puri Centre merci Floor sq.
al feet

4.7 SME (SMALL & MEDIUM ENTERPRISE)
Small and medium enterprise is the main customer for WiMAX.
We have to know accurate information about SME. It is that enterprise in which number of
employees varies from 10 to 50.
Small office/home office, or SoHo, refers to the category of business which can be from 1 to
10 workers. SOHO can also stand for small or home office or single office/home office. A
larger business enterprise, one notch up the size scale, is often categorized as a small
business. When a company reaches 100 or more employees, it is often referred to as a Small
and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME).

4.8 INFORMATION ABOUT RESIDENCE & SME
This block gives information about how we collect primary data from residence and SME
which will give us information regarding MSG (Market survey group).

4.9 SECONDARY DATA
Polygon Information-Secondary Data

4.10 DATA ENTRY & VALIDATION:-
 Target Residential Buildings – Minimum rental value above a certain value

 Target Commercial Buildings – All commercial establishments which currently use a
computer
o Latitude-Longitude information only for Buildings of Interest (ground+ 4fl)/
buildings build last 1 year/ under construction.
 Challenges
• Lack of latitude/longitude information and hence cannot be mapped to the GIS
• Will not be as detailed or comprehensive as the GIS data
• Restricts future data use.
*In the absence of availability of GIS data and for all non-enterprise buildings.

Chapter 5
Data Analysis and Data Interpretation

5.1 Table 1
5.2 Chart 1
5.3 Table 2
5.4 Chart 2
5.5 Table 3
5.6 Chart 3
5.7 Table 4
5.8 Chart 4
5.9 Table 5
5.10 Chart 5

DATA ANALYSIS AND DATA INTERPRETATION
Now after collecting the data from the questionnaire forms we had trends to analyze and
interpret. Here some charts and table which I prepared from the data which I collected during
my internship for market research for WiMAX.
5.1 TABLE: - 1
How many earning people in your family?
Number of People earning in Result

a family
1 45%
2 28%
3 20%
4 and more 7%
(Sample size: 100 families)
5.2 CHART: 1

ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 45% families in which the number of earning people is 1,
28% families in which the number of earning people are 2, 20% families in which the number
of earning people are 3 & only 7% families in which the number of earning people is more
than 4.
INTERPRETATION OF DATA
From the analysis it is found that in most of the families there is a single earning member. By
the analysis of above data we came to know the number of earning members in various
families.

5.3 TABLE: 2
What is the minimum rent of your flat?
Minimum Flat Rent Results
Below 5000 23%

Below 10000 30%
Below 20000 19%
Above 20000 28%
5.4 CHART: 2

ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 23% families that pay below 5000 rupees flat rent on
monthly basis. 30% families pay below 10000 rupees flat rent on the monthly basis.
19% families pay below 20000 rupees flat rent on the monthly basis. 28% families pay above
20000 rupees as monthly rent.
From the analysis it is found that most of the families pay rent which is more than 20000
rupees on monthly basis. By the analysis of above data we came to know the spending power
of families and the families with larger purchasing power is our target customer.

5.5 TABLE: 3
Do you have Internet Service in your home?
Having Internet Service at your home? Results
Yes 68%
No 32%
5.6 CHART: 3
ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 68% families who use internet service at their home & 32%
family who are not using internet service at their home.
From the analysis it is found that most of the people are keen to use internet. We find our
target customer amongst the people who are using internet service. This data helps us find our
target customer.

5.7 TABLE: 4
How much time you spend on internet?
Time spent on Internet Results
1-2 hours 18%

2-3 hours 32%
3-5 hours 14%
More than 5 hours 36%
5.8 CHART: 4

ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 18% people who spend 1-2 hours on internet on regular
basis, 32% people who spend 2-3 hours, 14% people who spend 3-5 hours & 36% people
who spend more than 5 hours.
From the analysis it is found that most of the people are frequent users of internet & they are
our target customer. The people whose usage exceeds 5 hours of internet are the ones we
need to target for the WiMAX Technology

5.9 TABLE: - 5
Are you aware about WiMAX?
Aware about WiMAX? Results
Yes 43%
No 57%
5.10 CHART: 5
ANALYSIS
Above chart shows that there are 43% people among the sample size who are aware about
WiMAX technology & 57% people are unaware about WiMAX technology.
From the analysis it is found that most of the people in New Delhi are not aware about
WiMAX Technology. And hence there is a need to educate the people first about what
exactly is WiMAX Technology and then they need to be targeted as customers.

Chapter 6
Findings
6.1 Presentation of Findings
6.1.1 Tower Setup
6.1.2 New Opportunity
6.1.3 Competitive Strategy

6.1 PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS
According to Data analysis and Data interpretation the following are the findings:-
According to residential survey we divided the whole New Delhi on the basis of monthly flat
rentals of household.
In south Delhi, the representative areas are Vasant Vihar, Lajpat Nagar and Safdarjung
Enclave. The average monthly flat rent for Type 1 residences are 50000 rupees. The average
monthly rent of Type 2 residences are 30000 – 40000 rupees and that of Type 3 residences
are 15000 – 25000 rupees.
In central Delhi, representative areas are Connaught Place, Karol Bagh and Paharganj. The
average monthly flat rent for Type 1 residences are 30000 rupees. The average monthly rent
of Type 2 residences are 15000 – 30000 rupees and that of Type 3 residences are 10000 –
15000 rupees.
In North West Delhi, the representative areas are Paschim Vihar, Vikaspuri and Guru
Harkishan Nagar. The average monthly flat rent for Type 1 residence is 30000 rupees. The
average monthly rent of Type 2 residences are 15000 – 30000 rupees and that of Type 3
residences are 10000 – 15000 rupees.
In east Delhi, the representative areas are Vivek Vihar, Laxmi Nagar, Preet Vihar and
Karkardooma. The average monthly flat rent for Type 1 residences are 30000 rupees. The
average monthly rent of Type 2 residences are 15000 – 30000 rupees and that of Type 3
residences are 10000 – 15000 rupees.
In North Delhi, the representative areas are Model Town, Kamla Nagar, Ashok Vihar. The
average monthly flat rent for Type I residences are 25000 rupees. The average monthly rent
of Type 2 residences are 15000 - 20000 rupees and that of Type 3 residences are 5000 –
10000 rupees.
In rest of Delhi, the representative areas are Rohini and Pitampura. The average monthly flat
rent for Type 1 residences are 20000 rupees. The average monthly rent of Type 2 residences
are 10000 – 15000 rupees and that of Type 3 residences are 5000 – 8000 rupees.
By the help of flat rent we are able to know that where our potential customer is.
Similarly we go through the small and medium enterprises and know where we have to put
towers for WiMAX.

Finding is based on data and field work. I made some observations which are important for
the organization. But based on that data I make some recommendations.
Tower set up
I observed several potential areas where towers may be established. These areas are spread
from South Delhi to West Delhi. The below mentioned are some places where towers may be
set. These are as follows—
• SOUTH EX
• PUNJABI BAGH
• NEHRU PLACE
• MODEL TOWN
• CONNAUGHT PLACE
• JANAK PURI
The reason behind them is as follows-
• INCOME: The income of the people living in these areas lies in the higher bracket and
hence these are the people who can be targeted to be the customers for WiMAX technology.
These people can easily subscribe to this technology even if it is priced a little high.
• POPULATION: The population of these areas is large and suitable according to the profile
of the users of WiMAX technology. Hence these areas qualify in terms of population.
• INFRASTUCTURE: The infrastructure in terms of companies, roads, transport,

employment etc. is available in these areas easily and hence the towers can be easily
established here. Ease of access to these areas also makes them potential hubs of WiMAX
technology.
• INDUSTRY: The various industries that can be potential users of WiMAX technology are
all there in these areas. These companies can easily afford the technology and the technology
in return would be beneficial to their industry.

The average income of those areas is very appropriate for organization.
Generally the income & spending is directly proportional to each other. The population of
those areas are also sufficient to establish the tower.
New Opportunity:-
Some areas such as organizational areas are other beneficial options for example-New Delhi
Municipal Corporation (NDMC). Here several large and small scale industries are operating.
As I observed RELIANCE is a prominent provider. But the slow speed of downloading is the
main problem of provider. The slow speed may be the opportunity for organization.
Competitive strategy:-
Through this project it is observed that MTNL (MAHANAGAR TELIPHONE NIGAM

LIMITED) is very strong opponent of TATA COMMUNICATION. So, mostly the corporate
strategy should be accordingly. The infrastructure of MTNL enables it to offer services at
lower rate. Therefore, there should be a balance between QUALITY and CHARGE.

Chapter 7
Limitations of the Study

7.1 Limitations of the Study
7.1.1 Overall Limitation of the Study
7.1.1 Data Limitation
7.1.2 Manpower Limitation
7.2 Competitors of WiMAX
7.3 List of Competitors
7.4 Suggestions

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
Overall limitation of study:-
• Scale of the exercise and time-frames
Data limitation:-
• Actual Coverage ratio of polygon data

• Intensiveness for Building level data collection
• Gaps in mapping Field Data to GIS Data
• Data Accuracy, Completeness and Validation
Manpower limitation:-
• Manpower recruitment and administration

• Manpower Motivation

COMPETITORS OF WiMAX
Within the marketplace, WiMAX's main competition comes from existing, widely deployed
wireless systems such as UMTS(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) and
CDMA2000, as well as a number of Internet-oriented systems such as HiperMAN, and of
course long range mobile Wi-Fi and mesh networking High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) is
a collection of two mobile telephony protocols High Speed Downlink Packet Access
(HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), that extend and improve the
performance of existing WCDMA protocols. A further standard, Evolved HSPA (also known
as HSPA+), is soon to be released.
3G cellular phone systems usually benefit from already having entrenched infrastructure,
having been upgraded from earlier systems. Users can usually fall back to older systems
when they move out of range of upgraded equipment, often relatively seamlessly. High Speed
Packet Access (HSPA) [1] is a collection of two mobile telephony protocols High Speed
Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) that
extend and improve the performance of existing WCDMA protocols. A further standard,
Evolved HSPA (also known as HSPA+), is soon to be released.
The major cellular standards are being evolved to so-called 4G, high-bandwidth, low-latency,
all-IP networks with voice services built on top. The worldwide move to 4G for GSM/UMTS
and AMPS/TIA (including CDMA2000) is the 3GPP Long Term Evolution effort. A planned
CDMA2000 replacement called Ultra Mobile Broadband has been discontinued. For 4G
systems, existing air interfaces are being discarded in favour of OFDMA for the downlink
and a variety of OFDM based techniques for the uplink, similar to WiMAX. High Speed
Packet Access (HSPA) [1] is a collection of two mobile telephony protocols High Speed
Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) that
extend and improve the performance of existing WCDMA protocols. A further standard,
Evolved HSPA (also known as HSPA+), is soon to be released.
In some areas of the world, the wide availability of UMTS and a general desire for
standardization has meant spectrum has not been allocated for WiMAX: in
July 2005, the EU-wide frequency allocation for WiMAX was blocked.

LIST OF COMPETITORS:-
• AIRTEL
• BSNL/MTNL
• RELIANCE
• HATHWAY
• SIFY
• TTML
• LOCAL AGENCY
• OTHER BROAD BAND PROVIDER

Suggestions:-
• The staff members of TATA COMMUNICATION are very busy so they should give some
time to their management trainees, so that management trainee get much more interaction,
knowledge and learn more things from them.
• During the primary data collection there is much fake data which was collected, it should be
avoided.

Chapter 8
Appendix
8.1 Questionnaires
8.1.1 Questionnaire for Residences
8.1.2 Questionnaire for SMEs

APPENDIX –
Questionnaires
For collecting the data a structured questionnaire for the Company is prepared to get detailed
and structured information regarding the WiMAX. The questionnaire includes both the close
ended as well as open ended questions.
Given below is the questionnaire:
TATA COMMUNICATION INTERNET SERVICE LTD (WiMAX)

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR RESIDENCE:-
1. Name:
2. Address:
3. Contact Number:
(Please tick on your given answer)
4. Do you have Internet Service in your home?

a) Yes b) No
5. How much time you spend on internet?
a) 1-2 hours b) 2-3 hours
c) 3-5 hours d) more than 5 hours
6. Are you aware about the different internet service provider available in New Delhi?
a) Yes b) No
7. Which company internet service do you use?
 Bharti Airtel
 TULIP
 Reliance Communication
 IDEA
 BSNL/MTNL
8. Why did you choose your existing service provider?

 Better network connection
 Low Cost and affordable
 Better Service
 Online maintenance of broadband
 Easy payment plans
9. Do you want to upgrade your internet service?

a) Yes b) No
10. Are you aware about WiMAX?
a) Yes b) No
***THANK YOU***

QUESTIONNAIRE FOR SME
1. Company name: __________________________________________

2. Address: _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
3. Contact no. : _____________________________________________
4. Category of company: _______________________________________
5. Number of employee in your company?
a) Below 10 b) Below 50
c) Below 100 d) Above 100
6. Number of Unit in your company:
___________________________________________
7. Total office space in this building (in term of sq. m):
________________________________________
8. Do your company use Internet service?
a) Yes b) No
9. Which company Internet service do you use?
__________________________________________
10. Are you satisfied with your existing service provider?
a) Yes b) No
11. Are you aware about the different internet service provider available in Mumbai?
a) Yes b) No
12. Do you want to upgrade your Internet service?
a) Yes b) No
13. Why did you choose your existing Internet service: ___________________
_____________________________________________________________
14. Are you aware about WiMAX?
a) Yes b) No
***THANK YOU***

BIBLIOGRAPHY
_ www.tatacommunication.com
_ www.wikipedia.com
_ www.google.com
_ www.scribd.com
_ Times of India
_ Business research methodology (J.K Sachdeva)
_ Marketing management (Philip Kotler)
_ Research methodology (Paneerselvam)
_ Press release by Tata communication
_ EXPERTS etc.
********************************

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Summer Internship Report

“Strategy for WiMAX”

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 1

Internal Faculty Guide

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 2

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 3

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 4

CHAPTERS Executive Summary 6

Chapter 2 Objective and Scope of the Study 18

Chapter 3 Review of Literature 23

Chapter 4 Research Methodology 28

Chapter 5 Data Analysis and Data Interpretation 37

Chapter 7 Limitations of the Study 50

Chapter 8 APPENDIX - Questionnaires and Bibliography 55

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 5

TATA COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED

Project Title-Development, Mapping and Consolidation of Market Research for WiMAX.

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 6

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 7

Tata Communications Limited, formerly known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited or

We conduct market research for WiMAX.

WiMAX, meaning Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 8

Telsima WiMAX solutions selected based on advanced wireless technologies; Largest

Tata Communications, a leading global provider of a new world of communications, has

In support of Tata Communications' broadband wireless network, Telsima provided a

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 9

Subscriber units (Client Units)

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 10

• Spectrum allocation issues.

1.5 COMPARISON WITH Wi-Fi

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 11

1.6.1 TATA GROUP

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 12

Tata Communications Limited, formerly known as Videsh Sanchar Nigam

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 13

Managing Director & CEO, Tata Communications

President and COO, Tata Communications

President, Global Voice Solutions, Tata Communications

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 14

Service and business at Tata Communications is guided by a commitment to ethical and

• Integrity: Trust travels

We must conduct our business fairly, with honesty and transparency.

• Understanding: Open the world

• Flexibility: Act agile

• Excellence: Go the distance

• Unity: Journey as one

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 15

We must continue to be responsible, sensitive to the countries, communities and

1.6.2.3 Corporate Objectives of Tata Communication:-

Build leading-edge IP-leveraged solutions advanced by our unmatched global infrastructure

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 16

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 17

Objective of the Study

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 18

2.1 Rationale for the Study

WiMAX is a standards-based wireless technology that provides high throughput broadband

WiMAX is based on IEEE 802.16 IEEE standards.

FORE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT Page | 19

2.1.2 For Service Providers

• Enables a lower initial CAPEX investment.

2.1.3 For Component Makers